2022年湖北省鄂州市中考英语真题（解析版）

这是一份2022年湖北省鄂州市中考英语真题（解析版），共19页。试卷主要包含了 非选择题用0， 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁等内容，欢迎下载使用。

鄂州市2022年初中毕业生学业水平考试
英语试题
学校：________________ 考生姓名：________________ 准考证号：________________
注意事项：
1. 本试题卷共8页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 答题前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
3. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答在试题卷上无效。
4. 非选择题用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。答在试题卷上无效。
5. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
·祝考试顺利
第一部分听力部分
一、听力理解（共两节；共20小题，满分25分）
第一节：听下面5个问题。每个问题后有三个答语，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每个问题仅读一遍。（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）
1. A. It's windy. B. It's black. C. It's round.
2. A. Five meters. B. Five yuan. C. Five minutes.
3. A. It's new. B. It's Kate's. C. It's on your sofa.
4. A. Yes, I do. B. Yes, I am. C. Yes, I can.
5. A. Near the lake. B. By car. C. At 7：00.
第二节：听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，根据所提的问题，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。（共15小题；6—10小题每题1分，11—20小题每题1.5分，满分20分）
听下面第1段对话，回答第6、7小题。
6. How long is the trip?
A. For three hours. B. For four hours. C. For five hours.
7. What will the man do on the plane?
A. Have a rest. B. Talk with friends. C. Read some books.
听下面第2段对话，回答第8至10小题。
8. What's the matter with the man?
A. He has a cold. B. He has a fever. C. He has a cough.
9. When did the problem start?
A. Last night. B. This morning. C. Yesterday afternoon.
10. What advice does the woman give the man?
A. He should take some medicine.
B He should lie down and rest.
C. He should drink much water.
听下面第3段对话，回答第11、12小题。
11. How many reading lessons does Jack have every week?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
12. Why does Jack like O. Henry best?
A. Because he is very humorous.
B. Because his stories are very moving.
C. Because his stories usually have unexpected results.
听下面第4段对话，回答第13至15小题。
13. Where are the two speakers?
A. In a library. B. In a store. C. In a school.
14. What color does the girl want?
A. Purple. B. Pink. C. Black.
15. How much are the shoes?
A. $12. B. $20. C. $30.
听下面第5段对话，回答第16、17小题。
16. Where is the woman going?
A. To a bank. B. To a bookstore. C. To a school.
17. Which bus should the woman take?
A. Bus No.2. B. Bus No.6. C. Bus No.8.
听下面第6段独白，回答第18至20小题。
18. Who is the hero in Li Ping's heart?
A. A famous singer. B. A movie star. C. Li Ping's mother.
19. Where does Li Ping's mother work?
A. In a hospital. B. In a school. C. In a factory.
20. What does Li Ping plan to do on Mother's Day?
A. Write a beautiful card. B. Cook a meal. C. Both A and B.
第二部分笔试部分
二、单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1. —What’s the _________ of Beijing Winter Olympics in 2022?
—Together for a Shared Future!
A. plan B. symbol C. theme D. sport
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——2022年北京冬奥会的主题是什么？——携手共创美好未来！
考查名词辨析。plan计划；symbol象征；theme主题；sport运动。根据“Together for a Shared Future!”可知“携手共创美好未来”是北京冬奥会的主题，故选C。
2. — Which do you like _________, Chinese or English?
— Chinese.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你更喜欢哪一个，中文还是英文？——中文。
考查比较级。good好的；well好；bette更好；best最好。根据“Chinese or English?”可知此处是两者比较，应用比较级，故选C。
3. —Dinner is ready. Help yourself, please!
—Wow! It _________ delicious.
A. tastes B. sounds C. turns D. gets
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——晚餐准备好了。请自便！——哇！它尝起来很美味。
考查动词辨析。tastes尝起来；sounds听起来；turns转动；gets变得。此空前的it指代前文提到的dinner，所以晚餐是尝起来美味，故选A。
4. —Whose is this toy truck?
—It _________ belong to Dick. He was the only little kid at the picnic.
A. can’t B. must C. could D. need
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——这辆玩具卡车是谁的？——它一定是迪克的。他是野餐会上唯一的小孩。
考查情态动词。can’t不能；must一定；could可能；need需要。根据“He was the only little kid at the picnic.”可知迪克是野餐会上唯一的小孩，所以这个玩具卡车一定是他的，故选B。
5. — Why are you so excited?
— The scientist Huang Xuhua will come to our school. I can’t wait to see _________.
A. you B. me C. him D. them
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你为什么这么兴奋？——科学家黄旭华将来我们学校。我等不及要见他了。
考查代词辨析。you你；me我；him他；them他们。根据“ Huang Xuhua ”可知此处需要一个代词指代这个科学家，him符合，故选C。
6. — The Law on Family Education Promotion (家庭教育促进法) _________ on Oct. 23, 2021.
— Yeah! It came into effect (生效) on Jan. 1, 2022.
A. passes B. was passed C. passed D. pass
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——2021年10月23日通过《家庭教育促进法》。——是的！它于2022年1月1日生效。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“on Oct. 23, 2021.”可知，本句是一般过去时，可排除AD选项；且主语“The Law on Family Education Promotion”和动词“pass”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态(be done)。故选B。
7. —Your English is very good.
—_________.
A. Yes, you are right B. Yes, it’s my favorite C. Thank you D. Not good
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你的英语很好。——谢谢你。
考查情景交际。Yes, you are right是的，你是对的；Yes, it’s my favorite是的，它是我的最爱；Thank you谢谢；Not good不太好。别人对自己有好的评价，应该表示感谢，故选C。
8. —Would you like to see the movie Changjin Lake this evening?
—Oh, it’s a good movie. But I _________ it already.
A. saw B. have seen C. see D. will see
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——今晚你想看电影《长津湖》吗？——哦，那是一部好电影。但是我已经看过了。
考查时态。根据“already”可知此处表示过去动作对现在的影响，使用现在完成时have/has done。故选B。
9. — Could you please tell me _________ buy a magazine?
— There is a bookstore on the third floor.
A. how can I B. where can I C. how I can D. where I can
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我在哪能买到杂志么？——在第三层有一家书店。
考查宾语从句。“tell me”后是宾语从句，从句是陈述句的语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语动词”。A和B选项的语序错误。根据“There is a bookstore on the third floor”可知从句表达“在哪里能买到杂志”，用疑问词“where”引导从句。故选D。
10. —I think it’s a good habit to _________ new words in a dictionary.
—Yes, that’s helpful to us.
A. look after B. look up C. look at D. look for
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我认为查字典是个好习惯。——是的，那对我们有帮助。
考查动词短语。look after照顾；look up查阅；look at看；look for寻找。根据“new words in a dictionary”可知是查阅单词。故选B。
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Dealing with a nosebleed（鼻出血）might seem simple. But recently, the British RED Cross asked parents with young children how to help a child with a nosebleed. About 65 percent of parents did not ____11____ the correct action to help.
Learning what to do if a little one has a nosebleed will help you ____12____ the situation quickly and calmly. Here, Claire shares the story of how she helped her daughter when her ____13____ was bleeding.
On a very hot and sunny day, Claire took ____14____ daughter Bella, aged almost three and a half, to the park. On the way home, Bella fell ____15____ in the car.
When they got home, Claire found something was wrong ____16____ Bella.
“As I was laying her down, blood started ____17____ from her nose. It was all over her face and down her neck and that made me ____18____,” Claire said.
Having already learned first aid, Claire knew ____19____ to do.
“Bella got upset because of all the ____20____. I sat her up and leant（倾斜）her forward and ____21____ the sides of her nose,” Claire said.
“I knew this wasn’t ____22____ , as leaning her forward would stop the blood from going into her airway or stomach.”
____23____, Bella’s nosebleed stopped after a few minutes.
Claire was glad that she had remembered the key ____24____ to help children with a nosebleed: to pinch the soft part of their nose and ask them to lean forward.
In fact, every parent should ____25____ first aid. Then he or she can save the child in a right way.
11. A. control B. make C. choose D. answer
12. A. agree with B. deal with C. talk with D. play with
13. A. tooth B. ear C. mouth D. nose
14. A. their B. your C. her D. his
15. A. asleep B. awake C. sleepy D. alive
16. A. about B. with C. through D. for
17. A. putting B. working C. getting D. pouring
18. A. happy B. bored C. scared D. dangerous
19. A. what B. where C. how D. when
20. A. blood B. situation C. break D. risk
21. A. hit B. pulled C. hurt D. pressed
22. A. important B. wrong C. necessary D. right
23. A. Suddenly B. Quickly C. Luckily D. Heavily
24. A. spirits B. ways C. places D. shapes
25 A. use B. learn C. find D. show
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. B
【解析】
【导语】本文通过讲述Claire如何帮助女儿止鼻血的经历告诉家长们，应该要掌握一些急救方法。
【11题详解】
句意：大约65%的父母没有选择正确的行动来帮助孩子。
control控制；make制造；choose选择；answer回答。根据“the correct action to help”可知，没有选择正确的止血的方法，故选C。
【12题详解】
句意：如果孩子流鼻血，学会怎么做可以帮助你快速冷静地处理这种情况。
agree with同意；deal with处理；talk with谈论；play with玩耍。根据“the situation quickly and calmly”可知，此处指处理这种情况，故选B。
【13题详解】
句意：在这里，克莱尔分享了她如何在女儿流鼻血时帮助她的故事。
tooth牙齿；ear耳朵；mouth嘴巴；nose鼻子。根据前文“Dealing with a nosebleed（鼻出血）might seem simple”及“was bleeding”可知，本文是讲鼻子流血的处理方法，故选D。
【14题详解】
句意：在一个非常炎热和阳光明媚的日子，克莱尔带着她快三岁半的女儿贝拉去公园。
their他们的；your你的；her她的；his他的。根据“Claire took … daughter Bella, aged almost three and a half”可知，Claire是女性，此处指带着“她的”女儿，故选C。
【15题详解】
句意：在回家的路上，贝拉在车里睡着了。
asleep睡着的；awake醒着的；sleepy困倦的；alive活着的。根据“fell… in the car”可知，此处指在车里睡着了，fall asleep“睡着的”，故选A。
【16题详解】
句意：当他们回到家时，克莱尔发现贝拉有点不对劲。
about关于；with带有；through通过；for为了。something was wrong with sb“某人不对劲”，固定搭配，故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：当我让她躺下时，血开始从她的鼻子里流出来。
putting放；working工作；getting得到；pouring倒出。根据“blood started … from her nose”可知，血从她的鼻子里流出来，故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：她脸上和脖子上都是，这让我很害怕。
happy开心的；bored无聊的；scared害怕的；dangerous危险的。根据“blood started…from her nose”及“It was all over her face and down her neck”可知，她脸上和脖子上都是血，让人感到害怕，故选C。
【19题详解】
句意：由于已经学会了急救，克莱尔知道该怎么做。
what什么；where哪里；how怎样；when何时。此空作动词do的宾语，应填what，故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：贝拉因为所有鼻血而感到担心。
blood血液；situation情况；break裂缝；risk风险。根据前文的描述可知，贝拉鼻子开始流血，所以她因为这个感到担心，故选A。
【21题详解】
句意：我让她坐起来，让她向前倾，按了按她的鼻翼。
hit袭击；pulled拉；hurt伤害；pressed压。根据“the sides of her nose”及常识可知，为了止血，需要按住鼻翼，故选D。
【22题详解】
句意：我知道这并不是错误的。
important重要的；wrong错误的；necessary必要的；right合适的。根据“as leaning her forward would stop the blood from going into her airway or stomach”可知，这种做法是可以阻止血液进入她的气道或胃部，所以是正确的，not wrong=right，所以此空应填wrong，故选B。
【23题详解】
句意：幸运的是，几分钟后，贝拉的鼻血止住了。
Suddenly突然；Quickly快速地；Luckily幸运地；Heavily沉重地。根据“Bella’s nosebleed stopped after a few minutes.”可知，鼻血被止住了是一件幸运的事，故选C。
【24题详解】
句意：克莱尔很高兴她想起了帮助孩子流鼻血的关键方法。
spirits精神；ways方法；places地方；shapes外形。根据前文“Having already learned first aid, Claire knew what to do”及“remembered the key …to help children with a nosebleed”可知，庆幸关键时刻想起了止鼻血的方法，故选B。
【25题详解】
句意：事实上，每个父母都应该学习急救。
use使用；learn学习；find找到；show展示。根据“Then he or she can save the child in a right way”可知，应该学习急救方法，这样关键时刻可以立刻拯救孩子，故选B。
四、阅读理解（共两节；共20小题，满分40分）
第一节（共12小题；每小题2分，满分24分）
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A survey about the students’ free time activities

26. What does the graph（图表）show?
A. Students’ thoughts. B. Students’ free time activities.
C. Students’ study. D. Students’ health.
27. Which is NOT mentioned on the material?
A. Listen to music. B. Use the Internet. C. Watch TV. D. Exercise.
28. What percent of the students use the Internet every day?
A. 90%. B. 85%. C. 45%. D. 15%.
【答案】26. B 27. A 28. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是学生空闲时间活动的调查结果。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A survey about the students’ free time activities”可知，图标显示了学生的空闲时间活动。故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据图表可知，介绍了学生们的三个空余时间活动：使用互联网、看电视和锻炼。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据图表可知，有90%的学生每天使用互联网。故选A。
B
（Li Lin and Li Wei are on the station platform（站台）, saying goodbye to each other. ）
Li Lin: Tell Mum and Dad I’ll miss them…I’ll miss you all.
Li Wei: And we’ll miss you, too.
Li Lin: See you at the Spring Festival.
Li Wei: Take care. Bye!
（Li Lin gets on the train and looks for his seat. ）
Li Lin: Excuse me, sir. I’m afraid you’re sitting in my seat.
Elderly man: I’m sorry, young man. What did you say? I can’t hear very well.
Li Lin: You’ve taken the wrong seat.
Elderly man: Really? Let me look at my ticket. Ah, here it is! Car 9, Seat 12A. This is Seat 12A, isn’t it?
（The ticket officer arrives. ）
Ticket officer: Tickets, please. Please have your tickets ready.
Elderly man: Excuse me, is this Seat 12A?
Ticket officer: Yes, it is. Let’s have a look at your ticket. Oh, I see the problem. This is Seat 12A, but you should be in Car 9. This is Car 8.
Elderly man: Oh, how stupid of me! I’d better go and find Car 9.
（The elderly man gets up and starts to collect his bags. ）
Li Lin: Wait a moment, sir! Please stay here. I’ll take your seat in Car 9.
Elderly man: Well, that’s very good of you. Thank you.
Ticket officer: Yes, thank you, young man.
29. Where are Li Lin and Li Wei?
A. They are at home. B. They are on the train.
C. They are at the railway station. D. They are in a car.
30. Who is Li Wei?
A. She is Li Lin’s sister. B. She is Li Lin’s friend.
C. He is Li Lin’s father. D. He is Li Lin’s classmate.
31. Why is the elderly man sitting in Li Lin’s seat?
A. Because he did not buy a ticket. B. Because he thinks it is his seat.
C. Because he is too tired to move. D. Because he cannot find his seat.
32. What does Li Lin decide to do?
A. Take the seat from the elderly man. B. Ask the ticket officer for help.
C. Change seats with the elderly man. D. Get off the train.
【答案】29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了李林在火车上因为找座位而发生的一件小事，体现出李林是一个善良、热心的人。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“（Li Lin and Li Wei are on the station platform（站台）, saying goodbye to each other. ）”和“Li Lin gets on the train and looks for his seat.”可知，他们在火车站。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Tell Mum and Dad I’ll miss them…I’ll miss you all.”可推知，李薇是李林的姐姐。故选A。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Really? Let me look at my ticket. Ah, here it is! Car 9, Seat 12A. This is Seat 12A, isn’t it?”可知，老人坐在李林的座位上，是因为他认为那是他的座位。故选B。
32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Wait a moment, sir! Please stay here. I’ll take your seat in Car 9.”可知，李林决定和老人换座位。故选C。
C
In my opinion, China’s “Double Reduction” Policy（“双减”政策）aimed at easing（减轻）education-related pressure on parents and children is effective. Now take my home as an example to show how it works.
“Dad! Get up! You promised to take us to the zoo today!” my two daughters shouted together one recent Saturday morning. The clock had just struck seven, but our house had already gotten noisier than the monkeys in the zoo!
For families with children, weekends have become very different. In the past, my wife and I could at least sleep in（睡懒觉）. Then at 9 o’clock, we had to wake up the kids. After throwing them into a tutoring class（辅导班）, we could enjoy several hours to ourselves. But now, these classes are gone altogether. Kids, of course, are happy about this. Every Tuesday or Wednesday evening, my girls would ask me, “Where are we going to spend this coming Saturday?”
Luckily, there are still some classes for them to attend. On Sundays, my girls go to learn ballet and chess. They really enjoy their time there. My elder daughter is old enough to read quietly on her own. On lucky days, we can get her to read together with her sister. Still, a quiet “competition” is on. My girls sometimes talk about how their classmates have spent an exciting weekend. It’s their way of complaining about my laziness.
Weekends are more tiring now for parents, but I think they are good for kids. After all, childhood should be more than just studying school subjects. It should be more colorful.
33. What is the aim of the “Double Reduction” Policy?
A. To ease education-related pressure on parents and children.
B. To make parents stay with their children at weekends.
C. To make parents have more time for themselves at weekends.
D. To make children and their parents have a good time at weekends.
34. What did the writer do with his children one recent Saturday morning?
A. They travelled to the countryside. B. They went camping.
C. They went to the zoo. D. They went to a tutoring class.
35. When the tutoring classes are gone altogether, children are________.
A. tired B. sad C. happy D. surprised
36. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The writer’s elder daughter is old enough to read quietly by herself.
B. The “Double Reduction” Policy is effective.
C. The writer’s children learn ballet and chess on Sundays now.
D. Weekends are more relaxing for parents because of the “Double Reduction” Policy.
37. What might be the writer’s attitude（态度）toward the Policy?
A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Doubtful. D. Unsure.
【答案】33. A 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述中国的 “双减”政策对父母和孩子的影响。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“China’s ‘Double Reduction’ Policy aimed at easing education-related pressure on parents and children is effective”可知，中国“双减”政策的目的是为了减轻父母和孩子与教育有关的压力。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“ ‘Dad! Get up! You promised to take us to the zoo today!’ my two daughters shouted together one recent Saturday morning.”可知，在最近的周六，作者和孩子去了动物园。故选C。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But now, these classes are gone altogether. Kids, of course, are happy about this”可知，辅导班的课取消之后，孩子们很开心。故选C。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Weekends are more tiring now for parents”可知，现周末对于父母来说更累了。D选项表述错误。故选D。
【37题详解】
态度观点题。根据最后一段“I think they are good for kids”及“childhood should be more than just studying school subjects. It should be more colorful”可知，作者认为这个政策对孩子是有好处的，对于“双减”政策是支持的态度。故选A。
第二节（共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分）
D
根据文段内容，给每个文段选择一个最合适的标题。其中有一项为多余选项。
38. Many people like animals and take them as their pets. Nowadays pet hospitals are very busy. Persons who love animals are needed to work in busy animal hospitals.
39. What about a robot for a pet? This may sound silly, but it could become true. Robot dogs have been made to bark like real dogs. These “pets” might become more and more popular in the future. After all, robots don’t lose hair or chew on things the way real pets do.
40. Lots of people miss their pets while they are on holiday. One hotel in Minnesota, USA, has solved this problem. They lend cats to their guests. Many experts believe this idea will become more and more popular. It is very possible that in the future you will be able to order a pet, as well as room service, at a hotel.
A. Enjoying pets at hotels
B. Assistants needed in pet hospitals
C. Robots for pets
D. Smaller pets
【答案】38. B 39. C 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述宠物医院需要助手，在未来机器宠物的出现以及酒店提供宠物给客人的服务。
【38题详解】
根据“Nowadays pet hospitals are very busy. Persons who love animals are needed to work in busy animal hospitals”现在宠物医院非常繁荣，忙碌的宠物医院需要关爱动物的人在那里工作。可知，这一段与宠物医院需要助手有关。标题“Assistants needed in pet hospitals”符合。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据“What about a robot for a pet”及“Robot dogs have been made to bark like real dogs”可知，这一段与机器宠物有关。标题“Robots for pets”符合。故选C。
【40题详解】
根据“One hotel in Minnesota, USA, has solved this problem. They lend cats to their guests”可知，讲述酒店为客人提供猫。根据“It is very possible that in the future you will be able to order a pet, as well as room service, at a hotel”可知，讲述在未来，在酒店可以预订宠物。标题“Enjoying pets at hotels”符合。故选A。
E
阅读下列材料，根据其内容完成阅读任务。
What’s the Silk Road? In history, it was an important international trade route（贸易路线）between China and the Mediterranean Sea（地中海）. The Silk Road began in the Western Han Dynasty and has a history of more than 2,000 years.
In the past, the road started in Chang’an（now Xi’an）and ended in Eastern Europe near the Mediterranean Sea. It was about 6,500 kilometers long and went across 1/4 of the world.
The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century because Chinese silk was famous, and traders carried it to other places along this road. Traders also carried porcelain and other things to the West. And glass, gems and food like carrots from the West came to China.
The Silk Road was very important to both China and the rest of the world. It was more than an international trade route. Lots of arts and science of other countries came to China across the Silk Road. In this way, languages and cultures influenced each other.
Today, China is trying to make the dream of the Belt and Road come true.
41. How long was the Silk Road in the past?
42. The Silk Road got its name because traders ____________ to other places along this road.
43. What does the underlined word “traders” mean in Chinese?
44. Across the Silk Road, ____________ and _____________ in both China and the rest of the world influenced each other.
45. What is the passage mainly about?
________________________________________________________
【答案】41. About 6500 kilometers.
42. carried silk 43. 商人
44. ①. languages ②. cultures
45. The history of the Silk Road.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了丝绸之路的历史。
【41题详解】
根据“In the past...It was about 6,500 kilometers long and went across 1/4 of the world.”可知过去丝绸之路长约6500公里，横跨世界的四分之一。故填About 6500 kilometers.
【42题详解】
根据“The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century because Chinese silk was famous, and traders carried it to other places along this road. ”可知丝绸之路得名于19世纪，因为中国丝绸很有名，商人们把它运到了这条路的其他地方。故填carried silk。
【43题详解】
根据“Because Chinese silk was famous, and traders carried it to other places along this road.”可知traders应指人，再根据“Traders also carried porcelain and other things to the West. And glass, gems and food like carrots from the West came to China.”可推出其意思为“商人”，故填：商人。
【44题详解】
根据“Lots of arts and science of other countries came to China across the Silk Road. In this way, languages and cultures influenced each other.”可知许多其他国家的艺术和科学跨越丝绸之路来到中国。就这样，语言和文化相互影响。故填languages；cultures。
【45题详解】
通读全文可知，文章主要描述了丝绸之路的历史，故填The history of the Silk Road.
五、短文填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
根据下面短文内容，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。

Beep! Beep! Beep! The barcode（条形码）technology makes it faster and easier to buy things in stores. You have probably seen the black-and-white barcode on ___46___ (product) packaging（外包装）. In 2022, the great invention is 51 years old.
In 1971, an IBM engineer named George Laurer ___47___ (come) up with a code（代码）that could be printed on food packages. Then, a complete code system（系统）, the barcode was formed later. The system was used by many ___48___ (company) from 1973. Before this, shopkeepers had to ___49___ (record) prices by hand which took much time and energy.
Actually, a barcode is ___50___ (real) a simple idea: show each product’s information in different numbers（just like the ID card number）, then ___51___ (include) these numbers into a code and print it for computers to read. Today, barcodes are scanned（扫描）over six billion times every day and used by two ___52___ (million) companies.
What information does a barcode carry? Where the product comes from, ___53___ (it) price, production date…It can also help stores always ___54___ (know) about their products. For example, if there are 10 boxes of milk and a customer buys one, it will be recorded so that the store owner knows there are nine boxes _____55_____ (leave) on the shelf. In the 1980s, libraries started to use barcodes to follow their books in this way.
【答案】46. product
47. came 48. companies
49. record 50. really
51. include
52. million
53. its 54. know##to know
55. left
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了条形码的发明使用所带来的便利。
【46题详解】
句意：你可能已经看过产品包装上的黑白条码。product“产品”，此处表示“产品外包装”，用结构“product packaging”，名词作定语。故填product。
【47题详解】
句意：1971 年，一位名叫George Laurer的IBM工程师提出了一种可以打印在食品包装上的代码。come up with“想出”，根据“In 1971”可知句子使用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填came。
【48题详解】
句意：该系统从1973年开始被许多公司使用。many后加可数名词复数companies“公司”。故填companies。
【49题详解】
句意：在此之前，店主必须手工记录价格，耗费大量时间和精力。record“记录”，had to do sth.“不得不做某事”。故填record。
【50题详解】
句意：实际上，条码其实是一个很简单的想法：用不同的数字显示每个产品的信息。real“真的”，此处表示强调用副词really。故填really。
【51题详解】
句意：然后将这些数字包含在代码中并打印出来供计算机读取。根据“show...then”可知此处表述动词的顺承，形式应一致，此处用动词原形include“包括”。故填include。
【52题详解】
句意：今天，条形码每天被扫描超过60亿次，并被200万家公司使用。million“百万”前有具体数字，应用单数形式。故填million。
【53题详解】
句意：产品的来源、价格、生产日期……空格后是名词，应用形容词性物主代词its“它的”。故填its。
【54题详解】
句意：它还可以帮助商店始终了解他们的产品。know“知道”，help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”。故填(to) know。
【55题详解】
句意：它将被记录下来，以便店主知道货架上还剩下九个盒子。句中已有谓语动词，此处用非谓语，此处“boxes”和“leave剩下”是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填left。
六、书面表达（满分15分）
56. 《义务教育英语课程标准》（2011年版）要求初中毕业生英语课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上。请你就“How to Read Widely”（如何广泛阅读）为题，谈谈你的看法。
写作要点：
1. Why is reading widely useful to you?
2. How do you usually read?
3. What’s your advice?
写作要求：
1. 文中不得出现真实校名和师生姓名。
2. 文章必须包括所有写作要点。
3. 词数80左右。（开头已经给出，不计入总词数）
How to Read Widely
It’s useful for us to read widely. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
How to Read Widely
It’s useful for us to read widely. It helps us have a wide knowledge of different subjects and it also develops our logical thinking and opens up a new world for us.
I often choose what I am interested in to read, such as history books, story books and on so. I often borrow books from the library. And if I love the book very much, I will buy it and read it again and again.
So I think we can choose the books that we are interested in and spare some time every day to read. I believe it will benefit us.
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文以“How to Read Widely”为题，根据题干中提示的问题进行写作，可适当增加细节。
2.写作指导：本文以一般现在时为主，人称以第一人称为主。第一段主要讲述广泛阅读的好处；第二段讲述自己是如何阅读的；第三段讲述自己的建议。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰、逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误。