三年(2020-2022)中考英语真题分项汇编:专题40选词填空完成句子(含解析)
展开这是一份三年(2020-2022)中考英语真题分项汇编:专题40选词填空完成句子(含解析),共60页。
专题40 词汇运用—选词填空完成句子
【2022年】
(一)(2022·湖北十堰·中考真题)
选择单词或词组,用其适当的形式填空,使句子意思正确、通顺。(每词限用一次,其中两词多余)
feed; hard; give up; six; clean up; peaceful; player
56.We are lucky to live in a ________ country.
57.Never ________ hope no matter what happens.
58.Aileen Gu is one of the best ________ in Beijing Winter Olympics.
59.Last summer holiday, I went fishing and ________ the pigs with my uncle.
60.For students, the ________ month of the year is important because of exams.
【答案】56.peaceful
57.give up
58.players
59.fed
60.sixth
【解析】
56.
句意:我们很幸运生活在一个和平的国家。此处需要形容词作定语修饰country,备选词peaceful“和平的”符合语境,故填peaceful。
57.
句意:无论发生什么事都不要放弃希望。此处需要动词作谓语,根据“Never...hope no matter what happens.”可知,是不要放弃希望,give up“放弃”,用于祈使句中,使用动词原形。故填give up。
58.
句意:谷爱凌是北京冬奥会上表现最好的运动员之一。根据“Aileen Gu is one of the best...in Beijing Winter Olympics.”可知,谷爱凌是一位运动员,名词player“运动员”符合语境,用于“one of+the+最高级+名词复数”结构中,此处使用名词复数形式,故填players。
59.
句意:去年暑假,我和叔叔去钓鱼和喂猪。此处需要动词作谓语,根据“the pigs”可知,选择feed,表示“喂猪”,根据“Last summer holiday”可知,时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填fed。
60.
句意:对学生来说,一年中的第六个月很重要,因为要考试。根据“For students, the...month of the year is important because of exams.”可知,此处表示第几个月,用备选词six的序数词sixth,故填sixth。
(二)(2022·湖北武汉·中考真题)
仔细阅读下面五个句子,然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空,使每个句子在结构、句义和逻辑上正确。(提示:方框中有两个单词或短语是多余的。)
won / thirsty / products / called in / spread / moved / came in
56.China is good at making high-technology ________ that people can buy everywhere.
57.A doctor was ________ to examine the king yesterday evening.
58.The piece of music which was played on the erhu especially ________ me.
59.Some children are so full of energy and ________ for knowledge.
60.Jenny recently ________ a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society.
【答案】56.products
57.called in
58.moved
59.thirsty
60.won
【解析】
56.
句意:中国擅长制造人们在任何地方都能买到的高科技产品。此空缺少定语从句的先行词,根据“that people can buy everywhere”及备选词可知,此处指任何地方能买到的高科技产品,products“产品”符合,故填products。
57.
句意:昨天晚上请来了一位医生为国王做检查。根据“A doctor was … to examine the king yesterday evening”及备选词可知,请来一位医生给国王做检查,called in“招来”符合,故填called in。
58.
句意:这首用二胡演奏的曲子特别打动了我。 根据“The piece of music which was played on the erhu especially… me”及备选词可知,这首曲子打动了我,moved“感动”符合,故填moved。
59.
句意:有些孩子精力充沛,求知若渴。根据“for knowledge”及备选词可知,对知识很渴望,be thirsty for“渴望”,故填thirsty。
60.
句意:珍妮最近获得了“帮助拯救地球协会”的奖励。根据“a prize”可知,赢得了奖励,won“赢得”符合,故填won。
(三)(2022·江苏连云港·中考真题)
从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空(每个词或短语只能用一次)。
clean; sun; lead to; watch TV; instead of; get off; carry out ; take place; make a decision; row a boat
66.For a green life, we’d better ride bicycles ________ driving.
67.Look! The visitors ________ happily on the lake.
68.It is hot and ________ today. What about going for a swim?
69.Planting more trees will make the environment much ________ and better.
70.Don’t always stay up late. An unhealthy lifestyle can ________ illnesses.
71.Great changes ________ in Lianyungang since I moved here.
72.If you have difficulty in ________, discuss it with your parents.
73.Timmy and Andy ________ the bus and walked towards the sports centre directly.
74.My grandpa ________ when I got home at 6 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
75.A survey will ________ next week to know more about children’s daily habits.
【答案】66.instead of
67.are rowing a boat
68.sunny
69.cleaner
70.lead to
71.have taken place
72.making a decision
73.got off
74.was watching TV
75.be carried out
【解析】
66.
句意:为了绿色生活,我们最好骑自行车而不是开车。根据“For a green life, we’d better ride bicycles …driving”可知,“骑自行车”代替“开车”,这是一种绿色出行方式,instead of“代替”,故填instead of。
67.
句意:看!游客们在湖上愉快地划着船。根据“happily on the lake”及备选词可知,在湖上愉快地划船,row a boat“划船”,根据“Look”可知,此句用现在进行时be doing的结构,主语visitors是复数形式,助动词用are,故填are rowing a boat。
68.
句意:今天天气炎热,阳光明媚。 去游泳怎么样?此空与hot构成并列关系,故此空应填入一个形容词。天气炎热所以建议去游泳,sunny“晴朗的”符合,故填sunny。
69.
句意:种更多的树将使环境更干净、更好。此空与better构成并列关系,故此空也应填入一个形容词比较级。根据“Planting more trees will make the environment”及备选词可知,种更多的树让让环境更干净,cleaner“更干净的”符合,故填cleaner。
70.
句意:不要总是熬夜。 不健康的生活方式会导致疾病。 根据“An unhealthy lifestyle can… illnesses”及备选词可知,不健康的生活方式会导致疾病,lead to“导致”,情态动词can后接动词原形,故填lead to。
71.
句意:自从我搬到连云港以来,连云港发生了巨大的变化。根据“Great changes… in Lianyungang since I moved here”及备选词可知,此处指发生了巨大的变化,take place“发生”,since接一般过去时的从句,主句用现在完成时have/has done的结构,主语是复数形式,助动词用have,故填have taken place。
72.
句意:如果你在做决定方面有困难,和你的父母讨论一下。根据“If you have difficulty in…discuss it with your parents”及备选词可知,此处指做决定有困难,make a decision“做决定”,have difficulty in doing sth“做某事有困难”,动名词作宾语,故填making a decision。
73.
句意:蒂米和安迪下了车,径直向体育中心走去。 根据“Timmy and Andy… the bus and walked towards the sports centre directly”可知,此处指下了公交车,get off“下车”,根据“walked”可知,此句是一般过去时,动词用过去式故填got off。
74.
句意:昨天下午6点钟我到家时,我爷爷正在看电视。 根据“My grandpa…when I got home at 6 o’clock yesterday afternoon”可知,此处介绍爷爷在我到家时正在做的事情,备选词watch TV“看电视”符合,when引导的时间状语从句,从句got是一般过去时,主句表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情,用过去进行时was/were doing的结构,主语是单数形式,助动词用was,故填was watching TV。
75.
句意:下周将进行一项调查,以了解更多关于儿童的日常习惯。根据“A survey will…next week”及备选词可知,此处指进行一项调查,carry out“实施”符合,主语survey与动词之间是被动关系,此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构,故填be carried out。
(四)(2022·浙江金华·中考真题)
用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
borrow opinion in trouble properly seven
56.It is really important for us to dress ________ in public places.
57.Don’t be afraid when you are ________. Try to find a way and get out.
58.Cindy ________ some books from the library before she started her research.
59.As we all know, Sunday is the first day of a week and Saturday is the ________.
60.When you have a different ________ with your parents, listen or talk to them first.
【答案】56.properly
57.in trouble
58.borrowed
59.seventh
60.opinion
【解析】
56.
句意:在公共场所穿着得体对我们来说真的很重要。根据“It is really important for us to dress...in public places.”以及所给词可知要穿着得体,修饰动词dress用副词properly“得体地”。故填properly。
57.
句意:当你遇到麻烦时不要害怕。 试着想办法解决。根据“Don’t be afraid when you are...Try to find a way and get out”以及所给词可知,遇到麻烦时要想办法解决,be in trouble“处于麻烦中”。故填in trouble。
58.
句意:辛迪在开始研究之前从图书馆借了一些书。根据“some books from the library”以及所给词可知是从图书馆借书,borrow“借”,根据“started”可知句子用一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填borrowed。
59.
句意:众所周知,星期天是一周的第一天,星期六是第七天。根据“Sunday is the first day of a week and Saturday is the”以及所给词可知,星期六是第七天,表示顺序用序数词seventh“第七”。故填seventh。
60.
句意:当您与父母有不同意见时,请先倾听或与他们交谈。根据“When you have a different...with your parents, listen or talk to them first”以及所给词可知是有不同的意见,不定冠词a后加名词单数opinion“意见”。故填opinion。
(五)(2022·浙江丽水·中考真题)
用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
cost polite safety whose look up
56.Walking is good for health and it ________ nothing.
57.—________ ID card is on the desk?
—Oh, it’s mine.
58.Mandy isn’t allowed to drive because her parents worry about her ________.
59.You can ________ the new words in the dictionary to help understand the text.
60.When you are in another country, it is important to know how to ask for help ________.
【答案】56.costs
57.Whose
58.safety
59.look up
60.politely
【解析】
56.
句意:散步对健康有益,而且不用花钱。 此空缺少谓语动词,根据“Walking is good for health and it … nothing”及备选词可知,散步不用花钱,cost“花费”符合,句子是一般现在时,主语it是第三人称单数形式,动词用三单,故填costs。
57.
句意:——在桌子上是谁的身份证?——哦,是我的。根据答语“mine”可知,此空应填whose表示“谁的”,句首首字母要大写,故填Whose。
58.
句意:曼迪不允许开车,因为她的父母担心她的安全。根据“Mandy isn’t allowed to drive because her parents worry about her”及备选词可知,因为担心安全,所以不允许她开车,形容词性物主代词her后接名词safety“安全”,故填safety。
59.
句意:你可以在字典查生词来帮助理解课文。 根据“the new words in the dictionary”可知,此处指在字典里查询生词,look up“查询”,情态动词can后接动词原形,故填look up。
60.
句意:当你在另一个国家时,知道如何礼貌地寻求帮助是很重要的。根据“When you are in another country, it is important to know how to ask for help”及备选词可知,此处指礼貌地寻求帮助,副词politely“礼貌地”修饰动词ask,故填politely。
(六)(2022·浙江绍兴·中考真题)
用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次。
repeat against master turn off humorous
56.Remember to ________ the lights before you leave the office.
57.Everyone was touched by that great erhu ________ performance.
58.I could hear the sound of the rain beating ________ my window heavily.
59.Among the three actors, Mr. Black is ________.
60.I ________ the sentence three times, but he still doesn’t understand it.
【答案】56.turn off
57.master’s
58.against
59.the most humorous
60.have repeated
【解析】
56.
句意:离开办公室前记得关灯。根据“Remember to...the lights before you leave the office”以及所给词可知是记得关灯,turn off“关闭”,remember to do sth.“记得做某事”。故填turn off。
57.
句意:所有人都被这位伟大的二胡大师的演奏所感动。根据“that great erhu...performance”以及所给词可知是大师的表演,master“大师”,修饰名词应用名词所有格形式。故填master’s。
58.
句意:我能听到雨滴重重地敲打着我的窗户的声音。根据“beating...my window”以及所给词可知是敲打窗户,即beating against。故填against。
59.
句意:在三位演员中,布莱克先生是最幽默的。根据“Among the three actors”以及所给词可知,此处用形容词的最高级形式作表语,humorous“幽默的”符合,最高级most humorous前加定冠词the。故填the most humorous。
60.
句意:我把这句话重复了三遍,他还是不明白。根据“the sentences three times, but he still doesn’t understand it”以及所给词可知是重复这个句子,repeat“重复”,其句子使用现在完成时have/has done,主语是I,助动词用have。故填have repeated。
(七)(2022·浙江温州·中考真题)
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,每词限用一次。
we; young; money; wash; behind
51.It’s a good habit to ________ hands before meals.
52.Alice often gives ________ to help protect wild animals.
53.Bob’s grandma is eighty, but she looks much ________ than she is.
54.We believe that ________ home town will be more and more beautiful.
55.There was a playground ________ the classroom building in my school ten years ago.
【答案】51.wash
52.money
53.younger
54.our
55.behind
【解析】
51.
句意:饭前洗手是一个好习惯。句中it是形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语,to后接动词原形构成不定式,wash“洗”,动词,符合语境。故填wash。
52.
句意:爱丽丝经常捐钱帮助保护野生动物。gives后接名词作宾语,money“钱”,不可数名词,符合语境。故填money。
53.
句意:鲍勃的奶奶八十岁了,但她看起来比实际年龄年轻得多。looks后接形容词作表语,young“年轻的”,形容词;结合“than”可知用其比较级younger。故填younger。
54.
句意:我们相信我们的家乡会越来越美丽。根据“home town”可知名词前缺少限定词,结合“We believe”可推出用we的形容词性物主代词our表示“我们的”。故填our。
55.
句意:十年前,在我们学校的教学楼后面有一个操场。根据“a playground ... the classroom building”可知此处介绍操场的位置,用地点介词behind表示“在……后面”。
【2021年】
A
(2021·湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州·中考真题)
A.get along with, B.in memory of, C.successfully, D.put on, E. luckily, F. am weak in
1.It’s cold outside. You’d better ______ your coat when you go out.
2.I don’t like jumping, so I ______ the high jump.
3.China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong(“祝融号”火星车), reached Mars ______ on May 15th, 2021.
4.Nowadays, it’s difficult for parents to ______ their mythical creatures(“神兽”).
5.After Dr. Wu Mengchao’s death, people in Shanghai held all kinds of activities ______ him.
【答案】
1.D
2.F
3.C
4.A
5.B
【分析】
1.句意:外面很冷。你出去的时候最好穿上外套。根据“It’s cold outside.”和“…your coat”可知,外面很冷,备选词put on“穿上”符合语境,故选D。
2.句意:我不喜欢跳高,所以我在跳高方面比较弱。根据“I don’t like jumping”可知,不喜欢跳高,备选词am weak in“不擅长”符合语境,故选F。
3.句意:2021年5月15日,中国首个火星探测器“祝融号”火星车成功到达火星。根据“China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong(“祝融号”火星车), reached Mars…”可知,此处需要副词修饰动词,备选词successfully“成功地”符合语境,故选C。
4.句意:如今,父母很难和他们的“神兽”相处。根据“it’s difficult for parents to…their mythical creatures”可知,此处强调父母和孩子的关系,备选词get along with“相处”符合语境,故选A。
5.句意:吴孟超博士去世后,上海人民举行了各种纪念活动。根据“people in Shanghai held all kinds of activities…him”可知,人们会纪念去世的吴孟超博士,in memory of”纪念“符合语境,故选B。
B
(2021·湖北武汉市·中考真题)
仔细阅读下面五个句子,然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空,使每个句子在结构、句义和逻辑上正确。(提示:方框中有两个单词或短语是多余的。)
spread/drop/mean/put out/stared/ courage/set out
6.It will bring danger to all ocean life if sharks' numbers ______ too low.
7.We shouldn't forget where we came from as we ______ on our new journey.
8.Tom went to basketball practice with ______ rather than fear in his heart the next day.
9.They ______ in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.
10.John is ______ and only thinks about himself and doesn’t treat others nicely.
【答案】
6.drop
7.set out
8.courage
9.stared
10.mean
【分析】
6.句意:如果鲨鱼数量下降太多,会给海洋所有生物带来危险。此空为谓语动词,根据numbers和too low可知,此处指数量下降,这里主将从现,drop表示“下降”,主语是复数,谓语动词用原形。故填drop。
7.句意:在我们开始新的旅程时,不要忘记我们来自哪里。根据“...on our new journey.”可知此处指开始新旅程,set out on sth表示“开始做某事”。故填set out。
8.句意:第二天汤姆带着勇气而不是恐惧去参加篮球训练。rather than表示“而不是”,此空为与fear相对的名词,courage表示“勇气”。故填courage。
9.句意:他们难以置信地看着燃烧着的大楼上空升起的黑烟。此空为谓语动词,stare at sth表示“凝视某物”,事情发生在过去,stared为stare的过去式。故填stared。
10.句意:John是刻薄的,只想自己,对别人不友好。根据“... and only thinks about himself and doesn’t treat others nicely.”可知John比较刻薄,mean表示“刻薄的”,形容词作表语。故填mean。
C
(2021·浙江台州市·中考真题)
beside seldom produce lovely ten
11.Tom got a watch as a gift on his ______ birthday.
12.This kind of cotton ______ in Xinjiang. Many clothes are made from it.
13.Ann ______ watches soap operas in her free time.
14.What a ______ day! I’m sure we’ll have a good trip today.
15.I always keep a dictionary ______ me while learning English.
【答案】
11.tenth
12.is produced
13.seldom
14.lovely
15.beside
【分析】
11.句意:汤姆在十岁生日时得到了一块手表作为礼物。根据“on his ... birthday”可知此处用序数词表示第几岁生日,ten的序数词tenth,意为“第十”。故填tenth。
12.句意:这种棉花产自新疆。许多衣服都是用它做的。根据“in Xinjiang”可推出是产于新疆,produce生产,与主语之间是动宾关系,结合“Many clothes are made from it.”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为am/is/are done。根据“This kind”可知be动词用is。故填is produced。
13.句意:安在空闲时间很少看肥皂剧。分析句子结构可知句中缺少副词,seldom意为“极少”,符合语境。此处表示看肥皂剧的频率。故填seldom。
14.句意:多么美好的一天!我相信我们今天会有一个愉快的旅行。感叹句的中心词“day”是名词,其前用形容词修饰,lovely意为“极好的”,符合语境。故填lovely。
15.句意:学习英语时,我总是在身边放一本词典。根据“while learning English”可推出是在自己旁边放词典方便学英语,beside在……旁边。故填beside。
D
(2021·浙江温州市·中考真题)
she send except December successful
16.I won’t forget the sudden snow in Wenzhou last ______.
17.Every dancer was in white ______ Jane, the lead dancer, who wore red.
18.Betty doubted if the watch was ______ when she saw the Lost and Found notice.
19.John thinks The Adventure of Tom Sawyer is ______ novel among Mark Twain’s works.
20.Mr. Smith called his wife, “Honey, a package ______ to you in an hour. Happy birthday!”
【答案】
16.December
17.except
18.hers
19.the most successful
20.will be sent
【分析】
16.句意:我不会忘记去年12月温州突然下起的雪。根据“last”及空格的位置,可判断这是一个时间状语,备选词December“十二月份”符合,故填December。
17.句意:所有的舞者都穿白色,除了领舞的简穿红色。根据“Every dancer was in white”及“the lead dancer, who wore red”可知,除了领舞穿红色,其他舞者都穿白色,用except表示“除了……之外”,故填except。
18.句意:当贝蒂看到失物招领单时,她怀疑这块表是不是她的。根据“Betty doubted if the watch was…”及备选词可知,怀疑是不是她的手表,空格后无名词,用名词所有格形式hers表示“她的手表”,故填hers。
19.句意:约翰认为《汤姆·索亚历险记》是马克·吐温最成功的小说。比较范围“among Mark Twain’s works”是三者以上的比较,要用形容词比较级,此空应用备选词successful的最高级most successful,形容词最高级前要加冠词the,故填the most successful。
20.句意:史密斯先生给他的妻子打电话:“亲爱的,一个小时后有个包裹会寄给你。”生日快乐!”根据“a package… to you in an hour”可知,此处表示寄包裹给你,主语package与动词send之间是被动关系,“in an hour”是一般将来时提示词,故此处应用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构,故填will be sent。
E
(2021·浙江金华市·中考真题)
fail, knife, exactly, thanks to, himself
21.Every time when she ______, Jane tells herself not to give up.
22.______ the high-speed trains, our journey becomes much shorter now.
23.Many people can’t remember ______ when their mothers’ birthdays are.
24.Western people eat with ______ and forks while Chinese people use chopsticks.
25.Bob told his parents that he could look after ______ even when he was home alone.
【答案】
21.fails
22.Thanks to
23.exactly
24.knives
25.himself
【分析】
21.句意:每次她失败的时候,简都告诉自己不要放弃。根据后面“…not to give up”结合备选词汇可知,此处表达“她失败的时候”,用动词fail,根据后面的tells可知,句子是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数she,所以动词用三单形式fails。故填fails。
22.句意:多亏了高铁,我们的旅程变得更短了。根据后面“the high-speed trains, our journey becomes much shorter now.”结合备选词汇可知,此处是表达“多亏了高铁”,句首单词首字母大写。故填Thanks to。
23.句意:许多人不能准确地记得他们母亲的生日是什么时候。此处应该用副词形式修饰前面动词remember,结合后面“when their mothers’ birthdays are.”可知,此处是表达“准确地记得他们母亲的生日”,准确地exactly。故填exactly。
24.句意:西方人用刀叉吃饭,而中国人用筷子。根据后面“and forks”结合备选词汇可知,此处是固定搭配knives and forks表示“刀和叉”。故填knives。
25.句意:鲍勃告诉他的父母,即使他独自在家,他也可以照顾自己。根据空前“look after”及空后“even when he was home alone. ”可知,此处表达“照顾自己”,应该用反身代词,句子主语是he,所以此处应该用“他自己”himself。故填himself。
F
(2021·浙江绍兴市·中考真题)
cry, bottle, above, thank, take off
26.I am ______ that you have come to help us.
27.The child ______ over there. What’s wrong with him?
28.Tim was so thirsty that he drank up two ______ of water.
29.He came in, ______ his coat and sat down beside me.
30.The moon was ______ the tall tree in the east.
【答案】
26.thankful
27.is crying
28.bottles
29.took off
30.above
【分析】
26.句意:我很感激你来帮助我们。am后接形容词作表语,根据“you have come to help us”及备选词,可知,对于对方的帮助表示感激,thankful“感激的”符合,故填thankful。
27.句意:那个小孩在那边哭。他怎么了?根据“What’s wrong with him”可知,这个小孩子发生了某件不开心的事,所以询问他怎么了,备选词cry“哭”符合,此处应用现在进行时be doing的结构表示正在进行的动作,主语是单数形式,be用is,故填is crying。
28.句意:蒂姆很渴,喝了两瓶水。根据“of water”可知,此处应用量词修饰不可数名词water,备选词bottle“瓶”符合,two修饰复数名词,故填bottles。
29.句意:他走进来,脱下外套,坐在我身边。根据“his coat”及备选词,可知,是脱下外套,根据“came”可知,此处应用动词的过去式,故填took off。
30.句意:月亮在东方那棵大树的上方。根据“The moon was … the tall tree”可知,此处应是一个地点方位介词,备选词above“在……之上”符合,故填above。
G
(2021·江苏连云港市·中考真题)
build; successful; chat with; be famous for; a great deal of; in danger;
carry out; stand for; lose heart; be interested in
31.Don’t ______, Sam. You will succeed next time.
32.Our city is beautiful. It ______ Mount Huaguo since a long time ago.
33.—What are Paul and Bob doing these days?
—They ______ a survey of after-school activities.
34.It took Lisa ______ time and effort to complete the project.
35.—What’s WWF exactly, Millie?
—It ______ World Wide Fund for Nature.
36.After weeks of space travel, Chang’ e 5 ______ brought back rocks from the moon.
37.Three new schools ______ in our hometown next year, won’t they?
38.Today more and more foreign people ______ Chinese folk music.
39.It’s reported that polar bears are ______ because of global warming (全球变暖).
40.—Why weren’t you in the room at 10 o’clock this morning, Betty?
—Oh, I ______ my grandma in the garden.
【答案】
31.lose heart
32.has been famous for
33.are carrying out
34.a great deal of
35.stands for
36.successfully
37.will be built
38.are interested in
39.in danger
40.was chatting with
【分析】
31.句意:Sam,别灰心。下一次你一定能成功!根据“You will succeed next time”可知,此处是一个安慰的话,备选词lose heart“失去信心”符合,此句是否定祈使句,don’t后接动词原形,故填lose heart。
32.句意:我们的城市很漂亮。在很久以前它就以花果山而闻名。根据“It … Mount Huaguo since a long time ago”可知,以花果山而闻名,用be famous for表示“因……而闻名”,since+一般过去时的句子,主句用现在完成时have/has done,主语it是第三人称,助动词用has,故填has been famous for。
33.句意:—Paul和Bob这些天正在做什么?—他们正在进行一项关于课外活动的调查。根据“a survey of after-school activities”可知,正在执行一个调查,carry out“执行”符合,根据问句“are…doing”可知,答语应用现在进行时be doing的结构,主语they是复数形式,be应用are,故填are carrying out。
34.句意:Lisa花了大量的时间和精力来完成这个项目。根据“It took Lisa… time”及备选词,可知,此处表示“大量的时间”,用a great deal of表示“大量的”,故填a great deal of。
35.句意:—Millie,WWF究竟是什么?—它代表世界自然基金会。根据“What’s WWF exactly”可知,此处解释“WWF”代表了什么,stand for表示“代表”,句子是一般现在时,主语是第三人称,动词用三单形式,故填stands for。
36.句意:经过几周的太空旅行,嫦娥五号成功地从月球带回了岩石。句子不缺任何成分,此空应填副词,备选词successful的副词successfully“成功地”符合,故填successfully。
37.句意:明年我们家乡要建三所新学校,是吗?根据“Three new schools…in our hometown”可知,此处表示建立学校,主语与动词build之间是被动关系,根据“next year”可知,句子要用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构,故填will be built。
38.句意:今天越来越多的外国人对中国民间音乐感兴趣。根据“more and more foreign people…Chinese folk music”及备选词,可知,此处表示对民间音乐感兴趣,be interested in“对……感兴趣”,句子是一般现在时,主语是复数形式,be用are,故填are interested in。
39.句意:据报道,由于全球变暖,北极熊处于危险之中。根据“because of global warming”及备选词,可知,全球变暖导致了北极熊处于危险之中,故填in danger。
40.句意:—Betty,今天早上10点钟你为什么不在房间?—哦,我正在花园里与我祖母聊天。根据“my grandma”及备选词,可知,与祖母在聊天,描述过去某个时刻正在发生的事情用过去进行时was/were doing的结构,主语I是第一人称,故填was chatting with。
H
(2021·浙江嘉兴市·中考真题)
pride, five, lock, absent, connect
41.It is the ______ time that l have been to China.
42.Sandra, remember to ______ the door when you go out, please!
43.A good student often ______ what he is learning with past experiences.
44.Anna was the ______ of the school after she won the speech competition.
45.John has been ______ from work for two days as he needs to take care of his sick mother.
【答案】
41.fifth
42.lock
43.connects
44.pride
45.absent
【分析】
41.句意:这是我第五次来中国。该句为句型“It is the +序数词+ time +从句”,意为“这是第几次做某事”,结合备选词可知,此处应填数词five的序数词fifth,故填fifth。
42.句意:桑德拉,出门时记得锁门。根据“when you go out”及备选词可知,这里指记得锁门,lock the door意为“锁门”,因remember to do sth.意为“记得做某事”,故填lock。
43.句意:一个好学生经常把他正在学习的东西和过去的经历联系起来。根据“what he is learning with past experiences”及备选词可知,这里指把正在学习的东西和过去的经历联系起来,connect…with…意为“联系……和……”;结合句意,该句为一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,谓语动词connect应用单三形式connects,故填connects。
44.句意:安娜在演讲比赛中获胜后是学校的骄傲。根据“after she won the speech competition”及备选词可知,此处指是学校的骄傲,the pride of意为“是……的骄傲”,故填pride。
45.句意:约翰已经两天没上班了,因为他需要照顾生病的母亲。根据“as he needs to take care of his sick mother”及备选词可知,这里指两天没上班,be absent from意为“缺席”,故填absent。
I
(2021·浙江丽水市·中考真题)
Australia, nearly, suggest, till, take part in
46.I’m right here watching ______ you come back.
47.I ______ an environmental project last Saturday.
48.Carmen loves the ______ singer Dan Dervish very much.
49.If you’re looking for some birthday gifts, here is my ______.
50.It takes ______ half an hour to get to the park from my home.
【答案】
46.till
47.took part in
48.Australian
49.suggestion
50.nearly
【分析】
46.句意:我就在这儿看着你回来。此处需要连词连接两个句子,选择till“直到”,引导时间状语从句,故填till。
47.句意:上星期六我参加了一个环境项目。此处需要动词作谓语,根据“an environmental project”可知,选择take part in“参加”,根据“last Saturday”可知,是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填took part in。
48.句意:卡门非常喜欢澳大利亚歌手丹·德维什。根据“Dan Dervish”和常识可知,选择Australia“澳大利亚”,此处作定语修饰singer,用其对应的形容词。故填Australian。
49.句意:如果你正在寻找一些生日礼物,这是我的建议。分析“If you’re looking for some birthday gifts, here is my…”和备选词可知,suggest“建议”符合语境,此处作表语表单数,用名词形式,故填suggestion。
50.句意:从我家到公园几乎要花半个小时。分析“It takes…half an hour to get to the park from my home.”和备选词可知,nearly“几乎”符合语境,在句中作状语,故填nearly。
【2020年】
2020年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题18 词汇运用
考点4选词填空
一、【2020 •贵州省安顺市】
第二节根据语境,选择恰当的短语完成下列各句。短语中有一个为多余短语。
pull together a pair of work out such as thousands of are thirsty for
61. The students in my school ________ knowledge and are very hard-working.
62. I believe if we ________, our table tennis team can do much better next time.
63. Eric bought his father ________ black shoes with his pocket money on Father’s Day.
64. Giant pandas are one of our national treasures. They are seen by ________ people every year.
65. Exercise ________ playing sports is fun. We can spend time with friends as we play together.
【答案与解析】
61. are thirsty for
【解析】句意:我们学校的学生求知欲强,学习很努力。
根据句中are very hard-working提示,此处指的是学生们求知欲很强。备选短语中are thirsty for意为“渴求”,符合句意,故答案为are thirsty for。
62. pull together
【解析】句意:我相信如果我们齐心协力,我们的乒乓球队下次会做得更好。
根据句中our table tennis team can do much better next time,此处指的是如果我们齐心协力,我们的乒乓球队下次会做得更好。备选短语中pull together意为“齐心协力”,且主句为一般现在时,故if引导的条件状语从句应用一般现在时,主语为we,故动词pull应用原形,故答案为pull together。
63. a pair of
【解析】句意:埃里克在父亲节那天用零花钱给他父亲买了一双黑鞋子。
根据句中black shoes提示,此处指的是一双黑鞋子。备选短语中a pair of意为“一双、一对”,符合句意,故答案为a pair of。
64. thousands of
【解析】句意:大熊猫是我们的国宝之一。每年都有成千上万的人来看它们。
根据句中Giant pandas are one of our national treasures可知,大熊猫是我们的国宝之一,每年都有成千上万的人来看它们。备选短语中thousands of意为“成千上万的”,符合句意,故答案为thousands of。
65. such as
【解析】句意:运动类的锻炼很有趣。我们可以和朋友们一起玩。
根据句意及句子结构,空格处应填入意为“例如”的短语。备选短语中such as意为“例如”,符合句意,故答案为such as。
二、【2020 •贵州省黔西南州】
根据句意,在方框中选用合适的词或短语,用其适当形式完成下列句子。每个选项只能选用一次,注意其中有两项为多余选项。
after;during;pollute;do;pay for;animal;work
56. China has made great progress ________ the past forty years.
57. We should be friendly to ________. We are all living in the same world.
58. How much did you ________ your new bicycle?
59. If the air is ________. It is dangerous and will do harm to our health.
60. My father is a good teacher who ________ for his students day and night.
【答案与解析】
56. during【解析】句意:在过去的四十年里,中国取得了巨大的进步。
根据句意及句子结构,空格处应填入意为“在……期间”的单词或短语。备选单词或短语中during作介词,意为“在……期间”,符合句意,故答案为during。
57. animals 【解析】句意:我们应该对动物友好一些。我们都生活在同一个世界里。
根据句意及句子结构,空格处应填入意为“动物”的单词或短语。备选单词或短语中animal作名词,意为“动物”,且种类不止一种,故应用复数形式,故答案为animals。
58. pay for【解析】句意:你买新自行车花了多少钱?
根据句意及句子结构,空格处应填入意为“支付”的单词或短语。备选单词或短语中pay for意为“支付”,且前面已有表一般过去时的助动词did,故动词pay应用原形,故答案为pay for。
59. polluted 【解析】句意:如果空气被污染。这样是很危险的,会对我们的健康造成危害。
根据句意及句子结构,空格处应填入意为“被污染”的单词或短语。备选单词或短语中pollute作动词,意为“污染”,且位于“is +过去分词”的被动语态结构中,故答案为polluted。
60. works【解析】句意:我父亲是个好老师,他日夜都在为学生工作。
根据句意及句子结构,空格处应填入意为“工作”的单词或短语。备选单词或短语中work作动词,意为“工作”,且先行词teacher为第三人称单数,故动词work应用第三人称单数形式,故答案为works。
三、【2020 •浙江省嘉兴市】
A. 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次。
bottle repeat silent yourself instead of
41. Sam, did you really fix the computer by _______________?
42. This city recycles nearly 85% of its used plastic __________________.
43. I think you should ride your bike to work _______________ going by car.
44. He spoke no English and was completely ______________ during the visit.
45. My grandfather often ____________ that he wants to go back and live in the countryside.
【答案与解析】
41. yourself【解析】句意:山姆,你真的自己修理的这台电脑吗?
根据句中by并结合备选单词可知,此处是by yourself靠你自己,yourself是反身代词,意为“你自己”。故填yourself。
42. bottles 【解析】句意:这个城市回收了它的近85% 的废旧塑料瓶。
根据句中recycles和plastic并结合备选单词可知,此处使用bottle,表示“回收废旧塑料瓶”;bottle是可数名词,意为“瓶子”,此处bottle表示泛指,所以应使用复数形式。故填bottles。
43. instead of 【解析】句意:我觉得你应该骑自行车去上班,而不是开车。
句中going是动名词形式,结合备选单词可知,此处使用instead of,意为“而不是”。故填instead of。
44. silent【解析】句意:他不会说英语,访问期间完全保持沉默。
根据句中“spoke no English”可知,他不会说英语,所以他保持沉默;silent是形容词,意为“沉默的”。故填silent。
45. repeats【解析】句意:我祖父经常重复说他想回乡下生活。
句中有that引导的宾语从句,主语是my grandfather,所以此处需要动词充当谓语;repeat是动词,意为“重复”,可在句中作谓语,my grandfather是第三人称单数形式,所以动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填repeats。
四、【2020 •浙江省金华市】
A. 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
attend beside season sudden take pride in
31. Among the four __________ of year, I like winter best.
32. Usually, parents ___________ the smallest success of their children.
33. We ____________ realized that everything seemed to have changed in one night.
34. Sally is my best friend. She always sits _____________ me silently when I am sad.
35. Everyone likes to __________ Mr. Smith's classes. They are always interesting and lively.
【答案与解析】
31. seasons【解析】句意:在一年的四个季节中,我最喜欢冬天。
根据“I like winter best.”并结合所给词可知,此处应选择season,又因为其前有four修饰,所以用其名词复数形式。故填seasons。
32. take pride in【解析】句意:通常,父母会为他们的孩子取得的最小的成功而感到骄傲。
分析句子可知,此处表示“父母会为他们的孩子取得的最小的成功而感到骄傲”,结合所给词,选择take pride in,翻译为“对……感到骄傲”;又因为本句时态是一般现在时,主语parents表复数,所以用其动词原形即可。故填take pride in。
33. suddenly【解析】句意:我们突然意识到一切似乎在一夜之间都变了。
分析句子可知,此处表示“突然”的含义,结合所给词,选择sudden;又因为此处用于句中修饰动词realized,所以用其副词形式。故填suddenly。
34. beside【解析】句意:萨莉是我最好的朋友。当我伤心时,她总是静静地坐在我旁边。
分析句子可知,此处表示方位,结合所给词,选择beside;此处构成sit beside短语,翻译为“坐在……旁边”。故填beside。
35. attend【解析】句意:每个人都喜欢上史密斯先生的课。他的课总是有趣又活跃。
分析句子可知,此处表示“上课”的含义,构成attend one’s class(es)短语,结合所给词,选择attend;又因为此处用于“like to do sth”结构中,所以用其动词原形即可。故填attend。
五、【2020 •浙江省台州市】
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次。
except customer exactly our praise
36. Your photos are lovely. Do you want to see some of _________?
37. The museum is open daily ________ Mondays.
38. My parents _________ me when I did well at school.
39. I can’t remember _________ what she said.
40. The hotel offers good service to all _________.
【答案与解析】
36. ours【解析】句意:你的照片很漂亮。你想看看我们的吗?
根据上文Your photos are lovely可知,此处指的是“你想看看我们的(照片)吗”,空格处应填入意为“我们的(照片)”的名词性物主代词。备选单词中our可转换为名词性物主代词ours,意为“我们的(照片)”,符合句意,故答案为ours。
37. except【解析】句意:博物馆除星期一外每天开放。
根据句意及句子结构,空格处应填入意为“除了……”的介词。备选单词中except意为“除了……”,符合句意,故答案为except。
38. praised【解析】句意:当我在学校表现好时,父母会表扬我。
根据下文when I did well at school可知,当“我”在学校表现好时,父母会表扬“我”,空格处应填入意为“表扬”的动词。备选单词中praise意为“表扬”,且从句为一般过去时,故主句也应用一般过去时,故动词praise应用过去式,故答案为praised。
39. exactly 【解析】句意:我记不清她说了什么。
根据句意及句子结构,空格处应填入意为“准确地”副词,修饰动词remember。备选单词中exactly意为“准确地”,符合句意,故答案为exactly。
40. customers【解析】句意:这家旅馆为所有顾客提供良好的服务。
根据句中The hotel offers good service可知,旅馆是为顾客提供服务的,空格处应填入意为“顾客”的名词。备选单词中customer意为“顾客”,空格前all提示,customer应用复数形式,故答案为customers。
六、【2020 •浙江省温州市】
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
foot Monday tall smell recently
41. The milk______ sour. Don't drink it.
42. This is a machine to warm our ______ in winter.
43. It is difficult for me to get up early on ______ mornings.
44. I haven't seen Cindy ______. She must be busy with her work.
45. The buildings in Wenzhou are ______ than most buildings in my hometown.
【答案与解析】
41. smells【解析】句意:牛奶闻起来酸了。别喝它。
根据句意可知,此处表示“闻”,结合所给词,选择smell;分析句子可知,本句时态是一般现在时,主语The milk是不可数名词,所以用其动词三单形式。故填smells。
42. feet【解析】句意:这是一台冬天给我们暖脚的机器。
根据句意可知,此处表示“脚”,结合所给词,选择foot;分析句子可知,此处表示复数含义,所以用其名词复数形式。故填feet。
43. Monday【解析】句意:星期一早上早起对我来说是困难的。
根据句意可知,此处表示“星期一”,结合所给词,选择Monday;分析句子可知,此处构成“Monday morning”短语,翻译为“星期一早上”,用于句中作定语修饰其后的名词morning。故填Monday。
44. recently【解析】句意:我最近没有见到辛迪。她一定在忙她的工作。
根据句意可知,此处表示“最近”,结合所给词,选择recently;分析句子可知,此处用于句中修饰整个句子,所以用其副词形式即可。故填recently。
45. taller【解析】句意:温州的建筑比我家乡的大多数建筑都高。
根据句意可知,此处表示“高”,结合所给词,选择tall;分析句子可知,此处用于句中作表语,又因为句中有比较级标志词than,所以用其形容词比较级形式。故填taller。
2020年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题18 词汇运用
考点4选词填空
一、【2020 •黔南州】
根据句意,在方框中选用合适的词或短语,用其适当形式完成下列句子。每个选项只能选用一次,注意其中有两项为多余选项。
during unless sky time arrive proper put up
56. Hurry up, Harry. Our friends ________ in half an hour.
57. I usually sleep with the window open ________ it’s really cold.
58. There we ________ tents and made a fire to keep us warm.
59. The students who are good at writing can always use words ________.
60. Because of the good environment, it is easy for us to see the blue ________ now.
【答案与解析】
56. will arrive【解析】句意:快点,哈利。我们的朋友半小时后到。根据句意可知,空格处应填入意为“到达”的单词。备选单词或短语中arrive意为“到达”,且根据in half an hour提示,句子应用一般将来时,故答案为will arrive。
57. unless【解析】句意:我通常开着窗户睡觉,除非真的很冷。根据句意可知,空格处应填入意为“除非”的单词。备选单词或短语中unless意为“除非”,符合句意,故答案为unless。
58. put up【解析】句意:我们在那里搭起帐篷生火取暖。根据句意可知,空格处应填入意为“挂起,搭建”的单词。备选单词或短语中put up意为“挂起,搭建”,且根据并列谓语made提示,动词put应用过去式,故答案为put up。
59. properly【解析】句意:擅长写作的学生总是能恰当地使用单词。根据句意可知,空格处应填入意为“适当地”的单词。备选单词或短语中proper的副词形式为properly,在句中修饰动词use,故答案为properly。
60. sky【解析】句意:因为环境好,我们现在很容易看到蓝天。根据句意可知,空格处应填入意为“天空”的单词。备选单词或短语中sky意为“天空”,为不可数名词,故答案为sky。
二、【2020 •江苏省淮安市】
A) 根据句子意思,从方框中选用恰当的单词或短语填空。
carefully, too much traffic, in order, difficulty, so far,
pushing for, is afraid of, keep in touch with, hurry
46. Because of ________, I was late for the meeting.
47. It's too dark outside. Sandy ________ going out alone.
48. One of the good ways to love parents is to ________ them.
49. The little boy has no ________ expressing himself clearly in English.
50. You always put things here and there. You should learn to keep them ________.
51. Mother told me to go through the papers ________ before the exam was over.
52. The Journey to the West(《西游记》)has been translated into several languages ________.
53. Huawei built by Ren Zhengfei is ________ the development of Chinese science and technology.
【答案与解析】
46. too much traffic【解析】句意:由于交通太拥挤,我开会迟到了。根据题干中“I was late for the meeting”讲开会迟到了,结合备选词可推出是因为交通太拥挤,用“too much traffic”符合题意。故答案为too much traffic。
47. is afraid of【解析】句意:外面太黑了。桑迪害怕一个人出去。根据题干中“It's too dark outside.”讲外面天太黑,结合备选词可推出是害怕一个人出去,用“is afraid of”符合题意。故答案为is afraid of。
48. keep in touch with【解析】句意:爱父母的好方法之一就是和他们保持联系。根据题干中“One of the good ways to love parents”讲爱父母的方法之一,结合备选词可推出是和他们保持联系,用“keep in touch with”符合题意。故答案为keep in touch with。
49. difficulty【解析】句意:这个小男孩用英语清楚地表达自己没有困难。根据题干中“has no _____ expressing himself”,结合备选词可推出此处用difficulty构成短语have no difficulty doing sth.意为“做某事没有困难”。故答案为difficulty。
50. in order【解析】句意:你总是把东西到处乱放。你应该学会让它们有秩序。根据题干中“You always put things here and there.”讲到东西乱放,可推出要让东西有秩序,结合备选词可知要用in order构成短语keep sth. in order表示“使……整齐有序”。故答案为in order。
51. carefully【解析】句意:母亲叫我在考试结束前把考卷仔细检查一遍。根据题干中“to go through the papers ____ before the exam was over.”讲到考试结束前检查试卷,结合备选词可知是要仔细检查,用carefully符合题意。故答案为carefully。
52. so far【解析】句意:到目前为止,《西游记》已经被翻译成好几种语言。根据题干中“has been translated”可知句子用现在完成时,句中缺少状语,结合备选词可知用so far表示“到目前为止”,在句中作时间状语。故答案为so far。
53. pushing for【解析】句意:由任正非创办的华为正在推动中国科学技术的发展。根据空后“the development of Chinese science and technology”讲中国科学技术的发展,结合备选词可知要用“pushing for”表示“推动”,与空前is构成现在进行时。故答案为pushing for。
三、【2020 •南通市】
B.请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词,并用其适当形式填空,使句子通顺。
draw we wise forty survey
51. Natural resources on the Earth are limited, so people should use them _________.
52. Della expects to give her father an unusual gift on his ______ birthday.
53. Neither May nor I will tell this to others. We promise to keep the secret to _______.
54. Recently Mr Wu has carried out several ________ to improve the students’ daily habits.
55. Leo with his cousin goes to the _______ Club at the community center twice a week.
【答案与解析】
51. wisely【解析】句意:地球上的自然资源是有限的,所以人们应该明智地使用它们。修饰动宾短语use them用副词,故填wisely。
52. fortieth 【解析】句意:黛拉希望在她父亲四十岁生日时给他一份不同寻常的礼物。表示“第四十个生日”用序数词,故填fortieth。
53. ourselves 【解析】句意:我和梅都不会把这件事告诉别人。我们保证保守这个秘密。keep the secret to oneself保守秘密,主语是we,对应的反身代词是ourselves, 故填ourselves。
54. surveys 【解析】句意:最近吴老师进行了几项调查来改善学生的日常习惯。有several修饰,用复数名词,故填surveys。
55. Drawing【解析】句意:里奥和他的表弟每周去社区中心的绘画俱乐部两次。the Drawing Club“绘画俱乐部”,故填Drawing。
四、【2020 •南通市】
C.请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词并用其适当时态填空,使句子通顺。
last paint develop visit seem
56. I ______ the wall several times yesterday. However, the rain has just washed the colour off.
57. Boys and girls, join in the summer camp, and you ________ some basic life skills.
58. It ________ too late. Let’s have a rest and work on the plan tomorrow morning, shall we?
59. Those foreigners couldn’t stop taking photos while they _______ the Suzhou Gardens.
60. The film festival _______ for a week. You will have one more week to enjoy films for free.
【答案与解析】
56. painted【解析】句意:昨天我刷了好几遍墙。然而,雨水刚刚把颜色洗掉。根据the rain has just washed the colour off.可知,此处表示给墙刷漆,根据yesterday可知,此处用一般过去时,故填painted。
57. will develop 【解析】句意:小朋友们,参加夏令营吧,你会学到一些基本的生活技能。develop skills学会技能,根据“祈使句+and+一般将来时”的句型可知,故填will develop。
58. seems【解析】句意:似乎太晚了。让我们休息一下,明天上午执行这个计划,好吗?seem+形容词,表示似乎......,主语it是第三人称单数,谓语用第三人称单数形式,故填seems。
59. were visiting【解析】句意:那些外国人参观苏州园林时,他们忍不住拍照。根据the Suzhou Gardens可知,此处表示参观苏州园林,根据couldn't可知,while引导的时间状语主句用过去时,从句用过去进行时,主语they是复数形式,谓语用复数形式,故填were visiting。
60. has lasted【解析】句意:电影节已经持续了一个星期。您将有一周的时间免费欣赏电影。根据for a week可知,此处表示持续了一周,与for+时间段连用,用现在完成时,主语the film festival是第三人称单数,谓语用第三人称单数形式,故填has lasted。
五、【2020 •徐州市】
A)选用方框内的单词或词组填空,其中有一个单词或词组是多余的。
check without private indoors outside works of art
46. I like being ____________, near beautiful lakes and hills.
47. — What time is it?
— I have no idea. But just a minute, I will ____________ it for you.
48. This is my father’s own ____________ chair. No one else is allowed to use it.
49. There are lots of ___________ in the Palace Museum. Don’t miss them!
50. A serious study of physics is impossible ____________ some knowledge of maths.
【答案与解析】
46. outside【解析】句意:我喜欢在外面,靠近美丽的湖光山色。根据“near beautiful lakes and hills”可知,我喜欢在外面,故此处应为outside外面。故答案为outside。
47. check【解析】句意:——几点了?——我不知道。请稍等,我帮你查一下。根据语境可知,我不知道现在几点,所以我会帮着查一下。check检查,动词,句中will后应用其原形。故答案为check。
48. private【解析】句意:这是我父亲自己的私人椅子。其他人不得使用。根据“No one else is allowed to use it”可知,这是我父亲的私人椅子。private私人的,形容词,作定语修饰名词chair。故答案为private。
49. works of art【解析】句意:故宫里有许多艺术品。不要错过它们!根据“There are lots of _____ in the Palace Museum”可知,故宫里有许多艺术品。work of art艺术品,可数名词,根据空格前lots of可知,此处应用其复数形式。故答案为works of art。
50. without【解析】句意:没有一定的数学知识,认真学习物理是不可能的。根据语境可知,没有数学知识,认真学习物理是不可能的,故此处应为介词without表没有。故答案为without。
六、【2020 •青岛市】
A. 用所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
dream, shine, give out, win, hold
41. The boy ________ high praise for his efforts to help his classmates last term.
42. Happiness ________ in the doctor's eyes every time she sees a patient get well.
43. A classical concert ________ online next month.
44. Some climbers ________ of getting to the top of Mount Qomolangma for a long time.
45. Lucy ________ the new books when I entered the classroom.
【答案与解析】
41. won【解析】句意:这个男孩因上学期努力帮助同学而获得高度赞扬。根据空后的搭配“…high praise”高度赞扬可知,win的意思合适,意为“赢,赢得”。由句中的last term可知,应用一般过去时态。故答案为won。
42. shines【解析】句意:每次看到病人康复,这个医生的眼睛里都闪烁着幸福的光芒。根据句意以及空后的搭配“in the doctor’s eyes”可知,这里表示“在眼中闪耀着……”,选择shine,意为“闪耀”。由后半句中“every time she sees…”可知,该句用一般现在时态,主语Happiness是单数,谓语动词用三单形式。故答案为shines。
43. will be held【解析】句意:下个月将举行一场网上古典音乐会。由句意可知,这里表示“举办音乐会”,选择hold,意为“举办”。主语A classical concert与动词构成被动关系,应用被动语态;且时间状语为next month,应用一般将来时。故答案为will be held。
44. have dreamed【解析】句意:有些登山者长时间以来一直梦想着登上珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰。根据句意可知,这里表示“梦想着……”,选择dream,意为“梦想”,用于短语dream of…“梦想做某事”。由句中的时间状语for a long time可知,该句应用现在完成时态,主语为复数。故答案为have dreamed。
45. was giving out【解析】句意:我走进教室时,Lucy正在分发新书。由句意可知,这里表示“发新书”,应选择短语give out,意为“分发”。再根据语境“when I entered the classroom”可知,这里表示一个过去正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时,主语为单数。故答案为was giving out。
七、【2020•武汉市】
仔细阅读下面五个句子,然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空,使每个句子在结构、句义和逻辑上正确。(提示:方框中有一个单词或短语是多余的。)
personal / move up / travel / possible / leave / worry about
46. It's wrong and dangerous to ______ children under a certain age alone in the house.
47. As you walk there, you can feel the energy from your feet ______ your body.
48. Maybe you fear that you won't be able to find anything good to eat when you ______.
49. The first resolution is about my own ______ improvement.
50. This story reminds us that you can never know what's ______ unless you try to make it happen.
【答案与解析】
46. leave 句意:把不到一定年龄的孩子单独留在家里是错误和危险的。分析句子结构可知不定式符号to后用动词原形。根据空后“children under a certain age alone”结合备选词可推出此处要用leave表示“留下”,leave sb. alone留下某人一个人。故答案为leave。
47. move up 句意:当你走到那里,你可以感觉到能量从你的脚向上移动到你的身体。
分析句子结构可知feel后接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。根据题干中“your feet ____ your body”可知是从脚到身体,由此可推出是从下到上,结合备选词可知要用move up表示“上升”。故答案为move up。
48. travel 句意:也许你担心在旅行时找不到好吃的东西。分析句子结构可知从句中缺少谓语动词。根据题干中“Maybe you fear that you won't be able to find anything good to eat”讲担心找不到好吃的,结合备选词可知用“travel”表示“旅行”。when引导的时间状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,从句中主语you是第二人称,谓语动词用原形。故答案为travel。
49. personal句意:第一个决心与自我提升有关。根据题干中“my own ____ improvement”可知此处要用形容词修饰名词improvement,备选词中形容词personal意为“个人的”,possible意为“可能的”,决心一般是与个人有关的,用personal符合题意。故答案为personal。
50. possible句意:这个故事提醒我们,你永远不知道什么是可能的,除非你尝试去实现它。
根据句意“你永远不知道什么是____,除非你尝试去实现它”,结合备选词可知要用possible表示“可能的”,在句中作表语。故答案为possible。
八。、【2020•湖北省恩施州】
Neither across communicating with confident a symbol of comfortable
46.The bright sunshine is ____________ another fine day.
47.We can _____________ get together often nor go to the crowded places during the special period.
48.We should be always _____________ about our motherland.
49.I have to walk_____________ a river when I go to school.
50.In some way, smart phones prevent us from _____________ our families.
【答案与解析】
46.a symbol of句意:明媚的阳光象征着又一个晴天。结合句意,明媚的阳光是晴天的象征,故填a symbol of。
47.neither句意:在特殊时期,我们既不能经常聚会,也不能去拥挤的地方。
neither...nor...“既不,也不”,故填neither。
48.confident句意:我们应该对祖国始终充满信心。be confident about对......充满信心,故填confident。
49.across 句意:当我去上学时,我必须走过一条河。walk across“走过”,故填across。
50.communicating with句意:在某种程度上,智能手机阻碍了我们与家人的交流。prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”,故填communicating from。
九、【2020•湖北省十堰市】
thank, five, take after, true, invention, beautiful, look after
46.May is the ________ month of a year.
47.We are so ________ for all the support we received.
48.Sam has to ________ his little sister while his mom is away.
49.Don't argue with your parents. They ________ care about you.
50.Tea is the most important drink in the world. It is an accidental ________.
【答案与解析】
46.fifth句意:五月是一年中的第五个月。根据空后的month of a year及空前的May可知,空处是表达第五个月,结合所提供单词可知,应该用five的序数词形式fifth。故填fifth。
47.thankful句意:我们非常感谢我们所得到的所有支持。根据空前的are及空后的“for all the support we received”可知,此处是表达“对……感谢”be thankful for,结合所提供单词可知,此处应该用thank的形容词形式thankful。故填thankful。
48.look after句意:山姆的妈妈不在的时候,他必须照顾他的妹妹。根据空后的“while his mom is away”可知,此处是表达“照顾他的妹妹”,根据空前的has to可知,此处应该用动词原形。故填look after。
49.truly句意:不要和你父母争论。 他们真的很关心你。根据空后的care about you可知,空处应该用副词来修饰实义动词,结合所提供单词可知,此处是表达“真的”很关心你,所以空处应该用形容词true的副词形式truly。故填truly。
50.invention句意:茶是世界上最重要的饮料。 这是一个偶然的发明。根据空前的an accidental可知,空处应该是可数名词单数形式;根据前面“Tea is the most important drink in the world”可知,空处应该是表达一个偶然的“发明”invention。故填invention。
【2019年】
2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题18 词汇运用
考点4选词填空
一、【2019 •浙江省绍兴市】
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次(每空一词)。
aloud lock behave their low
(1)Make sure the door is ________ when you leave the room.
(2)It's so cold today. The temperature may be the ________ this winter.
(3)The pain in his leg made him cry ________.
(4)Mary always ________ so well that everyone likes her.
(5)When our washing machine broke, our neighbors let us use ________.
【答案与解析】
(1)locked 句意:离开房间时一定要锁门。根据句子结构可知,缺少谓语动词,要用lock。door与lock之间是被动关系,要用被动语态be +过去分词。空格前有is,要用lock的过去分词locked,故答案为locked。
(2)lowest 句意:今天很冷。今年冬天气温可能是最低的。根据空格前有be和the,要用形容词最高级。由this winter,这个冬天,可知温度最低的,要用low的最高级lowest,故答案为lowest。
(3)aloud 句意:他的腿疼得他大声哭了起来。根据cry,哭泣,动词,修饰动词要用副词,要用aloud,此处要用原级aloud,故答案为aloud。
(4)behaves 句意:玛丽总是表现得很好,每个人都喜欢她。根据句子结构可知缺少谓语动词。由 everyone likes her,可知一定是行为表现好,要用behave,表现;always,总是,频率副词,常与一般现在时连用;主语Mary,第三人称单数,谓语动词behave的第三人称单数behaves,故答案为behaves。
(5)theirs 句意:当我们的洗衣机坏了,邻居们让我们用他们的。根据use,使用,及物动词,要接宾语。且后面没有名词,要用名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词their 的名词性物主代词theirs,故答案为theirs。
二、【2019 •湖北省武汉市】
仔细阅读下面五个句子,然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空,使每个句子在结构、句义和逻辑上正确。(提示:方框中有一个单词或短语是多余的。)
brought work out interesting try out left bright
46. Our hometown has ____ many soft and sweet memories in our heart.
47. They are seen as ____ symbols of happiness and good wishes.
48. Mary decided to _____ for a job at an after-school reading program last year,
49. We usually plan to do something______, or go somewhere together.
50. Although the storm broke many things apart, it ______ families and neighbors closer together.
【答案与解析】
46. left 句意:我们的家乡在我们心中留下了许多温馨的回忆。本句是现在完成时,其构成has/have done sth.;leave sth. sp.:把某物留在某处,leave…in one’s heart:把……留在心中,leave:留下,过去式left;结合句意和所给词可知填left。
47. bright 句意:它们被视为幸福和美好愿望的鲜明象征。本词修饰名词symbols,可知填形容词;bright:明亮的,鲜明的;结合句意和所给词可知填bright。
48. try out 句意:玛丽去年决定在一个课后阅读班找份工作。短语decide to do sth.:决定做某事;try out for. 是“参加……选拔”的意思;结合句意和所给词可知填try out。
49. interesting 句意:我们通常计划做一些有趣的事情,或者一起去某个地方。形容词修饰不定代词要后置,something interesting:有趣的事情;结合句意和所给词可知填interesting。
50. brought 句意:尽管风暴把许多事情都分开了,但它使家庭和邻居更紧密地联系在一起。本句是Although 引导的让步状语从句,从句时态是一般过去时,可知主句时态是一般过去时(Although引导的时间状语从句,主从句时态一般保持一致)。bring sb closer together:和某人的关系更亲密,bring的过去式是brought;结合句意和所给词可知填brought。
三、【2019 •浙江省温州市】
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
above plant child since rain
41. ___________ like listening to stories by Andersen at bed time.
42. I usually play with my little sister at home on _____________ days.
43. Adam has been working in the hospital ____________ he left school.
44. One hundred trees __________ along the riverside yesterday afternoon.
45. Qomolangma, the world Highest mountain is about 8,848 metres __________ sea level.
【答案与解析】
41. Children 根据_____ like listening to stories by Andersen at bed time.结合备选词汇,可知应选择child“孩子”,可数名词单数;句意是:孩子们喜欢在睡觉时听安徒生的故事。由句中的谓语动词like可知这里应用child的复数形式children;又因其位于句首,所以第一个字母要大写,故答案填Children。
42. rainy 根据I usually play with my little sister at home on ____ days. 结合备选词汇,可知应选择rain“雨”,名词;句意是:我通常在下雨天和我的小妹妹在家里玩。设空处修饰后面的名词days,所以这里应用rain的形容词形式rainy“下雨的”,on rainy days“在下雨天”,故答案填rainy。
43. since 根据Adam has been working in the hospital ____ he left school. 结合备选词汇,可知应选择since“自从……之后、自从……以来”;句意是:Adam自从离开学校以后就一直在医院工作。since后接某一时间点,主句谓语动词是持续性动词,常与现在完成时连用,故答案填since。
44. were planted 根据One hundred trees _____ along the riverside yesterday afternoon.结合备选词汇,可知应选择plant“种植”,动词;句意是:昨天下午在河边种了一百棵树。主语trees与动词plant之间存在被动关系,所以应用被动语态,由yesterday afternoon可知句子时态用一般过去时,一般过去时的被动语态构成为:was/were+动词的过去分词;主语trees是复数,所以be动词用were,plant的过去分词是planted;故答案填were planted。
45. above 根据Qomolangma, the world Highest mountain is about 8,848 metres _____ sea level. 结合备选词汇,可知应选择above“在……上方”,介词,above sea level“海拔高度”;句意是:世界最高峰,珠穆朗玛峰,海拔8, 848米。故答案填above。
四、【2019 •山东省青岛市】
用所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
require, organize, wait, connect, sell
41. Jack is a good learner because he always _________ what he needs to learn with something interesting.
42. English Day is coming, and we ________ an English party soon.
43. He_____________ to hand in his science report last week.
44. The writer is so popular that he _____________ more than 200,000 books so far.
45. —Where is Grace?
— She is at the gate of the theatre. She _____________ in line to buy tickets.
【答案与解析】
41. connects 句意:杰克是个很好的学习者,因为他总是把需要学习的东西和有趣的东西联系起来。connect…with…把……和……联系起来,根据频率副词always判断,because引导的原因状语从句的时态为一般现在时,因为主语he是第三人称单数,动词用三单形式,故答案为connects。
42. will organized 句意:英语节就要到了,我们不久将组织一个英语晚会。soon“不久”,用于一般将来时态的句子中,结合句意可知,答案为will organize。
43. was required 句意:上周他被要求提交他的科学报告。根据句意可知,选择动词“require”,last week是表示过去的时间状语,句子的时态为一般过去时,而主语he与require之间是被动的关系,一般过去时态被动语态的构成为were/was+过去分词,故答案为was required。
44. has sold 句意:这位作家很受欢迎,到目前为止已售出20多万本书。根据句意可知,选择动词sell;so far到目前为止,用于现在完成时态的句子中,其构成为have/has+过去分词,主语he是第三人称单数,助动词用has,故答案为has sold。
45. is waiting 句意:——格蕾丝在哪里?——她在剧院门口,她正在排队买票。wait in line排队等候。问句是询问格蕾丝在哪里,是询问当前的情况,答语是回答某人在某地或回答某人正在做什么,故此句的时态为现在进行时,答案为is waiting。
五、【2019 •江苏省连云港市】
从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空(每个词或短语只能用一次)。
possible; tidy; go on a school trip; rain hard; have a fever;
look for; such as; be strict with; take place; pass away
56. —Timmy, your bedroom is dirty and _________________.
—Sorry, Mum. I'll clean it right away.
57. —You look so worried. What can I do for you?
—I _______________ my key. Have you seen it?
58. Louis Cha Leung-yung, one of the greatest Chinese writers, __________last year. He built a fantastic wuxia world and created different types of heroes.
59. Do scientists agree that there's a __________ that humans in the future would live on Mars?
60. It______________, but the boys went on playing football on the playground.
61. The Smiths ______________their children about table manners and always remind them to behave well.
62. —I ________________ since last night.
—You'd better go to see a doctor.
63. Alibaba opened a hotel in which a series of tasks _____________check-in, light control and room service can be done by AI and robots.
64. The rainy season usually_______________ from June to September in my hometown.
65. —More than 20 international students __________ with us next week, won't they?
—Yes, they will.
【答案与解析】
56. untidy 句意“——蒂米,你的卧室脏且不整洁。——对不起妈妈,我立刻打扫”。根据I'll clean it right away以及空前dirty可知,空处表示“不整洁的”。untidy不整洁的,故填untidy。
57. am looking for 句意“——你看起来很担忧,我能为你做点什么吗?——我正在找我的钥匙,你看到它了吗?”。根据句意可知,表示“钥匙丢了,我正在寻找钥匙”。look for寻找,用现在进行时,主语为I,故填am looking for。
58. passed away 句意“去年,中国最伟大的作家之一查良镛去世。他创造了迷人的武侠世界并且创造不同类型的英雄”。根据句意可知,译为“去世”。pass away去世,且根据last year可知,用一般过去时,故填passed away。
59. possibility 句意“科学家们同意未来人类有可能生活在火星上吗”。根据空前a可知,空处用名词,possibility可能性,故填possibility。
60. was raining hard 句意“雨下得很大,但是男孩们继续在操场上踢足球”。根据句意可知,译为“雨下得很大”,且表示正在下雨,根据went可知,用过去完成时,主语为it,故填was raining hard。
61. are strict with 句意“史密斯一家人关于餐桌礼仪方面对孩子们很严格并且总是提醒他们要表现得好”。根据句意可知,译为“对……严格”。根据remind可知,用一般现在时,且主语为the Smiths,用复数,故填are strict with。
62. have had a fever 句意“——自从昨天晚上,我已经发烧了。——你最好去看医生”。have a fever发烧,且根据since last night可知,用现在完成时,主语为I,故填have had a fever。
63. such as 句意“阿里巴巴开了一个酒店,在这里例如登记入住、照明调节、房间服务一系列任务都由人工智能和机器人完成”。根据句意可知,译为“例如”。such as例如,故填such as。
64. takes place 句意“在我的家乡,雨季通常发生在7月到9月”。take place发生,且根据usually可知,用一般现在时,主语为the rainy season可知,用单数,故填takes place。
65. will go on a school trip 句意“——下周将有20多名国际学生和我们一起去学校旅行,对吧?——是的”。go on a school trip参加学校旅行,且根据next week可知,用一般将来时,故填will go on a school trip。
2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题18 词汇运用
考点4选词填空
一、【2019 •浙江省金华、义乌、丽水市】
用所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
Asia treat silent anybody pay for
31. Hearing the bad news, he sat down ____.
32. Spring Festival is celebrated in many ____ countries.
33. It’s terribly hot outside. There isn’t ____ in the square.
34. The old man takes good care of his dog and ____ it as a friend.
35. I’m so excited that my parents agreed to ____ my trip to France.
【答案与解析】
31. silently 根据题干Hearing the bad news, he sat down ____.结合备选词汇,可知应选择silent,意为“沉默的”,形容词;句意为:听到这个坏消息,他默默地坐了下来。设空处修饰前面的动词短语,所以应用silent的副词形式silently“默默地”,故答案填silently。
32. Asian 根据题干Spring Festival is celebrated in many ____ countries.结合备选词汇,可知应选择Asia“亚洲”,名词;句意为:许多亚洲国家都庆祝春节。设空处修饰后面的名词复数countries,所以这里应用与Asia所对应的形容词Asian“亚洲的”,故答案填Asian。
33. anybody 根据题干It’s terribly hot outside. There isn’t ____ in the square. 结合备选词汇,可知应选择anybody“任何人”;句意为:外面热得要命,广场上一个人也没有。anybody任何人,用于否定句或疑问句中;本句为否定句,故答案填anybody。
34. treats 根据题干The old man takes good care of his dog and ____ it as a friend. 结合备选词汇,可知应选择treat“对待、视为”,动词,treat… as“把…当作”;句意为:这位老人把他的狗照顾得很好,并且把它当作朋友。and连接两个并列成分,在本句中是连接takes good care of his dog和____ it as a friend,主语都是The old man,为第三人称单数,所以动词treat也要用第三人称单数形式,故答案填treats。
35. pay for 根据I’m so excited that my parents agreed to ____ my trip to France. 结合备选词汇,可知应选择pay for“为…而付钱、付款”;句意为:我太兴奋了,我父母同意支付我去法国旅行的费用。agree to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“同意做某事”,所以此处应用动词原形,故答案填pay for。
二、【2019 •江苏省淮安】
根据句子意思,从方框中选用恰当的单词或短语填空。
in the middle of, make up, less than, choice, no longer
valuable, wisely, live on, broke down
46. Children should be taught to manage their time _________________.
47. As we all know, giant pandas ____________ a special kind of bamboo.
48. My car _______________ on a country road yesterday. I had to ask my friends for help.
49. There is an island _______________ the lake in our hometown.
50. Jazz musicians can ___________ the music while playing.
51. At present, living in the countryside may be a good _______________.
52. The magazine provides lots of _____________ information on fashion.
53. Mr. Smith ____________ works here. It's hard for me to see him as often as before.
【答案与解析】
46. wisely 句意:应该教育孩子们明智地管理时间。这里是副词修饰动词,wisely的意思是“明智地”,根据句意,故填wisely。
47. live on 句意:众所周知,大熊猫靠一种特殊的竹子为食。短语live on…表示靠……为食;这里是一般现在时态,主要是复数,动词用原形。根据句意,故填live on。
48. broke down 句意:我的车昨天在乡村公路上抛锚了。我不得不向朋友求助。短语broke down表示抛锚;根据时间状语yesterday可知用一般过去时态,break的过去式是broken。根据句意,故填broke down。
49. in the middle of 句意:在我们的家乡,湖中央有一个小岛。in the middle of…表示在……中央。根据句意,故填in the middle of。
50. make up 句意:爵士乐手可以一边演奏一边编音乐。make up表示编造,can+动词原形。根据句意,故填make up。
51. choice 句意:目前,住在农村可能是个不错的选择。a good+名词,choice选择。根据句意,故填choice。
52. valuable 句意:这本杂志提供了许多关于时尚的有价值的信息。valuable的意思是“有价值的”,根据句意,故填valuable。
53. no longer 句意:史密斯先生不再在这里工作了。我很难像以前那样经常见到他。no longer表示不再。根据句意,故填no longer。
三、【2019 •浙江省湖州市】
A. tidy B. empty C. collect D. simply E. produce F. promise
36. When we make a ____________ to others, we should keep it.
37. It's a good habit to keep your room ____________ every day.
38. I happened to know that my grandpa used to _____________ tea sets.
39. When travelling in Singapore, You can ___________ speak Putonghua a lot of the time.
40. The Chinese company Huawei is always trying to ________ the best smart phones all by itself.
41. Bob wanted to get something to eat from the fridge, but found it _____________.
【答案与解析】
36. F 句意:当我们给别人做了承诺,我们应该遵守它。根据we should keep it.和选词,可知是make a promise做保证,故选F。
37. A 句意:每天保持你的房间整洁是一个好习惯。根据. It's a good habit to keep your room和选词,可知是tidy整洁的,keep sth+形容词 保持……处于某种状态,故选A。
38. C 句意:我碰巧知道我爷爷过去常常收集茶具。根据句意my grandpa used to _____________ tea sets.和选词,可知是collect收集,故选C。
39. D 句意:当在新加坡旅游时,你确实能很多时间说普通话。根据句意和选词,可知是simply 确实,实在,的确,故选D。
40. E 句意:中国公司华为总是尽力独立生产最好的智能手机。根据The Chinese company Huawei is 和 the best smart phones all by itself.以及选词,可知是produce生产,try to do sth尽力做某事,故选E。
41. B 句意:鲍勃想在冰箱里拿些吃的东西,但是他发现是空的。根据Bob wanted to get something to eat from the fridge, but和选词,可知是empty空的,find sth+形容词发现某物是怎样的,故选B。
四、【2019 •浙江省台州市】
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词仅用一次,每空一词。
she true pride twelve between
46. December is the month of the year.
47. She wants me to meet an old friend of .
48. I’m sorry that things had to end like this.
49. He takes great in his children’s success.
50. The competition is open to kids six and ten years of age.
【答案与解析】
1.twelfth 考查数词。根据语境"十二月是一年中的第十二个月",考虑选择数词twelve,意为"十二",由空前的定冠词the推断此处填序数词形式,故答案为twelfth。
2.hers 考查代词。根据语境"她想让我见见她的一个老朋友",考虑选择代词she,意为"她",由空前的of推断此处填名词性物主代词,故答案为 hers。
3.truly 考查副词。根据语境"我真的很抱歉事情不得不这样结束",考虑选择形容词true,意为"真的",由空后的形容词sorry推断此处填副词形式,故答案为 truly。
4.pride 考查名词。根据语境"他为孩子们的成功感到骄傲",考虑选择名词pride,构成短语take pride in, 意为"为……骄傲",故答案为 pride。
5.between 考查介词。根据语境"比赛对6到10岁的孩子开放",考虑选择介词between,构成短语between... and...,意为"在……与……之间",故答案为 between。
五、【2019 •贵州省安顺市】
根据语境和句意,从方框中选出意思正确的短语并用其适当形式填空。
be afraid of in danger tomato noodle dress up turn off
61. We should save energy by___________ the lights when we leave a room.
62. Many wild animals are___________, so it's time for us to do whatever we can to protect them.
63. —I _____________ crossing the street because there is always too much traffic.
—You can walk across the street when traffic lights are green.
64. Lily is ___________ in her room because she wants to be the most beautiful girl at the party tonight.
65. The students in our school usually have ____________ for breakfast.
【答案与解析】
61. turning off 句意:我们离开房间时应该把灯关掉以节约能源。短语by doing sth.:通过某种方式做某事;turn off:关掉,turn off the lights:关灯;结合句意和所给词可知答案是turning off。
62. in danger 句意:许多野生动物都处于危险之中,所以我们应该尽一切努力保护它们。in danger:处于危险中;根据下文“我们应该尽一切努力保护它们”可知“许多野生动物都处于危险之中”;结合句意和所给词可知答案是in danger。
63. am afraid of 句意:——我害怕过马路,因为交通总是太拥挤。——当红绿灯亮时,你可以穿过马路。根据从句because there is always too much traffic.的时态是一般现在时,可知主句时态是一般现在时;短语be afraid of:害怕……,主语I可知be动词使用am;结合句意和所给词可知答案是am afraid of。
64. dressing up 句意:莉莉正在房间里打扮,因为她想成为今晚聚会上最漂亮的女孩。本句是现在进行时,其构成am/is/are doing sth.;dress up:打扮,盛装打扮,现在分词dressing up;结合句意和所给词可知答案是dressing up。
65. tomato noodles 句意:我们学校的学生早餐通常吃西红柿面条。tomato noodle:西红柿面条,复数tomato noodles;可数名词通常使用复数表示泛指,可数名词单数一般不单独使用;结合句意和所给词可知答案是tomato noodles。
2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题18 词汇运用
考点4选词填空
一、【2019 •贵阳市】
61. Scientists_________are working together to find a cure for AIDS.
62. Everyone _________something, but some people are truly talented.
63. It's very hard for the climbers to________air as they get near the top of Qomolangma.
64. The dragon plays an important part in Chinese festivals.It is______the Chinese nation.
65. ______,many countries hope to build trade relations with China because of the"Belt and Road".
【答案与解析】
61. around the world 句意:世界各地的科学家正在共同努力寻找治疗艾滋病的方法。around the world表示全世界。根据句意,故填around the world。
62. is good at 句意:每个人都擅长某件事,但有些人确实很有天赋。短语be good at…表示擅长……。主语是单数,be动词用is。根据句意,故填is good at。
63. take in 句意:当攀岩者接近珠穆朗玛峰的顶部时,他们很难吸入空气。It's+形容词+to do sth.表示做某事是……;短语take in表示吸入。根据句意,故填take in。
64. a symbol of 句意:龙在中国节日中起着重要 作用,是中华民族的象征。短语a symbol of…表示……的象征。故填a symbol of。
65. In fact 句意:事实上,许多国家希望与中国建立贸易关系,因 “一带一路”。短语in fact表示事实上。根据句意,故填In fact。
二、【2019 •南通市】
请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词,并用其适当形式填空,使句子通顺。
satisfy she leaf decide lucky
51. I like autumn best especially when the _______ on the trees turn brown.
52. ______, the old lady was saved from a big fire by her neighbor yesterday.
53. Professor Li is quite _______ with his students’ creative inventions.
54. I would like to buy some beautiful hair clips different from___________.
55. You’d better think about it again because it is an important____________.
【答案与解析】
51. leaves 句意:我最喜欢秋天,尤其是当树上的叶子变成褐色时。这里是一般现在时态,谓语动词是原形,主要是复数,leaf树叶。复数是leaves,根据句意,故填leaves。
52. Luckily 句意:幸运地 ,这位老太太昨天被邻居从大火中救了出来。Luckily幸运地。根据句意,故填Luckily。
53. satisfied 句意:李教授对学生的创造性发明很满意。短语be satisfied with…表示对……满意。根据句意,故填satisfied。
54. hers 句意:我想买一些不同于她的漂亮的发夹。这里是说她的发卡,her clips相当于 hers,根据句意,故填hers。
55. decision 句意:你最好再考虑一下,因为这是一个重要的决定。根据an important可知下文是名词单数。decision的意思是“决定”,根据句意,故填decision。
三、【2019 •南通市】
请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词,并用其适当时态填空,使句子通顺。
communicate deal lie finish discover
56. We ____________ this beach while we were sailing around the island.
57. —There is something wrong with my computer.
—Don’t worry. I____________ with it for you.
58. —Can you go walking in the park with me, Daisy?
—Sure. I _____________my DIY project.
59. —Where is your daughter, Christopher?
—She ____________ on the grass behind the house.
60. My aunt ____________ with a foreigner when I saw her in the street.
【答案与解析】
56. discovered 句意:当我们在环岛航行时发现了这个海滩。根据while we were sailing around the island.可知这里是一般过去时态。discover的过去式是discovered,根据句意,故填discovered。
57. will deal 句意:-我的电脑出毛病了。-别担心。我会帮你处理的。这里是一般将来时,其结构是will+动词原形,deal with…表示处理……,解决。根据句意,故填will deal。
58. have finished 句意:——-你能和我一起去公园散步吗,黛西?——当然。我已经完成了我的DIY项目。根据语境可知用现在完成时,其结构是have done的形式。根据句意,故填have finished。
59. is lying 句意:——你女儿克里斯托弗在哪里?——她躺在房子后面的草地上。根据语境可知用现在进行时,其结构是be doing的形式。根据句意,故填is lying。
60. was communicating 句意:当我在街上看到我姑妈时,我姑妈正在和一个外国人交流。这里是when引导的时间状语从句,从句是一般过去时态,主句是过去进行时。其结构是be doing的形式。根据句意,故填was communicating。
四、【2019 •贵州省黔南州】
根据句意,从方框中选用合适的词或短语,用其适当形式完成下列句子.每个选项只能选用一次,注意其中有两项为多余选项.
care, photo, teach, provide, bad, playground, look after
(1)A well﹣trained math can bring a classroom to life.
(2)A motorcycle hit Mary yesterday and she was hurt.
(3)Lily is very because she is afraid to make mistakes.
(4)Mr. Smith likes taking .He often goes outside with his camera.
(5)The two sisters will their baby brother when their mother isn't at home.
【答案与解析】
(1)teacher 考查名词.根据语境"一个训练有素的数学老师能使教室变得生动",考虑选择动词teach,意为"教",由空前的冠词A推断此处填名词形式,故答案为 teacher。
(2)badly 考查副词.根据语境"昨天一辆摩托车撞了玛丽,她受了重伤",考虑选择形容词bad,意为"坏的",由空后的hurt推断此处填副词形式,故答案为 badly。
(3)careful 考查形容词.根据语境"莉莉很小心,因为她害怕犯错",考虑选择动词care,意为"关心",由空前的very推断此处填形容词形式,故答案为 careful。
(4)photos 考查名词.根据语境"史密斯先生喜欢拍照.他经常带着照相机出去",考虑选择名词photo,意为"照片",因不止拍一张照片,推断此处填复数形式,故答案为 photos。
(5)look after 考查动词短语.根据语境"当他们的母亲不在家时,这两个姐妹将照看她们的小弟弟 ",考虑选择短语look after,意为"照顾",由空前的will推断此处填原形,故答案为 look after。
五、【2019 •内蒙古呼和浩特市】
用所给词或短语的适当形式填空。
someone wait for decide even though week
as well as high mention Germany try one’s best
61. —Could I ask if you _______________ this to her till now?
—Yes, but she refused to listen.
62. ___________the usual activities, such as sailing and climbing, there was a writing class in the summer camp.
63. On a beach, run away from the sea and move quickly to ____________ground when an earthquake happens.
64. In order to catch the early bus, we had to stop ____________them.
65. As is known to all, __________________who breaks the rules should be punished.
66. He asked for two __________leave to look after his sick father.
67. During the World War Ⅱ, millions of _________lost their lives.
68. —Which sport are you in at the school sports meeting?
—No decision yet. I think it _______after discussing with my PE teacher.
69. The students in Miss Wang’s class are all _______to study hard to go to the university.
70. She won’t leave the TV set, _________her supper is on the table.
【答案与解析】
61. have mentioned 考查动词短语.根据意思:"我能问问你到现在为止是否向她提起过这个吗?是的,但她拒绝听."现在完成时态,have done.故答案是:have mentioned.
62. As well as 考查副词短语.根据意思:"除了通常的活动,如航海和攀岩,夏令营还开设了写作课.",也as well as.故答案是:As well as.
63. higher 考查形容词.根据意思:"在海滩上,当地震发生时,要逃离大海,迅速移动到高地.",更高的higher.故答案是:higher.
64. waiting for 考查动词短语.根据意思:"为了赶上早班车,我们不得不停止等他们.",stop doing停止干某事.故答案是:waiting for.
65. anyone 考查不定代词.根据意思:"众所周知,任何违反规则的人都应该受到惩罚.",任何人anyone.故答案是:anyone.
66. weeks' 考查所有格.根据意思:"他请了两个星期的假来照顾生病的父亲.",所有格以s结尾加',故答案是:weeks'.
67. Germans 考查名词.根据意思:"二战期间,数百万德国人丧生.德国人复数是Germans",故答案是:Germans.
68. will be decided 考查动词短语.根据意思:"你在学校运动会上参加什么运动?还没有决定.我想和我的体育老师商量后决定."一般将来时态被动语态will be done,故答案是:will be decided.
69. trying their best 考查动词短语.根据意思:"王老师班上的学生都在努力学习以便上大学.",现在进行时态be doing.故答案是:trying their best.
70. even though 考查副词短语.根据意思:"即使她的晚餐在桌上,她也不会离开电视机."即使even though,故答案是:even though.
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