直接引语与间接引语教学课件

这是一份直接引语与间接引语教学课件，共37页。PPT课件主要包含了Review，宾语从句，引导词，that，ifwhether，疑问词，陈述语序，直接引语为陈述句，直接引语为祈使句，陈述句等内容，欢迎下载使用。

主句为现在时态，从句可以是需要的任何时态
主句为过去时态，从句应使用相应的过去的时态。
从句如果描述的是客观真理、科学理论等则永远用一般现在时态。
直接引语： 直接引述别人的原话.直接引语的前后必须加引号。
间接引语： 转述别人的话。间接引语前后不加引号。
间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句
直接引语与间接引语的定义
直接引语变间接引语可分为三大类：
2）直接引语为疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句）
直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时， 用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的say, 也可用tell来代替，注意，可以说say that, tell sb. that，不可直接说tell that
e.g. He ften says,“China is great.”→ He ften says (that) China is great.Tm says,“I am a student.”→ Tm says (that) he is a student.
He says,“I leave my bk in yur rm”→ He said (that) he left his bk in yur rm.
He said, “D yu have any difficulty with prnunciatin?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my prnunciatin. He said, “Yu are interested in English, aren't yu?” He asked whether I was interested in English.
间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词say要改为ask ，语序要变为陈述语序
He asked, “D yu speak English r French?” He asked me whether I spke English r French. I asked, “Will yu take bus r take train?” I asked him whether he wuld take bus r take train. “Is he all right?”They cried ut.They cried ut whether he was all right.
注意：大多数情况下，if ,whether 可以互换，但句中出现r (nt),或放在介词后作连接词，只用whether。
He said t me，“What's yur name?” He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “Hw many car factries have been built in yur cuntry?” He asked us hw many car factries had been built in ur cuntry.
原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序
直接引语是祈使句，则改为tell/rder/ask sb. (nt) t d sth.其他变化同上。
He said, “Please cme here tmrrw.”The teacher said, “Dn’t talk any mre.”
He asked me t g there the next day.
The teacher tld us nt t talk any mre.
引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致
引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致
引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称不变
She said,“ I like Tennis.”
She said that she liked tennis
He said t Lily,“ yu must get up early”
He tld Lily that she must get up early
She said t me ,“ They want thelp him”
She tld me that That they wanted help him
一随主，二随宾，三不变
Practice:1) He said,“ My brther failed in the exam.” He said ____brther had failed in the exam.2) He said t Mary,“ Hw is yur mther nw?” he asked Mary hw _____mther was then.3)My teacher said, ‘‘ she is a gd student. ’’ My teacher said ____was a gd student4) He said t me,“ I’ve left her bk in yur rm” He tld me that ___had left ___ bk in ___ rm.
1." We want yu t take a message fr her." said the Greens.
The Greens tld me that wanted t take a message fr .
2."Are yu willing t lend us a hand?" she said t him.
She asked him whether was willing t lend a hand.
He says,“Is Tm a student r a teacher？”→ He asks whether Tm is a student r a teacher.He asked me, "D yu like playing ftball?“→ He asked me if/whether I liked playing ftball.My sister asked me : “ What is yur friend?”→My sister asked me what my friend was.Jack asked me, "Hw d yu like the film?"→Jack asked me hw I liked the film.The slider rdered,“Be quiet.”→ The slider rdered us t be quiet.He said t her,“Open the dr, please.”→He asked her t pen the dr.She says,“I will g t Beijing next mnth.”→She says (that) she will g t Beijing the next mnth.He ften says “ I shall tell yu abut them.” →He ften tells me that he will tell me abut them.
He says, ‘‘ I will d it tmrrw”He says that he will d it tmrrw.
如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态无需变化
如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态要做出相应的改变．
1.“ I am ill tday.” said my mther.
My mther said that she ill that day.
2.“We wrk hard at English.” he said.
He said that they hard at English.
1.They said t me, “We are wrking hard at a cmpany.”
They tld me that they at a cmpany.
were wrking
2.“I am writing a letter nw.”she said.
She said that she a letter then.
was writing
Practice :１. Jhn said, “I like reading adventure stries. ” Jhn said that he _____ reading adventure stries.２. She said t me, “I brke yur CD player. ” She tld me that she ____________ my CD player.３. He said, “I’ll cme here this mrning.” He said he_______ g there that mrning４. He says, “I have finished my hmewrk.” He says that he ___________ his hmewrk. ５. He said, “they are playing games ver there?”    He said that they_______ playing games ver there.
had finished
直接引语转为间接引语时，下列情况下时态不变
１.　直接引语若表示的是客观事实或真理时，变间接引语时时态不变．２.　当引语中的时间状语表示过去某一具体时间时，谓语动词时态不需改变．
1.Our teacher said, “ Light travels much faster than sund.”
Our teacher said that light ______ much faster than sund.
2.“I graduated in 1966.”My brther said.
My brther said that he in 1966.
1.The teacher said t the students, “The earth is rund.” 2. My father said t me, “I was brn in 1961.”
The teacher tld the students that the earth is rund.
My father tld me that he was brn in 1961.
直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：
※直接引语中动词cme在间接引语中用g:
※直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用there：
※直接引语中的指示代词转换规则：this变为that; these变为thse本来就是that/thse则不变。
1. “What des this wrd mean?” she asked me.
She asked me what wrd meant.
2. “Can yu see that map n the wall?” he asked me.
He asked me if I culd see map n the wall.
3. “D yu like these tys?” Jane asked us.
Jane asked us if we liked tys.
4. “Bring thse balls t me.” said my sister.
My sister asked us t bring balls t her.
1. “I like reading adventure stries,” said Jhn. Jhn said that he liked reading adventure stries.2. “I dn’t like cmputers,” Sarah said t her friend. Sarah tld her friends that she didn’t like cmputers.
3. “Ann, have yu seen my blue ntebk?” Peter asked. Peter asked Ann if she had seen his blue ntebk.4. “Hw can yu d that?” Mary said t Ann. Mary asked Ann hw she culd d that.5. “What difference des it make?” Peter asked Jim. Peter asked Jim what difference it made.
1. Jack said t me, “Yu lk wrried tday.” Jack tld me that ___ wrried ___. A. he lks…tday B. yu lk…tday C. we lked…that day D. I lked…that day
Exercise II
2. We said t her, “They’re walking thrugh the street nw.” We tld her that ___ thrugh the street ___. A. we were walking…then B. yu are walking…nw C .they were walking…then D. they walking…nw
3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a lng way this week.” Mr Black said that __ a lng way __. I had walked…that week he had walked…that week I walked…last week he has walked…this week
4. The man thught, “I shall take it back tmrrw.” The man thught that __ take it back ____. A. I shall…tmrrw B. I shall…the next day C. he shuld…tmrrw D. he wuld …the next day
5. They said t us, “Are yu afraid t leave this huse ?” They asked us ____ afraid t leave _____ huse. A. that were we…this B. that we were…that C. if were we …this D. if we were…that
6. Jane said, “What did he hear abut a week ag?” Jane asked ____ abut _____. A. that he heard…a week ag B. what he had heard…the week befre C. what he had herd… a week ag D. if he heard…the week ag
7. She asked, “Whse huse will he break int next time ?” She asked whse huse ____ break int _____. A. will he…next time B. wuld he…the next time C. he wuld…the next time D. he will…next time
8. Jack said t her, “Where d yu spend yur hlidays?” Jack asked her where ____ hlidays. she spent her B. yu spend yur C. she spend her D. yu spent yur
9. Black asked me, “ Why haven’t yu left here yet?” Black asked me why ____ yet. I hadn’t left there B. I haven’t left here C. hadn’t I left there D. haven’t I left here
10. The teacher asked her, “Des the sun rise in the east ?” The teacher asked her ___ the sun ___ in the east. A. if…rise B. if…rises C. whether…rse D. whether did …rise