高中英语2024届高考复习真题熟词生义汇总

高考英语真题熟词生义
absent
[熟义]adj.缺席的
[生义]adj.茫然的，心不在焉的
1.Failure to provide enough chaperones (监护人） will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult. （2022.全国新高考II卷）
如果未能提供足够的监护人，将会因每位缺席的成人额外收费50美元。
2.Many students are absent from class. （2014.四川卷）
很多学生上课缺席。
3.'Nothing,' Rosie said in an absent way.
“没什么，”罗茜心不在焉地说。
4.She looked up with an absent smile.
她抬头，露出一个恍惚的微笑。
abuse
[熟义]v.滥用；谩骂
[生义]v.虐待 n.滥用；妄用
1The main theme of the forum was how youth can drive change in political and public life.It dealt with issues (问题) such as drug abuse,violence and unemployment. (2013.福建卷）
论坛的主题是年轻人如何在政治和公共生活中推动变革。它涉及了如毒品滥用、暴力和失业等问题。
2‘You are clearing too much land,’warned one old man.‘The land is a living thing.It will hit back at you if you abuse it.’ (2013.江西卷）
"你们破坏了太多的土地，"一个老人警告说。"土地是有生命的。如果你虐待它，它会反击你。"
add
[熟义]v.添加
[生义]v.补充说
1.Written communications can often read as cold and dull.Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. （2020.全国II卷）
书面交流经常可能读起来冷淡和乏味。使用表情符号可以增加幽默和情感，使意图更加明确。
2.Start with herbs,she recommends,because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,”she added.“I think it’s a great place to start.” （2015.湖北卷）
她建议从草本植物开始，因为“它们非常宽容”。即使只是少量的草药，“也可以让你的常规烹饪达到一个全新的水平，”她补充说。“我认为这是一个很好的起点。”
address
[熟义] n.地址，住址，（互联网等的）地址；演说；演讲
[生义] v.称呼；发表演说；提出；写地址；处理；向......说话
1.The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society addressed the opening ceremony.（2022.全国乙卷）
中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。
2.The government is taking steps to address the issue of climate change.
政府正在采取措施解决气候变化问题。
3.The Coalition for the Homeless is an organization that seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States.
"无家可归者联盟"是一个组织，旨在解决美国无家可归人口的需求。
4.The Swiss tend to be formal and address each other by last name. (2014.浙江卷）
瑞士人通常比较正式，习惯以姓氏来称呼彼此。
5.tonight’s televised presidential address
今晚总统的电视演讲
6.In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue． (2011.上海卷）
在一封致函司法部长肯·克拉克的信中，40名考古学家表达了他们对该问题的“深深和广泛的担忧”。
admit
[熟义]vt.承认
[生义]vt.准许进入；接纳；容纳；容许
1.They honestly admit, however, that they hardly know a thing when it comes to understanding how a piece of music is made.（2007.全国II卷）
然而，他们坦诚地承认，当涉及到理解一段音乐是如何创作出来的，他们几乎一无所知。
2.When St．Augustine admitted his inability to define time， he highlighted one of time 's most noticeable qualities：Time becomes meaningful only in a defined context． （2021.北京卷）
当圣奥古斯丁承认他无法定义时间时，他突出了时间最显著的一种特性：时间只在明确定义的上下文中才有意义。
3.It was so popular that it survived long after women were admitted as full students to St Andrews in 1892.（2012.湖北卷）
它非常受欢迎，以至于在1892年圣安德鲁斯大学允许女性成为全日制学生后，它依然长期存在。
against
[熟义] prep.反对；逆着；倚靠着
[生义] prep.衬托；以......为背景；以防；和......相比
1.For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety.（2020.北京卷）
例如，研究人员发现，在伴随强烈情绪的危机情况下，如自然灾害，积极思考可以提供一种抵御抑郁和焦虑的缓冲。
2.As in many university classes,term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating. （2013.广东卷）
就像许多大学课程一样，学期论文会被对照一些大型互联网数据库进行扫描，以检查是否存在作弊行为。
3.However,this must be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care. （2012.福建卷）
然而，这必须与我们对所有城市孩子负有的最大照顾责任的利益进行权衡。
age
[熟义]n.年龄；寿命
[生义]n.变老; 时代,时期；很长的时间 v.变老
1.Expectations for future life satisfaction decline with age. (2013.湖北卷阅读E篇）
随着年龄的增长，对未来生活满足感的期望逐渐降低。
2.Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1,000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers’ memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. （2020.浙江卷阅读C篇）
德国莱比锡大学的研究者们聚集了超过1000名年龄在75岁以上的退休工人，并通过一系列测试评估了志愿者的记忆和思考能力。
3.Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart. (2022.新高考II卷阅读D篇）
对于那些处于中年的人来说，有幸的是，Levine发现即使你过去并不是一个热衷于锻炼的人，现在开始锻炼身体可能有助于改善你老化的心脏。
4.Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind,but once man has a great and good idea,it is never completely lost.The Digital Age cannot destroy it. （2015.江苏卷阅读D篇）
雅典并不是他心灵最深处的背景，但一旦人类拥有了一个伟大而美好的想法，它永远不会完全丧失。数字时代无法摧毁它。 (2022.新高考I卷阅读C篇）
5.It takes ages to see the results.
要花很长时间才能看到结果。
air
[熟义]n.空气；天空
[生义]v.发表（意见等）；使通风，使通气 n.感觉；印象；神态
1.The issues were openly aired and discussed by the group.
这些问题被公开提出并在小组进行了讨论。
2.The rooms had all been cleaned and aired.
所有的房间都已打扫干净并且通了风。
3.There was an air of complete confidence about her.
她显得信心十足。
4.Our travel plans are still up in the air.
我们的旅行计划尚未决定。
allow
[熟义]vt.允许；准许
[生义]vi.容许（+of); 考虑到，顾及（for) vt.预留，留出；使.....成为可能
1 Basic Math starts from the relatively easier concepts and gradually moves on to the more troublesome ones,so as to allow for steady and sure understanding of the material by students.（2012.北京卷）
Basic Math从相对容易的概念开始，逐渐过渡到更困难的部分，以便让学生稳步且确实地理解这些内容。
2.Hod Lipson,a professor at Columbia University,said,“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content,like vitamins. (2018.天津卷）
哥伦比亚大学的教授霍德·利普森说，“食品打印可能使消费者打印出含有定制营养成分的食物成为可能，比如维生素。”
3.Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.（2023.全国甲卷）
他们的恢复已经非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物服务部已经两次尝试将灰熊从保护名单中移除，这将会放松法律保护并允许人们狩猎它们。
4.Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains． (2011.上海卷）
在2008年之前，相关指导原则允许对足够古老且具有历史兴趣的骨骼进行适当的保存和研究，而1857年的埋葬法则适用于较近期的遗骸。
5.Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu,allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining. （2020全国乙卷）
餐厅可以在菜单的各种食物选择中提供音乐选择，让顾客更能掌控他们就餐的气氛。
6.Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents. (2023 全国新课标I卷）
除了Nanxiang外，最好的小笼包有着细薄的皮，可以在不撕破或溢出任何内馅的情况下从蒸笼中提起。
amount
[熟义]总数；总额
[生义]Vi.合计；共计
1.Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. （2021.全国新高考II卷）
由于照顾他们需要大量的精力，情况迅速变得非常紧张。
2.Sports account for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television companies. （2012.广东卷）
体育运动在电视公司通过商业时间销售所获得的收入中占据了越来越大的比例。
3.It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. （2022.全国新高考II卷）
令人震惊的是有多少完好的食物被扔掉 — 从被杂货商拒绝的“丑陋”（但完全可以吃的）蔬菜，到餐厅垃圾桶里扔掉的大量未吃完的菜肴。
4.“The middle class families have been financing it through debt．They will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt．” (2011.山东卷）
“中产家庭一直通过债务来为此提供资金。他们会不惜一切代价送孩子们上大学，即使这意味着巨额的债务。”
5.In 1990, immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italy’s then 56.7 million people,or about 2 percent.At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million,or 7.5 percent, immigrants’ children accounting for an ever larger percentage of births in Italy. （2017.浙江卷）
在1990年，移民在当时的5670万意大利人中约占114万，约占2%。今年初，居住在意大利的外国人为456万，总人口为6060万，占7.5%，而移民的孩子在意大利出生的比例越来越高。

assume
[熟义]v.假定;以为;假设
[生义]v.承担（责任）；就（职）；取得（权力）
1.But when it comes to medicine, I had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients． （2011.湖北卷阅读A篇）
但当涉及到医学时，我曾认为始终对我的病人诚实是很重要的。
2.The court assumed responsibility for the girl's welfare.
法庭承担了保障这个女孩福利的责任。
attend
[熟义] vt.出席，参加
[生义] vi.照应，照料；处理，料理（+to）
1.What should you do if you want to attend the taster session of Jodie’s fitness classes? （2021.新高考II卷）
如果你想参加Jodie的健身课试听课程，你应该怎么做？
2.Please excuse me.I must attend to some business.
请原谅，我必须处理一些事情。
3.The hotel staff attended to my every need.
宾馆员工对我照顾得无微不至。
charge
[熟义]n.费用;冲锋 vt.收费，索价；指控
[生义]vt.充电；装（满）；攻击；猛冲
v.
1.They always charge a lot for the service. (2011.安徽卷）
他们总是对这项服务收费很高。
2.Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay,in effect,by handing over yet more data). （2017.江苏卷）
这些服务远非向消费者收取高昂的价格，实际上许多服务是免费的（用户实际上是通过交出更多的数据来支付的）。
3.The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged. (2018.新课标III卷）
当雄性猩猩拍打胸膛并向我冲过来时，噪声震动了树木。我迅速低下身子，避开直视他的眼睛，以免让他感到被挑衅。
4.Before use, the battery must be charged.
电池使用前必须充电。
n.
1.Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers’ efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. （2022.全国乙卷）
根据财政部的数据，由于制造商努力避免这项费用，现在的饮料中糖的含量已经减少了4500万公斤。
2.There’s an apparent laziness that surrounds you here.It’s what this place offers, and it’s free of charge.The small waves that tap the shoreline seem to slow everything down. （2014.湖北卷）
这里似乎有一种明显的懒散气息环绕着你。这就是这个地方所提供的，而且是免费的。拍打海岸线的小浪似乎让一切都放慢了节奏。
3.Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge. （2013.全国甲卷）
虽然DIY传统上被视为男性的爱好，但研究表明现在是女性在引领这个潮流。
coin
[熟义]n.硬币
[生义]vt.造币，铸币；创造，杜撰（新单词或短语）
1.The term ‘cardboard city’ was coined to describe communities of homeless people living in cardboard boxes.
人们创造了 cardboard city 一词，用来指居住在纸板棚里的无家可归者所聚集的地区。
2.As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn’t take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt.He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter our of his coin changer. （2011.全国卷II)
作为一个5岁的男孩，我总是盯着他腰带上固定的硬币换钱器看。有一天他在送货时注意到了这一点，于是从他的换钱器中给了我一枚25美分硬币。
collect
[熟义]vt.收集
[生义]vt.积聚，积累；募集；领取；收到，获得
1.We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible，and make them into kits——one kit，one child． (2021.北京卷）
我们决定尽可能多地收集学习用品，并将它们制成套装——一个套装，一个孩子。
2.Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. (2022.新高考I卷）
去年，该机构通过接受捐赠和收集可能在田地里腐烂的有瑕疵的农产品，回收了超过807,500磅的食物。
3.The government has collected money. （2021.新高考I卷）
政府已经筹集到了资金。
collect one’s thought
e.g.She paused to collect her thoughts before entering the interview room.
她停下来定了定神，才走进面试室。
copy
[熟义]v.复制；复印; 抄写
[生义]n.复制品，复印件；(书、报纸或CD的)一本，一册，一份
1.The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down.Judy Foreman spotted the same phrase on a warehouse wall far away from home.When it stayed on her mind for days,she gave up and drove all the way back to copy it down. （2014.广东卷阅读B篇）
这个短语给她留下了深刻的印象，以至于她把它抄了下来。Judy Foreman 在离家很远的仓库墙上发现了同样的短语。当它在她的脑海中停留了好几天后，她放弃了并开车回到那里将其抄写下来。
2 At one time, computers were expected largely to remove the need for paper copies of documents(文件) because they could be stored electronically. （2003.全国卷阅读E篇）
曾经有一段时间，人们预期计算机主要能减少对文档的纸质复印需求，因为它们可以电子存储。
3.The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper” — a term referring to papers made widely available to the public.It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street. （2019.全国III卷阅读C篇）
当时的趋势是朝向“便士报纸”发展——这个词指的是广泛供公众使用的报纸。它意味着任何便宜的报纸；或许更重要的是，这意味着可以在街上单独购买的报纸。
4.On a family car trip, her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter, as a surprise for her 　niece. (2016.四川高考完形填空）
在一次家庭驾车旅行中，她的姑姑Dede拿出了一本《哈利·波特》，作为给她侄女的一个惊喜。
count
[熟义] vt.数数；计算
[生义] v.依靠；依赖（on); 认为；看作；有价值，要紧
1.But how should you have this conversation with the professor? Here are five insider tips about how to make that office hour really count: （2015.浙江卷）
但你应该如何与教授进行这次对话呢？以下是五个内幕提示，告诉你如何让这个办公时间真正有价值：
2.Your attitude and effort count a lot. （2020.江苏卷）
你的态度和努力非常重要。
3.That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency． （2021.重庆卷）
那是爸爸第一次在紧急情况下依赖我。
4.Unfortunately,though,they don’t usually hold office hours at midnight,so you’ll be out of luck when you discover the night before the midterm that you have no idea how to do the questions that will count for two-thirds of your grade. (2013.浙江卷）
不幸的是，他们通常不会在午夜设立办公时间，所以当你在期中考试前一夜发现自己不知道如何回答将占你三分之二成绩的问题时，你就会非常倒霉。
4.I count him among my closest friends.
我把他看作我最亲密的朋友之一。
cover
[熟义]vt.覆盖 n.封面；被子
[生义]vt.占地面积；走完（一段路程）；报道；够付（费用）
1.Covering an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. （2022.新高考I卷）
覆盖面积大约是黄石国家公园的三倍，GPNP将成为该国第一个国家公园之一。
2.In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story.
在一个每年近8亿人口饥饿的世界里，“食物浪费违背了道德底线”，正如伊丽莎白·罗伊特在本月的封面故事中所写的那样。 （2022.新高考I卷）
3.Outside,when I told Sally what happened,she covered her mouth,laughing.She couldn’t believe how long they let us look around without saying anything. （2018.天津卷）
当我在外面告诉Sally发生了什么时，她捂住嘴笑了。她无法相信他们竟然让我们在那里看了那么久而不说任何话。
4.One tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $1.25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door. （2005.全国I卷）
一个只有9英寸的小植物，春天时以1.25美元的价格购买，现在已经占据了我玫瑰花坛的大部分，覆盖了很多其他植物，并且正快速延伸向前门。
5.The government will cover production costs. (2012.江苏卷）
政府将承担生产成本。
6.Cover me while I move forward.
掩护我前进。
7.The BBC will cover all the major games of the tournament.
英国广播公司将报道这次锦标赛的所有重要赛事。
8.Brighten up your room with some colourful cushion covers.
用一些色彩鲜艳的靠垫套使你的房间更添亮丽。
cover up
Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work,or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to “keep up with the Joneses.” (2014.江苏卷）
成熟的成年人有时可能会感到压力，试图掩盖他们工作的公司的非法活动，或者因为无法抑制购买他们负担不起的房子或汽车的欲望，以努力“追赶琼斯家族”，最后负债累累。
 
drive
[熟义]vt.开车
[生义]vt.吹，卷；驱赶；迫使 n.车程；干劲；活动；强烈愿望
1.Vacancies(空位) now and in the school holidays at a country hotel in Devon.This comfortable, friendly home-from-home lies near the beautiful quiet countryside, but just a drive away from the sea. The food is simple but good.Children and pets are welcome.Reduced prices for low season. （2018.全国I卷）
现在以及在假期中，位于德文郡的一家乡村酒店有空位。这个舒适、友好的家一般的住所位于美丽的宁静乡村附近，但只需驾车就能到达海边。食物简单但美味。欢迎儿童和宠物入住。淡季价格优惠。
2.Perhaps evolution(进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds,and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children.The same cognitive(认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. (2016.浙江卷）
也许进化赋予了人类婴儿好奇心和自然驱使他们解释自己世界的冲动，成年科学家们只是利用了同样在他们儿童时期服务过他们的驱动力。使年幼的孩子在理解某件事情时感觉良好的同样的认知系统，可能已经被成年科学家采用。
3.He'll do very well—he has tremendous drive.
他会干得很出色的，他干劲十足。
4.However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest.Then, after two and a half years,the mother drove the young panda away. （2016.四川卷）
然而，小熊猫一直陪伴在母熊猫身边，学习森林的生活方式。然后，在两年半之后，母熊猫将小熊猫赶走。
5.If we admit it is a door, they’ll want to go outside constantly .It will drive us crazy.The kids apparently know the truth .But our insisting it’s merely a window has kept them from attempting millions of requests to open the door. （2020.全国卷I)
如果我们承认那是一扇门，他们会想要不断地出去。这将会把我们逼疯。孩子们显然知道真相。但是我们坚称那只是一扇窗户，已经阻止了他们尝试数百万次去开门的请求。
6.Small does not mean weak,sir,”she defended herself.“I was born in the country of Wisconsin.I’ve driven teams of horses and carried water.Making a full-length clay(粘土) figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend to do!” (2020.全国乙卷）
“小并不意味着弱，先生，”她为自己辩护。“我出生在威斯康星州的乡下。我曾驾驭过马队，搬运过水。制作一个全身的粘土雕像不会耗尽我的力量——这就是我打算做的！”
employ
[熟义]vt.雇用
[生义]vt.使用，利用
1.According to the Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition,arts agencies employ more than 10,000 people as full-or part-time employees or independent contractors. （2018.江苏卷）
根据达拉斯地区文化倡导联盟的数据，艺术机构雇佣了超过10,000人，作为全职或兼职员工或独立承包商。
2.Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths. (2013.全国甲卷）
卡森证明，一个简单的抒情形式，经过世代传承，至今仍可以用来引起人们对重要真理的关注。
3.In the Middle Ages, merchants ants employed “town criers” to read public messages aloud to promote their goods. （2011.全国II卷）
在中世纪，商人雇佣“城市传令官”大声朗读公开信息来推广他们的商品。
equal
[熟义] adj.平等的，相等的 v.等于
[生义] adj.胜任的 vt.比得上
1.The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. （2023.全国新课标I卷）
该研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为可以进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。
2.So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success,without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happier. （2013.天津卷）
所以我们追逐它并把它等同于财富和成功，却没有注意到拥有那些东西的人并不一定更快乐。
3.Mumbet’s tombstone still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried.It reads,in part:“She was born a slave and remained a slave for nearly thirty years.She could neither read nor write,yet in her own sphere she had no superior or equal.” （2014.山东卷）
穆姆贝特的墓碑依然矗立在她被埋葬的马萨诸塞州的墓地上。碑文部分内容如下：“她出生时是一个奴隶，而且近三十年都是奴隶。她既不会读也不会写，然而在她自己的领域里，她无人能及。”
4.But not all senses of humor are created equal.So I thought it would be useful to include some humor tips for everyday life. （2020.江苏卷）
但并非所有的幽默感都是平等的。所以我认为，提供一些日常生活中的幽默小贴士会很有帮助。
5 It was calculated that when it population reached its highest point ,they were more than 3billlion passenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. （2014.全国新课标I卷）
据计算，当旅鸽的数量达到最高点时，它们的数量超过了30亿——这个数字相当于美国总鸟类数量的24%到40%，这可能使旅鸽成为世界上数量最多的鸟类。
6.None of us can equal her.
没人能比得上她。
exercise
[熟义]vt.练习 n.锻炼【U】；练习【C】
[生义]vt.行使、运用（能力、权力）；发挥
1.It helps to exercise a person’s mind. （2021.全国新高考I卷）
它有助于锻炼人的思维。
2.The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic（无氧）exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week.The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.
（2022.全国新高考II卷）
第一组参与了每周三次的无氧运动项目——平衡训练和力量训练。第二组在教练的指导下每周进行四次或更多次的高强度有氧运动。两年后，第二组在心脏健康方面取得了显著的改善。
3.He didn't exercise good judgment.
他没能做出正确的判断。
favo(u)r
[熟义][U] 赞同；支持；[C]帮助；好事；恩惠
[生义][U] 偏爱;偏袒 v.较喜欢，选择；优惠；特别照顾；偏袒；有利/助于
1.Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter,especially for a seventeen-year-old girl. （2020.全国甲卷）
请求美国总统的帮助并非是件轻松的事情，特别是对于一个十七岁的女孩。
2.We’d stand a little longer under the warm water of the shower,stopping thinking about tasks in favor of a few more minutes of relaxation. （2020.湖北卷）
我们会在淋浴的温水下站立更长的时间，停止考虑任务，以换取多几分钟的放松时间。
3.Hey,can I ask you a favor? （2013.浙江卷）
嘿，我可以请你帮个忙吗？
4.I am writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favor. （2007.全国I卷）
我写信是想问您能否帮我个忙。
5.More and more students favor laptops for note-taking. （2014.辽宁卷）
越来越多的学生喜欢用笔记本电脑做笔记。
6.I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier.I pulled over and picked him up. （2013.陕西卷）
我认为这是一个机会，让我回报几十年前某人给予我的帮助。我停下车并接他上车。
7.My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape.As a result , at the point in our game when I'd have predicted（预计）the score to be 9 to 1 in my favor, it was instead 7 to 9-and Ed was leading. (2003.全国卷）
我的堂兄一定付出了努力来使自己变得更健壮。因此，在我们比赛的那个时刻，当我预测比分会是我9他1，对我有利时，实际上是7比9——而且Ed领先。
8.Pearson faced a battle over the future of the Sparrow brand.The chain’s owner now favored rebranding Sparrow as Marcy’s restaurants.Pearson resisted,arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun.Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unusual for that time.
（2013.山东卷）
皮尔逊面临着关于Sparrow品牌未来的斗争。这个连锁店的所有者现在更倾向于将Sparrow重新品牌为Marcy's餐厅。皮尔逊反对，主张进行一场广告活动，旨在说服顾客到Sparrow餐厅是有趣的。在那个时候，尝试在公司和公众之间建立积极关系是不寻常的。
figure
[熟义] n.数字；人像；画像；图；图表
[生义]n.人物 v.领会，懂得；推测，判断，估计
1.Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln. （2013.江苏卷）
吐温是一个堪比亚伯拉罕·林肯的令人敬仰的人物。
2.The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do,as well as the hours they are working,to determine the figure.This would make their yearly income ￡30,000 more than the Prime Minister earns. （2015.四川卷）
该研究考察了母亲们从事的各种工作以及她们的工作时间，以确定这个数字。这将使她们的年收入比首相多出30,000英镑。
3.Vinnie’s face turned red.She realized she looked like a child,with her tiny figure. (2020.天津卷）
文妮的脸变红了。她意识到自己看起来像个孩子，她的身材娇小。
4This photo,with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it,now hangs on a wall in my bedroom.What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? (2017.天津卷）
这张照片，展示了我眼前独特的美景和那个“破坏”这美景的女人，现在挂在我的卧室墙上。如果她知道她的身影被捕捉并冻结在某个陌生人的卧室墙上，她会怎么想呢？
5.We appreciate your apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure out a good way of settling the matter. (2014.辽宁卷）
我们对您的道歉和善意表示感谢，但我们希望您能找到一个好的方法来解决这个问题。
6.Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did.He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. (2013.全国新课标I卷）
哪种鱼可以吃掉致癌化学物质呢？他想，如果选择正确的动物和植物组合，也许他可以像自然界那样清理废物。他决定建造他后来称之为生态机的设备。

gift
[熟义]n.礼物
[生义]n.天赋 vt.白送
1.Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century his musical gift was fully recognized.
(2015.重庆卷）
巴赫在1750年去世，但直到19世纪初，他的音乐天赋才得到了充分的认可。
2.Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. （2020.全国卷III)
人们通常会在礼品登记册上登记一些常见的物品，包括像刀具这样的厨房工具和窗帘等物品。
3.They gifted their opponents a goal.
他们白送给对方一分。
4.Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published. （2016.全国I卷）
弗兰克·赫利，一位自信且有才华的澳大利亚摄影师，他熟悉南极，被聘请来拍摄这些照片，其中大部分照片以前从未公开过。
hit
[熟义]vt.打
[生义]vt.袭击；使......受到严重影响；使......想起；达到（目标、水平等）;到达（某地）n.撞击；巨大成功；受欢迎的人（或事物）
1.One summer,I remember,a drought(旱灾)hit Ontario,turning it into a burning desert. (2013.天津）
我记得有一个夏天，安大略省遭受了干旱，变成了一个炽热的沙漠。
2.According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.（2020.全国I卷）
根据她的研究，跑步者每步落地时产生的力量可能高达他们体重的四倍，而竞走者由于双脚不离地，每步产生的力量仅约为他们体重的1.4倍。
3.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.（2014.全国新课标II卷）
它让你有机会发现新的想法和食谱，这些都能很好地适应你的食欲和时间安排。
4.When I saw the various supplies we had collected，it hit me that every kit we were to build that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child． (2021.北京卷）
当我看到我们收集到的各种物资时，我突然意识到那天我们要组装的每一个物资包最终都会送到伊拉克儿童的手中。
5.On October 29,2012,that ocean turned fierce.That night,Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast,and Rockaway was hit especially hard.Fortunately,Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridges closed. （2016.北京卷）
2012年10月29日，海洋变得狂暴。那天晚上，飓风桑迪袭击了东海岸，而Rockaway受到的打击尤为严重。幸运的是，Natalie的家人在城市的桥梁关闭之前短暂地逃到了布鲁克林。
6.But because success is a moving target—as soon as you hit your target,you raise it again—the happiness that results from success does not last long. （2012.江苏卷）
但由于成功是一个移动的目标——一旦你达到你的目标，你就会再次提升它——因此，来自成功的快乐并不会持续很久。
7.Surprisingly, Shay was given the bat．Everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible．The first pitch （投） came and Shay missed．The pitcher again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay．As the pitch came in , Shay swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher．
（2011. 江苏卷）
令人惊讶的是，棒球被交给了Shay。每个人都知道击中球几乎是不可能的。第一个投球来了，Shay没有击中。投手再次向前走了几步，轻轻地把球扔向Shay。当球投出来时，Shay挥棒击球，将一个缓慢的滚地球直接打回了投手。
8.The show was a (smash/big) hit.
这场演出非常成功。
9.The pony ride was/made a big hit at the party.
在派对上骑小马很受人欢迎。
10.The reason why the ponies here are naughty is that Haytor is a tourist-heavy area and tourists are constantly feeding the ponies foods,despite signs asking them not to.By feeding the ponies,tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car,and make them harder to gather during the area’s annual pony drift(迁移). (2015.湖北卷）
尽管有标志告诫他们不要这么做，但是，游客们仍然不断地给小马们喂食，导致这里的小马们调皮捣蛋。喂小马的行为增加了它们被汽车撞到的风险，并且在该地区一年一度的小马迁移期间，会使得它们更难以聚集起来。
hold
[熟义] vt.拿着，握着；举行，召开
[生义]vt.使身体保持某种姿势；抑制，控制；容纳；拥有，持有（金钱、土地、职位等）；认为；保持，继续
1.Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures.（2022.全国新高考II卷）
想象一下这个场景：我的孙子坐在我膝盖上，我把书举在前面，这样他就能看到书中的图片。
2.Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke.
（2021.全国新高考I卷）
工作人员为客人们举办了许多酒吧活动，比如免费烈酒试饮、酒吧跳转和卡拉OK。
3.The bear hit at the camera,cutting it off the tripod.I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side.My arm could not move,and I sensed that my bones were going to break.
（2014.北京卷）
熊猛击相机，将其从三脚架上打落。我抬起左臂保护我的脸；这只猛兽紧紧抓住三脚架，将其压向我的身侧。我的手臂不能动，我感觉我的骨头就要断了。
4.The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. (2016.四川卷）
母大熊猫用前爪抱着宝宝，就像人类一样。
5.They could hold their attention for long. （2019.全国III卷）
他们能长时间地保持注意力集中。
6.Some people believe that they can’t help putting on weight as they get older,while others hold that if they stop exercising,their muscles will turn into fat. （2014.重庆卷）
有些人认为随着年龄的增长，他们无法阻止体重的增加，而另一些人则认为如果他们停止锻炼，他们的肌肉会变成脂肪。
7.Mrs Thatcher held the post of prime minister longer than anyone else last century.
撒切尔夫人在上个世纪担任首相的时间比任何其他人都要长。
8.I’d thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday,but the pain was really unbearable.I started calling the dentists in the phone book,but no one could see me immediately. (2013.重庆卷）
我本以为可以忍受到我的牙医从假期回来，但是疼痛真的无法忍受。我开始打电话给电话簿上的牙医，但没有人能立即看我。
9.He smiled and said.” She doesn’t know me, but I know who she is.” I had to hold back tears as he left.
(2010.全国I卷）
他微笑着说：“她不认识我，但我知道她是谁。” 当他离开时，我不得不强忍住泪水。
10.During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large,warm,and soft object in its environment,particularly if that object also gives it milk. （2013.浙江卷）
在生命的最初几天，婴儿会接近并紧紧抓住环境中几乎任何大的、温暖的、软的物体，特别是如果那个物体还能给它奶。
11.The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants’ overall health status.（2020.浙江卷）
即使科学家们考虑了参与者的整体健康状况，这个结果仍然是成立的。
12.In 1870,when Dickens died,the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher,famous and beloved,who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters—from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim—were held up as moral touchstones.Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.
(2018.浙江卷）
1870年，当狄更斯去世时，世界以其首位职业作家和出版商的身份为他哀悼，他在小说的出版和读者群的扩大上引领了一次爆发，他的角色——从奥利弗·特维斯特到小提姆——被视为道德的试金石。如今，狄更斯的伟大地位无人质疑。
land
[熟义]n.陆地，土地 v.(使）登陆
[生义]vt.捕（鱼），抓住或钓上（鱼）；成功得到（工作）
1.China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. （2020.全国I卷）
中国已经成为第一个在月球背面着陆宇宙飞船的国家。
2.Congratulations!” Jimmy sat down and they shared a cup of well-deserved coffee as he landed himself a new job. （2013.山东卷）
"恭喜！”吉米坐下来，他们共享了一杯应得的咖啡，因为他找到了一份新工作。
3.It wasn’t until 1980 - 32 years into his career — that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! (2021.浙江卷）
直到1980年——他的职业生涯已经过去32年——他在《飞机大战》中获得了他似乎天生就应该扮演的角色。
4.A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. （2021.全国甲卷）
几分钟后，当我完成了那个特技，我的朋友们大声地敲打他们的滑板，大喊：“成功！成功！成功！”这就是重要的——完成特技，成为一个优秀的滑板手。
last
[熟义]adj.最后的 vt.持续，延续；使得以维持
[生义]adj.最不可能的；最不适当的
1Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays.Last admission is at 5:00 pm, one hour before closing. （2014.北京卷）
墨尔本海洋生物水族馆每年的每一天，包括公众假期，都从上午9:30开放至下午6:00。最后的入场时间是在下午5:00，即在关闭前的一小时。
2.So eat something in the morning, anything.I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether, and have just coffee or orange juice.I say, try heating up last night’s leftovers – it may sound crazy, but if it works for you, do it! I find if I tell myself, “You can always eat it tomorrow. (2009.全国II卷）
所以早上要吃点东西，无论是什么。我知道很多朋友最后完全不吃早餐，只是喝咖啡或橙汁。我建议，试试加热昨晚的剩菜 - 这听起来可能有点疯狂，但如果对你有用，就去做吧！我发现，如果我告诉自己，“你总是可以明天吃。”
3.Elli and I feared the fence wouldn’t last through 30 more minutes of the bear’s punishment.The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray. (2020.浙江卷）
埃利和我都担心围栏无法经受住熊接下来30分钟的猛攻。营地经理建议我使用辣椒喷雾。
4.Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.
（2020. 全国新高考II卷）
在过去的七年里，大多数州已经禁止驾驶员在驾驶时发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种方法来说服人们在驾驶时放下手机。
5.The last thing she needed was more work. 她最不需要的就是更多的工作。
6.After a long while,he at last found his voice:“Hey!Whose Christmas miracle is this?” （2013.湖北卷）
过了很长一段时间，他终于找回了声音：“嘿！这是谁的圣诞奇迹？”
lead
[熟义]vt.领导 n.铅
[生义]vt.通向（to); 导致（to）; (在比赛中）领先；过（生活） n.榜样，带头作用
1.I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. (2014.广东卷)
我被要求领导一个由当地人组成的小团队，建造一所新的学校。
2.If it’s a false alarm and there is no fire,your teacher will lead you back to the classroom. (2014.四川卷）
如果是错误的警报，没有火灾，你的老师会带领你们返回教室。
3.Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life. (2012.浙江卷）
只有接受这个现实的人才能过上真正充实的生活。
4 But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better. （2012.全国课标卷）
但是其他方法，比如和你信任的人交谈，可以帮助你解决问题，或者至少会让你感觉好一些。
5.In ancient Egypt,a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment.Modern businesses have been following his lead,with more tactics(策略).
(2015.重庆卷）
在古埃及，一位店主发现他仅仅通过改变店铺的环境就能吸引客户。现代商业一直在效仿他的做法，并使用了更
多策略。
6.Lead poisoning has proved more difficult to deal with.When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead,they absorb large quantities of lead.This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds,and can lead to kidney(肾) failure and death. （2016.北京卷）
铅中毒已经证明更难处理。当秃鹫吃含铅的其他动物的尸体时，它们会吸收大量的铅。这影响了它们的神经系统和生育幼鸟的能力，并可能导致肾功能衰竭和死亡。
7.Many factors contributed to the decline,said Patrick McIntyre,an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. （2019.浙江卷）
许多因素导致了这种衰退，研究的主要作者、生态学家帕特里克·麦金泰尔说。
8.A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name,and far more.Armed with this knowledge,they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. （2019.北京卷）
十年来，个人信息的数据侵入导致了骗子可以轻易获取到你母亲的姓名，甚至更多信息。有了这些知识，他们就能实施针对个人的欺诈活动。
9.These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes are not only better for immediate learning and understanding,but that they also lead to superior revision in the future. （2014.辽宁卷）
这两项实验表明，手写笔记不仅对即时学习和理解有更大的帮助，而且还能在未来的复习中表现出优越性。
10.For example,a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime.Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults,which in turn can lead to violence.The problem isn’t in the sandwich,but in the way students deal with the conflict. （2012.浙江卷）
例如，一个学生每天午餐都吃花生酱三明治，这个事实可能会引发争斗。对三明治的嘲笑可能会导致侮辱，进而可能引发暴力。问题并不在三明治上，而在于学生们处理冲突的方式。
leave
[熟义]vt.离开；留下；忘了带，丢下
[生义]vt.使......处于某种状态；听任 n.假期（不可数）
1.If you leave your arms out,they float free in zero gravity,often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny ballet(芭蕾) dancer. (2015.湖北卷）
如果你让手臂伸出来，在零重力环境下它们会自由地漂浮着，这经常会让正在睡觉的宇航员看起来像个滑稽的芭蕾舞者。
2.But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways. （2011.北京卷）
但同样有可能这些资金会被浪费掉，留下新的问题，就像铁路和公路一样。
3.Repeated use of um,ah,like,you know and some other useless noises can drive an audience crazy.It makes the speaker sound uncertain and unprepared, and it can leave listeners so annoyed that they can’t pay attention.
(2012.陕西卷）
频繁使用“嗯”、“啊”、“像”、“你知道”和其他无意义的噪音可能会让听众发疯。这会让演讲者听起来不确定和没有准备好，而且会让听众感到非常烦恼，无法集中注意力。
4.Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us.（2012.全国课标卷）
由于接下来轮到我们了，我们不知道会为我们准备什么场景而感到疑惑。
5.I decide to make the trip next October on my annual leave. （2014.陕西卷）
我决定在明年十月利用我的年假去旅行。
leave for
It’s high time we left for the airport． (2011.天津卷）
我们该马上动身去机场了。
major
[熟义]adj.大的；主要的
[生义] n.大学主修科目 vt.主修，专攻
1.We're now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers，which are sensitive to local and global environmental changes． （2021.北京卷）
我们现在正在阿尔斯加博物馆建造一座时钟，它反映了几条阿拉斯加主要河流的总流量，这些河流对当地和全球环境变化非常敏感。
2.Hilversum is a medium-sized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland,the Netherlands.Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand. （2015.湖北卷）
Hilversum是荷兰北荷兰省Gooi地区阿姆斯特丹和乌得勒支两个主要城市之间的一个中等规模的城市。与荷兰大部分地区不同，Hilversum实际上位于一个多山的地区，土壤主要由沙子组成。
3.There are many social science majors in large companies who fill important positions.For example , a number of research studies found that social science majors had achieved greater managerial success than those who had technical training or pre-professional courses. （2014.全国I卷）
许多大公司中有很多社会科学专业的人担任重要职位。例如，一些研究发现，社会科学专业的人在管理方面比那些有技术培训或预职业课程的人取得了更大的成功。
monitor
[熟义]n.班长
[生义]n.监听器，监控器；检测 vt.监控；检查
1.Her monitor has shown that air pollution levels are higher closer to ground level, which has helped highlight concerns that babies and young kids may be at higher risk of developing lung problems. （2020.北京卷）
她的监测显示，空气污染水平越靠近地面越高，这凸显了婴儿和幼儿可能更容易患上肺部问题的担忧。
2.They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early,or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users. （2018.江苏卷）
他们应该更好地监控他们的网站，以防止儿童过早注册，或者他们应该根据年龄较小的用户的需求调整他们的网站。
3.While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor (监控器) a few hundred miles away was watching her every move. （2013.广东卷）
当詹妮弗在家参加她的商法课程在线考试时，数百英里之外的监控器正在监视她的每一个动作。
number
[熟义]n.数,数字;数量，数目; (排名)第…号;电话号码
[生义]v.把…编号,给…标号;总计,计有
1.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (2022.新高考I卷七选五）
她的通知包括她想进行哪种训练、每周多少天、每次训练希望花费多少时间，以及她的年龄。通知还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。
2.However, watercolors remained my first choice, and I think I did my best work there, showing my paintings at a number of art exhibitions. (2006.全国I卷阅读D篇）
然而，水彩画仍然是我的首选，我认为我在那里做出了最好的作品，并在许多艺术展览上展出了我的画作。
3.There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges.It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people thinking about cooking.
在英国的大学和学院中，申请食品课程的学生数量有所增加。看起来电视节目已经帮助改变了人们对烹饪的看法。 （2003.全国乙卷阅读C篇）
4.People today know that there are no underground cities on the moon.However, the question that the "moon people" asked is still an interesting one.A growing number of scientists are seriously thinking about it. （2002.全国卷阅读A篇）
如今的人们都知道月球上没有地下城市。然而，“月亮上的人们”提出的问题仍然很有趣。越来越多的科学家正在认真思考这个问题。
5.In 1990, immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italy’s then 56.7 million people,or about 2 percent.At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million,or 7.5 percent,with immigrants’ children accounting for an ever larger percentage of births in Italy. (2017.浙江卷阅读C篇）
在1990年，意大利的移民数量约为114万，占当时5670万人口的大约2%。到今年初，居住在意大利的外国人数量达到456万，占6060万总人口的7.5%，而移民的子女所占的出生人数比例在意大利越来越大。
owe
[熟义]vt.欠；欠债
[生义]vt.感恩，感激；（常用to连用）归功于
1 I owe you for your help. 我感谢你的帮助。
2She still owes her father £3 000. 她还欠她父亲 3 000 英镑。
3I knew that I owed the surgeon my life. 我明白外科医生救了我的命。
owing to
The game was cancelled owing to torrential rain. 比赛因大雨取消了。
passage
[熟义]段落，章节
[生义]n.通过，通行；（狭窄的）通道，走廊；（时间的）流逝；船程
1 From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇) across the continent.The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back. （2016.全国II卷）
从那时起，沙克尔顿打算通过雪橇越过南极洲。这次旅行的目的是要超越罗伯特·法尔康·斯科特船长所做的事情。斯科特船长在1912年初到达了南极点，但在返回途中与他的四名同伴一起死去。
2In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory ( 迁徙) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.
（2021.新高考I卷）
1934年，随着《候鸟猎捕印花税法》（法案）的通过，一个日益关注的国家采取了坚定的行动，以阻止迁徙水禽及其生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。
3If we tend to ignore the significance of elevators,it might be because riding in them tends to be such a brief, boring,and even awkward experience—one that can involve unexpectedly meeting people with whom we have nothing in common,and an unpleasant awareness of the fact that we’re hanging from a cable in a long passage.
（2014.湖北卷）
如果我们倾向于忽视电梯的重要性，可能是因为乘坐电梯往往是一个短暂、无聊甚至尴尬的经历，可能会意外地遇见与我们毫无共同点的人，并且会让我们不愉快地意识到我们是悬挂在一根长长的缆绳上的。
4Her confidence grew with the passage of time.
她的信心与日俱增。
5Her grandfather had worked his passage to America. 她的祖父一路在船上打工支付船费来到美国。
perform
[熟义]表演
[生义]vt.做；执行；履行；行使（某种功能）表现
1.By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. （2022.全国乙卷）
通过使用最新技术,无人机也可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务,在铁轨或开关发生故障前检测到故障。为了执行这些任务,铁路无人机不需要飞越铁轨上空。
2.They could perform basic addition. （2019.全国III卷）
它们能够做基本的加法运算。
3.In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter.In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.
（2023.全国新课标I卷）
第一部分的最后一章中,我将指导你进行自己的数字清理。在此过程中,我将参考我在2018年进行的一个实验,在该实验中,超过1600人同意进行数字清理。
4.“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement. （2020.全国II卷）
“与没有玩拼图的孩子相比,玩拼图的孩子在评估他们旋转和转换形状的能力的任务中表现更好,”莱文在一份声明中说道。
5.Born to a Jewish family in Florence she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. （2023.全国乙卷）
她出生在一个佛罗伦萨的犹太家庭,后来搬到了巴黎,在那里她作为一名医生工作,并实施外科手术。
picture
[熟义]n.画，图画；照片
[生义]vt.想象；（生动地）描述、描述
1 Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations，It’s hard to imagine driving without Garrett A．Morgan’s traffic light．It’s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J．Blodgett’s innovation that makes glass invisible.Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses? (2021.江苏卷）
今天,我们得益于无数的发明和创新。很难想象没有Garrett A.Morgan的红绿灯驾驶会是什么样子。同样也难以想象没有Katherine J.Blodgett的使玻璃变得透明的发明,这个世界会是什么样子。你能想象没有清晰的窗户和眼镜生活会是什么样吗?
2Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures.As I read, he reaches out and pokes（戳）the page with his finger. （2022.全国新高考II卷）
想象一下这个场景:我的孙子坐在我腿上,我前面拿着一本书,这样他可以看到图片。当我读书时,他会伸出手指戳着书页。
practically
[熟义] adv.实际上；实践上
[生义] adv.简直；几乎
1.In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket.Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime. (2021.全国乙卷）
实际上，很多年轻的孩子们口袋里都有一部。几乎每个人都可以随时随地接打电话。
2 Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals.Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed,the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries, in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment. (2013.陕西卷）
电子废物也含有许多有毒的金属。即使这些设备被回收并移除了有害的金属，回收过程通常在贫困国家进行，几乎是在无监控的方式下进行的，这使得许多有毒物质进入环境。
raise
[熟义]vt.提高；提升
[生义]vt.(钱等的）筹募；筹集；提出；饲养，种植，养育；引起
1 Science can't explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure（血压）and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer. （2010.全国I卷）
科学无法解释宠物的力量，但许多研究已经显示，宠物的陪伴可以帮助降低血压，增加从心脏病发中恢复的机会，减少孤独感，并传播全方位的好心情。
2.Modern parents raise children in a more scientific way. （2015.陕西卷）
现代父母以更科学的方式养育孩子。
3.Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.
（2019.全国I卷）
韦利得到了进行这个二年级总统竞选项目的想法，那是在他有一天问孩子们，如果他们认为自己永远无法成为总统，就举手的时候。
4.But they certainly provide good opportunity for widening higher education,are a means of raising awareness of universities to audiences of tens or hundreds of thousands,and are well worthy of serious consideration. （2013.湖南卷）
但它们确实为扩大高等教育提供了良好的机会，是一种让成千上万的观众了解大学的方式，并且非常值得认真考虑。
5.My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 in support of a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. (2017.天津卷）
我的目标是一年之内减掉150磅体重,并筹集5万美元来支持一项创建于30年前的运动,这项运动的宗旨是消除饥饿。
6.My progress in reading raised my curiosity,and I wanted to know everything.I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly,so that I could read all of the road signs we passed. （2019.天津卷）
我的阅读进步激发了我的好奇心，我想知道所有的事情。我经常发现自己告诉妈妈开车慢一些，这样我就可以读完我们经过的所有路标。
reach
[熟义]vt.到达
[生义]vt.伸出（手）；联系；达成（结论、协议）；（大或长等）足够达到 n.（手/能力可及的）距离、范围
1.As I couldn’t reach anyone at the phone number on the cat’s tag(标牌), I had to pay the bill.(2015.重庆）
由于我无法通过猫标签上的电话号码联系到任何人，我不得不支付账单。
2.First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw(缩回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. (2015.全国I卷）
首先，我必须在叶子中找到红色的那些，这意味着我几乎得倒立起来。一旦找到，我必须弯腰伸手，摘下番茄，然后收回满握的拳头，不能让这么来之不易的果实掉下来。
3.We all want it to accept and love ourselves.But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. (2020.全国I卷）
我们都希望能接纳并爱自己。但有时，这似乎太困难，太遥不可及了。
4.They failed to reach a settlement,because they disagreed too much with each other.
(2014.陕西卷）
他们因为彼此意见分歧太大，未能达成和解。
5.Maybe I gave David something.But I also learned that one — without any words — can reach out to another person. （2013.广东卷）
也许我给了大卫一些东西。但我也学到了，即使不说任何话，也能向他人伸出援手。
read
[熟义] vt.读，朗读，阅读
[生义]vt.看懂，理解；显示，上面写着
1.In Simon’s case,the grades were awfully low.He couldn’t read his own handwriting.（2014.浙江卷）
在Simon的案例中，他的成绩非常低。他甚至无法阅读自己的笔迹。
2.Over the weekend,he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house.One card from a student stood out to him.It read:“Mr.Haze,you are my sunshine. （2019.天津卷）
在周末，他在家里处理了一堆手工卡片。一张来自学生的卡片引起了他的注意。上面写着：“哈泽先生，你是我的阳光。”
3.“If we’re successful,” their mission statement reads, “we believe this will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.” （2020.北京卷）
“如果我们成功了,” 他们的使命宣言如此阐述，“我们相信这将成为有史以来最重要且影响最广泛的科学进步之一。”
regard 熟义 vt.把......看作
[生义]vt.认为，看作；注视 n.尊敬,敬佩; 关注，关心 [pl.] 致意，问候
1.Their response to the questions reflected their true belief that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply insist on mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. (2022.全国乙卷）
他们对问题的回应反映出他们真实的信念：“只有你能看见我，我才能看见你。”他们只是坚持相互的认可和尊重。
2.During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females.
（2011.上海卷）
在我童年和青少年时期，姑姑默特尔鼓励我发展我所有的潜力，而不顾对黑人女性来说被认为是实际或可能的事情。
3.My husband sends his regards. 我丈夫向你问好。
4.That was four years ago.Today all three generations regard the move to a success,giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities. （2016.全国新课标I卷）
那是四年前的事了。如今，所有三代人都认为这次搬迁是成功的，使他们的关系比在不同的城市里会更加亲近。
respect
[熟义]vt.&n.尊敬；尊重
[生义]n.敬意，问候；方面
1.Each writing in her own unmistakable voice,Perri and Sheila take turns exploring the joys and pains,the love and bitterness,the minor troubles and lasting respect that have always bonded them together. （2013.湖北卷）
佩里和希拉用各自无可错认的声音轮流探索那些快乐和痛苦，爱与痛苦，小麻烦和持久的尊重，这些都是他们始终紧密相连的原因。
2.According to Para.2, in what respect（s） do UneeQ’s "digital humans" resemble human beings? （2021.天津卷）
根据第二段，优尼克的“数字人类”在哪些方面与人类相似？
3.In some respects, today’s powerful computing machines already make our brains look weak.A GI could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems. （2020.北京卷）
在某些方面，今天的强大计算机已经使我们的大脑看起来弱小。其倡导者表示，一台通用智能（GI）可以全天候为我们工作，并利用所有可用数据，可以提出解决许多问题的方案。
save
[熟义]vt.挽救；节省
[生义]vt.免除，避免；保存，保留；收集
1 Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled（弄皱）paper.Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway. （2022.全国新高考II卷）
然而，通过学会接受不完美，你将省去自己许多烦恼，也不会有一篮子弄皱的废纸。把你的初稿想象成从丛林中开辟出来的一条小径——这是一次探索的一部分，而不是一条完整的高速公路。
2.Be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them."Having all this information in one place could end up saving your mother's life," Dr.Marie Savard said.
（2013.全国新课标II卷）
一定要列出她所有的药物以及她服用它们的时间。"将所有这些信息放在一起可能最终会挽救你母亲的生命，" Marie Savard博士说。
3.Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets.First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions (排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy.（2011.广东A卷）
政府可以充分发挥这些新市场的潜力。首先，他们可以设定高标准的减少碳排放目标和节能回收能源的目标。
sense
[熟义]n.感觉官能(即视觉、嗅觉、听觉、触觉、味觉)
[生义] n.意义；感觉，意识；意识，观念 vt.感觉，察觉，意识到
1 The tiny shops made economic sense, according to Robert Kerr,a founder of LoveFone.He said that one of the boxes generated around $13,500 in revenue a month and cost only about $400 to rent.
根据LoveFone的创始人Robert Kerr的说法，这些小商店在经济上是有意义的。他说，其中一个盒子每月产生大约13,500美元的收入，而租金只需大约400美元。 (2020.江苏卷）
2.More than jokes, a sense of humour requires being willing and able to see the funny side of life’s situations as they happen. (2011.陕西卷）
幽默感不仅仅需要笑话，还需要愿意并能够在生活中看到事情发生时的有趣一面。
3.In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. （2023.全国新课标I卷）
在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。
4.In one sense, that’s a good thing．But it also has a disadvantage．If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see then, then certainly you aren’t using your time to make new friends where you now live． （2011.福建卷）
在某种意义上，这是一件好事。但它也有一个缺点。如果你继续投资于你的老朋友，尽管你再也看不到他们，那么你肯定没有用你的时间在你现在居住的地方结交新朋友。
5 There are several reasons for this phenomenon,but chief among them,I believe,was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to,often for the first time in years,and for some,perhaps for the first time ever. （2013.江西卷）
这个现象有几个原因，但我认为最主要的原因是患者感到他或她被真正倾听，对于一些人来说，这可能是多年来甚至是有史以来的第一次。
6.Common sense suggests it was a good thing for parents to get involved because “children with good academic success do have involved parents”,admitted Robinson.
（2015 .陕西卷）
常识告诉我们，父母的参与是一件好事，因为“学业成功的孩子的父母确实参与进来了”，罗宾逊承认。
7 My arm could not move,and I sensed that my bones were going to break. （2014.北京卷）
我的手臂不能动，我感觉到我的骨头要断了。
spring
[熟义]n.春天
[生义] n.泉水，喷泉；弹簧 vi.跳跃，跳起
1.The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. （2021.新高考I卷)
在爬山之后，你一定要试试山脚下的温泉。
2.He turned off the alarm and sprang out of bed.
他关上闹钟，从床上跳了下来。
3 There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England.More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. (2020.全国乙卷）
现在英格兰有超过40个聊天长凳。更多的新聊天长凳已经在英国及其他地方涌现出来。
stand
[熟义]vt.站立；坐落；忍受
[生义]vt.承受；请客；使直立 n.立场，主张；架，台，摊
1.With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers. （2018.江苏卷）
随着新的农业法案将在国会进行辩论，消费者必须与年轻农民站在一起。
2.If you're buying today's paper from the stand, could you get one for me?
（2012 辽宁卷）
如果你今天在报摊上买报纸，能帮我也买一份吗？
3.What best proves Twain’s anti-slavery stand according to the author?
（2013.江苏卷）
根据作者的说法，什么最能证明吐温反对奴隶制的立场？
4 Normally, greyhounds can be as tall as 90 cm.There is, however, a small-sized greyhound, which stands only 33 cm. （2006.全国I卷）
通常，灰狗可以高达90厘米。然而，有一种小型的灰狗，只有33厘米高。
5.One card from a student stood out to him.It read:“Mr.Haze, you are my sunshine.” （2019.天津卷）
一张来自学生的卡片引起了他的注意。上面写着：“哈泽先生，你是我的阳光。”
6.These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for things and ideas that we simply can’t think of. （2000.全国卷）
这些我刚刚编造的词，代表的是我们简单无法想象的事物和观念。
state
[熟义]vt.陈述 n.状态
[生义]vt.声明；规定 n.国家；州；政府
1.Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius.His face is almost the international symbol for genius. （2021.全国甲卷）
让我们明确地说：爱因斯坦是个天才。他的面孔几乎是天才的国际象征。
2.On September 11,1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence,“Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However,on September 12,1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction. （2017.北京卷）
1933年9月11日，著名物理学家欧内斯特·卢瑟福自信地声明：“任何期望通过这些原子的转变来获得能源的人都在说梦话。”然而，就在1933年9月12日，物理学家列奥·西拉德发明了中子诱导的核链反应。
3.For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites. （2021.全国乙卷）
对于世界上最大的体育场，我们到目前为止使用的是世界地图列表提供的数据，这些数据根据他们声明的永久容量对他们进行排名，以及官方体育场网站的最新信息。
4.You must arrive at the time stated.
你必须在规定时间到达。
5."We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W.Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers.
（2022.全国新高考II卷）
“我们需要一些能改变人们行为的法规，”费利克斯·W·奥尔蒂斯说，他推动了该州2001年禁止驾驶员使用手持设备的法令。
6.So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (2023.全国甲卷）
我们许多人都坚信，舒适是我们唯一可以容忍的状态，当我们经历超出舒适区的事情时，我们对环境感到不耐烦。
strike
[熟义]打，击打，打击；打动 n.罢工
[生义]vt.使......突然想到；（疾病、地震、洪水等）侵袭，袭击；（钟）敲响，报（时）；擦，划（火柴） (2012.全国课标卷）
1.It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.
总统能做什么来结束罢工，这一点并不清楚。
2.According to the designer,the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed,so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians.Besides,it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike. （2013.山东卷）
据设计师称，Lampbrella将以相对较低的速度移动，以免对行人造成伤害。此外，它将被接地，以防可能的雷击。
3.His comment struck me as strange.After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout（布局）. (2021.全国乙卷）
他的评论让我觉得很奇怪。毕竟，联合办公空间通常也使用开放式办公布局。
4.Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.
（2016.全国III卷）
就在九月份之前，米勒被一辆汽车撞到，失去了他的右臂。
5.The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. （2021.全国新高考I卷）
法国人非常重视他们的35小时工作周——如此重视，以至于一些工会最近与一些公司达成了一项协议，限制独立承包商待命的小时数。
6.I am not special, just single-minded．It always struck me that when you’re looking at a big challenge from the outside it looks huge, but when you’re in the midst of it, it just seems normal． （2011.天津卷）
我并不特别，只是一心一意。我总是觉得，当你从外面看一个大挑战时，它看起来很巨大，但当你处在其中时，它就显得很正常。
succeed
[熟义]成功
[生义]继承；接替；继......之后
1.We,however,with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area,have turned happiness into one more thing we’ve got to have.We’re so self-conscious about our “right” to it that it's making us miserable. （2013.天津卷）
然而，我们有如此多的选择和在每个领域成功的压力，已经把幸福变成了我们必须拥有的又一件事。我们对我们对它的“权利”如此自觉，以至于它让我们痛苦不堪。
2 Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has.There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.We experience this tiredness in two ways:as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue. (2016.天津卷）
失败可能是一个人经历过的最累人的经验。没有什么比不成功更累人的了。我们以两种方式经历这种疲劳：创业疲劳和表现疲劳。
3 The present ruler, Prince Rainier III, succeeded to the throne on 9 May 1949.
现任元首，兰尼埃三世亲王于 1949 年 5 月 9 日继位。
term
[熟义]n.学期
[生义]n.期间，期限；专业名词，术语；【pl.】合同条款、细则 vt.把......称为，把......叫作
1.Moreover,the USA has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants.As a result it’s likely to see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term. （2017.江苏卷）
此外，美国有成功接纳移民的良好记录。因此，预计其工作年龄人口的规模将会增长，且在长期内可能会看到强劲的经济增长。
2.A final point to bear in mind is that the term “classical music” is used to refer to a great variety of music,from jazz to pieces for large orchestras(管弦乐队).
(2014.安徽卷）
需要记住的最后一点是，“古典音乐”这个词用来指代各种各样的音乐，从爵士乐到大型管弦乐队的作品。
3.Students with I.D.cards can attend the events for free.A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556­4183. (2016.全国III卷）
持学生证的学生可以免费参加活动。每学期的免费活动日程可以通过拨打票务办公室的电话556-4183获取。
4.At the moment an ORBIS team is working on a long-term plan to develop a training center and to provide eye care services to Shanxi Province. (2014.江西卷）
目前，ORBIS团队正在制定一个长期计划，以开发一个培训中心并向山西省提供眼科护理服务。
5.Instead，all that matters is next quarter's profit，or satisfying some other near﹣term desires. （2013.北京卷）
相反，唯一重要的是下个季度的利润，或满足其他一些近期的需求。
6.In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?
（2022.高考II卷）
在研究设计方面，这两个组在哪个方面不同？
7.Just collect the vouchers(活动券)in our B&B Daily printed from 01/04/2012 to 07/04/2012 and book the stays for your travel following the terms and conditions below: （2012.四川卷）
只需收集我们从2012年4月1日到2012年7月4日印制的B&B Daily中的代金券，并按照以下条款和条件预订您的旅行住宿：
8.He termed the war a humanitarian nightmare.
他称这场战争是一场人道主义噩梦。
treat
[熟义]vt.对待；看待
[生义]vt.治疗，处理；宴请，招待，款待 n.款待
1.Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. （2013.新课标II卷）
最重要的是，优质的公众演讲训练应该把你当作一个特别的人，有你自己的个人习惯。
2.The physician’s guide to diagnosing and treating learning disabilities in children.1 in 10 Canadians have a learning disability,and doctors must be able to identify,diagnose,treat,and manage children... （2016.浙江卷）
"医生指南：诊断和治疗儿童学习障碍。十分之一的加拿大人有学习障碍，医生必须能够识别、诊断、治疗和管理儿童..."
3.It was summer,and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. （2018.四川卷）
那是个夏天，我爸爸想带我去度一个前所未有的假期。
4.I got a pleasure,and she had yet another tasty treat. （2015.四川卷）
我得到了快乐，而她又有了另一种美味的享受。
5.Let's go out for lunch— my treat. 咱们到外面去吃午餐，我请客。

voice
[熟义]n.声音，嗓音
[生义]n.发言权 vt.表达，吐露
1.“I can’t imagine how many readers of all ages have benefited from Doris’ contribution as a skilled volunteer through her rich voice and her high degree of accuracy in the hundreds of books she has brailled and proofread over the years—and she is still doing so,”said a CNIB official. （2014.天津卷）
"我无法想象多少不同年龄的读者从多丽丝作为熟练志愿者的贡献中受益，通过她丰富的声音和在多年间她已经盲文化和校对的数百本书中的高度准确性——她还在继续做这些，"一位加拿大全国盲人协会(CNIB)的官员这样说道。
2.Everyone should have a voice in this matter. 每个人对这件事都应该有发言权。
3.CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up.It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. （2013.新课标II卷）
"CRM要求飞行员/外科医生鼓励其他人发表意见。它进一步要求，当意见来自对立方，医生不要过度反应，这可能会阻止其他医生再次发表意见。"
weather
[熟义]n.天气
[生义]vt.度过（暴风雨、困难等）；经受住
1.It's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day. （2021.全国甲卷）
"天气还是有点太冷，他们不能出去，但只要天气一暖和，我毫不怀疑那个小家伙会每天出去探索和玩耍。"
2.She refuses to resign, intending to weather the storm.
她拒绝辞职，想要经受住这次风暴的考验。
weigh
[熟义]vt.称.......重量；linking verb.重达......
[生义]v.考虑，斟酌，衡量；有分量；压下
1.Sadly,biological facts prevent us ever accomplishing such a thing without artificial aid—we simply weigh too much,and all our mass pushes down through our relatively small feet,resulting in a lot of pressure that makes us sink.
遗憾的是，生物学的事实阻止我们在没有人工帮助的情况下完成这样的事情——我们的体重太重，所有的质量都通过我们相对较小的脚压下，产生大量的压力，使我们下沉。
2.At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. (2017.天津卷）
在我最重的时候，我体重达到了370磅。
3.People are conveyed like robots along walkways; baggage is weighed, tickets produced, examined and produced yet again before the passengers move to another waiting area. （2012.江西卷）
人们像机器人一样沿着走道被传送；行李被称重，机票被制作，检查，然后再次制作，然后乘客移动到另一个等待区域。
4.Human life weighed more with him than purity of policy...
人类生命对他而言比政策的纯洁性更重要。
5.However,this must be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care. （2012.福建卷）
然而，这必须与我们对所有城市儿童的最大关怀义务的利益进行权衡。
6.You must weigh (up) the pros and cons. 你必须权衡利弊。
7.The responsibilities of the job are weighing her down.
这项工作的责任压得她喘不过气来。
work
[熟义]n[U].&vi.工作
[生义] n【C].作品 v.起作用，奏效; 努力干;用功；种，耕地
1.Where are Leonardo da Vinci’s works shown？ （2013.新课标I卷）
列奥纳多·达·芬奇的作品在哪里展出？
2.Try not to work yourself too hard.Take it easy. (2012.全国大纲卷）
尽量不要让自己工作太辛苦。放轻松点。
3.Farmers worked the fertile valleys.
农民们在肥沃的山谷里耕种。
4.Unexpectedly,the computer was not working,so I had to wait until someone from the IT department came to fix it. （2013.湖北卷）
出乎意料的是，电脑出了故障，所以我不得不等待IT部门的人来修理它。
5.Through unbelievable determination Andrew Wiles finally worked out the problem in 1995. （2013.全国卷）
通过难以置信的决心，Andrew Wiles终于在1995年解决了这个问题。
6.As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately.
当你努力以清晰、准确的语言表达你的想法时，你的清晰、准确思考的能力也会得到提高。