人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land图文课件ppt

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land图文课件ppt，共31页。
Learning bjectives
By the end f this sectin, yu will be able t:1. predict the main idea f a text based n its title and picture;2. grasp the features f the text, like its structure and language;3. write abut yur pinins n rganic farming r chemical farming;4. cperate with grup mates actively thrugh checking yurwritings tgether.
Let’s lk at these pictures.
Let’s predict the main idea f this text based n its title and picture.
Where?What?Why?...
Let’s skim the text, checking yur predictin and explaining the meaning f chemical farming and rganic farming.
Chemical farming is farming using chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers.
Organic farming is farming withut using any chemicals.
Read the text, and then answer the questins n page 56.
1. Why did many farmers welcme the intrductin f chemical farming?2. What cncerns many peple abut the use f pesticides?3. What is ne prblem with the use f chemical fertilisers?4. Hw is rganic farming different frm chemical farming?5. Why d rganic farmers change the kind f crp grwn in a field every year?6. What is the gal f using rganic farming methds? D yu think it can be reached? Why r why nt?
1. Why did many farmers welcme the intrductin f chemical farming?
Many farmers welcmed them as a great way t fight crp diseases and increase prductin.
2. What cncerns many peple abut the use f pesticides?
Their lng-term use can smetimes harm bth the land and peple’s health.
3. What is ne prblem with the use f chemical fertilisers?
Crps grwn with them usually grw t fast t be rich in nutritin.
4. Hw is rganic farming different frm chemical farming?
Organic farming is simply farming withut using any chemicals. Organic farmers fcus n keeping their sil rich and free f diseases thrugh natural means.
5. Why d rganic farmers change the kind f crp grwn in a field every year?
Different crps are grwn because they put imprtant minerals back int the grund, making it ready fr the next batch f crps.
6. What is the gal f using rganic farming methds? D yu think it can be reached? Why r why nt?
The gal f using rganic farming methds is t grw gd fd while aviding damage t the envirnment r t peple’s health. Yes, I think this gal can be reached. Farmers wrked fr centuries withut using any kinds f chemicals and withut harming the envirnment, and the fd they prduced was just fine.
Match the main ideas (A-D) belw with the paragraphs. Then cmplete the sentences in the table.
A. What rganic farming isB. Why man-made chemicals are still used in farming C. Organic methds fr prducing rich sil D. The prblems with chemical farming
bacteria and insects
prhibited; damage they cause
grw t fast; nutritin
natural waste frm animals
change the kind f crp; every year
different depths
demand fr fd arund the wrld
Read the text again and cmplete the table belw with the help f the signpsts in it.
Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread use in farming since the middle f the 20th century. When they were first intrduced, many farmers welcmed them as a great way t fight crp disease and increase prductin. Over time, hwever, what sme scientists have fund is that their lng-term use can smetimes harm bth the land and peples’ health.
Fr example, pesticides can damage the land by killing nt nly harmful bacteria and insects, but als helpful nes. In additin, these chemicals can stay in the sil and undergrund water surces fr a lng time. This affects the crps grwn n the land and, in turn, the animals and humans wh digest them. Many peple wrry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer. In fact, sme pesticides like DDT have been prhibited in mst cuntries because f the damage they cause t peple and the envirnment. As fr chemical fertilisers, crps grwn with them usually grw t fast t be rich in nutritin. They may lk beautiful n the utside, but inside there is usually mre water than essential minerals, and they ften have less flavur as well.
As an alternative, sme farmers have switched t rganic farming, and many custmers have turned t rganic fd when they shp at the lcal grcery. Organic farming is simply farming withut using any chemicals. Organic farmers fcus n keeping their sil rich and free f disease thrugh natural means. Fr example, many rganic farmers use natural waste frm animals as fertiliser. This makes the sil in their fields richer in minerals. It als keeps the air, sil, water, and crps free f chemicals.
Organic farmers als use many ther methds t prduce rich sil. They ften change the kind f crp grwn in each field every year. Fr instance, they may grw crn r wheat in a field ne year, and then grw beans there the next. Why different crps are grwn is because they put imprtant minerals back int the grund, making it ready fr the next batch f crps. Organic farmers als plant diverse crps that use different depths f sil t help keep it rich. Fr example, peanuts grw n the grund’s surface, but many ther vegetables put dwn deep rts. The gal f using different rganic farming methds is t grw gd fd while aviding damage t the envirnment r t peple’s health.
smething ffering the pssibility f different chices
Sme peple wuld prefer t stp the use f man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely. What keeps them frm ding s is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand fr fd arund the wrld. Organic farming is nwhere near able t meet that need. Therefre, there is still a lng way t find a suitable slutin that puts sufficient fd n the dinner table while keeping peple and the envirnment as healthy as pssible.
fight crp disease and increase prductin (serve the high demand fr fd arund the wrld)
smetimes harm bth the land and peple’s health crps are nt rich in nutritin and have less favr
switch t rganic farming
keep sil rich and free frm disease thrugh natural means
unable t serve the high demand fr fd arund the wrld
There is still a lng way t find a suitable slutin.
Let’s categrize signpsts.
Signpsts1. Adding mre infrmatin:2. Illustrating:3. Stating a cnclusin:4. Cntrasting:5. Sequencing:6. Emphasizing:7. Intrducing a new tpic/thing:
..., but als; ... and ... as well; In additin, ...; Mrever ...
Fr example ... ; Fr instance...
Therefre, ... ; Hence ... ; In cnclusin, ...
..., but ... ; ..., hwever, ... ; nevertheless ...
In turn, ...
In fact, ...
As fr ... ; As an alternative, ...
Discuss these questins in grups.
• Is the authr f the passage fr r against rganic farming? Hw d yu knw?• What ther disadvantages f chemical farming did the authr nt list?• Hw might the fllwing items be prblems and hw imprtant are they frrganic farming? • What ther disadvantages f rganic farming can yu think f?
natural animal waste used as fertiliserhigher cst f prducing fdgreater effrt required t farm
Let’s analyze the utline belw.
bdyargument / tpic sentencessupprting details
Decide whether yur grup supprts chemical farming r rganic farming. Cme up with three main pints t supprt yur pinin, and then add at least ne detail t supprt each main pint. Cmplete the utline belw.
Use yur utline t write a shrt essay giving yur pinin n the tpic.
Exchange yur draft with a partner.
1. Use this checklist t help yu review yur partnerʼs draft.Des the writer d a gd jb f expressing his/her pinin?Des each paragraph have ne main idea?Des each paragraph have at least ne detail t supprt its main idea?Des the writer sequence the pints in a lgical rder? Des the writer d a gd jb persuading yu t accept his/her pinin?2. Take yur draft back and revise it.
In my pinin, rganic farming is preferable t chemical farming because f the benefits t the envirnment and t peple, and because rganic fd is mre nutritius.T begin with, chemical farming harms the envirnment. Since chemical pesticides are nt fund in nature, nrmal natural prcesses cannt get rid f them. Instead, the chemicals tend t accumulate in the sil and water, and are absrbed in the fd chain, where they pisn wildlife and dmestic animals.This affects us directly, because we end up eating plants, dairy prducts, eggs, and meat that have high levels f pesticides. Think abut it: The purpse f the pesticides is t kill “pests”, that is, t kill insects. Smething that can kill an insect prbably is nt healthy fr a persn t eat. While it may be true that the fd we eat des nt have enugh pesticide in it t kill us immediately, ver the years this pesticide may cause us health prblems r give us diseases such as cancer.
Sample Answer
Finally, rganic fd is generally mre nutritius than fd grwn with man-made chemicals. If yu remember a few years ag, there was the case f watermelns literally explding in the fields because they had been given chemicals t make them grw faster. The reasn why they explded was that they cntained t much water, because the farmers had used t many chemicals and the weather was unusually wet. As it turns ut, such chemicals are cmmnly used in farming t grw larger crps mre quickly. D yu really want t eat watered-dwn fruit and vegetables which have been rushed t market? They cannt pssibly taste as gd as rganic vegetables, nr can they be as nutritius.In clsing, I wuld like t suggest buying rganic fd. Yes, the price is a little higher, but the small price we pay extra will bring us huge rewards in the end.
Sharing yur essay with the rest f the class.
Wrds and Expressins
Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread use in farming since the middle f the 20th century. (P55) 自二十世纪中叶以来，化学农药和人工肥料便广泛应用于耕作。widespread /'waɪdspred/ adj. 分布广的；普遍的；广泛的例句The plan received widespread supprt thrughut the cuntry. 这项计划得到了全国的普遍支持。The strm caused widespread damage.暴风雨造成了大范围的破坏。Plastic is in widespread use. 塑料已被广泛地使用。
This affects the crps grwn n the land and, in turn, the animals and humans wh digest them. (P55) 这会影响土里种植的作物，继而影响消化这些作物的人畜。in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流 例句The children called ut their names in turn. 孩子们逐一自报姓名。Increased prductin will, in turn, lead t increased prfits. 增加生产会继而增加利润。Peple are influenced by their envirnment and, in turn, influence their envirnment.人们受环境影响，反过来又影响他们周围的环境。
This affects the crps grwn n the land and, in turn, the animals and humans wh digest them. (P55) 这会影响土里种植的作物，继而影响消化这些作物的人畜。digest /daɪ'dʒest/ vt. & vi. 消化 vt. 领会；领悟 /ˈdaɪdʒest/ n. 摘要；文摘 例句Yu shuld allw a little time after a meal fr the fd t digest. 饭后你应该留点时间让食物消化。He paused, waiting fr her t digest the infrmatin. 他停了一会儿，等她慢慢领会这一信息。In cases like this, yu can try making a digest f yur ntes.在这种情况下，你可以试着做一个笔记摘要。
They may lk beautiful n the utside, but inside there is usually mre water than essential minerals, ... (P55) 此类作物外表靓丽，而内里却经常是水分多于必需矿物质，……。essential /ɪ'senʃl/ adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的搭配It is essential that... ……是必不可少的 例句A gd diet is essential fr everyne.良好的饮食对于每个人都是极为重要的。It is essential that ur pilts are given the best pssible training.我们的飞行员要受到最好的培训，这是必不可少的。
As an alternative, sme farmers have switched t rganic farming, and many custmers have turned t rganic fd when they shp at the lcal grcery. (P55) 作为一种替代方法，有些农民已经转向有机耕作，而且许多消费者在当地食杂店购物时，也转而选择有机食品。alternative /ɔːl'tɜːnətɪv/ n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的例句Have yu any alternative suggestins ? 你有没有别的建议？Acupuncture is widely used by practitiners f alternative medicine. 针刺疗法被非西方传统医学从业者广泛利用。I had n alternative but t reprt him t the plice. 除了向警察举报他，我别无选择。
Fr instance, they may grw crn r wheat in a field ne year, and then grw beans there the next. (P56) 例如，他们可能第一年在田里种植玉米或小麦，第二年改种豆类。instance /'ɪnstəns/ n. 例子；实例；事例搭配fr instance 例如；比如 例句In mst instances, there will be n need fr further treatment. 多数情况下，不必继续治疗。 We need t rethink the way we cnsume energy. Take, fr instance, ur apprach t transprt. 我们需要重新考虑我们使用能源的方式，例如我们的运输方式。
Organic farmers als plant diverse crps that use different depths f sil t help keep it rich. (P56) 有机耕作的农民也种植土壤深度要求不同的多样化作物，以保持土壤肥沃。depth /depθ/ n. 向下（或向里）的距离；深（度） 例句Many dlphins can dive t depths f 200 metres. 许多海豚可潜到 200 米深。The depth f the shelves is 30 centimetres. 书架的深度为 30 厘米。拓展deep adj. 深的 adv. 在深处；深深地 depth f knwledge 渊博的知识the depths f winter 隆冬
Sme peple wuld prefer t stp the use f man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely. (P56) 有些人宁愿在农业中彻底停止使用人工化学品。entirely /ɪn'taɪəlɪ/ adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地 例句I entirely agree with yu. 我完全同意你的看法。Our situatin is entirely different.我们的处境完全不同。The mn will bscure the sun, but nt blck it entirely.月亮会遮住太阳，但不会完全遮住它。