2024届北师版高考英语一轮复习语法专题一名词、数词、形容词、副词课件

这是一份2024届北师版高考英语一轮复习语法专题一名词、数词、形容词、副词课件，共59页。PPT课件主要包含了内容索引，增素能 精准突破，测效果 课堂评价，名词的数，humans　，hotter　，better　，smaller　，finest　，higher　等内容，欢迎下载使用。

【真题语境】◆单句语法填空1.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we 　　　　　(human) are. 2.(2021·全国乙卷)　　　　　 (activity) there range frm whale watching t hiking (远足) and accmmdatins aim t have a lw impact n the natural envirnment. 3.(2021·全国甲卷)Suppsedly yu can d it in tw hurs,but we stpped at the different gates and 　　 　　　(watchtwer) t take pictures r just t watch the lcal peple ging abut their daily rutines. 
Activities　
watchtwers　
◆单句改错4.(2021·全国甲卷)Many students say they will talk t their friend r classmates because they’re f the same age and can understand each ther.5.(2021·全国乙卷)I always assist my parents in ding the dish after meals.6.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Next I brke the eggs int a bwl and beat them quickly with chpstick.
dish→dishes　chpstick→chpsticks　
friend→friends
7.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Luckily,I will g hme in tw weeks fr summer vacatins.
8.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)My mm is really cncerned with the health f everyne in ur families.
9.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)T everyne’s surprising,the ball went int the net.
families→family　surprising→surprise　
vacatins→vacatin　
10.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)All the ftball player n the playgrund cheered ludly,saying that I had a talent fr ftball.
11.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)Since I was a kid,I’ve cnsidered different jb I wuld like t d.
12.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)I wish t have a chain f cafes in many different city.
player→players　jb→jbs　city→cities
【用法点拨】1.名词的复数变化规则①一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es,例如:map—maps,sea—seas,girl—girls,day—days②以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加-es,例如:family—families,baby—babies,army—armies,bdy—bdies③以元音字母加y结尾的名词,或专有名词以y结尾的,加-s,例如:by—bys,ty—tys
④以-f或-fe结尾的词,变-f和-fe为v再加-es或-s,例如:knife—knives,wife—wives,leaf—leaves,thief—thieves,half—halves,laf—laves,shelf—shelves⑤少数以-f或-fe结尾的词加-s,例如:belief—beliefs,chief—chiefs,prf—prfs,rf—rfs⑥以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词后加-es,例如:class—classes,bx—bxes,watch—watches,dish—dishes
⑦以元音字母加-结尾的名词,一般加-s,例如:radi—radis,bamb—bambs,z—zs⑧以辅音字母加-结尾的名词加-es,例如:her—heres,ptat—ptates,tmat—tmates⑨以-th结尾的名词加-s,例如:truth—truths,muth—muths,mnth—mnths,path—paths
2.名词复数的不规则变化①改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式,例如:man—men,wman—wmen,ft—feet,muse—mice,gse—geese,tth—teeth②在词尾加-en或-ren,例如:child—children,x—xen③单复数相同,例如:species,sheep,deer,fish,series,means,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss④只有复数形式,例如:trusers,clthes,gds⑤一些集体名词用作复数,例如:peple,plice⑥部分集体名词既可以作单数(整体)也可以作复数(成员),例如:audience,class,family,grup
二、形容词与副词的比较级和最高级
【真题语境】◆单句语法填空1.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The amazing thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature gets,the 　　　　　(ht) the spring! 2.(2021·全国甲卷)After spending sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall,we decided it was time fr sme actin and what 　　　　　(gd) than t ride n a piece f histry! 3.(2021·浙江卷)When the huse was built,it was much 　　　　　(small) than it is tday. 
4.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)One day the emperr wanted t get his prtrait (画像) dne s he called all great artists t cme and present their 　　　　　(fine) wrk,s that he culd chse the best. 5.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)Scientists have respnded by nting that hungry bears may be cngregating (聚集) arund human settlements,leading t the illusin (错觉) that ppulatins are 　　　　　(high) than they actually are. 
◆单句改错6.(2021·全国甲卷)In my pinin,when in truble,we shuld seek help frm thse we trust mstly.7.(2021·全国乙卷)What’s mst,ding husewrk can be a frm f mental relaxatin frm study.
mstly→mst　mst→mre　
8.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Best f luck with yur learning kung fu in China.See yu sner.
9.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)One was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick persn culd feel much mre better after seeing a dctr.
sner→sn　去掉mre
【用法点拨】形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成◆规则变化①单音节词一般情况下直接加-er和-est,例如:small→smaller→smallestgreat→greater→greatesthard→harder→hardest②以e结尾的单音节词和少数以-ble结尾的双音节词加-r和-st,例如:fine→finer→finestable→abler→ablest
③以一个辅音字母结尾,且前面只有一个元音字母的词,双写辅音字母后再加-er和-est,例如:thin→thinner→thinnestht→htter→httestbig→bigger→biggest④以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,先把y变为i再加-er和-est,例如:happy→happier→happiestearly→earlier→earliest
⑤多音节和部分双音节的形容词和副词,在原级前加mre和mst。例如:careful→mre careful→mst carefuldifficult→mre difficult→mst difficult
(一)名词与形容词之间的转换
【真题语境】◆单句语法填空1.(2021·全国乙卷)Prvide 　　　　　　(finance) aid and ther benefits fr lcal peples. 2.(2021·全国甲卷) stpped at the different gates and watchtwers t fake pictures r just t watch the lcal peple ging abut their 　　　　　(day) rutines. 
3.(2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)I tld him hw 　　　　　(harm) plastic culd be t the envirnment and asked him t cnsider using mre ec-friendly ptins. 
4.(2020·北京卷)Oliver says if yu’re 　　　　　(luck) enugh t have smene clse t yu wh enjys cking,ask them if yu can jin in when it’s pssible. 
5.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)The 　　　　　(beauty) lng branches cvered with pink-clred buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decratins.
6.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)In the 18th and 19th centuries,　　　　　(wealth) peple travelled and cllected plants,histrical bjects and wrks f art. 7.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)“ are s prud f her.It’s 　　　　　(wnder).” 8.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)They als shared with us many 　　　　　(traditin) stries abut Hawaii that were hugely ppular with turists. 
9.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Filled with 　　　　　(curius),the artist packed his bags and left. 10.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Histrical 　　　　　(accurate) is imprtant but s is entertainment. 
traditinal　
11.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)The far side f the mn is f particular __________(interesting) t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters (环形山). 
【用法点拨】①名词转换为形容词的常见后缀
②形容词转换为名词的常见后缀
(二)动词转换为名词
【真题语境】◆单句语法填空1.(2021·全国乙卷)It is different frm traditinal ften prvides mney fr cnservatin and benefits the 　　　 　　(develp) f the lcal areas. 2.(2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)A cmpany 　　　 　　(represent) wrte back and tld me the airline was switching ver the plastic t paper cups n all f its 1,200 daily flights. 
develpment　
representative　
3.(2021·浙江卷)In 1844 they bught it fr $1,200 and sme land frm Charles Dresser,wh perfrmed their 　　　　　(marry) ceremny in 1842. 4.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Chinese New Year is a 　　　　　(celebrate) marking the end f the winter seasn and the beginning f spring. 5.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)When they were free frm wrk,they invited us t lcal events and let us knw f an interesting 　　　 　　(cmpete) t watch,tgether with the stry behind it. 
6.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)In recent years sme Inuit peple in Nunavut have reprted increases in bear sightings arund human settlements,leading t a 　　　　　(believe) that ppulatins are increasing. 
【用法点拨】动词转换为名词的常见后缀
(三)形容词转换为副词
【真题语境】◆单句语法填空1.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb.It will 　　 　　　(undubted) help yu get refreshed! 2.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Landing n the mn’s far side is 　　　　　(extreme) challenging. 3.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Chinese lve their “Lucky Bamb” plants and yu will see them ften in their hmes and ffices.　　　　　(certain) during the hliday perid,this plant is a must. 
undubtedly　
4.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)As the small bat mved,　　　　　(gentle) alng the river he was left speechless by the muntains being silently reflected in the water. 5.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)It is difficult t figure ut a glbal ppulatin f plar bears as much f the range has been 　　　　　(pr) studied. 6.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)Her years f hard wrk have 　　　　　(final) been acknwledged after a custmer nminated (提名) her t be Cheshire’s Wman f the Year. 
7.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)They als shared with us many traditinal stries abut Hawaii that were 　　　　　(huge) ppular with turists. 
◆单句改错8.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Tday I tried cking a simply dish myself.9.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)I’m surely yu’ll have a gd time.10.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Then I can spare sme time t learn it again,such that we can practice tgether every day.
simply→simple　surely→sure such→s　
11.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)In rder t make surely all f us are in gd health,she makes specific plans fr us.12.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)I stpped the ball and kicked it hardly back t the playgrund.
surely→sure　hardly→hard
13.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)First,I wanted t be a fireman,whse unifrm lked s clly.14.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)What I want is nt just an rdinarily cafe but a very special ne.
clly→cl　rdinarily→rdinary
【用法点拨】1.形容词转换为副词的规则①一般情况下形容词后直接加-ly,例如:quick→quickly;apparent→apparently;eventual→eventually②以辅音字母加y结尾的,一般把y变为i再加-ly,例如:lucky→luckily;happy→happily③以字母le结尾的,一般去e加-y,例如:simple→simply;hrrible→hrribly④以ll结尾的,直接加-y,例如:full→fully⑤以ic结尾的,加-ally,例如:basic→basically⑥有些单词的形容词和副词同形,例如:hard,fast,early,late
2.形容词转换为副词的常见后缀
【名师点睛】以-ly结尾不一定是副词,也可能是形容词,如:friendly友好的;yearly 每年的;lvely可爱的;lnely孤单的;likely 可能发生的
(四)动词转换为形容词
【真题语境】◆单句语法填空1.(2021·全国乙卷)It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme 　　　　　(educate) abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics. 2.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Strange,isn’t it?But that’s hw nature is—always leaving us 　　　　　(astnish). 3.I was s 　　　　　(excite) when he wrte back t me. 
【用法点拨】动词转换为形容词的常见后缀
(五)基数词转换为序数词
单句语法填空(2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)I’ve always lved the cean.In the　　　　　 (seven) grade,I started vlunteering at the Mnterey Bay Aquarium in Califrnia. 
【用法点拨】序数词一般由基数词加-th构成。以y结尾的基数词变序数词,先把y变为i,再加-eth。例如:the twentieth/fiftieth。不规则的序数词有以下几个:first,secnd,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth。序数词前通常要加定冠词the, 但当序数词不表示顺序而表示“再一”“又一”时,要用不定冠词。
◆单句语法填空1.The 　　　　　(ppular) f the Chinese-wned vide-sharing service TikTk (抖音) cntinues t grw amng yung peple. 2.The bikes are ppular amng many Chinese peple as they prvide an 　　　　　(effect) slutin in places where it’s difficult t change frm ne kind f transprt t anther. 3.The use f AI technlgy prvides a 　　　　　(brad) platfrm and strnger knwledge supprt fr cultural relics amng yung peple. 
4.By mnitring yur energy use and 　　　 　　(autmatic) turning ff lights and ther devices that yu’re nt using,smartphnes can lwer much electricity yu use verall. 5.But nw,in the age f the Internet and scial media,anyne with an Internet 　　　　　(cnnect) can enjy a scial eating event. 
autmatically
◆单句改错1.Six weeks ag,I participated in a city marathn fr amateur which was being rganized t help raise mney fr charity.
2.In additin,yu can always enjy a variety f taste fd.
3.I am delighted t knw that yu are interested in Chinese flk culture and determined t d practically research in a place f China.
amateur→amateurs　 taste→tasty　  practically→practical　
4.It’s ne f the hst city fr the 2022 Winter participatin will sure make much a quickly breakfast,I went t the gym t wrk ut.
city→cities　sure→surely　quickly→quick
◆语法填空1.(2021·安徽黄山二模)Gvernments at all levels keep an pen and encuraging attitude tward the develpment f the digital ecnmy and 　　　 　　(active) cperate with digital cmpanies t better identify and help the pr. 2.(2021·山东烟台一模)The area cntains a frest that has turned int a peaceful and 　　　 　　(harmny) wrld fr bth peple and birds. 3.(2021·山东菏泽一模)Fr example,mst city parks are kept neat and tidy s that humans will find them 　　　　　(pretty) than befre. 
4.(2021·广东联考)In the 1840s,the 　　　　　　　(invent) f the railway allwed a wider range f peple t visit the beach,as it was a cheaper way t travel than befre. 5.(2021·山西太原模拟)Mental health prblems can range frm tiredness and eating disrders t depressin and 　　　　　(anxius). 6.(2021·山东济南模考)The brthers understand that rbtics takes 　　　　　(patient) and lts f time. 7.(2021·安徽合肥二模)Drawing upn the grape-cultivatin and wine-making practices f Eurpean chateaux,China prduced fifteen 　　　　　(variety) f brandy,red wine and white wine. 
8.(2021·山东济宁一模)There is n denying that all f these achievements make ur travel cnvenient and 　　　　　(rely),especially during “Chunyun”. 9.(2021·湖北武汉质检)Last year a bunch f curageus scientists and Sherpas installed (安装) the wrld’s 　　　　　(high) weather statin at 8,430 metres,just 400 metres shrt f Qmlangma’s summit(顶点). 10.(2021·山东潍坊一模)“With these numbers increasing 　　　　　(sharp),it’s nt surprising that yu’re seeing them in sme unusual places,”says Brwn—a bilgist,“including the Hudsn River and Staten Island.” 
◆单句改错1.(2022·安徽名校联盟第一次质检)The cmpetitin caught a great number f students attentin.2.(2021·安徽合肥三模)The beautiful scenery gave me a sense f refresh and life.3.(2021·山西太原三模)It is a frm f cmmunicatin.I culdn’t agree with her much.
students→students’　refresh→refreshment　much→mre　
4.(2022·吉林长春质量监测一)After finishing ur wrk,I imagined hw cmfrtably ur teachers wuld feel while writing n the blackbard!5.(2022·广西第一次名校大联考)Abut twenty minute later,we arrived at the apartment.6.(2022·贵州贵阳摸底)In cnclusin,we shuld have a well understanding f its advantages and disadvantages and find a prper way t make ur study mre efficient.
cmfrtably→cmfrtable　minute→minutes　well→gd
◆语篇填空A ttal f 12 peple have been killed in the trrential(如激流的) rains in the dwntwn area f Zhengzhu,the prvincial capital f 1.　　　　　 (center) China’s Henan Prvince,the lcal 2.　　　　 　(gvern) said. The accumulated rainfall reached 449 mm n average in Zhengzhu frm 6 pm Sunday t midnight Tuesday.Heavy rains in Henan are expected t last until Wednesday night,accrding t frecasts.
Heavy rainfall has raised the emergency 3.　　　　　(respnd) fr meterlgical disasters t level Ⅰ,the 4. 　　　　　(high) level in a fur-tier system,n Tuesday.The 5.　　　　　(natin) Meterlgical Center said 6.　　　　　(hur) precipitatin (降水) between 4 pm and 5 pm reached 201.9 millimeters.Water levels at 16 large and medium-sized reservirs have risen abve alert levels 7.　　　　　(shrt) after the rains. Mre than 144,000 8.　　　　　(resident) have been affected in Henan Prvince since Friday,and 10,152 have been relcated t safe places. 
Thugh flding during the summer mnths is an annual 9.　　　　　(ccur) in parts f China,recent recrd-breaking rains have alarmed scientists and fficials,raising questins as t whether we shuld be prepared t deal with mre extreme and 10.　　　 　　(unpredict) weather amplified by climate change. 
unpredictable
◆短文改错Challenges f life are f great imprtant in persnal grw.They remind me f my day when I jined in the military training in senir high schl.Living away frm my hme fr the first time,I fund life there a bit difficulty t get used t.And the training fficer was strictly with me.I nce thught I culdn’t stick t it.But anyway,I succeeded.The training made me much strng t adapt t life than befre,and I think the difficulties have then becme a precius memry in my life.In shrt,learn t regard challenge f life as stepping stnes t future succeed.We shuld make the better f them.