专题16.名词性从句（初高考点差异及衔接）（原卷版）-2023年初升高英语无忧衔接

名词性从句（初高考点差异及衔接）

【初中宾语从句考点聚焦】

一．宾语从句

1.Find out 　　　 those things are, think hard about who you want to be, and then show yourself honestly to the people around you. 

2.—Do you know　　　the Smiths left Shanghai? 

—I’m not sure about the date. I only remember it was a Sunday.

3.—It’s said that the new highway has been completed.

—Yes,but we don’t know　　　 it’s to be opened to traffic soon. 

二、单项选择

1.—Did you notice 　　　 in her office? 

—Yes. She was going over our writing.

A.what was Miss Lin doing   B.what Miss Lin was doing

C.what does Miss Lin do   D.what Miss Lin does

2.—Dear friends, do you still remember 　　　 three years ago? 

—To realize our dreams!

A.why you came here B.why did you come here

C.how you came here D.how did you come here

3.—Alice, could you tell me 　　　 London? 

—Sure. Last Sunday.

A.when Mr. Smith left    B.when Mr. Smith will leave

C.when did Mr. Smith leave   D.when will Mr. Smith leave

4.—Hi, Ken. Did Mrs. Zhang tell us　　　? 

—Yes. She said we should meet there at nine.

A.which was the way to the station    B.why we should meet at the station

C.when we should get to the station    D.who we should meet at the station

5.—Judy, could you tell me 　　　 the schoolbag? 

—Oh, yes. I bought it in a store on the Internet.

A.where did you buy B.where will you buy

C.where you bought D.where you will buy

【高中名词性从句考点聚焦】

考纲解读

名词性从句是高考常考的语法项目, 主要考查对连接词的正确把握。分析历年高考试题不难发现, 连接代词what的用法是考查的热点。另外, 在同位语从句中, 经常考查that的用法。除此之外, 其他连接词的用法以及从句的语序也时有考查。同时还要弄清名词性从句与定语从句及状语从句的区别。

考点清单

考点1 主语从句

1. that连接主语从句时,  没有具体意思,  不充当句子成分,  只是起连接作用,  但that不能省略。what引导时,  既要在从句中充当成分,  又要有意义。

*It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.

我从来没想到你会成功地说服他改变主意。

2. whether连接从句时,  表示怀疑,  不能省略,  意为“是否”,  在句首时不能用if替换。

*It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.

旧公交车站是否应该被重建为现代化的宾馆的问题仍然在商讨中。

3. 连接代词、连接副词引导主语从句时不能省略,  并在从句中充当句子成分。

*It was never clear why the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.

这个人为什么没有尽快报道这个事故,  还不清楚。

4. 主语从句要用陈述语序,  即主谓语序。

【点津】(1)用it作形式主语的常用句型有: 

①It+系动词+形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/ wrong/important/certain等)+that从句

②It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)+that从句

③It+be+过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)+that从句

④It+特殊动词(seems,  appears,  happens,  matters)+that从句

*It is a pity that I missed the party held last night.

很遗憾我错过了昨晚举行的聚会。

*It is reported that the accident was caused by carelessness.

据报道,  该事故源于(司机的)粗心(驾驶)。

(2)在It is necessary/important/suggested/advised/ ordered+that从句结构中,  从句用“(should+)动词原形”。

用适当的连词填空

______ students do at college seems to matter much more than where they go.  

解题关键: 根据语境可知, 此处为主语从句, 从句中动词do没有宾语, 应用what。

答案判定: What

考点2 宾语从句

1. that连接宾语从句时通常可以省略(但多个并列的宾语从句中只能省略第一个that),  没有具体的意思,  不充当句子成分,  只是起连接作用。what引导时,  既要在从句中充当成分,  又有意义。

*I’m writing to tell you that my uncle is going to your city for a conference.

我写信是想告诉你, 我叔叔要去你的城市开会。

2. 在whether/if连接的宾语从句中,  whether/if意为“是否”, 但在whether. . . or not结构中,  或者whether引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语时,  以及whether+to do结构中和whether引导的从句作少数动词(如leave,  put,  discuss,  doubt等)的宾语时,  只能用whether,  不能用if来替换。

*We’ve offered her the job,  but I don’t know whether she’ll accept it. 我们已经为她提供了这份工作,  但我不知道她是否会接受。

*I don’t know whether to leave or not.

我不知道是否要离开。

3. 连接代词、连接副词引导宾语从句时不能省略,  并在从句中充当句子成分。

*Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 老师总是告诉我们,  如果想要成功,  就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们是谁。

4. 有些动词或动词短语,  如like,  appreciate,  depend on,  see to等,  一般不直接跟从句,  需要借助it。

*You may depend on it that she will go with you.

你可以相信她会与你一起去。

5. 当主句的主语是第一人称时,  在think,  believe,  suppose,  expect等动词后的宾语从句若是否定的,  就运用否定转移,  将否定词转移到主句谓语动词上。

*I don’t believe she will attend the meeting.

我认为她不会来参加该会议。

6. it作形式宾语,  真正的宾语后置, it后面必须有名词或形容词作宾语补足语, 常用此种结构的及物动词有find,  make,  think,  feel,  consider等。

*I find it important that we should keep calm in face of danger. 我发现我们在危险面前保持镇静是很重要的。

7. 不论主句为何种句型,  宾语从句都用陈述语序。

So,  slow down and think ______you really want to do at that moment.  

解题关键: 根据语境可知, 此处为宾语从句, 其中do缺少宾语, 应用代词what。

答案判定: what

考点3 表语从句

1.  that连接表语从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句,  that不能省略,  没有具体的意思,  不充当句子成分,  只是起连接作用。what引导时,  既要在从句中充当成分,  又有意义。

*The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things.

最后的结果是, 我们感觉我们没能集中注意力或我们关注的是错误的事情。

2. whether连接表语从句时从句来源于一般疑问句,  为一个句意完整、语气不确定的陈述句。whether不能省略,  意为“是否”,  不能用if替换。

*His question is whether they can be friends.

他的问题是, 他们能否成为朋友。

3. 连接代词、连接副词引导表语从句时连接词不能省略,  并在从句中充当句子成分。

*I’d like to start my own business—that’s what I’d do if I had the money. 如果我有这么多钱,  我会自己做买卖,  那就是我想做的事情。

4. 表语从句要用陈述语序,  即主谓语序。

【点津】常见的表语从句句型

(1)It looks/seems as if. . . 好像……;  仿佛……

(2)This is because. . . 这是因为……(强调原因)

(3)The reason why. . . is that. . . ……的原因是……

(4)That is why. . . 那就是……的原因(强调结果)

(5)The question/problem is whether/when/where. . . 问题是……

(6)His dream/suggestion/aim/purpose is that. . .

他的梦想/建议/目标/目的是……

(7)what从句+be+that从句

例如:  What surprised us most was that he came late again.

单句语法填空

This is ______motivation or the lack of it can do.  

解题关键: 根据语境可知, 此处为表语从句, 其中表语从句缺少宾语, 应用what。

答案判定: what

考点4 同位语从句

　　在名词性从句中,  同位语从句是比较难理解的一种从句,  需要注意掌握其以下可能考查的方向。

1. that连接同位语从句时, 从句为一个句意完整的陈述句,  that不能省略,  没有具体的意思,  不充当句子成分,  只起连接作用。what引导时,  既要在从句中充当成分,  又有意义。另外,  注意定语从句中的引导词that也要在从句中作成分(主语、宾语)。

*When the news came that the war broke out,  he decided to serve in the army.

当战争爆发的消息传来时,  他决定到军队中服役。

2. 连接代词、连接副词引导同位语从句时连接词不能省略,  并在从句中充当句子成分。

*The question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。

3. 同位语从句要用陈述语序,  即主谓语序。

单句语法填空

The opinion ______learning is a lifelong process has been expressed by education experts throughout the years.   

解题关键: 根据语境可知, 句中 learning is a lifelong process为the opinion的同位语从句, 表明其内容, 且该同位语从句成分和意思完整, 应用that引导。

答案判定: that

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

1. If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate           is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.

2. We must find out           Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.

3. A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not            ships are built for.

4. You have to know            you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.

5. Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for             Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.

6. I suggest            you begin from Beijing, and I’ll show you around.

7. Who cares               people think wrongly that the Internet has had more important influences than the washing machine?

8. I’m not sure            is more frightened,  me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere.

Ⅱ.  单句改错

1. Seeing that was happening on the scene,  I made a rush for the woman to help.  

2. My math teacher copied a challenging problem on the blackboard and asked the whole class whether there would be one student who knew what to work it out.              

3. After five hours’ drive,  they reached where they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of.  

4. Many parents are wondering what it is what draws their sons’ attention on the QQ chat on the Internet.  

5. Everyone agreed to his suggestion which we should hold a meeting to talk about the problem.