高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course巩固练习

SectionⅠ　ReadingandThinking

课后·训练提升

一、单词拼写

1.This plane carried over 300 passengers and c　　　　. 

答案crew

2.We were moved by his g　　　　　　 attempt to improve those conditions. 

答案genuine

3.He gave the order to a　　　　　 the ship for it was going down. 

答案abandon

4.The mother covered the sleeping baby with a thick b　　　　　 to keep him warm. 

答案blanket

5.She joined the n　　　　 and became a soldier in the ship. 

答案navy

6.The reforms owe a great deal to the r　　　　　　 of many great men. 

答案resolution

7.The sun was s　　　　　　 in the west and it was time to go back home. 

答案sinking

8.Facing hardships,her p　　　　　　　 counts for much. 

答案perseverance

二、单句语法填空

1.I will try to finish the work 　　　　　　(assign) to me ahead of time. 

答案assigned

2.Finally they arrived at the 　　　　　　(abandon) house,tired and hungry. 

答案abandoned

3.They made a 　　　　　　　(resolve) to lose all the weight gained during the period. 

答案resolution

4.The training will get him 　　　　　　(qualify) for the hard job. 

答案qualified

5.His proposal was turned 　　　　　　by his boss,which made him disappointed. 

答案down

6.He took the umbrella 　　　　　　　(belong) to Mary by mistake just now. 

答案belonging

7.The exciting story will keep the tired soldiers 　　　　　　in a hard situation. 

答案up

8.It was his 　　　　　　　　(persevere) that helped him succeed at last. 

答案perseverance

9.The old man 　　　　　　　　　　　(work) in the field for more than two hours. 

答案has been working

10.I really admired his 　　　　　　　(endure) when he looked after little children. 

答案endurance

三、阅读理解

A

Antarctica doesn’t seem very inviting,but about 37,000 visitors are expected to go on a trip to the frozen continent during this tourist season.

If you decide to go there,you’ll need to think about timing.Ice,wind and low temperatures make a trip to Antarctica an impossibility outside of November through March.You’ll also have to consider the almost prohibitive cost of your ship ticket—from about US$3,500 to US$25,000.This doesn’t cover the airfare to your port of departure.

Deciding what kind of boat on which to travel will make all the difference as accommodations vary greatly from one to the next.Large cruises,which might carry from 500 to 30,000 passengers,are good for vacationers and learners,but they never dock at a port.Smaller ships,such as yachts(快艇) and dive boats,allow you on the continent,and their staff plan various physical activities for visitors.

Those who actually get their feet on the ground will be privileged to have a very unique experience,including many educational opportunities.Tours of active scientific research facilities manned by biologists are often available.Visitors are also able to see various penguins and seals,some of which are brave enough to get up close.Finally,a few adventurous ones will enjoy mountaineering and diving during their time on the icy land.

Another consideration that must be made when visiting Antarctica is one’s environmental footprint.Every tourist,guide,researcher and ship makes an impact on this faraway part of our Earth.Precautions(预防措施) such as time limits on land,keeping a 5-metre distance from animals and rules against taking or leaving anything on the continent are strictly kept.Some wonder if it’s better for people just to stay away from Antarctica if they are so likely to affect the land negatively.But most will say that seeing Antarctica helps make the world more aware of the part this beautiful location plays in the global environment.

1.Which month is appropriate for a tour of Antarctica?

A.February.　　　　　　　B.June.

C.July. D.October.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ifyoudecidetogothere,you’llneedtothinkabouttiming.Ice,windandlowtemperaturesmakeatriptoAntarcticaanimpossibilityoutsideofNovemberthroughMarch.”可知,十一月到三月适合去南极旅行。故选A项。

2.What does the underlined word “prohibitive” in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A.Common. B.Additional.

C.Reasonable. D.Unaffordable.

答案D

解析词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的fromaboutUS$3,500toUS$25,000可知,去南极的船票很昂贵,所以prohibitive在此处意为“贵得买不起的”。故选D项。

3.What can we learn about passengers on large ships?

A.They are on board throughout the trip.

B.They can enjoy various physical activities.

C.They can get very close to local animals.

D.They have a chance to land on the continent.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Largecruises,whichmightcarryfrom500to30,000passengers,aregoodforvacationersandlearners,buttheyneverdockataport.”可知,大游轮在整个旅行中都不靠岸。故选A项。

4.What do most people think of the trips to Antarctica?

A.Dangerous. B.Economical.

C.Educational. D.Destructive.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thosewhoactuallygettheirfeetonthegroundwillbeprivilegedtohaveaveryuniqueexperience,includingmanyeducationalopportunities.”及最后一段中的“ButmostwillsaythatseeingAntarcticahelpsmaketheworldmoreawareof...”可知,大多数人认为去南极旅行会很有教育意义。故选C项。

B

As I drove along the road,a small car flew across the centre divider from the opposite direction and crashed into my car head-on.I lost consciousness and was awakened by the ringing of my mobile phone.

I was brought to Kuala Lumpur General Hospital bleeding on from my nose,mouth and legs.But the hospital staff was too busy to attend to me,so I called a friend to tell him about the accident.Some friends arrived very soon and sent me to a private hospital nearby.I saw my injured feet hanging from my body,blue and lifeless,and I begged the doctors to save them at all cost.They calmly promised to do their best.

The doctors made it.After I was discharged,I was given ten months medical leave.My heart sank,knowing that it meant I,a big man,couldn’t work.How was I going to support my 65-year-old mother and other family members?I felt completely helpless,but a lot of unexpected blessings came my way.When I was recovering at home,friends and relatives helped me with my banking,insurance or simply came to cheer me up. 

When the casts(石膏)were removed,I did not let the sight of my weak legs discourage me.I worked hard at my physiotherapy(物理疗法) with only one aim.After eight months,I was walking without the aid of a walking stick.On February the following year,I returned to my job again.Today,after eight years,I have travelled to many counties as a tour leader.

The accident makes me realise how lives can change in a second.I value life more,not only of my own but also of everyone I know,and I will always try to help when I know of someone in trouble.

5.What made the author come back to life in the traffic accident?

A.Someone made a call to him.

B.A car crashed into his car head-on.

C.One of his friends gave him first aid.

D.His mobile phone was out of order suddenly.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ilostconsciousnessandwasawakenedbytheringingofmymobilephone.”可知是有人打电话给作者,电话铃声让作者苏醒过来。故答案为A项。

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“wasdischarged”inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Wasinspired. B.Gotinjured.

C.Wasdiscovered. D.Lefthospital.

答案D

解析词义猜测题。根据画线词的前句“Thedoctorsmadeit.”和后面的“Iwasgiventenmonthsmedicalleave.”及语境判断出此处指作者出院后得到了10个月的病假,故画线词的意思是“出院了”。故答案为D项。

7.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph4?

A.Heishonestandstrong.

B.Heislearnedandintelligent.

C.Heisoptimisticanddetermined.

D.Heisdiscouragedanddesperate.

答案C

解析推理判断题。根据第四段中“Whenthecastswereremoved,Ididnotletthesightofmyweaklegsdiscourageme.Iworkedhardatmyphysiotherapywithonlyoneaim.Aftereightmonths,Iwaswalkingwithouttheaidofawalkingstick.”可以推断出作者积极进行康复治疗,乐观而坚定。故答案为C项。

8.Whatconclusiondoestheauthordrawfromtheaccident?

A.Lifeisveryprecioustopeople.

B.It’sahardjobtobeatourguide.

C.Manypeopleareintroubleinlife.

D.It’samustforsomeonetohelpothers.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Theaccidentmakesmerealisehowlivescanchangeinasecond.Ivaluelifemore,notonlyofmyownbutalsoofeveryoneIknow”可知,这次事故以后作者意识到了生命的宝贵,A选项:Lifeisveryprecioustopeople.符合题意。故答案为A项。

四、写作

(2022·江苏常州高二期末)

假如你是李华,听说你的朋友Martin打算去非洲进行户外探险。请写一封电子邮件给他,提醒他一些非洲冒险之旅的注意事项,要点如下:

1.写信的目的;

2.旅行所带必需品。

注意:词数80左右。

Dear Martin,

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Love,

Li Hua

参考范文

Dear Martin, 

I’m glad to hear that you are going to have an adventurous outdoor trip to Africa.I am writing to offer some suggestions.

When you go there,you should always carry some emergency food supplies.Anything with sugar in it,like chocolate,will boost your energy.Other important items are a torch,which helps you see in the dark,and a survival knife used to prepare food and protect yourself against wild animals.A first-aid kit is absolutely necessary.Also,it is very important to find a good backpack,since it’ll hold everything you need in the wild.

Wish you an enjoyable trip!

Love,

Li Hua