山东省青岛市2020年中考英语试题（含解析）

这是一份山东省青岛市2020年中考英语试题（含解析），共23页。
2020年青岛市初中学业水平考试
英语试题
(考试时间：100分钟；满分：90分)
说明：
1. 本试卷分为第I卷和第II卷两部分，共六大题。第I卷包含单项选择、完形填空和阅读理解，共40小题；第II卷包含词汇运用A、B，阅读表达A、B和书面表达。
2. 所有题目均在【点答题卡】上作答，在试题上作答无效。

第I卷
I. 单项选择
从每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1.What ________ unusual school trip we had! I will never forget it.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们的学校旅行多么不寻常！我永远不会忘。
考查冠词。a不定冠词，表达泛指，用在辅音音素开始的单词前；an不定冠词，表达泛指，用在元音音素开始的单词前；the定冠词，表达特指。此处是感叹句“what+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词”，unusual是辅音音素开始的单词，前用不定冠词an。故选B。
2.You'd better not hang out after school ________ telling your parents. They may worry about you.
A. by B. with C. without D. after
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在没有告知你父母的情况下，你最好不要放学以后闲逛，他们可能会担心你。
考查介词辨析。by通过；with有；without没有；after在……之后。根据题干中“They may worry about you.”讲到父母可能会担心你，由此推出要用一个表示否定含义的介词，表示“没有告知父母”，用without符合题意。故选C。
3.Li Lei didn't play computer games last weekend. ________, he worked as a volunteer in an old people's home.
A. Instead B. Certainly C. Though D. Gradually
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：李雷上周末没有玩电脑游戏。相反，他在一家养老院做志愿者。
考查副词辨析。Instead相反地；Certainly当然；Though然而；尽管；Gradually逐渐地。根据句意可知，李雷没有玩游戏，而是去当志愿者，空后表示与前面相反的事情，因此Instead符合语境，故选A。
4.Please remember to ________ the electricity and water before you leave the laboratory.
A. take off B. shut off C. go off D. put off
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：请记得在离开实验室前关掉电源和水。
考查动词短语。take off起飞，脱掉；shut off关掉；go off失去对……的兴趣，爆炸;put off推迟。根据“the electricity and water”可知此处表达“关掉电源和水”，用动词短语shut off。故选B。
5.—Is this hat ________?
—No, the red one is ________.
A. Lucy's; her B. Lucy; her C. Lucy's; hers D. Lucy; hers
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——这顶帽子是露西的吗？——不是，红色的是她的。
考查所有格和代词用法。Lucy露西，人名；Lucy's露西的，-'s所有格；her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。问句中空格后没有名词，故应用-'s所有格表示所有关系，即露西的帽子；答语空格后没有名词，故应用名词性物主代词hers代指her hat。故选C。
6.Teachers expect all their students ________ progress day by day.
A. to make B. make C. to take D. take
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：老师们希望所有的学生天天进步。
考查非谓语动词和动词短语辨析。to make获得，动词不定式；make获得，动词原形；to take拿走，动词不定式；take拿走，动词原形。固定搭配：expect sb to do sth“希望某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语；make progress“取得进步”，所以空格处填to make。故选A。
7.In Chinese families, people won't start dinner ________ the elders take their seats.
A. after B. when C. because D. until
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：在中国家庭里，人们直到老人们坐下才开始吃饭。
考查连词。after在……之后；when在……时候；because因为；until直到。根据“won't start dinner”可知句子使用“not…until…”的结构，此处表示“直到老人们坐下才开始吃饭”，用until。故选D。
8.My People, My Country is ________ movie I've ever seen.
A. more educational B. the most educational C. educational D. less educational
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：《我和我的祖国》是我看过的最有教育意义的电影。
考查形容词最高级。more educational更有教育性的；the most educational最有教育意义的；educational有教育性的；less educational更少教育性的。根据“I've ever seen”我见过的，表达的是最高级的意义，用educational的最高级变化the most educational。故选B。
9.—Allen, shall we go to the bookstore this afternoon?
— I'm sorry, David, but I ________ meet my cousin at the train station.
A. have to B. can C. may D. could
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——艾伦，我们今天下午去书店么？——大卫，不好意思，但是我不得不去火车站接我的表弟。
考查情态动词。have to不得不；can能；may可能；could是can的过去式，能。根据“meet my cousin at the train station”可知此处表达的是“不得不”，用have to。故选A。
10.— Lily, could you tell me ________?
—About ten minutes.
A. how far is it from your home to school B. how far it is from your home to school
C. how long does it take you to walk to school D. how long it takes you to walk to school
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——莉莉，你能告诉我从你家到学校要花多长时间么？——大约十分钟。
考查宾语从句。how far多远（距离）；how long多长时间。tell me后是宾语从句，用陈述句的语序（主语+谓语动词），A和C语序错误。根据“About ten minutes”表达一段时间“大约十分钟”，可知宾语从句用how long。故选D。

II. 完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
My life was perfect when I was twelve years old. I had a big family, ___11___ my sister, Chrissy, and a little brother, Patrick, whom I loved greatly. Spring was coming, and I was ___12___ about another summer with Grandma. She and I had great fun together last summer. She was retiring (退休) this year, ___13___ that meant more time with her. Then, on April 11, 2017, at 10:00 P.M., we were all going to bed when the phone rang. My uncle was ___14___ to say that Grandpa had just taken Grandma to the hospital.
The next morning I was told that Grandma was gone due to a heart disease. I tried to be strong but even my father ___15___. I hadn't even said goodbye to her. I couldn't control my ___16___ anymore and began to cry loudly. It finally hit me: She was gone ___17___. All she had left me were ___18___ in the garden — the hours we spent planting flowers and taking care of ___19___. I believe that my grandma is a star watching over me, and she would have wanted me to be ___20___ and happy like her, even though there are bad times. My family and friends love me for who I am and support me for what I do, as I know my grandma would, too.
11. A. besides B. including C. except D. beside
12. A. worried B. excited C. moved D. surprised
13. A. but B. while C. so D. or
14. A. calling B. visiting C. helping D. writing
15. A. shouted B. spoke C. talked D. cried
16. A. thoughts B. words C. ideas D. feelings
17. A. ever B. forever C. always D. sometimes
18. A. instructions B. suggestions C. memories D. experiments
19. A. them B. her C. it D. us
20. A. weak B. careful C. polite D. strong
【答案】11. B 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D
【解析】
文章大意：本文主要讲作者12岁那年期待着和奶奶一起度过另一个暑假，但奶奶却突然逝世了，留给作者的只有回忆，但作者坚信奶奶一直在守护和支持着自己。
【11题详解】
句意：我有一个大家庭，包括妹妹克丽丝和我深爱的小弟弟帕特里克。
besides除了……之外（还有）；including包括；except除去……之外；beside在……旁边。前文说“我有一个大家庭"，后面是具体家庭成员，所以此处用including（包括）。故选B。

【12题详解】
句意：春天来了，我很期待和奶奶一起过另一个夏天。
worried担心的；excited兴奋的；moved感动的；surprised惊讶的。根据后文"去年夏天我们玩的很开心"，可知我对即将到来的夏天很兴奋，用be excited about。故选B。

【13题详解】
句意：她今年就要退休了，那意味着有更多的时间和她在一起。
but但是；while然而；so因此；or否则。“那意味着有更多的时间和她在一起”是“她今年就要退休了”的结果，前因后果，用so符合题意。故选C。

【14题详解】
句意：我叔叔打电话来说我爷爷刚刚送奶奶去了医院。
calling打电话；visiting拜访；helping帮助；writing写。前文“电话响"，所以后面一定是用calling（打电话）。故选A。

【15题详解】
句意：我试着坚强起来，但连我父亲都哭了。
shouted大喊；spoke说；talked谈话；cried哭。根据上文“The next morning I was told that Grandma was gone due to a heart disease. ”可知奶奶去世了，由此可推出爸爸是哭了，用cried符合题意。故选D。

【16题详解】
句意：我再也无法控制自己的情感，开始大声哭起来。
thoughts想法；words单词；ideas想法；feelings情感。根据题干中“began to cry loudly”讲开始大哭，可推出是无法控制自己的情感，用feelings符合题意。故选D。

【17题详解】
句意：我终于意识到：她永远地离开了。
ever曾经；forever永远；always总是；sometimes有时。根据上文“The next morning I was told that Grandma was gone due to a heart disease.”可知奶奶去世了，应是永远离开了，用forever符合题意。故选B。

【18题详解】
句意：她留给我的只有在花园里的回忆——我们花时间种花并照顾它们。
instructions说明；suggestions建议；memories记忆；experiments试验。根据题干中“the hours we spent planting flowers and taking care of ____”可知这里在说和奶奶一起的回忆，用memories符合题意。故选C。

【19题详解】
句意：她留给我的只有在花园里的回忆——我们花时间种花并照顾它们。
them它们；her她的；it它；us我们。根据题干中“the hours we spent planting flowers”可知是说照顾作者和奶奶种的花，用them指代flowers。故选A。

【20题详解】
句意：我相信我的奶奶就像一颗守护着我的星星，她希望我像她一样坚强和快乐，即使有不好的时候。
weak弱的；careful仔细的；polite礼貌的；strong坚强的。根据题干中“even though there are bad times”可推出此处是说奶奶希望自己即使在不好的时候，也要像她一样坚强和快乐，用strong符合题意。故选D。


III. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，做出正误判断或选出最佳选项。A篇为判断正(A)误(B)题，B、C篇为选择题，D篇为六选五补全短文。
A
China National Film Museum
9 Nanying Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing
Tel: (010)8435 5959
Open: 9:00-16:30 except Mon. www. cnfm. org. cn
Gift shop with legitimate DVDs/ cafeteria/snack shops (popcorn for movie viewing)
Forbidden City and the Palace Museum
4 Jiangshanqian Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing
Tel: (010) 8500 7421/7420
Open: 8:30-17:00, Apr. 1-Oct. 31;
8:30-16:30, Nov. 1- Mar. 31
Closed on Mon. afternoon except public holidays and summer vacation (July 1-Aug. 31)
www. dpm. org. cn
Gift shop/ book shop/ museum guide available/restaurant/ coffee shop/shops and cafes
National Art Museum of China
1 Wusida Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing
Tel: (010) 6400 1467
Open: 9:00-17:00 last entry 16:00
www. namoc. org
Cafeteria at the back of the building
National Museum of China
16 East Changan Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing
Tel: (010)6511 6188
Open: 9:00-17:00 except Mon., ticket box closed at 15:30
www. chnmuseum. cn
Gift shop/audio guide



21. You can visit the China National Film Museum on Tuesday.
22. If you want to learn more about films, you can call (010) 6400 1467.
23. You can visit the Forbidden City and the Palace Museum on Monday in summer vacation.
24. You can enter the National Museum of China at 17:30.
25. The four museums are in the same district of Beijing.
【答案】21. A 22. B
23. A 24. B
25. B
【解析】
这是一篇应用文，文章用表格介绍了四个博物馆的广告。
【21题详解】
题意：你可以周二参观中国国家电影博物馆。
细节理解题。根据“Open: 9:00-16:30 except Mon.”可知除了周一都可以去，句子表述正确。故答案为A。
【22题详解】
题意：如果你想知道更多关于电影的事，可以打电话(010) 6400 1467。
细节理解题。根据“China National Film Museum…Tel: (010)8435 5959”可知要打电话(010)8435 5959。句子表述错误。故答案为B。
【23题详解】
题意：你可以在暑假的周一参观紫禁城和故宫。
细节理解题。根据“Open: 8:30-17:00, Apr. 1-Oct. 31;8:30-16:30, Nov. 1- Mar. 31Closed on Mon. afternoon except public holidays and summer vacation (July 1-Aug. 31)”可知平时周一是闭馆的，但是除公共假期和暑假外，因此暑假周一是能参观的。句子表述正确。故答案为A。
【24题详解】
题意：你可以在下午五点半进入中国国家博物馆。
细节理解题。根据“Open: 9:00-17:00 except Mon., ticket box closed at 15:30”可知下午五点半售票处就关闭了，句子表述错误。故答案为B。
【25题详解】
题意：这四个博物馆都在北京相同的区域。
细节理解题。根据“ Chaoyang District, Beijing”可知中国国家电影博物馆在北京朝阳区；根据“Dongcheng District, Beijing” 可知紫禁城和故宫、中国国家艺术博物馆以及中国国家博物馆都在北京东城区。句子表述错误。故答案为B。

B


Wild beavers (河狸) are back! Experts say that the wild beaver families are doing well. The beavers are even boosting wildlife and the environment!
Over ten years ago, a family of beavers turned up in a part of the river Otter, in Devon. No one knew exactly where they came from. It was a big surprise, wild beavers hadn't lived in England for around 400 years!
In 2015, the government allowed the beavers to stay there as part of a trial (试验). They wanted to see if these animals could be reintroduced to the wild. The trial ends in February. Some scientists from the University of Exeter already say the beavers help the wildlife in the area. One scientist called it "an amazing story".
A lot of this is because of dams. Beavers build dams along the river. This creates deep pools in the riverbed and slows the water down. Scientists say this is perfect for many different types of plants and animals! Many plants are growing near the beavers. Different types of animals are also becoming more and more in the river. Beavers also help make flooding less, scientists say. The beavers' dams slow down the speed of the river, especially after heavy rain.
There are, however, some problems. Beavers gnaw (咬,啃)on trees and this can harm them. Their dams can also sometimes create floods (洪水) on people's land.
Beavers aren't the only animals that are being reintroduced to the wild! In 2019, red squirrels were brought back to an area of the Scottish Highlands. Further away, the world's rarest (罕见的) duck, the Madagascar pochard, is making a comeback. It was set free into the wild on the African island in 2019 and is doing well.
Who knows what other animals might be making a comeback?
26. Which of the following best explains "boosting" in paragraph 1?
A. building B. spreading C. helping D. creating
27. Why did the government want a trial first? Because they wanted to ________.
A. grow more plants along the river
B. build dams for the beavers in the wild
C. introduce the beavers to the wild
D. see if the beavers could be reintroduced to the wild
28. What are the good things about wild beavers living on the river Otter?
A. They help plants grow and make flooding less. B. They bring heavy rain and floods.
C. They gnaw on trees and harm them. D. Their dams create floods on people's land.
29. How many kinds of animals are mentioned in the news story which have been reintroduced to the wild?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
30. How do you think animal lovers feel about the news?
A. Embarrassed. B. Pleased. C. Tired. D. Disappointed.
【答案】26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种重新引入到野外的野生动物，以野生河狸为例说明了重新被引入到野外的野生动物状况良好，并介绍了其对环境发展的促进作用和不良影响。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。building建造；spreading传播；helping帮助；creating创造。根据第三段“the beavers help the wildlife in the area”可知，野生河狸帮助了该地区的野生动物，故野生河狸可以促进野生动物和环境的发展，故划线部分boosting意为“促进、提高”，可以用help“帮助”解释，即野生河狸帮助了野生动物和环境的发展。故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“They wanted to see if these animals could be reintroduced to the wild”可知，政府想要先做一个试验的目的是看这些野生河狸能否被重新引入野外。故选D。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Many plants are growing near the beavers…Beavers also help make flooding less”可知，野生河狸能够帮助植物生长，并减少洪水的发生，这是野生河狸带来的好处，其余的诸如引发洪水和啃咬树木，这些都是坏处。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Beavers aren't the only animals…red squirrels were brought back…the world's rarest duck, the Madagascar pochard, is making a comeback”可知，文中一共提到了三种被重新引入到野外的动物，分别是河狸、红松鼠和马达加斯加麻鸭。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It was a big surprise”及全文内容可知，对于动物爱好者来说，野生动物重新被引入到野外的消息无疑是让他们非常高兴的。故选B。

C
Part of Earth's beauty comes from its oceans. Ocean scientists study the chemical make-up of the ocean, weather patterns, the geography of the ocean floor, and many other areas. Their work is exciting, although sometimes dangerous. Using technology to do certain tasks helps. For example, robotic arms are used for very dangerous tasks.
One basic part of ocean study is understanding waves and how they work. Wind is the great maker of waves. The waves we know are mostly produced by winds blowing over the sea. They are directly connected with the wind speed and the time that wind lasts.

Sometimes ocean life can be seen in the wave. Living things seem to be staying within the wave, moving slowly inside it as if they were weightless. Besides the beauty of waves, scientists are interested in their technical ways. The diagram of waves shows how scientists examine waves. Waves are measured (测量) from the top (crest) to the bottom (trough). This allows scientists to find out the height of a wave. They also measure waves from crest to crest to determine (测定) the length of a wave.
During serious storms, huge waves might cut a sea ship apart. Ships are at great risk of winding up as broken pieces after being hit by the force of a huge wave. By understanding the ocean, scientists can prevent this breakup of ships by predicting when the water will be too dangerous for people and their ships. The study of waves and the ocean also allows scientists to make sure how certain beaches were formed. By studying the oceans, a great deal can be learned about the surface we live on.
31. Why are robotic arms used? Because ________.
A. certain tasks are very dangerous B. the tasks are exciting
C. the oceans are beautiful D. there are many studying areas
32. What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A. Waves can make wind. B. Most waves are produced by winds.
C. Scientists make most waves. D. Waves have nothing to do with wind.
33. What is the meaning of "the length of a wave" according to paragraph 3?
A. The beauty of huge waves.
B. The technical way to study the sea.
C. The distance from crest to crest of a wave.
D. The distance from the top to the bottom of a wave.
34. Which of the following statements are right according to the passage?
① Scientists can decide the weather patterns.
②We can't find living things in the waves.
③By studying the ocean, scientists can prevent the breakup of ships.
④The study of waves helps scientists know how certain beaches were formed.
A. ①③ B. ②④ C. ③④ D. ②③
35. Where is the passage probably from?
A. A diary entry. B. A fairy tale. C. A travel guide. D. A science magazine.
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍科学家对于海洋和波浪的研究，并介绍了研究的作用和意义。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“For example, robotic arms are used for very dangerous tasks”可知机械手臂被使用在非常危险的任务里。故选A。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The waves we know are mostly produced by winds blowing over the sea. They are directly connected with the wind speed and the time that wind lasts”波浪大多数是风形成的，故选B。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段“They also measure waves from crest to crest to determine”可知the length of a wave指的是 “waves from crest to crest”从波峰到波峰的距离。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“scientists can prevent this breakup of ships by predicting when the water will be too dangerous for people and their ships. The study of waves and the ocean also allows scientists to make sure how certain beaches were formed.”通过海洋的研究，科学家能阻止轮船的破裂，研究波浪的研究能帮助科学家了解特定的海滩是如何形成的，③④表述正确。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要介绍的是科学家对于海洋和波浪的研究，可推断来自于科学杂志。故选D。

D
根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。
You've been learning words since you were a tiny baby. At first, you learned them only by hearing other people talk. Now that you're a reader, you have another way to learn words. What should you do when you come to a word and you think you don't know what it means? ___36___.
Say it
First sound it out. Then say it to yourself. ___37___. Sometimes you know a word in your head but you don't know what it looks like in print. So if you match up what you know and what you read - you have the word!
Use context
If this doesn't work, take the next step: look at the context — the other words and sentences around it. Read this sentence: When it rained, the dog looked for shelter in the doorway. ___38___. Rain and in the doorway might give you helpful information.
___39___
If the context doesn't help, look at the parts of the word. Does it have any parts you know? These can help you understand what it means. If you don't know the meaning of miner, try looking at parts of the word. You might know that a mine is a place underground where people get coal and other valuable things. A lot of times, -er at the end of a word means "a person who does something". So a miner might be someone who works in a mine.
Look it up
If the three steps above don't work, you can look it up.___40___ — either a book or online.
Nobody knows the meaning of every word, but good readers know how to understand words they don't know.
A. Use word parts
B. Look at the words
C. It might sound like a word you know
D You can find the word in a dictionary
E. Following some easy steps can help you
F. If the word shelter doesn't look familiar. look at the words around it
【答案】36. E 37. C 38. F 39. A 40. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了了解单词的意义的四种方法。
【36题详解】
句意：如下的一些简单的步骤可以帮助你。
后文介绍了了解单词的意义的一些方法，此处E选项Following some easy steps can help you符合。故选E。
【37题详解】
句意：它可能听起来像是你认识的单词。
根据后文“Sometimes you know a word in your head but you don't know what it looks like in print”有时候你头脑里知道一个单词但是你不知道这个单词长什么样子， C选项“It might sound like a word you know”符合。故选C。
【38题详解】
句意：如果单词shelter看起来不熟悉，看看周围的词。
根据“Rain and in the doorway might give you helpful information” Rain 和 in the doorway可能给你一些有用的信息，F选项“ the word shelter ”符合。故选F。
【39题详解】
句意：使用单词的部分。
根据“If the context doesn't help, look at the parts of the word”如果语境没什么帮助，看看单词的部分。此段讲述了词缀。A选项“Use word parts”符合。故选A。
【40题详解】
句意：你可以在字典里查找这个单词。
根据“look it up”及“either a book or online”可知此处是关于查单词的问题，D选项“find the word in a dictionary”符合，故选D。

第II卷
IV. 词汇运用
A. 用所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
dream, shine, give out, win, hold



41. The boy ________ high praise for his efforts to help his classmates last term.
42. Happiness ________ in the doctor's eyes every time she sees a patient get well.
43. A classical concert ________ online next month.
44. Some climbers ________ of getting to the top of Mount Qomolangma for a long time.
45. Lucy ________ the new books when I entered the classroom.
【答案】41. won
42. shines 43. will be held
44. have dreamed
45. was giving out
【解析】
【41题详解】
句意：这个男孩因上学期努力帮助同学而获得高度赞扬。
根据空后的搭配“…high praise”高度赞扬可知，win的意思合适，意为“赢，赢得”。由句中的last term可知，应用一般过去时态。故答案为won。
【42题详解】
句意：每次看到病人康复，这个医生的眼睛里都闪烁着幸福的光芒。
根据句意以及空后的搭配“in the doctor’s eyes”可知，这里表示“在眼中闪耀着……”，选择shine，意为“闪耀”。由后半句中“every time she sees…”可知，该句用一般现在时态，主语Happiness是单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故答案为shines。
【43题详解】
句意：下个月将举行一场网上古典音乐会。
由句意可知，这里表示“举办音乐会”，选择hold，意为“举办”。主语A classical concert与动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态；且时间状语为next month，应用一般将来时。故答案为will be held。
【44题详解】
句意：有些登山者长时间以来一直梦想着登上珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰。
根据句意可知，这里表示“梦想着……”，选择dream，意为“梦想”，用于短语dream of…“梦想做某事”。由句中的时间状语for a long time可知，该句应用现在完成时态，主语为复数。故答案为have dreamed。
【45题详解】
句意：我走进教室时，Lucy正在分发新书。
由句意可知，这里表示“发新书”，应选择短语give out，意为“分发”。再根据语境“when I entered the classroom”可知，这里表示一个过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，主语为单数。故答案为was giving out。

B. 根据句意和所给汉语完成句子。每空一词。
46.In the face of danger, all the firefighters were brave and ________ (没有一个) of them gave up.
【答案】none
【解析】
【详解】句意：面临危险的时候，所有的消防员都很勇敢，没有一个人放弃。
根据“all the firefighters”可知此处表达的是三者或以上的否定，用none of表示“都没有”。故答案为none。
47.Flying in the sky, we can see the fascinating city ________ (在……下面).
【答案】below
【解析】
【详解】句意：在天空飞翔，你能看到下面迷人的城市。
根据提示词，under和below都表示“在……下面”，under含垂直的意思，below不一定垂直。原句中从天空中看城市不是垂直的关系，所以空格处填below。故答案为below。
48.Doing sports can make people happier, ________(健康), and more confident.
【答案】healthier
【解析】
【详解】句意：做运动能让人们更开心，更健康，更有自信。
根据and可知此处用形容词比较级与happier和more confident并列，此处表示healthier表示“更健康的”。故答案为healthier。
49.Prepare yourself for everything ________ (在前面)of time, and you will be successful.
【答案】ahead
【解析】
【详解】句意：提前做好准备，你会成功的。
根据语境及中文提示可知，提前做好准备，ahead of time提前，固定短语，故此处应为ahead在前面。故答案为ahead。
50.________(青少年)are supposed to help with housework to develop their independence.
【答案】Teenagers
【解析】
【详解】句意：青少年应该帮助做家务来培养他们的独立。
根据所给单词的意思可知，这里考查的是teenager，是一个名词。谓语动词是are，主语应该是复数的，因此这里应变为复数形式，位于句首，第一个字母应大写，故答案为Teenagers。

V. 阅读表达
A
阅读下面短文，回答下列小题。

In China, writing brushes, ink sticks, paper and ink stones are called the Four Treasures of Study. Among the high-quality (质量)treasures, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, the xuan paper made in Xuancheng and the ink stone made in Duanxi are the best-known.
The writing brushes can be used to draw the pictures on painted potteries (陶器). They are mainly made of the hair of animals. Those made of wool are called yanghao and those made of the weasel's(鼬) tail hair are called langhao. Their artistic effects (效果)in writing and painting cannot be copied by any other pens.
The ink stick is the pigment(颜料)used in writing and painting. The ink stick produced in Huizhou is of high quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. As a result, the Emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang Dynasty agreed to give them the family name "Li". From then on, the fame of the Li Ink Stick was widespread. In the Song Dynasty, its producing area was changed into Huizhou, and it was then called the Hui Ink Stick.
Paper is among the four great inventions in ancient China. The famous xuan paper appeared in the Sui and Tang dynasties. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province where the xuan paper is produced, it's said that Cai Lun's pupil Kong Dan took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later he happened to see the ebony (檀木)in the rivers. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark (树皮)to produce the world-famous xuan paper.
The ink stone was already very popular in the Han Dynasty. The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones - Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone. They can not only be used in writing and painting but also for admiration.
51. What are the writing brushes mainly made of?
_______________________________________
52. Why did Xi Chao and his son get the family name from the Emperor Li Yu?
_______________________________________
53. What does it in paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)?
_______________________________________
54. How did Kong Dan find the way to make the famous xuan paper by accident?
_______________________________________
55. When did the Four Famous Ink Stones appear?
_______________________________________
56. What's the title (标题) for the passage? (不超过10个词)
_______________________________________
【答案】51. They are mainly made of the hair of animals.
52. Because Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick.
53. Li Ink Stick.
54. He happened to see the ebony in the rivers and used the bark to produce the world-famous xuan paper.
55. They appeared in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
56. The Four Treasures of Study./ The History of The Four Tresures of Study.
【解析】
笔墨纸砚是文房四宝，这篇短文给我们介绍了这四宝各自的用途、产地以及背后的历史。
【51题详解】
根据短文第二段“They are mainly made of the hair of animals.”可知，毛笔主要是用动物的毛制成的。故答案为They are mainly made of the hair of animals.
【52题详解】
根据短文第三段“Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. As a result, the Emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang Dynasty agreed to give them the family name "Li".”可知，奚超父子制出了质量非常高的墨，南唐皇帝李煜赏赐了他们家国姓“李”。故答案为Because Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick.
【53题详解】
根据语境“From then on, the fame of the Li Ink Stick was widespread. In the Song Dynasty, its producing area was changed into Huizhou, and it was then called the Hui Ink Stick.”李墨的名声传开后，到了宋代，墨的产地变成了徽州，被称为徽墨。it指代的是上面提到的Li Ink Stick。故答案为Li Ink Stick.
【54题详解】
根据短文第四段“Later he happened to see the ebony (檀木)in the rivers. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark (树皮)to produce the world-famous xuan paper.”可知，蔡伦的学生孔丹偶然看到了水中的檀木，被水弄湿，变成了白色，因此他就用树皮生产出了著名的宣纸。故答案为He happened to see the ebony in the rivers and used the bark to produce the world-famous xuan paper.
【55题详解】
根据短文最后一段“The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones - Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone.”可知，四种著名的砚台——端砚、歙砚、洮砚和澄泥砚出现在明清时期。故答案为They appeared in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
【56题详解】
根据文意可知，这篇短文给我们讲述的是中国的文房四宝的相关知识、历史背景、产地等。用“文房四宝”作为题目，能概括短文的中心大意。故答案为The Four Treasures of Study./The History of The Four Treasures of Study.

B
阅读下面短文，完成下列小题。
To the Editor,
I am writing as a member of One-on-One, the sixth-grade mentoring (指导)group. Our group is two years old and made up of 14 students. Our task is to help students reach their goals through mentoring. We hope the readers of this school newspaper will join our group. This is my first year as a mentor, but I have already learned that everyone taking part in mentoring gets something out of it.
I was assigned (分配)to a mentor last year. Mentoring was one of the best things that happened to me. I was able to turn the corner at an important point in my studies, going from nearly failing math to passing it. It still amazes me that I completely changed from almost hating math to loving it! Would you believe I'm even thinking of studying math in college? Even if I don't, I have skills that I will use for the rest of my life. My own experience made me feel certain of becoming a mentor this year and helping other students like myself. Now that I am a mentor, I realize what a good feeling you get from helping someone else and knowing that you're making a difference in his or her life. In many situations, lasting friendships are made as well. My mentor and I hit it off right away. And we're still good friends today.
Becoming a mentor is a serious commitment (承诺). Mentors spend one hour every week with the student they are mentoring. Considering your responsibilities, it may be difficult to add another commitment to your schedule. But I hope you will at least consider the possibility.
Thank you for considering our invitation. We look forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely,
Mark Lopez
57. 将划线句子 Our task is to help students reach their goals through mentoring. 翻译成汉语
_______________________________________
58. 参照示例，列举Mark在数学学习方面的两个转变。
①pass the math exams
②_______________________________________
③_______________________________________
59. 从文中找出与"I became friends with my mentor as soon as we met. "句子意思相同或相近的句了。
_______________________________________
60. 根据短文内容填空。每空一词。
Mark, one of the mentors, offered to write a letter to ask the ________ of the school newspaper to consider the possibility of ________ the mentoring group.
【答案】57. 我们的任务是通过指导帮助学生达到他们的目标。
58. (1). have the skills that he will use for the rest of life (2). think of studying math in college
59. My mentor and I hit it off right away.
60. (1). readers (2). joining
【解析】
这是一封信，马克写信给编辑询问读者加入导师组的可能性，介绍了导师组的功能和作用。
【57题详解】
划线的句子是陈述句，主语是our task我们的任务；谓语is是；动词不定式to help做表语，表示“帮助”此处用help sb. do表示“帮助学生达到他们的目标”，“through mentoring”是方式状语，表示“通过指导”。故答案为我们的任务是通过指导帮助学生达到他们的目标。
【58题详解】
根据例子此处用动词原形。根据“thinking of studying math in college”及“ I have skills that I will use for the rest of my life”可知马克在数学上的变化是想到大学学习数学，拥有了余生会使用的技能。故答案为have the skills that he will use for the rest of life和think of studying math in college。
【59题详解】
“I became friends with my mentor as soon as we met”表示“我们一见面我就和导师成为朋友”意义相近的句子是“My mentor and I hit it off right away”我和我导师一见如故，hit off意为与某人相处得好。故答案为My mentor and I hit it off right away.
【60题详解】
句意：马克，我的导师之一，主动提供写信询问学校报纸的读者考虑加入导师组的可能性。
定冠词the后面用名词；介词of后面用名词或动名词。根据第一段“We hope the readers of this school newspaper will join our group”以及倒数第二段“But 1 hope you will at least consider the possibility.”可知此处填名词readers表示“读者”和动名词joining。故答案为readers和joining。

VI. 书面表达
61.请你以谚语"Time and tide wait for no man (时光不等人)"为题，写一篇英语演讲稿。
内容包括：
1、你对这条谚语理解；
2、能体现谚语含义的个人经历或经验；
3、你的个人感悟。
要求：
1、词数80-100 (开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
2、文中不得出现真实姓名和校名等相关信息。
Time and Tide Wait for No Man
Good morning, everyone!
It's my great honor to have a chance to make a speech here. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That's all. Thanks for your listening.
【答案】例文：
Time and Tide Wait for No Man
Good morning, everyone!
It's my great honor to have a chance to make a speech here. The topic of my speech today is “Time and Tide Wait for No Man”.
In my understanding the proverb means that if we allow the invaluable time to waste, it never comes back to you. As a Senior Three student, time is limited for study, so none can afford to waste time.
I still remember the golden time in playing two years ago, as a consequence of which I fell far behind others. Realizing that opportunity seldom knocks twice, I seized every moment to study. Gradually I made great progress and was awarded the honorable title of “Star of Progress”. Dear fellows, with Gaokao drawing near, we should not be content with what we have done. Value your time from now on and it will bring you benefits.
That's all. Thanks for your listening.
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇演讲稿，要求以“时光不等人”为题写一篇演讲稿，需要注意演讲稿的格式，包括开头、正文和结语等。演讲稿内容需包括对谚语的理解、体现谚语含义的个人经历以及个人感悟，三个要点缺一不可。另根据题目要求可知，本文时态为一般现在时和一般过去时为主，人称为第一人称，注意主谓一致问题。
2.例文点评：本文结构紧凑，层次分明。首段开门见山，点明演讲的主题；第二段浅谈自己对“时光不等人”这句谚语的理解；第三段讲述自己的学习经历，借以阐述自己对谚语的感悟；最后一段为礼貌用语。文章要点齐全，运用了正确的人称和时态，符合表达的需要。
3.高分亮点：
短语：come back；afford to do sth；as a consequence；be limited for sth；make great progress。
句型：it作形式主语；that引导的定语从句；which引导的定语从句；祈使句。



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