进阶练08 虚拟语气（最新名校真题）50题专练-【全优新高考】2024年新高考英语一轮总复习培优全攻略（上海专用）（解析版）

这是一份进阶练08 虚拟语气（最新名校真题）50题专练-【全优新高考】2024年新高考英语一轮总复习培优全攻略（上海专用）（解析版），共13页。试卷主要包含了单项选择等内容，欢迎下载使用。
进阶练08 虚拟语气（最新名校真题）50题专练（解析版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、单项选择
1．They urged that the library _________ open during the vacation.
A．must be kept B．is kept C．would be kept D．be kept
2．________ the fog, we should have reached our school.
A．Because of B．In spite of C．In case of D．But for
3．The doctor recommended that you _____ swim after eating a large meal.
A．wouldn’t B．couldn’t
C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
4．I would love _____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A．to go B．to have gone
C．going D．having gone
5．The director commanded that everyone ________his advice.
A．must follow B．followed
C．had followed D．follow
6．【2018·江苏】There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I  _______ a second chance to become more involved.
A．had B．will have
C．would have had D．have had
7．【2018·北京】They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.
A．drove B．would drive
C．were to drive D．had driven
8．What a sunny day! How I wish I __________ on the beach enjoying the sunshine now!
A．were B．had been
C．would be D．should be
9．What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.
A．had B．will have C．would have had D．had had
10．It is requested that the meeting ______ postponed.
A．be B．can be C．may be D．shall be
11．The doctor insisted that I ______ a high fever and that I ______ a rest for a few days.
A．had; had B．have; have C．had; have D．have; had
12．He suggested to Jane that she _____ the problem another way, and her expression suggested that she _____.
A．solve; agreed B．solve; agree
C．solved; should agree D．solved; agreed
13．________ he seen you yesterday, he _____________ your book.
A．Has; will have returned B．Had; will have returned
C．Had; would have returned D．Has; would have returned
14．If he _____quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn’t suffer so much now.
A．lies B．lay C．had lain D．should lie
15．--- Do you feel like ________ out?
--- No. I’d rather we ________ the metro train.
A．to drive; take B．to drive; took C．driving; take D．driving; took
16．She required at the meeting that measures ________ to protect the environment which we rely on to live.
A．should take B．must take C．could be taken D．be taken
17．If the contest ________ tomorrow, I would probably go to see it.
A．is to take place B．were to take place
C．was taken place D．would take place
18．The soldier remembers everything exactly as if it_______ yesterday.
A．was happening B．happens C．has happened D．happened
19．—Would you mind being charged for WeChat, Mary?
—Certainly. I ________WeChat if I had to pay now.
A．would drop B．will drop C．will have dropped D．would have dropped
20．If there were not so many new words, the text ________ much easier.
A．will be B．would have been C．could have been D．would be
21．If I ________ time,I would go to the park with my classmates.
A．have B．will have C．had D．have had
22．He is always seeking excuses for the debt, but I'd rather he __________ it off as early as possible.
A．would pay B．would have paid C．had paid D．paid
23．The teacher requests he ________in homework every morning.
A．hand B．to hand C．hands D．handed
24．When the earthquake happened, it seemed ________the world were coming to an end.
A．that B．as
C．if D．as if
25．Sue likes going to the shops and always spends money ______ there was no tomorrow.
A．even if B．as if C．as long as D．as soon as
26．Look at the situation I’m in. If only I ________ your advice earlier!
A．took B．would take C．had taken D．should take
27．If he ________ to the teacher attentively yesterday, he ________ the answer to the problem now.
A．had listened; would have known B．listened; would know
C．listened; would have known D．had listened; would know
28．If he had not gone out in the storm, he ________ alive now.
A．will be B．would be C．would have been D．is
29．I advised that he ________ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he ________ quite well then.
A．was sent; felt B．be sent; was feeling
C．be sent; feel D．should be sent; should feel
30．It is entirely appropriate that his music_____at this festival
A．plays B．is played C．be played D．will play
31．Johnson suggested the problem worth paying attention ________ at the meeting.
A．to be discussed B．to been discussed
C．being discussed D．should be discussed
32．He insisted what he did ______ right and the man who had spoken ill of him _____.
A．was; be punished B．be; was punished
C．was; was punished D．be; be punished
33．（2017•天津） —Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes. Otherwise, I ______able to reach her yesterday.
A．hadn’t been B．wouldn’t have been
C．weren’t D．wouldn’t be
34．He _____ his potential had it not been for his desire to meet new challenges.
A．would never have realized B．would never realize
C．never realized D．had never realized
35．The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential ________for that.
A．for us to be prepared B．that we are prepared
C．of us to be prepared D．our being prepared
36．All the doctors insisted that he __________ badly wounded and that he __________ at once.
A．should be, be operated on B．were, must be operated on
C．was, should be operated D．was, be operated on
37．_______ the severe air pollution, it’s time we _______ measures to arouse people’s awareness of environmental protection.
A．On account of; take B．Despite; should take
C．Account for; should take D．Due to; took
38．We didn’t know you were in trouble at that time, otherwise we ________ you a hand.
A．gave B．had given C．would give D．would have given
39．I suggest that the person________ put into prison.
A．refer to
B．referred to be
C．referring to should be
D．referred to was
40．________ his phone number yesterday, I would have called him up.
A．Should he know B．Were I to know C．Had I known D．Have I known
41．It seemed as if the world________ to an end.
A．is coming B．were coming C．was coming D．has come
42．—Why didn’t you buy the gold ring?
—I ______ but I didn’t have the money.
A．would have B．bought C．would like to D．had bought
43．（2017•江苏） _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A．It were B．Were it
C．It was D．Was it
44．I’ll give ____ to your suggestion that we ____ a party in honor of the experienced professor.
A．much thought; hold B．many thoughts; should hold
C．much thought; will hold D．some thought; can hold
45．The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the time.
A．accomplished B．had accomplished
C．would accomplish D．would have accomplished
46．If it ________ for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
A．had not been B．should not be
C．were not D．should not have been
47．We should take into account students’ suggestion that the school library ______ more books on popular science.
A．provide B．provided C．providing D．provides
48．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it __________.
A．was broken B．has broken C．were broken D．had been broken
49．But for my casual attitude, I wouldn’t have been dismissed and ________ with my colleagues on the project now.
A．might have worked B．would be working C．were to work D．had worked
50．Without gravity（重力), we ________ walk on the ground as freely as we do now.
A．couldn't B．mustn't C．shan't D．needn't

参考答案：
1．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他们强烈要求图书馆在假期开放。本句谓语动词urge，意为“竭力主张，强烈要求”，后接宾语从句时，从句需用should+动词原形，should可以省略，可填(should) be kept。故选D项。
2．D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：要不是大雾，我们本应该到了学校。A.Because of由于，因为；B.In spite of 尽管；C.In case of以防，万一；D.But for 要不是，but for通常用于含蓄条件句中，相当于if条件句的用法，主句中使用虚拟语气。根据后句“we should have reached our school（我们本应该到了学校）”可知，要不是大雾，我们本应该到了学校。故选D。
3．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议你饭后不要游泳。recommend表“建议”时，宾语从句要使用should + 动原，should 可以省略。故选D。
4．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：昨晚我本想去参加聚会，但我需要加班完成一个报告。结合语境可知，此处表示“本想做某事但未做”应用would love to have done。故选B。
5．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：主任命令大家听从他的劝告。command后跟的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，即(should) do。用(should) follow。故选D。

6．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活，并且我希望我再有一次机会去更多的参与。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句用一般过去时。故选A。
点睛：本题考查wish引导的虚拟语气。由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气：1．用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。2．用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。3．wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +done。分析此题需抓住前句There is a good social life in the village的时态是一般现在时，可以判断出此题wish用于表示现在不可能实现的愿望。
7．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知，该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if ____ a few more kilometers是条件句部分，表示对过去的虚拟，条件句部分要用过去完成时态，故D选项正确。
点睛：1. 表示对现在的虚拟：if条件句用一般过去时，主句用would/might/could/should+do；2. 表示对过去的虚拟：if条件句用过去完成时，主句用would/might/could/should+have done；3. 表示对将来的虚拟：if条件句用were to do/should do/一般过去时，主句用would/might/could/should+do。
8．A
【详解】考查wish宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：多么晴朗的一天啊！我多么希望我现在在海滩上享受阳光！wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，此处与现在的事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时态，be动词，故选A。
【点睛】动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；若表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词；若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would (could)＋动词原形。如：
I wish I were not so busy. 但愿我不那样忙碌。
She wished she had stayed at home. 她后悔的是她当时要是留在家里就好了。
I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 要是你明天同我们一起去就好了。
9．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文可知，是对过去事情的虚拟，是与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。
10．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：有人要求会议延期。request表示“要求”时，引导的that从句中要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。故选A。
【点睛】后接虚拟语气的常见词
1）在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。
例如：He ordered that all the books be sent at once.
She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.
2）类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词；decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：
It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.
Their decision was that the school remain closed.
3）请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。
11．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：医生坚持说我发高烧，并坚持要求我休息几天。分析可知，第一个空前的谓语insisted，意为“坚持认为”含义，之后宾语从句应是陈述句语气，即：一般过去时；第二空前谓语insisted被省略，但意为“坚持要求”，之后宾语从句应是虚拟语气，即：that+主语+（should）+动词原形……。故选C项。
12．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气/宾语从句/时态。句意：他建议Jane用另一种方式解决这个问题，她的表情表明她同意了。suggest意为“建议”时，其后that引导的宾语从句的谓语应用should+动词原形，should可以省略，所以排除C，D选项；suggest意为“表明”时，宾语从句用陈述语气，时态与主句一致，由主句谓语suggested可知，时态为一般过去时，故选A项。
13．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他昨天见到你，他会还你书的。根据句意可知，句子为与过去事实相反的假设，应用虚拟语气，主句应用“主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词”，故空格二应用“would have returned”；从句应用“If+主语+had+过去分词”，句中省略了If，这时要把had提到句首，变为倒装句式，故空格一应用“Had”，如不省略If，句子为“If he had seen you yesterday”。故选C项。
14．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他按照医生的指示安静地躺着，他现在就不会那么痛苦了。根据句意，if引导的条件句，从句是对过去情况的一种假设，主句是对现在情况的虚拟，表明“他过去没有听医生的，导致现在很痛苦”。从句表达对过去情况假设时，谓语用过去完成时态。故选C。
15．D
【详解】考查短语和虚拟语气。句意：——你想开车出去吗?——没有。我宁愿我们坐地铁。feel like doing sth.想要做某事。would rather后的从句用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，用一般过去时。故选D。
16．D
【详解】考查虚拟。句意：她在会议上要求采取措施保护我们赖以生存的环境。根据句意可知，动词require“要求”，从句用虚拟即should+动词原形，should可以省略。又measures和动词take之间为被动关系，即should be taken，should可以省略，故选D项。
17．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果竞赛明天举行，我可能去看。结合语境和下文的would go可知，此处为if引导的非真实条件句，与将来的事实相反用一般过去时，should+ 动词原形，或者were to+动词原形，take place无被动语态，综上。故选B。
18．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：士兵完全记得一切，似乎它就发生在昨天。 as if意为“仿佛；好像”，其后的从句可出现虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，句中remembers为一般现在时，故as if从句中用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故选D。
19．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——玛丽，你介意微信收费吗？——当然介意。如果要我现在付钱的话，我会放弃微信。根据语境和后文now可知此处表示与现在事实相反：主句用would +动词原形，从句动词用过去式（be 通常用 were）。故选A。
20．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有这么多新单词的话，这篇文章将会简单得多。分析可知，句子为虚拟条件句，表示对现在情况的虚拟，条件句用一般过去时，主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形，D选项符合题意。故选D项。
21．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：如果我有时间，我会和我的同学去公园。分析句子，根据句意以及主句中would go可知，本句为虚拟语气，虚拟现在，主句用过去将来时，条件状语从句中用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式had。故选C。
22．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他总是在为债务找借口，但我宁愿他尽早还清。would rather后接宾语从句，谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，表示过去的愿望用过去完成时，表示现在或将来的愿望用一般过去时。本句表示对将来的愿望，故用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选D项。
23．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：老师要求他每天早上上交家庭作业。requests后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用（should）+动词原形。故选A项。
24．D
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：地震发生的时候，好像世界末日到了。A. that 连接词，无意义；B. as 正如，像……一样；C. if 是否；D. as if 似乎，好像。分析句子可知，此处引导一个表语从句，根据句意可知，从句使用虚拟语气，所以应用as if 引导该从句，故选D项。

25．B
【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：苏喜欢去商店买东西，总是像没有明天一样花钱。A.even if即使；B.as if好像；C.as long as只要；D.as soon as一......就......。从句使用的是虚拟语气，结合句意可知，此处用as if引导状语从句复合语境。故选B。
26．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：看看我现在的处境。要是我早点听你的劝告就好了！分析句子，句中if only意为“要是……该多好”，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故使用过去完成时。故选C。
27．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他昨天认真听老师讲课，他现在就知道问题的答案了。根据句意和if从句的时间状语yesterday和主句的时间状语now可知，这个句子是一个含错综时间条件句的虚拟语气，从句与过去事实相反，从句的谓语动词应该用had done形式，主句与现在事实相反，主句的谓语动词应该用would do形式。故选D项。
28．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他没有在暴风雨中出去，他现在还活着。分析可知，本句为错综时间虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，主句与现在事实相反用would+do/be。故选B。
29．B
【详解】考查宾语从句、虚拟语气和时态。句意：我建议他立马被送到医院去，但是他坚持说他那时感觉很好。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一个空是advised后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，advise是“建议”的意思，从句谓语要用should do的虚拟语气结构，should可以省略，从句主语he和谓语动词send是被动关系，要用被动结构(should) be done；第二个空是insisted后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，insisted是“坚持说”的意思，从句谓语要用真实的时态，句中有时间状语then，谓语要用过去进行时，主语是he，be动词用was。故选B。
30．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：在这个节日上演奏他的音乐是完全合适的。此处为虚拟语气，在It is +形容词（appropriate/necessary/vital/important/urgent,etc.）+that从句结构中，从句谓语动词需用should+动词原形，should可以省略，所以此处应用be played。故选C项。
31．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：约翰逊建议这个值得注意的问题在会上讨论。worth后应是及物动词的动名词形式，pay attention to“注意”，to为介词不能省去；主句中的谓语动词为suggest，从句中应用虚拟语气(should) do结构，主语problem与discuss是被动关系，故用be discussed，故选A项。
32．A
【详解】考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：他坚持说他做的事是对的，坚决要求处罚说他坏话的人。insist当“坚持说(认为)”解时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气；作“坚决要求(主张)”解时，从句要用虚拟语气(should) do。故选A。
33．B
【分析】试题分析：


【名师点睛】




【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：--你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？--有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。根据标志词otherwise，相当于一个条件状语从句：If I hadn't have her phone number，即对过去的虚拟的条件状语从句，可以判断出主句用wouldn't have done表示对过去情况的虚拟，故选B。
【点睛】if的虚拟语气非常重要，首先要熟悉基本用法：1、表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句：If主语+过去时(be动词用were)；主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do：2、表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句：If主语+had+done；主句：主语+should/ would/ could/ might+have done　3、表示对将来情况的主观推测，从句：①if+主语+were to do②　if+主语+should+do ③if+主语+did（动词过去式）/were ；主句：主语+should /would/ could /might+do，另外要注意从句也可以省略if，把had，were，should提前。这句话的虚拟语气是根据标志词otherwise和句意推断出主句是对过去的虚拟。
34．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为他渴望迎接新的挑战，他就不会实现他的潜能。分析句子结构可知，本句考查if引导的条件句的虚拟，省略if倒装的情况，根据语法规则可知，从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，主句谓语动词应用would have done；分析本句可知，空格处应为主句谓语部分且表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选A。
35．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气及固定句式。句意：开幕式是一个伟大的时刻。我们必须为此做好准备。A.for us to be prepared让我们做好准备；B.that we are prepared我们准备好了；C.of us to be prepared我们要做好准备；D.our being prepared我们做好准备。虚拟语气用于主语从句中，it is essential+that从句，从句的谓语动词应用（should）+动词原形，should可省略。故选项B不对；固定句式：it is+形容词+of/for sb +to do sth.而essential后面应用for。故选A。
36．D
【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：所有的医生都坚持说他受了重伤，应该立即给他动手术。insist当意为“坚持说，坚持认为”时，后接宾语从句用陈述语气；insist当意为“坚持要求”时，后接宾语从句用省略should的虚拟语气。根据句意可知，第一个空意为“坚持认为”，故用陈述语气，主句为一般过去时，故此处也用一般过去时，即was；第二个空意为“坚持要求”，主语he和动词operate之间为被动语态，即be operated on，故选D。
37．D
【详解】考查介词短语和虚拟语气。句意：由于严重的空气污染，是时候采取措施提高人们的环境意识了。A项中On account of 译为“由于……”；B项中Despite 译为“尽管”；C项中Account for 译为“说明(原因、理由等),是……的原因”；D项中Due to译为“由于……”；在It is (high) time…句型中，time后的句子中的谓语要用一般过去时或should+do来表示对现在情况提出建议的虚拟语气。结合句意，第一空表示“由于”，排除BC两项，第二空应用took或should take，故排除A。综上，故选D项。
38．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们当时不知道你遇到了困难，要不然我们会帮助你的。此处otherwise的意思是“否则，要不然的话”，结合前文“We didn’t know you were in trouble at that time”,可知句子用虚拟语气，表示与过去已发生的事实相反的假设，所以谓语部分用would have done，此处填would have given。故选D。
39．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词、虚拟语气。句意：我建议把谈及的那个人关进监狱。主句中的谓语动词为suggest，意为“建议”，后接的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用(should) do结构；从句中主语为the person，谓语动词put与主语the person之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，故用（should）be put；动词refer to与逻辑主语the person之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词短语referred to，作后置定语，设空处应填referred to (should) be。故选B项。
40．C
【详解】考查非真实条件句中if的省略。句意：要是我昨天知道他的电话号码的话，我就会打电话给他了。根据句意以及I would have called her up可知本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以设空处所在句子应为if引导的虚拟条件句if I had known his phone number yesterday。if虚拟条件句省略if时，把were，had或should提到句首，构成部分倒装，所以此空应该填Had I known。故选C。
41．B
【详解】考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：仿佛世界末日即将来临! 因指的是过去的事情，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去进行时表示过去将来，as if表示“仿佛”，后接从句要用虚拟语气，be动词用were；come to an end表示“结束”。故选B。
42．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气和省略。句意：——你为什么不买金戒指？——如果当时我有钱的话，我会买的，但我没有钱。根据but I didn't have the money可知，此处暗含“如果我当时有钱的话，就会……”，这里是和过去事实相反的假设，主句是省略句，全句是I would have(bought the gold ring)其他选项不符合语境。故选A。
43．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气的省略。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。根据句意可知，表示与现在相反的虚拟语气，虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had +主语...，还原句子是：if it were not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty。故选B。
44．A
【详解】考查不可数名词和suggestion后的同位语从句。句意：我将仔细考虑你的建议，我们为这位经验丰富的教授举行一个聚会。thought作为“想法”的时候是可数名词，作为抽象意义的“思想”时是不可数名词；suggestion后面的同位语从句应该用（should）+动词原形。结合句意可知答案为A。
45．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。表示与过去事实相反的假设，其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。
46．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是那天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。A. had not been（过去完成时） B. should not be（情态动词）C. were not（一般过去时态） D. should not have been（should not have done不应该做，但是做了）。主句“I should not be here now.”表达的是与现在事实相反的情况；而根据if从句中表示过去的时间状语 “the other day前些日子”可知，此处表达的应该是与过去事实相反的情况，所以要使用过去完成时。故选A项。
47．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们应该考虑学生们的建议，即学校图书馆提供更多的科普书籍。suggestion（建议）后的同位语从句要使用(should)do的虚拟语气，其中should可省略，故选A。
48．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：当铅笔的一部分浸在盛水的玻璃杯中的时候，铅笔看上去好像断了。分析句子可知，as if引导的从句内容与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。由句意可知，铅笔看起来好像断了，但实际上铅笔并未断，上文陈述的也是现在事实，所以此处与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时态，be动词要用were。故选C项。
49．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是我的随意态度，我不会被解雇，并且现在会和我的同事一起工作。结合语意可知，由于随意的态度，我已经被解雇，现在没有和同事一起工作，所以“现在会和我的同事一起工作”是非真实情况，应用虚拟语气；且本句为错综时间条件句，根据句中now可知，空处是对现在的虚拟，谓语动词应用would be working。故选B项。
50．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有重力，我们不可能像现在这样自由地在地上行走。A. couldn't不可能；B. mustn't禁止；C. shan't不应该；D. needn't 没必要。由语意可知，本句为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故句子谓语动词的否定式要用wouldn't / couldn't/ shouldn't/ mightn't+动词原形。故选A项。