高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land习题

单元过关检测卷(四)

第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Getting sick overseas can be scary. You're in an unfamiliar place and often don't speak the language. Although each trip is different, there are universal things you can do to keep safe.

Be prepared.“Schedule a visit with a doctor who specializes in travel or the area you're visiting at least four weeks before your departure，” says WHO public health expert Dr Gilles Poumerol. A travel doctor will be able to give you the required and recommended vaccinations (接种疫苗) as well as discuss any medical issues you may come across abroad.

Get insurance.“In many countries where you have limited access to health care, good health care is only found in the private sector and can be very expensive，” Poumerol says. Plus, in an emergency, returning to the United States can cost more than $50,000. Ask your health insurance company whether your policy (保险单) applies overseas and whether it will cover trips to a foreign hospital. If not, there are many companies that offer short－term travel health insurance for a reasonable fee. A list can be found on the US State Department's travel website.

Pack well. Poumerol also suggests bringing a note from your doctor in English and the language of the country you're visiting. Packing an emergency contact list is important. Contacts should include the local embassy, relatives and your health insurance company who should be informed if you get sick.

Be care. You have to be in charge of your health. If you're being treated abroad, question the medical staff about their sterilization (杀菌) practices; injection (注射) equipment should be put in boiling water for at least 30 minutes or used only once. Also be sure that doctors and nurses are wearing gloves to prevent fluid transfer. Limiting your alcohol intake will keep you focused on your safety. If your common sense is perfect, the rest of your body should follow.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。愉快的旅游一定是以安全为前提的，境外游的游客往往面临很多安全隐患。

1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．You must receive some vaccinations after going abroad.

B．Alcohol intake will keep you focused on your safety.

C．You should employ a travel doctor who travels with you.

D．It's a terrible thing to get sick in a strange country.

答案：D　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Getting sick overseas can be scary.”可知在国外生病是件可怕的事，故D项正确。

2．According to the passage, you can visit the US State Department's travel website to find         .

A．companies which offer short－term travel health insurance

B．how to get back to America when you are ill

C．whether your policy applies overseas

D．good health care overseas

答案：A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“If not, there are many companies that offer short－term travel health insurance for a reasonable fee. A list can be found on the US State Department's travel website.”可知选A。

3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．You shouldn't eat too much when you stay abroad.

B．Health care provided abroad can be unreliable.

C．Injection equipment should be used only once.

D．You have to treat yourself when you are ill.

答案：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段第三、四句可知C项正确。

B

(·黄冈市高三质量检测)William Lindesay has been interested in the Great Wall of China since seeing it in a school atlas (地图册) as a child in England. “I vividly recall seeing in the ‘Oxford School Atlas’ the Great Wall with its battlement symbol. From that moment, I had in my mind that when I grew up I'd go to China and walk along the Great Wall from end to end.”

 Lindesay's about 3,000 km solo run along the Great Wall began in 1987. Running the length of the wall was a brave expedition, venturing into sparsely populated regions where there was little chance of help if the runner had an accident. During another trip, Lindesay and his team ventured deep into the Gobi Desert of Mongolia. The explorers almost died from dehydration (脱水). In total, Lindesay estimates in an interview that he has spent about 1,600 days of his life, or four full years, on the Great Wall in all seasons.

Lindesay and his wife, Wu Qi, whom he got to know and fell in love with during his trips in China, had a farmhouse at the foot of the wall. During his exploration, he noticed some sections of the wall were badly damaged and covered with litter. Modernization and development were making the situation even worse. “Some people say it will take generations to change; I say we don't have generations of time. It's got to be much quicker，” he said. Lindesay always carries a garbage bag with him in the wilderness, picking litter along the way. Lindesay uses a garbage bag as his calling card. The cloth bag bears a set of nine simple guidelines in Chinese, which calls on people to observe while traveling or camping outdoors: “Take your own garbage home” “Pick up litter left by others” “Don't damage plants or flowers, or pick fruit” and lots more.

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了一位外国友人Lindesay从小就爱上了长城，长大后游历长城，结识爱妻，并做长城的清道夫的故事。

4．What sparked William Lindesay's dream of exploring the Great Wall?

A．Seeing a movie about the Great Wall. 

B．Experiencing a war for the Great Wall.

C．Surfing a website about the Great Wall. 

D．Admiring the Great Wall in the school atlas.

答案：D　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“William Lindesay has been interested in the Great Wall of China since seeing it in a school atlas (地图册) as a child in England.”可知William Lindesay自从孩提时在学校的地图册上看到长城就爱上了长城。

5．What does the underlined word “sparsely” mean?

A．Remotely.  B．Rarely. 

C．Frequently.  D．Largely.

答案：B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“populated regions where there was little chance of help if the runner had an accident”可推知，人口稀少的地方提供帮助的机会也少，故选B。

6．What worsened the situation of the Great Wall?

A．The destroyed ecosystems. 

B．Waste caused by farms.

C．The increasing tourists. 

D．Modernization and development.

答案：D　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Modernization and development were making the situation even worse.”可知现代化和开发使长城的处境更加恶化。

7．What sort of man is William Lindesay?

A．Strong­willed and selfless. 

B．Determined and grateful.

C．Warmhearted and impolite. 

D．Considerate and optimistic.

答案：A　推理判断题。根据第二段他历次艰难探险长城可推断出他是意志力坚强的一个人；根据第三段他不图名利做长城的清道夫可推断出他是一个大爱无私的好人。故选A。

C

(·九江市庐山中学高二检测) Shakespeare once called the English countryside “the precious stone set in the silver sea”—and he is not the last to sing high praises of its beauty and historical charm.

The countryside is particularly beautiful during the summer, especially in August and September. As one travels the countryside, you'll find more of its treasures: so many plants and animals, romantic castles, secret gardens, and villages so unchanged in the last decades that they seem to have been caught under a fairy's spell.

Must－sees include Derbyshire, called “the heart of England” and home to the National Park. The great peaks were the muse (创作灵感) of the Bronte sisters (and if you love the book Jane Eyre, you can visit North Lees hall, where the real Eyre family once lived)．

History lovers will enjoy a visit to Lincoln city (its most famous son is Lord Alfred Tennyson). It is also known for its cathedral, the charming tea shops, a small castle. One would never guess its violent past—built by the Romans, it was once a center for arrow (箭) making.

Harry Potter fans shouldn't miss a visit to Alnwick, which is better recognized as the “Hogswarth” in the movies.

Let's not leave out the Wessex region, where one can see one of England's greatest mysteries, Stone Henge. You can also go to the City of Bath, which has been famous for its medicines springs since the Roman times. Other popular attractions include Salisbury Cathedral, the landscaped gardens of Stourhead, and the cobbled (用鹅卵石铺的) streets of Shaftesbury. This is also home to Oxford, one of the world's most famous universities.

Art lovers will also like a visit to East Anglia, whose landscapes inspired the painter Constable (he was born in Dedham village). This is also home of the University City of Cambridge, and the famous architectural attraction, King's College Chapel. Be sure to visit the aircraft museum of Duxford.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国乡村旅游的一些景点。

8．What was Shakespeare's attitude towards the English countryside?

A．Uninterested.   B．Dissatisfied.

C．Surprised.   D．Admiring.

答案：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Shakespeare once called the English countryside ‘the precious stone set in the silver sea’”可知，莎士比亚对英国乡下景色赞美有加，故选D。

9．According to the text, Lincoln city         .

A．produced arrows in the past

B．will be enjoyed by music lovers

C．was the place where the Eyre family once lived

D．has one of the world's most famous universities

答案：A　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“it was once a center for arrow (箭) making”可知选A。

10．When traveling the countryside, Harry Potter fans are advised to visit         .

A．the Wessex region   B．Derbyshire

C．Yorkshire   D．Alnwick

答案：D　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Harry Potter fans shouldn't miss a visit to Alnwick”可知选D。

11．The text is most probably taken from         .

A．a travel guide   B．a book review

C．a history paper   D．a newspaper report

答案：A　推理判断题。本文主要介绍了英国乡村旅游的一些景点，故最有可能选自旅游指南，故选A。

D

Where should an adventurous tourist go? After you've done sightseeing in London, shopping in New York, tasted the local food in Paris, and danced to your heart's content at the Brazilian Carnival, where else can you go? What exotic tourist destination awaits you?

Well, Antarctica sounds like the holiday of a lifetime! It's considered the last great wilderness on Earth. Just a few scientists in research stations share the icy landscape with penguins and other animals which can cope with the low temperatures.

Tourism began in Antarctica in the 1950s and it's still a small scale. About 37,000 tourists are expected there this season, but many won't even leave the boat.

The BBC's Juliet Rix visited the frozen continent and asked herself if she should be there at all, causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment. Her tour guide admitted that all visitors leave footprints and they all go to the same place, the accessible coastline, which is also where the penguins and seals go to breed.

But some people believe that if carefully controlled, tourism can be good for Antarctica. It has no native population and it needs advocates. Visitors to the icy continent might be ready to support and even to fund its preservation. And they're likely to engage in the discussion about global warming, which has led to the melting of glaciers.

According to Rix, guidelines are followed when you're about to set foot in Antarctica and tourists have to disinfect (为……消毒) their boots to make sure no alien species are introduced.

And once on land, there's no eating or smoking. Rocks, bone fragments—nothing should be taken as a souvenir and nothing should be left behind. Tourists fortunate enough to visit Antarctica must be aware that this is not their home and keep their fingers crossed that future generations will also be able to enjoy such breathtaking views.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了去南极洲旅游的情况和对游客的要求。

12．According to the second paragraph, we can learn that         .

A．Antarctica has become the best place for people to travel

B．only scientists can be allowed to go to Antarctica

C．Antarctica is less affected by human activities

D．no animals can survive in Antarctica except penguins

答案：C　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“It's considered the last great wilderness on Earth.”可知，它被认为是地球上最后的未开发的地区。由此可推知，南极洲受人类活动的影响较小。

13．Juliet Rix's travel in Antarctica mentioned in the fourth paragraph indicates that         .

A．governments should take measures to stop tourists from going to Antarctica

B．whether tourists should go to Antarctica or not should be considered carefully

C．the animals' habitat in Antarctica has been seriously affected by tourism

D．only journalists begin to pay attention to the environmental protection in Antarctica

答案：B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“asked herself if she should be there at all, causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment”以及“Her tour guide admitted that all visitors leave footprints and they all go to the same place”可推知，人们是否应该去南极洲旅游应认真地考虑一下。

14．What can tourists do while staying in Antarctic? They can         .

A．eat and smoke in Antarctica

B．take something they like from Antarctica

C．throw away something they don't need in Antarctica

D．enjoy the beautiful scenery in Antarctica

答案：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“there's no eating or smoking. Rocks, bone fragments—nothing should be taken as a souvenir and nothing should be left behind”可知，A、B、C三项的说法均与原文不符；根据尾句中的“to enjoy such breathtaking views”可知，游客可以在南极洲欣赏到令人惊叹的景色。

15．Which of the following is the best title of this passage?

A．Why can't tourists go to Antarctica?

B．How can tourists go to Antarctica?

C．Should tourists go to Antarctica?

D．Are tourists allowed to go to Antarctica?

答案：C　标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章围绕着“应不应该去南极洲旅游？”这一话题展开，因此C项最适合作本文标题。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

(·苏州市第六中学高二检测)When I was a kid my parents sent me to a summer camp in New Hampshire.   16   At camp we did tons of great things like swimming, sports, and archery, but for me, the most memorable experience was an overnight trip of mountain climbing. If you've ever hiked a mountain, you know it's a physical challenge, especially when you're carrying your food and shelter on your back.   17 

“How much farther is it？”

“My pack is too heavy, can you carry it for me？”

The reply of the teachers was, “Suck it up.” The truth is, the complaining campers were nowhere near the point of exhaustion. If they had been, the teachers would have noticed the signs and given them care.   18   Once they realized they weren't getting any sympathy they overcame the discomfort, and in most cases ended up having a great time.

  19   You can complain, or you can make the best of it. If you complain, you might feel like you're getting the negative energy out, but you're probably not going to cause a positive change. It's much more likely that your complaining will arouse the dislike of those around you.No one likes a complainer. Complaining makes life harder for everyone.   20 

A．The summer camp was interesting but full of complaint.

B．The kids simply weren't used to the physical challenge.

C．It's no use complaining and it can't bring us what we want.

D．This was a great experience for me.

E．There are two ways to deal with an unpleasant situation.

F．When campers got tired, they certainly started complaining.

G．We should complain less and make more effort.

篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过一次夏令营的经历告诉我们：做事情要少抱怨，多努力。

16．D　由后文“At camp we did tons of great things ...”可知，“我”获得了一次很棒的经历。

17．F　由后文“The truth is, the complaining campers were nowhere ...”可知，此处指有的人累了，就开始抱怨。

18．B　由后文“Once they realized they weren't getting any sympathy they overcame the discomfort, ...”可知，他们的抱怨并不表示他们遇到了不可克服的困难。B项“孩子们只是对身体挑战不习惯”承接下文，符合文意。

19．E　由后文“You can complain, or you can make the best of it.”进一步说明了这里面临的两种情况可知，设空处应提到两种情况。

20．G　本文最后一段总结了抱怨对人们的消极影响。所以，作者最后给出结论：少抱怨，多努力。

第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Sydney is Australia's oldest,   21   and liveliest city with a population of 3,000,000, which is much larger than any other Australian city. It is a colorful, modern city but it also has a   22   beauty with   23   park land and perhaps the world's most beautiful deep－water harbor.

As well as being famous for its modern buildings and   24   the city has many   25   of historical interest. For example, Mrs Macquarie's Chair, the Rocks dating back to the early nineteenth century, and the attractive   26   of houses of Paddington, are all close to the harbor and the city   27  .

Sydney has many attractions which tourists can   28  —a zoo, Koala Bear Park and the Opera House which stands at the water's edge. Some   29   that this is one of the most beautiful examples of modern   30   in the world. For further entertainment there are all kinds of restaurants, theatres, night clubs, sports and social clubs. There is   31   an advanced network of communications   32   the city   33   underground railway, buses and taxis. Sydney has a very   34   climate. The average temperature in summer is 21.7 ℃， and in winter 12.6 ℃.

There are   35   places in the world where a visitor can find such a rich kind of natural and historical beauty, entertainment and culture.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。悉尼是澳大利亚最古老、最大和最富有生机活力的城市，也有许多著名的历史名胜古迹。这里的温度也非常适宜，几乎没有一个人不喜欢这座城市。

21．A.largest   B．smallest

C．happiest   D．strangest

答案：A　根据下文“much larger than any other Australian city”可知，悉尼是澳大利亚最大的城市。故选A。

22．A.special   B．natural

C．real   D．true

答案：B　下文的 “park land”和“beautiful deep－water harbor”都是介绍悉尼的自然美的。故选B。

23．A.big   B．high

C．green   D．wide

答案：C　park land 自然是以“绿色”为主色调。

24．A.roads   B．trees

C．hills   D．houses

答案：A　buildings and roads是现代城市所具备的特点。tree与hill一般不用modern修饰；house包括在buildings之内。故选A。

25．A.sorts   B．kinds

C．differences   D．places

答案：D　places of historical interest “历史名胜”。

26．A.lines   B．rows

C．queues   D．scores

答案：B　rows of houses “一排排房屋”，其他选项不适合用来修饰houses，故选B。

27．A.office   B．cinema

C．centre   D．side

答案：C　与前文“the harbor”相对，故此处应为city centre “市中心”。

28．A.watch   B．see

C．meet   D．enjoy

答案：D　由关键词attraction可推知，此处表示“欣赏”。

29．A.regard   B．say

C．consider   D．suggest

答案：B　后边的内容是有些人“说”的，故用say。

30．A.designs   B．science

C．imaginations   D．buildings

答案：D　歌剧院属于“建筑物”。故选D。

31．A.also   B．just

C．only   D．even

答案：A　句意：有各种各样的餐馆、戏院、夜总会、体育馆和社交俱乐部，而且也有先进的交通网络。also在此表示前后并列关系。故选A。

32．A.outside   B．within

C．around   D．near

答案：B　以上所提到的交通网络是指悉尼城内的。

33．A.besides   B．except

C．beside   D．including

答案：D　地铁、公共汽车和出租车是包括在交通网络之内的。including表示“包括”，符合语境。

34．A.pleasant   B．changeable

C．cool   D．wet

答案：A　由下文列举出的冬夏平均气温可知悉尼的气候宜人。pleasant “令人愉快的；舒适的”。故选A。

35．A.no   B．few

C．many   D．a few

答案：B　few “很少”，符合题意，表示悉尼的独特，说明世界上没有多少地方像悉尼一样。

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Welcome back to the hot topic of studying abroad! Last time, we talked about the general “ software” needed to have a   36   (success) studying experience overseas,   37   refers to the ability to understand western culture, and problem solving skills when   38   (face) critical situations, etc.

Now, I will dig deeper into the concept of “software”. Everyone is talking about culture shock nowadays, but you may wonder what it actually   39   (mean). Simply put: culture shock is the difficulty people may experience when   40   (expose) and adjusting to a remarkably different new culture. Usually, people often go   41   four distinct phases: the honeymoon phase, the negotiation phase, the adjustment phase and the mastery phase. Culture shock can happen immediately upon your   42   (arrive) in the country.

For international students, perhaps the most direct impact of culture shock is the variety of accents, especially in multicultural countries   43   the US, Canada or Australia. There are two main reasons: Firstly, these countries have highly diversified groups of residents from different cultural   44   (background). Secondly, there are many international students from all around the world every year studying in these countries, so you shouldn't be   45   (surprise) to find all kinds of unfamiliar accents around the university campus.

36．        　37.        　38.        　39.       

40．        　41.        　42.        　43.       

44．        　45.       

篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章就文化冲突这一话题进行了讨论。

36．successful　考查词性转换。修饰名词应用形容词，故填successful修饰名词experience。

37．which　考查定语从句的引导词。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为software。

38．facing　考查非谓语动词。“when we are facing”省略“we are”，故用现在分词形式作状语。

39．means　考查动词的时态。mean在此处是动词，意为“意味着”，且由上下文时态可知，应用一般现在时。

40．exposed　考查非谓语动词。此处为when people are exposed的省略形式，省略了主语和系动词。此处expose用过去分词形式作状语。

41．through　考查介词。go through意为“经历”，符合语境。

42．arrival/arriving　考查词性转换。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填arrival或arriving作介词upon的宾语。

43．like　考查介词。根据“the US, Canada or Australia”可知，此处表示列举，故用介词like，意为“例如，像”。

44．backgrounds　考查名词。由different可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。

45．surprised　考查词性转换。此处用形容词surprised作be的表语。

第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

假如你是李华，最近你在浏览一个美国中学网站时看到一位名叫Stephen的中学生的留言，他计划在暑假期间到中国的一些具有文化特色的地方去旅游，希望能有一名中国学生做他的导游。你对此很感兴趣，请根据以下提示写一封e－mail给他，介绍你的相关情况。内容包括：

1．希望做他的导游；

2．具备为他导游的能力；

3．可帮助他通过旅游更深刻地了解中国文化。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3．邮件开头和结尾已为你写好。

Dear Stephen，

Recently, while browsing a senior high school website of the USA, I saw the message you posted on it.                                                   

Yours，

Li Hua

[精彩范文]

Dear Stephen，

Recently, while browsing a senior high school website of the USA, I saw the message you posted on it. I know you have planned to travel to China and need a student to serve as your guide.I'm writing to apply for the job.

I'll show you around many places of interest introducing a large number of old buildings, traditional customs, special cultural activities to you.You will have a deeper impression of these places.And I'll also invite you to play and talk with the local people to learn more about their lives.I think I can help you with your communication well.

All in all, I hope you can believe in my excellent ability of guiding.Looking forward to your reply soon.

Yours，

Li Hua

第二节(满分25分)

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Every spring the trees and flowers bloom (开花) here in Connecticut. But that's not the case everywhere, especially the driest place on Earth.

The driest place on the planet is currently experiencing a second amazing and inspiring flower bloom and flooded with color after one more extreme rainfall this year, making for a rare sight for those living in Chile's Atacama Desert.

The Atacama Desert is located in the north part of the country and barely receives any rain throughout the entire year in general, making it extremely difficult for any plant to grow. Arica, in the northern Atacama, holds the world record for the longest dry tendency, having gone 173 months without a drop of rain in the early 20th century.

However, historic rainfall moved through the region earlier this year, leading to catastrophic flood, but also providing water for flower seeds that had lain dormant for years. In March, the heavy El Nino－related thunderstorm brought 0.96 inches of rain in one day to parts of the Atacama Desert. This doesn't seem like that much, but it was a huge rainfall event for the desert—over 14 years of rain in one day.

The malva (锦葵) flowers on the floor of the Atacama Desert bloom every five to seven years, usually coinciding with El Nino. They have taken advantage of the particularly rainy conditions of March, leading to the “most wonderful blossoming of the past 18 years”．

The desert saw another rainfall in August, causing the malva to bloom once again in the same year, which has never been recorded. It is a unique experience for the visitors to take the opportunity to document the wonder of nature.

It is estimated that roughly 20,000 visitors crowd to the desert recently to see the millions of tiny pink and purple flowers until the early part of November before the flowers begin to die and the landscape returns to normal.

写前导读：本文是一篇说明文。阿塔卡玛沙漠(Atacama Desert)位于南美洲西海岸中部。在副热带高气压带下沉气流、离岸风和秘鲁寒流的综合影响下，本地区成为世界最干燥的地区之一，被称作世界的“干极”。

[精彩范文]

As the driest place in the world, the Atacama Desert witnessed historic rainfall in March. (要点1) Although the rainfall caused catastrophic flood, it made malva seeds that had lain dormant for years come to life, whose flowers coated the desert later. (要点2) And more surprisingly, one more rainfall swept this place in August, which produces another feast for eyes, because the flowers are blooming again. (要点3)