专题20.完形填空（初高考点差异及衔接）（解析版）-2023年初升高英语无忧衔接

这是一份专题20.完形填空（初高考点差异及衔接）（解析版）-2023年初升高英语无忧衔接，共13页。试卷主要包含了A 考查动词，C 考查名词，C 考查形容词，A 考查动词短语等内容，欢迎下载使用。

完形填空（初高考点差异及衔接）

高中完形填空
题型特点
1. 通常一篇250词左右，夹叙夹议的文章中设空15或20个，首句不挖空；
2.考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出语篇的理解，突出文化背景；
3.干扰项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误，有很大的迷惑作用。
常见失分
1.多数同学考试时担心时间紧，在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-18分钟。
切记：一定要用2-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读，弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空。
2.不注意积累答题技巧：
a.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系；
b.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构，在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随选择。


技法1| 利用上下文暗示解题
在多数空白前后的上下文中，会出现或多或少的设空依据，就是所谓的“伏笔”或“暗示”。学生在阅读过程中会根据这些伏笔或暗示，或顺势对下文进行推测，或逆向对上文进行推导，心中往往能预判出答案，并且在阅读过程中对预判答案不断进行修正。
典例1　I'm an ambitious __40__， and when I started going through chemo (化疗), even though I'm a very 41.positive person, I lost my drive to write.
40．A.reader B．writer
C．editor D．doctor
B　[联系后文中的I lost my drive to write(我失去了写作的动力)可知，作者是一名作家(writer)。reader读者；editor编辑；doctor医生。]
[典例2]　Speaking before groups did help him gain the 50.confidence he needed.By the time Dale was a senior，he had won every top honor in __51__．
51．A.horse－riding B．football
C．speech D．Farming
C　[联系前文“在大庭广众下演说”(Speaking before groups)可知，此处应表示在演讲(speech)中获得荣誉。]
技法2| 利用语义逻辑关系解题
文章的段与段、句与句之间通常具有一定的语义关系，如：并列关系，转折关系，递进关系，因果关系，目的关系，解释关系等。完形填空经常会考查学生对文章中的这些语义关系的把握。因此，理清文章的语义关系是解题的关键。
[典例1]　One day, while waiting to go in for 43.treatment,_I had one of Dr.Bernie's books in my hand.Another patient 44.noticed what I was reading and struck up a conversation with me __45__ he had one of his books with him as well.
45.A.while B．because
C．Although D．Providing
B　[前文说另一位病人注意到“我”读的书并开始和“我”聊天，后面提到“他也有Dr.Bernie的一本书”，由此可知两者之间存在因果关系，故选because。while当……的时候；although尽管；虽然；providing假如，如果。]
[典例2]　He unfortunately 52.passed_away last year due to his cancer, __53__ he left a deep impression on me and gave me the 54.inspiration to pick up my pen again.
53.A.since B．but
C．so D．for
B　[前文讲“我”的病友因癌症去世，后文说“给‘我’留下了很深的印象……”，可见前后文是转折关系，故选but。since自……以来；so因此；for因为。]
技法3| 利用词语习惯搭配解题
完形填空经常在文章中考查词语的习惯搭配，主要考查动词与名词、代词之间，动词、名词、形容词与介词之间的搭配。熟悉并掌握固定搭配是解题的重要手段。
[典例1]　I __55__ to myself，“If he can do it, then so can I．”
55.A.promised B．swore
C．thought D．replied
C　[联系后面的话可知，此处应该是作者自己的感慨：我心想，“如果他能做到，那么我也能。”think to oneself是固定搭配，意为“心中想”。promise承诺；swear发誓；reply回答。]
[典例2]　He tried __42__ the football team，but the coach turned him down for being too 43.light．
42.A.on B．for
C．in D．with
B　[此句表达他争取(try for)参加足球队，但因为其自身原因被教练拒绝了。 try for是固定搭配。]
技法4| 利用词汇复现解题
完形填空的文章虽短，但却是一个意义完整、上下关联的语篇，所讨论的是同一主题，所以行文中的替代现象和词语重复是不可避免的。词汇的复现是指某一词以原词、指代词、同义词、反义词、概括词等出现在语篇中，句子通过这种复现得到了相互衔接。完形填空的某个空白处的答案可能就是上下文复现的相关词，据此可快速找出正确答案。
[典例1]　“No，it's too long and it doesn't have any __49__，”complained Lainey.
“Oh，that's where you are 50.wrong;_there are lots of pictures.Every page is full of pictures; you just have to read the words to 51.see them.It's like magic.”
“Nice try，Aunt Dede，” Lainey replied 52.sourly from the back seat.
Another __53__ was in order.“Well，if you don't want to read it，give it 54.back．Maybe your mom would 55.enjoy hearing the story.” The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud.By the end of the first chapter，56.requests were coming from the back seat: “Please read a little 57.louder．”,
49.A.pictures B．stories
C．Adventures D．conversations
53．A.idea B．try
C．Belief D．behavior
解析：49和53题可使用词汇复现法来解题。由50题后的there are lots of pictures可以看出，Lainey 抱怨书中没有插图(picture)，故选A。根据前文的Nice try可知53题应为try，故选B。
技法5| 利用情景排除法解题
完形填空的某些设空在文章的上下文中是找不到“伏笔”或“暗示”的，这时就要求学生对空白前后的情景进行合理想象，然后用排除法确定正确选项，因为四个选项中必有一正确选择。
[典例1]Another 53.try was in order.“Well，if you don't want to read it，give it 54.back．Maybe your mom would __55__ hearing the story.”The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud.By the end of the first chapter，__56__ were coming from the back seat：“Please read a little 57.louder．”
55．A.enjoy B．admit
C．mind D．finish
56．A.decisions B．requests
C．comments D．promises
解析：55和56题在文中找不到伏笔或暗示，但根据前后的情景还是能推出答案的。55空前面说让小孩把书归还，“或许你的妈妈喜欢(enjoy)听这个故事”，故选A；56空后面的“Please read a little __57.louder__．”应该是请求(request)，故56题选B。
[典例2]　Where do you go when you want to learn something？School？A friend？A tutor？These are all__21__places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want __22__ somewhere else instead.I had the 23.chance of seeing this first hand on a 24.weekend．
21．A.public B．traditional
C．official D．special
22．A.passes B．works
C．lies D．ends
解析：结合生活常识可知，“School? A friend? A tutor？”指的应是传统(traditional)的学习方式。故21题选B。“但很可能你真正想要学习的却在(lies)其他某个地方”，故22题选C。
技法6| 利用词法和句法结构解题
完形填空会有个别设空是考查在语境中灵活运用所学语法和句法结构的能力，辨析同义词、近义词的能力。正确分析句子的语法成分和结构，具备扎实的词汇基础知识是解题的关键。
[典例1]　When we handed him the bag of 52.food，he lit up and thanked us with__53__eyes.When I handed him the gift card，saying he could use it for__54__his family might need，he burst into tears.
53.A.sleepy B．watery
C．curious D．sharp
54．A.whoever B．whatever
C．whichever D．whenever
解析：53题考查词义辨析。四个词都可以修饰eyes，但通过thanked我们可推知应是感动得眼睛湿润(watery)了，故选B。54题考查句法结构，介词for后面为宾语从句，引导词引导宾语从句且在从句中作need的宾语，应用代词whatever，故选B。
[典例2]　We finally did and it was 20.love at first sight.It was Our Home，small and charming，overlooking a quiet lake.Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners，a nice elderly couple，we felt the warmth and __21__ of the marriage within that home.As perfect as it was，the price remained too high for us.But every day，we would sit by the lake，looking at the house and dreaming of __22__ it would be like to live there.
21.A.pride B．happiness
C．Challenge D．desire
22．A.which B．why
C．that D．what
解析：21题考查词义辨析。由空前的warmth and可知此空应该填与warmth并列的词且都是表积极态度的词，选项中只有happiness符合，故选B。22题考查句法结构，此空格引导介词of的宾语从句，且从句中缺少介词like的宾语，应选what，故选D。

一

　　Every year about 40,000 people attempt to① climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They　41　with them lots of waste. The　42　might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the　43　of Kilimanjaro. 
Hearing these stories, I’m　44　about the place—other destinations are described as “purer”natural experiences. 
However, I soon　45　that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of　46　among tons of② rubbish. I find a　47　mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are　48　but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be　49　. 
The best of a Kilimanjaro　50　, in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 　51　as spiritual places by many cultures. This　52　is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as　53　go through③ five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly④ at 3,000 meters,　54　lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather　55　—low clouds envelop⑤ the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I　56　twelve shades⑥ of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland　57　:gravel(砾石), stones and rocks.　58　you climb into an arctic-like zone with　59　snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. 
Does Kilimanjaro　60　its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace?I found the opposite to be true. 
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　
41.A.keep B.mix C.connect D.bring
42.A.stories B.buildings C.crowds D.reporters
43.A.position B.age C.face D.name
44.A.silent B.skeptical⑦ C.serious D.crazy
45.A.discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate
46.A.equipment B.grass C.camps D.stones
47.A.remote B.quiet C.tall D.clean
48.A.new B.special C.significant⑧ D.necessary
49.A.paying off B.spreading out C.blowing up D.fading away
50.A.atmosphere B.experience C.experiment D.sight
51.A.studied B.observed C.explored D.regarded
52.A.view B.quality C.reason D.purpose
53.A.scientists B.climbers C.locals D.officials
54.A.holding on to B.going back to C.living up to D.giving way to
55.A.changes B.clears C.improves D.permits
56.A.match B.imagine C.count D.add
57.A.village B.desert C.road D.lake
58.A.Obviously B.Easily C.Consequently D.Finally
59.A.permanent B.little C.fresh D.artificial
60.A.enjoy B.deserve C.save D.acquire
首段作者介绍了一则传言,即每年大约有4万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山,他们带来了垃圾,破坏了这里的环境。
①企图做某事


第2、3、4段作者介绍了自己为了核实有关乞力马扎罗山的环境情况,亲自参观该地的经历。

②大量的
③经历
④adv.突然地
⑤[熟词生义]v.包住,裹住,盖住
⑥n.(颜色的)浓淡,色度


最后一段作者根据自己的亲眼所见,对该地环境做出了客观的评价。
⑦adj.怀疑的


⑧adj.显著的,有重大意义的

41.D 考查动词。句意：他们随身带来了(bring)大量的垃圾。A：保持，遵守；B：(使)混合；C：连接，联合。
42.C 考查名词。根据第一句话可知，每年大约有4万人来到这里，故答案为C项。句意：这些人群(crowds)可能会破坏这个地方的美丽。A：故事；B：建筑物；D：记者。
43.C 考查名词。句意：（山上的）冰川正在消失，改变了乞力马扎罗山的外观特征(face)。A：位置，职位；B：年龄，时代；D：名字。
44.B 考查形容词。根据后文的描述可知，作者对这里被破坏得面目全非的故事将信将疑(be skeptical about)，故选B项。句意：听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑……A：沉默的，不出声的；C：认真的，严肃的，严重的；D：疯狂的，着迷的。
45.A 考查动词。句意：然而，自从那些天的关于被大量垃圾包围的营地的让人不安的报道以来，我不久就发现(discover)这件事发生了很大的改变。B：争论，辩论；C：决定；D：提倡，拥护。
46.C 考查名词。根据语境，此处应该是那些登山者在山上的营地（camps）。结合下句话中的with toilets at camps也可知答案为C项。
47.D 考查形容词。结合后文对这座山的环境的改变的描述可知，这座山并不是垃圾遍地，而是干干净净的(clean)。句意：我看到的是一座干净的山，营地和路边都有厕所。
48.C 考查形容词。环境挑战是非常重大的(significant)。A：新的；B：特殊的，专用的；D：必要的，必需的。
49.A 考查动词短语。但是坦桑尼亚国家公园当局所付出的努力好像正在得到回报(paying off)。B：分散；C：爆发，爆炸；D：衰弱。
50.B 考查名词。句意：在我看来，攀登乞力马扎罗山的经历(experience)中最好的并不是爬到山顶。A：大气层，氛围；C：实验；D：景象，视力。
51.D 考查动词。句意：山被许多文化看作是(be regarded as)精神所在地。A：学习，研究；B：观察，遵守；C：探索。
52.A 考查名词。当登山者在爬山的几公里内就能穿越五个生态系统时，看到的这种景象(view)在这座山上特别明显。B：质量，素质；C：原因，理由；D：目的，意图。
53.B 考查名词。根据上文可知，此处是指那些登山者(climbers)亲眼看到的景象。
54.D 考查动词短语。在山底是热带雨林。热带雨林在海拔3千米的地方戛然而止，给低矮的植物让路了。D：为……让路；A：抓住不放；B：返回；C：达到，不辜负。
55.A 考查动词。再往上攀登，天气就发生了改变(changes)。B：清除，使干净；C：改善，提高；D：允许，许可。
56.C 考查动词。句意：从我站立的地方我数到了(count)12种深浅不一的绿色。A：比得上，使相配；B：想象；D：增加。
57.B 考查名词。句意：在海拔4千米以上是由砾石、石头和岩石组成的高地沙漠(desert)。这里只有各种各样的石头，没有绿色，称得上是一片沙漠了。
58.D 考查副词。最后(Finally)，你会爬到一个区域里，这里有常年不化的(permanent)雪和可能会很快消失的冰川。A：明显地，显而易见地；B：容易地；C：因此，结果。
59.A 考查形容词。A:永久的；B：很少的，很小的；C：新鲜的，清新的；D：人造的。
60.B 考查动词。乞力马扎罗山应该得到(deserve)一座挤满了破坏这里祥和氛围的游客的高山这个名声吗？我认为相反的描述才是正确的。A：享受，喜欢；C：拯救，挽救，保存；D：获得，习得。
二
真题再现
　　Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 　1　. He learned the value and beauty of 　2　 there from a very young age. 
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 　3　 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 　4　 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 　5　, the number of snakes had declined as well.He 　6　 that it was because there weren?t enough trees to protect them from the 　7　. The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 　8　 during the daytime. He turned to the 　9　 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 　10　 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 
　11　 young plants in the dry season was 　12　 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 　13　 of each sapling (幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 　14　 rainwater. The water would then drip (滴落) on the plants below. 
Molai 　15　 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 　　　　　　　
1.A.dream　　　　B.job　　　　C.home　　　　D.choice
2.A.nature　　　　B.youth　　　　C.culture　　　　D.knowledge
3.A.precious　　　　B.interesting　　　　C.disturbing　　　　D.awkward
4.A.waste　　　　B.tension　　　　C.pain　　　　D.damage
5.A.Besides　　　　B.However　　　　C.Therefore　　　　D.Otherwise
6.A.agreed　　　　B.realized　　　　C.remembered　　　　D.predicted
7.A.noise　　　　B.heat　　　　C.disease　　　　D.dust
8.A.directions　　　　B.partners　　　　C.help　　　　D.shelter
9.A.labor　　　　B.police　　　　C.forest　　　　D.finance
10.A.rebuilt　　　　B.discovered　　　　C.left　　　　D.managed
11.A.Decorating　　　　B.Observing　　　　C.Watering　　　　D.Guarding
12.A.tough　　　　B.illegal　　　　C.fantastic　　　　D.beneficial
13.A.back　　　　B.top　　　　C.foot　　　　D.side
14.A.cool down　　　　B.keep off　　　　C.purify　　　　D.collect
15.A.returned　　　　B.learned　　　　C.failed　　　　D.continued
【素养解读】本文主题语境内容为环境保护,旨在引导学生增强环保意识,积极参与社会实践活动。
【语篇解读】一场水灾使一片有着鸟语花香的湿地变得荒芜,莫莱用了37年的时间植树造林,使这里重新成为动植物的家园。
【重点词汇】
1.decline /dɪˈklaɪn/v.减少;下降
2.solution /səˈluːʃn/n.解决办法
3.seek /siːk/v.寻求;谋求;争取
4.result in导致;造成
【难句分析】Molai built at the top of each sapling a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to collect rainwater.莫莱在每棵幼树的顶部建造了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置了带有小孔的陶罐来收集雨水。
本句为主从复合句。句中where引导定语从句,修饰先行词platform,where在从句中作地点状语;介词短语with small holes作定语,修饰名词pots;不定式to collect rainwater作目的状语。
【高效解题】
1.C　考查名词。莫莱在印度的一个小村庄长大,这个村庄坐落在一些湿地附近,那里成为他的第二个家园(home)。 A:梦,梦想;B:工作;D:选择。
2.A　考查名词。句意:他很小就认识到了那里大自然(nature)的价值和美丽。B:青年,青春;C:文化;D:知识。
3.C　考查形容词。句意:当他16岁的时候,莫莱开始注意到他家的周围发生了一些令人不安的(disturbing)事情。由下文可知,洪水破坏了此地的自然环境,使动物在湿地上无法生存,所以令人不安。A:宝贵的;B:有趣的;D:令人尴尬的,笨拙的。
4.D　考查名词。句意:那年早些时候,一场洪水袭击了该地区,造成的破坏(damage)使许多鸟类被迫离开。A:废物;B:紧张;C:痛苦。
5.A　考查副词。句意:此外(besides),蛇的数量也下降了。B:然而;C:所以;D:否则。
6.B　考查动词。句意:他意识到(realize)这是因为没有足够的树木来保护它们免受高温。A:同意;C:记得,记住;D:预料。
7.B　考查名词。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来保护它们免受高温(heat)。由上文可知水灾破坏了湿地的植被,毁坏了湿地的自然环境,使动物在白天因为太热无处藏身。A:噪音;C:疾病;D:灰尘。
8.D　考查名词。句意:当然,解决办法是种树,以便这些动物可以在白天寻求庇护(shelter)。A:方向;B:伙伴,搭档;C:帮助。
9.C　考查名词。句意:他向森林(forest)部门寻求帮助,但被告知那里什么都不会生长。A:劳动;B:警察;D:金融。
10.B　考查动词。句意:然而,莫莱独自去看了看,发现(discover)了附近的一个岛屿,在那里他开始种树。 A:重建;C:离开,剩下;D:经营,管理。
11.C　考查非谓语动词。句意:在旱季浇灌(watering)幼小的植物对一个孤单的男孩来说是艰难的。A:装饰,点缀;B:观察,遵守;D:保卫,守护。
12.A　考查形容词。句意:在旱季浇灌幼小的植物对一个孤单的男孩来说是艰难的(tough)。B:违法的;C:极好的,怪诞的;D:有益的。
13.B　考查名词。句意:莫莱在每棵幼树的顶部(top)建造了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置了带有小孔的陶罐来收集雨水。A:背面,后面;C:底部;D:侧面。
14.D　考查动词及动词短语。句意:莫莱在每棵幼树的顶部建造了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置了带有小孔的陶罐来收集(collect)雨水。A:变凉;B:不接近;C:使纯净,净化。
15.D　考查动词。莫莱在接下来的37年里继续(continue)植树,他的努力已经使得1,360英亩自然生长的土地成为许多植物和动物的家园。A:回来;B:学习;C:衰退,失败。


Throughout my life, I was never very athletic. I wasn?t really into 　1　, sports or conflict. The only activities I enjoyed were 　2　 things like watching TV and playing computer games. 
It was during my junior year in high school that I realized I needed a 　3　. My friends were joining the long distance running club and also invited me to do it. At my school, there were no qualification 　4　;every student was accepted. 
As everyone gathered around on the first day of practice, the　5　announced it was time for “warm-up”. I imagined the warm-up would be a　6　jog around the 400-metre track. I soon　7　it was a 1-km run. After completing the run, I was　8　! I wondered, “If that?s the warm-up, what?s next?” The real workout for the day was a 5-km run, which I mostly walked. When I came home, I really considered　9　. However, I　10　 myself to keep at it and try harder. 
Of course, there was no real improvement　11　. I always came in last during practice and the first few　12　. As days and weeks went on, I really tried my best. During practice, I would always keep at the　13　of the group; the fastest, more confident runners were always ahead, while the laziest were behind. As the result of my　14　, the warm-up became a real warm-up. The 5-km run transformed into an　15　day of practice. And I was no longer last in anything we did. For a former couch potato, like me, this was a success. 
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.A.rules　　　　 B.arts　　　　 C.competition　　　　 D.schoolwork
2.A.endless　　　　 B.pointless　　　　 C.important　　　　 D.challenging
3.A.change　　　　 B.rest　　　　 C.team　　　　 D.result
4.A.trials　　　　　　 B.alternatives C.opportunities　　　 D.reasons
5.A.competitor　　　　B.coach　　　　 C.reporter　　　　 D.referee
6.A.hard　　　　 B.boring　　　　 C.practical　　　　 D.casual
7.A.decided　　　　 B.suspected　　　　 C.realized　　　　 D.agreed
8.A.sent off　　　 B.taken away C.turned down　　 D.worn out
9.A.complaining　 B.quitting C.crying　　　　　　 D.refreshing
10.A.convinced　　 B.taught C.sent　　　　　　 D.helped
11.A.actually　　 B.gradually C.separately　　 D.instantly
12.A.performances　 B.presentations C.races　　　　　　 D.steps
13.A.middle　　　　 B.top　　　　 C.front　　　　 D.bottom
14.A.inspiration　 B.determination C.loyalty　　　　　　 D.contribution
15.A.unimaginable　 B.avoidable C.easy　　　　　　 D.optional
[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文,主题语境为人与自我。作者过去喜欢看电视和玩电脑游戏,现在决心改变自己,于是参加了长跑俱乐部,而且通过不断努力终于不再是最后一名。
1.C　根据下文sports or conflict可知作者不喜欢比赛、运动等事情。rule规则;art艺术;competition竞争,比赛;schoolwork课外作业。
2.B　句意:我唯一喜欢的活动是像看电视和玩电脑游戏之类没有意义的事情。endless无穷无尽的;pointless无意义的;important重要的;challenging挑战的。
3.A　根据下文作者加入了长跑俱乐部可知,作者意识到自己需要改变自己。句意:就在我上高中三年级的时候,我意识到我需要改变自我。
4.A　根据下文every student was accepted可知,参加俱乐部没有资格考验,谁都可以加入。trial考验,试验;alternative选择;opportunity机会;reason理由。
5.B　句意:当大家在训练的第一天聚在一起时,教练宣布是时候热身了。competitor竞争者;coach教练;reporter记者;referee裁判员。
6.D　根据下文around the 400-metre track可知,作者一开始以为热身就只是围绕400米跑道进行的随意慢跑。hard努力的;boring无聊的;practical实际的;casual随便的。
7.C　根据下文it was a 1-km run可知,作者很快意识到这是一次1公里的跑步。decide决定;suspect怀疑;realize意识到;agree同意。
8.D　作者第一次参加训练就跑了一公里,因此跑完后,疲惫不堪,累坏了。send off寄出;take away拿走;turn down关小;wear out使疲乏。
9.B　根据下文...myself to keep at it and try harder可知,作者回到家考虑过放弃,但是又说服了自己继续坚持。complain抱怨;quit放弃;cry哭泣;refresh提醒。
10.A　解析见上题。convince说服;teach教授;send邮寄;help帮助。
11.D　根据下文I always came in last可知,作者的长跑并没有立即出现进步和改善。actually实际上;gradually逐步地;separately分别地;instantly立即。
12.C　根据上文during practice and the first few可知,练习赛还有前几场比赛,作者总是最后一名。performance表演;presentation展示;race比赛;step台阶。
13.A　根据上下文可知,作者既不是跑在最前面的,也不是最后面的,作者在队伍的中间。at the middle of 在……中间。 句意:在练习中,我总是保持在这个群体中间;跑得最快、最自信的人总是跑在前面,而最懒的人总是在后面。
14.B　根据上文As days and weeks went on, I really tried my best可知,作者不断尽最大努力,由于作者的决心,一公里热身变成了真正的热身。inspiration灵感;determination决心;loyalty忠诚;contribution贡献。
15.C　根据上文warm-up became a real warm-up.可知,作者有了进步,热身变成了真正的热身,5公里跑变成了轻松的一天练习。unimaginable不可思议的;avoidable可避免的;easy容易的;optional可选择的。