还剩11页未读，
继续阅读
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
- 【教案】2023-2024学年高二英语人教版选择性必修三 Unit 4 Learning About Language (Discover useful structures) 教案 0 次下载
- 【教案】2023-2024学年高二英语人教版选择性必修三 Unit 4 Reading and Thinking 教案 0 次下载
- 【知识点汇总】2023-2024学年高二英语人教版 选择性必修三 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 其他 0 次下载
- 2023-2024学年高二英语人教版 选择性必修三 Unit 5 Assessing Your Progress & Project课件PPT 课件 0 次下载
- 2023-2024学年高二英语人教版 选择性必修三 Unit 5 Learning About Language课件PPT 课件 0 次下载
高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course单元测试课堂检测
展开
这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course单元测试课堂检测，共14页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分5分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 单元测试卷
（考试时间：100分钟 分值：100分）
班级：_________ 姓名：__________ 得分：__________
一、 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. All passengers __________ (在飞机上), we should be landing shortly. Please fasten your seat belts.
2. He made a __________ (真心的) attempt to improve conditions.
3. I want to find a __________ (体面的) and leisurable job with high pay in the future.
4. The mission for the __________ (全体机组人员) of the space shuttle is essentially over.
5. I had a physical problem and had to go to the hospital for a __________ (全面的) examination.
6. We are always busy with our work, only playing basketball once a week for __________ (消遣).
7. It is a good opportunity for young people to improve their performance under the __________ (指导) of the professional coach.
8. The __________ (应试者) who failed to meet these requirements was not admitted to the university.
9. As __________ (儒家) says, “Keep what you say and carry out what you do.”
10. She decided she would try to forget the __________ (一段经历) by the lake.
二、 单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost none of her __________ (enthusiastic) for life.
2. Bad customs and laws ought to _________ (abandon), since they are inappropriate for the development of the society.
3. The government is pressing for an early __________ (resolve) of the dispute.
4. The president made a ____________ (commit) to the nation that he would struggle for lower taxes and improve health care after taking office.
5. __________ (fortunate), his application for the expedition was accepted.
6. The company put some __________ (advertise) in the local paper to advertise their products.
7. She has never stopped trying and showed great __________ (persevere).
8. People can’t help __________ (envy) their wages and lifestyle.
9. At the bad news that he would be put on trail, his heart __________ (sink).
10. Escape can be a strong __________ (motive) for travel.
三、完成句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1. 即使电脑屏幕没有辐射，但长时间盯着屏幕也会对人的视力有害。
Even though computer screen don’t _______________ radiation, the stress from staring over long periods can cause harm to your vision.
2. 如果明天下雨怎么办？
_______________ it rains tomorrow?
3. 他们是那么小的孩子，以至于他们不能自己打扫房子。
They are _______ little children ________ they cannot clean the house by themselves.
4. 只要坚持练习，你将会提高你的阅读理解能力。
_______________ you keep practicing, you will improve your reading comprehension.
5. 你失业好几个月了，怎么能拒绝这么好的工作呢？
How could you _______________ such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?
四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to SummerCamps.com; find and book the very best summer camps. Your children are precious so we offer the highest quality of camps that will meet each child’s interests in challenging and exciting camp activities. All the camps feature outdoor recreation and adventure, which make sure the activities are fun, engaging and meaningful.
Catalina Sea Camp
Sea Camp offers three one-week sessions to boys and girls aged 8-13 and two three-week sessions to teens aged 12-17. Our hand-picked instructors create an atmosphere of fun and excitement while leading campers to a host of ocean adventures, marine (海洋的) biology, and social summer camp activities.
Address: Toyon Way, San Bruno, California 94066
Phone: 800-645-1423
Camp Rockmont
Camp Rockmont is a Christian summer camp for boys, aged 6-16, in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina. Rockmont’s duty of developing boys into healthy young men is accomplished through age-appropriate skills, activities, and challenges that help campers to know themselves better.
Address: 375 Lake Eden Road, Black Mountain, North Carolina 28711
Phone: 828-686-3885
Primitive Pursuits Overnight Camps
Primitive Pursuits Overnight Camps offer week-long Summer Adventure Overnight Camps in New York’s Finger Lakes to your children aged 11-15. Campers experience a week of nature-based skills training, inspiring challenges, and fun activities under the instruction of skilled instructors.
Address: 611 County Rd 13, Van Etten, New York 14889
Phone: 607-272-2292
1. What is special about Camp Rockmont?
A. It’s targeted at older boys.
B. It needs professional skills to accomplish the tasks.
C. It is a camp related to religion.
D. It is accomplished outdoors.
2. Who is the text most likely intended for?
A. Campers. B. Educators. C. Children. D. Parents.
3. What do these three camps have in common?
A. Each camp holds adventurous activities for the campers.
B. Children can stay in each camp for more than one week.
C. Each camp allows boys and girls of more than 6 years old to join in.
D. Children need to solve all the problems by themselves in each camp.
B
Larry was on another of his underwater expeditions (探险) but this time, it was different. He decided to take his daughter along with him. She was only ten years old. This would be her first trip with her father on what he had always been famous for.
Larry first began diving when he was his daughter’s age. Similarly, his father had taken him along on one of his expeditions. Since then, he had never looked back. Larry started out by renting diving suits from the small diving shop just along the shore. He had hated them. They were either too big or too small. Then, there was the instructor. He gave him a short lesson before allowing him into the water with his father. He had made an exception. Larry would never have been able to go down without at least five hours of theory and another similar number of hours on practical lessons with a guide. Children at his age were not even allowed to dive.
After the first expedition, Larry’s later diving adventures only got better and better. There was never a dull moment. In his black and blue suit and with an oxygen tank fastened on his back, Larry dived from boats into the middle of the ocean. Dangerous areas did not prevent him from continuing his search. Sometimes, he was limited to a cage underwater but that did not bother him. At least, he was still able to take photographs of the underwater creatures.
Larry’s first expedition without his father was in the Cayman Islands. There were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was determined to visit all of them. Fortunately for him, a man offered to take him around the different spots for free. Larry did not even know what the time was, how many spots he dived into or how many photographs he had taken. The diving spots afforded such a wide array of fish and sea creatures that Larry saw more than thirty varieties of creatures.
Larry looked at his daughter. She looked as excited as he had been when he was her age. He hoped she would be able to continue the family tradition. Already, she looked like she was much braver than Larry had been then. This was the key to a successful underwater expedition.
4. In what way was this expedition different for Larry?
A. His daughter had grown up. B. He had become a famous diver.
C. His father would dive with him. D. His daughter would dive with him.
5. What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A. Larry had some privileges.
B. Larry liked the rented diving suits.
C. Divers had to buy diving equipment.
D. Ten-year-old children were permitted to dive.
6. Why did Larry have to stay in a cage underwater sometimes?
A. To admire the underwater view. B. To dive into the deep water.
C. To protect himself from danger. D. To take photos more conveniently.
7. What did Larry expect his daughter to do?
A. Make a good diving guide. B. Become a successful diver.
C. Take a lot of photos underwater. D. Have longer hours of training.
C
When a storm is coming, most people leave the area as quickly as possible and head for safety. But there are a few people who will get into their cars and go straight for the center of the storm. These people are willing to risk being killed by floods or 100-kilometer-an-hour winds for the excitement of watching the storm close up.
“Storm chasing” is becoming an increasingly popular hobby, especially in the Midwest of the United States, where there are frequent storms between March and July. A storm chaser begins the day by checking the Internet for the latest weather reports, and then drives up to 1,000 kilometers to where the storm will be and waits for it to develop.
Although anyone can do it, storm chasing is extremely dangerous. The power of a big storm can throw a cow into the air or destroy a whole house in seconds. Storm chasers are also often hurt in accidents caused by driving in a heavy rain. If you are a beginner, it is much safer to join a group for storm-chasing vacations during the storm season.
Even then, storm chasing is not all adventure and excitement. “Storm chasing is 95% driving,” says Daniel Lynch, who spends most of his summer storm-chasing. “Sometimes you can sit around for hours waiting for something to happen, and all you get is blue sky and a few light showers.”
However, for storm chasers, it is all worth it. “When you get close to a storm, it is the most exciting sight you will ever see in your life,” says Jasper Morley. “Every storm is an example of the power of nature. It is the greatest show on Earth.”
8. The underlined word “chasing” in paragraph 2 probably means _________.
A. running after B. enjoying C. experiencing D. showing up
9. For storm chasing, the first thing storm chasers do is to _________.
A. head straight for the center of the storm B. collect information about a coming storm
C. wait patiently for the storm to develop D. get into the car for safety
10. Beginners of storm chasing are advised _________.
A. not to drive in a heavy rain B. not to get too close to a storm
C. to join in a group of storm chasers D. to spend more time on it in summer
11. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Storm chasing is only fit for young people.
B. Many storm chasers get killed in the storms.
C. Storm chasing is becoming popular around the world.
D. Sometimes storm chasers get nothing but disappointment.
D
Skiing has been around since early civilization, evidenced by a 5,000-year-old rock carving representing men on skis hunting deer in Norway, and the discovery of a ski dating back to 6,000 B.C. found in Vis, Russia. Historians debate where skiing first got its start, though; some argue that it was in Altay, China, in 8,000 B.C.
Modern skiing, however, can date back to the Scandinavians, who mainly used skis as a means of travel or for other practical purposes, particularly the Indigenous Sámi people in Norway, Finland, and Sweden, writes Raymond Flower in The History of Skiing and Other Winter Sports. Norse myths (挪威神话) even described UII, a winter god, on skis with curved tips and included other stories of heroes and goddesses skiing down mountains.
Some of the first official competitions began around 1850 in Norway, with the first recorded race in Sweden held outside Stockholm in 1879. Skiing became a household word with the publication of the popular book offering a thrilling account of Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen’s difficult and historic journey on skis across Greenland in 1888.
The sport spread to the Swiss Alps, where it was enjoyed largely by British vacationers, before clubs popped up around the world in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Variations of the sport developed over the years, such as the slalom race (障碍滑雪), downhill jumping, and mountaineering. The British are largely credited with transforming skiing from its Scandinavian roots into the highly competitive sport it is now. In 1921, they developed rules that became widely accepted and adjusted the slalom race to include flag gates to test the skill of skiers’ turns.
Skiing then exploded in popularity after World War II, when ski resorts (胜地) gradually developed to receive single-day skiers as well as those taking longer vacations.
12. What can we learn about Raymond Flower?
A. He wrote about skiing. B. He invented skiing.
C. He recorded Norse myths. D. He was good at rock carving.
13. Why did skiing become a well-known word in the late 1800’s?
A. Some official competitions were held. B. The British spread it all over the world.
C. It was written in the textbook on history. D. An adventure book about skiing came out.
14. Who contributed most in changing sking to a more competitive sport?
A. The Swiss. B. The British. C. The Norse. D. The Finn.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. How Did Skiing Develop in Norway? B. Why Did People Kill Time by Skiing?
C. What Are Skiing Adventures All About? D. What Are the Ancient Origins of Skiing?
五、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Four Habits to Help You Succeed
Nobody would like to experience failure. We all want to succeed. For those who have tried and failed, success seems difficult to understand. 1
• Know your values.
Finding your values is in line with creating motivation. 2 Pick a handful of things and write them down. Remind yourself of your values every day and reflect on whether you are honoring those values through your work.
• Pick a goal and focus on it.
Choose one goal to start something large enough that will give you a sense of achievement, while adjusting well to your values. If you want to achieve your goal, focus is the key here.
3 If you perform many tasks at a time, you might never finish your projects because they will take far too long.
• Set a time for success.
Set a date for success. Know when you hope to realize your goal. 4 By setting a time limit, you are making the process realistic.
5
Failure can’t be avoided when you take risks. By its very definition, the desire to succeed means you are risking failure. Many people tend to give up far too early. Don’t fall into this trap! Use failure, treat it as a good thing, and go on.
A. Make the right decision.
B. The more focused you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success.
C. I have made a list of four habits to help you set goals and realize them.
D. Keep it realistic, while not giving yourself too much time.
E. Don’t give up because of failure.
F. Sit and reflect on what you value most.
G. Push yourself to be courageous, and take that next step.
六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top 1 , but on their way back conditions were very difficult. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon 2 alone, he would probably get back 3 . But Simon decided to risk his 4 and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope (绳).
As they 5 down, the weather got worse. Then another trouble occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each other and, 6 , Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice (峭壁). It was 7 for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s weight was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. 8 , after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to 9 . In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 10 into a huge crevasse (裂缝) in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he 11 to get out of the crevasse and started to 12 towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers away.
Simon had 13 the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be dead, but he didn’t want to leave 14 . Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t 15 it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.
1. A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early
2. A. climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued
3. A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully
4. A. fortune B. time C. health D. life
5. A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked
6. A. by mistake B. by chance C. by choice D. by luck
7. A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible
8. A. Finally B. Patiently C. Surely D. Quickly
9. A. stand back B. take a rest C. make a decision D. hold on
10. A. jumped B. fell C. escaped D. backed
11. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped
12. A. run B. skate C. move D. march
13. A. headed for B. traveled to C. left for D. returned to
14. A. secretly B. tiredly C. immediately D. anxiously
15. A. find B. believe C. make D. accept
七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Over the years I 1 (teach) children about a simple but powerful concept — the ant philosophy (哲学), 2 amazing four-part philosophy.
First, ants never quit. If they’re heading somewhere and you try to stop them, they’ll climb over, they’ll climb under, and they’ll climb around. They never quit 3 (look) for a way to get where they 4 (suppose) to go. Second, ants think about winter all summer. They are always gathering their winter food in the middle of summer and they are making 5 (prepare) for the long cold winter. So you have to think about storms in summer, think about rocks 6 you enjoy the sand and sun. Third, ants think about summer all winter. During the winter, ants remind
7 (them), “This won’t last long. We’ll soon be out of here.” On the first warm day, the ants are out. If it 8 (turn) cold again, they’ll dive back down, but they come out again if it is warm. Last, how much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter? All that it
9 (possible) can. 10 you can learn from the ant philosophy is: Never give up, look ahead, stay positive and do all you can.
八、写作（满分15分）
假定你是育才学校学生会主席李华。你校将举办一次主题为“逆境和勇气”的英语演讲比赛，请你给外籍教师史密斯太太写封信，邀请她担任演讲比赛的评委，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 演讲比赛举办的时间、地点和主题；
3. 希望她能给予指导。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ms. Smith,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
一、1. aboard 2. genuine 3. decent 4. crew 5. thorough
6. recreation 7. guidance 8. candidate 9. Confucianism 10. episode
二、1. enthusiasm 2. be abandoned 3. resolution 4. commitment 5. Fortunately
6. advertisements 7. perseverance 8. envying 9. sank 10. motivation
三、1. give off 2. What if 3. so, that 4. As / So long as
5. turn down
四、
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍暑期适合青少年和儿童参加的有趣的历险夏令营活动。
1. C 细节理解题。根据Camp Rockmont部分第一句中的“Camp Rockmont is a Christian summer camp”可知该活动是一个基督教夏令营。故选C。
2. D 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句中的“Your children are precious”可知本文的目标读者为家长。故选D项。
3. A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“All the camps feature outdoor recreation and adventure”和三个夏令营的活动描述中分别使用的“ocean adventures”、“age-appropriate skills, activities, and challenges”和“inspiring challenges”可知，这些夏令营的共同特点是历险新奇。故选A。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫Larry的海底探险家准备带他的女儿去海底探险，并由此回忆起了他自己的第一次探险以及后来探险的经历。
4. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中第一句“... it was different.”以及第二句“He decided to take his daughter along with him.”可知，这一次的不同之处在于他的女儿将与他一起潜水。故选D。
5. A 推理判断题。根据第二段尤其是最后两句“Larry would never have been able to go down without at least five hours of theory and another similar number of hours on practical lessons with a guide. Children at his age were not even allowed to dive.”可知，每次潜水前都有导师指导并训练他，在他那个年龄的孩子甚至不被允许去潜水，由此可推断，他有一些特权。故选A。
6. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Dangerous areas did not prevent him from continuing his search. Sometimes, he was limited to a cage underwater but that did not bother him.”可知，让他待在笼子里应该是为了保护他。故选C。
7. B 细节理解题。根据本文最后一段的“He hoped she would be able to continue the family tradition.”及“This was the key to a successful underwater expedition.”可知，Larry期望他的女儿成为一名成功的潜水员。故选B。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国中西部流行的一种爱好——“追逐风暴”。
8. A 词义猜测题。根据画线单词上文“But there are a few people who will get into their cars and go straight for the center of the storm. These people are willing to risk being killed by floods or 100-kilometer-an-hour winds for the excitement of watching the storm close up.（但是有些人会上车直接冲向风暴中心。这些人愿意冒着被洪水或时速100公里的大风夺去生命的危险，只为了体验看到暴风雨结束时的那种兴奋。）”可知，发生风暴时，有些人愿意冒着生命危险冲向风暴中心，去追逐风暴。由此可知，画线单词chasing意为“追逐”，与A项“running after（追逐）”意思一样。故选A。
9. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A storm chaser begins the day by checking the Internet for the latest weather reports（在一天开始的时候，一个追逐风暴的人会上网查看最新的天气预报）”可知，风暴追逐者做的第一件事就是收集即将到来的风暴的信息。故选B。
10. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If you are a beginner, it is much safer to join a group for storm-chasing vacations during the storm season.（如果你是一个初学者，在风暴季节加入一个追逐风暴的团体会更安全。）”可知，风暴追逐初学者应加入风暴追逐队伍。故选C。
11. D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sometimes you can sit around for hours waiting for something to happen, and all you get is blue sky and a few light showers.（有时候你可以坐上好几个小时，等待一些事情发生，但是你得到的只是蓝天和几场小雨。）”可知，有时候风暴追逐者等到的只是蓝天和几场小雨。由此可推知，有时候风暴追逐者会一无所获，失望而归。故选D。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了滑雪这项运动的起源及其发展历程。
12. A 细节理解题。根据第二段“Modern skiing, however, can date back to the Scandinavians, who mainly used skis as a means of travel or for other practical purposes, particularly the Indigenous Sámi people in Norway, Finland, and Sweden, writes Raymond Flower in The History of Skiing and Other Winter Sports.（然而，雷蒙德·弗劳尔在《滑雪和其他冬季运动史》中写道，现代滑雪可以追溯到斯堪的纳维亚人，他们主要将滑雪板作为旅行工具或其他实用目的，尤其是挪威、芬兰和瑞典的土著萨米人。）”可知，雷蒙德·弗劳尔写了一本关于滑雪的书。故选A。
13. D 细节理解题。根据第三段“Skiing became a household word with the publication of the popular book offering a thrilling account of Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen’s difficult and historic journey on skis across Greenland in 1888.（随着一本畅销书的出版，滑雪成了家喻户晓的话题，这本书讲述了挪威探险家弗里德·乔夫·南森在1888年穿越格陵兰岛滑雪的艰难历史旅程。）”可知，滑雪在19世纪末成为一个众所周知的词，是由于一本关于滑雪的冒险书籍出版了。故选D。
14. B 细节理解题。根据第四段“The British are largely credited with transforming skiing from its Scandinavian roots into the highly competitive sport it is now.（在很大程度上，英国人将从斯堪的纳维亚起源的滑雪运动转变为现在的高度竞争性运动。）”可知，英国人在将滑雪变成更具竞争性的运动方面做出了最大的贡献。故选B。
15. D 标题判断题。根据第一段以及文章内容可知，本文主要探索了滑雪这项运动的起源，所以“滑雪的古老起源是什么？”可以作为文章标题。故选D。
五、
本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了如何设定目标以及实现这些目标，从而获得成功的四个好习惯。
1. C 空处位于首段段尾，起承上启下的作用。根据下文的四个小标题可知，这句话要引出小标题中出现的四个好习惯。选项C中的“I have made a list of four habits to ... them.”与下文四个小标题相照应，且是经典的引出话题的句式。故选C。
2. F 根据本段小标题“Know your values.”可知，本段建议是知道你的价值观，F项（坐下，思考你最珍视的东西）符合语境。故选F。
3. B 根据本段小标题“Pick a goal and focus on it.”可知，本段是建议确立目标，并关注此目标；B项（你越关注这个目标，你成功的机会就越大）符合语境。故选B。
4. D 根据本段小标题“Set a time for success.”和空后“By setting a time limit, you are making the process realistic.”可知，D项“Keep it realistic, while not giving yourself too much time.（将它变成现实，不要给自己太多时间。）”符合语境。故选D。
5. E 空处位于小标题处。根据小标题下的内容“Use failure, treat it as a good thing, and go on.”可知，本段谈论的内容与失败有关。选项E中的“failure”与其呼应。故选E。
六、
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两个朋友成功登上山顶后，在返回途中所发生的事。
1. C 根据空格前面的“Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande ...”和后面的“but on their way back conditions were very difficult”可知，他们成功地（successfully）登上了山顶。A. hurriedly“急急忙忙地”，B. carefully“仔细地”，D. early“早期地”，均与语境不符。故选C。
2. D 从空格后面的“alone, he would probably get back”可知，他们两个人都知道，如果西蒙一个人继续（continued）走的话，他可能会回去的。故选D。
3. B 根据空格前面的“he would probably get back”可知，西蒙可能会安全地（safely）返回营地。A. unwillingly“不情愿地”，C. slowly“慢慢地”，D. regretfully“后悔地”，均与语境不符。故选B。
4. D 空格后面的“and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope（并试图用绳子把乔顺到山下去）”表明，西蒙要冒着生命（life）危险帮助朋友回去，这也与前面的safely形成对比。故选D。
5. C 结合上一段最后一句话中的“to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope”可知，在他们继续往下走的过程中（As they went down），天气变得越来越糟糕。A. lie“躺”，B. settle“定居”，D. look“看”，均与语境不符。故选C。
6. A 从空格前面的“They couldn’t see or hear each other（他们看不清也听不见对方）”和空格后面的“Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice”可知，西蒙由于失误（by mistake）才把乔顺到了峭壁边上。B. by chance“偶然地，意外地”，C. by choice“出于自己的选择”，D. by luck“走运地”，均不符合语境。故选A。
7. D 结合空格前面的“over the edge of a precipice”和空格后面的“for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up”可知，乔再爬上来或者西蒙把他拽上来都不太可能（impossible）了。此句句式为：It is / was + adj. + for sb.+ to do sth.。故选D。
8. A 结合空格后面的“after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold”和“he cut the rope”可知，经过在黑暗和冰冷中一个多小时的挣扎，最终（finally）西蒙做出了决定。B. patiently“耐心地”，C. surely“肯定地”，D. quickly“迅速地”，均不符合语境。故选A。
9. C 根据空格后面的“he cut the rope”可知，西蒙没有办法了，最终做出决定（make a decision），割断了绳子，即让乔自己掉下去，否则两个人都将摔死。A. stand back“退后”，B. take a rest“休息”，D. hold on“抓住不放，坚持住”，均与语境不符。故选C。
10. B 结合上文的“cut the rope”和空格后面的“into a huge crevasse in the ice below”可知，因为绳子断了，乔掉下去了（fell）。故选B。
11. A 空格前面的but（表明下文与前面的“不能行走”构成转折关系）和空格后面的“to get out of the crevasse and started to ...”说明，他虽然不能走路了，但还是设法从裂缝中出来了（managed to get out of ...），继续朝营地挪去。manage to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”。故选A。
12. C 根据上文的“He couldn’t walk”和“get out of the crevasse”可知，他经过自己的努力，从裂缝中挣扎出来，并且继续朝营地挪去（move）。A. run“跑”，B. skate“滑冰”，D. march“行军”，均与语境不符。故选C。
13. D 结合空格后面的“the camp at the foot of the mountain”可知，西蒙自己安全返回了（returned to）营地。A. head for“出发，前往”，B. travel to“去……旅游”，C. leave for“动身去”，均与语境不符。故选D。
14. C 结合空格前面的“but he didn’t want to leave”可知，虽然西蒙认为乔死了，但是他并不想立即（immediately）离开营地。A. secretly“秘密地”，B. tiredly“劳累地”，D. anxiously“焦虑地”，均与语境不符。故选C。
15. B 根据空格前面的“Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice.（三天后，在半夜他听到了乔的声音。）”和后面的“Joe was there”可知，他简直不敢相信（believe）。故选B。
七、
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蚂蚁的哲学理论：第一，永不放弃；第二，向前看；第三，保持积极的心态；第四，尽你所能。
1. have been teaching 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“over the years”可知，动作“teach”从过去开始一直延续到现在并有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，且主语为“I”。故填have been teaching。
2. an 考查冠词。此处表示“一个令人惊讶的四部分哲学”，表示泛指，应用a或an，又因为amazing的读音以元音音素开头。故填an。
3. looking 考查非谓语动词。quit doing sth.“放弃做某事”。故填looking。
4. are supposed 考查动词的时态和语态。be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”。故填are supposed。
5. preparations 考查词性转换和名词单复数。make preparations for“为……做准备”。故填preparations。
6. when / as 考查状语从句。此处表示“当你享受沙子和阳光时要考虑岩石”，应用when或as引导时间状语从句。故填when / as。
7. themselves 考查反身代词。此处表示“它们会提醒自己”。故填themselves。
8. turns 考查动词的时态。主句为一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。故填turns。
9. possibly 考查词性转换。此处是一个省略句，省略了can后面的动词，而要用副词修饰动词。故填possibly。
10. What 考查名词性从句。所填词引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，且位于句首。故填What。
八、
Dear Ms. Smith,
I am Li Hua, the leader of the Students’ Union of Yucai Middle School. I sincerely hope you can set aside some time for our English Speech Contest and be a judge. The contest, the theme of which is “Adversity and Courage”, will be held in the Room 501 from 2:00 to 5:00 on the afternoon of June 15. What’s more, there will be ten candidates taking part in it. I am sure that it will be a great success if you can give us some precious guidance.
I would appreciate it if you could accept my invitation. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 单元测试卷
（考试时间：100分钟 分值：100分）
班级：_________ 姓名：__________ 得分：__________
一、 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. All passengers __________ (在飞机上), we should be landing shortly. Please fasten your seat belts.
2. He made a __________ (真心的) attempt to improve conditions.
3. I want to find a __________ (体面的) and leisurable job with high pay in the future.
4. The mission for the __________ (全体机组人员) of the space shuttle is essentially over.
5. I had a physical problem and had to go to the hospital for a __________ (全面的) examination.
6. We are always busy with our work, only playing basketball once a week for __________ (消遣).
7. It is a good opportunity for young people to improve their performance under the __________ (指导) of the professional coach.
8. The __________ (应试者) who failed to meet these requirements was not admitted to the university.
9. As __________ (儒家) says, “Keep what you say and carry out what you do.”
10. She decided she would try to forget the __________ (一段经历) by the lake.
二、 单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost none of her __________ (enthusiastic) for life.
2. Bad customs and laws ought to _________ (abandon), since they are inappropriate for the development of the society.
3. The government is pressing for an early __________ (resolve) of the dispute.
4. The president made a ____________ (commit) to the nation that he would struggle for lower taxes and improve health care after taking office.
5. __________ (fortunate), his application for the expedition was accepted.
6. The company put some __________ (advertise) in the local paper to advertise their products.
7. She has never stopped trying and showed great __________ (persevere).
8. People can’t help __________ (envy) their wages and lifestyle.
9. At the bad news that he would be put on trail, his heart __________ (sink).
10. Escape can be a strong __________ (motive) for travel.
三、完成句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1. 即使电脑屏幕没有辐射，但长时间盯着屏幕也会对人的视力有害。
Even though computer screen don’t _______________ radiation, the stress from staring over long periods can cause harm to your vision.
2. 如果明天下雨怎么办？
_______________ it rains tomorrow?
3. 他们是那么小的孩子，以至于他们不能自己打扫房子。
They are _______ little children ________ they cannot clean the house by themselves.
4. 只要坚持练习，你将会提高你的阅读理解能力。
_______________ you keep practicing, you will improve your reading comprehension.
5. 你失业好几个月了，怎么能拒绝这么好的工作呢？
How could you _______________ such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?
四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to SummerCamps.com; find and book the very best summer camps. Your children are precious so we offer the highest quality of camps that will meet each child’s interests in challenging and exciting camp activities. All the camps feature outdoor recreation and adventure, which make sure the activities are fun, engaging and meaningful.
Catalina Sea Camp
Sea Camp offers three one-week sessions to boys and girls aged 8-13 and two three-week sessions to teens aged 12-17. Our hand-picked instructors create an atmosphere of fun and excitement while leading campers to a host of ocean adventures, marine (海洋的) biology, and social summer camp activities.
Address: Toyon Way, San Bruno, California 94066
Phone: 800-645-1423
Camp Rockmont
Camp Rockmont is a Christian summer camp for boys, aged 6-16, in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina. Rockmont’s duty of developing boys into healthy young men is accomplished through age-appropriate skills, activities, and challenges that help campers to know themselves better.
Address: 375 Lake Eden Road, Black Mountain, North Carolina 28711
Phone: 828-686-3885
Primitive Pursuits Overnight Camps
Primitive Pursuits Overnight Camps offer week-long Summer Adventure Overnight Camps in New York’s Finger Lakes to your children aged 11-15. Campers experience a week of nature-based skills training, inspiring challenges, and fun activities under the instruction of skilled instructors.
Address: 611 County Rd 13, Van Etten, New York 14889
Phone: 607-272-2292
1. What is special about Camp Rockmont?
A. It’s targeted at older boys.
B. It needs professional skills to accomplish the tasks.
C. It is a camp related to religion.
D. It is accomplished outdoors.
2. Who is the text most likely intended for?
A. Campers. B. Educators. C. Children. D. Parents.
3. What do these three camps have in common?
A. Each camp holds adventurous activities for the campers.
B. Children can stay in each camp for more than one week.
C. Each camp allows boys and girls of more than 6 years old to join in.
D. Children need to solve all the problems by themselves in each camp.
B
Larry was on another of his underwater expeditions (探险) but this time, it was different. He decided to take his daughter along with him. She was only ten years old. This would be her first trip with her father on what he had always been famous for.
Larry first began diving when he was his daughter’s age. Similarly, his father had taken him along on one of his expeditions. Since then, he had never looked back. Larry started out by renting diving suits from the small diving shop just along the shore. He had hated them. They were either too big or too small. Then, there was the instructor. He gave him a short lesson before allowing him into the water with his father. He had made an exception. Larry would never have been able to go down without at least five hours of theory and another similar number of hours on practical lessons with a guide. Children at his age were not even allowed to dive.
After the first expedition, Larry’s later diving adventures only got better and better. There was never a dull moment. In his black and blue suit and with an oxygen tank fastened on his back, Larry dived from boats into the middle of the ocean. Dangerous areas did not prevent him from continuing his search. Sometimes, he was limited to a cage underwater but that did not bother him. At least, he was still able to take photographs of the underwater creatures.
Larry’s first expedition without his father was in the Cayman Islands. There were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was determined to visit all of them. Fortunately for him, a man offered to take him around the different spots for free. Larry did not even know what the time was, how many spots he dived into or how many photographs he had taken. The diving spots afforded such a wide array of fish and sea creatures that Larry saw more than thirty varieties of creatures.
Larry looked at his daughter. She looked as excited as he had been when he was her age. He hoped she would be able to continue the family tradition. Already, she looked like she was much braver than Larry had been then. This was the key to a successful underwater expedition.
4. In what way was this expedition different for Larry?
A. His daughter had grown up. B. He had become a famous diver.
C. His father would dive with him. D. His daughter would dive with him.
5. What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A. Larry had some privileges.
B. Larry liked the rented diving suits.
C. Divers had to buy diving equipment.
D. Ten-year-old children were permitted to dive.
6. Why did Larry have to stay in a cage underwater sometimes?
A. To admire the underwater view. B. To dive into the deep water.
C. To protect himself from danger. D. To take photos more conveniently.
7. What did Larry expect his daughter to do?
A. Make a good diving guide. B. Become a successful diver.
C. Take a lot of photos underwater. D. Have longer hours of training.
C
When a storm is coming, most people leave the area as quickly as possible and head for safety. But there are a few people who will get into their cars and go straight for the center of the storm. These people are willing to risk being killed by floods or 100-kilometer-an-hour winds for the excitement of watching the storm close up.
“Storm chasing” is becoming an increasingly popular hobby, especially in the Midwest of the United States, where there are frequent storms between March and July. A storm chaser begins the day by checking the Internet for the latest weather reports, and then drives up to 1,000 kilometers to where the storm will be and waits for it to develop.
Although anyone can do it, storm chasing is extremely dangerous. The power of a big storm can throw a cow into the air or destroy a whole house in seconds. Storm chasers are also often hurt in accidents caused by driving in a heavy rain. If you are a beginner, it is much safer to join a group for storm-chasing vacations during the storm season.
Even then, storm chasing is not all adventure and excitement. “Storm chasing is 95% driving,” says Daniel Lynch, who spends most of his summer storm-chasing. “Sometimes you can sit around for hours waiting for something to happen, and all you get is blue sky and a few light showers.”
However, for storm chasers, it is all worth it. “When you get close to a storm, it is the most exciting sight you will ever see in your life,” says Jasper Morley. “Every storm is an example of the power of nature. It is the greatest show on Earth.”
8. The underlined word “chasing” in paragraph 2 probably means _________.
A. running after B. enjoying C. experiencing D. showing up
9. For storm chasing, the first thing storm chasers do is to _________.
A. head straight for the center of the storm B. collect information about a coming storm
C. wait patiently for the storm to develop D. get into the car for safety
10. Beginners of storm chasing are advised _________.
A. not to drive in a heavy rain B. not to get too close to a storm
C. to join in a group of storm chasers D. to spend more time on it in summer
11. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Storm chasing is only fit for young people.
B. Many storm chasers get killed in the storms.
C. Storm chasing is becoming popular around the world.
D. Sometimes storm chasers get nothing but disappointment.
D
Skiing has been around since early civilization, evidenced by a 5,000-year-old rock carving representing men on skis hunting deer in Norway, and the discovery of a ski dating back to 6,000 B.C. found in Vis, Russia. Historians debate where skiing first got its start, though; some argue that it was in Altay, China, in 8,000 B.C.
Modern skiing, however, can date back to the Scandinavians, who mainly used skis as a means of travel or for other practical purposes, particularly the Indigenous Sámi people in Norway, Finland, and Sweden, writes Raymond Flower in The History of Skiing and Other Winter Sports. Norse myths (挪威神话) even described UII, a winter god, on skis with curved tips and included other stories of heroes and goddesses skiing down mountains.
Some of the first official competitions began around 1850 in Norway, with the first recorded race in Sweden held outside Stockholm in 1879. Skiing became a household word with the publication of the popular book offering a thrilling account of Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen’s difficult and historic journey on skis across Greenland in 1888.
The sport spread to the Swiss Alps, where it was enjoyed largely by British vacationers, before clubs popped up around the world in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Variations of the sport developed over the years, such as the slalom race (障碍滑雪), downhill jumping, and mountaineering. The British are largely credited with transforming skiing from its Scandinavian roots into the highly competitive sport it is now. In 1921, they developed rules that became widely accepted and adjusted the slalom race to include flag gates to test the skill of skiers’ turns.
Skiing then exploded in popularity after World War II, when ski resorts (胜地) gradually developed to receive single-day skiers as well as those taking longer vacations.
12. What can we learn about Raymond Flower?
A. He wrote about skiing. B. He invented skiing.
C. He recorded Norse myths. D. He was good at rock carving.
13. Why did skiing become a well-known word in the late 1800’s?
A. Some official competitions were held. B. The British spread it all over the world.
C. It was written in the textbook on history. D. An adventure book about skiing came out.
14. Who contributed most in changing sking to a more competitive sport?
A. The Swiss. B. The British. C. The Norse. D. The Finn.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. How Did Skiing Develop in Norway? B. Why Did People Kill Time by Skiing?
C. What Are Skiing Adventures All About? D. What Are the Ancient Origins of Skiing?
五、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Four Habits to Help You Succeed
Nobody would like to experience failure. We all want to succeed. For those who have tried and failed, success seems difficult to understand. 1
• Know your values.
Finding your values is in line with creating motivation. 2 Pick a handful of things and write them down. Remind yourself of your values every day and reflect on whether you are honoring those values through your work.
• Pick a goal and focus on it.
Choose one goal to start something large enough that will give you a sense of achievement, while adjusting well to your values. If you want to achieve your goal, focus is the key here.
3 If you perform many tasks at a time, you might never finish your projects because they will take far too long.
• Set a time for success.
Set a date for success. Know when you hope to realize your goal. 4 By setting a time limit, you are making the process realistic.
5
Failure can’t be avoided when you take risks. By its very definition, the desire to succeed means you are risking failure. Many people tend to give up far too early. Don’t fall into this trap! Use failure, treat it as a good thing, and go on.
A. Make the right decision.
B. The more focused you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success.
C. I have made a list of four habits to help you set goals and realize them.
D. Keep it realistic, while not giving yourself too much time.
E. Don’t give up because of failure.
F. Sit and reflect on what you value most.
G. Push yourself to be courageous, and take that next step.
六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top 1 , but on their way back conditions were very difficult. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon 2 alone, he would probably get back 3 . But Simon decided to risk his 4 and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope (绳).
As they 5 down, the weather got worse. Then another trouble occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each other and, 6 , Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice (峭壁). It was 7 for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s weight was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. 8 , after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to 9 . In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 10 into a huge crevasse (裂缝) in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he 11 to get out of the crevasse and started to 12 towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers away.
Simon had 13 the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be dead, but he didn’t want to leave 14 . Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t 15 it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.
1. A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early
2. A. climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued
3. A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully
4. A. fortune B. time C. health D. life
5. A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked
6. A. by mistake B. by chance C. by choice D. by luck
7. A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible
8. A. Finally B. Patiently C. Surely D. Quickly
9. A. stand back B. take a rest C. make a decision D. hold on
10. A. jumped B. fell C. escaped D. backed
11. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped
12. A. run B. skate C. move D. march
13. A. headed for B. traveled to C. left for D. returned to
14. A. secretly B. tiredly C. immediately D. anxiously
15. A. find B. believe C. make D. accept
七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Over the years I 1 (teach) children about a simple but powerful concept — the ant philosophy (哲学), 2 amazing four-part philosophy.
First, ants never quit. If they’re heading somewhere and you try to stop them, they’ll climb over, they’ll climb under, and they’ll climb around. They never quit 3 (look) for a way to get where they 4 (suppose) to go. Second, ants think about winter all summer. They are always gathering their winter food in the middle of summer and they are making 5 (prepare) for the long cold winter. So you have to think about storms in summer, think about rocks 6 you enjoy the sand and sun. Third, ants think about summer all winter. During the winter, ants remind
7 (them), “This won’t last long. We’ll soon be out of here.” On the first warm day, the ants are out. If it 8 (turn) cold again, they’ll dive back down, but they come out again if it is warm. Last, how much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter? All that it
9 (possible) can. 10 you can learn from the ant philosophy is: Never give up, look ahead, stay positive and do all you can.
八、写作（满分15分）
假定你是育才学校学生会主席李华。你校将举办一次主题为“逆境和勇气”的英语演讲比赛，请你给外籍教师史密斯太太写封信，邀请她担任演讲比赛的评委，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 演讲比赛举办的时间、地点和主题；
3. 希望她能给予指导。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ms. Smith,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
一、1. aboard 2. genuine 3. decent 4. crew 5. thorough
6. recreation 7. guidance 8. candidate 9. Confucianism 10. episode
二、1. enthusiasm 2. be abandoned 3. resolution 4. commitment 5. Fortunately
6. advertisements 7. perseverance 8. envying 9. sank 10. motivation
三、1. give off 2. What if 3. so, that 4. As / So long as
5. turn down
四、
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍暑期适合青少年和儿童参加的有趣的历险夏令营活动。
1. C 细节理解题。根据Camp Rockmont部分第一句中的“Camp Rockmont is a Christian summer camp”可知该活动是一个基督教夏令营。故选C。
2. D 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句中的“Your children are precious”可知本文的目标读者为家长。故选D项。
3. A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“All the camps feature outdoor recreation and adventure”和三个夏令营的活动描述中分别使用的“ocean adventures”、“age-appropriate skills, activities, and challenges”和“inspiring challenges”可知，这些夏令营的共同特点是历险新奇。故选A。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫Larry的海底探险家准备带他的女儿去海底探险，并由此回忆起了他自己的第一次探险以及后来探险的经历。
4. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中第一句“... it was different.”以及第二句“He decided to take his daughter along with him.”可知，这一次的不同之处在于他的女儿将与他一起潜水。故选D。
5. A 推理判断题。根据第二段尤其是最后两句“Larry would never have been able to go down without at least five hours of theory and another similar number of hours on practical lessons with a guide. Children at his age were not even allowed to dive.”可知，每次潜水前都有导师指导并训练他，在他那个年龄的孩子甚至不被允许去潜水，由此可推断，他有一些特权。故选A。
6. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Dangerous areas did not prevent him from continuing his search. Sometimes, he was limited to a cage underwater but that did not bother him.”可知，让他待在笼子里应该是为了保护他。故选C。
7. B 细节理解题。根据本文最后一段的“He hoped she would be able to continue the family tradition.”及“This was the key to a successful underwater expedition.”可知，Larry期望他的女儿成为一名成功的潜水员。故选B。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国中西部流行的一种爱好——“追逐风暴”。
8. A 词义猜测题。根据画线单词上文“But there are a few people who will get into their cars and go straight for the center of the storm. These people are willing to risk being killed by floods or 100-kilometer-an-hour winds for the excitement of watching the storm close up.（但是有些人会上车直接冲向风暴中心。这些人愿意冒着被洪水或时速100公里的大风夺去生命的危险，只为了体验看到暴风雨结束时的那种兴奋。）”可知，发生风暴时，有些人愿意冒着生命危险冲向风暴中心，去追逐风暴。由此可知，画线单词chasing意为“追逐”，与A项“running after（追逐）”意思一样。故选A。
9. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A storm chaser begins the day by checking the Internet for the latest weather reports（在一天开始的时候，一个追逐风暴的人会上网查看最新的天气预报）”可知，风暴追逐者做的第一件事就是收集即将到来的风暴的信息。故选B。
10. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If you are a beginner, it is much safer to join a group for storm-chasing vacations during the storm season.（如果你是一个初学者，在风暴季节加入一个追逐风暴的团体会更安全。）”可知，风暴追逐初学者应加入风暴追逐队伍。故选C。
11. D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sometimes you can sit around for hours waiting for something to happen, and all you get is blue sky and a few light showers.（有时候你可以坐上好几个小时，等待一些事情发生，但是你得到的只是蓝天和几场小雨。）”可知，有时候风暴追逐者等到的只是蓝天和几场小雨。由此可推知，有时候风暴追逐者会一无所获，失望而归。故选D。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了滑雪这项运动的起源及其发展历程。
12. A 细节理解题。根据第二段“Modern skiing, however, can date back to the Scandinavians, who mainly used skis as a means of travel or for other practical purposes, particularly the Indigenous Sámi people in Norway, Finland, and Sweden, writes Raymond Flower in The History of Skiing and Other Winter Sports.（然而，雷蒙德·弗劳尔在《滑雪和其他冬季运动史》中写道，现代滑雪可以追溯到斯堪的纳维亚人，他们主要将滑雪板作为旅行工具或其他实用目的，尤其是挪威、芬兰和瑞典的土著萨米人。）”可知，雷蒙德·弗劳尔写了一本关于滑雪的书。故选A。
13. D 细节理解题。根据第三段“Skiing became a household word with the publication of the popular book offering a thrilling account of Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen’s difficult and historic journey on skis across Greenland in 1888.（随着一本畅销书的出版，滑雪成了家喻户晓的话题，这本书讲述了挪威探险家弗里德·乔夫·南森在1888年穿越格陵兰岛滑雪的艰难历史旅程。）”可知，滑雪在19世纪末成为一个众所周知的词，是由于一本关于滑雪的冒险书籍出版了。故选D。
14. B 细节理解题。根据第四段“The British are largely credited with transforming skiing from its Scandinavian roots into the highly competitive sport it is now.（在很大程度上，英国人将从斯堪的纳维亚起源的滑雪运动转变为现在的高度竞争性运动。）”可知，英国人在将滑雪变成更具竞争性的运动方面做出了最大的贡献。故选B。
15. D 标题判断题。根据第一段以及文章内容可知，本文主要探索了滑雪这项运动的起源，所以“滑雪的古老起源是什么？”可以作为文章标题。故选D。
五、
本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了如何设定目标以及实现这些目标，从而获得成功的四个好习惯。
1. C 空处位于首段段尾，起承上启下的作用。根据下文的四个小标题可知，这句话要引出小标题中出现的四个好习惯。选项C中的“I have made a list of four habits to ... them.”与下文四个小标题相照应，且是经典的引出话题的句式。故选C。
2. F 根据本段小标题“Know your values.”可知，本段建议是知道你的价值观，F项（坐下，思考你最珍视的东西）符合语境。故选F。
3. B 根据本段小标题“Pick a goal and focus on it.”可知，本段是建议确立目标，并关注此目标；B项（你越关注这个目标，你成功的机会就越大）符合语境。故选B。
4. D 根据本段小标题“Set a time for success.”和空后“By setting a time limit, you are making the process realistic.”可知，D项“Keep it realistic, while not giving yourself too much time.（将它变成现实，不要给自己太多时间。）”符合语境。故选D。
5. E 空处位于小标题处。根据小标题下的内容“Use failure, treat it as a good thing, and go on.”可知，本段谈论的内容与失败有关。选项E中的“failure”与其呼应。故选E。
六、
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两个朋友成功登上山顶后，在返回途中所发生的事。
1. C 根据空格前面的“Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande ...”和后面的“but on their way back conditions were very difficult”可知，他们成功地（successfully）登上了山顶。A. hurriedly“急急忙忙地”，B. carefully“仔细地”，D. early“早期地”，均与语境不符。故选C。
2. D 从空格后面的“alone, he would probably get back”可知，他们两个人都知道，如果西蒙一个人继续（continued）走的话，他可能会回去的。故选D。
3. B 根据空格前面的“he would probably get back”可知，西蒙可能会安全地（safely）返回营地。A. unwillingly“不情愿地”，C. slowly“慢慢地”，D. regretfully“后悔地”，均与语境不符。故选B。
4. D 空格后面的“and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope（并试图用绳子把乔顺到山下去）”表明，西蒙要冒着生命（life）危险帮助朋友回去，这也与前面的safely形成对比。故选D。
5. C 结合上一段最后一句话中的“to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope”可知，在他们继续往下走的过程中（As they went down），天气变得越来越糟糕。A. lie“躺”，B. settle“定居”，D. look“看”，均与语境不符。故选C。
6. A 从空格前面的“They couldn’t see or hear each other（他们看不清也听不见对方）”和空格后面的“Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice”可知，西蒙由于失误（by mistake）才把乔顺到了峭壁边上。B. by chance“偶然地，意外地”，C. by choice“出于自己的选择”，D. by luck“走运地”，均不符合语境。故选A。
7. D 结合空格前面的“over the edge of a precipice”和空格后面的“for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up”可知，乔再爬上来或者西蒙把他拽上来都不太可能（impossible）了。此句句式为：It is / was + adj. + for sb.+ to do sth.。故选D。
8. A 结合空格后面的“after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold”和“he cut the rope”可知，经过在黑暗和冰冷中一个多小时的挣扎，最终（finally）西蒙做出了决定。B. patiently“耐心地”，C. surely“肯定地”，D. quickly“迅速地”，均不符合语境。故选A。
9. C 根据空格后面的“he cut the rope”可知，西蒙没有办法了，最终做出决定（make a decision），割断了绳子，即让乔自己掉下去，否则两个人都将摔死。A. stand back“退后”，B. take a rest“休息”，D. hold on“抓住不放，坚持住”，均与语境不符。故选C。
10. B 结合上文的“cut the rope”和空格后面的“into a huge crevasse in the ice below”可知，因为绳子断了，乔掉下去了（fell）。故选B。
11. A 空格前面的but（表明下文与前面的“不能行走”构成转折关系）和空格后面的“to get out of the crevasse and started to ...”说明，他虽然不能走路了，但还是设法从裂缝中出来了（managed to get out of ...），继续朝营地挪去。manage to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”。故选A。
12. C 根据上文的“He couldn’t walk”和“get out of the crevasse”可知，他经过自己的努力，从裂缝中挣扎出来，并且继续朝营地挪去（move）。A. run“跑”，B. skate“滑冰”，D. march“行军”，均与语境不符。故选C。
13. D 结合空格后面的“the camp at the foot of the mountain”可知，西蒙自己安全返回了（returned to）营地。A. head for“出发，前往”，B. travel to“去……旅游”，C. leave for“动身去”，均与语境不符。故选D。
14. C 结合空格前面的“but he didn’t want to leave”可知，虽然西蒙认为乔死了，但是他并不想立即（immediately）离开营地。A. secretly“秘密地”，B. tiredly“劳累地”，D. anxiously“焦虑地”，均与语境不符。故选C。
15. B 根据空格前面的“Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice.（三天后，在半夜他听到了乔的声音。）”和后面的“Joe was there”可知，他简直不敢相信（believe）。故选B。
七、
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蚂蚁的哲学理论：第一，永不放弃；第二，向前看；第三，保持积极的心态；第四，尽你所能。
1. have been teaching 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“over the years”可知，动作“teach”从过去开始一直延续到现在并有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，且主语为“I”。故填have been teaching。
2. an 考查冠词。此处表示“一个令人惊讶的四部分哲学”，表示泛指，应用a或an，又因为amazing的读音以元音音素开头。故填an。
3. looking 考查非谓语动词。quit doing sth.“放弃做某事”。故填looking。
4. are supposed 考查动词的时态和语态。be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”。故填are supposed。
5. preparations 考查词性转换和名词单复数。make preparations for“为……做准备”。故填preparations。
6. when / as 考查状语从句。此处表示“当你享受沙子和阳光时要考虑岩石”，应用when或as引导时间状语从句。故填when / as。
7. themselves 考查反身代词。此处表示“它们会提醒自己”。故填themselves。
8. turns 考查动词的时态。主句为一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。故填turns。
9. possibly 考查词性转换。此处是一个省略句，省略了can后面的动词，而要用副词修饰动词。故填possibly。
10. What 考查名词性从句。所填词引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，且位于句首。故填What。
八、
Dear Ms. Smith,
I am Li Hua, the leader of the Students’ Union of Yucai Middle School. I sincerely hope you can set aside some time for our English Speech Contest and be a judge. The contest, the theme of which is “Adversity and Courage”, will be held in the Room 501 from 2:00 to 5:00 on the afternoon of June 15. What’s more, there will be ten candidates taking part in it. I am sure that it will be a great success if you can give us some precious guidance.
I would appreciate it if you could accept my invitation. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
相关试卷
人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course单元测试巩固练习： 这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course单元测试巩固练习，共8页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course练习： 这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course练习，共5页。试卷主要包含了adversity n，expeditin n，selfish adj.自私的等内容，欢迎下载使用。
人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course单元测试课后复习题： 这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course单元测试课后复习题，共7页。试卷主要包含了词汇运用，用现在完成进行时完成句子，补全句子，阅读理解，七选五，完型填空，语法填空，应用文写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
