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2024届高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第一册Unit4BodyLanguage教师用书
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UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE
一、阅读词汇——在词块中明义
1．four identical houses 四幢相同的房子
2．kiss one's cheek 亲吻某人的脸颊
3．break down a barrier 打破障碍
4．a murder trial 一场谋杀案审讯
5．tick the chosen names 给选中的名字打钩号
6．paint the ceiling 粉刷天花板
7．armed/military intervention 武装/军事干涉
8．the components of a machine 机器零件
二、表达词汇——在语境中活用
(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思
1.However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree.(vt.见证)
2.It is one of the most important incidents in my life, ...(n.发生的事情)
3．She bent forward to pick up the newspaper.(vi.弯曲)
4．Details of the accident were revealed by the local newspaper.(vt.揭示)
5．Stop bothering me when I'm working.(vt.打搅，麻烦)
6．He had to lower his head to get through the door.(vt.降低)
7．These results conflict with earlier findings.(vi.冲突)
8．It is not merely a job, but a way of life.(adv.仅仅)
(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式
1．She asked him to clarify what he meant.(vt.使更清晰易懂)
拓展：clarification n．阐明；澄清
2．I'm ashamed to say that I lied to her.(adj.羞愧的)
拓展：shame n．羞耻；羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的→shameless adj.无耻的
3．Typing patterns vary from person to person.(vi.(根据情况)变化)
拓展：variety n．多种多样，多样化→various adj.各种各样的
4．The Senate approved the bill.(vt.通过)
拓展：approval n．批准；同意
5．(2021年1月新高考8省联考卷)What actually happens is that the magician, employing quick hand movements ... hides one ball.(vt.使用)
拓展：employment n．雇用；工作；就业
6．French differs from English in this respect.(vi.不同于)
拓展：difference n．不同(之处)→different adj.不同的
7．Could you do me a favour and pick up Sam from school today？(n.帮忙)
拓展：favourable adj.赞同的；支持的；有利的
8．We are looking for someone who is reliable and hard-working.(adj.可信赖的)
拓展：rely v．依靠；依赖
9．This game can occupy the kids for hours.(vt.占用)
拓展：occupation n．职业→occupied adj.被占领的；忙于
10．I managed to distract his attention to computer game.(vt.分散)
拓展：distraction n．使人分心的事；消遣；娱乐
11.Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new study.(vi.区分)
拓展：distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的
12．His anxiety has a great effect on his health.(n.焦虑)
拓展：anxious adj.焦虑的；渴望的→anxiously adv.忧虑地；焦急地
13．Some students are too embarrassed to consult their teacher about the problem.(adj.尴尬的)
拓展：embarrass vt.使尴尬；使为难→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embarrassment n．窘迫；尴尬；难堪
14．You can adjust the seat according to your height.(vt.调节)
拓展：adjustment n．调整；适应→adjustable adj.可调节的
15．It is appropriate to let him do the job.(adj.合适的)
拓展：appropriately adv.适当地；恰当地
三、词块短语——在语境中辨义活用
写出或选出加蓝部分在语境中的汉语意思
1．Cherries vary in colour from almost black to yellow.从……到……变化
2．By contrast, he was much more frank.相比之下
3．The poor boy looked down at his shabby shoes.往下看
4．The dress is really cheaper by comparison.比较而言
5．It takes a long time to break down traditional ideas.打破
6．They asked him to leave; in other words, he was fired.换句话说
7．It is impossible to get everybody together at the same time.同时
8．The teacher was still at work when I left the classroom.在工作
9．The film, which is based on a real story, is appealing to large audience.以……为根据
10．Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.提出
11．I don't know how we're going to get through the winter.C
A．完成 B．使理解 C．度过；熬过
12．They are determined to act out their ideal.D
A．将……演出来 B．执行
C．将……激活 D．实现
四、经典句式——在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法
1.
教材原句
However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.(as引导的原因状语从句)
然而，在巴西和德国，你应该避免做出这一手势，因为这是一个被认为不礼貌的手势。
写作亮句
We must have confidence, as it is the key to winning the match.
我们必须要有信心，因为这是赢得比赛的关键。
文化典句
As the people are the creators of history，we should rely on the people.
因为人民是历史的创造者，我们应该依靠人民。
2.
教材原句
Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.(部分否定)
当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。
写作亮句
As there are so many kinds of folk art works，I can't introduce every kind in such a short time.
由于民间艺术作品种类繁多，我不可能在这么短的时间内介绍每一种。
3.
教材原句
Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed, like they are guarding their bodies.(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
愤怒、害怕或焦虑的学生会双臂交叉放在胸前，双腿并拢或交叉，像是在保护自己的身体。
写作亮句
To save resources and protect our environment，we shall never have the water running along.
为了节约能源、保护环境，我们必须随时关闭水龙头。
五、“续写”片段——在背诵中品悟如何写靓写美
环境描写之自然场景
A gentle breeze blew through Jennifer's hair.The golden red sun was setting.She was on the beach, looking up at the fiery ball.She was amazed by its colour, deep red in the middle, softly fading into yellow.She could hear nothing but the waves and the seagulls flying up above in the sky.
一阵微风吹过詹妮弗的头发。金红色的太阳正在落下。她在海滩上，抬头看着火红的球。她被它的颜色惊呆了，中间是深红色，慢慢褪色变黄。她什么也听不见，除了波涛和海鸥在天空中飞翔。
[点评] 本段用“A gentle breeze ...The golden red sun ...on the beach ... the fiery ball. ...deep red in the middle, softly fading into yellow ...the waves and the seagulls flying up ...”等自然景色描写，描绘出了海滩落日安静美丽的画面。
1．witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证n.目击者；证人
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①He was one of the witnesses (witness) at our wedding.
②The old tower has stood on the top of the hill for a thousand years，witnessing (witness) the changes of our town.
③The tea house witnessed_a_really_enjoyable_time for all of us.
茶馆见证了我们所有人真正欢乐的时光。
[系统归纳]
(1)witness sth. 目击/目睹某事
witness to (doing) sth. 为(做)某事作证
(2)be (a) witness to sth. 某事的目击者
2．appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①For the interview itself you should dress smartly and appropriately (appropriate)．
②As for me, I don't think it is appropriate_for_parents_to_quit their jobs in order to provide better conditions for their children.
在我看来，我认为父母为了给他们的孩子提供更好的条件而放弃工作是不合适的。
③It_is_entirely_appropriate_that his music should be played at this festival.
他的音乐在这个节日里演奏是完全适合的。
[系统归纳]
(1)be appropriate to/for 适合于
be appropriate to do sth. 做某事是合适的
It is appropriate that sb. (should) do ... 某人做……是合适的
(2)appropriately adv. 适当地
3．conflict n．矛盾；冲突vi.冲突；抵触
[题点全练](完成句子)
①Putting ourselves in their shoes is of great significance when we conflict_with__friends.
当我们和朋友发生冲突的时候，换位思考是十分重要的。
②Your statement is__in_conflict_with other evidence.
你的陈述与其他证据相冲突。
③You should avoid coming_into_conflict_with your parents.
你应该避免和你的父母发生冲突。
[系统归纳]
in conflict with ... 和……有矛盾/不一致
come into conflict with ... 与……产生矛盾；与……有分歧
conflict with ... 与……相冲突
4．in other words换句话说；也就是说
[题点全练]
用word的相关短语完成句子
①In_a_word,_learning English is not only necessary but also important.
总之，学习英语不仅是必要的，而且是重要的。
②However it may be, I shall keep_my_word.
无论如何，我都将遵守诺言。
③Hearing the story, we were moved beyond_words.
听了这个故事，我们被感动得难以言表。
④He has made another mistake. In_other_words,_he has to leave the company.
他又犯了一个错误。换句话说，他不得不离开这家公司。
[系统归纳]
in a/one word 总之；简言之
keep one's word 遵守诺言
break one's word 失信
have a word with ... 与……谈一谈
have words with ... 与……拌嘴/争吵
beyond words 无法用言语表达
5．break down消除；分解；打破
[题点全练]
用break的相关短语完成句子
①Communication can help break_down the barriers between young men and their parents.
交流有助于消除年轻人与他们父母之间的隔阂。
②The whole country united together and managed to control the spread of COVID-19 after it broke_out.
新冠肺炎爆发后，全国人民团结在一起，设法控制住了它的传播。
③It is bad manners to break_in when people are having a conversation.
当人们谈话的时候，打断别人是不礼貌的。
④The Smiths had their house broken_into last night.
昨晚有人闯入了史密斯家的房子。
[系统归纳]
break away from 脱离(政党)；打破(陈规、陋习)
break in 打断(谈话)；插嘴；闯入
break into 强行闯入；突然开始
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发
break up 解散；粉碎；(关系等)破裂
6．get through度过；熬过；完成；使理解；使明白
[题点全练]
用get的相关短语完成句子
①She found writing helped her get_through__the_rough_days.
她发现写作帮她度过了艰难的日子。
②As an outgoing girl, I get_along/on_well_with my classmates.
作为一个外向的女孩，我和我的同学们相处融洽。
③We must get_over our shortcomings in our work.
我们必须克服我们工作中的缺点。
④I could get_across_my_meaning_to the local people in English.
我能用英语向当地人传达我的意思。
[系统归纳]
get across (sth. to sb.) 使(某事)为(某人)所理解
get on/along with sb. 与某人相处
get away (from) 离开；脱身
get down to doing sth. 开始认真做某事
get over 克服；控制(某种情绪)
1．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Online voting may indeed offer people more opportunities to participate in a variety (vary) of social activities without expending too much effort.
②The students' work varies considerably in quality.
③The importance of being an Olympian will vary from athlete to athlete.
④Upon entering the farm, we were attracted by its cleanness and varieties_of/a_variety_of/various fruits.
一进入农场，我们就被它的干净和各种各样的水果所吸引。
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)vary from ...to ... 从……到……不等
vary in ...在……(大小、形状等)上不同
vary with 随……变化/改变
(2)variety n. 多种多样
a variety of/varieties of 各种各样的
(3)various adj. 各种各样的
难点释解
vary in中的介词in，表示“在……方面”。
[练重难点](完成句子)
⑤The flowers vary_in colour and size.
这些花色彩和大小各异。
2．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于n.帮助；恩惠；赞同
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The terms of the agreement are favourable (favour) to both sides.
②Would you do_me_a_favour and get rid of this letter?
请你帮我个忙把这封信处理掉，行吗？
③Most of the students are__in_favour_of this opinion.
大部分学生支持这个观点。
④When you get into trouble, you can ask_a_favour_of__your_parents.
当你陷入麻烦的时候，你可以向你的父母寻求帮助。
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙
do sb. a favour＝do a favour for sb. 帮某人一个忙
in favour of 支持；赞同
in one's favour 对某人有利
(2)favourable adj. 有利的
难点解释
do sb. a favour或do a favour for sb.结构中，通常用不定冠词，若favour后跟表示具体内容的不定式(短语)或of doing sth.时，则其前常用定冠词。
[练重难点](一句多译)
劳驾帮我把窗户打开。
⑤Do_me_a_favour and open the window.
⑥Do_me_the_favour to open the window.
⑦Do_me_the_favour of opening the window.
3．approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①She doesn't approve of my leaving school this year.
②I would appreciate it if my application could get your approval (approve)．
③The company approved_the_plan by a majority of ninety-nine.该公司以99票的多数票通过了这项计划。
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)approve sth. 批准/通过某事
approve of (sb./sb.'s) doing sth.赞同/同意(某人)做某事
(2)approval n. 赞成，同意；批准
get one's approval 得到某人的同意
give one's approval to 同意；批准
难点解释
approve 作“行政部门的通过”意义时，为及物动词；作“获取他人同意”时，为不及物动词，其后要跟of连用。
[练重难点](完成句子)
④Her parents didn't approve_of_her_marriage.
她父母不同意她的婚姻。
4．differ vi.相异；不同于
[题点全练](完成句子)
①French differs_from English in this respect.
在这方面法语不同于英语。
②Some of the languages used on the Internet are_different_from those used in other forms of communication.
互联网上使用的一些语言不同于其他形式的交流中使用的语言。
③His teaching has made_a_great_difference to my study as well as my life.
他的教导对我的学习和生活都产生了很大的影响。
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)differ from 与……不同/有区别
differ in 在……方面不同
(2)different adj. 不同的，有差异的
be different from 与……不同
(3)difference n. 不同(之处)，差别；分歧
make a difference 有影响；起作用
make no difference 没影响
易错提醒
differ一词的重音在第一个音节上，因此其现在分词、过去式和过去分词直接加-ing或-ed。differ为不及物动词，没有被动语态。
[练重难点](单句语法填空)
④Differing (differ) from that of his boss，his practical idea was rejected.
5．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①These days we rely heavily on computers to_organise (organise) our work.
②We students rely on parents for necessary living items.
③You can rely_on_it_that I can finish the work on time.
你可以相信我能按时完成工作。
④Actually, he is an_honest_and_reliable_person,_whom you can depend on.
实际上，他是一个诚实、可靠的人，你可以信赖他。
[进阶学习]
系统
归纳
rely on/upon sb./sth.指望某人/某事
rely on/upon sb.to do sth. 指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on/upon sb. for 指望/依靠某人获得……
rely on it that ... 相信……；指望……
难点
释解
depend与rely同义，都为不及物动词，其后都要跟介词on/upon构成及物动词。
[练重难点](表达纠误)
⑤He was the sort of person whom you could depend.whom前或depend后加介词on/upon
1．部分否定
[用法规则]
(1)表示“全部”意义的词汇(both，all，everyone，everything，everywhere，always等)与否定词(not等)连用，表示部分否定，翻译为“并非都/总是/处处……”。
(2)全部否定的使用方法：与否定词not连用或直接使用相对应的否定词neither/none/nobody(no one)/nothing/nowhere/never等。
[应用体验]
完成句子
①Unfortunately, not_every_student will succeed in your class.
遗憾的是，并不是你班里的每一个学生都会成功。
②All_the_students_haven't passed the tests.
并非所有的学生都通过了测试。
③The old man doesn't_always_go_for_a_walk in the park after supper.
这位老人并非总是晚饭后去公园散步。
一句多译
他的父母都不是医生。
④Either_of_his_parents_is_not_a_doctor.
⑤Neither_of_his_parents_is_a_doctor.
2．have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[用法规则]
have/has在此处是使役动词，表示“使……发生/做，使……被做”，宾语补足语根据与宾语之间的逻辑关系使用(to) do, doing, done。
[应用体验](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Could I use your computer? I have to have mine repaired (repair) today.
②You'd better have_your_appliances_examined regularly to ensure safety.
为了确保安全，你最好定期检查一下你的电器。
③Don't have_the_horse_working all the day.
不要让这匹马一整天不停地干活。
中外交流越来越频繁，跨文化沟通与交流成为高考的热门话题。该主题有利于引导学生了解中西文化的相互影响和文化差异，从而激发了解不同国家的风俗、文化和交流方式的兴趣。高考常以此主题来考查学生对跨文化沟通交流的深层理解和语言表达能力。如：2018年全国卷Ⅱ书面表达，邀请大家观看一部英文短片Growing Together；2018年北京高考书面表达，写一篇英文周记，记述上周接待外国学生，带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程等。
READING CHINA
(节选自外研版教材选择性必修第四册 UNIT 3)
The world of Chinese literature is one that is familiar to us all.But have you ever stopped to wonder what works are read outside of China and how they are received? Today，four Sinologists and translators share their experience of Chinese literature with us.(以设问的方式引入话题) ...(省略部分介绍了四位汉学家和翻译家的信息)
Q1: How did you get interested in Chinese literature?
Petko: It all started with a movie I watched when I was a boy — The Shaolin Temple.That movie gave me so many reasons to fall in love with China.❶I was amazed by Chinese kung fu, of course — everyone loves kung fu, don't they? I also thought the Chinese language sounded so beautiful, and I found that I liked Chinese music, too — I just loved the movie's theme tune, Song of the Shepherd.(中国影视音乐的吸引力)
Annelous: I became interested in languages at a young age.When I started high school, I began reading books about Chinese history and culture, and this inspired me to choose Chinese Studies as my academic major at university.(中国历史和文化书籍的吸引力)
Joachim: When I was 15 years old, my mother bought me a copy of the classic Shi Ji, or Records of the Grand Historian.Prior to that, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer's epic poems.Records of the Grand Historian was my first encounter with Chinese classical literature.After reading it, I realized the true genius of China's “Grand Historian”， Sima Qian.❷His writing had a profound effect on me, and I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese literature.(文学巨著《史记》的影响力)
Mai: I gradually fell in love with Chinese literature when I started working as a translator.❸Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt are from the English-speaking world, so reading Chinese literature was a stimulating and inspiring experience.(中国文学的独特影响力)
由教材学写法
1．学亮点词汇
第五段中Joachim用expose而不是read来描述自己读过的书，以及下文提到《史记》对自己的影响时用的profound一词，表达了他对所读经典著作的重视。最后一段中的stimulating“激励人的；振奋人心的”，比exciting语气更强烈，生动地描述了Mai对中国文学的极大赞誉。
2．学高级句式
句❶采用反意疑问句的形式，语气强烈地表达了个人看法：人人都喜欢中国功夫。
句❷中并列连词and连接两个并列分句。用并列复合句的形式集中有力地表达了司马迁的文章对Joachim的影响。
句❸中并列连词so连接两个并列分句，逻辑上是因果关系。通过对比埃及文学的特点，得出“读中国文学作品使人振奋，也鼓舞人心”的结论。
3．学行文逻辑
本文写作结构是“总—分” 式。文章先是就采访的主题进行了概述，然后就“你是怎么对中国文学产生兴趣的？”这个问题对四位国外的汉学家、翻译家进行了采访。文章对不同采访对象分享的个人体验分别进行了叙述，但是始终围绕一个中心：中国优秀文化和文学作品对不同国家不同人们都有着很大的积极影响。
Ⅰ.多积词块——丰富表达方式
1．appeal to (sb.) (对某人)有吸引力
2．true to life 逼真
3．on exhibition/display 在展览
4．be of great value 很有价值
5．be open to 向……开放
6．apply ...to ... 把……应用于……
7．be based on 以……为依据
8．be designed for 为……而设计
9．originate from 起源于
10．come into existence 形成
11．take up 从事；接受
12．in the shape of 呈……形状
13．make comments on 对……作出评论
14．sense of beauty 美感
15．dream of 梦想；渴望
16．have an influence on 对……有影响
Ⅱ.多积佳句——彰显表达功底
1．In my view, multi-cultures are extremely vital in ensuring a country's future development and prosperity.
在我看来，文化多样性在确保国家的未来发展和繁荣中至关重要。
2．Economic globalization brings not only opportunities for development but also challenges.Chinese traditional culture is now experiencing unprecedented shock.
经济全球化带来的不仅有发展机遇，也有挑战，中国传统文化正面临前所未有的冲击。
3．The ancient culture of China is one of the great treasures of human civilisation.
中国古代的文化是人类文明最伟大的财富之一。
4．With increased interaction between the world's nations, there is a great urgency for us to absorb different cultures.
随着世界各国间交流的增多，我们迫切需要理解不同的文化知识。
5．Chinese traditional culture is not only certain to survive, but, in fact, is destined to thrive and prosper.
中国传统文化不仅一定可以继续存活下去，而且事实是一定会繁荣发展。
一、作文补写表达亮
下面是一封书信，信中李华就自己学校与俄罗斯一所友好学校，通过网络开展跨文化交流活动一事介绍了自己的设想。请根据提示，运用上面所学，将文章补充完整。
Dear Sir/Madam，
I'd like to ❶_share_my_plan_with_you (和你们分享我的计划) on our Cross Cultural Communication Project.
To be practical, we can have four aspects in our communication. First，❷_a_brief_
self-introduction_is_needed (需要一个简短的自我介绍， 被动语态). Then food culture sharing will surely be the most popular. Besides, each one is expected to describe ❸the_education_they_are_having_in_their_own_middle_schools_ (他们在自己中学接受的教育，定语从句)．Fourth, exchange of skills for language study may ❹be_of_great_value_to_both_sides (对于双方都很有价值，be＋of＋n.)．
All in all, ❺only_with_joint_efforts_can_the_project_be_a_great_success (只有通过共同努力这一项目才能取得重大成功，倒装句)．
Yours，
Li Hua
二、看图写作善联想
根据以下图片结合选取文章的内容，写一段80词左右的片段，描述中国文学对世界的影响。
Chinese_literature_has_a_profound_impact_around_the_world.The_four_great_works_like_Journey_to_the_West_and_A_Dream_in_Red_Mansions_are_known_by_the_world,_arousing_many_foreigners'_passion_for_Chinese_literature.The_old_literature_Master_Sun's_Art_of_War_is_also_popular_among_foreigners.They_are_crazy_about_it_and_hope_to_learn_some_skills_to_help_them_run_business_or_probe_into_the_history_and_appreciate_the_charm.Reading_Chinese_literature_is_so_stimulating_and_inspiring_that_many_teenagers_overseas_are_choosing_Chinese_Studies_as_their_academic_major_at_university.
课时作业(一) 语篇阅读训练——保准度
Ⅰ.阅读理解
When my 8monthold cries, I ask him if he's hungry, or wet or just needs a hug.
“Babububuu，” he says.
What I need is a baby cry translator. That's just what a team of researchers say they've developed.
“Experienced nurses or pediatricians (儿科医师) can identify why baby is crying because they have experience，” says Lichuan Liu, a professor of electrical engineering at Northern Illinois University, who conducted the research. “We talked to them, and they mentioned that based on the cry's sound there're some clues (线索)．”
So Liu set out to identify the features of cries that can help mark them as expressions of pain or discomfort. These features include differences in pitch (音高) and frequency. The team then developed an algorithm (算法) based on automatic speech recognition to detect and identify these features. This “cry language recognition algorithm” was trained on recordings of baby cries taken from a hospital. It uses compressed sensing, a process that reconstructs a signal based on incomplete data. It can identify a baby's cry against a background of, say, adult speech or loud television sounds. By classifying different cry features, like pitch, the algorithm can suggest whether the cry is due to sickness or pain, and identify the degree of urgency.
The team had experienced pediatric care providers assess fortyeight baby cry recordings for probable cause of crying—hunger, tiredness, etc. They then compared these to the algorithm's assessments. The algorithm agreed with the humans 70% of the time. Generally, socalled “uncommon cry signals” — signs of pain or sickness — are highpitched and very loud compared to ordinary crying.
Liu and her team continue to train the technology for greater accuracy. They also plan to add more features, like the ability to identify and classify movement and facial expressions. This could help give a more detailed reading of baby's emotional (情感的) and physical state. They also hope to begin human trials in the near future.
1．Why does the author mention the 8monthold child?
A．To draw attention to baby cries.
B．To prove baby cries are common.
C．To lead in a translator for baby cries.
D．To show the use of cry translators.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推断，作者在开头提到八个月大的小孩是为了引出婴儿哭声翻译器话题。故选C。
2．What inspired Lichuan Liu's idea of doing the study?
A．Pediatric care workers' words.
B．The pediatricians' strong requests.
C．Her own nursing experiences.
D．Her doubts about the previous research.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句和第五段首句可推断，是儿科护理工作人员的话语促使Lichuan Liu做这个研究。故选A。
3．What did the researchers do in the study?
A．They collected baby cries from big hospitals.
B．They got 48 baby cry recordings evaluated.
C．They created an automatic speech recognition.
D．They analyzed cry features with compressed sensing.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前两句可知，研究者在这个研究中评估了48个婴儿哭声记录。故选B。
4．What can we know about Liu's cry language recognition algorithm?
A．It has been widely used in daily life.
B．It's mainly meant for hungry cry signals.
C．It has been proved effective on babies.
D．It's only been tested on recorded cries now.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断，Liu的哭声语言识别算法目前只用于测试录制的哭声。故选D。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Now, if you want to be charming, then you'll need to build selfconfidence, but becoming more outgoing is actually pretty easy. To get to a point at which you feel comfortable talking to a complete stranger, follow these steps.
Encourage your curiosity about people. __5__ I wonder what his parents look like. I wonder what her favourite colour is. Is he from around here? Is she the girl I saw at the cinema last week? It will take some conscious effort, but you can't be outgoing if you don't care about people.
Smile at others. Make it a goal to smile at one person a day. It can be anybody, and it can be the most subtle (微妙的) thing of smile. A quick glance paired with a smile—then run away if you want! __6__ Eventually, you will want to get to a point where you smile instinctively whenever you make first eye contact with someone.
Ask people questions. The standard “How are you？” doesn't really count, because people use it as a greeting rather than a real question. __7__ This is where the curiosity and interest in others come into play.
__8__ This is key to being a good conversationalist. If you don't make enough eye contact, the other person will feel invisible and the sense that you're elsewhere mentally. If you make too much, they'll feel uncomfortable. Is that specific enough for you?
Note your body language. __9__ To show that you're outgoing and welcome conversations, keep your body open, your head up, and a smile on your face. Resist playing with your phone or otherwise occupying yourself.
A．Master eye contact.
B．Never hesitate to smile at others.
C．Most of communication isn't verbal.
D．The more you do it, though, the less scary it will be.
E．Make eye contact when you're asking questions about people.
F．Wherever you go, try to observe people, and ask questions about them.
G．If you've already exchanged eye contact and smiles with someone, start off with a question.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了与人自由交流时需要的一些技巧，比如微笑、提问、眼神交流和肢体语言等。
5．选F 本段主要讲述了培养对他人的好奇心，F项“无论到哪里，都要努力去观察人们，多问问关于他们的问题”符合语境。故选F。
6．选D 本段主要讲述的是要微笑面对他人。上句讲的是“刚开始时可能会害羞”，下句讲的是“最后你会体会到第一次和别人接触时会本能地笑”。由语境可知，D项“做得越多就越不会害怕”符合语境。
7．选G 本段主要讲述了和别人交流要从问问题开始，故G项中“start off with a question”符合语境。所以选G。
8．选A 根据本段中的“If you don't make enough eye contact”和“If you make too much”可知，本段讲要用眼神交流来达到好的谈话效果，A项“善于用眼神交流”能概括本段内容，故选A。
9．选C 本段主要讲述了要注意使用肢体语言，C项“多数的交流并不是口头的”，指的是肢体语言，符合语境，故选C。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks __10__ than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more __11__ than we realize. In fact, nonverbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really mean. And body language is particularly __12__ when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so __13__ a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. __14__， different societies treat the distance between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having __15__ contact even with friends, and certainly not with __16__. People from Latin American countries, __17__， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is __18__ a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving __19__. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep __20__— which the Latino will in return regard as coldness.
Clearly, a great deal is going on when people __21__. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from __22__ cultures, there's a strong possibility of misunderstanding. But whatever the situation, the best __23__ is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be __24__.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了肢体语言的作用，以及在不同文化里肢体语言的不同含义。
10．A.straighter B．louder
C．harder D．further
解析：选B 根据上文中的“most powerful language”以及下文内容可知，此处表示肢体语言比文字语言更容易把意思表达清楚，更有说服力。
11．A.sounds B．invitations
C．feelings D．messages
解析：选D 此处指身体发出的是message(信息)，而不是sound。
12．A.immediate B．misleading
C．important D．difficult
解析：选C 根据下文论述，当涉及跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤为重要(important)。
13．A.well B．far
C．much D．long
解析：选C 根据语境可知，此处表示肢体语言在生活中的使用程度，故应用much。
14．A.For example B．Thus
C．However D．In short
解析：选A 上句中提到肢体语言会发生误解，下文是对此进行举例，For example用于举例说明，符合语境。
15．A.eye B．verbal
C．bodily D．telephone
解析：选C 北欧人通常不喜欢肢体的接触，故选bodily(身体的)。
16．A.strangers B．relatives
C．neighbours D．enemies
解析：选A 北欧人不喜欢和朋友有肢体上的接触，更不用说陌生人了。
17．A.in other words B．on the other hand
C．in a similar way D．by all means
解析：选B 上文讲到了北欧人的习惯，此处要针对拉丁美洲人的习惯进行说明，on the other hand(另一方面)，符合上下文语境。
18．A.disturbing B．helping
C．guiding D．following
解析：选D 根据上文“people from Latin American ...a lot”可知，我们看到的很可能是一个拉丁美洲人跟随一个挪威人在房间到处移动，故选following(跟随)。
19．A.closer B．faster
C．in D．away
解析：选A 根据空前的“trying to express friendship”可知，拉丁美洲人极力想离对方近一些，故选closer (更近的)。
20．A.stepping forward B．going on
C．backing away D．coming out
解析：选C 根据“pushiness”可知，挪威人不喜欢肢体接触，会一直向后退，故选backing away(后退)。
21．A.talk B．travel
C．laugh D．think
解析：选A A选项中的talk (交谈)与上文的conversation相呼应，且文章主要讲述交谈中的肢体语言。
22．A.different B．European
C．Latino D．rich
解析：选A 根据上文可知，谈话的双方来自不同的文化。different cultures(不同的文化)。
23．A.chance B．time
C．result D．advice
解析：选D 根据空后的“to obey the Golden Rule: ...”可知，此处表示“建议”。
24．A.noticed B．treated
C．respected D．pleased
解析：选B 你希望怎样被对待(treated)，那你就怎样对待别人。
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a Saturday last year, and my husband, David, and I were taking our dog, Joey, for his evening walk. We were on our way home, heading towards a bridge, when I heard a cry ahead.
As we approached, I saw a figure sitting down on the ground, uncomfortably close to the wall. It was a young man, clearly in distress, crying and shouting, his whole body shaking. I froze, suddenly aware of the gravity of the situation. The bridge ran over a highspeed train track and was a wellknown suicide spot. A local family had lost their teenager in that exact place a few weeks earlier.
David and I exchanged glances. There was no one around. I knew I wouldn't be able to live with myself if his death was reported the next day and I'd done nothing.
I inched towards the young man and Joey instinctively glued to my side. I asked him if I could sit down, and then lowered myself on to the ground opposite him, while Joey sandwiched himself between us. I tried a few gentle questions: “What's your name? How old are you? What do you do？” His answers were simple. “Tommy. 23. Computer.”
“Are you OK？” I asked. “No, I'm not.” he shouted back. He muttered something about a betrayal, not knowing what to do. His emotions were swinging wildly — tears one moment and fierce anger the next. I was desperate to make a connection, asking him where he went to college and feigning (装作) delight as I told him my son had studied there, too. I even found myself recounting the story of Neil Layboum, who had talked a man down from Waterloo Bridge in London 10 years ago.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
I kept talking, trying to alter his mood.
Paragraph 2：
When the train passed, I let out a sigh.
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
I kept talking, trying to alter his mood. “You look very handsome. Your parents must be very nice, right？” His eyes warmed at the thought of something warm with his parents. Seeing this, I continued to say more, “Raising a child is both happy and difficult for parents. They love you forever, and there will be no betrayal.So why don't you spend some time with them？” At last he was willing to get up from the track. A train was barreling toward him, but he escaped in time and no one was injured.
Paragraph 2：
When the train passed, I let out a sigh. The young man seemed to calm down. He thanked us and turned back. I thought he had had an idea of how to solve the problem. The white light lengthened his shadow. I was glad I didn't blow it. And our small efforts saved a young life.
一、阅读词汇——在词块中明义
1．four identical houses 四幢相同的房子
2．kiss one's cheek 亲吻某人的脸颊
3．break down a barrier 打破障碍
4．a murder trial 一场谋杀案审讯
5．tick the chosen names 给选中的名字打钩号
6．paint the ceiling 粉刷天花板
7．armed/military intervention 武装/军事干涉
8．the components of a machine 机器零件
二、表达词汇——在语境中活用
(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思
1.However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree.(vt.见证)
2.It is one of the most important incidents in my life, ...(n.发生的事情)
3．She bent forward to pick up the newspaper.(vi.弯曲)
4．Details of the accident were revealed by the local newspaper.(vt.揭示)
5．Stop bothering me when I'm working.(vt.打搅，麻烦)
6．He had to lower his head to get through the door.(vt.降低)
7．These results conflict with earlier findings.(vi.冲突)
8．It is not merely a job, but a way of life.(adv.仅仅)
(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式
1．She asked him to clarify what he meant.(vt.使更清晰易懂)
拓展：clarification n．阐明；澄清
2．I'm ashamed to say that I lied to her.(adj.羞愧的)
拓展：shame n．羞耻；羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的→shameless adj.无耻的
3．Typing patterns vary from person to person.(vi.(根据情况)变化)
拓展：variety n．多种多样，多样化→various adj.各种各样的
4．The Senate approved the bill.(vt.通过)
拓展：approval n．批准；同意
5．(2021年1月新高考8省联考卷)What actually happens is that the magician, employing quick hand movements ... hides one ball.(vt.使用)
拓展：employment n．雇用；工作；就业
6．French differs from English in this respect.(vi.不同于)
拓展：difference n．不同(之处)→different adj.不同的
7．Could you do me a favour and pick up Sam from school today？(n.帮忙)
拓展：favourable adj.赞同的；支持的；有利的
8．We are looking for someone who is reliable and hard-working.(adj.可信赖的)
拓展：rely v．依靠；依赖
9．This game can occupy the kids for hours.(vt.占用)
拓展：occupation n．职业→occupied adj.被占领的；忙于
10．I managed to distract his attention to computer game.(vt.分散)
拓展：distraction n．使人分心的事；消遣；娱乐
11.Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new study.(vi.区分)
拓展：distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的
12．His anxiety has a great effect on his health.(n.焦虑)
拓展：anxious adj.焦虑的；渴望的→anxiously adv.忧虑地；焦急地
13．Some students are too embarrassed to consult their teacher about the problem.(adj.尴尬的)
拓展：embarrass vt.使尴尬；使为难→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embarrassment n．窘迫；尴尬；难堪
14．You can adjust the seat according to your height.(vt.调节)
拓展：adjustment n．调整；适应→adjustable adj.可调节的
15．It is appropriate to let him do the job.(adj.合适的)
拓展：appropriately adv.适当地；恰当地
三、词块短语——在语境中辨义活用
写出或选出加蓝部分在语境中的汉语意思
1．Cherries vary in colour from almost black to yellow.从……到……变化
2．By contrast, he was much more frank.相比之下
3．The poor boy looked down at his shabby shoes.往下看
4．The dress is really cheaper by comparison.比较而言
5．It takes a long time to break down traditional ideas.打破
6．They asked him to leave; in other words, he was fired.换句话说
7．It is impossible to get everybody together at the same time.同时
8．The teacher was still at work when I left the classroom.在工作
9．The film, which is based on a real story, is appealing to large audience.以……为根据
10．Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.提出
11．I don't know how we're going to get through the winter.C
A．完成 B．使理解 C．度过；熬过
12．They are determined to act out their ideal.D
A．将……演出来 B．执行
C．将……激活 D．实现
四、经典句式——在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法
1.
教材原句
However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.(as引导的原因状语从句)
然而，在巴西和德国，你应该避免做出这一手势，因为这是一个被认为不礼貌的手势。
写作亮句
We must have confidence, as it is the key to winning the match.
我们必须要有信心，因为这是赢得比赛的关键。
文化典句
As the people are the creators of history，we should rely on the people.
因为人民是历史的创造者，我们应该依靠人民。
2.
教材原句
Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.(部分否定)
当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。
写作亮句
As there are so many kinds of folk art works，I can't introduce every kind in such a short time.
由于民间艺术作品种类繁多，我不可能在这么短的时间内介绍每一种。
3.
教材原句
Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed, like they are guarding their bodies.(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
愤怒、害怕或焦虑的学生会双臂交叉放在胸前，双腿并拢或交叉，像是在保护自己的身体。
写作亮句
To save resources and protect our environment，we shall never have the water running along.
为了节约能源、保护环境，我们必须随时关闭水龙头。
五、“续写”片段——在背诵中品悟如何写靓写美
环境描写之自然场景
A gentle breeze blew through Jennifer's hair.The golden red sun was setting.She was on the beach, looking up at the fiery ball.She was amazed by its colour, deep red in the middle, softly fading into yellow.She could hear nothing but the waves and the seagulls flying up above in the sky.
一阵微风吹过詹妮弗的头发。金红色的太阳正在落下。她在海滩上，抬头看着火红的球。她被它的颜色惊呆了，中间是深红色，慢慢褪色变黄。她什么也听不见，除了波涛和海鸥在天空中飞翔。
[点评] 本段用“A gentle breeze ...The golden red sun ...on the beach ... the fiery ball. ...deep red in the middle, softly fading into yellow ...the waves and the seagulls flying up ...”等自然景色描写，描绘出了海滩落日安静美丽的画面。
1．witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证n.目击者；证人
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①He was one of the witnesses (witness) at our wedding.
②The old tower has stood on the top of the hill for a thousand years，witnessing (witness) the changes of our town.
③The tea house witnessed_a_really_enjoyable_time for all of us.
茶馆见证了我们所有人真正欢乐的时光。
[系统归纳]
(1)witness sth. 目击/目睹某事
witness to (doing) sth. 为(做)某事作证
(2)be (a) witness to sth. 某事的目击者
2．appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①For the interview itself you should dress smartly and appropriately (appropriate)．
②As for me, I don't think it is appropriate_for_parents_to_quit their jobs in order to provide better conditions for their children.
在我看来，我认为父母为了给他们的孩子提供更好的条件而放弃工作是不合适的。
③It_is_entirely_appropriate_that his music should be played at this festival.
他的音乐在这个节日里演奏是完全适合的。
[系统归纳]
(1)be appropriate to/for 适合于
be appropriate to do sth. 做某事是合适的
It is appropriate that sb. (should) do ... 某人做……是合适的
(2)appropriately adv. 适当地
3．conflict n．矛盾；冲突vi.冲突；抵触
[题点全练](完成句子)
①Putting ourselves in their shoes is of great significance when we conflict_with__friends.
当我们和朋友发生冲突的时候，换位思考是十分重要的。
②Your statement is__in_conflict_with other evidence.
你的陈述与其他证据相冲突。
③You should avoid coming_into_conflict_with your parents.
你应该避免和你的父母发生冲突。
[系统归纳]
in conflict with ... 和……有矛盾/不一致
come into conflict with ... 与……产生矛盾；与……有分歧
conflict with ... 与……相冲突
4．in other words换句话说；也就是说
[题点全练]
用word的相关短语完成句子
①In_a_word,_learning English is not only necessary but also important.
总之，学习英语不仅是必要的，而且是重要的。
②However it may be, I shall keep_my_word.
无论如何，我都将遵守诺言。
③Hearing the story, we were moved beyond_words.
听了这个故事，我们被感动得难以言表。
④He has made another mistake. In_other_words,_he has to leave the company.
他又犯了一个错误。换句话说，他不得不离开这家公司。
[系统归纳]
in a/one word 总之；简言之
keep one's word 遵守诺言
break one's word 失信
have a word with ... 与……谈一谈
have words with ... 与……拌嘴/争吵
beyond words 无法用言语表达
5．break down消除；分解；打破
[题点全练]
用break的相关短语完成句子
①Communication can help break_down the barriers between young men and their parents.
交流有助于消除年轻人与他们父母之间的隔阂。
②The whole country united together and managed to control the spread of COVID-19 after it broke_out.
新冠肺炎爆发后，全国人民团结在一起，设法控制住了它的传播。
③It is bad manners to break_in when people are having a conversation.
当人们谈话的时候，打断别人是不礼貌的。
④The Smiths had their house broken_into last night.
昨晚有人闯入了史密斯家的房子。
[系统归纳]
break away from 脱离(政党)；打破(陈规、陋习)
break in 打断(谈话)；插嘴；闯入
break into 强行闯入；突然开始
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发
break up 解散；粉碎；(关系等)破裂
6．get through度过；熬过；完成；使理解；使明白
[题点全练]
用get的相关短语完成句子
①She found writing helped her get_through__the_rough_days.
她发现写作帮她度过了艰难的日子。
②As an outgoing girl, I get_along/on_well_with my classmates.
作为一个外向的女孩，我和我的同学们相处融洽。
③We must get_over our shortcomings in our work.
我们必须克服我们工作中的缺点。
④I could get_across_my_meaning_to the local people in English.
我能用英语向当地人传达我的意思。
[系统归纳]
get across (sth. to sb.) 使(某事)为(某人)所理解
get on/along with sb. 与某人相处
get away (from) 离开；脱身
get down to doing sth. 开始认真做某事
get over 克服；控制(某种情绪)
1．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Online voting may indeed offer people more opportunities to participate in a variety (vary) of social activities without expending too much effort.
②The students' work varies considerably in quality.
③The importance of being an Olympian will vary from athlete to athlete.
④Upon entering the farm, we were attracted by its cleanness and varieties_of/a_variety_of/various fruits.
一进入农场，我们就被它的干净和各种各样的水果所吸引。
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)vary from ...to ... 从……到……不等
vary in ...在……(大小、形状等)上不同
vary with 随……变化/改变
(2)variety n. 多种多样
a variety of/varieties of 各种各样的
(3)various adj. 各种各样的
难点释解
vary in中的介词in，表示“在……方面”。
[练重难点](完成句子)
⑤The flowers vary_in colour and size.
这些花色彩和大小各异。
2．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于n.帮助；恩惠；赞同
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The terms of the agreement are favourable (favour) to both sides.
②Would you do_me_a_favour and get rid of this letter?
请你帮我个忙把这封信处理掉，行吗？
③Most of the students are__in_favour_of this opinion.
大部分学生支持这个观点。
④When you get into trouble, you can ask_a_favour_of__your_parents.
当你陷入麻烦的时候，你可以向你的父母寻求帮助。
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙
do sb. a favour＝do a favour for sb. 帮某人一个忙
in favour of 支持；赞同
in one's favour 对某人有利
(2)favourable adj. 有利的
难点解释
do sb. a favour或do a favour for sb.结构中，通常用不定冠词，若favour后跟表示具体内容的不定式(短语)或of doing sth.时，则其前常用定冠词。
[练重难点](一句多译)
劳驾帮我把窗户打开。
⑤Do_me_a_favour and open the window.
⑥Do_me_the_favour to open the window.
⑦Do_me_the_favour of opening the window.
3．approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①She doesn't approve of my leaving school this year.
②I would appreciate it if my application could get your approval (approve)．
③The company approved_the_plan by a majority of ninety-nine.该公司以99票的多数票通过了这项计划。
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)approve sth. 批准/通过某事
approve of (sb./sb.'s) doing sth.赞同/同意(某人)做某事
(2)approval n. 赞成，同意；批准
get one's approval 得到某人的同意
give one's approval to 同意；批准
难点解释
approve 作“行政部门的通过”意义时，为及物动词；作“获取他人同意”时，为不及物动词，其后要跟of连用。
[练重难点](完成句子)
④Her parents didn't approve_of_her_marriage.
她父母不同意她的婚姻。
4．differ vi.相异；不同于
[题点全练](完成句子)
①French differs_from English in this respect.
在这方面法语不同于英语。
②Some of the languages used on the Internet are_different_from those used in other forms of communication.
互联网上使用的一些语言不同于其他形式的交流中使用的语言。
③His teaching has made_a_great_difference to my study as well as my life.
他的教导对我的学习和生活都产生了很大的影响。
[进阶学习]
系统归纳
(1)differ from 与……不同/有区别
differ in 在……方面不同
(2)different adj. 不同的，有差异的
be different from 与……不同
(3)difference n. 不同(之处)，差别；分歧
make a difference 有影响；起作用
make no difference 没影响
易错提醒
differ一词的重音在第一个音节上，因此其现在分词、过去式和过去分词直接加-ing或-ed。differ为不及物动词，没有被动语态。
[练重难点](单句语法填空)
④Differing (differ) from that of his boss，his practical idea was rejected.
5．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①These days we rely heavily on computers to_organise (organise) our work.
②We students rely on parents for necessary living items.
③You can rely_on_it_that I can finish the work on time.
你可以相信我能按时完成工作。
④Actually, he is an_honest_and_reliable_person,_whom you can depend on.
实际上，他是一个诚实、可靠的人，你可以信赖他。
[进阶学习]
系统
归纳
rely on/upon sb./sth.指望某人/某事
rely on/upon sb.to do sth. 指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on/upon sb. for 指望/依靠某人获得……
rely on it that ... 相信……；指望……
难点
释解
depend与rely同义，都为不及物动词，其后都要跟介词on/upon构成及物动词。
[练重难点](表达纠误)
⑤He was the sort of person whom you could depend.whom前或depend后加介词on/upon
1．部分否定
[用法规则]
(1)表示“全部”意义的词汇(both，all，everyone，everything，everywhere，always等)与否定词(not等)连用，表示部分否定，翻译为“并非都/总是/处处……”。
(2)全部否定的使用方法：与否定词not连用或直接使用相对应的否定词neither/none/nobody(no one)/nothing/nowhere/never等。
[应用体验]
完成句子
①Unfortunately, not_every_student will succeed in your class.
遗憾的是，并不是你班里的每一个学生都会成功。
②All_the_students_haven't passed the tests.
并非所有的学生都通过了测试。
③The old man doesn't_always_go_for_a_walk in the park after supper.
这位老人并非总是晚饭后去公园散步。
一句多译
他的父母都不是医生。
④Either_of_his_parents_is_not_a_doctor.
⑤Neither_of_his_parents_is_a_doctor.
2．have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[用法规则]
have/has在此处是使役动词，表示“使……发生/做，使……被做”，宾语补足语根据与宾语之间的逻辑关系使用(to) do, doing, done。
[应用体验](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Could I use your computer? I have to have mine repaired (repair) today.
②You'd better have_your_appliances_examined regularly to ensure safety.
为了确保安全，你最好定期检查一下你的电器。
③Don't have_the_horse_working all the day.
不要让这匹马一整天不停地干活。
中外交流越来越频繁，跨文化沟通与交流成为高考的热门话题。该主题有利于引导学生了解中西文化的相互影响和文化差异，从而激发了解不同国家的风俗、文化和交流方式的兴趣。高考常以此主题来考查学生对跨文化沟通交流的深层理解和语言表达能力。如：2018年全国卷Ⅱ书面表达，邀请大家观看一部英文短片Growing Together；2018年北京高考书面表达，写一篇英文周记，记述上周接待外国学生，带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程等。
READING CHINA
(节选自外研版教材选择性必修第四册 UNIT 3)
The world of Chinese literature is one that is familiar to us all.But have you ever stopped to wonder what works are read outside of China and how they are received? Today，four Sinologists and translators share their experience of Chinese literature with us.(以设问的方式引入话题) ...(省略部分介绍了四位汉学家和翻译家的信息)
Q1: How did you get interested in Chinese literature?
Petko: It all started with a movie I watched when I was a boy — The Shaolin Temple.That movie gave me so many reasons to fall in love with China.❶I was amazed by Chinese kung fu, of course — everyone loves kung fu, don't they? I also thought the Chinese language sounded so beautiful, and I found that I liked Chinese music, too — I just loved the movie's theme tune, Song of the Shepherd.(中国影视音乐的吸引力)
Annelous: I became interested in languages at a young age.When I started high school, I began reading books about Chinese history and culture, and this inspired me to choose Chinese Studies as my academic major at university.(中国历史和文化书籍的吸引力)
Joachim: When I was 15 years old, my mother bought me a copy of the classic Shi Ji, or Records of the Grand Historian.Prior to that, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer's epic poems.Records of the Grand Historian was my first encounter with Chinese classical literature.After reading it, I realized the true genius of China's “Grand Historian”， Sima Qian.❷His writing had a profound effect on me, and I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese literature.(文学巨著《史记》的影响力)
Mai: I gradually fell in love with Chinese literature when I started working as a translator.❸Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt are from the English-speaking world, so reading Chinese literature was a stimulating and inspiring experience.(中国文学的独特影响力)
由教材学写法
1．学亮点词汇
第五段中Joachim用expose而不是read来描述自己读过的书，以及下文提到《史记》对自己的影响时用的profound一词，表达了他对所读经典著作的重视。最后一段中的stimulating“激励人的；振奋人心的”，比exciting语气更强烈，生动地描述了Mai对中国文学的极大赞誉。
2．学高级句式
句❶采用反意疑问句的形式，语气强烈地表达了个人看法：人人都喜欢中国功夫。
句❷中并列连词and连接两个并列分句。用并列复合句的形式集中有力地表达了司马迁的文章对Joachim的影响。
句❸中并列连词so连接两个并列分句，逻辑上是因果关系。通过对比埃及文学的特点，得出“读中国文学作品使人振奋，也鼓舞人心”的结论。
3．学行文逻辑
本文写作结构是“总—分” 式。文章先是就采访的主题进行了概述，然后就“你是怎么对中国文学产生兴趣的？”这个问题对四位国外的汉学家、翻译家进行了采访。文章对不同采访对象分享的个人体验分别进行了叙述，但是始终围绕一个中心：中国优秀文化和文学作品对不同国家不同人们都有着很大的积极影响。
Ⅰ.多积词块——丰富表达方式
1．appeal to (sb.) (对某人)有吸引力
2．true to life 逼真
3．on exhibition/display 在展览
4．be of great value 很有价值
5．be open to 向……开放
6．apply ...to ... 把……应用于……
7．be based on 以……为依据
8．be designed for 为……而设计
9．originate from 起源于
10．come into existence 形成
11．take up 从事；接受
12．in the shape of 呈……形状
13．make comments on 对……作出评论
14．sense of beauty 美感
15．dream of 梦想；渴望
16．have an influence on 对……有影响
Ⅱ.多积佳句——彰显表达功底
1．In my view, multi-cultures are extremely vital in ensuring a country's future development and prosperity.
在我看来，文化多样性在确保国家的未来发展和繁荣中至关重要。
2．Economic globalization brings not only opportunities for development but also challenges.Chinese traditional culture is now experiencing unprecedented shock.
经济全球化带来的不仅有发展机遇，也有挑战，中国传统文化正面临前所未有的冲击。
3．The ancient culture of China is one of the great treasures of human civilisation.
中国古代的文化是人类文明最伟大的财富之一。
4．With increased interaction between the world's nations, there is a great urgency for us to absorb different cultures.
随着世界各国间交流的增多，我们迫切需要理解不同的文化知识。
5．Chinese traditional culture is not only certain to survive, but, in fact, is destined to thrive and prosper.
中国传统文化不仅一定可以继续存活下去，而且事实是一定会繁荣发展。
一、作文补写表达亮
下面是一封书信，信中李华就自己学校与俄罗斯一所友好学校，通过网络开展跨文化交流活动一事介绍了自己的设想。请根据提示，运用上面所学，将文章补充完整。
Dear Sir/Madam，
I'd like to ❶_share_my_plan_with_you (和你们分享我的计划) on our Cross Cultural Communication Project.
To be practical, we can have four aspects in our communication. First，❷_a_brief_
self-introduction_is_needed (需要一个简短的自我介绍， 被动语态). Then food culture sharing will surely be the most popular. Besides, each one is expected to describe ❸the_education_they_are_having_in_their_own_middle_schools_ (他们在自己中学接受的教育，定语从句)．Fourth, exchange of skills for language study may ❹be_of_great_value_to_both_sides (对于双方都很有价值，be＋of＋n.)．
All in all, ❺only_with_joint_efforts_can_the_project_be_a_great_success (只有通过共同努力这一项目才能取得重大成功，倒装句)．
Yours，
Li Hua
二、看图写作善联想
根据以下图片结合选取文章的内容，写一段80词左右的片段，描述中国文学对世界的影响。
Chinese_literature_has_a_profound_impact_around_the_world.The_four_great_works_like_Journey_to_the_West_and_A_Dream_in_Red_Mansions_are_known_by_the_world,_arousing_many_foreigners'_passion_for_Chinese_literature.The_old_literature_Master_Sun's_Art_of_War_is_also_popular_among_foreigners.They_are_crazy_about_it_and_hope_to_learn_some_skills_to_help_them_run_business_or_probe_into_the_history_and_appreciate_the_charm.Reading_Chinese_literature_is_so_stimulating_and_inspiring_that_many_teenagers_overseas_are_choosing_Chinese_Studies_as_their_academic_major_at_university.
课时作业(一) 语篇阅读训练——保准度
Ⅰ.阅读理解
When my 8monthold cries, I ask him if he's hungry, or wet or just needs a hug.
“Babububuu，” he says.
What I need is a baby cry translator. That's just what a team of researchers say they've developed.
“Experienced nurses or pediatricians (儿科医师) can identify why baby is crying because they have experience，” says Lichuan Liu, a professor of electrical engineering at Northern Illinois University, who conducted the research. “We talked to them, and they mentioned that based on the cry's sound there're some clues (线索)．”
So Liu set out to identify the features of cries that can help mark them as expressions of pain or discomfort. These features include differences in pitch (音高) and frequency. The team then developed an algorithm (算法) based on automatic speech recognition to detect and identify these features. This “cry language recognition algorithm” was trained on recordings of baby cries taken from a hospital. It uses compressed sensing, a process that reconstructs a signal based on incomplete data. It can identify a baby's cry against a background of, say, adult speech or loud television sounds. By classifying different cry features, like pitch, the algorithm can suggest whether the cry is due to sickness or pain, and identify the degree of urgency.
The team had experienced pediatric care providers assess fortyeight baby cry recordings for probable cause of crying—hunger, tiredness, etc. They then compared these to the algorithm's assessments. The algorithm agreed with the humans 70% of the time. Generally, socalled “uncommon cry signals” — signs of pain or sickness — are highpitched and very loud compared to ordinary crying.
Liu and her team continue to train the technology for greater accuracy. They also plan to add more features, like the ability to identify and classify movement and facial expressions. This could help give a more detailed reading of baby's emotional (情感的) and physical state. They also hope to begin human trials in the near future.
1．Why does the author mention the 8monthold child?
A．To draw attention to baby cries.
B．To prove baby cries are common.
C．To lead in a translator for baby cries.
D．To show the use of cry translators.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推断，作者在开头提到八个月大的小孩是为了引出婴儿哭声翻译器话题。故选C。
2．What inspired Lichuan Liu's idea of doing the study?
A．Pediatric care workers' words.
B．The pediatricians' strong requests.
C．Her own nursing experiences.
D．Her doubts about the previous research.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句和第五段首句可推断，是儿科护理工作人员的话语促使Lichuan Liu做这个研究。故选A。
3．What did the researchers do in the study?
A．They collected baby cries from big hospitals.
B．They got 48 baby cry recordings evaluated.
C．They created an automatic speech recognition.
D．They analyzed cry features with compressed sensing.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前两句可知，研究者在这个研究中评估了48个婴儿哭声记录。故选B。
4．What can we know about Liu's cry language recognition algorithm?
A．It has been widely used in daily life.
B．It's mainly meant for hungry cry signals.
C．It has been proved effective on babies.
D．It's only been tested on recorded cries now.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断，Liu的哭声语言识别算法目前只用于测试录制的哭声。故选D。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Now, if you want to be charming, then you'll need to build selfconfidence, but becoming more outgoing is actually pretty easy. To get to a point at which you feel comfortable talking to a complete stranger, follow these steps.
Encourage your curiosity about people. __5__ I wonder what his parents look like. I wonder what her favourite colour is. Is he from around here? Is she the girl I saw at the cinema last week? It will take some conscious effort, but you can't be outgoing if you don't care about people.
Smile at others. Make it a goal to smile at one person a day. It can be anybody, and it can be the most subtle (微妙的) thing of smile. A quick glance paired with a smile—then run away if you want! __6__ Eventually, you will want to get to a point where you smile instinctively whenever you make first eye contact with someone.
Ask people questions. The standard “How are you？” doesn't really count, because people use it as a greeting rather than a real question. __7__ This is where the curiosity and interest in others come into play.
__8__ This is key to being a good conversationalist. If you don't make enough eye contact, the other person will feel invisible and the sense that you're elsewhere mentally. If you make too much, they'll feel uncomfortable. Is that specific enough for you?
Note your body language. __9__ To show that you're outgoing and welcome conversations, keep your body open, your head up, and a smile on your face. Resist playing with your phone or otherwise occupying yourself.
A．Master eye contact.
B．Never hesitate to smile at others.
C．Most of communication isn't verbal.
D．The more you do it, though, the less scary it will be.
E．Make eye contact when you're asking questions about people.
F．Wherever you go, try to observe people, and ask questions about them.
G．If you've already exchanged eye contact and smiles with someone, start off with a question.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了与人自由交流时需要的一些技巧，比如微笑、提问、眼神交流和肢体语言等。
5．选F 本段主要讲述了培养对他人的好奇心，F项“无论到哪里，都要努力去观察人们，多问问关于他们的问题”符合语境。故选F。
6．选D 本段主要讲述的是要微笑面对他人。上句讲的是“刚开始时可能会害羞”，下句讲的是“最后你会体会到第一次和别人接触时会本能地笑”。由语境可知，D项“做得越多就越不会害怕”符合语境。
7．选G 本段主要讲述了和别人交流要从问问题开始，故G项中“start off with a question”符合语境。所以选G。
8．选A 根据本段中的“If you don't make enough eye contact”和“If you make too much”可知，本段讲要用眼神交流来达到好的谈话效果，A项“善于用眼神交流”能概括本段内容，故选A。
9．选C 本段主要讲述了要注意使用肢体语言，C项“多数的交流并不是口头的”，指的是肢体语言，符合语境，故选C。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks __10__ than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more __11__ than we realize. In fact, nonverbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really mean. And body language is particularly __12__ when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so __13__ a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. __14__， different societies treat the distance between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having __15__ contact even with friends, and certainly not with __16__. People from Latin American countries, __17__， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is __18__ a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving __19__. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep __20__— which the Latino will in return regard as coldness.
Clearly, a great deal is going on when people __21__. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from __22__ cultures, there's a strong possibility of misunderstanding. But whatever the situation, the best __23__ is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be __24__.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了肢体语言的作用，以及在不同文化里肢体语言的不同含义。
10．A.straighter B．louder
C．harder D．further
解析：选B 根据上文中的“most powerful language”以及下文内容可知，此处表示肢体语言比文字语言更容易把意思表达清楚，更有说服力。
11．A.sounds B．invitations
C．feelings D．messages
解析：选D 此处指身体发出的是message(信息)，而不是sound。
12．A.immediate B．misleading
C．important D．difficult
解析：选C 根据下文论述，当涉及跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤为重要(important)。
13．A.well B．far
C．much D．long
解析：选C 根据语境可知，此处表示肢体语言在生活中的使用程度，故应用much。
14．A.For example B．Thus
C．However D．In short
解析：选A 上句中提到肢体语言会发生误解，下文是对此进行举例，For example用于举例说明，符合语境。
15．A.eye B．verbal
C．bodily D．telephone
解析：选C 北欧人通常不喜欢肢体的接触，故选bodily(身体的)。
16．A.strangers B．relatives
C．neighbours D．enemies
解析：选A 北欧人不喜欢和朋友有肢体上的接触，更不用说陌生人了。
17．A.in other words B．on the other hand
C．in a similar way D．by all means
解析：选B 上文讲到了北欧人的习惯，此处要针对拉丁美洲人的习惯进行说明，on the other hand(另一方面)，符合上下文语境。
18．A.disturbing B．helping
C．guiding D．following
解析：选D 根据上文“people from Latin American ...a lot”可知，我们看到的很可能是一个拉丁美洲人跟随一个挪威人在房间到处移动，故选following(跟随)。
19．A.closer B．faster
C．in D．away
解析：选A 根据空前的“trying to express friendship”可知，拉丁美洲人极力想离对方近一些，故选closer (更近的)。
20．A.stepping forward B．going on
C．backing away D．coming out
解析：选C 根据“pushiness”可知，挪威人不喜欢肢体接触，会一直向后退，故选backing away(后退)。
21．A.talk B．travel
C．laugh D．think
解析：选A A选项中的talk (交谈)与上文的conversation相呼应，且文章主要讲述交谈中的肢体语言。
22．A.different B．European
C．Latino D．rich
解析：选A 根据上文可知，谈话的双方来自不同的文化。different cultures(不同的文化)。
23．A.chance B．time
C．result D．advice
解析：选D 根据空后的“to obey the Golden Rule: ...”可知，此处表示“建议”。
24．A.noticed B．treated
C．respected D．pleased
解析：选B 你希望怎样被对待(treated)，那你就怎样对待别人。
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a Saturday last year, and my husband, David, and I were taking our dog, Joey, for his evening walk. We were on our way home, heading towards a bridge, when I heard a cry ahead.
As we approached, I saw a figure sitting down on the ground, uncomfortably close to the wall. It was a young man, clearly in distress, crying and shouting, his whole body shaking. I froze, suddenly aware of the gravity of the situation. The bridge ran over a highspeed train track and was a wellknown suicide spot. A local family had lost their teenager in that exact place a few weeks earlier.
David and I exchanged glances. There was no one around. I knew I wouldn't be able to live with myself if his death was reported the next day and I'd done nothing.
I inched towards the young man and Joey instinctively glued to my side. I asked him if I could sit down, and then lowered myself on to the ground opposite him, while Joey sandwiched himself between us. I tried a few gentle questions: “What's your name? How old are you? What do you do？” His answers were simple. “Tommy. 23. Computer.”
“Are you OK？” I asked. “No, I'm not.” he shouted back. He muttered something about a betrayal, not knowing what to do. His emotions were swinging wildly — tears one moment and fierce anger the next. I was desperate to make a connection, asking him where he went to college and feigning (装作) delight as I told him my son had studied there, too. I even found myself recounting the story of Neil Layboum, who had talked a man down from Waterloo Bridge in London 10 years ago.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
I kept talking, trying to alter his mood.
Paragraph 2：
When the train passed, I let out a sigh.
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
I kept talking, trying to alter his mood. “You look very handsome. Your parents must be very nice, right？” His eyes warmed at the thought of something warm with his parents. Seeing this, I continued to say more, “Raising a child is both happy and difficult for parents. They love you forever, and there will be no betrayal.So why don't you spend some time with them？” At last he was willing to get up from the track. A train was barreling toward him, but he escaped in time and no one was injured.
Paragraph 2：
When the train passed, I let out a sigh. The young man seemed to calm down. He thanked us and turned back. I thought he had had an idea of how to solve the problem. The white light lengthened his shadow. I was glad I didn't blow it. And our small efforts saved a young life.
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