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英语Unit 1 People of Achievement教学设计
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这是一份英语Unit 1 People of Achievement教学设计，共14页。教案主要包含了完成句子，阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 1 People of Achievement 单元测试卷
（考试时间：100分钟 分值：100分）
班级：_________ 姓名：__________ 得分：__________
一、 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. As is known to all, talent and hard work are both __________ (至关重要的) to career success.
2. It is necessary for us to have an __________ (客观的) attitude towards life.
3. I want to relax myself completely, so I am going to the __________ (植物的) garden with my parents.
4. As a matter of fact, happiness doesn’t lie in how much __________ (财产) you own.
5. It is widely __________ (承认) that he is the best player in the world.
6. Rock music is quite __________ (有区别的) from North American jazz or blues.
7. So long as we can __________ (击败) the other team, we’ll become the champion of course.
8. The hospital has recently __________ (获得) new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated.
9. He looks scary but he’s really a __________ (温柔的) giant.
10. The trademark is registered on the book of the __________ (专利) Office.
二、 单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. First of all, volunteering can help us to learn more about society __________ (gradual).
2. In _________ (conclude), parents have to change some of their beliefs about how children should be raised.
3. The key to success as a romantic __________ (novel) is absolute belief in your story.
4. Viewing childhood development as a ____________ (science) investigation throws light on how children learn.
5. We must value the good time which passes swiftly like __________ (flow) water.
6. She has bought some electronic __________ (device) that protect her vehicle 24 hours a day.
7. Lisa was the most remarkable woman he had ever __________ (encounter).
8. She __________ (apparent) took pains to convince him that she had adopted the right system.
9. The __________ (politics) is going to meet with people to talk about matters of common concern.
10. Susan doesn’t want to make a big emotional __________ (commit) to Steve at the moment.
三、完成句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1. 新统治者掌权后，他与以前的所有敌人和解了。
When the new ruler _______________, he made peace with all his former enemies.
2. 史密斯先生放弃了教学工作，在艺术委员会任职。
Mr. Smith left a career in teaching to _______________ a position with the Arts Council.
3. 老师让我们用三句话总结这一课的要点。
The teacher asked us to _______________ the main point of the lesson in three sentences.
4. 除了正常的磨损外，这辆汽车的状况很好。
Apart from fair _______________, the car is in excellent condition.
5. 新系统可能更经济，但会导致方案质量下降。
The new system may be more economic but will _______________ a decline in programme quality.
四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams (1860-1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson (1907-1964)
If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)
When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the Supreme Court of the United States. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 25 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks (1913-2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott (抵制). It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.
1. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?
A. Her social work. B. Her teaching skills.
C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background.
2. What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?
A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court.
C. The discrimination against women. D. The poor financial conditions.
3. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?
A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.
C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.
B
Amelia Earhart was born on July 24, 1897, in Atchison, Kansas. She was the elder of Edwin Stanton and Amy Otis Earhart’s two daughters. Childhood was not happy for the two bright sisters. Their father was an alcoholic (酒鬼) and lost jobs often. The family traveled a great deal.
The girls often recited poetry while doing their chores but also loved sports, including basketball and tennis. Their parents encouraged them to try new things.
During the war Amelia worked as a military nurse in Canada and later she became a social worker and taught English to immigrant children. Besides work, Amelia had one hobby. She enjoyed watching airplane stunt (特技) shows, which were popular in the 1920s. Then one day she took a 10-minute plane ride and knew what her vocation would be.
After 10 hours of instruction and several crashes, Amelia was ready to fly. She made her first solo flight in 1921. The flight went well. Till 1928, flying was only her hobby. This changed when Amelia received a call from Captain Hilton H Railey. He asked her to join pilots Wilmer Stultz and Louis Gordon on a flight from the United States to England.
Though Amelia was just a passenger, she became the first woman to cross the Atlantic. After this, Amelia got great publicity. In May 1932, she crossed the Atlantic alone and set a new transatlantic crossing record of 13 hours and 30 minutes. She received a medal from American President Herbert Hoover for this. Several years later, she became the first woman to fly from California to Hawaii, which was a difficult route.
Amelia’s last flight began in June 1937. She and navigator Fred Noonan set out to fly around the world. They were in a twin-engine plane. The two of them took off from Miami in America to South America. Then they crossed the South Atlantic Ocean to Dakar in Africa. From there to Thailand to Australia.
However, after they left Lae in New Guinea for Howland Island, the American coast guard lost contact with the plane. Despite an extensive search, the American Navy never found a trace of either the plane or the aviators. Their disappearance is still a mystery.
4. Why did Earhart have an unhappy childhood?
A. Because the family traveled a great deal.
B. Because she had to do some housework.
C. Because she was the elder of the two daughters.
D. Because her father was often drunk and out of work.
5. What did Earhart decide to do?
A. She would learn to fly a plane.
B. She would buy an airplane herself.
C. She would watch airplane stunt shows.
D. She would teach English to immigrant children.
6. Why was Earhart given a medal from American President?
A. She was the first woman to cross the Atlantic.
B. She was the first pilot to cross the Atlantic alone.
C. She crossed the Atlantic alone and set a new record.
D. She was the first woman to fly around the world.
7. What can we infer about Earhart from the passage?
A. She had many kinds of interests.
B. Her parents wanted her to be a poet.
C. Her wish was to become a nurse.
D. Her parents didn’t let her do any housework.
C
Helen Thayer, one of the greatest explorers of the 20th century, loves challenges. She says, “I like to see what’s on the other side of the hill.” She has gone almost everywhere to do that.
In 1988, at the age of 50, she became the first woman to travel alone to the North Pole. She pulled her own sled piled with 160 pounds of supplies, and during her trip no one brought her fresh supplies. Accompanied only by her dog Charlie, she survived cold weather and meetings with polar bears. In fact, Charlie saved her life when one of them attacked her. Near the end of her trip, a forceful wind blew away the majority of her supplies. The last week of the trip, she survived on a handful of nuts and a little water each day.
Helen goes to challenging places not only for adventure, but also for education. Before her Arctic journey, she started a website called Adventure Classroom. On the site, she shares her adventures in order to motivate (激发) students. She explains, “Although kids often see the world in a negative way, without hope for their future, we work to inspire them to set goals, plan for success and never give up...”
Helen grew up in New Zealand. Her parents were athletes and mountain climbers. Following her parents’ example, she climbed her first mountain at 9. Later, she climbed the highest mountains in North and South America, the former USSR and New Zealand.
In 1996, she took on another challenge — the Sahara Desert. She and her husband, Bill, walked 2,400 miles across it! In 2001, she and Bill traveled on foot from west to east through the Gobi Desert in Mongolia. They hope to travel to Sichuan and Tibet in China to study pandas this year.
Helen plans to continue taking trips. She’ll use her explorations, writing, photography and environmental work to create programs for her Adventure Classroom website. She wants to inspire her students never to stop facing challenges!
8. What can we learn from paragraph 2?
A. Helen Thayer is the first person to reach the North Pole.
B. Helen Thayer ate nothing during the last week of her trip.
C. Charlie prevented Helen being attacked by polar bears.
D. Helen Thayer traveled to the North Pole together with her husband.
9. Why does Helen travel to different places worldwide?
A. For education. B. For fun.
C. For money. D. For fame.
10. Which is the best title for the text?
A. The Woman Who Loves Adventure. B. A Famous Woman.
C. A Woman Mountain Climber. D. The Owner of Adventure Classroom.
11. Which of the following places has Helen not visited yet?
A. The North Pole. B. The Sahara Desert.
C. The Gobi Desert. D. Sichuan and Tibet.
D
Modern medicine and the latest technology can save many lives. If you live in a country where healthcare is readily available and accessible, then your chances of recovering from illnesses or accidents are very good. But for many people in the US who are uninsured (无保险的), they can’t afford these new medical treatments. That’s why Doctor Demetrio Aguila in Norfolk lets poor patients pay for surgery (外科手术) through volunteer work.
“For years I had been doing surgery for patients and taking care of their health problems. Then I would find out months later, sometimes years later, that I had caused their financial ruin,” Aguila said. Serious illnesses can completely deplete a family’s savings, leaving them no choice but to go bankrupt (破产).
Then he formed Healing Hands M25 as a way to give poor patients the medical fees they need by donating their time to community service. The process is pretty simple. They practice partners with local charitable organizations. The patient picks the charity and donates his time and sweat; Aguila determines the amount of volunteer hours the patient has to complete. “We’ve lowered the cost of healthcare. We’ve made it fair for everybody involved,” Aguila said.
The first patient to participate in the program was Jeffrey Jenson who worked for 560 hours to pay for surgery on his leg. Jenson asked his friends and family to help him complete the hours. Jenson said that his volunteer work greatly affected his life as much as the surgery. “The M25 program is not about money — it’s about if people come together to help other people, then the community becomes better,” said Jenson.
This program is a big win for the patients, the local community, and Dr Aguila who knows he has done everything he could to help his patients.
12. How does Aguila make poor patients pay for surgery?
A. In cash.
B. Through an insurance company.
C. By doing volunteer work.
D. By serving the doctor.
13. What does the underlined word “deplete” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Set aside. B. Use up.
C. Cut down. D. Add to.
14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. What Healing Hands M25 does.
B. How Healing Hands M25 works.
C. Why Aguila runs Healing Hands M25.
D. Why patients choose Healing Hands M25.
15. What is Jenson’s attitude towards the M25 program?
A. Positive. B. Negative.
C. Objective. D. Unconcerned.
五、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Albert Einstein held a small, round instrument with a glass cover and a shaking needle in his palm. 1 Albert’s father called it a compass. Albert called it a mystery. No matter how he moved the compass, the needle always pointed to the north.
Something was in the room with him, Albert realized — something he couldn’t see or feel, but that acted on the compass just the same. Puzzled and attracted, Albert listened to his father explain magnetism (磁力), the strange force that made the compass needle point north. 2 To many children the compass would have been just another toy. To Albert the compass was a miracle he would never forget.
3 Born on March 14, 1879, Albert hadn’t looked like other babies. As she cradled her new son in her arms, Pauline Einstein thought the back of his head looked strange. Was something wrong with Albert? Although the doctor told Pauline everything was fine, several weeks passed before the shape of Albert’s head began to look right to her. When Albert was one, his family moved to Munich, where his sister, Maja, was born a year later. 4 Where were the baby’s wheels? The disappointed two-year-old wanted to know. Albert had expected a baby sister to be something like a toy, and most of his toys had wheels.
At an age when many children have lots to say, Albert seemed strangely backward. The nine-year-old still had trouble putting his thoughts into words.
But Albert was a good listener and a good thinker. When he went hiking with his parents and Maja, he thought about his father’s compass and what it had revealed to him. The clear, open grasslands were filled with more than the wind or the pleasant smell of flowers. 5 The very thought of it quickened his pulse.
A. They were also filled with magnetism.
B. Albert had always been different from other children.
C. The five-year-old stared at his hand as if it held magic.
D. The invisible force makes the compass more than a toy to all.
E. Looking down at the tiny sleeping parcel, Albert was puzzled.
F. Somewhere, the wind, soft and magic, clicked through tree branches.
G. But nothing he said made the invisible power less mysterious or wonderful.
六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Nobel Prize is considered one of the most recognizable and admirable awards possible,
1 people of the world for their outstanding achievements in different fields.
Alfred Nobel was born in 1833 to a family of engineers in Sweden. In 1850, he met Ascanio Sobrero, the inventor of nitroglycerin (硝酸甘油) in Paris. Interested in its irregular 2 of exploding under pressure or heat, Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a 3
explosive (炸药). After years of 4 , in 1867, at the age of 34, Nobel invented dynamite (炸药), which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin.
During his lifetime, Nobel invented and patented various explosives. He 5 his wealth from his 355 inventions, among which dynamite was the most important.
When Alfred’s brother Ludwig died in 1888, a French newspaper 6 published Alfred’s obituary (讣告). Reading his own obituary, Nobel was 7 to find out his public image. Then newspaper strongly 8 Nobel for inventing dynamite, giving him the nickname of “the merchant of death” and saying “Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became 9 by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday.”
To Alfred, this obituary was a(n) 10 . He spent his lifetime alone 11 things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered. This unfortunate event inspired him to make changes in his will, so as to 12 his public image, and to be remembered for a good cause. In 1895, one year before his death, Nobel made the last 13 , saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great 14 to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. To widespread astonishment, Dr. Alfred Nobel 15 94% of his total wealth to found the five Nobel Prizes.
1. A. remembering B. honouring C. crediting D. preparing
2. A. nature B. conduct C. flavour D. benefit
3. A. deadly B. bitter C. usable D. mild
4. A. innovations B. efforts C. hesitation D. association
5. A. brought up B. put up C. broke up D. built up
6. A. mistakenly B. purposefully C. unintentionally D. scientifically
7. A. satisfied B. relieved C. impressed D. disappointed
8. A. praised B. blamed C. appreciated D. favoured
9. A. greedy B. essential C. rich D. sufficient
10. A. error B. warning C. threat D. consequence
11. A. destroying B. inventing C. combining D. stimulating
12. A. improve B. establish C. illustrate D. secure
13. A. request B. illustration C. will D. fortune
14. A. choices B. decisions C. profits D. contributions
15. A. gave away B. gave back C. gave off D. gave out
七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Yu Rong, a Chinese artist, thinks of a new way to introduce 1 ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book. In the book, I Am Hua Mulan, she tells the story by 2 (combine) paper-cutting with international artistic styles. She places Shaanxi paper-cuts over western-style pencil sketches (素描) 3 (create) a typical presentation of Chinese elements (元素), which turns out to be a 4 (success) and impressive breakthrough.
Hua Mulan, 5 story has been told by generations in China, is a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534). As a devoted daughter, she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army 6 place of her father. Mulan’s characteristics, such as courage, kindness and a disinterested attitude toward fame and fortune, made 7 (she) one of the most respected historical Chinese heroines. Mulan’s story has been adapted 8 (frequent) in modern media, including TV shows, video games and literature. For example, in 1998, Disney produced a film named Mulan, which 9 (consider) a great success by critics and the public.
To better tell the story, Yu Rong takes inspiration from her several 10 (visit) to sites of ancient battles and Henan Province’s Yuju Opera. After years of preparation she finally makes this extraordinary work.
八、写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友Jenny来信，让你介绍一位你最崇拜的中国科学家，请你根据下列表格中的内容提示给她写一封回信。
姓名
梁建英
出生年份
1972年
职务
中国高铁总设计师
主要经历
1. 1995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研究工作；
2. 研制出时速300-350千米高速动车组；
3. 2015年获奖。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：高速动车组high-speed EMU
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、1. crucial 2. objective 3. botanical 4. property 5. acknowledged
6. distinct 7. defeat 8. obtained 9. gentle 10. Patent
二、1. gradually 2. conclusion 3. novelist 4. scientific 5. flowing
6. devices 7. encountered 8. apparently 9. politician 10. commitment
三、1. came to power 2. take up 3. sum up 4. wear and tear 5. lead to
四、
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四位杰出且对社会具有影响力的女性：Jane Addams，Rachel Carson，Sandra Day O’Connor和Rosa Parks。
1. A 细节理解题。根据Jane Addams (1860-1935)部分的“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.”可知，Addams通过为有需要的人建立庇护所、促进教育和提供服务来鼓励社区意识，所以Addams在历史上以她的社会工作出名。故选A。
2. C 细节理解题。根据Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)部分的“When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.”可知，O’Connor被律所拒绝的原因是她是一位女性，即出于对妇女的歧视O’Connor被律所拒绝。故选C。
3. C 推理判断题。根据Jane Addams (1860-1935)部分的“In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.”，Rachel Carson (1907-1964)部分的“Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.”，Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)部分的“She became an Arizona state senator and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court.”及Rosa Parks (1913-2005)部分的“It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil rights movement.”可知，这几位女性都是先驱。故选C。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名的女性飞行员——阿梅莉亚·埃尔哈特，简述了她的童年，提到了她学习驾驶飞机的契机，并讲述了她的飞行生涯和最后一次飞行。
4. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Their father was an alcoholic and lost jobs often.”可知，她的父亲是个酒鬼，而且经常失业，所以埃尔哈特的童年不快乐。故选D。
5. A 细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“Then one day she took a 10-minute plane ride and knew what her vocation would be.”和第四段的第一句“After 10 hours of instruction and several crashes, Amelia was ready to fly.”可知，她要“学习开飞机”。故选A。
6. C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“she crossed the Atlantic alone and set a new transatlantic crossing record of 13 hours and 30 minutes.”可知，她独自飞越大西洋并创造了新的纪录，因此而获得了奖章。故选C。
7. A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The girls often recited poetry while doing their chores but also loved sports, including basketball and tennis.”可知，埃尔哈特喜欢背诵诗歌，热爱包括篮球、网球在内的各种运动。由此可推知，她兴趣广泛。故选A。
C篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了海伦塞娅并讲述了她的探险经历。
8. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Accompanied only by her dog Charlie, she survived cold weather and meetings with polar bears. In fact, Charlie saved her life when one of them attacked her.”可知，当北极熊攻击海伦塞娅的时候，是她的狗Charlie救了她。故选C。
9. A 细节理解题。由第三段首句“Helen goes to challenging places not only for adventure, but also for education.”可知她去探险是为了教育。故选A。
10. A 标题概括题。根据第一段的句子“Helen Thayer, one of the greatest explorers of the 20th century, loves challenges.”和全文内容，可知文章介绍的是Helen Thayer是一个爱冒险的女性。故选A。
11. D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的句子“They hope to travel to Sichuan and Tibet in China to study pandas this year.”可知Helen还没有去过四川和西藏。故选D。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由Aguila医生成立的Healing Hands M25项目。该项目帮助患者通过做志愿者工作来支付手术费用。
12. C 细节理解题。根据第一段的“That’s why Doctor Demetrio Aguila in Norfolk lets poor patients pay for surgery (外科手术) through volunteer work.”可知，Aguila让贫困患者通过做志愿者工作来支付手术费用。故选C。
13. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“leaving them no choice but to go bankrupt”可知，一个家庭之所以破产是因为严重的疾病会完全耗尽他们所有的积蓄，故deplete意为“耗尽”。故选B。
14. B 段落大意题。根据第三段的内容可知，本段主要讲述了Healing Hands M25这一项目是如何运行的。故选B。
15. A 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段Jenson所说的话可知，Jenson对Healing Hands M25这个项目持肯定态度。故选A。
五、
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的与众不同之处。
1. C 上文讲“阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦手里拿着一个小而圆的仪器，有一个玻璃罩，手掌上握着一根摇晃的针。”下文讲“阿尔伯特的父亲称它为指南针，阿尔伯特称它为一个谜。无论他怎样移动罗盘，指针总是指向北方。”由上下文语境可知，空处应是在说明阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦对手里这个东西的看法。故C选项“这个五岁的孩子盯着他的手，好像手上有魔法”符合语境。故选C。
2. G 上文讲“阿尔伯特既迷惑又被吸引，他听父亲解释磁力——使指南针指针指向北方的奇特力量。”下文讲“对许多孩子来说，指南针只是另一个玩具。对阿尔伯特来说，指南针是他永远不会忘记的奇迹。”根据上下文语境可知，空处与上文构成转折，指出虽然父亲解释了其中的原理，但阿尔伯特仍然觉得很神奇。故G选项“但是他所说的一切都没有减少这种无形的力量的神秘和奇妙”符合语境。故选G。
3. B 下文讲“阿尔伯特出生于1879年3月14日，他和其他婴儿不一样。当波琳·爱因斯坦把她刚出生的儿子抱在怀里时，她觉得他的后脑勺看起来很奇怪。”由此可知，本段旨在说明阿尔伯特和别的孩子不一样，B选项“Albert had always been different from other children.”对应下文“Albert hadn’t looked like other babies.”且能统领该段，符合语境。故选B。
4. E 上文讲“阿尔伯特一岁的时候。他的家人搬到了慕尼黑，一年后他的妹妹Maja在那儿出生。”下文讲“婴儿的轮子在哪里？”由上下文可知，空处应是在说明阿尔伯特对婴儿的迷惑不解，故E选项“阿尔伯特低头看着襁褓中熟睡的小婴儿，感到迷惑不解”符合语境。故选E。
5. A 上文讲“当他与父母和Maja一起去徒步旅行时，他想到了父亲的指南针，以及它给他揭示的东西。清新开阔的草原上，充满了风和花香。”根据上下文语境可知，空处应照应上文，继续说明上文提到的这些事物对阿尔伯特的影响，A选项中they指代上文的“grasslands”。故A选项“它们也充满了吸引力”符合语境。故选A。
六、
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了诺贝尔的一生以及诺贝尔奖的由来。
1. B 考查动词词义辨析。根据最后一段中的“Nobel made the last 13 , saying ... and peace.”可知，诺贝尔奖是用来表彰（honouring）这些杰出的人。故选B。
2. A 考查名词词义辨析。根据空后的“exploding under pressure or heat”可知，这是硝酸甘油的性质（nature）。故选A。
3. C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文的“in 1867, the age of 34, Nobel invented dynamite , which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin”可知，诺贝尔想发明一种可使用的（usable）炸药。故选C。
4. B 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a
3 explosive.”可知，诺贝尔是开始寻找一种方法来控制它，并制造一种可用的炸药。所以他是在为制造炸药而努力（efforts）。故选B。
5. D 考查动词短语词义辨析。根据空后的“his wealth”可知，空处指的是积累（built up）财富。故选D。
6. A 考查副词词义辨析。根据上文“When Alfred’s brother Ludwig died in 1888”可知，是诺贝尔的弟弟过世而不是诺贝尔过世，所以报纸是刊登错了（mistakenly）。故选A。
7. D 考查形容词词义辨析。通过下文“Then newspaper strongly 8 Nobel for inventing dynamite, giving him the nickname of ‘the merchant of death’ and saying ‘Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became 9 by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday.’”可知，媒体对诺贝尔的评价很糟糕，所以诺贝尔读着自己的讣告时，是感到失望的（disappointed）。故选D。
8. B 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“giving him the nickname of ‘the merchant of death’”可知，报纸是谴责（blamed）诺贝尔的发明。故选B。
9. C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“He 5 his wealth from his 355 inventions, among which dynamite was the most important.”可知，诺贝尔通过发明炸药而变得富有（rich）。故选C。
10. B 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“He spent his lifetime alone 11 things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered.”可知，诺贝尔很关心自己的公众形象，所以对他而言这次讣告是个警告（warning）。故选B。
11. B 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“During his lifetime, Nobel invented and patented various explosives.”可知，他一生都在发明（inventing）东西。故选B。
12. A 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“He spent his lifetime alone 11 things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered.”可知，他很在意自己的形象，所以当他看到报纸对他的指责时，他想做的是提升（improve）自己的公众形象。故选A。
13. C 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great 14 to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace”可知，他在去世前一年应该是立了遗嘱（will）。故选C。
14. D 考查名词词义辨析。根据第一段“The Nobel Prize is considered one of the most recognizable and admirable awards possible, 1 people of the world for their outstanding achievements in different fields.”可知，表彰的是那些有突出贡献（contributions）的人。故选D。
15. A 考查动词短语词义辨析。根据上文“saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great 14 to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace”可知，诺贝尔捐赠了（gave away）大多数财产。故选A。
七、
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位中国艺术家余荣用一种新的方式介绍《花木兰》的故事。
1. the 考查冠词。特指用定冠词the，此处特指中国古老的故事。故填the。
2. combining 考查动名词。介词by后跟动名词作宾语。故填combining。
3. to create 考查不定式。作目的状语用不定式。故填to create。
4. successful 考查形容词。修饰名词作定语，用形容词。故填successful。
5. whose 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为人，在非限制性定语从句中作定语，所以用whose引导。故填whose。
6. in 考查固定搭配。in place of代替。为固定搭配。故填in。
7. her 考查人称代词。she在这里指Hua Mulan，作宾语，应用其宾格形式。故填her。
8. frequently 考查副词。修饰动词用副词。故填frequently。
9. was considered 考查主谓一致和动词的时态语态。句子主语which和consider之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，时间是1998年，所以用一般过去时态的被动语态。故填was considered。
10. visits 考查名词的数。visit为可数名词，前面有several，所以用复数。故填visits。
八、
Dear Jenny,
The Chinese scientist I admire most is Liang Jianying, general designer of the China high-speed EMU.
Liang Jianying was born in 1972. Since she graduated from university in 1995, she has been devoting all her time to researching into the development of the China high-speed railway. Afterwards, she invented the 300-350 km/h high-speed EMU, making it more convenient for us to get around quickly. It is because of her outstanding contributions to our country that China is playing a leading role in high-speed railways all over the world. As a consequence, she was awarded in 2015.
Liang Jianying has set a good example for us. From her, I realize that we should keep on trying until we realize our dreams.
Yours,
Li Hua
Unit 1 People of Achievement 单元测试卷
（考试时间：100分钟 分值：100分）
班级：_________ 姓名：__________ 得分：__________
一、 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. As is known to all, talent and hard work are both __________ (至关重要的) to career success.
2. It is necessary for us to have an __________ (客观的) attitude towards life.
3. I want to relax myself completely, so I am going to the __________ (植物的) garden with my parents.
4. As a matter of fact, happiness doesn’t lie in how much __________ (财产) you own.
5. It is widely __________ (承认) that he is the best player in the world.
6. Rock music is quite __________ (有区别的) from North American jazz or blues.
7. So long as we can __________ (击败) the other team, we’ll become the champion of course.
8. The hospital has recently __________ (获得) new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated.
9. He looks scary but he’s really a __________ (温柔的) giant.
10. The trademark is registered on the book of the __________ (专利) Office.
二、 单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. First of all, volunteering can help us to learn more about society __________ (gradual).
2. In _________ (conclude), parents have to change some of their beliefs about how children should be raised.
3. The key to success as a romantic __________ (novel) is absolute belief in your story.
4. Viewing childhood development as a ____________ (science) investigation throws light on how children learn.
5. We must value the good time which passes swiftly like __________ (flow) water.
6. She has bought some electronic __________ (device) that protect her vehicle 24 hours a day.
7. Lisa was the most remarkable woman he had ever __________ (encounter).
8. She __________ (apparent) took pains to convince him that she had adopted the right system.
9. The __________ (politics) is going to meet with people to talk about matters of common concern.
10. Susan doesn’t want to make a big emotional __________ (commit) to Steve at the moment.
三、完成句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1. 新统治者掌权后，他与以前的所有敌人和解了。
When the new ruler _______________, he made peace with all his former enemies.
2. 史密斯先生放弃了教学工作，在艺术委员会任职。
Mr. Smith left a career in teaching to _______________ a position with the Arts Council.
3. 老师让我们用三句话总结这一课的要点。
The teacher asked us to _______________ the main point of the lesson in three sentences.
4. 除了正常的磨损外，这辆汽车的状况很好。
Apart from fair _______________, the car is in excellent condition.
5. 新系统可能更经济，但会导致方案质量下降。
The new system may be more economic but will _______________ a decline in programme quality.
四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams (1860-1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson (1907-1964)
If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)
When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the Supreme Court of the United States. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 25 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks (1913-2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott (抵制). It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.
1. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?
A. Her social work. B. Her teaching skills.
C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background.
2. What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?
A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court.
C. The discrimination against women. D. The poor financial conditions.
3. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?
A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.
C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.
B
Amelia Earhart was born on July 24, 1897, in Atchison, Kansas. She was the elder of Edwin Stanton and Amy Otis Earhart’s two daughters. Childhood was not happy for the two bright sisters. Their father was an alcoholic (酒鬼) and lost jobs often. The family traveled a great deal.
The girls often recited poetry while doing their chores but also loved sports, including basketball and tennis. Their parents encouraged them to try new things.
During the war Amelia worked as a military nurse in Canada and later she became a social worker and taught English to immigrant children. Besides work, Amelia had one hobby. She enjoyed watching airplane stunt (特技) shows, which were popular in the 1920s. Then one day she took a 10-minute plane ride and knew what her vocation would be.
After 10 hours of instruction and several crashes, Amelia was ready to fly. She made her first solo flight in 1921. The flight went well. Till 1928, flying was only her hobby. This changed when Amelia received a call from Captain Hilton H Railey. He asked her to join pilots Wilmer Stultz and Louis Gordon on a flight from the United States to England.
Though Amelia was just a passenger, she became the first woman to cross the Atlantic. After this, Amelia got great publicity. In May 1932, she crossed the Atlantic alone and set a new transatlantic crossing record of 13 hours and 30 minutes. She received a medal from American President Herbert Hoover for this. Several years later, she became the first woman to fly from California to Hawaii, which was a difficult route.
Amelia’s last flight began in June 1937. She and navigator Fred Noonan set out to fly around the world. They were in a twin-engine plane. The two of them took off from Miami in America to South America. Then they crossed the South Atlantic Ocean to Dakar in Africa. From there to Thailand to Australia.
However, after they left Lae in New Guinea for Howland Island, the American coast guard lost contact with the plane. Despite an extensive search, the American Navy never found a trace of either the plane or the aviators. Their disappearance is still a mystery.
4. Why did Earhart have an unhappy childhood?
A. Because the family traveled a great deal.
B. Because she had to do some housework.
C. Because she was the elder of the two daughters.
D. Because her father was often drunk and out of work.
5. What did Earhart decide to do?
A. She would learn to fly a plane.
B. She would buy an airplane herself.
C. She would watch airplane stunt shows.
D. She would teach English to immigrant children.
6. Why was Earhart given a medal from American President?
A. She was the first woman to cross the Atlantic.
B. She was the first pilot to cross the Atlantic alone.
C. She crossed the Atlantic alone and set a new record.
D. She was the first woman to fly around the world.
7. What can we infer about Earhart from the passage?
A. She had many kinds of interests.
B. Her parents wanted her to be a poet.
C. Her wish was to become a nurse.
D. Her parents didn’t let her do any housework.
C
Helen Thayer, one of the greatest explorers of the 20th century, loves challenges. She says, “I like to see what’s on the other side of the hill.” She has gone almost everywhere to do that.
In 1988, at the age of 50, she became the first woman to travel alone to the North Pole. She pulled her own sled piled with 160 pounds of supplies, and during her trip no one brought her fresh supplies. Accompanied only by her dog Charlie, she survived cold weather and meetings with polar bears. In fact, Charlie saved her life when one of them attacked her. Near the end of her trip, a forceful wind blew away the majority of her supplies. The last week of the trip, she survived on a handful of nuts and a little water each day.
Helen goes to challenging places not only for adventure, but also for education. Before her Arctic journey, she started a website called Adventure Classroom. On the site, she shares her adventures in order to motivate (激发) students. She explains, “Although kids often see the world in a negative way, without hope for their future, we work to inspire them to set goals, plan for success and never give up...”
Helen grew up in New Zealand. Her parents were athletes and mountain climbers. Following her parents’ example, she climbed her first mountain at 9. Later, she climbed the highest mountains in North and South America, the former USSR and New Zealand.
In 1996, she took on another challenge — the Sahara Desert. She and her husband, Bill, walked 2,400 miles across it! In 2001, she and Bill traveled on foot from west to east through the Gobi Desert in Mongolia. They hope to travel to Sichuan and Tibet in China to study pandas this year.
Helen plans to continue taking trips. She’ll use her explorations, writing, photography and environmental work to create programs for her Adventure Classroom website. She wants to inspire her students never to stop facing challenges!
8. What can we learn from paragraph 2?
A. Helen Thayer is the first person to reach the North Pole.
B. Helen Thayer ate nothing during the last week of her trip.
C. Charlie prevented Helen being attacked by polar bears.
D. Helen Thayer traveled to the North Pole together with her husband.
9. Why does Helen travel to different places worldwide?
A. For education. B. For fun.
C. For money. D. For fame.
10. Which is the best title for the text?
A. The Woman Who Loves Adventure. B. A Famous Woman.
C. A Woman Mountain Climber. D. The Owner of Adventure Classroom.
11. Which of the following places has Helen not visited yet?
A. The North Pole. B. The Sahara Desert.
C. The Gobi Desert. D. Sichuan and Tibet.
D
Modern medicine and the latest technology can save many lives. If you live in a country where healthcare is readily available and accessible, then your chances of recovering from illnesses or accidents are very good. But for many people in the US who are uninsured (无保险的), they can’t afford these new medical treatments. That’s why Doctor Demetrio Aguila in Norfolk lets poor patients pay for surgery (外科手术) through volunteer work.
“For years I had been doing surgery for patients and taking care of their health problems. Then I would find out months later, sometimes years later, that I had caused their financial ruin,” Aguila said. Serious illnesses can completely deplete a family’s savings, leaving them no choice but to go bankrupt (破产).
Then he formed Healing Hands M25 as a way to give poor patients the medical fees they need by donating their time to community service. The process is pretty simple. They practice partners with local charitable organizations. The patient picks the charity and donates his time and sweat; Aguila determines the amount of volunteer hours the patient has to complete. “We’ve lowered the cost of healthcare. We’ve made it fair for everybody involved,” Aguila said.
The first patient to participate in the program was Jeffrey Jenson who worked for 560 hours to pay for surgery on his leg. Jenson asked his friends and family to help him complete the hours. Jenson said that his volunteer work greatly affected his life as much as the surgery. “The M25 program is not about money — it’s about if people come together to help other people, then the community becomes better,” said Jenson.
This program is a big win for the patients, the local community, and Dr Aguila who knows he has done everything he could to help his patients.
12. How does Aguila make poor patients pay for surgery?
A. In cash.
B. Through an insurance company.
C. By doing volunteer work.
D. By serving the doctor.
13. What does the underlined word “deplete” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Set aside. B. Use up.
C. Cut down. D. Add to.
14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. What Healing Hands M25 does.
B. How Healing Hands M25 works.
C. Why Aguila runs Healing Hands M25.
D. Why patients choose Healing Hands M25.
15. What is Jenson’s attitude towards the M25 program?
A. Positive. B. Negative.
C. Objective. D. Unconcerned.
五、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Albert Einstein held a small, round instrument with a glass cover and a shaking needle in his palm. 1 Albert’s father called it a compass. Albert called it a mystery. No matter how he moved the compass, the needle always pointed to the north.
Something was in the room with him, Albert realized — something he couldn’t see or feel, but that acted on the compass just the same. Puzzled and attracted, Albert listened to his father explain magnetism (磁力), the strange force that made the compass needle point north. 2 To many children the compass would have been just another toy. To Albert the compass was a miracle he would never forget.
3 Born on March 14, 1879, Albert hadn’t looked like other babies. As she cradled her new son in her arms, Pauline Einstein thought the back of his head looked strange. Was something wrong with Albert? Although the doctor told Pauline everything was fine, several weeks passed before the shape of Albert’s head began to look right to her. When Albert was one, his family moved to Munich, where his sister, Maja, was born a year later. 4 Where were the baby’s wheels? The disappointed two-year-old wanted to know. Albert had expected a baby sister to be something like a toy, and most of his toys had wheels.
At an age when many children have lots to say, Albert seemed strangely backward. The nine-year-old still had trouble putting his thoughts into words.
But Albert was a good listener and a good thinker. When he went hiking with his parents and Maja, he thought about his father’s compass and what it had revealed to him. The clear, open grasslands were filled with more than the wind or the pleasant smell of flowers. 5 The very thought of it quickened his pulse.
A. They were also filled with magnetism.
B. Albert had always been different from other children.
C. The five-year-old stared at his hand as if it held magic.
D. The invisible force makes the compass more than a toy to all.
E. Looking down at the tiny sleeping parcel, Albert was puzzled.
F. Somewhere, the wind, soft and magic, clicked through tree branches.
G. But nothing he said made the invisible power less mysterious or wonderful.
六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Nobel Prize is considered one of the most recognizable and admirable awards possible,
1 people of the world for their outstanding achievements in different fields.
Alfred Nobel was born in 1833 to a family of engineers in Sweden. In 1850, he met Ascanio Sobrero, the inventor of nitroglycerin (硝酸甘油) in Paris. Interested in its irregular 2 of exploding under pressure or heat, Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a 3
explosive (炸药). After years of 4 , in 1867, at the age of 34, Nobel invented dynamite (炸药), which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin.
During his lifetime, Nobel invented and patented various explosives. He 5 his wealth from his 355 inventions, among which dynamite was the most important.
When Alfred’s brother Ludwig died in 1888, a French newspaper 6 published Alfred’s obituary (讣告). Reading his own obituary, Nobel was 7 to find out his public image. Then newspaper strongly 8 Nobel for inventing dynamite, giving him the nickname of “the merchant of death” and saying “Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became 9 by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday.”
To Alfred, this obituary was a(n) 10 . He spent his lifetime alone 11 things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered. This unfortunate event inspired him to make changes in his will, so as to 12 his public image, and to be remembered for a good cause. In 1895, one year before his death, Nobel made the last 13 , saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great 14 to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. To widespread astonishment, Dr. Alfred Nobel 15 94% of his total wealth to found the five Nobel Prizes.
1. A. remembering B. honouring C. crediting D. preparing
2. A. nature B. conduct C. flavour D. benefit
3. A. deadly B. bitter C. usable D. mild
4. A. innovations B. efforts C. hesitation D. association
5. A. brought up B. put up C. broke up D. built up
6. A. mistakenly B. purposefully C. unintentionally D. scientifically
7. A. satisfied B. relieved C. impressed D. disappointed
8. A. praised B. blamed C. appreciated D. favoured
9. A. greedy B. essential C. rich D. sufficient
10. A. error B. warning C. threat D. consequence
11. A. destroying B. inventing C. combining D. stimulating
12. A. improve B. establish C. illustrate D. secure
13. A. request B. illustration C. will D. fortune
14. A. choices B. decisions C. profits D. contributions
15. A. gave away B. gave back C. gave off D. gave out
七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Yu Rong, a Chinese artist, thinks of a new way to introduce 1 ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book. In the book, I Am Hua Mulan, she tells the story by 2 (combine) paper-cutting with international artistic styles. She places Shaanxi paper-cuts over western-style pencil sketches (素描) 3 (create) a typical presentation of Chinese elements (元素), which turns out to be a 4 (success) and impressive breakthrough.
Hua Mulan, 5 story has been told by generations in China, is a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534). As a devoted daughter, she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army 6 place of her father. Mulan’s characteristics, such as courage, kindness and a disinterested attitude toward fame and fortune, made 7 (she) one of the most respected historical Chinese heroines. Mulan’s story has been adapted 8 (frequent) in modern media, including TV shows, video games and literature. For example, in 1998, Disney produced a film named Mulan, which 9 (consider) a great success by critics and the public.
To better tell the story, Yu Rong takes inspiration from her several 10 (visit) to sites of ancient battles and Henan Province’s Yuju Opera. After years of preparation she finally makes this extraordinary work.
八、写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友Jenny来信，让你介绍一位你最崇拜的中国科学家，请你根据下列表格中的内容提示给她写一封回信。
姓名
梁建英
出生年份
1972年
职务
中国高铁总设计师
主要经历
1. 1995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研究工作；
2. 研制出时速300-350千米高速动车组；
3. 2015年获奖。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：高速动车组high-speed EMU
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、1. crucial 2. objective 3. botanical 4. property 5. acknowledged
6. distinct 7. defeat 8. obtained 9. gentle 10. Patent
二、1. gradually 2. conclusion 3. novelist 4. scientific 5. flowing
6. devices 7. encountered 8. apparently 9. politician 10. commitment
三、1. came to power 2. take up 3. sum up 4. wear and tear 5. lead to
四、
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四位杰出且对社会具有影响力的女性：Jane Addams，Rachel Carson，Sandra Day O’Connor和Rosa Parks。
1. A 细节理解题。根据Jane Addams (1860-1935)部分的“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.”可知，Addams通过为有需要的人建立庇护所、促进教育和提供服务来鼓励社区意识，所以Addams在历史上以她的社会工作出名。故选A。
2. C 细节理解题。根据Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)部分的“When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.”可知，O’Connor被律所拒绝的原因是她是一位女性，即出于对妇女的歧视O’Connor被律所拒绝。故选C。
3. C 推理判断题。根据Jane Addams (1860-1935)部分的“In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.”，Rachel Carson (1907-1964)部分的“Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.”，Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)部分的“She became an Arizona state senator and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court.”及Rosa Parks (1913-2005)部分的“It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil rights movement.”可知，这几位女性都是先驱。故选C。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名的女性飞行员——阿梅莉亚·埃尔哈特，简述了她的童年，提到了她学习驾驶飞机的契机，并讲述了她的飞行生涯和最后一次飞行。
4. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Their father was an alcoholic and lost jobs often.”可知，她的父亲是个酒鬼，而且经常失业，所以埃尔哈特的童年不快乐。故选D。
5. A 细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“Then one day she took a 10-minute plane ride and knew what her vocation would be.”和第四段的第一句“After 10 hours of instruction and several crashes, Amelia was ready to fly.”可知，她要“学习开飞机”。故选A。
6. C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“she crossed the Atlantic alone and set a new transatlantic crossing record of 13 hours and 30 minutes.”可知，她独自飞越大西洋并创造了新的纪录，因此而获得了奖章。故选C。
7. A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The girls often recited poetry while doing their chores but also loved sports, including basketball and tennis.”可知，埃尔哈特喜欢背诵诗歌，热爱包括篮球、网球在内的各种运动。由此可推知，她兴趣广泛。故选A。
C篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了海伦塞娅并讲述了她的探险经历。
8. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Accompanied only by her dog Charlie, she survived cold weather and meetings with polar bears. In fact, Charlie saved her life when one of them attacked her.”可知，当北极熊攻击海伦塞娅的时候，是她的狗Charlie救了她。故选C。
9. A 细节理解题。由第三段首句“Helen goes to challenging places not only for adventure, but also for education.”可知她去探险是为了教育。故选A。
10. A 标题概括题。根据第一段的句子“Helen Thayer, one of the greatest explorers of the 20th century, loves challenges.”和全文内容，可知文章介绍的是Helen Thayer是一个爱冒险的女性。故选A。
11. D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的句子“They hope to travel to Sichuan and Tibet in China to study pandas this year.”可知Helen还没有去过四川和西藏。故选D。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由Aguila医生成立的Healing Hands M25项目。该项目帮助患者通过做志愿者工作来支付手术费用。
12. C 细节理解题。根据第一段的“That’s why Doctor Demetrio Aguila in Norfolk lets poor patients pay for surgery (外科手术) through volunteer work.”可知，Aguila让贫困患者通过做志愿者工作来支付手术费用。故选C。
13. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“leaving them no choice but to go bankrupt”可知，一个家庭之所以破产是因为严重的疾病会完全耗尽他们所有的积蓄，故deplete意为“耗尽”。故选B。
14. B 段落大意题。根据第三段的内容可知，本段主要讲述了Healing Hands M25这一项目是如何运行的。故选B。
15. A 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段Jenson所说的话可知，Jenson对Healing Hands M25这个项目持肯定态度。故选A。
五、
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的与众不同之处。
1. C 上文讲“阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦手里拿着一个小而圆的仪器，有一个玻璃罩，手掌上握着一根摇晃的针。”下文讲“阿尔伯特的父亲称它为指南针，阿尔伯特称它为一个谜。无论他怎样移动罗盘，指针总是指向北方。”由上下文语境可知，空处应是在说明阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦对手里这个东西的看法。故C选项“这个五岁的孩子盯着他的手，好像手上有魔法”符合语境。故选C。
2. G 上文讲“阿尔伯特既迷惑又被吸引，他听父亲解释磁力——使指南针指针指向北方的奇特力量。”下文讲“对许多孩子来说，指南针只是另一个玩具。对阿尔伯特来说，指南针是他永远不会忘记的奇迹。”根据上下文语境可知，空处与上文构成转折，指出虽然父亲解释了其中的原理，但阿尔伯特仍然觉得很神奇。故G选项“但是他所说的一切都没有减少这种无形的力量的神秘和奇妙”符合语境。故选G。
3. B 下文讲“阿尔伯特出生于1879年3月14日，他和其他婴儿不一样。当波琳·爱因斯坦把她刚出生的儿子抱在怀里时，她觉得他的后脑勺看起来很奇怪。”由此可知，本段旨在说明阿尔伯特和别的孩子不一样，B选项“Albert had always been different from other children.”对应下文“Albert hadn’t looked like other babies.”且能统领该段，符合语境。故选B。
4. E 上文讲“阿尔伯特一岁的时候。他的家人搬到了慕尼黑，一年后他的妹妹Maja在那儿出生。”下文讲“婴儿的轮子在哪里？”由上下文可知，空处应是在说明阿尔伯特对婴儿的迷惑不解，故E选项“阿尔伯特低头看着襁褓中熟睡的小婴儿，感到迷惑不解”符合语境。故选E。
5. A 上文讲“当他与父母和Maja一起去徒步旅行时，他想到了父亲的指南针，以及它给他揭示的东西。清新开阔的草原上，充满了风和花香。”根据上下文语境可知，空处应照应上文，继续说明上文提到的这些事物对阿尔伯特的影响，A选项中they指代上文的“grasslands”。故A选项“它们也充满了吸引力”符合语境。故选A。
六、
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了诺贝尔的一生以及诺贝尔奖的由来。
1. B 考查动词词义辨析。根据最后一段中的“Nobel made the last 13 , saying ... and peace.”可知，诺贝尔奖是用来表彰（honouring）这些杰出的人。故选B。
2. A 考查名词词义辨析。根据空后的“exploding under pressure or heat”可知，这是硝酸甘油的性质（nature）。故选A。
3. C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文的“in 1867, the age of 34, Nobel invented dynamite , which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin”可知，诺贝尔想发明一种可使用的（usable）炸药。故选C。
4. B 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a
3 explosive.”可知，诺贝尔是开始寻找一种方法来控制它，并制造一种可用的炸药。所以他是在为制造炸药而努力（efforts）。故选B。
5. D 考查动词短语词义辨析。根据空后的“his wealth”可知，空处指的是积累（built up）财富。故选D。
6. A 考查副词词义辨析。根据上文“When Alfred’s brother Ludwig died in 1888”可知，是诺贝尔的弟弟过世而不是诺贝尔过世，所以报纸是刊登错了（mistakenly）。故选A。
7. D 考查形容词词义辨析。通过下文“Then newspaper strongly 8 Nobel for inventing dynamite, giving him the nickname of ‘the merchant of death’ and saying ‘Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became 9 by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday.’”可知，媒体对诺贝尔的评价很糟糕，所以诺贝尔读着自己的讣告时，是感到失望的（disappointed）。故选D。
8. B 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“giving him the nickname of ‘the merchant of death’”可知，报纸是谴责（blamed）诺贝尔的发明。故选B。
9. C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“He 5 his wealth from his 355 inventions, among which dynamite was the most important.”可知，诺贝尔通过发明炸药而变得富有（rich）。故选C。
10. B 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“He spent his lifetime alone 11 things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered.”可知，诺贝尔很关心自己的公众形象，所以对他而言这次讣告是个警告（warning）。故选B。
11. B 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“During his lifetime, Nobel invented and patented various explosives.”可知，他一生都在发明（inventing）东西。故选B。
12. A 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“He spent his lifetime alone 11 things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered.”可知，他很在意自己的形象，所以当他看到报纸对他的指责时，他想做的是提升（improve）自己的公众形象。故选A。
13. C 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great 14 to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace”可知，他在去世前一年应该是立了遗嘱（will）。故选C。
14. D 考查名词词义辨析。根据第一段“The Nobel Prize is considered one of the most recognizable and admirable awards possible, 1 people of the world for their outstanding achievements in different fields.”可知，表彰的是那些有突出贡献（contributions）的人。故选D。
15. A 考查动词短语词义辨析。根据上文“saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great 14 to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace”可知，诺贝尔捐赠了（gave away）大多数财产。故选A。
七、
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位中国艺术家余荣用一种新的方式介绍《花木兰》的故事。
1. the 考查冠词。特指用定冠词the，此处特指中国古老的故事。故填the。
2. combining 考查动名词。介词by后跟动名词作宾语。故填combining。
3. to create 考查不定式。作目的状语用不定式。故填to create。
4. successful 考查形容词。修饰名词作定语，用形容词。故填successful。
5. whose 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为人，在非限制性定语从句中作定语，所以用whose引导。故填whose。
6. in 考查固定搭配。in place of代替。为固定搭配。故填in。
7. her 考查人称代词。she在这里指Hua Mulan，作宾语，应用其宾格形式。故填her。
8. frequently 考查副词。修饰动词用副词。故填frequently。
9. was considered 考查主谓一致和动词的时态语态。句子主语which和consider之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，时间是1998年，所以用一般过去时态的被动语态。故填was considered。
10. visits 考查名词的数。visit为可数名词，前面有several，所以用复数。故填visits。
八、
Dear Jenny,
The Chinese scientist I admire most is Liang Jianying, general designer of the China high-speed EMU.
Liang Jianying was born in 1972. Since she graduated from university in 1995, she has been devoting all her time to researching into the development of the China high-speed railway. Afterwards, she invented the 300-350 km/h high-speed EMU, making it more convenient for us to get around quickly. It is because of her outstanding contributions to our country that China is playing a leading role in high-speed railways all over the world. As a consequence, she was awarded in 2015.
Liang Jianying has set a good example for us. From her, I realize that we should keep on trying until we realize our dreams.
Yours,
Li Hua
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