江苏省扬州市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份江苏省扬州市2021年中考英语试题（解析版），共25页。

扬州市 2021年初中毕业、升学统一考试英语试题
说明∶
1. 本试卷共 8 页, 包含选择题（第1 题～第 45 题, 共 45 题）、非选择题（第46 题～第 81 题, 共 36 题）两部分。满分 120 分, 考试时间为100 分钟。考试结束后, 请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
2. 答题前, 考生务必将本人的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置上, 同时务必在试卷的装订线内将本人的姓名、准考证号、毕业学校填写好, 在试卷第 4页的右下角填写好座位号。 3. 所有的试题都必须在专用的"答题卡"上作答, 选择题用 2B 铅笔作答、非选择题在指定位置用 0. 5 毫米黑色水笔作答。在试卷或草稿纸上答题无效。
一、单项选择（共 15 小题;每小题1分, 计 15 分）
在下列各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选择一个能填人题干空白处的最佳答案。
1. As ________ teacher, it’s important to be ________ good role model for their students.
A. the; a B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：作为一名教师，为学生做一个好榜样是很重要的。
考查冠词的用法。a/an不定冠词，表示泛指，the定冠词，表示特指。两处均表示泛指“一个”，teacher和good都是以辅音音素开头的单词，都用a。故选C。
2. —Which colour do you like, red or blue?
— ________. I like green.
A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. None
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么颜色，红色还是蓝色？——都不喜欢。我喜欢绿色。
考查代词辨析。Either两者中任何一个；Both两者都；Neither两者都不；None三者或三者以上都不。根据选项“red or blue”和空后“I like green.”可知，空处应是表示“两者都不”。故选C。
3. China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet _______ May 15, 2021.
A. on B. in C. at D. to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：中国首个火星探测器“祝融”于2021年5月15日在火星上着陆。
考查介词辨析。on其后加星期或具体的时间；in其后加早中晚/季节/月份/年份等；at其后加时间点等；to到。根据“May 15, 2021”可知，是具体的某一天，故选A。
4. I can’t believe you made the life—like cat out of paper. How _______ you are!
A. loyal B. creative C. helpful D. organized
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：真不敢相信你用纸做了一只栩栩如生的猫。你多么有创造力呀！
考查形容词辨析。loyal忠诚的；creative有创造力的；helpful有帮助的；organized有组织的。根据“I can’t believe you made the life—like cat out of paper”可知，感叹对方很有创造力，故选B。
5. —________ do you play basketball with your friends?
— Only once a week.
A. How long B. How much C. How soon D. How often
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：——你多久和你的朋友打一次篮球？——一周一次。
考查特殊疑问句。how long多久，多长；how much多少；how soon多久以后；how often多久一次。根据回答“Only once a week.”可知，此处是问频率，应该用how often提问。故选D。
6. —Have you watched the film Gulliver’s Travels?
—Yes, I ________ it during the Spring Festival. What about you?
A. watch B. watched C. will watch D. have watched
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你看过《格列佛游记》这部电影吗？——看过，我在春节期间看的。你呢？
考查一般过去时。根据“during the Spring Festival”可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，故选B。
7. We ________ see which way to go if the stars do not twinkle（闪耀）so.
A. can not B. should not C. must not D. need not
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：如果星星不这样闪烁，我们就不能看见往哪个方向走。
考查情态动词。can not不能；should not不应该；must not不必、不允许；need not不需要。根据“if the stars do not twinkle（闪耀）so.”结合“We … see which way to go”，可知如果星星不这样闪烁，我们就不能看见往哪个方向走，因此用can not“不能”，故选A。
8. — How did you come to Baoying?
— By high-speed rail. It ________ me only 28 minutes to get here.
A. spent B. paid C. lost D. took
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你是怎么来宝应的？——坐高铁。只花了我28分钟就到了这里。
考查动词辨析。spent花费，主语是人；paid付款，主语是人；lost失去；took花费，主语是it或物。根据“It…me only 28 minutes to get here.”可知，此处是“it takes/took sb+时间+to do sth”句型，故选D。
9. In many countries, people put their fingers up to their mouths ________ silence.
A. ask for B. asking for C. to ask for D. asked for
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在许多国家，人们把手指放在嘴里要求安静。
考查非谓语动词。分析“people put their fingers up to their mouths…silence”可知，此处表示目的，用动词不定式作目的状语，故选C。
10. — We can always find something good in a bad ________ if we look for it.
— It’s so true. Let’s make full use of what comes.
A. situation B. direction C. instruction D. competition
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——如果我们去寻找，总能在逆境中找到好的东西。——太对了。让我们充分利用所得到的。
考查名词辨析。situation情况；direction方向；instruction指导；competition比赛。根据“We can always find something good in a bad…”可知，此处指“在不好的情况下/在逆境中”，故选A。
11. He said that he would pass the exam and this ________ to be true.
A. turned out B. put out C. broke out D. tried out
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：他说他会通过考试，结果果真如此。
考查动词短语辨析。turned out结果是；put out扑灭；broke out爆发；tried out试验。根据“He said that he would pass the exam and this…to be true.”可知，此处强调结果，故选A。
12. ________ we always wait for another day, fruitlessly our life will pass away.
A. Until B. If C. Although D. Whether
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：如果我们总是等待另一天，我们的生命将徒劳地逝去。
考查连词辨析。Until直到……；If如果；Although虽然；Whether是否。分析前后句句意，前句是后句动作发生的条件，故空处连词应用if，如果。故选B。
13. — Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu?
— Sure, You ________ to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.
A. were expected B. will expect C. are expecting D. are expected
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：——吴老师，下周我们一定要读一些什么吗?——当然，你们要读《黑骏马》从58页到85页。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据上文“Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu?”结合“Sure, You … to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.”可知主语和谓语动词expect之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用被动语态，句子时态是一般现在时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，即be+动词的过去分词，主语是you，be动词用are，expect的过去分词是expected，故选D。
14. —By the way, could you tell us ________?
—From the Internet.
A. why are you interested in our company
B. why you are interested in our company
C. where did you hear about our company
D. where you heard about our company
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——顺便问一下，你能告诉我们你是在哪里听说我们公司的吗？——从互联网。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据答语“From the Internet.”可知，强调出处，故选D。
15. — Are your parents against your leaving home to work in Shanghai?
—________. They say there are more chances in big cities.
A. Don’t mention it B. Of course not C. That’s all right D. With pleasure
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你的父母反对你离开家到上海工作吗？——当然不。他们说在大城市有更多的机会。
考查情景交际。Don’t mention it不客气；Of course not当然不；That’s all right没关系；With pleasure乐意效劳。根据“They say there are more chances in big cities.”可知，父母不反对，故选B。
二、完形填空（共 15 小题;每小题1分, 计 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
One Saturday afternoon, Amy found Meg and Jo getting well dressed. They were going to the theater with Laurie. She wanted to come.
“I can’t take you, dear, because you aren’t ___16___,” began Meg, but Jo cut in ___17___ “You can’t go, Amy. Laurie invited only Meg and me.” Amy cried, “You’ll be ___18___ this, Jo March.”
While Jo and Meg were at the theater, Amy ___19___ Jo’s book of writings. Jo’s loving work of several years was gone in the fire.
That night, Mother asked Jo to forgive（原谅）her sister, but Jo ___20___.
The next day, Jo went to the river with Laurie to skate on the ice. Amy followed them. Jo saw her coming and turned her back. But Laurie did not ___21___ Amy. He warned Jo to stay away from the middle of the river. The ice there was ___22___. Jo heard him, but Amy did not.
Something turned Jo round. She happened to see Amy throw up her hands and go down, with a scaring cry. The ice ___23___. Jo tried to call Laurie, but her ___24___ was gone. She tried to rush forward, but her feet seemed to have no ___25___ in them. Laurie’s voice cried out, “Bring a rail（横杆）, Jo. Quick, quick!”
She never knew ___26___ she did it, but for the next few minutes she worked, blindly obeying Laurie. Together they got the child out. Amy was more scared than ___27___.
When Mother had put Amy to bed, Jo whispered, “Are you sure she is ___28___ . Quite safe, dear. She is not hurt, and won’t even catch cold,” replied her mother cheerfully.
“Mother, I had kept my anger ___29___ it grew so strong. Today, without ___30___, it might have been too late. Oh, Mother, what shall I do?”
“Anger can make us do very bad things to people we love. We must learn to control our anger,” said Mrs March.
Jo looked at Amy in her bed and gave her a big kiss.
—Taken from Little Women
16. A. invited B. hired C. trained D. interviewed
17. A. curiously B. politely C. impatiently D. uncertainly
18. A. tired of B. confident of C. famous for D. sorry for
19. A. burned up B. got up C. put up D. set up
20. A. regretted B. refused C. agreed D. cheered
21. A. hold B. hear C. treat D. see
22. A. thin B. strong C. dirty D. narrow
23. A. broke B. froze C. shook D. gathered
24. A. sound B. pronunciation C. voice D. courage
25. A. energy B. strength C. challenge D. noise
26. A. whatever B. when C. where D. how
27. A. worried B. hurt C. trapped D. bored
28. A. asleep B. alive C. safe D. generous
29. A. after B. unless C. because D. till
30. A. Amy B. Meg C. Laurie D. you
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C
【解析】
【分析】本文节选自《小妇人》，讲述姐妹之间发生的故事。
【16题详解】
句意：我不能带你去，亲爱的，因为你没被邀请。
invited邀请；hired雇佣；trained训练；interviewed采访。根据“Laurie invited only Meg and me.”可知，Amy没有被邀请，故选A。
【17题详解】
句意：可Jo不耐烦地打断了她。
curiously好奇地；politely礼貌地；impatiently不耐心地；uncertainly不确定地。根据“You can’t go, Amy.”可知，Jo很不耐烦，故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：你会后悔的，Jo March。
tired of厌烦；confident of自信；famous for出名；sorry for抱歉，后悔。根据“Amy cried”和“Jo’s loving work of several years was gone in the fire.”可知，Amy威胁Jo，并且烧掉了Jo的书，“后悔”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
句意：当Jo和Meg去剧院时，Amy把Jo的著作烧掉了。
burned up烧掉；got up起床；put up张贴；set up设立。根据“Jo’s loving work of several years was gone in the fire.”可知，是烧掉了，故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：那天晚上，母亲请求Jo原谅她妹妹，可Jo拒绝了。
regretted后悔；refused拒绝；agreed同意；cheered欢呼。根据“but”可知，前后句意出现转折，“拒绝”符合语境，故选B。
【21题详解】
句意：可是Laurie没有看见Amy。
hold举办；hear听见；treat对待；see看见。根据“Jo saw her coming and turned her back. But Laurie did not…Amy.”可知，Jo看见了Amy，但是Laurie却没看见，故选D。
【22题详解】
句意：那里的冰很薄。
thin瘦的；strong强壮的；dirty脏的；narrow狭窄的。根据“He warned Jo to stay away from the middle of the river.”可知，Laurie警告Jo不要到河中央去，因为冰很薄，故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：冰破了。
broke打破；froze冷冻；shook摇动；gathered聚集。根据“She happened to see Amy throw up her hands and go down, with a scaring cry.”可知，Amy掉了下去，所以冰破了，故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：Jo想叫Laurie，可她的声音听不见了。
sound声音；pronunciation发音；voice嗓音；courage勇气。根据“Jo tried to call Laurie, but her…was gone.”可知，Jo想叫但是发出的声音听不到了，人的声音是嗓音，故选C。
【25题详解】
句意：她试图向前冲去，但她的脚似乎没有了力量。
energy能量；strength力量；challenge挑战；noise噪音。根据“She tried to rush forward, but her feet seemed to have no…in them.”可知，她的脚没了力气，没办法向前冲，故选B。
【26题详解】
句意：她不知道自己是怎么做到的，但接下来的几分钟里，她盲目地服从Laurie。
whatever无论什么；when何时；where哪里；how如何。分析“She never knew…she did it”可知，本句不缺成分，强调方式，故选D。
【27题详解】
句意：跟受伤相比，Amy更害怕。
worried担心的；hurt受伤的；trapped困住的；bored无聊的。根据“She is not hurt, and won’t even catch cold”可知，她没受伤，只是很害怕，故选B。
【28题详解】
句意：你确定她安全吗？
asleep睡着的；alive活着的；safe安全的；generous慷慨的。根据“Quite safe”可知，是安全的，故选C。
【29题详解】
句意：妈妈，我一直把我的怒气压得很厉害。
after在……之后；unless除非；because因为；till直到。分析“I had kept my anger…it grew so strong.”可知，此处表示“一直把怒气压得很厉害”，用till引导时间状语从句，故选D。
【30题详解】
句意：今天，没有Laurie，一切可能都太迟了。
Amy艾米；Meg梅格；Laurie劳里；you你。根据前文描述可知，多亏了Laurie，不然可能会有生命危险，故选C。
三、阅读理解（共 15 小题;每小题2分, 计 30 分）
阅读下列内容, 从每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Is it possible to have a diet（日常饮食）that’s both healthy and friendly to our planet? Here are answers to your eco-friendly food questions.
Does what I eat influence climate（气候）change?
Yes. The world’s food system is responsible for（为……负责）about one quarter of the planet—warming greenhouse gases that humans produce each year. That includes raising and harvesting all the plants, animals, and animal products we eat, as well as processing, packaging, and shipping food to markets all over the world.
Which foods have the largest influence?
In general, beef and lamb have the biggest climate footprint per gram of protein while plant—based foods like beans, rice, corn and wheat have the smallest influence. Pork, chicken, eggs are somewhere in the middle.
Is there a simple food choice I can make?
Studies have shown that people who eat a meat—heavy diet can reduce their food—related footprint by one third or more by moving to a vegan diet — no meat, dairy（乳制品）, or eggs. If you don’t want to go that far, just eat less meat.
Can I really make a difference to our planet?
We need more food to feed the world’s growing population. One person alone can make only a tiny difference. If many people make changes to their diets, that will start to add up. It will make a greater difference if the world’s heaviest meat eaters make some changes to their diets.
31. According to the passage, which foods have the smallest influence on our planet?
A. Beef and lamb. B. Rice and corn. C. Chicken and pork. D. Beans and beef.
32. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. One person alone makes no difference to our planet.
B. Shipping food a lover the world has no influence on climate change.
C. All the planet—warming greenhouse gases come from the food system.
D. Meat eaters can reduce their food—related footprint by eating less meat.
33. What is the best title for the passage?
A. How to produce more meat B. How to make more plant—based foods
C. How to eat better for the planet D. How to ask eco—friendly food questions
【答案】31. B 32. D 33. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是围绕环保食品的四个问题进行了解答，分别是：吃什么会影响气候变化；哪些食物影响最大；能做出简单的食物选择吗；真的能改变我们的星球吗。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“plant—based foods like beans, rice, corn and wheat have the smallest influence”可知，豆类、大米、玉米和小麦等植物性食品的影响最小，故选B。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据“heavy diet can reduce their food—related footprint by one third or more by moving to a vegan diet — no meat, dairy（乳制品）, or eggs. If you don’t want to go that far, just eat less meat”可知，肉食者可以通过少吃肉来减少与食物相关的碳足迹，所以D表述正确，故选D。
【33题详解】
最佳标题。根据“Is it possible to have a diet（日常饮食）that’s both healthy and friendly to our planet? Here are answers to your eco-friendly food questions”可知，本文主要通过回答四个环保食品的问题来告诉大家如何为地球吃得更好，故选C。
B

Roberta, Peter and Phyllis lived in a large house in London. Father worked hard in a government office. He was never angry and always ready for a game. Mother was almost at home, ready to play with the children, and read to them, and help them do their home—lessons.
These three lucky children always had everything they needed: pretty clothes, good fires, a lovely playroom and a dog called James. They had a happy life, but they did not know how happy till the pretty life in the large house was over.
Peter had a toy engine and it broke. After dinner, Peter showed Father the engine. Father looked it over and promised to do it on Saturday.
At that moment two men came to see Father. Minutes passed. Father’s voice came out from the study, loud and angry.
More time passed. Then Mother came in and said, “Father’s been called away— on business.”
A week after their father went away, their mother said, “Now, we’re going to move to the country. A pretty little white house, called Three Chimneys. ”
The family started packing: clothes, plates, candles and also tables and chairs. “We seem to be taking all the ugly things,” said Roberta.
“We’re taking the useful ones,” said Mother. “We’ve got to play at being poor for a bit.”
Peter said joyously, “I do like moving! I wish we moved once a month.” Mother laughed and said, “I don’t like moving!”
As she turned away, Roberta saw her face. She never forgot it.
“Oh, Mother,” she whispered, “how I love you! You are brave enough to laugh when you’re feeling like that! ”
Then they took a train to Three Chimneys. No one knew how long they had been in the train when Mother woke them up.
They stood in the cold night air on the dark platform. At that moment they didn’t know how important the station and the trains would become to them. They didn’t know they were going to be the railway children.
— Taken from The Railway Children
34. The family packed things like plates and candles because Mother thought they were ________.
A. useful B. new C. expensive D. beautiful
35. Which of the following questions is answered in this passage?
A. How did Peter’s toy engine break?
B. When would the children’s father be home?
C. What was the family like before Father was away?
D. What was the family’s life like in Three Chimneys?
36. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Phyllis wanted to move a house once a month.
B. Father said goodbye to the children when he left.
C. Mother wanted to leave London and move to the country
D. Mother was brave enough to laugh when she was feeling sad.
37. What can we infer（推断）from the underlined sentences in the last paragraph?
A. The children don’t like their life in London.
B. The station has nothing to do with the family’s future life.
C. Something is going to happen to the children later in the story.
D. Parents can better deal with life changes than their children.
【答案】34. A 35. C 36. D 37. C
【解析】
【分析】文章大意：本文节选自《铁路少年》，讲述了三个幸运的孩子在爸爸被捕前过着幸福的生活，爸爸被捕后，妈妈带着他们被迫搬到铁路附近乡下的故事。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据““We’re taking the useful ones,” said Mother.”可知，妈妈认为它们是有用的，故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Father worked hard in a government office. He was never angry and always ready for a game. Mother was almost at home, ready to play with the children, and read to them, and help them do their home—lessons.”父亲在政府部门辛勤工作。他从不生气，总是准备好玩游戏。妈妈快到家了，准备和孩子们一起玩，念书给他们听，帮他们做家庭功课。以及“These three lucky children always had everything they needed: pretty clothes, good fires, a lovely playroom and a dog called James. They had a happy life,…”这三个幸运的孩子总是有他们需要的一切：漂亮的衣服，温暖的炉火，一个可爱的游戏室和一只叫詹姆斯的狗。他们过着幸福的生活，……。可知文章中描述了在爸爸离开之前，家里是什么样的，故选C。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“"Oh, Mother, "she whispered, "how I love you! You are brave enough to laugh when you’re feeling like that!" “啊，妈妈，”她低声说，“我多么爱你！当你有这种感觉的时候，你有足够的勇气笑出来!””可以推知，妈妈很勇敢，当她难过的时候她还能保持微笑，故选D。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容，爸爸被捕后，妈妈带着他们搬到了铁路附近的乡下，结合“At that moment they didn’t know how important the station and the trains would become to them. They didn’t know they were going to be the railway children.在那一刻，他们根本不知道车站和火车对他们会有多么重要。他们不知道他们将成为铁路儿童。”可以推知，在这个故事中，孩子们将会发生一些事情。故选C。
C
As a mountain, 1,642-foot Squaw Peak isn’t that impressive. But its views attract many hikers（远足者）. Henry Grant, a college student at Ithaca College, was one of them.
While waiting for his mother one day in August, 2019, Grant watched other hikers enjoy the view. One hiker, dressed in pink, was looking over the lip of the cliff（悬崖）with her husband.
When Grant’s mother rejoined him, the two continued on their way. Suddenly, he heard something scaring: “Paula! Paula!” a man shouted crazily. Grant turned around quickly. ________
Several hikers immediately started looking for her, but their view was screened by trees. Uncertain they could help, Grant and his mother headed down the trail. But when he saw some hikers still searching, he decided to lend a hand. After promising his mother that he would be safe, he went on alone.
After 15 minutes of climbing over large rocks, pushing past bushes, and slipping（滑） down loose earth, Grant found a pink figure. The woman had fallen about 75 feet. Luckily, she was alive.
“Paula! Paula!” Grant shouted. The woman didn’t reply. She was badly hurt. Grant called the police to report her location. She kept trying to move, and every time she moved, she slipped a little more. Afraid that in her unclear state of mind she might fall off the rock to her death, Grant climbed on all fours up a tight, narrow path by digging into the earth with his fingers and feet until he reached Paula.
Paula was moaning, almost senseless. Grant gently put her hand in his, trying to keep her mind off the pain by keeping asking her questions: “Where are you from? Do you have kids?” Soon, they were joined on their perch（歇脚处）by another hiker named Simon.
About 45 minutes later, first rescuers（救援者）arrived. Paula and her husband were flown to a hospital. Five hours after the woman in pink had fallen, Grant was back on top of Squaw Peak.
38. Which sentence should go in the empty line in Paragraph 3?
A. He ran as fast as possible to save Paula.
B. His mother turned around at the same time.
C. The woman in pink was nowhere to be seen.
D. Other hikers were scared by the terrible shout.
39. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Grant had no difficulty in reaching Paula.
B. Simon and Grant’s mother joined in saving Paula.
C. Paula and her husband were both badly wounded and saved.
D. Grant asked Paula questions to keep her mind off the pain.
40. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 7 refers to（指的是）________.
A. first rescuers B. Paula and Grant
C. Grant and his mother D. Paula and her husband
41. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. How a woman fell 75 feet from a mountain cliff.
B. How a young man tried his best to save a stranger.
C. How a woman managed to survive a terrible accident.
D. How a young man made a decision in face of danger.
【答案】38. C 39. D 40. B 41. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍Grant尽力拯救陌生人的故事。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据“One hiker, dressed in pink, was looking over the lip of the cliff（悬崖）with her husband.”和“Several hikers immediately started looking for her”可推知，此处应该是描述穿粉色衣服的女士的状况，“那个穿粉红色衣服的女人不见了”符合语境，故选C。
39题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Paula was moaning, almost senseless. Grant gently put her hand in his, trying to keep her mind off the pain by keeping asking her questions”可知，Grant不停地问她问题，试图让她忘记痛苦。故选D。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Paula was moaning, almost senseless. Grant gently put her hand in his, trying to keep her mind off the pain by keeping asking her questions”可知，Paula呻吟着，几乎失去了知觉；Grant轻轻地把她的手放在自己的手里，不停地问她问题，试图让她忘记痛苦。此处they指的是Paula和Grant，故选B。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文向我们介绍Grant尽力拯救陌生人的故事。故选B。
D
Ever wondered why your virtual（虚拟的）home helper doesn't understand your questions? Or why your navigation app took you on the side street instead of the highway? In a study published April 21st in the journal iScience, Italian researchers, Arianna Pipitone and Antonio Chella, designed a robot that “thinks out loud”.
To explore how inner speech might influence a robot’s actions, the researchers built a robot called Pepper that speaks to itself. It has the ability to reason and think. They then asked people to set the dinner table with Pepper according to etiquette（礼仪）rules. In one experiment, the user asked Pepper to lay the napkin at the wrong place, going against the rules. Pepper started asking itself a series of self-directed questions and concluded that the user might be mistaken. To be sure, Pepper confirmed the user’s order, which led to further inner speech.
“Ehm, this situation troubles me. I would never break the rules, but I can’t make the user unhappy, so I’m doing what he wants,” Pepper said to itself, laying the napkin where it was required to be. Through Pepper’s inner voice, the user can learn Pepper was facing a difficult situation and solved it by prioritizing the user’s order.
Comparing Pepper’s actions with and without inner speech, Pipitone and Chella discovered the robot had a higher task-completion rate when having self-dialogue.
However, some people find the robot spends more time completing tasks when it talks to itself. The robot’s inner speech is also limited to the knowledge that researchers gave it. Pepper’s designers still say their work provides a framework（构架）to further explore how self-dialogue can help robots focus, plan, and learn. “In some ways, we are creating a generational（世代的）robot that likes to chat. From navigation apps and the camera on your phone to medical robots in the operation rooms, machines and computers alike can take advantage of this chatty feature,” says Chella.
42. Why does the writer ask two questions at the very beginning of the passage?
A. To draw the reader’s attention to the topic.
B. To show the writer likes electronic products
C. To tell the reader about the history of robots.
D. To prove the writer often faces trouble in life.
43. Why was Pepper asked to lay the napkin at the wrong place?
A. To see how much time Pepper spent laying the napkin.
B. To confirm how popular Pepper was among its users.
C. To test how many etiquette rules Pepper remembered
D. To study how self-dialogue might influence Pepper’s actions.
44. What does the underlined word “prioritizing” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. repeating B. dealing with… first C. going against D. complaining about
45. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The designers are proud of their work about Pepper.
B. Pepper has already been in use in the operation rooms.
C. Pepper’s inner speech depends on its user’s communication skills.
D. With or without inner speech, Pepper could complete a task equally well.
【答案】42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍意大利研究人员Arianna Pipitone和Antonio Chella设计了一个能“自言自语”的机器人。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。作者开篇提出问题，是为了引起读者注意，吸引读者兴趣，故选A。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据“To explore how inner speech might influence a robot’s actions, the researchers built a robot called Pepper that speaks to itself… In one experiment, the user asked Pepper to lay the napkin at the wrong place, going against the rules.”可知，Pepper被要求把餐巾放在错误的地方是为了研究自我对话如何影响Pepper的行为。故选D。
【44题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“Through Pepper’s inner voice, the user can learn Pepper was facing a difficult situation and solved it by prioritizing the user’s order.”可知，通过Pepper的内心声音，用户可以了解到Pepper正面临着一个困难的情况，并通过优先考虑用户的要求来解决它。此处prioritizing的意思是“优先考虑、处理”，故选B。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，通过对Pepper的研究，后续可能会将此类机器人应用到更广泛的领域，所以推测设计师们对他们的作品感到自豪。故选A。
四、词汇运用（共 10 小题;每小题1分, 计10 分）
根据句子意思, 用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在答题卡标有题号的横线上, 写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
46. My parents and I had a _______ journey to Hainan. (wonder)
【答案】wonderful
【解析】
【详解】句意：我和父母去海南的旅行很愉快。此处作定语修饰journey，用wonder的形容词形式，故填wonderful。
47. The wallpaper with cartoon patterns is ideal for my ______ room. (son).
【答案】son’s
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：带有卡通图案的壁纸很适合我儿子的房间。son“儿子”，名词，设空处修饰后面的名词room，因此应用其所有格形式，故填son’s。
48. The next morning he got up ______ than before to practise football. (early) .
【答案】earlier
【解析】
【详解】句意：第二天早上，他比平时起得更早去练习踢足球。根据“than”可知，此处应用副词比较级修饰动词，故填earlier。
49. For a long time in history, people depended _______ on horses to trade goods. (great)
【答案】greatly
【解析】
【详解】句意：在很长一段时间的历史上，人们很大程度上依赖马来进行货物贸易。此处在句中修饰动词depend，用副词形式，故填greatly。
50. Zhang Ruoxu, a Tang Dynasty poet, is widely _______ for his poem A Moonlit Night on the Spring River. (know)
【答案】known
【解析】
【详解】句意：唐代诗人张若虚以《春江花月夜》闻名于世。be known for以……而闻名，用形容词作表语，故填known。
51. Jack enjoys _______ and sunbathing with his friends. （游泳）
【答案】swimming
【解析】
【详解】句意：Jack喜欢和朋友一起游泳和日光浴。根据中文提示，swim表示“游泳”，enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语，故填swimming。
52. I promised Li Ming I would keep the secret to _______. （我自己）
【答案】myself
【解析】
【详解】句意：我答应李明要保守秘密。keep the secret to oneself保守秘密，myself我自己，反身代词，故填myself。
53. So far, China has built nearly 600,000 cultural centers in ______. （村庄）
【答案】villages
【解析】
【详解】句意：迄今为止，中国已在农村建设了近60万个文化馆。village村庄，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数，故填villages。
54. I’m not sure how I feel about that, with my ______ birthday coming. （第十八）
【答案】eighteenth
【解析】
【详解】句意：随着我18岁生日的临近，我不知道我对此有什么感觉。eighteenth第十八，序数词作定语修饰birthday，表示顺序，故填eighteenth。
55. There is a low brick wall _______ the garden and the field beyond.（在……之间）
【答案】between
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：在花园和田野之间有一堵低矮的砖墙。在……之间（两者）：between，介词。故填between。
五、任务型阅读（共10 空; 每空1分, 计 10 分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）

Reading is fun! You can also analyze texts（文本）to learn more from the texts and about the texts. One way you can do this with fiction books, passages, or poems is by exploring their themes.
A theme is a central idea running throughout the text, connecting the characters and events. The writer may express his or her thoughts about humanity or a worldview through a theme. Themes can be ideas like friendship, bravery, love, honesty or family. Make sure you know what the writer is saying.
Sometimes, themes are hard to find out. First, the theme may not be able to be included in just one word like the examples above. There may also be more than one theme in the text. What’s more, some themes are not presented in the words directly. You have to use clues in the texts to find them.
To start exploring the theme, first you need to make sure you’ve read the whole text. Since themes develop over time, you can’t fully understand the underlying themes until the end of the text. Then, ask yourself to sum up（概括）the text and try to work out a “big idea”. For example, did many characters resolve problems with their families? If there was only one small problem with a character’s family, then “family” might not be the theme of the text. Finally, after finding out a “big idea”, go through the text to find examples that support this idea. You needn’t repeat every detail of the story-a few key examples will be fine.
Now you are ready to explore the theme of a text!
Exploring the ___56___ of a text
Main points
Detailed information
___57___ is a theme?
● A theme is a ___58___idea that connects the characters and events.
● The ___59___ thoughts are possibly expressed through the theme.
Why is it ___60___to find the theme?
●You might not ___61___ the theme in just one word.
●There may also be more than one theme in the text.
● Some themes are not presented in a ___62___ way.
How can you explore the theme?
●Read the text till the ___63___ to fully understand the themes.
●Work out a “big idea” of the text by summing up the text.
●Find some key examples to ___64___ the “big idea”. It’s not ___65___ to repeat every detail.

【答案】56. theme
57. What 58. central
59. writer’s
60. hard##difficult
61. include
62. direct 63. end
64. support
65. necessary
【解析】
【分析】阅读是有趣的，我们可以通过分析文本、探索主题来帮助阅读。本文向我们介绍了探索主题的方法。
【56题详解】
根据“To start exploring the theme”可知，是探索主题，故填theme。
【57题详解】
根据“A theme is a central idea running throughout the text, connecting the characters and events.”可知，本栏主要叙述什么是主题，故填What。
【58题详解】
根据“A theme is a central idea running throughout the text, connecting the characters and events.”可知，主题是贯穿全文的中心思想，故填central。
【59题详解】
根据“The writer may express his or her thoughts about humanity or a worldview through a theme.”可知，作者可以通过一个主题来表达他对人性或世界观的想法，即作者的想法，故填writer’s。
【60题详解】
根据“Sometimes, themes are hard to find out.”可知，有时候，主题很难找到，故填hard/difficult。
【61题详解】
根据“First, the theme may not be able to be included in just one word like the examples above.”可知，主题可能不能仅仅用一个词来表达。故填include。
【62题详解】
根据“What’s more, some themes are not presented in the words directly.”可知，有些主题并没有直接呈现在文字中，作定语修饰way，用形容词，故填direct。
【63题详解】
根据“Since themes develop over time, you can’t fully understand the underlying themes until the end of the text.”可知，因为主题是随着时间发展的，直到文章的结尾你可能才完全理解潜在的主题。故填end。
【64题详解】
根据“Finally, after finding out a ‘big idea’, go through the text to find examples that support this idea.”可知，要通过阅读文本找到支持这个想法的例子，不定式to后跟动词原形，故填support。
【65题详解】
根据“You needn’t repeat every detail of the story-a few key examples will be fine.”可知，你不需要重复故事的每一个细节，即“没有必要”，necessary必要的，在句中作表语，故填necessary。
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Chinese people started to build gardens more than 2,000 years ago. Chinese gardens are a special form of t___66___ Chinese culture and art.
At the entrance to a Chinese garden, there is usually a huge stone or wall to screen（挡住）your view. This is to give you a pressed-in feeling, in order to later produce unexpected joy w ___67___ you turn around the hall to see the amazing rock formations（假山）and a big lake. The best e___68___ is the Summer Palace.
Rock formations play an i___69___ role in the design of a Chinese-style garden. Without them, a garden could not be considered a Chinese-style garden. They are as important to a Chinese-style garden as sculptures are to a European-style garden. Ge Garden in Yangzhou is famous for i___70___ Four Seasons Rockeries（假山花园）.
G___71___ in the south are mostly small in size. Chinese garden designers have used the method of “borrowing scenery with a mirror（镜子）” to create a sense of s___72___. A mirror is hung opposite a window to take in the outside scenery. A fine example of this is Pian Shi Shan Fang, a rockery in He Garden, Yangzhou. A big mirror is built into the wall of its west corridor. The whole garden will be s___73___ in the mirror wherever the visitors are. A pool or a lake in a garden a___74___ serves this purpose. A pool runs from south to north through the garden of Pian Shi Shan Fang. East of the rockery, a man-made moon is reflected（倒映）in the p___75___.
Whatever methods used, every effort is made to achieve the purpose of giving visitors a sense of space in the garden.
【答案】66. (t)raditional
67. (w)hen 68. (e)xample
69. (i)mportant
70. (i)ts 71. (G)ardens
72. (s)pace
73. (s)een 74. (a)lso
75. (p)ool
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍中国园林的特点和风格。
【66题详解】
句意：中国园林是中国传统文化和艺术的一种特殊形式。根据“Chinese gardens are a special form of t…Chinese culture and art.”和常识可知，“传统的”符合语境，作定语修饰Chinese culture and art，故填(t)raditional。
【67题详解】
句意：这是为了给你一种紧张的感觉，以便之后当你转过大厅看到惊人的岩层和一个大湖时产生意想不到的喜悦。分析“This is to give you a pressed-in feeling, in order to later produce unexpected joy w…you turn around the hall to see the amazing rock formations（假山）and a big lake.”可知，“当……时”符合语境，用when引导时间状语从句，故填(w)hen。
【68题详解】
句意：最好的例子就是颐和园。分析“The best e…is the Summer Palace.”可知，“例子”符合语境，此前有the best修饰，使用名词单数，故填(e)xample。
【69题详解】
句意：岩层在中式园林的设计中起着重要的作用。分析“Rock formations play an i… role in the design of a Chinese-style garden.”可知，“重要的”符合语境，play an important role“起到重要作用”，故填(i)mportant。
【70题详解】
句意：扬州个园以四季假山而闻名。分析“Ge Garden in Yangzhou is famous for i…Four Seasons Rockeries（假山花园）.”可知，此处指“Ge Garden”，用it代替，作定语修饰“Four Seasons Rockeries”，用形容词性物主代词形式，故填(i)ts。
【71题详解】
句意：南方的花园大多是小的。根据“G…in the south are mostly small in size.”和全文描述可知，“花园”符合语境，根据“are”可知，应用名词复数，故填(G)ardens。
【72题详解】
句意：中国园林设计师采用“借镜取景”的方法来营造一种空间感。分析“Chinese garden designers have used the method of ‘borrowing scenery with a mirror（镜子）’ to create a sense of s…”可知，是营造空间感，a sense of space“一种空间感”，故填(s)pace。
【73题详解】
句意：无论游客在哪里，整个花园都能映入镜子。根据“The whole garden will be s…in the mirror wherever the visitors are.”可知，“看到”符合语境，主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态，will be done一般将来时的被动语态，故填(s)een。
【74题详解】
句意：花园里的水池或湖泊也可以起到这个作用。根据前文和“A pool or a lake in a garden a…serves this purpose.”可知，此处表示“也”，用于句中，故填(a)lso。
【75题详解】
句意：在假山的东面，有一个人造的月亮映在水池里。根据前文“A pool or a lake in a garden a…serves this purpose.”可知，“池塘”符合语境，根据“a man-made moon is reflected（倒映）in the p…”可知，此处特指表单数，故填(p)ool。
七、书面表达（计 30 分）
A. 句子翻译（共5小题;每小题2 分, 计 10 分）
将下列句子译成英语, 并将所译句子写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。
76. 昨晚七点到八点他们在看电视。
【答案】They were watching TV from seven to eight last night.
【解析】
【详解】昨晚七点到八点from seven to eight last night；他们they；看电视watch TV。根据句意，强调在过去的某个时间段正在做某事，用过去进行时，故填They were watching TV from seven to eight last night.
77. Tom买不起那把小提琴，因为太贵了。
【答案】Tom can’t afford the violin because it’s too expensive.
【解析】
【详解】买不起那把小提琴can’t afford the violin；因为because，引导原因状语从句；太贵了it’s too expensive，用it指代the violin。根据句意，时态是一般现在时，故填Tom can’t afford the violin because it’s too expensive.
78. 你认为骑自行车是很好的运动方式吗？
【答案】Do you think cycling is a good way to exercise?
【解析】
【详解】根据句意可知是含宾语从句的一般疑问句，且时态是一般现在时。认为think；你you，前加do构成一般疑问句；骑自行车cycling，动名词作从句主语，其后用be动词is表示“是”；很好的运动方式a good way to exercise。故填Do you think cycling is a good way to exercise?
79. 我们很开心地得知您对我们的服务很满意。
【答案】We are pleased to learn that you are satisfied with our service.
【解析】
【详解】很开心地得知be pleased to learn…；对……很满意be satisfied with…；我们的服务our service。根据句意，本句时态是一般现在时，故填We are pleased to learn that you are satisfied with our service.
80. 我梦想有一个长假，以便能有更多的时间去旅行。
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【答案】I dream of having a long vacation so that I can have more time to travel.
【解析】
【详解】梦想做某事dream of doing sth；有一个长假have a long vacation；以便so that，引导目的状语从句；能有更多的时间去旅行can have more time to travel。根据句意，时态是一般现在时，故填I dream of having a long vacation so that I can have more time to travel.
B. 写作（计 20分）
81. 某英文报正在举行“家乡美”为主题的征文活动，你打算以“Spring in my hometown”为题写一篇英语短文投稿，请根据以下问题提示完成征文。
提示：
(1) What is spring like in your hometown?
(2) What do people in your hometown usually do in spring? (three points)
(3) How do you like your hometown in spring? (two points)
要求：
（1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
（2）必须包括提示中的所有信息，并适当发挥；
（3）词数：100 词左右；
（4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
Spring in my hometown
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【答案】例文
Spring in my hometown
When spring comes, everything comes back to life and the climate becomes warm. People feel more comfortable than in winter. The mountains which are very high in my hometown become more and more green. Most flowers blossom as the weather becomes warm. All of these scenes draw a beautiful picture.
People begin to climb mountains, have a picnic near rivers. They also fly kites in the parks. They try their best to be close to nature and enjoy the beauty of it. Famers start to sow and wait for a good harvest.
As far as I am concerned, spring in my hometown is full of life and power. It gives us energy and hope. I love the spring in my hometown.
【解析】
分析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求以“Spring in my hometown”为题，结合提示内容进行写作，介绍家乡的春天，注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一和第三人称来介绍，时态用一般现在时。作文可分为三段，第一段介绍家乡的春天是什么样子的；第二段介绍家乡的人在春天通常做什么；第三段介绍自己对家乡的春天的感受。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。