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牛津译林版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 2 Be sporty,be healthy学案设计
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这是一份牛津译林版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 2 Be sporty,be healthy学案设计，共11页。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Many peple (自始至终) histry have dreamt f a wrld withut war.
2．On a ，peple wh dn’t smke tend t be healthier than smkers.
3．Eating a healthy diet and ding exercise will p yu frm putting n weight.
4．A diet (缺乏) nutritinal value will nt keep a persn healthy.
5．When yu fllw the plan strictly and make it a (常规，惯例)，yu’ll achieve a sense f success day by day.
6．Despite living in different cuntries，the tw families have m clse links.
7． (此外)，we must ensure enugh sleep t make us full f energy.
8．Ever since the (损伤)，the jints in his legs have ached in the rainy weather.
9．Mre and mre experts suggest (减少) the schl burdens f students.
10．S nervus was she that her palms (流汗) heavily and her heart punded wildly.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空
1．The headmaster wrte a letter t her n her gd perfrmance and the exciting___________encuraged her greatly.(cngratulate)
2．It is generally that stress is caused by t much wrk.I believe it’s nt a false .(assume)
3．Thse wh have a t stay up late t feel sleepy in the daytime.(tend)
4．T keep ，he sets aside tw hurs a day t take exercise.That’s why he is always full f .(energy)
5．Advanced has us t imprve the prductivity.(equipment)
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．为了锻炼我们的身体，我们学校呼吁我们每天进行体育锻炼。(不定式作目的状语)
，ur schl appeals t us t d physical exercise every day.
2．在我们的一生中，如何保持精力充沛的状态总是非常重要的。(“疑问词＋t d”作主语)
is always very imprtant thrughut ur life.
3．事实已经证明，体育锻炼是一种很好的减压方式。(it作形式主语)
physical exercise is an excellent way f reducing pressure.
4．学校计划每周为学生安排一系列常规活动。(a range f)
The schl is ging t arrange n a weekly basis fr students.
5．保持健康是我们成功的关键。让我们行动起来吧！(ding作主语)
.
Let’s take actin！
cngratulatin n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺(cngratulate vt.祝贺)
(1)The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn the new hme.
(2)(应用文写作之祝贺信)I am writing a letter f (cngratulate) t my mnitr n his being elected as chairman f the Student Assciatin.
(3)(应用文写作之祝贺信)我想对你在英语演讲比赛中的成功表示诚挚的祝贺。
①I want t in the English speech cntest.(cngratulatin)
②I want t in the English speech cntest.(cngratulate)
注意：cngratulatin 常用复数形式，表示“祝贺”。cngratulatin 可单独使用，也可在其后加介词，接事时用介词 n，接人时用介词t。
assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露(assumptin n．假定，假设)
(1)A lt f peple make an (assume) that pverty nly exists in the third wrld.
(2)(应用文写作之保护古建筑) we shuld well preserve thse ancient buildings which are f great significance.
人们普遍认为我们应该保护好那些具有重要意义的古建筑。
(3)(应用文写作之招聘广告)假设你对这个职位感兴趣，请填写申请表并寄给我们。
① ，please fill in the applicatin frm and send it t us.(assume)
② ，please fill in the applicatin frm and send it t us.(assumptin)
tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看；护理(tendency n．趋向；倾向)
(1)Actually，peple always tend (judge) a persn by his/her appearance initially.
(2)Nwadays there is a grwing (tend) fr peple t shp n the Internet.
(3) when I was suffering frm a disease.(强调句)
我生病期间是我妈妈不分昼夜地照顾我。
(4)She is nt an easy-ging girl， when yu disagree with her.(tendency)
她不是一个很随和的人，当你不同意她的观点时，她很容易生气。
reduce vt.减少，缩小(reductin n．减少，降低)
(1)T her delight，she has reduced her weight 2 kilgrams in the past 7 days.
(2)Many cmpanies have annunced a dramatic (reduce) in staff because f the ecnmic depressin.
(3)The earthquake caused many buildings ruins.
地震使许多建筑物沦为废墟。
range n．种类；范围，区间 v．排列；(在一定范围内)变化，变动
(1)When driving n highways，the driver must cntrl the speed the range f 60km/h t 120km/h.
(2) creatures exist in the cean，which play an imprtant rle in maintaining the balance f eclgy.(2022·全国甲)
海洋中生活着各种各样的生物，它们在维持生态平衡方面发挥着重要作用。
(3)国家公园里有大量的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象都有。
①The natinal park has a large cllectin f wildlife， .(定语从句)
②The natinal park has a large cllectin f wildlife， .(现在分词短语作状语)
average n．平均水平，一般水准 adj.平均的；典型的
(1)Tday，in Australia，mst children average fall 2,000 steps shrt f the physical activity they need t avid being verweight.(2021·浙江1月)
(2)There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam， 15 students in each class.In ur class，Jane’s while Jhn’s ，which made ur teacher disappinted.
本次考试共有90个同学得了满分，平均每班有15个。在我们班，Jane的成绩在平均分以上，而Jhn低于平均水平，这让老师很失望。
prevent v．阻止，阻碍；防止(preventin n．预防)
(1)T be hnest， (prevent) f a disease is always easier than trying t cure it.
(2)We shuld take effective measures t prevent the sil (wash) away.
(3)(应用文写作之倡议书)It’s high time that we did smething t
.到了我们采取行动阻止环境受污染的时候了。
注意：在主动语态中与stp/prevent搭配的frm可以省略，但在被动语态中frm都不可省略。
make up fr弥补，补偿
(1)写出下列句子中make up的汉语意思
①They quarrelled the ther day but they made up sn.
②The actress spent tw hurs making herself up befre the party.
③He made up an excuse abut his daughter being sick.
④I am trying t make up the time I lst while I was sick.
⑤As is knwn t us all，eleven athletes make up a ftball team.
(2)We tried t in the darkness，but in vain.
我们试图在黑暗中认出回家的路，但失败了。
lack n．缺乏；匮乏，短缺 vi.& vt.缺乏，短缺，不足，没有(lacking adj.缺乏的；缺少的)
(1)Despite his lack experience，Jack made up fr it with great effrts.
(2)(读后续写之人物描写)The girl used t be lacking cnfidence and it was her teacher’s encuragement that made her mre cnfident.
(3)由于缺乏足够的训练，我们在即将到来的比赛中将很难取胜。
① ，we will have great truble in winning the cming match.(介词短语)
② ，we will have great truble in winning the cming match.(分词作状语)
③ ，we will have great truble in winning the cming match.(原因状语从句)
“特殊疑问词(连接词)＋动词不定式”结构
教材原句 When t eat is als f great imprtance.什么时间吃也很重要。(P17)
(1)(应用文写作之求助信)I wuld appreciate it if yu culd give us sme advice n .如果你能给我们一些如何提高英语口语的建议，我会感激不尽。
(2)The present prblem is selling sprts equipment.
现在的问题是哪里能找到卖运动器材的商店。
(3)The villagers here are nt familiar t me，s I dn’t knw fr help.
这里的村民我不熟，所以我不知道该向谁求助。
状语从句中的省略
教材原句 T prevent sft tissue injury，make sure that yu wear prper clthes and equipment when exercising.为避免软组织受伤，锻炼时一定要穿戴合适的衣服和护具。(P17)
(1)(应用文写作之传统文化)If I am accepted，I will intrduce Chinese painting skills t visitrs，which can help them knw mre abut Chinese culture.
→ ，I will intrduce Chinese painting skills t visitrs，which can help them knw mre abut Chinese culture.
(2) ，I realized hw hard it was t wrk in the fields under a ht sun.
工作的时候，我意识到在烈日下在田间工作是多么辛苦。
(3)Extremely shcked，he std there still .
他极为震惊，站在那里一动不动，好像扎根在了地上。
Ⅰ.一词多义
eq \x(\a\vs4\al\c1(assume,A.v.假定 B.v.认为 C.v.承担 D.v.呈现))
1．It is reasnable t assume (that) the ecnmy will cntinue t imprve.
2．This matter has assumed cnsiderable imprtance.
3．The president assumes his new respnsibilities in January.
4．Assuming that I’m accepted，I will devte myself t the vluntary wrk heart and sul.
Ⅱ.熟词生义
1．Fr a while，she ran a restaurant in Bstn.
2．The sun rises ver the Crdillera muntain ranges in the Philippines，lighting up the beautiful terraced rice fields.
3．In the skiing cmpetitin，every cmpetitr must learn and perfrm set rutines.
Perid 2
基础知识巩固
Ⅰ 2.average 3.prevent 4.lacking 5.rutine 6.maintained 7.Mrever 8.injury 9.reducing 10.sweated
Ⅱ；cngratulatins 2.assumed；assumptin 3.tendency；tend 4.energetic；energy 5.equipment；equipped
Ⅲ build up ur bdy
2．Hw t maintain an energetic state
3．It has been prven that
4．a wide range f regular activities
5．Keeping healthy is the key t ur success
核心考点突破
1．(1)n (2)cngratulatin (3)①ffer/express/send my sincere cngratulatins t yu n yur success ②cngratulate yu n yur success
2．(1)assumptin (2)It is generally assumed that (3)①Assuming (that) yu are interested in the psitin ②On the assumptin that yu are interested in the psitin
3．(1)t judge (2)tendency (3)It was my mther wh/that tended (t) me day and night (4)wh has a tendency t get angry
4．(1)by (2)reductin (3)t be reduced t
5．(1)within/in (2)A wide range f (3)①which ranges frm butterflies t elephants ②ranging frm butterflies t elephants
6．(1)n (2)with an average f was abve average was belw average
7．(1)preventin (2)being washed (3)prevent/stp/keep the envirnment frm being plluted
8．(1)①和好 ②化妆 ③编造 ④弥补 ⑤组成 (2)make ut ur way back hme
9．(1)f (2)in (3)①Fr/Thrugh lack f enugh training ②Lacking enugh training ③As we lack enugh training
10．(1)hw t imprve ur spken English (2)where t find a shp (3)wh t turn t
11．(1)If accepted (2)When wrking (3)as if (he was) rted t the grund
高考热点微练
Ⅰ.1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A
Ⅱ.1.经营；管理 2.山脉 3.一套动作
•cngratulatins t sb n (ding) sth因(做)某事向某人祝贺
ffer/express/send ne’s cngratulatins t sb n sth因某事向某人表示祝贺
•cngratulate sb n (ding) sth因(做)某事向某人祝贺
•assume sb/sth (t be)＋adj./n.假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
It is assumed that...人们认为……
assuming (that)．..假定/假设……(作状语)
•n the assumptin that...假定……
make an assumptin认为，假定
•tend t d sth易于做某事，倾向于做某事
tend (t) sb/sth照顾/护理/看护……
•have a tendency t d sth喜欢做某事；倾向于做某事
There is a tendency t (d)/twards sth有一种(做)……的趋势/倾向
reduce t/by 减少到/减少了……
be reduced t减少到；沦落到
•a range f一系列的，各种
in/within (the) range f在……范围内
beynd/ut f ne’s range超出某人的范围
•range frm A t B/between A and B在A到B之间变化
abve/belw (the) average高于/低于平均水平
n average平均；一般地
the average f ……的平均数
•eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\c1(prevent sb/sth frm ding sth,stp sb/sth frm ding sth,keep sb/sth frm ding sth))eq \s(阻止某人/某物做某事)
•类似的结构还有：
(ding)．..保护……免受……伤害
make up编造；化妆；构成，组成；弥补；和好
be made up f＝cnsist f＝be cmpsed f由……构成/组成
make fr走向，前往；致使
make it成功；准时到达
make ut理解；明白；看出；听出
•(a) lack f缺少……
fr/thrugh lack f由于缺少……
•lack sth缺乏……
•be lacking in缺少……
•本句中的When t eat是“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，该结构在句中作主语。
•“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构相当于一个名词性从句，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，疑问词包括疑问代词(wh，what，which)和疑问副词(when，where，hw)。
•“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构中不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。
•句中when exercising是状语从句的省略形式，when后省略了yu are。
•当when，while，if，unless，nce，as if等引导状语从句时，若从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it且从句的谓语部分含有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Many peple (自始至终) histry have dreamt f a wrld withut war.
2．On a ，peple wh dn’t smke tend t be healthier than smkers.
3．Eating a healthy diet and ding exercise will p yu frm putting n weight.
4．A diet (缺乏) nutritinal value will nt keep a persn healthy.
5．When yu fllw the plan strictly and make it a (常规，惯例)，yu’ll achieve a sense f success day by day.
6．Despite living in different cuntries，the tw families have m clse links.
7． (此外)，we must ensure enugh sleep t make us full f energy.
8．Ever since the (损伤)，the jints in his legs have ached in the rainy weather.
9．Mre and mre experts suggest (减少) the schl burdens f students.
10．S nervus was she that her palms (流汗) heavily and her heart punded wildly.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空
1．The headmaster wrte a letter t her n her gd perfrmance and the exciting___________encuraged her greatly.(cngratulate)
2．It is generally that stress is caused by t much wrk.I believe it’s nt a false .(assume)
3．Thse wh have a t stay up late t feel sleepy in the daytime.(tend)
4．T keep ，he sets aside tw hurs a day t take exercise.That’s why he is always full f .(energy)
5．Advanced has us t imprve the prductivity.(equipment)
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．为了锻炼我们的身体，我们学校呼吁我们每天进行体育锻炼。(不定式作目的状语)
，ur schl appeals t us t d physical exercise every day.
2．在我们的一生中，如何保持精力充沛的状态总是非常重要的。(“疑问词＋t d”作主语)
is always very imprtant thrughut ur life.
3．事实已经证明，体育锻炼是一种很好的减压方式。(it作形式主语)
physical exercise is an excellent way f reducing pressure.
4．学校计划每周为学生安排一系列常规活动。(a range f)
The schl is ging t arrange n a weekly basis fr students.
5．保持健康是我们成功的关键。让我们行动起来吧！(ding作主语)
.
Let’s take actin！
cngratulatin n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺(cngratulate vt.祝贺)
(1)The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn the new hme.
(2)(应用文写作之祝贺信)I am writing a letter f (cngratulate) t my mnitr n his being elected as chairman f the Student Assciatin.
(3)(应用文写作之祝贺信)我想对你在英语演讲比赛中的成功表示诚挚的祝贺。
①I want t in the English speech cntest.(cngratulatin)
②I want t in the English speech cntest.(cngratulate)
注意：cngratulatin 常用复数形式，表示“祝贺”。cngratulatin 可单独使用，也可在其后加介词，接事时用介词 n，接人时用介词t。
assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露(assumptin n．假定，假设)
(1)A lt f peple make an (assume) that pverty nly exists in the third wrld.
(2)(应用文写作之保护古建筑) we shuld well preserve thse ancient buildings which are f great significance.
人们普遍认为我们应该保护好那些具有重要意义的古建筑。
(3)(应用文写作之招聘广告)假设你对这个职位感兴趣，请填写申请表并寄给我们。
① ，please fill in the applicatin frm and send it t us.(assume)
② ，please fill in the applicatin frm and send it t us.(assumptin)
tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看；护理(tendency n．趋向；倾向)
(1)Actually，peple always tend (judge) a persn by his/her appearance initially.
(2)Nwadays there is a grwing (tend) fr peple t shp n the Internet.
(3) when I was suffering frm a disease.(强调句)
我生病期间是我妈妈不分昼夜地照顾我。
(4)She is nt an easy-ging girl， when yu disagree with her.(tendency)
她不是一个很随和的人，当你不同意她的观点时，她很容易生气。
reduce vt.减少，缩小(reductin n．减少，降低)
(1)T her delight，she has reduced her weight 2 kilgrams in the past 7 days.
(2)Many cmpanies have annunced a dramatic (reduce) in staff because f the ecnmic depressin.
(3)The earthquake caused many buildings ruins.
地震使许多建筑物沦为废墟。
range n．种类；范围，区间 v．排列；(在一定范围内)变化，变动
(1)When driving n highways，the driver must cntrl the speed the range f 60km/h t 120km/h.
(2) creatures exist in the cean，which play an imprtant rle in maintaining the balance f eclgy.(2022·全国甲)
海洋中生活着各种各样的生物，它们在维持生态平衡方面发挥着重要作用。
(3)国家公园里有大量的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象都有。
①The natinal park has a large cllectin f wildlife， .(定语从句)
②The natinal park has a large cllectin f wildlife， .(现在分词短语作状语)
average n．平均水平，一般水准 adj.平均的；典型的
(1)Tday，in Australia，mst children average fall 2,000 steps shrt f the physical activity they need t avid being verweight.(2021·浙江1月)
(2)There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam， 15 students in each class.In ur class，Jane’s while Jhn’s ，which made ur teacher disappinted.
本次考试共有90个同学得了满分，平均每班有15个。在我们班，Jane的成绩在平均分以上，而Jhn低于平均水平，这让老师很失望。
prevent v．阻止，阻碍；防止(preventin n．预防)
(1)T be hnest， (prevent) f a disease is always easier than trying t cure it.
(2)We shuld take effective measures t prevent the sil (wash) away.
(3)(应用文写作之倡议书)It’s high time that we did smething t
.到了我们采取行动阻止环境受污染的时候了。
注意：在主动语态中与stp/prevent搭配的frm可以省略，但在被动语态中frm都不可省略。
make up fr弥补，补偿
(1)写出下列句子中make up的汉语意思
①They quarrelled the ther day but they made up sn.
②The actress spent tw hurs making herself up befre the party.
③He made up an excuse abut his daughter being sick.
④I am trying t make up the time I lst while I was sick.
⑤As is knwn t us all，eleven athletes make up a ftball team.
(2)We tried t in the darkness，but in vain.
我们试图在黑暗中认出回家的路，但失败了。
lack n．缺乏；匮乏，短缺 vi.& vt.缺乏，短缺，不足，没有(lacking adj.缺乏的；缺少的)
(1)Despite his lack experience，Jack made up fr it with great effrts.
(2)(读后续写之人物描写)The girl used t be lacking cnfidence and it was her teacher’s encuragement that made her mre cnfident.
(3)由于缺乏足够的训练，我们在即将到来的比赛中将很难取胜。
① ，we will have great truble in winning the cming match.(介词短语)
② ，we will have great truble in winning the cming match.(分词作状语)
③ ，we will have great truble in winning the cming match.(原因状语从句)
“特殊疑问词(连接词)＋动词不定式”结构
教材原句 When t eat is als f great imprtance.什么时间吃也很重要。(P17)
(1)(应用文写作之求助信)I wuld appreciate it if yu culd give us sme advice n .如果你能给我们一些如何提高英语口语的建议，我会感激不尽。
(2)The present prblem is selling sprts equipment.
现在的问题是哪里能找到卖运动器材的商店。
(3)The villagers here are nt familiar t me，s I dn’t knw fr help.
这里的村民我不熟，所以我不知道该向谁求助。
状语从句中的省略
教材原句 T prevent sft tissue injury，make sure that yu wear prper clthes and equipment when exercising.为避免软组织受伤，锻炼时一定要穿戴合适的衣服和护具。(P17)
(1)(应用文写作之传统文化)If I am accepted，I will intrduce Chinese painting skills t visitrs，which can help them knw mre abut Chinese culture.
→ ，I will intrduce Chinese painting skills t visitrs，which can help them knw mre abut Chinese culture.
(2) ，I realized hw hard it was t wrk in the fields under a ht sun.
工作的时候，我意识到在烈日下在田间工作是多么辛苦。
(3)Extremely shcked，he std there still .
他极为震惊，站在那里一动不动，好像扎根在了地上。
Ⅰ.一词多义
eq \x(\a\vs4\al\c1(assume,A.v.假定 B.v.认为 C.v.承担 D.v.呈现))
1．It is reasnable t assume (that) the ecnmy will cntinue t imprve.
2．This matter has assumed cnsiderable imprtance.
3．The president assumes his new respnsibilities in January.
4．Assuming that I’m accepted，I will devte myself t the vluntary wrk heart and sul.
Ⅱ.熟词生义
1．Fr a while，she ran a restaurant in Bstn.
2．The sun rises ver the Crdillera muntain ranges in the Philippines，lighting up the beautiful terraced rice fields.
3．In the skiing cmpetitin，every cmpetitr must learn and perfrm set rutines.
Perid 2
基础知识巩固
Ⅰ 2.average 3.prevent 4.lacking 5.rutine 6.maintained 7.Mrever 8.injury 9.reducing 10.sweated
Ⅱ；cngratulatins 2.assumed；assumptin 3.tendency；tend 4.energetic；energy 5.equipment；equipped
Ⅲ build up ur bdy
2．Hw t maintain an energetic state
3．It has been prven that
4．a wide range f regular activities
5．Keeping healthy is the key t ur success
核心考点突破
1．(1)n (2)cngratulatin (3)①ffer/express/send my sincere cngratulatins t yu n yur success ②cngratulate yu n yur success
2．(1)assumptin (2)It is generally assumed that (3)①Assuming (that) yu are interested in the psitin ②On the assumptin that yu are interested in the psitin
3．(1)t judge (2)tendency (3)It was my mther wh/that tended (t) me day and night (4)wh has a tendency t get angry
4．(1)by (2)reductin (3)t be reduced t
5．(1)within/in (2)A wide range f (3)①which ranges frm butterflies t elephants ②ranging frm butterflies t elephants
6．(1)n (2)with an average f was abve average was belw average
7．(1)preventin (2)being washed (3)prevent/stp/keep the envirnment frm being plluted
8．(1)①和好 ②化妆 ③编造 ④弥补 ⑤组成 (2)make ut ur way back hme
9．(1)f (2)in (3)①Fr/Thrugh lack f enugh training ②Lacking enugh training ③As we lack enugh training
10．(1)hw t imprve ur spken English (2)where t find a shp (3)wh t turn t
11．(1)If accepted (2)When wrking (3)as if (he was) rted t the grund
高考热点微练
Ⅰ.1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A
Ⅱ.1.经营；管理 2.山脉 3.一套动作
•cngratulatins t sb n (ding) sth因(做)某事向某人祝贺
ffer/express/send ne’s cngratulatins t sb n sth因某事向某人表示祝贺
•cngratulate sb n (ding) sth因(做)某事向某人祝贺
•assume sb/sth (t be)＋adj./n.假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
It is assumed that...人们认为……
assuming (that)．..假定/假设……(作状语)
•n the assumptin that...假定……
make an assumptin认为，假定
•tend t d sth易于做某事，倾向于做某事
tend (t) sb/sth照顾/护理/看护……
•have a tendency t d sth喜欢做某事；倾向于做某事
There is a tendency t (d)/twards sth有一种(做)……的趋势/倾向
reduce t/by 减少到/减少了……
be reduced t减少到；沦落到
•a range f一系列的，各种
in/within (the) range f在……范围内
beynd/ut f ne’s range超出某人的范围
•range frm A t B/between A and B在A到B之间变化
abve/belw (the) average高于/低于平均水平
n average平均；一般地
the average f ……的平均数
•eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\c1(prevent sb/sth frm ding sth,stp sb/sth frm ding sth,keep sb/sth frm ding sth))eq \s(阻止某人/某物做某事)
•类似的结构还有：
(ding)．..保护……免受……伤害
make up编造；化妆；构成，组成；弥补；和好
be made up f＝cnsist f＝be cmpsed f由……构成/组成
make fr走向，前往；致使
make it成功；准时到达
make ut理解；明白；看出；听出
•(a) lack f缺少……
fr/thrugh lack f由于缺少……
•lack sth缺乏……
•be lacking in缺少……
•本句中的When t eat是“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，该结构在句中作主语。
•“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构相当于一个名词性从句，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，疑问词包括疑问代词(wh，what，which)和疑问副词(when，where，hw)。
•“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构中不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。
•句中when exercising是状语从句的省略形式，when后省略了yu are。
•当when，while，if，unless，nce，as if等引导状语从句时，若从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it且从句的谓语部分含有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。
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