广东省四校2023-2024学年高三上学期9月联考考英语试题

2023～2024学年第一学期高三四校联考（一）

英语试卷

命题学校：中山市实验中学   命题：欧阳凤枝  周文庭   审题：张梅莉

说明：本试题共8页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。

2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

第一部分  选择题（共二节，满分50分）

第一节  阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Old Furniture Falling Apart?

Let Southwark Carpenters help.

    Want a walk-in wardrobe (衣柜)? Fancy a fitted kitchen? Or just want to replace your old floorboards? We custom-build furniture and fittings to work with your house, and your vision. We work with a variety of trade suppliers to build you items out of the finest quality woods at the lowest reasonable price.

    To receive a quoted price for your work, please send us an email or pick up the phone and let us know: (1) the work to be completed; (2) the dimensions of the item/ flooring to be created; (3) the material to be used; (4) the timeline for the work to be completed. That gives us enough information to create a custom quoted price, then you can review it and book an in-person discussion with one of our professionals.

    We’re excellent at creating wonderful fittings and furniture with woods. Give us a call and let our knowledgeable staff talk you through your options.

    CONTACT US TODAY 020 79460345 CALLS ANSWERED 24 HOURS A DAY

 Hear what our customers have to say (a selection of our reviews):

 “George was professional, friendly, and went the extra mile to finish the job on the same day. Thank you.” Trankle (Kent)

 “Will definitely use it again and recommend it to our friends. Lee did such a great job making our custom wardrobe.” Loren (Hampshire)

 “We got a quoted price for some work from a different carpentry company that seemed quite high. Sarah was able to get the work done for half of our initial quote, and didn’t lower the quality!” Dancy (Sussex)

 “Klaus has done a couple of carpentry projects for us. He is 100% reliable and a real artisan.” Herbert (Surrey)

1. Which work is Southwark Carpenters capable of?

  A. Laying new flooring.     B. Custom-building a house.

  C. Repairing old furniture.     D. Supplying good-quality woods.

2. What do you need to do for a carpentry service?

  A. Email the staff your budget.    B. Make a phone call during the day.

  C. Discuss with the staff online.    D. Provide related data in advance.

3. Who praised Southwark Carpenters for its low price?

  A. Trankle.   B. Loren.    C. Dancy.    D. Herbert.

B

    In early 2021, I hit a rut in my studies. As a doctoral candidate at the University of Chicago in Illinois, I worked to design safer, more effective materials for vaccine delivery. Although I had been productive early in my graduate career, my long hours and hard work were no longer translating into success in the laboratory, and I felt hopeless about achieving my goals. Something had to change.

    As I began to search for the cause of my struggles, I became increasingly aware that my “quiet time” at the lab bench — for instance, when I was running columns or experiments — was anything but. Instead of thinking about science, I was watching television or interacting with social media on my smartphone. Although I could cover up this inefficiency with longer hours, my work felt chaotic (混乱的) and disorganized. I would come home from a long day in the lab and respond to e-mails or messages over dinner or in bed. This all came to a head last summer, when my inability to balance work and life led me to seek help from the university’s student mental-health services.

    Through a combination of consultation and personal reflection, I came to understand my problem. To regain my focus, I chose to reduce my connectivity by using a basic mobile phone without an Internet connection during work hours, and removing unnecessary apps from my smartphone when I did use it.

    Underscoring the addictive nature of smartphones, I experienced symptoms of withdrawal when I first did this. With time, however, I began to make practical use of my quiet time. I started reading papers during long experiments, and developed a habit of writing in my down time.

    Perhaps most importantly, I have felt my anxiety decrease and my productivity and creativity improve dramatically, trading my chaotic work-life relationship for one with clearer boundaries and plenty of new scientific ideas. Now, even when I do carry my smartphone, I feel less forced to check for e-mails or messages, and can concentrate more closely on whatever task is at hand.

4. What does the underlined part “hit a rut” in paragraph 1 mean?

  A. Stopped progressing smoothly.   B. Had very slow reactions.

  C. Accepted hard work’s value.    D. Overcame a big problem.

5. What made the author struggle?

  A. Running columns or experiments.   B. His inability to get mental-health services.

  C. Replying to e-mails or messages.   D. His addiction to the phone.

6. What did the author choose to do during his quiet time later?

  A. Reflect on his successes and failures.  B. Learn practical writing.

  C. Watch television news.     D. Do some reading.

7. How does the author feel now?

  A. More courageous.      B. More sociable.  

  C. More focused.       D. More understanding.

C

    When the company OpenAI developed its new artificial intelligence (AI) program, ChatGPT, in late 2022, educators began to worry. ChatGPT could create text that seemed like a human wrote it. How could teachers discover whether students were using language created by an AI chatbot to cheat on a writing task?
    As a linguist who studies the effects of technology on how people read, write and think, I believe there are other more pressing concerns besides cheating. These include whether AI, more generally, threatens student writing skills, the value of writing as a process, and the importance of regarding writing as a tool for thinking.
    As part of my research on the effects of AI on human writing, I surveyed young adults in the U.S. about some issues related to those effects. One participant said that at some point if you depend on predictive text, you’re going to lose your spelling abilities. Enter “Was Rom” into a Google search and you’re given a list of choices like “Was Rome built in a day”. Type “ple” into a text message and you’re offered “please” and “plenty”. These tools complete our sentences automatically, giving us little chance to think about our spelling, and continuously asking us to follow their suggestions.

    Evan Selinger, a philosopher, worried that predictive texting reduces the power of writing as a form of mental activity and personal expression. “By encouraging us not to think too deeply about our words, predictive technology may change how we deal with each other,” Selinger wrote. “We give others more algorithms (算法) and less of ourselves. Automation can stop us thinking and the resulting text didn’t feel like mine anymore.”
 I asked ChatGPT whether it was a threat to humans’ motivation to write. The bot responded: “There will always be a demand for creative, original content that requires the unique viewpoint of a human writer.” It continued: “Writing serves many purposes beyond just the creation of content, such as self-expression, communication, and personal growth, which can continue to encourage people to write even if certain types of writing can be automated.”
 I was glad to find the program had seemingly admitted its limitations.
8. What is the author’s main concern about ChatGPT?
  A. Whether it will lead to students’ cheating. 

  B. Whether it will shape students’ writing style.
  C. How students will make use of it at school.
  D. What effects it will have on students’ writing.
 

9. What will predictive technology do to us according to Evan Selinger?
  A. Give us more creative ideas.    B. Make us write like a machine.
  C. Encourage us to think more deeply.  D. Make us tend to ignore grammatical mistakes.
10. What can we learn from ChatGPT’s response?
  A. Writing will become completely automated.  B. Robots will work with humans in writing.
  C. Robot writing will become more creative.  D. Human writing will still matter a lot.
11. What can be the best title for the text?
  A. What impact will AI bring to writing?  B. What is the future of modern literature?
  C. How to improve writing with AI’s help? D. How to apply AI technology to education?

D

 Two-thirds of the world population lives under conditions where the freshwater demand is more than twice the natural water availability for at least one month per year. According to official statistics, one billion of those live in India and 0.9 billion live in China. Other areas facing this problem for longer periods include Bangladesh (130 million people), the western and southern states of the USA (130 million), Pakistan (120 million), Nigeria (110 million), and Mexico (90 million).

 Communities use a range of techniques to overcome this issue. In dry summers, those near the coast can desalinate (淡化) seawater, although the process requires a large amount of energy and expenditure. Some remote inland communities have alternative methods that suit their particular conditions. For example, many high-altitude Chilean communities in the Andes use fog collectors, specialized nets that can gather just a few liters a day.

 Elsewhere, there’s another option available. Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new device that passively harvests water from the air around the clock. The device is made up of a specially coated glass pane (玻璃板) that reflects solar radiation and also radiates away its own heat. In doing so, it cools down by as much as 15 degrees Celsius below the surrounding temperatures. This difference in temperature between the air and the pane causes water vapor to condense (凝结) on its underside, which can then be easily collected.

 Tests so far have been conducted on a university building in Zurich and suggest that the device can produce twice as much water per day as other passive water-collection technologies. Under ideal conditions, researchers harvested 0.53 decilitres of water per square metre of the surface per hour. “That’s close to the theoretical maximum value of 0.6 decilitres per hour, which is physically impossible to exceed,” says Iwan Hachler, a doctoral student who is working on the technology.

 The zero-energy input of the set-up could make it suitable for use in developing countries, particularly in remote communities where water shortage is often combined with power shortages. The scientists are hopeful that the device could be used with other water-collection methods, such as desalination, to increase productivity.

12. What does the author want to tell us by mentioning official statistics in Paragraph 1?

  A. Fresh water insecurity is a global crisis.

  B. Water resources are unevenly distributed globally.

  C. Lack of water seriously restricts many countries’ growth.

  D. Developed countries are better at handling water shortages.

13. How do many Chileans living in the Andes deal with the inadequate water supply?

  A. By harvesting water from fog.

  B. By bringing in seawater and purifying it.

  C. By moving to water-rich areas in summer.

  D. By cutting down on their water consumption.

14. Why is a coated glass pane used in the new device?

  A. To hold the condensed water.    B. To work as a cooling surface.

  C. To get rid of harmful solar radiation.  D. To record the changes in temperature.

15. What can be inferred about the new device?

  A. It produces satisfying outcomes.    B. It is limited to laboratory environments.

  C. It has met with theoretical bottlenecks.   D. It needs further confirmation from experts.

第二节  （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

“Beauty is only skin deep” it is said. This means that a person’s appearance is not as important as their character. Yet it is strange why people and especially women are willing to spend a fortune on making themselves more attractive physically.     16     The reason can only be one, and it is that beauty has its advantages.

Attractive people are more popular generally. Beauty draws a positive response from the people around. This is obvious with children. For example, based on observation, there is a tendency for adults to treat good-looking children better. This favorable treatment continues into adulthood, as attractive people are more likely to be chosen for leadership positions and given more opportunities.     17   

Another important benefit that good-looking people enjoy is that they find a husband or wife more easily.     18     This initial attraction may then develop into romantic feelings and a serious relationship if the couple find that they are compatible (和睦相处的) with each other.

On the other hand, beauty has a number of disadvantages as well. Firstly, a good-looking person tends to attract unwanted attention from all kinds of people. The admirer may have bad intentions and cause problems for the target.     19     It is thought that beauty and brains do not go together. Thus, attractive people may not gain respect even when they deserve it because of this prejudice against them.

While every individual should take care of their outward appearance and look their best, they should not neglect (忽视) their inner beauty or character.     20     Also, they should not forget physical beauty is indeed, only skin deep and will not last.

A. Life is not always easy for beautiful people.

B. The skincare industry is a multi-billion dollar business.

C. It turns out being conventionally beautiful has its benefits.

D. It is a fact that people are first attracted to outward appearance.

E. They should not place such importance on beauty that they become proud.

F. Being well-treated gives attractive people more confidence and they perform better.

G. Another problem faced by good-looking people is that they may not be taken seriously.

第二部分  语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节  完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

 When our neighbor’s 94-year-old father passed away, his mother moved in with them. She      

   21    a home full of canned goods. Later, the women’s group in our community   22   that anyone in need of home canning supplies could come to the     23    and take what was available. The contents were too old to eat, but the jars could be    24   .

I was a new canner with not much     25    but a desire to do more, so our family set out to    26    supplies. When we     27   , we found three decades of frugality (节俭) and preparedness. In the basement of the home was a storehouse of    28   and canned home-grown foods. Different-sized jars were filled with decades of autumn’s harvests.    29    from those shelves were jams, vegetables, fruit, beans, juice, and smoked fish.

   30   , for our family to make use of the jars, the fruits of harvests past had to be    31  . I carried the jars to the backyard, my wife    32    them and emptied their contents, my older son cleaned them out and my daughter kept the baby   33   . That evening I    34   sanitizing (消毒) the glass jars.

On that day, we filled our vehicle with jars, but more    35   , we filled our family with lessons of life. I am grateful for the good examples of our neighbors.

21.  A. came across  B. heard about   C. left behind   D. held back

22.  A. announced   B. admitted   C. predicted   D. pretended

23.  A. shelter    B. house    C. restaurant   D. park

24.  A. essential   B. powerful   C. familiar   D. useful

25.  A. effort    B. energy    C. equipment   D. pressure

26.  A. buy    B. deliver    C. witness   D. collect

27.  A. gathered   B. slid    C. arrived    D. escaped

28.  A. stolen    B. preserved   C. baked    D. damaged

29.  A. Looking down  B. Showing off  C. Turning up   D. Breaking away

30.  A. Hopefully   B. Finally   C. Expectedly   D. Unfortunately

31.  A shared    B. frozen    C protected   D. removed

32.  A. packed   B. opened   C. painted   D. repaired

33.  A. entertained   B. annoyed   C. frightened   D. bathed

34.  A. laughed at   B. referred to   C. stayed up   D. applied for

35.  A. strictly    B. significantly  C. urgently   D. amazingly

第二节  语法填空（共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分）

 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

 A new study has shown that consuming artificial sweetener (甜味剂) may lead to an increased risk of cancer. The study,     36    appeared in the journal PLOS Medicine, indicates that individuals who take in higher-than-average amounts of artificial sweetener are 13% more likely  

   37    (suffer) from cancer.

 The authors of the study collected daily dietary     38    (diary) from 102,865 French  adults over eight years. After     39    (take) into account other risk factors for cancer such as age, weight, physical activity, and fat intake, the authors found those consuming high amounts of artificial sweetener had a higher cancer occurrence rate      40     non-consumers. Meanwhile, they found that cancer rates were just as high in excessive consumers of artificial sweetener and excessive sugar intake may be    41    (equal) associated with cancer risk, according to the authors.

 While artificial sweetener     42      (add) to many food products routinely, other kinds of natural sweetener such as stevia (甜菊糖) are also highly popular with health-conscious eaters. The study doesn’t note     43   these plant-based alternatives carry similar health risks or not. However, from the study the authors draw the     44    (conclude) that artificial sweetener shouldn’t be used as     45      safe alternative to sugar.

第三部分  写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 （满分15分）

假如你是李华，你的好友Caroline即将参加你们学校举办的留学生中文写作大赛的决赛，写信询问你的建议。请你给她写封邮件，内容包括:

 1. 表达祝贺;   2. 提供建议；   3. 表达祝愿

注意: 1.词数80左右;

  2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

  3.开头和结尾已给出,不计人总词数。

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Edward walked slowly past the school blacktop where his older brother, Leon, was playing basketball with his friends. Leon didn’t notice Edward until he turned to shoot the ball. Leon really loved basketball and was good at it. But Edward was another story.

Edward would beg to play with them but Leon’s friends complained a lot. For some reason, in that last game, Edward’s playing was worse than ever. He couldn’t do anything right. He was completely unable to keep possession of the ball. He missed even the easy rebounds. His dribbling (控球) was useless, and none of his throws were anywhere near the basket. Leon had to turn his brother away.

Edward was always a genius at maths. He was so advanced that he already knew how to solve long division problems before he was taught in school. Word problems, even the complicated ones with several steps, were no problem.

One day, Leon’s maths teacher pulled him aside. “You need to do better, a lot better, or you’re not going to pass this class. There’s a big test coming up.”

Leon’s heart sank. When he got home, he talked with Edward about it. The boys agreed that over the next two weeks they intended to spend an hour each day after school working on maths problems and then an hour playing basketball.

“Here is a good one,” Edward said and pointed to a word problem. “Why don’t you read it?”

Leon looked at the book for several seconds. “I'm dizzy already!” he exclaimed.

“Do you know what the first step is?” asked Edward. “The first step is to stay cool and focused,” Edward talked Leon through the problem. “Think about what you need to find out. Don’t let the problem trick you.” Step by step, together they figured it out and got the right answer. Leon soon discovered that Edward was really good at helping him.             

注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右; 

     2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。