英语高教版（2021）Unit 8 Role Models of the Times优秀一课一练

Unit8 Role Models of the Times知识串讲

重点单词

重点短语

重点语法

非谓语动词作状语

1.不定式作状语，表目的、结果、原因等。例如：

He always leaves home early to come to school first.

为了第一个到校，他总是很早离开家。（表目的）

He was too tired to walk any more. 他太累了不能再走了。（表结果）

I'm happy to work with you again. 很高兴再次和你一起工作。（表原因）

2.动词-ing形式作状语

表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随等，可转化为相应的状语从句或并列的谓语成分。动词-ing与逻辑主语之间是主动关系。

①表时间。例如：

Hearing the bad news, they all cried. 听到这个坏消息，他们都哭了。

=When they heard the bad news, they all cried.

②表原因。例如：

Being ill, Lucy was late for school. 因为生病了，露西上学迟到了。

= As Lucy was ill, she was late for school.

③表结果。例如：

He fell from the tree, breaking his leg. 他从树上摔下来，摔坏了腿。

=He fell from the tree and broke his leg.

④表条件。例如：

Working hard, you will succeed. 如果你努力，你会成功的。

= If you work hard, you will succeed.

⑤表让步。例如：

Taking more care, I still failed in the game. 虽然我这次更仔细了，但是还是输掉了比赛。

= Although I took more care, I still failed in the game.

⑥表方式、伴随。例如：

Lucy walked on the way home with her friends, talking and laughing.

露西和朋友有说有笑地走在回家的路上。

She sat on the sofa, listening to music.

她坐在沙发上听音乐。

3.动词-ed形式作状语，与动词-ing形式一样，也可以表示时间、原因、结果、

   条件、让步、方式或伴随等。过去分词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系或者表示动作先于谓语动作发生。

①表时间。例如：

When asked, the thief said he was wrong.

被问起的时候，小偷说他错了。

②表原因。例如：

Encouraged by the teacher,the girl was very happy.

由于得到老师的鼓励，女孩非常开心。

③表结果。例如：

The cup fell down on the floor, broken.

杯子掉到地上，碎了。

④表条件。例如：

Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.

如果再给一个小时，我也能解决这个问题。

⑤表让步。例如：

Left alone at home, Jenny didn’t feel afraid at all.

虽然独自在家，吉妮一点也不害怕。

⑥表伴随。例如：

The teacher went into the room, followed by some students.

老师走进教室，后面跟着一些学生。