高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 3 Family matters练习

Period 4　Developing ideas

Ⅰ.阅读

A

Move over, helicopter parents. “Snowplow (扫雪机) parents” are the newest reflection of an intensive (强化的) parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, texting their college kids to wake them up so they don't sleep through a test, and even calling their kids' employers.

Helicopter parenting, the practice of wandering anxiously near one's children, monitoring their every activity, is so 20th century. Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: machines moving ahead, clearing any difficulties in their children's path to success, so they don't have to suffer failure, frustration (挫折) or lose opportunities.

It starts early, when parents get on wait lists for excellent preschools before their babies are born and try to make sure their kids never do anything that may frustrate them. It gets more intense when school starts: running forgotten homework to school or calling a coach to request that their children make the team.

Rich parents may have more time and money to devote to making sure their children don't ever meet with failure, but it's not only rich parents practicing snowplow parenting. This intensive parenting has become the most welcome way to raise children, regardless of income, education, or race.

Yes, it's a parent's job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren't mature enough to do so. That's why parents hide certain toys from babies to avoid getting angry or take away a teenager's car keys until he finishes his college applications.

But snowplow parents can take it too far, some experts say. If children have never faced a difficulty, what happens when they get into the real world?

“Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills，” many child development experts say, “and if parents don't let their children experience failure, the children don't acquire them.”

篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一个群体——“扫雪机父母”。

1．What do we know about snowplow parenting?

A．It appeared before helicopter parenting.

B．It costs parents less than helicopter parenting.

C．It was a typical phenomenon of the 20th century.

D．It provides more than enough services for children.

答案：D　细节理解题。由第一段中的“‘Snowplow (扫雪机) parents’ are the newest reflection of an intensive (强化的) parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, texting their college kids to wake them up so they don't sleep through a test, and even calling their kids' employers.”可知，“扫雪机父母”会给成年子女预约理发，给上大学的孩子发短信叫他们起床去参加考试，甚至会给孩子的雇主打电话。由此可推知，“扫雪机父母”为孩子做了太多的事情。故选D项。

2．What does the fourth paragraph mainly say about snowplow parenting?

A．Its cost.  B．Its benefits.

C．Its popularity.  D．Its ending time.

答案：C　段落大意题。由第四段中的“This intensive parenting has become the most welcome way to raise children, regardless of income, education, or race.”可知，无论收入、教育或种族如何，“扫雪机父母”育儿方式非常受欢迎。故选C项。

3．Why does the author mention parents' taking away car keys?

A．To show teenagers are no better than babies.

B．To advise teenagers not to treat their cars as toys.

C．To advise parents not to buy cars for their teenagers.

D．To show it's correct to help children when necessary.

答案：D　推理判断题。由第五段中的“Yes, it's a parent's job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren't mature enough to do so.”可知，父母的工作是养育孩子，并在孩子还不够成熟的时候通过他们的智慧为孩子的未来做准备。由此可推断出，作者提到父母拿走孩子的车钥匙的事例就是为了表明父母在必要时帮助孩子是正确的。故选D项。

4．What's the possible result of snowplow parenting according to the experts?

A．Children lacking problem­solving ability in reality.

B．Children mastering more key life skills than parents.

C．Children gaining great success in every aspect of life.

D．Children meeting no problems or frustration after growing up.

答案：A　推理判断题。由最后一段“‘Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills，’ many child development experts say, ‘and if parents don't let their children experience failure, the children don't acquire them.’”可知，“扫雪机父母”的教育结果会让孩子在现实世界中失去解决问题的能力。故选A项。

B

It was when I was walking to my office, trailed by three young people whose ages ranged from 16 to 25, flowing down the corridor behind me like the tail of a kite, that I thought of it for the first time.

This could be because I am not actually a mother. Until recently, I was not a “real” stepmother either. But I have been living with the man who is now my husband, Bernardo for 10 years and in those 10 years, not only have his younger daughters spent every other weekend and half of their school holiday with us but also his son has lived with us full­time. In fact, when Bernardo asked me to move in, he asked his son for permission first.

Being a step mum is hard enough but being a sort­of­step­mother is about the most awkward position a mature woman can find herself in. With my sort­of­steppies, I have occupied a place of influence, power and sometimes extreme anger by turns. I have stepped on a delicate path between being a grown­up friend, a bridge of influence with their father, the woman of the house, and a figure of authority—but not too much.

Love the kids or hate them, you must always remember that no matter how much you cook, clean, hug, comfort and discipline, you will never actually count.

To survive, I trained myself to love the stepkids as hard as I could, but not to care. It's a handy piece of good mental health trickery I recommend to anyone in my position. I can help with homework, yes, but not bother about the results of that homework. I can teach them good manners, but not care about the bad habits they learn at home. Semi­detached is the position.

篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要叙述作为一位继母应该如何恰当地与孩子相处。

5．Which of the following is true about Bernardo?

A．Bernardo seldom cares about the kids.

B．Bernardo dislikes living with his kids.

C．Bernardo respects the opinion of his kids.

D．Bernardo doesn't recognize his wife as a “real” stepmother.

答案：C　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“In fact, when Bernardo asked me to move in, he asked his son for permission first.”可知，Bernardo(伯纳多)再婚让妻子搬进家里，还要征求孩子们的同意，由此可推断出Bernardo尊重孩子的意见。分析选项可知C项符合题意。

6．What does the author think of her role in the family?

A．She was totally favored by the kids.

B．She has acted as an enemy of the kids.

C．She didn't have any influence in the family.

D．She was the communication bridge between kids and their father.

答案：D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后部分“I have stepped on a delicate path between being a grown­up friend, a bridge of influence with their father, the woman of the house, and a figure of authority ...”可知，继母的身份令作者处于一种微妙的境地，既是一个成熟的朋友，又是能对他们的父亲产生影响的沟通的桥梁；既是家里的女主人，还是权威人物。故D项符合题意。

7．What's the author's advice for stepmothers in the last paragraph?

A．Be partly engaged in kids' life.

B．Care little about kids' behavior.

C．Seldom get involved in kids' homework.

D．Become the absolute authority of the family.

答案：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It's a handy piece of good mental health trickery I recommend to anyone in my position. I can help with homework, yes, but not bother about the results of that homework. I can teach them good manners, but not care about the bad habits they learn at home. Semi­detached is the position.”可知，作者对于继母的建议就是部分地参与到孩子们的生活中，与文章最后一句中的“Semi­detached”相呼应。故选A项。

C

Last month I had a meeting in Seattle, so I decided to bring the whole family and make a trip out of it. We had always wanted to take the train down the coast, so we decided this was the perfect opportunity. We flew up to Seattle, had a few fun days to explore the city and then boarded a train in Seattle in the morning.

We arrived at the train station about 25 minutes before the train left. There were only a few other people in line, so getting on the train was so easy.

The scenery was beautiful and exciting. It was so great to sit next to the window and watch the country go by, which was very enjoyable. The train traveled all along the water as we headed south to Oregon.

The best part about the train was that you could get up and walk around to do stuff, and actually there was a lot of stuff to do. You could go to the observation car. There you could relax and watch the scenery. They also had a theater car where they were showing Arthur Christmas, which kept the kids entertained. There was also the dining car that served meals. The agent came around before every meal and made a reservation (预订). The food was fine, but not amazing. But everything was served in a way as if you were at a restaurant. It was fun to eat with a view of Mount Hood outside your window.

When it was time to sleep, the agent helped us fold down our beds into double bunk beds (双层铺位). I didn't get a picture of this, but it felt comfortable.

We had a great experience and have even been talking about taking a train trip across the country again sometime.

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者带着家人沿着西雅图的海岸乘火车旅行。

8．From Paragraph 1 we know that the writer and his family ________.

A．went to Seattle mainly to attend a meeting

B．looked forward to a train ride down the coast

C．visited the city Seattle from time to time together

D．didn't take trains a lot as a family together in the past

答案：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We had always wanted to take the train down the coast”可知，他们一直都期盼能乘火车沿着海岸旅行。

9．When the writer and his family arrived at the train station, ________.

A．it was very hard for them to get on the train

B．there were only a few people on the train

C．all the other people had got on the train

D．they didn't wait long to board the train

答案：D　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“There were only a few other people in line, so getting on the train was so easy.”可知，作者一家人没等多久就上了火车。

10．How did the writer most probably feel sitting next to the window and watching the country go by?

A．Upset.  B．Worried.

C．Relaxed.  D．Bored.

答案：C　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“It was so great to sit next to the window and watch the country go by, which was very enjoyable.”可推断作者坐在窗边欣赏外面的风景时感到很放松。

11．After reading the passage, we learn that the writer's family ________.

A．didn't like the beds in the train

B．enjoyed their trip very much

C．felt a little disappointed after the trip

D．didn't want to travel across the country

答案：B　推理判断题。根据末段“We had a great experience and have even been talking about taking a train trip across the country again sometime.”可推断作者一家人在火车上过得很愉快。

D

Whenever I heard strangers singing out loud, whether it was in the supermarket or on the street, I used to think how annoying it was. That was until a few months ago.

Recently, my daughter Zoe started her second year of middle school with a new sense of awareness, asking me to fix the “little girl” pattern on her wheelchair seat. Not wanting her to stand out at school, I spent hours filling in pale yellow stars with a black marker, eager to erase whatever childish signs I could. Shortly after, Zoe got really sick and had to miss 20 days of school. This meant our days were filled with rushing between hospital appointments and meetings with the school, as we tried to make sure she didn't fall behind on her schoolwork.

I felt pulled back to a time when she was little and her sickness was a huge part of her life. Back then, it seemed like Zoe lived in hospitals, as she spent so much time in them. No matter how sick she got, however, she always had a positive attitude. But this was different: Zoe was no longer singing like she normally did. Zoe usually sings all the time, whether she's playing, riding in the car, or just doing her homework. There was no need for a radio in our house; Zoe provided the music for us. Consumed (被折磨) with my motherly worries, it was more concerning to me than her sickness.

One day, however, I heard her beautiful voice as I was cooking dinner. I stopped what I was doing and just smiled. “Pure delight.” I thought to myself. Her voice slowly grew stronger, and soon, both the car and the house were filled with her music once more. How had I not noticed her singing had completely stopped, weeks and weeks ago? Now, thankfully, she's back in school, smiling and singing, and I'm thankful for each and every song she sings.

These days, whenever I hear a stranger singing a song to themselves, I don't get mad. Instead, I smile, as I know that by singing out loud, they're simply sharing their happiness with the world.

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者对陌生人的歌声很排斥，但在女儿生病后，作者却改变了想法。

12．When did the author feel bothered?

A．When hearing strangers singing.

B．When her daughter started middle school.

C．When fixing stars on the seat.

D．When her daughter became sensitive.

答案：A　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知当听到陌生人唱歌时，作者感到厌烦。故选A。

13．Which of the following best describes Zoe?

A．Considerate and helpful.

B．Competitive and hardworking.

C．Optimistic and strong­willed.

D．Self­aware and modest.

答案：C　推理判断题。根据第三段第三句可知Zoe是乐观且意志坚强的。故选C。

14．What does “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Zoe's love for music.

B．Zoe's falling behind at school.

C．Zoe's silence during her sickness.

D．Zoe's slow recovery from her sickness.

答案：C　词义猜测题。结合上文可知Zoe在生病期间不再像往常一样唱歌，这让作者感到担忧。故“it”指的是Zoe在生病期间的沉默。故选C。

15．What does singing mean to people, according to the author?

A．A way to get rid of stress.

B．A way to express love to others.

C．A way to communicate with others.

D．A way to share joy.

答案：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知作者认为唱歌是一种与人分享快乐的方式。故选D。

Ⅱ.语言运用

When I was four years old, my mother and father got divorced (离婚). At that time, my brother was only eight. Being a single parent is a __1__ enough job in itself but my mother also worked full­time.

Most people who heard about this __2__ probably thought that at least one of the children would __3__ getting into some kind of __4__ whether with the law or something else, but that never __5__. My mother taught both of us about morals, goals and rules, along with many other things.

Although she __6__all week, my mom always had __7__ for us, whether it was to take us to our baseball and soccer games or if we just __8__ someone to talk to. At one point I remember clearly that I had a speech problem, and that she made me __9__every night over and over again until I got it __10__.

All in all, I feel I can __11__ with my mother about anything, with her acting more as a __12__ than a parent. I realize not everyone has a mother like mine, which makes me __13__her even more. After everything she has done for me, I want to make her __14__ by being the first woman in my family to go to college and get a(n) __15__.

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的妈妈独自一人把作者和哥哥养大，她是世上最让作者敬佩的人。

1．A.bad     B．sad

C．rare     D．hard

答案：D　句意：单亲妈妈本来就是一份很艰难(hard)的差事，而我的妈妈还要全天工作。

2．A.news     B．situation

C．opinion     D．rule

答案：B　上一段讲述的是作者小时候的家庭情况(situation)。

3．A.end up     B．worry about

C．dream of     D．start out

答案：A　由上文作者成长的家庭环境判断，听了作者的情况后多数人认为作者和哥哥会以遇到法律或其他方面的麻烦收场。end up意为“以……收场”。

4．A.danger     B．trouble

C．conversation     D．war

答案：B　结合语境可知，此处指在这样的家庭背景下长大，会遇到法律问题或其他麻烦(trouble)。

5．A.changed     B．improved

C．ended     D．happened

答案：D　根据下句中的“taught”可知，这种坏情况根本没有发生(happen)。

6．A.complained     B．studied

C．worked     D．exercised

答案：C　根据上文中的“worked full­time”可知，妈妈一周都得工作(work)。

7．A.advice     B．surprise

C．time     D．prize

答案：C　根据该空后的“whether it was to take us to our baseball and soccer games or ...”可知，妈妈再忙也抽出时间(time)陪伴作者和哥哥。

8．A.called     B．needed

C．found     D．welcomed

答案：B　此处意为哪怕作者和哥哥只是需要(need)找人谈谈心，妈妈都会抽出时间来。

9．A.practise     B．look

C．reply     D．sing

答案：A　与本空前的“speech problem”构成呼应。作者说话不流利，于是妈妈就让作者晚上反复练习(practise)。

10．A.simple     B．right

C．useful     D．ready

答案：B　练习了很多遍之后，作者说话终于正常了。get it right意为“正确做某事”。

11．A.debate     B．read

C．talk     D．learn

答案：C　根据该空后的“with her acting more as a __12__ than a parent”可知，作者感觉自己和妈妈无话不谈。

12．A.friend     B．volunteer

C．classmate     D．workmate

答案：A　作者和妈妈无话不谈，她就像作者的一个好朋友(friend)。

13．A.pay     B．reward

C．expect     D．appreciate

答案：D　根据上文妈妈对作者的言传身教可知，作者觉得没有一个人的妈妈能比得上自己的妈妈，这让作者非常感激(appreciate)她。

14．A.popular     B．confident

C．proud     D．shocked

答案：C　根据该空后的“being the first woman in my family to go to college and get a(n) __15__”可知，作者想让妈妈为她自己感到自豪(proud)。

15．A.degree     B．chance

C．award     D．advantage

答案：A　承接该空前的“go to college”可知，此处意为“取得学位(degree)”。

Ⅲ.语法填空

Today my daughter and I went to a parking lot __1__ (sell) some of our eggs. It's an __2__ (extreme) cold day. As we pulled into the parking lot, there was a man __3__ (sit) on the roadside, holding his bike, and he held up a paper plate on __4__ he had written “will work for food”．

He was still there as we left the parking lot, and I asked my daughter “should we get him some food or some money？” and she said “yes, let's.”

So I pulled up next __5__ him, got out of the car, and gave him all my egg money. I still had another dozen __6__ (egg) in the car, so I asked if he wanted them, __7__    unexpectedly, he said no. He still had half a dozen and he didn't want __8__     (donate) from others more than he needed.

I felt __9__ (freeze) through and through just standing there talking with him for a minute, and he must be sitting there for hours. I'm glad we __10__ (stop), and I'm glad I got out of the car and talked with him for a minute. I hope he has a warm place to sleep tonight.

1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

9．________　10.________

答案：1.to sell　2.extremely　3.sitting　4.which　5.to

6．eggs　7.but　8.donation(s)　9.frozen/freezing　10.stopped

◎每日新闻条

Farmers and tea­picking_workers have started to harvest the_first_batch of the West Lake Dragon_Well_tea,_in Hangzhou. Zhejiang Province, a_major_tea_production_base in east China, has adopted  big_data to accurately forecast the proper time for harvesting tea leaves to mitigate the impact of labor_shortage caused by the epidemic.

农民和采茶工人已经开始在杭州收获第一批西湖龙井茶。作为中国东部主要茶叶生产基地的浙江省已经利用大数据准确预测了收获茶叶的适宜时间，以减轻由疫情造成的劳动力短缺的影响。

【坚持积累】

①major/'meIdʒə(r)/adj. 主要的

②base/beIs/n. 基地

③adopt/ə'dɒpt/v. 采用

④accurately/'ækjərətli/adv. 准确地；精确地

⑤forecast/'fɔːkɑːst/v. 预测

⑥mitigate/'mItIɡeIt/v. 减轻；缓和

⑦impact/'Impækt/n. 巨大影响

⑧labor/'leIbə(r)/n. 劳动力

⑨shortage/'ʃɔːtIdʒ/n. 短缺