湖南省名校大联考2023-2024学年高三上学期第一次质量检测英语试题

这是一份湖南省名校大联考2023-2024学年高三上学期第一次质量检测英语试题，共18页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高三第一次质量检测
英 语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.₤19.15. B.₤9.18. C.₤9.15.
答案是C。
4. What are the speakers going to do most probably?
A. Go hiking. B. Visit a shop. C.Have dinner
2. How does the man feel now?
A. Embarrassed. B. Refreshed. C. Surprised.
3. What's the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Customer,and waiter. C.Colleagues.
4.What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A song. B. A fan. C. A trip.
5. What did the children fail to do in the Ocean Park?
A. Watch dolphin shows. B. See the white whales. C. Feed the sea turtles.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What's the date today?
A. It's December 23. B. It's December 24. C. It's December 25.
7. What will the speakers give their father?
A. Some money. B. An air-conditioner. C. Some flowers.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the classroom. B. In a library. C. In a cafeteria.
9.What has the woman been busy doing?
A. Meeting all her professors.
B. Writing papers for her classes.
C. Working overtime as a librarian.
10. What does the man give the woman?
A. A piece of advice. B. A cup of coffee. C. Some papers.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why didn't the woman have time to exercise?
A. She had to look after her daughter.
B. She had to look after her husband.
C. She had to prepare for the coming Christmas.
12. What is the first step to access information?
A. Tapping the screen.
B. Downloading an app.
C. Lighting up three lights.
13. What will the woman do next?
A.Go home. B. Keep running. C. Meet her friend.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How did the woman feel about finding a job?
A. Difficult. B. Interesting. C. Necessary
15. What did the woman do in Shanghai?
A. She took a trip to the city.
B. She interviewed someone.
C. She asked for a job.
16. When did the woman get her first job?
A. In 2007. B. In 2013. C. In 2014.
17. Where does the woman expect to fly in the future?
A. In America. B. In Africa. C. In Europe.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. How can players score in the game?
A. By throwing garbage into the right bins.
B. By collecting garbage as much as possible.
C. By leaving the least garbage at the end of the game.
19.What was the main purpose of making this game?
A. To make garbage sorting interesting.
B. To show the importance of garbage sorting.
C. To spread information on garbage sorting to the young.
20.What does Zhou Zhou think of the game?
A. It's ineffective. B. It's challenging. C. It's helpful
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A huge number of exchange programs and summer school programs are offered to international students around foreign universities worldwide. Today we explain the top student exchange programs -and -summer programs offered to foreign students.
Vienna Summer School
Vienna Summer School provides an incredible opportunity for 30 bachelor-level students to research side by side with world top researchers in the field of bioengineering. This paid summer program aims to attract international students and create an excellent research environment. This is a perfect opportunity for those students who are interested in the field of life science. The duration of Vienna Summer School is from Saturday, July 1 to August
28,2023.
SUSI Student Leaders Program
Bachelor-level students in Pakistan who are interested in the topic of public, local, state and federal policy making are invited to study in the USA through the short-tern SUSI student program 2023 held at the University of Massachusetts. This is an exchange program for Pakistani students. All expenses and accommodation costs will be covered by SUSI, so the application period is very short.
Hansen Leadership Exchange Program
The Hansen Summer Institute for Leadership is now open for the summer exchange program 2023. The Hansen summer program offers the opportunity to the USA and international students to build better leadership skills and a cultural understanding environment for the future. This 3-week summer exchange program is open for undergraduate, graduate,and doctoral students with any academic background.
IWP Summer Exchange Program
IWP Summer Exchange Program 2023 is a two-week writing and culture exchange program for Pakistani and Indian students in Iowa City, USA. The applicant from 18 to 22 from these countries with a background in art humanities is welcome to apply. This program will focus on creativity and is free for the selected applicants. The selected candidates will work together on the creation of paintings and sculptures.
1.Which program suits students who like biology?
A. Vienna Summer School.
B. SUSI Student Leaders Program.
C. IWP Summer Exchange Program.
D. Hansen Leadership Exchange Program.
R2.Why should students apply for SUSI Student Leaders Program early?
A. It is fully funded.
B. It is a short-term program.
C. It is limited to postgraduates.
D. It is supported by the government.
23. What will students in IWP Summer Exchange Program do?
A. Offer policy advice. B. Conduct research.
C. Write academic papers. D. Create artworks.
B
Visionary architects design buildings which speak for themselves. From towering concrete pillars to sculptural modernist domes(穹顶), the work of Balkrishna Vithaldas Doshi defined Indian architecture for the latter half of the 20th century. Known as B. V. Doshi, he was a versatile modernist architect—he designed everything from accessible housing projects to the Indian Institute of Management in Bangalore. Sadly, the great architect died on January 24,2023, at the age of 95, leaving behind a fascinating legacy.
Born on August 26, 1927, in Pune, southeast of Mumbai, Doshi grew up with his father and grandfather, a furniture maker. As a child he came to appreciate how their house grew and changed. In 1947, shortly before Indian independence, he began architecture school.However, he never finished, a fact which he'd later point to in life as an advantage. He married his wife Kamala Parikh in 1955. When she passed away, Doshi lived in a house he designed and named for his beloved wife.
Doshi was influenced by the famous Swiss-French architect known as Le Corbusier. Doshi studied with him in Paris and then returned to India to supervise the architect's work in Ahmedabad. In 1956, Doshi founded his own firm called Vastushilpa. He traveled the world lecturing at universities, worked with other famous architects, and even founded the Center for Environmental Planning and Technology (now CEPT University) focusing on understanding, designing, planning, constructing and managing human habitats.
"We did not want to imitate someone else's approach," he told the Louisiana Museum of Modern Art in 2018."We wanted to find our own identity."He drew from his pride in Indian culture to create a style distinct from Western designs."I think of my buildings as my friends, my family,"he said."I have a conversation with them, and that's how I create niches and staircases and openings and gardens…my buildings are not only pure and clear but designed to anticipate changes
Aside from his modern works, Doshi was devoted to creating works to benefit the poor.He designed the Aranya Low Cost Housing Project in Indore. The photographer Iwan Baan,who photographed some of Doshi's works, described the artist as "the most approachable architect I know. Even very poor people in his public housing projects knew him, which is exceptional"
S4. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "versatile" in paragraph 1?
A. Popular. B. modest
C. forward-looking. D. well-rounded
25. What do we know about Doshi's life?
A. He had a miserable childhood.
B. He regretted leaving school early.
C. He made a contribution to higher education in architecture.
D. He set up his company under the guidance of Le Corbusier.
26.What does the author want to illustrate by quoting Doshi's words?
A. The public support for Doshi.
B. The originality of Doshi's works.
C. Doshi's open mind on changes.
D. Doshi's love of architectural design.
97. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To give a brief account of Doshi's life.
B. To encourage people to visit Doshi's works.
C. To remember India's great architect Doshi.
D. To advertise Doshi's architectural philosophy.
C
PFAS are found in nonstick pans, water-proof fabrics and food packaging. They're called forever chemicals because of their ability to stick around and not break down. Now, using a bit of heat and two relatively common compounds, researchers have degraded(降解) the chemical in the lab.
While some scientists have found relatively simple ways of breaking down select PFAS,most degradation methods require harsh processes using intense pressure—in some cases over 22 mega-pascals—or extremely high temperatures—sometimes upwards of 1,000℃ —to break the chemical bonds.
William Dichtel, from Northwestern University in Evanston, and his team experimented with two substances found in nearly every chemistry lab; sodium hydroxide(氢氧化钠),also known as lye, and a solvent(溶剂)called DMSO. The team worked specifically on a group of forever chemicals which contain a large percentage of PFAS.
When the team combined chemicals with the lye and DMSO at 120℃ and with no extra pressure needed, the carbolic acid(羧酸)fell off the chemicals and became carbon dioxide."What happened next was unexpected," Dichtel said. The loss of the acid helped degrade the chemicals into fluoride ions(氟离子)and smaller carbon-containing products, leaving behind no harmful by-products.
"It's a neat method; it's different from others that have been tried," says Chris Sales, an environmental engineer at Drexel University in Philadelphia who was not involved in the study."The biggest question is how this could be adapted and scaled up. Understanding this mechanism is just one step in undoing forever chemicals," Sales said.
This process wouldn't work to deal with PFAS in the environment, because it requires a concentrated amount of the chemicals, but it could one day be used in wastewater treatment plants, where the pollutants could be filtered out of the water, concentrated and then broken down.
28. What can we learn about the previous ways to break down PFAS?
A. They're eco-friendly. B. They've been widely used.
C. They're difficult to operate. D. They're regarded as useless.
29. What did the team do in their experiment?
A. They experimented with different solvents.
B. They tried two very common substances.
C. They tested every group of forever chemicals,
D. They exposed chemicals to extreme temperatures.
30.What made the researchers most surprised in their experiment?
A. Environmentally-friendly reactions occurred.
B. The carboxylic acid became carbon dioxide.
C. No extra pressure was needed for the trial.
D. The lye and DMSO could work at 120℃,
31. What can we infer from Chris Sales' words?
A. It is difficult to deal with PFAS in the environment.
B. This mechanism will soon be used in the environment.
C. The method will be applied to different kinds of chemicals.
D More research is needed before the method is widely used.
D
The idea that the normal human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it's become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator of whether someone is sick or well. However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn't, in fact, correct—or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years.
Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm(标准), so the Stanford team, led by Julie Par-sonnet,
MD, professor of medicine and of health research and policy, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening.
For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct data sets from two historical periods. After going through 677,423 temperature measurements, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.6℃ lower than that of those born in the early 19th century while modern women showed an average decrease of 0.03℃ compared to those born in the 1890s.
As to why this is happening, the researchers say that the most likely mechanism is a reduction in the human metabolic rate(代谢率)due to environmental factors: One possibility is that improvements in public health over 200 years have reduced the incidence of inflammations(炎症),which promote metabolism. This combined with people living more comfortable lives in more stable environments means that the body doesn't have to work as hard to stay warm, so the average temperature falls.
"The environment that we're living in has changed, including the temperature in our homes, our contact with microorganisms(微生物)and the food that we have access to. All these things mean that although we consider human beings as the same for all of human evolution, we're not the same. We're actually changing physiologically,”Parsonnet said.
32. What is Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich's achievement?
A. He set up standards for human health services.
B. He predicted trends in human body temperature.
C.He first used body temperature as a health indicator.
D. He proposed the standard human body temperature.
33. What can we learn about the Stanford team's study?
A. It shows women have a lower body temperature than men.
B. It proves human body temperature has dropped at a faster rate.
C. It compared historical and current human body temperature data.
D. It suggested updating the definition of the average body temperature.
34 Which of the following is thought to cause the decrease in human body temperature?
A. The improved living conditions.
B. The contact with other creatures.
C. The decline in physically demanding work.
D. The adaptation of humans to climate change.
35. Which one could be the best title for the text?
A. What exactly is normal human body temperature?
B. Why does human body temperature need measuring?
C. Human body temperature has decreased over the years
D. Human body temperature changes with the environment
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Born in 1961, Snoussi, a Frenchman, first came to China in 1983. At that time, he was a law student at Aix-en-Provence University and accompanied his father on a business trip to China. __36__
In March 2006, Snoussi moved to Ningbo to help his father who had set up his export business. After living there for more than seven years, Snoussi realized that what he missed most was a traditional French bakery."__37__. which made Chinese, Korean, or European-style bread, but we couldn't find that specific French taste. It was unlike our daily bread,because in my home country, bread is a bit like rice in China," he explained. In June 2013,Snoussi opened an authentic(正宗的)French bakery in Ningbo.Though he had no baking experience, he quickly learned the ropes from a French baker.__38__.
What makes Mon Epoque unique is its authentic French identity, which guarantees a genuine French taste every day."We are one of the few French bakeries in China that directly imports flour from France, produced in the Cognac region from French wheat.__39__. These are the two most important ingredients in baking. This allows us to guarantee the same taste and quality day in, day out. We pay attention to the quality and the taste of our products so that our patrons can experience the same feeling every day,"he said.
__40__. In 2008,he donated over 30,000 yuan($4,300)to Wenchuan in Sichuan Province. In Ningbo, he donated T-shirts for students with disabilities and gave scholarships to outstanding students at a school. For several years, he sponsored(赞助)the Pink Ribbon Campaign organized by a team of foreign women to raise awareness about breast cancer. He also sponsored activities to encourage more people to look after stray dogs.
A. This French baker was famous for his unique bakery
B. Snoussi is keen on social activities in Ningbo
C. The butter used is also imported from France
D. Snoussi enjoys helping people in need
E. This visit was a culture shock for him
F. He named his brand Mon Epoque
G. We had good bakeries in Ningbo
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During my stay at the University of Michigan, one of the senior professors asked me to join a seminar on culture and emotion. In a general__41__of self-introductions, I introduced myself in a(n)__42__Dutch way as one of those who are"interested in culture and emotion". The professor supplemented(补充) my self-introduction to__ 43__American standards, saying I was one of the world's experts on the__44__.In response, I looked down in __45__,and thought that "expert" was a big word.
When I lived in North Carolina, my new friends came over to __46__. Conversations were full of interest and energy, and there was a lot of __47__.At the end of the evening,when my guests left, they thanked me for the dinner. My heart __48__ , because I was born and raised in the Netherlands, where"thanking for dinner"means the relationship is __49__.Emotions are different enough to feel out of __50__ when you move from one culture to another. The professor at the University of Michigan meant to make me feel 51, but instead made me uncomfortable. My friends meant to show __52__, but they made me think they were distancing themselves from me.
We think about emotions as feelings deep inside us, but in __53__, our emotions happen in interactions with others. In my own culture, it was hard to observe the 54 emotions of others, but I was able to see them when I moved to the US—a different __55__from where I was raised.
41. A. analysis
42. A. understated
43. A. set
44. A. approach
45. A. curiosity
46. A. play
47.A. support
48. A. sank
49. A. harmonious
50.A.date
51. A. reliable
52.A. gratitude
53. A. total
54. A. unbelievable
55. A. level
B. state
B. interesting
B. fit
B. situation
B.pity
B. dine
B. noise
B. melted
B. normal
B. shape
B. good
B. respect
B. advance
B. pure
B. culture
C. letter
C. dramatic
C. evaluate
C. topic
C. disappointment
C. work
C. fun
C. raced
C. strong
C. place
C. serious
C. admiration
C. detail
C. invisible
C. standard
D. round
D. proud
D. recommend
D. course
D. embarrassment
D. perform
D.arguing
D. opened
D. distant
D. sight
D. careful
D.affection
D. reality
D. powerful
D. value
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
3D bio-printing inside the human body could be possible thanks to a new soft robot. The device features__56__printing head directly mounted onto the tip of a soft robotic arm. This printing head, __57__consists of soft artificial muscles that allow it to move in three directions,works very__ 58__(similar) to conventional desktop 3D printers.
The soft robotic arm van bend and twist and can be made at any length __59__ (require), The printing nozzle(喷嘴)can be programmed to print per-determined shapes,or operated manually;__ 60__addition, a research team used a machine learning-based controller which can aid the printing process.
The team__61__(explain)how the device could potentially be used as an all-in-one surgical tool to perform a range of__62__(function). They said this could be especially important in surgery__63__ (remove) certain cancers.
The ability to carry out such multi-functional procedures__64__(demonstrate) on a pig's intestine(肠) last month and the researchers say the results show that the device is a __65__(promise)candidate for the future development of an all-in-one endoscopic surgical tool. The next stage of development for the system is in vivo(活体的)testing on living animals to demonstrate its practical use.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华，你校将在本周六上午邀请著名宇航员Mr Yang来作一场报告。请根据下面的要点提示，给喜欢太空探索的留学生朋友Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。要点如下：
1.写邮件的目的：
2.报告简介
3.你的期神
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
Dear Chris,






Yours,
Li Hua











第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The annual Halloween arrived, during which kids dressed in traditional clothes went to neighbors' houses to ask for candy.
Allison lived in a small town. That day after dinner, Allison put on her dress her father had just bought for her. The dress was cheap and second-hand because her family was poor.But Allison still thanked her dad and said,"Everyone will love my dress!" Then, she left for neighbors' houses to ask for candy.
On the way, she came across Anna and her friends and wanted to join them."No! Look at your dress! It's ugly!" Anna said. Her friends also laughed."Look at our dresses, especially mine! It's new and beautiful," Anna added. Her friends nodded, and in some way they were right. Anna's dress was shiny and looked expensive. She always had the best clothes because her parents were rich.
Allison was shocked and sad. The kids not only disliked her dress but made fun of it."You can't come with us!" Anna stressed."We would never hang out with you!" The other kids agreed and laughed. They all left to start collecting candy for the night while Allison was left alone, embarrassed in the middle of the street.
Anyway, she knew all the neighbors. She often helped around carrying their groceries and helping them with their gardens. People around there knew her. She didn't need to hangout with Anna or her friends."I'll go just alone,"the little girl said to herself and started walking.
She as well as Anna and her friends walked in the same direction: towards their first neighbor Mrs Vaughan's house. But Allison walked behind and kept her distance from them.And she stopped when Anna and her friends were near Mrs Vaughan's house.
Just then, Mrs Vaughan looked out of her window. She noticed that Allison was being excluded by Anna and her friends. She knew it was probably because of Allison's poor dress.She immediately felt pity for Allison, who often helped her and other neighbors. She decided to give Allison much more candy as a reward and teach Anna and her friends a lesson.注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Anna and her friends knocked on her door, Mrs Vaughan opened it.



Anna looked up and said,"Our clothes are more beautiful! But you gave Allison more candy! Why?"



_
































高三第一次质量检测
英语参考答案

【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个国际交换生项目。
21.A。细节理解题。根据对Vienna Summer School的介绍中的第一句以及“This is a perfect opportunity for thosestudents who are interested in the field of life science.”可知，Vienna Summer School适合对生物学感兴趣的学生。
22.A。细节理解题。根据对SUSI Student Leaders Program的介绍中的最后一句可知，因为所有的费用和住宿都由举办方承担，所以这个项目的申请周期很短。
23.D。细节理解题。根据对IWP Summer Exchange Program的介绍中的最后一句可知，学生们将会一起合作创作绘画和雕塑作品。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了印度建筑大师巴克里希纳·多西。
24.D。词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“he designed everything from accessible housing projects to the Indian Institute of Management in Bangalore”可知，巴克里希纳·多西可以设计普通民用住宅，也可以设计大型学院建筑；由此可知，画线词可与D项well-rounded“全能的”互换。
25.C。细节理解题。根据第三段的“He traveled the world lecturing at universities, worked with other famous architects, and even founded the Center for Environmental Planning and Technology(now CEPT University)focusing on…”可知，巴克里希纳·多西环球游学传道建筑学知识，创办了CEPT大学的前身the Center for Environmental Planning and Technology。由此可知，他对高等建筑教育做出了贡献。
26.B。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We did not want to imitate someone else's approach….We wanted to find our own identity…my buildings are not only pure and clear but designed to anticipate changes”可推知，巴克里希纳·多西在言辞中强调了其建筑的独创性，他不去追随和模仿别人，而是追寻独创。
27.C。推理判断题。本文高度赞扬了巴克里希纳·多西的成就，概述了他的生平，最后一段赞美了逝者的品德，从而表达了人们对逝者的敬意；由此可知，这是一篇悼文。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。美国埃文斯顿西北大学的研究人员发现了一种新的方法来分解那些难以分解的PFAS。
28.C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“…most degradation methods require harsh processes using intense pressure—in some cases over 22 megapascals—or extremely high temperatures—sometimes upwards of 1,000℃—to break the chemical bonds”可知，以前的那些分解方法需要高压高温，因此很难操作。
29.B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“… and his team experimented with two substances found in nearly every chemistry lab: sodium hydroxide(氢氧化钠),also known as lye, and a solvent(溶剂)called DMSO”可知，William Dichtel团队使用了两种很常见的物质。
30.A。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘What happened next was unexpected,'Dichtel said. The loss of the acid helped degrade the chemicals into fluoride ions(氟离子)and smaller carbon-containing products, leaving behind no harmful by-products.”可知，他们没预料到会有非常环保的化学反应发生。
31.D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的"'The biggest question is how this could be adapted and scaled up.Understanding this mechanism is just one step in undoing forever chemicals,'Sales said.”可知，Chris Sales认为想要广泛地应用这个方法还需要很多研究。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，人类的平均标准体温在下降，传统意义上的37℃的标准体温已经不适用于所有人。
32.D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The idea that the normal human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851.”和第二段中的“Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm”可知，Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich提出人类标准体温大约是37℃。
33.C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“…so the Stanford team, led by Julie Parson net, MD, professor of medicine and of health research and policy,decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends….”及第三段关于两个不同历史时期体温的对比可知，该研究团队对比研究了历史和当前的人体体温数据。
34.A。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“improvements in public health…combined with people living more comfortable lives in more stable environments"可推知，生活条件的改善使人类的标准体温降低。
35.C。标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究：自19世纪末以来，人类的标准体温有所下降；由此推断，C项为最佳标题。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一位名叫斯努西的法国人在中国宁波开特色法式面包店的故事。
36.E。根据“Born in 1961, Snoussi, a Frenchman, first came to China in 1983. At that time, he was a law student at Aix-en-Provence University and accompanied his father on a business trip to China.”可知，斯努西是普罗旺斯艾克斯大学的一名法律系学生，陪同父亲前往中国出差，这是他第一次来到中国，这次访问对他来说是一次文化冲击。E选项中的“This visit”指代的是斯努西首次中国行。故选E。
37.G。根据"which made Chinese, Korean, or European-style bread, but we couldn't find that specific French taste"可知，在宁波有很好的面包店，生产中国、韩国或欧洲风格的面包，但找不到那种特定的法国味道。G选项中的which指代逗号前面的内容。故选G。
38.F。根据"In June 2013, Snoussi opened an authentic(正宗的)French bakery in Ningbo. Though he had no baking experience, he quickly learned the ropes from a French baker.”可知，斯努西在宁波开设了一家正宗的法式面包店，并从一位法国面包师那里学会了做面包的诀窍，将自己的品牌命名为Mon Epoque。故选F。很容易误选A项，但是如果选A项，则下一段中的Mon Epoque出现太突然，段落衔接不上。
39.C。根据"We are one of the few French bakeries in China that directly imports flour from France, produced in the Cognac region from French wheat.”可知，斯努西的面包店直接从法国进口面粉，所用的黄油也是从法国进口的。故选C。C项中的“also”是解题关键。
40.D。根据空后整个段落内容，尤其是“donated”“sponsored”这两个关键词可知，本段主要是讲斯努西乐善好施，愿意帮助有需要的人。故选D项作为主题句。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者用具体事例表明：文化差异会导致不同国家的人以不同的方式表达情感。在荷兰文化中，作者很难观察到别人的情绪，但在美国，她可以看到她曾看不到的情绪。
41.D。根据下文“as one of those who are 'interested in culture and emotion'. saying I was one of the world's experts…”可知，在常规的一轮自我介绍中，作者称自己是“对文化和情感感兴趣”的人之一。
42.A。作者称自己是“对文化和情感感兴趣”的人之一，而教授称作者是专家，故可推知，作者是以一种低调的荷兰方式介绍自己的。
43.B。根据上文"I introduced myself in a(n) 42Dutch way as one of those who are 'interested in culture and emotion’”可知，教授补充了作者的自我介绍，以符合美国的标准。
44.C。根据上文的“a seminar on culture and emotion”可知，教授称作者是世界上研究该话题的专家之一。
45.D。根据空后的“and thought that 'expert' was a big word”可知，作为回应，作者尴尬地低下了头。
46.B。根据下文的“they thanked me for the dinner”可知，作者住在北卡罗来纳州时，新朋友来家吃饭。
47.C。根据上文的“Conversations were full of interest and energy”可知，他们的谈话充满了兴趣与活力，非常有意思。
48.A。根据下文的“but they made me think they were distancing themselves from me”可知，客人在离开之前感谢作者的招待。作者的心一沉，因为在荷兰出生、长大，“感谢晚餐”意味着关系疏远。
49.D。参考上题解析。
50.C。根据上下文可知，当你从一种文化过渡到另一种文化时，情绪的差异足以让你感到格格不入。
51.B。根据下文的“but instead made me uncomfortable”可知，那位密歇根大学的教授本想让作者感觉良好，但却让作者感到不自在。
52.A。根据上文的"they thanked me for the dinner”和下文的"but they made me think they were distancing themselves from me”可知，作者的朋友本想表示感谢，但却让作者觉得他们是在疏远自己。
53.D。根据上下文可知，情绪通常被认为是人们内心深处的感受，但实际上，情绪发生在与他人的互动之中。
54.C。根据上文所举的例子和下文的“but I was able to see them when I moved to the US”可知，在作者所处的荷兰文化中，很难观察到他人无形的情绪，但来到美国之后，她能够看到它们——这是一种与作者成长的地方不同的文化。
55.B。参考上题解析。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种未来很有可能大有开发前景的一体式内窥镜手术工具。
56.a。考查冠词。"printing head"在文中第一次出现，故应该用不定冠词表泛指概念，此处意为“一种”。
57.which。考查定语从句。此处应该用which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词"This printing head",在从句中作逻辑主语。
58.similarly。考查副词。副词作状语，修饰谓语动词works。
59.required。考查非谓语动词。因为前面已经有由and连接的三个谓语动词"can bend and twist"和"can be made",所以此处应该用非谓语动词，所填词与中心词“length”之间是动宾关系，因此应该用过去分词作后置定语。
60.In。考查介词。in addition“此外”。
61.explained。考查时态。根据从句中的“could”和上下文的时态特点可知，此处应该用一般过去时表过去发生的动作。
62.functions。考查名词。根据a range of可知，此处应该用名词复数。
63.to remove。考查非谓语动词。此处应该用不定式作目的状语。
64.was demonstrated。考查时态和语态。所填词与句子主语之间是动宾关系，因此应该用被动语态；再根据last month可知，此处应该用一般过去时表过去发生的动作。
65.promising。考查形容词。promising“有前途的；有希望的”。
第四部分
第一节
【参考范文】
Dear Chris,
I am writing to invite you to attend an inspiring lecture about space exploration to be given by Mr Yang, who is a famous astronaut, at 9 o'clock this Saturday morning.
You will have a good understanding of his life, education and achievement within the two-hour lecture.
Moreover, I am sure you will be inspired to participate in space travel in the future.
As a space travel lover, you will not miss the chance to see and even talk with the world-known astronaut face to face. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
一、评分原则
1.评分时先根据首段前几句定档，再通读文章抓要点给出最后给分。(看内容，找错误，抓要点，在本档次内打出相应分数)
2.评分时，应注意的重要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。(其中要点的涵盖最为重要，如果缺一个要点，哪怕文章写的再好，最高10分上限)
3.要点分：
1)写邮件目的(4分);2)报告简介(4分);3)你的期待(4分)。
4.字数少于60,可酌情扣1-2分。
5.书写较差以致影响交际，将其分数降低一个档次计分。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求



第二节
【参考范文】
When Anna and her friends knocked on her door, Mrs Vaughan opened it. The girls greeted her, showed off their beautiful clothes and asked for candy. Mrs Vaughan, who held a bag of sweets, asked them to wait for a moment.Then, she waved to Allison, calling out,"Dear, come here!"When Allison came, Mrs Vaughan said,"Oh, how beautiful you are today!" Then, she gave Allison most of her candy although the girl declined. When Allison walked away, Mrs Vaughan divided the rest of the candy among Anna and her friends, who were a little angry and confused.Anna looked up and said,"Our clothes are more beautiful! But you gave Allison more candy! Why?" Mrs Vaughan looked down calmly and explained that Allison was always friendly to neighbors."She has great inner beauty. Inner beauty is more important. Why not be friends with her?" Mrs Vaughan added. Hearing that, Anna and her friends' faces turned red and they realized they had done something wrong. They said goodbye to Mrs Vaughan,caught up with Allison, and sincerely invited Allison to join them. Allison nodded gladly and had new friends, who would no longer judge her by her clothes.
一、评分原则
1.本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。
2.评分时，先根据所续写短文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后
给分。
3.评分时，应主要从内容、语言、连贯三个方面考虑：
①内容的完整性、丰富性和情节的合理性；(是否呈现了完整、合理的故事)
②应用语法结构和词汇的多样性、准确性和恰当性；(考生的语言水平如何，表达是否清楚)
③上下文的连贯性以及与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度。(是否和所给情境以及段落提示语连贯、衔接到位)
4.单词拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
二、说明：
1.主要要点：
续写一：(每个要点3分)
1)女孩们向Allison讨要糖
2)Mrs Vaughan如何分糖给Allison
3)Mrs Vaughan如何分糖给女孩们
续写二：(每个要点3分)
1)Mrs Vaughan解释分糖原因
2)女孩们听了解释后的反应
3)结局如何及结尾升华
2.写作词数少于120的，酌情扣分(1—2分)。
3.如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次计分。
听力材料
Text 1
W:Do you have a map and a phone? We can't get lost.
M:Yes,they are with me. The weather seems hot today. We'll need plenty of water.
W:The water is in my backpack. Let's get going.
Text 2
W:Hi, there! I didn't know you were out. I thought you were still in bed. Where have you been?
M: I've been swimming! This is the new me. No more lying in bed on Sunday mornings. I want to get fit again. It's been a long,lazy summer!
Text 3
M:Hi, Kate,you are also having a tea break here?
W:Hi. I've worked on that project report for three hours. I sent it to our customer just now and finally I can have a cup of coffee to relax.
Text 4
M: Jay Chou brought us his new song Won't Cry last month. Have you listened to it?
W:Of course. I'm the big fan of him. The song's music video was shot in Japan. Lots of his fans traveled to Japan because of that.
Text 5
M:Did the children enjoy themselves in the Ocean Park?
W:Well, the children had a good time there. They fed the sea turtles and watched the white whales. They hoped to see dolphin shows, but there weren't any.
M:We can take them to a bigger one next time.
Text 6
W:What shall we get for Daddy? You see, it is Christmas Day the day after tomorrow.
M:We can give him some money and he can buy whatever he likes.W:He is not short of money.
M:Then we can buy him an air-conditioner, for it is so hot these days.W:But he doesn't like that.
M:Let's take him to America to enjoy a white Christmas.W:No. He doesn't like traveling.
M:Really? Then we can buy him some flowers.W:Good idea.
Text 7
M:I haven't seen you for a long time. Have you come for a cup of coffee or something?W:Oh, yes. I'm so busy. I've been spending a lot of time in the library.
M:Working on the paper?
W:Yeah, what drives me crazy is that I'm studying the 19th-century British King in all three classes, but I can't just write a single paper for all three.
M:Why not?
W: The professors won't let me do that even if I can make it three times as long as the suggested length.
M:Oh, that's too bad. I think you could try to write one paper on three aspects of one topic.
W: Mm, what do you mean? Do you have something in mind?
Text 8
M:Hey,Linda. I've never seen you on this path before.
W:Yes. Ever since Megan was born, I've been so busy. I haven't really had time to do exercise.
M:Well, what are you wearing on your wrist?
W:This is a piece of fitness tracking equipment that is in fashion now. My husband bought it for me for Christmas.
M:I've seen a lot of people wearing one. It doesn't have a big screen or anything. How do you access all that
information?
W:Well, first you have to download an app onto your smartphone. Then you set goals for yourself, like how many
calories you want to burn or how far you want to run. You see when I tap the screen here? Three of the five lights
are lit up. That means I am a little over halfway to my goal.
M:I see. You look a little tired. Are you going back home?
W:No. I should run another circle next. I guess we will meet each other again in about twenty minutes.
Text 9
M:How did you become a pilot, Anne?
W:Well, I always wanted to fly. It was interesting for me. So I went to an Air Training College.
M:Did you get a job after graduation?
W:No, certainly not. Nobody thought a woman could fly planes, so it took me several months to find a job.
M:How did you get your first job?
W:I can remember walking into the office of Shanghai Airlines and asking for a job. Everyone thought it was a great
joke. But then the president interviewed me and said yes. That was in 2007.
M:So how long have you worked for your present company?
W:I suppose I've worked here for about six years.
M:And have you enjoyed your time here?
W:Yes. I've seen most countries of Europe,and I've traveled to America. I want to fly somewhere in Africa in the future.
Text 10
Since Shanghai introduced garbage sorting on July 1, different games that help to spread the information have appeared.
An online game named Garbage Classification has become popular these days. In the video, players see four different types of bins, and they have to throw different garbage into the right bins to score.
Wu Xia, founder and CEO of Vitrella Core, the company that created the game, said the idea was mainly to provide an interesting way of learning about garbage sorting.
The game is described as the one that is simple and easy to understand. So is it effective?"As a Shanghai native,I am in great need of this game. Maybe I won't need to check how to sort each piece of garbage on my phone while going through all my garbage every day if I play this game more often," said Zhou Zhou.