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山东省聊城市2023届高三英语三模试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份山东省聊城市2023届高三英语三模试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了 C 9等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年聊城市高考模拟试题
英语（三）
本试卷分三部分，共10页。满分120分。考试用时100分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Learn, Play and Give Back with Freerice!
Description
Freerice is an educational game that helps you get smarter while making a difference for people around the world. Every question you answer correctly raises 10 grains of rice for the World Food Programme to support its work saving and changing lives around the world. Join our global community and start making a difference today.
How can I use Freerice in the classroom or at my workplace?
You can create a group, invite your friends, and compete to see who can raise the most rice! Share your group code so players can join. You can also host a volunteer event on your online account to mark key international days, like World Food Day or the International Day of Charity. Tag @ wfpfreerice so we can repost yours!
Where is the app?
You may have noticed that we recently removed the Freerice app from the App Store and Google Play Store, and we apologize for any inconvenience this may cause. We decide to focus our resources on the responsive web app. You can still play the game on your desktop or mobile phone by entering www. freerice. com. We appreciate your understanding and hope to bring the app back in the future.
Community guidelines
Freerice is for all ages and is designed to be safe and welcoming. Your username and group name are the only two places where players can publish information that is visible to other players.
Contact us
Want to contribute questions or creative ideas to Freerice? Please send an email to WFP. Freerice@wfp.org and let us know a little bit about you.
1. What does Freerice encourage users to do?
A Play games to earn money.
B. Donate money to change lives.
C. Read articles to gain information.
D. Answer questions to help with charity.
2. What can users do in Freerice?
A. Advertise for the WFP.
B. Create a new question set.
C. Organize volunteer activities.
D. Earning coins for joining games.
3. How can users access the game according to the text?
A. By visiting a responsive website.
B. By downloading a mobile app.
C. By contacting the WFP.
D. By sending an email.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款教育游戏Freerice。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Description中的“Every question you answer correctly raises 10 grains of rice for the World Food Programme to support its work saving and changing lives around the world. (你每正确回答一个问题，就会为世界粮食计划署筹集10粒大米，以支持其在世界各地拯救和改变生命的工作。)”可知，Freerice鼓励用户通过回答问题以帮助慈善事业。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据How can I use Freerice in the classroom or at my workplace?中的“You can create a group, invite your friends, and compete to see who can raise the most rice! Share your group code so players can join. You can also host a volunteer event on your online account to mark key international days, like World Food Day or the International Day of Charity. (你可以创建一个小组，邀请你的朋友，并竞争，看谁能筹集最多的大米!分享你的团队代码，让玩家可以加入。您还可以在您的在线帐户上举办志愿者活动，以纪念重要的国际日子，如世界粮食日或国际慈善日。)”可知，用户在Freerice中可以组织志愿者活动。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Where is the app?中的“We decide to focus our resources on the responsive web app. You can still play the game on your desktop or mobile phone by entering www. freerice. com. (我们决定将我们的资源集中在响应式web应用程序上。您仍然可以通过输入www. freerice. com在桌面或手机上玩游戏。)”可知，用户可以通过访问响应式网站进入游戏。故选A。
B
It was eight o’ clock on Christmas morning, and Uncle Tom said he wanted to listen to the news. My 11-year-old self was wondering why grown-ups would be interested in the news when there were important things to be done, such as handing out presents. However, while I was only half-listening to the radio broadcast, I was confused that I had heard that report earlier.
My older brother, Colin, figured out what was happening. “Pete, it’s a tape recorder! We’ve got our tape recorder!” This was one of those rare moments when my inside gave an involuntary lurch (倾斜). Colin and I had both been blind from birth. In the late 1950s, tape recorders were definitely the top choice for blind kids, especially with the rise of rock ‘n’ roll.
But it wasn’t the first time I had been attracted to a tape recorder. I vividly remember walking into a room when I was four and hearing a child’s beautiful singing. It turned out that my dad had borrowed a tape recorder for preparing his projects. And for the first time, in the same way that a sighted child might react to seeing themselves in a mirror or a photograph, I got the sense of myself as a separate person who existed outside my head and was experienced by other people.
Then I became a broadcaster at school. I would wander around the school with my microphone, recording my thoughts in the style of the voices I heard on the radio. But the biggest challenge was not finding things to do with the tape recorder but taking it away from Colin. His generosity on the first day we got it did not extend to handing it over to his brother at school. “You’ll break it,” he would say.
But ten years later, I drew on the confidence gained from those early explorations of the sound and walked into a radio station, in the hopes of selling myself as a broadcast journalist. Eight years later, I presented my first report for BBC’s Six O’Clock News. I never thought that a Christmas present had changed my life.
4. Why did Uncle Tom probably listen to the news on Christmas morning?
A. To keep up with the times.
B. To carry on the holiday tradition.
C. To create a happy festival mood.
D. To surprise Colin and the author.
5. What did the author feel when first hearing a tape recorder at four?
A. His interest in music.
B. His love of broadcasting.
C. The real existence of himself.
D. An understanding of his father.
6. What was the author’s biggest challenge as a school broadcaster?
A. Learning the voice style of radio hosts.
B. Getting the tape recorder from Colin.
C. Balancing broadcasting and study.
D. Finding fun things to record.
7. What helped build up the author’s confidence in becoming a broadcast journalist?
A. His experiences of exploring the sound.
B. His talent for recording.
C. His father’s encouragement.
D. His rich broadcasting knowledge.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和哥哥出生后就双目失明，幼时的一份圣诞礼物——录音机，帮助自己获得了信心，并最终成为了一名播音员。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“However, while I was only half-listening to the radio broadcast, I was confused that I had heard that report earlier.(然而，当我只听了一半的广播时，我很困惑，因为我早些时候听到了那个报道。)”可知，作者的叔叔说要听新闻，但作者发现报道已经播放过了，再根据第二段“My older brother, Colin, figured out what was happening. “Pete, it’s a tape recorder! We’ve got our tape recorder!” This was one of those rare moments when my inside gave an involuntary lurch (倾斜).(我哥哥科林发弄清楚发生的一切。“皮特，这是录音机！我们有录音机！”这是我的内心情不自禁为之一动的罕见时刻之一。)”可推断出，作者的叔叔提出想听听新闻是想把圣诞礼物——录音机作为惊喜送给作者兄弟。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But it wasn’t the first time I had been attracted to a tape recorder. I vividly remember walking into a room when I was four and hearing a child’s beautiful singing. It turned out that my dad had borrowed a tape recorder for preparing his projects. And for the first time, in the same way that a sighted child might react to seeing themselves in a mirror or a photograph, I got the sense of myself as a separate person who existed outside my head and was experienced by other people.(但这并不是我第一次被录音机所吸引。我清楚地记得，当我四岁的时候，走进一个房间，听到一个孩子美妙的歌声。原来我爸爸借了一台录音机准备他的项目。这是第一次，就像一个视力正常的孩子在镜子或照片中看到自己时的反应一样，我感觉到自己是一个独立的人，存在于我的头脑之外，被其他人体验到。)”可知，作者四岁时第一次听到录音机时就被其所吸引，第一次感受到自己是一个独立的人。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But the biggest challenge was not finding things to do with the tape recorder but taking it away from Colin.(但最大的挑战并不是找到处理录音机的方法，而是把它从科林手中拿走。)”可知，作为学校广播员，作者面临的最大挑战是从科林那里拿到录音机。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But ten years later, I drew on the confidence gained from those early explorations of the sound and walked into a radio station, in the hopes of selling myself as a broadcast journalist.(但十年后，我带着从早期探索声音中获得的信心，走进一家广播电台，希望以广播记者的身份推销自己。)”可知，作者对于成为一名广播记者的信心源自于自己探索声音的经历。故选A。
C
After a year of severe drought, California has seen an abundance of rain since late autumn. Abby Wines, a ranger (护林员) at Death Valley National Park in southern California, predicted that the heavy rainfall would bring us the opportunity to witness one of nature’s most spectacular displays of color and life — a superbloom — in 2023.
A superbloom refers to a large amount of wildflower growth that exceeds the average level for a typical spring. It is actually a rare phenomenon that usually takes place in exceptionally wet winters. Seeds that may have slept in desert soil for years finally receive enough water to blossom in more abundant numbers than you would see in a typical year.
The sight of the superbloom is truly breathtaking. Fields of gold, orange, and purple flowers stretch as far as the eye can see, creating a blanket of colors that can be seen from space.
However, climate change makes the phenomenon increasingly rare. In the distant past, these blooms were often excellent and enormous. As development pushes farther out, more landscapes have been changed to agriculture, and as invasive plants outcompetes the native seedlings, many of California’s spring flower fields are disappearing. In addition, thousands of tourists sometimes step on the flowers and soil, which harms the plant’s ability to adapt and thrive.
Naomi Fraga, director of conservation at the California Botanic Garden, points out that in promoting these locations where massive blooms take place, there isn’t a lot of additional information about how these are actually very fragile (脆弱的) ecosystems. Instead of promoting and sharing specific locations, it’s important to educate the public about the fragility of the ecosystems and the importance of staying on trails which people are allowed to enter.
8 What is the key to a superbloom according to Abby Wines?
A. Desert soil. B. Warm climate.
C. Sufficient rainfall. D. High-quality seeds.
9. What does the underlined word “exceeds” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Equals to. B. Goes beyond.
C. Cuts down. D. Sets up.
10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. Reasons for the superbloom being rare.
B. Factors in plants’ adapting to the environment.
C. The relationship between climate and plants growing.
D. The effect of agricultural development on plants flowering.
11. What does Naomi Fraga advocate?
A. Promoting local tourism by advertising superblooms.
B. Recommending tourists perfect trails to enjoy a superbloom.
C. Strengthening the management of California Botanic Garden.
D. Leading the public to focus more on the ecological environment.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加州自深秋以来的强降雨预计将在2023年带来超级盛开，这是一种罕见的现象，并解释了这种现象的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“After a year of severe drought, California has seen an abundance of rain since late autumn. Abby Wines, a ranger (护林员) at Death Valley National Park in southern California, predicted that the heavy rainfall would bring us the opportunity to witness one of nature’s most spectacular displays of color and life — a superbloom — in 2023. (在经历了一年的严重干旱之后，加州自深秋以来迎来了大量降雨。南加州死亡谷国家公园的护林员艾比·瓦恩斯预测，这场暴雨将使我们有机会在2023年见证大自然最壮观的色彩和生命展示之一——超级盛开。)”可知，艾比·瓦恩斯认为，绽放的关键是雨量充足。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Seeds that may have slept in desert soil for years finally receive enough water to blossom in more abundant numbers than you would see in a typical year. (在沙漠土壤中沉睡多年的种子终于获得了足够的水分，开花数量比你在典型年份看到的要多。)”可知，结合画线句，“超级盛开”指的是大量野花的生长超过了一个典型春季的平均水平。所以exceeds为“超过”之意。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“However, climate change makes the phenomenon increasingly rare. In the distant past, these blooms were often excellent and enormous. As development pushes farther out, more landscapes have been changed to agriculture, and as invasive plants outcompetes the native seedlings, many of California’s spring flower fields are disappearing. In addition, thousands of tourists sometimes step on the flowers and soil, which harms the plant’s ability to adapt and thrive. (然而，气候变化使这种现象越来越罕见。在遥远的过去，这些花往往是美丽而巨大的。随着发展向更远的地方推进，越来越多的景观变成了农业，随着入侵植物的竞争超过了本地幼苗，加州的许多春花田正在消失。此外，成千上万的游客有时会踩到花和土壤，这损害了植物的适应和茁壮成长的能力。)”可知，本段主要介绍超级开花罕见的原因。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Naomi Fraga, director of conservation at the California Botanic Garden, points out that in promoting these locations where massive blooms take place, there isn’t a lot of additional information about how these are actually very fragile (脆弱的) ecosystems. Instead of promoting and sharing specific locations, it’s important to educate the public about the fragility of the ecosystems and the importance of staying on trails which people are allowed to enter. (加州植物园的保护主任娜奥米·弗拉加指出，在宣传这些大规模开花的地方时，并没有很多关于这些生态系统实际上是多么脆弱的额外信息。与其宣传和分享特定的地点，不如教育公众生态系统的脆弱性，以及在允许人们进入的小径上行走的重要性。)”可推断，娜奥米·弗拉提倡引导公众更加关注生态环境。故选D。
D
Researchers at North Carolina State University are proposing an additional white traffic light that will act as a sign to human drivers and passengers that they should follow the lead of self-driving vehicles moving through intersections (十字路口).
Driving is fundamentally changing. In the future, human drivers will be sharing the road with autonomous vehicles. The transition to autonomous vehicles is progressing with each passing year and humans are no longer the only ones sitting behind an automobile’s steering wheel. This makes it urgent for traffic lights with a fourth color to become a reality.
The white traffic light would be equipped with wireless Bluetooth technology and would engage when the number of autonomous vehicles driving on the road at any given time exceeds a certain threshold (阈值). Autonomous vehicles would be in communication with each other and with the traffic lights at intersections, within a certain range. Any human drivers in the mix would be informed to follow the lead of the vehicle in front of them via the white light: stop if it stops, continue if it continues.
In simulation models, autonomous vehicles were shown to improve traffic flow on their own. The higher the percentage of autonomous vehicles at an intersection, the faster the traffic moved, with improvements of about 40 to 99 percent in terms of total delay reductions possible. “The white light can be used to coordinate (协调) traffic in any situation involving autonomous vehicles and tells human drivers what’s going on, so that they know what they are supposed to do as they approach the intersection,” says civil engineer Ali Hajbabaie.
As an example, most recently, Tesla’s problematic full-self-driving vehicles have been at the forefront of public criticism after a car crashed into a fire truck. Consequently, the potential risks linked to autonomous driving are what made North Carolina State University researchers suggest adding a fourth color to traffic lights in the coming years.
12. What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Strict traffic rules.
B. The upgrade of road system.
C. Increasing autonomous vehicles.
D. The high cost of self-driving technology.
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the white traffic light?
A. Its signal meaning. B. Its working principle.
C. Its complex database. D. Its potential applications.
14. What does Ali Hajbabaie convey in his words?
A. The white traffic light can help improve the flow of traffic.
B. Autonomous vehicles are potential threats to road safety.
C. It is difficult for elderly drivers to adapt to white traffic lights.
D. People had to be trained before driving on the roads with white traffic lights.
15. Why does the author mention the example of Tesla in the last paragraph?
A. To stress the popularity of driverless vehicles.
B. To prove the necessity of adding white traffic lights.
C. To call on the public to pay close attention to road safety.
D. To present the hidden dangers of using white traffic lights.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着驾驶正在发生根本性变化，研究人员提出了设立一个额外的白色交通信号灯，它将作为一个标志，告诉人类司机和乘客，他们应该跟随自动驾驶汽车通过十字路口。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Driving is fundamentally changing. In the future, human drivers will be sharing the road with autonomous vehicles. The transition to autonomous vehicles is progressing with each passing year and humans are no longer the only ones sitting behind an automobile’s steering wheel.This makes it urgent for traffic lights with a fourth color to become a reality. (驾驶正在发生根本性的变化。在未来，人类驾驶员将与自动驾驶汽车共享道路。向自动驾驶汽车的过渡每年都在推进，人类不再是唯一坐在汽车方向盘后面的人。这使得第四种颜色的交通信号灯迫切需要成为现实。)”可知，代词“this”指代的是上文提到的驾驶发生的变化，在未来，人类驾驶员将与自动驾驶汽车共享道路，道路上会不断增加自动驾驶汽车。故选C。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“The white traffic light would be equipped with wireless Bluetooth technology and would engage when the number of autonomous vehicles driving on the road at any given time exceeds a certain threshold (阈值). Autonomous vehicles would be in communication with each other and with the traffic lights at intersections, within a certain range. Any human drivers in the mix would be informed to follow the lead of the vehicle in front of them via the white light: stop if it stops, continue if it continues.(白色交通灯将配备无线蓝牙技术，当任何时间行驶在道路上的自动驾驶车辆数量超过一定阈值时，它就会启动。在一定范围内，自动驾驶汽车可以相互通信，也可以与十字路口的交通灯通信。车辆中的任何人类驾驶员都将被告知通过白灯跟随前面车辆的指示：如果它停下来，就停下来，如果它继续行驶，就继续行驶。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了白色交通灯运行的原理，故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段““The white light can be used to coordinate (协调) traffic in any situation involving autonomous vehicles and tells human drivers what’s going on, so that they know what they are supposed to do as they approach the intersection,” says civil engineer Ali Hajbabaie.(土木工程师Ali Hajbabaie说：“在任何涉及自动驾驶汽车的情况下，白色交通灯都可以用来协调交通，并告诉人类司机正在发生什么，这样他们就知道在接近十字路口时应该怎么做。”)”可知，Ali Hajbabaie认为白色交通灯可以帮助协调交通，从而使交通更顺畅。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“As an example, most recently, Tesla’s problematic full-self-driving vehicles have been at the forefront of public criticism after a car crashed into a fire truck. Consequently, the potential risks linked to autonomous driving are what made North Carolina State University researchers suggest adding a fourth color to traffic lights in the coming years.(举个例子，最近，一辆特斯拉全自动驾驶汽车撞上一辆消防车后，成为公众批评的焦点。因此，与自动驾驶相关的潜在风险促使北卡罗来纳州立大学的研究人员建议在未来几年为交通信号灯增加第四种颜色。)”可知，文章举特斯拉的例子，是为了证明下文，也就是增加白色交通信号灯的必要性。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Long before metal oven racks (架子) were invented, many people would place the things that they wanted to bake onto stones to keep them from burning in ovens or even directly on heat. ___16___ However, there are actually many applications for its use in baking.
Typical baking stones can be made of various materials, and tend to be either round or rectangular in shape. The clay stone is popular, but some people like marble. Some have a shiny surface and others don’t have. ___17___ Some people suggest that heading to the local kitchen supply store to purchase a baking stone is a waste of time and instead they purchase tiles (瓦片) from kitchen or gardening stores. ___18___ They may contain high amounts of lead and cooks would need to test them for the presence of lead before using them to cook.
___19___ Baking stones absorb and keep heat very well, so when you put them in the oven and allow the oven to run for a while, the stones heat up. They transfer heat directly to the bottom of your bread or other goods, as the goods can be placed directly on the stone so they never start out on a cold surface. This allows bread to bake more evenly all over, resulting in a much nicer crust (酥皮)—particularly for artisan bread.
There are many benefits of using a baking stone to cook pizza or bread. ___20___ For another, the stone is also praised for its ability to evenly heat the crust and lessen chances that pizza or other bread will burn.
A. The way that baking stones work is simple.
B. Baking stones can be found in all shapes and sizes.
C. For one thing, it tends to produce more desirable qualities.
D. That makes them uniquely useful for many cooking creations.
E. Today, the baking stone is associated most with cooking pizza.
F. So you can choose from a great variety of stones on the market.
G. However, most of these products are not rated for safety in cooking.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了烘培石做披萨和面包的好处以及它在烘焙中有很多其它的应用。
【16题详解】
上文“Long before metal oven racks (架子) were invented, many people would place the things that they wanted to bake onto stones to keep them from burning in ovens or even directly on heat.”（早在金属烤架发明之前，许多人就会把他们想烤的东西放在石头上，以防止它们在烤箱中烧焦，甚至直接加热。）引出话题，提到人们把想烤的东西放在石头上。下文“However, there are actually many applications for its use in baking.”（然而，实际上它在烘焙中有很多应用。）说明在烘焙中有很多应用。结合选项E项Today, the baking stone is associated most with cooking pizza.（今天，烘焙石与制作披萨联系最为紧密。）起到上下文的承上启下作用，下文是对上文的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The clay stone is popular, but some people like marble. Some have a shiny surface and others don’t have.”（粘土石很受欢迎，但有些人喜欢大理石。有些有闪亮的表面，有些则没有。）可知，说明不同的选择。结合选项F项So you can choose from a great variety of stones on the market.（所以你可以从市场上各种各样的石头中选择。）可知，和上文内容相关，形成因果关系，为上文内容的语意递进。故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“They may contain high amounts of lead and cooks would need to test them for the presence of lead before using them to cook.”（他们可能含有大量的铅，厨师在用它们做饭之前需要测试它们是否含有铅。）说明不安全的原因。可推知，上文为关于安全的内容。结合选项G项However, most of these products are not rated for safety in cooking.（然而，这些产品中的大多数都没有被评为烹饪安全。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Baking stones absorb and keep heat very well, so when you put them in the oven and allow the oven to run for a while, the stones heat up.”（烘烤的石头吸收和保持热量非常好，所以当你把它们放在烤箱里，让烤箱运行一会儿，石头就会变热。）说明烘烤的石头的方法。结合选项A项The way that baking stones work is simple.（烘烤石头的方法很简单。）和下文内容意思一致，为总结下文内容。故选A项。
【20题详解】
上文“There are many benefits of using a baking stone to cook pizza or bread.”（用烤石做披萨或面包有很多好处。）说明烤石做披萨的好处。下文“For another, the stone is also praised for its ability to evenly heat the crust and lessen chances that pizza or other bread will burn.”（另一方面，这种石头也因为它能均匀地加热面包皮和减少披萨或其他面包烧焦的机会而受到称赞。）说明烤石做披萨好处的原因之一。故可推断空格处内容为另外一种做披萨好处的原因。结合选项C项For one thing, it tends to produce more desirable qualities.（首先，它往往会产生更理想的品质。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Fredric Roi Marquez joined a program to give out food to people at a retirement community. By doing so, the high school student hoped to earn a(n) ___21___ at college. But the program gave him more than he ___22___, including lessons that would ___23___ him in the rest of his life, like the qualities of being focused, patient and highly-efficient.
Roy and Lynn moved to the community 12 years ago. They ___24___ what these young people brought to the community. Roy said, “As you go in and have your dinner offered by young people who are ___25___ and considerate, you just feel great ___26___ and strength.” Lynn said the students truly ___27___ about the people in the community.
For Marquez, the experience was new. He said, “Wow, I’m ___28___ doing this like I’m working. I get close with ‘Grandma’ and ‘Grandpa’.” Marquez also began ___29___ special relationships with the residents. Many students kept the residents ____30____ about their lives.
They talked about school projects, exams and even family issues. They ____31____ their hopes and sought advice from the residents.
Experts say the experience is good for both ____32____. Courtney Benhoff is a spokesperson for the community. She said the program offered students the ____33____ to gain an amount of money. “And through communication, the residents can also better understand these young people that have made their lives more ____34____,” Courtney Benhoff said. “The program is a good ____35____ between the young and the old.”
21. A. scholarship B. friendship C. degree D. living
22. A. refused B. expected C. remembered D. regretted
23. A. trouble B. stop C. interest D. serve
24. A. liked B. relied on C. disapproved of D. missed
25. A. creative B. respectful C. shy D. ordinary
26. A. thrill B. challenge C. warmth D. growth
27. A. worried B. argued C. complained D. cared
28. A. actually B. theoretically C. randomly D. mentally
29. A. handling B. building C. destroying D. repairing
30. A. updated B. confused C. pleased D. concerned
31. A. advertised B. lost C. shared D. sold
32. A. couples B. companies C. families D. generations
33. A. ability B. right C. chance D. permission
34. A. peaceful B. reasonable C. colorful D. attractive
35. A. competition B. bridge C. difference D. contrast
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个奖学金项目加强了学生和老人之间的联系的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这样做，这个高中生希望在大学里获得奖学金。A. scholarship奖学金； B. friendship友谊；C. degree学位；D. living生活。根据下文“She said the program offered students the ___13___ to gain an amount of money.”可知，此处为通过这样做，这个高中生希望在大学里获得奖学金。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这个项目给他的收获比他预期的要多，包括让他终身受益的课程，比如专注、耐心和高效的品质。A. refused拒绝；B. expected期望；C. remembered记得；D. regretted 后悔。根据该句中的“ncluding lessons that would ___3___ him in the rest of his life, like the qualities of being focused, patient and highly-efficient.”可推知，此处为但这个项目给他的收获比他预期的要多，包括让他终身受益的课程，比如专注、耐心和高效的品质。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这个项目给他的收获比他预期的要多，包括让他终身受益的课程，比如专注、耐心和高效的品质。A. trouble麻烦；B. stop停止；C. interest使感兴趣；D. serve提供，服务。根据上文提到的“But the program gave him more than he expected”可推知，此处为这个项目给他的收获比他预期的要多，包括让他终身受益的课程，比如专注、耐心和高效的品质。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们喜欢这些年轻人给社区带来的东西。A. liked喜欢；B. relied on依靠；C. disapproved of不赞成；D. missed错失。根据下文“you just feel great ___6___ and strength.”可推知，此处为他们喜欢这些年轻人给社区带来的东西。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：罗伊说：“当你走进餐厅，由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量。”A. creative有创造力的；B. respectful表示敬意的，尊敬的；C. shy害羞的；D. ordinary普通的。根据句意以及该句中的“and considerate”可推知，此处为当你走进餐厅，由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：罗伊说：“当你走进餐厅，由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量。”A. thrill兴奋；B. challenge挑战；C. warmth温暖；D. growth成长。根据上文“As you go in and have your dinner offered by young people who are respectful and considerate”以及该句中的“and strength”可推知，此处为当你走进餐厅，由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：林恩说，学生们真的很关心社区里的人。A. worried担心；B. argued争论；C. complained抱怨；D. cared关心。根据上文提到的由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量，可知，此处为，学生们真的很关心社区里的人。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他说，“哇，我真的在做这件事，就像我在工作一样。A. actually事实上，竟然；B. theoretically从理论上讲；C. randomly随机地；D. mentally精神上。根据句意以及该句中的“like I’m working”可推知，此处为我真的在做这件事，就像我在工作一样。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马尔克斯还开始与居民建立特殊关系。A. handling处理；B. building建立；C. destroying破坏；D. repairing修复。根据句意以及该句中“special relationships with the residents”可知，此处为马尔克斯还开始与居民建立特殊关系。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多学生向居民介绍他们的最新生活情况。A. updated更新的；B. confused困惑的；C. pleased满意的；D. concerned关心的。根据下文“They talked about school projects, exams and even family issues.”可推知，此处为许多学生向居民介绍他们的最新生活情况。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们分享了自己的希望，并向居民寻求建议。A. advertised登广告；B. lost失去；C. shared分享；D. sold销售。根据该句中的“and sought advice from the residents.”可知，此处为他们分享了自己的希望，并向居民寻求建议。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：专家表示，这种经历对两代人都有好处。A. couples夫妻；B. companies公司；C. families家庭；D. generations代，一代人。根据文章最后一句“The program is a good ___15___ between the young and the old.”可推知，此处为专家表示，这种经历对两代人都有好处。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说，该项目为学生提供了获得一笔钱的机会。A. ability能力；B. right权利；C. chance机会；D. permission准许。根据上文“By doing so, the high school student hoped to earn a(n) scholarship at college.”以及该句中的“to gain an amount of money.”可推知，此处为该项目为学生提供了获得一笔钱的机会。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过交流，居民们也能更好地了解这些让他们的生活更加丰富多彩的年轻人。A. peaceful平静的；B. reasonable合理的；C. colorful丰富多彩的；D. attractive有吸引力的。根据句意以及该句中的“made their lives…”可推知，此处为居民们也能更好地了解这些让他们的生活更加丰富多彩的年轻人。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个项目是年轻人和老年人之间的一个很好的桥梁。A. competition比赛；B. bridge桥梁；C. difference差异；D. contrast对比。根据句意以及该句中的“between the young and the old.”可知，此处为这个项目是年轻人和老年人之间的一个很好的桥梁。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Located in Guangxi, Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge is a famous and special bridge in China. A wind and rain bridge is a roof-covered bridge equipped with benches and pavilions (亭子) ___36___ (shape) like palaces. It can shelter people from the wind and rain and allow them ___37___(meet) and rest.
The Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge, ___38___ design makes it an outstanding example of its type, has three floor levels, ___39___(contain) five pavilions and a platform at either end. The bridge is supported by stone piers (石墩). It’s over 60 meters long, 3 meters wide and the. ___40___(high) above the river is about 10 meters. The upper structure is carefully designed with towers standing on each stone pier. It’s made almost ___41___(entire) of wood and the long and wide roof is covered with beautiful materials.
The bridge, also known as Chengyang Yongji Bridge, ___42___ (construct) by the talented local workmen in___43___ early 1900s to link local villages across the river. The workmen enabled the many wooden pieces to be joined closely together without using nails. And they’d decorated the very ___44___(value) bridge with brightly-colored lifelike carvings ____45____ paintings.
【答案】36. shaped
37. to meet
38. whose 39. containing
40. height 41. entirely
42. was constructed
43. the 44. valuable##valued
45. and
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国广西的程阳永济桥，或称为程阳风雨桥的设计、特点等等。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：风雨桥是一种有屋顶的桥，上面有长凳和亭子，形状像宫殿。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填shaped。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它可以为人们遮风挡雨，让人们会面和休息。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to meet。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：程阳风雨桥的设计使其成为该类型的杰出典范，它有三层，包含五个亭子，两端有一个平台。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge”，和design之间为所有格关系，用关系代词whose。故填whose。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：程阳风雨桥的设计使其成为该类型的杰出典范，它有三层，包含五个亭子，两端有一个平台。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主语“Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填containing。
40题详解】
考查名词。句意：它长60多米，宽3米，高出河约10米。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式作主语，height为不可数名词。故填height。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：它几乎完全由木头建造，又长又宽的屋顶覆盖着漂亮的材料。修饰动词用副词形式作状语，故填entirely。
【42题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：这座桥也被称为程阳永济桥，是20世纪初由当地有才能的工人建造的，连接了河对岸的当地村庄。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the early 1900s”可知，本句为一般过去时；主语为the bridge，单数，和动词construct之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was constructed。
【43题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：这座桥也被称为程阳永济桥，是20世纪初由当地有才能的工人建造的，连接了河对岸的当地村庄。固定搭配：in the early 1900s，意为“在20世纪早期”。故填the。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们用色彩鲜艳、栩栩如生的雕刻和绘画来装饰这座非常珍贵的桥。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词，可用valuable或valued。故填valuable/valued。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：他们用色彩鲜艳、栩栩如生的雕刻和绘画来装饰这座非常珍贵的桥。空前“carvings”和空后“paintings”之间为并列关系，所以用并列连词and。故填and。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你报名参加了你校即将举办关于大自然的英文诗歌朗诵大赛（poetry recitation contest）。请给外教Mr Black写一封邮件，请他指导你选材和朗诵练习。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr Black,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr Black,
How are you doing?
I’ve signed up for the English poetry recitation contest to be held by our school, and I’m writing to see whether you could provide me with some help.
The contest requires that each participant should recite a poem about nature, and I’ve found three poems. Could you be kind enough to help me choose the most suitable one? Besides, I hope you could also give me some advice on how to recite it.
I would be very grateful if you could offer help. Looking forward to hearing from you soon!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr Black写一封邮件，请他指导你关于大自然的英文诗歌朗诵大赛选材和朗诵练习。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：contest → competition/match
此外：besides → what’s more
建议：advice → suggestions
感激的：grateful → appreciative
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’ve signed up for the English poetry recitation contest to be held by our school.
拓展句：I’ve signed up for the English poetry recitation contest which will be held by our school.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The contest requires that each participant should recite a poem about nature, and I’ve found three poems. (运用了宾语从句和虚拟语气)
【高分句型2】I would be very grateful if you could offer help. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sara, my neighbor, and I were sitting in our yard, chatting, and frowning at the wooden house across the street.
Nobody in the neighborhood had met these two young men there yet. The two men had long hair and beards and dressed strangely. They kept to themselves. When they came outside, they never made eye contact with anyone. “They sure don’t fit into the neighborhood,” Sara said, the corners of her mouth turning down as she stared at that house.
Sara said, “What about our street parties? We’ve always included everyone. Should we invite them?” I sighed, “Try being nice, Sara.” Suddenly, Sara sat up straight and her eyes grew wide with curiosity when a government car pulled up before Mrs Swain’s house next door. We hurried over. Mrs Swain was recovering from cancer and lived alone. Sara and I tried to keep an eye on her.
The man from the car put a piece of paper on Mrs Swain’s door and hurriedly left. Mrs Swain looked old, thin, and very tired when she opened the door. We three looked at the paper. It read: “Someone complained your grass’ length is against city rules. Please cut it in five days, or you’ll be fined.”
It was a shame that nobody had cut her grass for her. However, Sara and I lived alone, and we were both pregnant. What was worse, we were on a tight budget, and the other families here were on vacation.
Sara and I comforted Mrs Swain, telling her we’d figure out a way. Mrs Swain blinked in confusion, “Who would complain? Everyone knows that my old lawn mower is broken. And I’ve been sick too.” “It may be those two guys across the street,” Sara whispered, angrily staring at that wooden house.
Just then, a voice that seemed too gentle to be coming from the strange young man behind me said, “What is going on? Is she alright?” He nodded toward Mrs Swain. Sara looked at him coldly and said, “Some guys reported her because her grass is too high.” Her eyes ran over him disapprovingly, but he didn’t seem to notice.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The young man and his friend quickly made eye contact and nodded seriously.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After they finished the work, Sara and I walked in shame to apologize for judging them.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The young man and his friend quickly made eye contact and nodded seriously. Then they turned and walked back toward the house. Just then, Mrs Swain’s eyes widened in surprise, and we followed her gaze. The two young men were hurrying across the street, one pushing an old lawn mower and the other carrying a weed eater. Without a word, they worked to cut Mrs Swain’s grass. In silence, we knew we’d made a big, embarrassing, and silly mistake. We regretted misunderstanding the two kind men, and just stood there awkwardly.
After they finished the work, Sara and I walked in shame to apologize for judging them. “Forgive us for being rude,” we said. They just humorously replied with a joke to get us out of our guilt. Later, Mrs Swain carried juice and homemade cookies to the tired men. Mrs Swain thanked them and offered to pay them. But one man smiled, “We’ll keep your grass cut if you keep making juice and cookies for us.” That day, we learned a lesson. Never pass judgment on people because they don’t look, dress, or sound like you. They may be much better people than you are.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和邻居萨拉一开始对附近来的两个年轻人感到排斥和轻视的态度，直到后来一次他们主动帮助斯温太太割草的行为，改变了原先对他们的看法，并且明白了永远不要因为别人的外表、穿着或声音与你不同而对他们进行评判，他们可能比你优秀得多的道理。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“年轻人和他的朋友很快眼神接触，认真地点了点头。”可知，第一段可描写两个年轻人决定帮斯温太太割草的经过。。
②由第二段首句内容“他们完成工作后，萨拉和我羞愧地走过来，为自己对他们的评价道歉。”可知，第二段可描写萨拉和我向他们道歉并且年轻人给出的回复。。
2.续写线索：认真地点了点头——转身向房子走去——拿出割草机帮忙割草——后悔误解了那两位好心的人——向他们道歉——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①朝……走回：walked back toward /go back to
②主动提出：offered /provided
③努力做某事：worked to do/managed to do
情绪类
①惊讶地：in surprise/in shock
②感谢：thanked /be grateful for/appreciate
【点睛】[高分句型1]The two young men were hurrying across the street, one pushing an old lawn mower and the other carrying a weed eater.（运用了独立主格结构。）
[高分句型2]Never pass judgment on people because they don’t look, dress, or sound like you. （运用了连词because引导的原因状语从句。）
2023年聊城市高考模拟试题
英语（三）
本试卷分三部分，共10页。满分120分。考试用时100分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Learn, Play and Give Back with Freerice!
Description
Freerice is an educational game that helps you get smarter while making a difference for people around the world. Every question you answer correctly raises 10 grains of rice for the World Food Programme to support its work saving and changing lives around the world. Join our global community and start making a difference today.
How can I use Freerice in the classroom or at my workplace?
You can create a group, invite your friends, and compete to see who can raise the most rice! Share your group code so players can join. You can also host a volunteer event on your online account to mark key international days, like World Food Day or the International Day of Charity. Tag @ wfpfreerice so we can repost yours!
Where is the app?
You may have noticed that we recently removed the Freerice app from the App Store and Google Play Store, and we apologize for any inconvenience this may cause. We decide to focus our resources on the responsive web app. You can still play the game on your desktop or mobile phone by entering www. freerice. com. We appreciate your understanding and hope to bring the app back in the future.
Community guidelines
Freerice is for all ages and is designed to be safe and welcoming. Your username and group name are the only two places where players can publish information that is visible to other players.
Contact us
Want to contribute questions or creative ideas to Freerice? Please send an email to WFP. Freerice@wfp.org and let us know a little bit about you.
1. What does Freerice encourage users to do?
A Play games to earn money.
B. Donate money to change lives.
C. Read articles to gain information.
D. Answer questions to help with charity.
2. What can users do in Freerice?
A. Advertise for the WFP.
B. Create a new question set.
C. Organize volunteer activities.
D. Earning coins for joining games.
3. How can users access the game according to the text?
A. By visiting a responsive website.
B. By downloading a mobile app.
C. By contacting the WFP.
D. By sending an email.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款教育游戏Freerice。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Description中的“Every question you answer correctly raises 10 grains of rice for the World Food Programme to support its work saving and changing lives around the world. (你每正确回答一个问题，就会为世界粮食计划署筹集10粒大米，以支持其在世界各地拯救和改变生命的工作。)”可知，Freerice鼓励用户通过回答问题以帮助慈善事业。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据How can I use Freerice in the classroom or at my workplace?中的“You can create a group, invite your friends, and compete to see who can raise the most rice! Share your group code so players can join. You can also host a volunteer event on your online account to mark key international days, like World Food Day or the International Day of Charity. (你可以创建一个小组，邀请你的朋友，并竞争，看谁能筹集最多的大米!分享你的团队代码，让玩家可以加入。您还可以在您的在线帐户上举办志愿者活动，以纪念重要的国际日子，如世界粮食日或国际慈善日。)”可知，用户在Freerice中可以组织志愿者活动。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Where is the app?中的“We decide to focus our resources on the responsive web app. You can still play the game on your desktop or mobile phone by entering www. freerice. com. (我们决定将我们的资源集中在响应式web应用程序上。您仍然可以通过输入www. freerice. com在桌面或手机上玩游戏。)”可知，用户可以通过访问响应式网站进入游戏。故选A。
B
It was eight o’ clock on Christmas morning, and Uncle Tom said he wanted to listen to the news. My 11-year-old self was wondering why grown-ups would be interested in the news when there were important things to be done, such as handing out presents. However, while I was only half-listening to the radio broadcast, I was confused that I had heard that report earlier.
My older brother, Colin, figured out what was happening. “Pete, it’s a tape recorder! We’ve got our tape recorder!” This was one of those rare moments when my inside gave an involuntary lurch (倾斜). Colin and I had both been blind from birth. In the late 1950s, tape recorders were definitely the top choice for blind kids, especially with the rise of rock ‘n’ roll.
But it wasn’t the first time I had been attracted to a tape recorder. I vividly remember walking into a room when I was four and hearing a child’s beautiful singing. It turned out that my dad had borrowed a tape recorder for preparing his projects. And for the first time, in the same way that a sighted child might react to seeing themselves in a mirror or a photograph, I got the sense of myself as a separate person who existed outside my head and was experienced by other people.
Then I became a broadcaster at school. I would wander around the school with my microphone, recording my thoughts in the style of the voices I heard on the radio. But the biggest challenge was not finding things to do with the tape recorder but taking it away from Colin. His generosity on the first day we got it did not extend to handing it over to his brother at school. “You’ll break it,” he would say.
But ten years later, I drew on the confidence gained from those early explorations of the sound and walked into a radio station, in the hopes of selling myself as a broadcast journalist. Eight years later, I presented my first report for BBC’s Six O’Clock News. I never thought that a Christmas present had changed my life.
4. Why did Uncle Tom probably listen to the news on Christmas morning?
A. To keep up with the times.
B. To carry on the holiday tradition.
C. To create a happy festival mood.
D. To surprise Colin and the author.
5. What did the author feel when first hearing a tape recorder at four?
A. His interest in music.
B. His love of broadcasting.
C. The real existence of himself.
D. An understanding of his father.
6. What was the author’s biggest challenge as a school broadcaster?
A. Learning the voice style of radio hosts.
B. Getting the tape recorder from Colin.
C. Balancing broadcasting and study.
D. Finding fun things to record.
7. What helped build up the author’s confidence in becoming a broadcast journalist?
A. His experiences of exploring the sound.
B. His talent for recording.
C. His father’s encouragement.
D. His rich broadcasting knowledge.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和哥哥出生后就双目失明，幼时的一份圣诞礼物——录音机，帮助自己获得了信心，并最终成为了一名播音员。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“However, while I was only half-listening to the radio broadcast, I was confused that I had heard that report earlier.(然而，当我只听了一半的广播时，我很困惑，因为我早些时候听到了那个报道。)”可知，作者的叔叔说要听新闻，但作者发现报道已经播放过了，再根据第二段“My older brother, Colin, figured out what was happening. “Pete, it’s a tape recorder! We’ve got our tape recorder!” This was one of those rare moments when my inside gave an involuntary lurch (倾斜).(我哥哥科林发弄清楚发生的一切。“皮特，这是录音机！我们有录音机！”这是我的内心情不自禁为之一动的罕见时刻之一。)”可推断出，作者的叔叔提出想听听新闻是想把圣诞礼物——录音机作为惊喜送给作者兄弟。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But it wasn’t the first time I had been attracted to a tape recorder. I vividly remember walking into a room when I was four and hearing a child’s beautiful singing. It turned out that my dad had borrowed a tape recorder for preparing his projects. And for the first time, in the same way that a sighted child might react to seeing themselves in a mirror or a photograph, I got the sense of myself as a separate person who existed outside my head and was experienced by other people.(但这并不是我第一次被录音机所吸引。我清楚地记得，当我四岁的时候，走进一个房间，听到一个孩子美妙的歌声。原来我爸爸借了一台录音机准备他的项目。这是第一次，就像一个视力正常的孩子在镜子或照片中看到自己时的反应一样，我感觉到自己是一个独立的人，存在于我的头脑之外，被其他人体验到。)”可知，作者四岁时第一次听到录音机时就被其所吸引，第一次感受到自己是一个独立的人。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But the biggest challenge was not finding things to do with the tape recorder but taking it away from Colin.(但最大的挑战并不是找到处理录音机的方法，而是把它从科林手中拿走。)”可知，作为学校广播员，作者面临的最大挑战是从科林那里拿到录音机。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But ten years later, I drew on the confidence gained from those early explorations of the sound and walked into a radio station, in the hopes of selling myself as a broadcast journalist.(但十年后，我带着从早期探索声音中获得的信心，走进一家广播电台，希望以广播记者的身份推销自己。)”可知，作者对于成为一名广播记者的信心源自于自己探索声音的经历。故选A。
C
After a year of severe drought, California has seen an abundance of rain since late autumn. Abby Wines, a ranger (护林员) at Death Valley National Park in southern California, predicted that the heavy rainfall would bring us the opportunity to witness one of nature’s most spectacular displays of color and life — a superbloom — in 2023.
A superbloom refers to a large amount of wildflower growth that exceeds the average level for a typical spring. It is actually a rare phenomenon that usually takes place in exceptionally wet winters. Seeds that may have slept in desert soil for years finally receive enough water to blossom in more abundant numbers than you would see in a typical year.
The sight of the superbloom is truly breathtaking. Fields of gold, orange, and purple flowers stretch as far as the eye can see, creating a blanket of colors that can be seen from space.
However, climate change makes the phenomenon increasingly rare. In the distant past, these blooms were often excellent and enormous. As development pushes farther out, more landscapes have been changed to agriculture, and as invasive plants outcompetes the native seedlings, many of California’s spring flower fields are disappearing. In addition, thousands of tourists sometimes step on the flowers and soil, which harms the plant’s ability to adapt and thrive.
Naomi Fraga, director of conservation at the California Botanic Garden, points out that in promoting these locations where massive blooms take place, there isn’t a lot of additional information about how these are actually very fragile (脆弱的) ecosystems. Instead of promoting and sharing specific locations, it’s important to educate the public about the fragility of the ecosystems and the importance of staying on trails which people are allowed to enter.
8 What is the key to a superbloom according to Abby Wines?
A. Desert soil. B. Warm climate.
C. Sufficient rainfall. D. High-quality seeds.
9. What does the underlined word “exceeds” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Equals to. B. Goes beyond.
C. Cuts down. D. Sets up.
10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. Reasons for the superbloom being rare.
B. Factors in plants’ adapting to the environment.
C. The relationship between climate and plants growing.
D. The effect of agricultural development on plants flowering.
11. What does Naomi Fraga advocate?
A. Promoting local tourism by advertising superblooms.
B. Recommending tourists perfect trails to enjoy a superbloom.
C. Strengthening the management of California Botanic Garden.
D. Leading the public to focus more on the ecological environment.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加州自深秋以来的强降雨预计将在2023年带来超级盛开，这是一种罕见的现象，并解释了这种现象的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“After a year of severe drought, California has seen an abundance of rain since late autumn. Abby Wines, a ranger (护林员) at Death Valley National Park in southern California, predicted that the heavy rainfall would bring us the opportunity to witness one of nature’s most spectacular displays of color and life — a superbloom — in 2023. (在经历了一年的严重干旱之后，加州自深秋以来迎来了大量降雨。南加州死亡谷国家公园的护林员艾比·瓦恩斯预测，这场暴雨将使我们有机会在2023年见证大自然最壮观的色彩和生命展示之一——超级盛开。)”可知，艾比·瓦恩斯认为，绽放的关键是雨量充足。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Seeds that may have slept in desert soil for years finally receive enough water to blossom in more abundant numbers than you would see in a typical year. (在沙漠土壤中沉睡多年的种子终于获得了足够的水分，开花数量比你在典型年份看到的要多。)”可知，结合画线句，“超级盛开”指的是大量野花的生长超过了一个典型春季的平均水平。所以exceeds为“超过”之意。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“However, climate change makes the phenomenon increasingly rare. In the distant past, these blooms were often excellent and enormous. As development pushes farther out, more landscapes have been changed to agriculture, and as invasive plants outcompetes the native seedlings, many of California’s spring flower fields are disappearing. In addition, thousands of tourists sometimes step on the flowers and soil, which harms the plant’s ability to adapt and thrive. (然而，气候变化使这种现象越来越罕见。在遥远的过去，这些花往往是美丽而巨大的。随着发展向更远的地方推进，越来越多的景观变成了农业，随着入侵植物的竞争超过了本地幼苗，加州的许多春花田正在消失。此外，成千上万的游客有时会踩到花和土壤，这损害了植物的适应和茁壮成长的能力。)”可知，本段主要介绍超级开花罕见的原因。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Naomi Fraga, director of conservation at the California Botanic Garden, points out that in promoting these locations where massive blooms take place, there isn’t a lot of additional information about how these are actually very fragile (脆弱的) ecosystems. Instead of promoting and sharing specific locations, it’s important to educate the public about the fragility of the ecosystems and the importance of staying on trails which people are allowed to enter. (加州植物园的保护主任娜奥米·弗拉加指出，在宣传这些大规模开花的地方时，并没有很多关于这些生态系统实际上是多么脆弱的额外信息。与其宣传和分享特定的地点，不如教育公众生态系统的脆弱性，以及在允许人们进入的小径上行走的重要性。)”可推断，娜奥米·弗拉提倡引导公众更加关注生态环境。故选D。
D
Researchers at North Carolina State University are proposing an additional white traffic light that will act as a sign to human drivers and passengers that they should follow the lead of self-driving vehicles moving through intersections (十字路口).
Driving is fundamentally changing. In the future, human drivers will be sharing the road with autonomous vehicles. The transition to autonomous vehicles is progressing with each passing year and humans are no longer the only ones sitting behind an automobile’s steering wheel. This makes it urgent for traffic lights with a fourth color to become a reality.
The white traffic light would be equipped with wireless Bluetooth technology and would engage when the number of autonomous vehicles driving on the road at any given time exceeds a certain threshold (阈值). Autonomous vehicles would be in communication with each other and with the traffic lights at intersections, within a certain range. Any human drivers in the mix would be informed to follow the lead of the vehicle in front of them via the white light: stop if it stops, continue if it continues.
In simulation models, autonomous vehicles were shown to improve traffic flow on their own. The higher the percentage of autonomous vehicles at an intersection, the faster the traffic moved, with improvements of about 40 to 99 percent in terms of total delay reductions possible. “The white light can be used to coordinate (协调) traffic in any situation involving autonomous vehicles and tells human drivers what’s going on, so that they know what they are supposed to do as they approach the intersection,” says civil engineer Ali Hajbabaie.
As an example, most recently, Tesla’s problematic full-self-driving vehicles have been at the forefront of public criticism after a car crashed into a fire truck. Consequently, the potential risks linked to autonomous driving are what made North Carolina State University researchers suggest adding a fourth color to traffic lights in the coming years.
12. What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Strict traffic rules.
B. The upgrade of road system.
C. Increasing autonomous vehicles.
D. The high cost of self-driving technology.
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the white traffic light?
A. Its signal meaning. B. Its working principle.
C. Its complex database. D. Its potential applications.
14. What does Ali Hajbabaie convey in his words?
A. The white traffic light can help improve the flow of traffic.
B. Autonomous vehicles are potential threats to road safety.
C. It is difficult for elderly drivers to adapt to white traffic lights.
D. People had to be trained before driving on the roads with white traffic lights.
15. Why does the author mention the example of Tesla in the last paragraph?
A. To stress the popularity of driverless vehicles.
B. To prove the necessity of adding white traffic lights.
C. To call on the public to pay close attention to road safety.
D. To present the hidden dangers of using white traffic lights.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着驾驶正在发生根本性变化，研究人员提出了设立一个额外的白色交通信号灯，它将作为一个标志，告诉人类司机和乘客，他们应该跟随自动驾驶汽车通过十字路口。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Driving is fundamentally changing. In the future, human drivers will be sharing the road with autonomous vehicles. The transition to autonomous vehicles is progressing with each passing year and humans are no longer the only ones sitting behind an automobile’s steering wheel.This makes it urgent for traffic lights with a fourth color to become a reality. (驾驶正在发生根本性的变化。在未来，人类驾驶员将与自动驾驶汽车共享道路。向自动驾驶汽车的过渡每年都在推进，人类不再是唯一坐在汽车方向盘后面的人。这使得第四种颜色的交通信号灯迫切需要成为现实。)”可知，代词“this”指代的是上文提到的驾驶发生的变化，在未来，人类驾驶员将与自动驾驶汽车共享道路，道路上会不断增加自动驾驶汽车。故选C。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“The white traffic light would be equipped with wireless Bluetooth technology and would engage when the number of autonomous vehicles driving on the road at any given time exceeds a certain threshold (阈值). Autonomous vehicles would be in communication with each other and with the traffic lights at intersections, within a certain range. Any human drivers in the mix would be informed to follow the lead of the vehicle in front of them via the white light: stop if it stops, continue if it continues.(白色交通灯将配备无线蓝牙技术，当任何时间行驶在道路上的自动驾驶车辆数量超过一定阈值时，它就会启动。在一定范围内，自动驾驶汽车可以相互通信，也可以与十字路口的交通灯通信。车辆中的任何人类驾驶员都将被告知通过白灯跟随前面车辆的指示：如果它停下来，就停下来，如果它继续行驶，就继续行驶。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了白色交通灯运行的原理，故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段““The white light can be used to coordinate (协调) traffic in any situation involving autonomous vehicles and tells human drivers what’s going on, so that they know what they are supposed to do as they approach the intersection,” says civil engineer Ali Hajbabaie.(土木工程师Ali Hajbabaie说：“在任何涉及自动驾驶汽车的情况下，白色交通灯都可以用来协调交通，并告诉人类司机正在发生什么，这样他们就知道在接近十字路口时应该怎么做。”)”可知，Ali Hajbabaie认为白色交通灯可以帮助协调交通，从而使交通更顺畅。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“As an example, most recently, Tesla’s problematic full-self-driving vehicles have been at the forefront of public criticism after a car crashed into a fire truck. Consequently, the potential risks linked to autonomous driving are what made North Carolina State University researchers suggest adding a fourth color to traffic lights in the coming years.(举个例子，最近，一辆特斯拉全自动驾驶汽车撞上一辆消防车后，成为公众批评的焦点。因此，与自动驾驶相关的潜在风险促使北卡罗来纳州立大学的研究人员建议在未来几年为交通信号灯增加第四种颜色。)”可知，文章举特斯拉的例子，是为了证明下文，也就是增加白色交通信号灯的必要性。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Long before metal oven racks (架子) were invented, many people would place the things that they wanted to bake onto stones to keep them from burning in ovens or even directly on heat. ___16___ However, there are actually many applications for its use in baking.
Typical baking stones can be made of various materials, and tend to be either round or rectangular in shape. The clay stone is popular, but some people like marble. Some have a shiny surface and others don’t have. ___17___ Some people suggest that heading to the local kitchen supply store to purchase a baking stone is a waste of time and instead they purchase tiles (瓦片) from kitchen or gardening stores. ___18___ They may contain high amounts of lead and cooks would need to test them for the presence of lead before using them to cook.
___19___ Baking stones absorb and keep heat very well, so when you put them in the oven and allow the oven to run for a while, the stones heat up. They transfer heat directly to the bottom of your bread or other goods, as the goods can be placed directly on the stone so they never start out on a cold surface. This allows bread to bake more evenly all over, resulting in a much nicer crust (酥皮)—particularly for artisan bread.
There are many benefits of using a baking stone to cook pizza or bread. ___20___ For another, the stone is also praised for its ability to evenly heat the crust and lessen chances that pizza or other bread will burn.
A. The way that baking stones work is simple.
B. Baking stones can be found in all shapes and sizes.
C. For one thing, it tends to produce more desirable qualities.
D. That makes them uniquely useful for many cooking creations.
E. Today, the baking stone is associated most with cooking pizza.
F. So you can choose from a great variety of stones on the market.
G. However, most of these products are not rated for safety in cooking.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了烘培石做披萨和面包的好处以及它在烘焙中有很多其它的应用。
【16题详解】
上文“Long before metal oven racks (架子) were invented, many people would place the things that they wanted to bake onto stones to keep them from burning in ovens or even directly on heat.”（早在金属烤架发明之前，许多人就会把他们想烤的东西放在石头上，以防止它们在烤箱中烧焦，甚至直接加热。）引出话题，提到人们把想烤的东西放在石头上。下文“However, there are actually many applications for its use in baking.”（然而，实际上它在烘焙中有很多应用。）说明在烘焙中有很多应用。结合选项E项Today, the baking stone is associated most with cooking pizza.（今天，烘焙石与制作披萨联系最为紧密。）起到上下文的承上启下作用，下文是对上文的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The clay stone is popular, but some people like marble. Some have a shiny surface and others don’t have.”（粘土石很受欢迎，但有些人喜欢大理石。有些有闪亮的表面，有些则没有。）可知，说明不同的选择。结合选项F项So you can choose from a great variety of stones on the market.（所以你可以从市场上各种各样的石头中选择。）可知，和上文内容相关，形成因果关系，为上文内容的语意递进。故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“They may contain high amounts of lead and cooks would need to test them for the presence of lead before using them to cook.”（他们可能含有大量的铅，厨师在用它们做饭之前需要测试它们是否含有铅。）说明不安全的原因。可推知，上文为关于安全的内容。结合选项G项However, most of these products are not rated for safety in cooking.（然而，这些产品中的大多数都没有被评为烹饪安全。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Baking stones absorb and keep heat very well, so when you put them in the oven and allow the oven to run for a while, the stones heat up.”（烘烤的石头吸收和保持热量非常好，所以当你把它们放在烤箱里，让烤箱运行一会儿，石头就会变热。）说明烘烤的石头的方法。结合选项A项The way that baking stones work is simple.（烘烤石头的方法很简单。）和下文内容意思一致，为总结下文内容。故选A项。
【20题详解】
上文“There are many benefits of using a baking stone to cook pizza or bread.”（用烤石做披萨或面包有很多好处。）说明烤石做披萨的好处。下文“For another, the stone is also praised for its ability to evenly heat the crust and lessen chances that pizza or other bread will burn.”（另一方面，这种石头也因为它能均匀地加热面包皮和减少披萨或其他面包烧焦的机会而受到称赞。）说明烤石做披萨好处的原因之一。故可推断空格处内容为另外一种做披萨好处的原因。结合选项C项For one thing, it tends to produce more desirable qualities.（首先，它往往会产生更理想的品质。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Fredric Roi Marquez joined a program to give out food to people at a retirement community. By doing so, the high school student hoped to earn a(n) ___21___ at college. But the program gave him more than he ___22___, including lessons that would ___23___ him in the rest of his life, like the qualities of being focused, patient and highly-efficient.
Roy and Lynn moved to the community 12 years ago. They ___24___ what these young people brought to the community. Roy said, “As you go in and have your dinner offered by young people who are ___25___ and considerate, you just feel great ___26___ and strength.” Lynn said the students truly ___27___ about the people in the community.
For Marquez, the experience was new. He said, “Wow, I’m ___28___ doing this like I’m working. I get close with ‘Grandma’ and ‘Grandpa’.” Marquez also began ___29___ special relationships with the residents. Many students kept the residents ____30____ about their lives.
They talked about school projects, exams and even family issues. They ____31____ their hopes and sought advice from the residents.
Experts say the experience is good for both ____32____. Courtney Benhoff is a spokesperson for the community. She said the program offered students the ____33____ to gain an amount of money. “And through communication, the residents can also better understand these young people that have made their lives more ____34____,” Courtney Benhoff said. “The program is a good ____35____ between the young and the old.”
21. A. scholarship B. friendship C. degree D. living
22. A. refused B. expected C. remembered D. regretted
23. A. trouble B. stop C. interest D. serve
24. A. liked B. relied on C. disapproved of D. missed
25. A. creative B. respectful C. shy D. ordinary
26. A. thrill B. challenge C. warmth D. growth
27. A. worried B. argued C. complained D. cared
28. A. actually B. theoretically C. randomly D. mentally
29. A. handling B. building C. destroying D. repairing
30. A. updated B. confused C. pleased D. concerned
31. A. advertised B. lost C. shared D. sold
32. A. couples B. companies C. families D. generations
33. A. ability B. right C. chance D. permission
34. A. peaceful B. reasonable C. colorful D. attractive
35. A. competition B. bridge C. difference D. contrast
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个奖学金项目加强了学生和老人之间的联系的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这样做，这个高中生希望在大学里获得奖学金。A. scholarship奖学金； B. friendship友谊；C. degree学位；D. living生活。根据下文“She said the program offered students the ___13___ to gain an amount of money.”可知，此处为通过这样做，这个高中生希望在大学里获得奖学金。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这个项目给他的收获比他预期的要多，包括让他终身受益的课程，比如专注、耐心和高效的品质。A. refused拒绝；B. expected期望；C. remembered记得；D. regretted 后悔。根据该句中的“ncluding lessons that would ___3___ him in the rest of his life, like the qualities of being focused, patient and highly-efficient.”可推知，此处为但这个项目给他的收获比他预期的要多，包括让他终身受益的课程，比如专注、耐心和高效的品质。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这个项目给他的收获比他预期的要多，包括让他终身受益的课程，比如专注、耐心和高效的品质。A. trouble麻烦；B. stop停止；C. interest使感兴趣；D. serve提供，服务。根据上文提到的“But the program gave him more than he expected”可推知，此处为这个项目给他的收获比他预期的要多，包括让他终身受益的课程，比如专注、耐心和高效的品质。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们喜欢这些年轻人给社区带来的东西。A. liked喜欢；B. relied on依靠；C. disapproved of不赞成；D. missed错失。根据下文“you just feel great ___6___ and strength.”可推知，此处为他们喜欢这些年轻人给社区带来的东西。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：罗伊说：“当你走进餐厅，由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量。”A. creative有创造力的；B. respectful表示敬意的，尊敬的；C. shy害羞的；D. ordinary普通的。根据句意以及该句中的“and considerate”可推知，此处为当你走进餐厅，由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：罗伊说：“当你走进餐厅，由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量。”A. thrill兴奋；B. challenge挑战；C. warmth温暖；D. growth成长。根据上文“As you go in and have your dinner offered by young people who are respectful and considerate”以及该句中的“and strength”可推知，此处为当你走进餐厅，由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：林恩说，学生们真的很关心社区里的人。A. worried担心；B. argued争论；C. complained抱怨；D. cared关心。根据上文提到的由彬彬有礼、体贴入微的年轻人提供晚餐时，你会感受到巨大的温暖和力量，可知，此处为，学生们真的很关心社区里的人。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他说，“哇，我真的在做这件事，就像我在工作一样。A. actually事实上，竟然；B. theoretically从理论上讲；C. randomly随机地；D. mentally精神上。根据句意以及该句中的“like I’m working”可推知，此处为我真的在做这件事，就像我在工作一样。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马尔克斯还开始与居民建立特殊关系。A. handling处理；B. building建立；C. destroying破坏；D. repairing修复。根据句意以及该句中“special relationships with the residents”可知，此处为马尔克斯还开始与居民建立特殊关系。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多学生向居民介绍他们的最新生活情况。A. updated更新的；B. confused困惑的；C. pleased满意的；D. concerned关心的。根据下文“They talked about school projects, exams and even family issues.”可推知，此处为许多学生向居民介绍他们的最新生活情况。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们分享了自己的希望，并向居民寻求建议。A. advertised登广告；B. lost失去；C. shared分享；D. sold销售。根据该句中的“and sought advice from the residents.”可知，此处为他们分享了自己的希望，并向居民寻求建议。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：专家表示，这种经历对两代人都有好处。A. couples夫妻；B. companies公司；C. families家庭；D. generations代，一代人。根据文章最后一句“The program is a good ___15___ between the young and the old.”可推知，此处为专家表示，这种经历对两代人都有好处。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说，该项目为学生提供了获得一笔钱的机会。A. ability能力；B. right权利；C. chance机会；D. permission准许。根据上文“By doing so, the high school student hoped to earn a(n) scholarship at college.”以及该句中的“to gain an amount of money.”可推知，此处为该项目为学生提供了获得一笔钱的机会。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过交流，居民们也能更好地了解这些让他们的生活更加丰富多彩的年轻人。A. peaceful平静的；B. reasonable合理的；C. colorful丰富多彩的；D. attractive有吸引力的。根据句意以及该句中的“made their lives…”可推知，此处为居民们也能更好地了解这些让他们的生活更加丰富多彩的年轻人。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个项目是年轻人和老年人之间的一个很好的桥梁。A. competition比赛；B. bridge桥梁；C. difference差异；D. contrast对比。根据句意以及该句中的“between the young and the old.”可知，此处为这个项目是年轻人和老年人之间的一个很好的桥梁。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Located in Guangxi, Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge is a famous and special bridge in China. A wind and rain bridge is a roof-covered bridge equipped with benches and pavilions (亭子) ___36___ (shape) like palaces. It can shelter people from the wind and rain and allow them ___37___(meet) and rest.
The Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge, ___38___ design makes it an outstanding example of its type, has three floor levels, ___39___(contain) five pavilions and a platform at either end. The bridge is supported by stone piers (石墩). It’s over 60 meters long, 3 meters wide and the. ___40___(high) above the river is about 10 meters. The upper structure is carefully designed with towers standing on each stone pier. It’s made almost ___41___(entire) of wood and the long and wide roof is covered with beautiful materials.
The bridge, also known as Chengyang Yongji Bridge, ___42___ (construct) by the talented local workmen in___43___ early 1900s to link local villages across the river. The workmen enabled the many wooden pieces to be joined closely together without using nails. And they’d decorated the very ___44___(value) bridge with brightly-colored lifelike carvings ____45____ paintings.
【答案】36. shaped
37. to meet
38. whose 39. containing
40. height 41. entirely
42. was constructed
43. the 44. valuable##valued
45. and
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国广西的程阳永济桥，或称为程阳风雨桥的设计、特点等等。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：风雨桥是一种有屋顶的桥，上面有长凳和亭子，形状像宫殿。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填shaped。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它可以为人们遮风挡雨，让人们会面和休息。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to meet。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：程阳风雨桥的设计使其成为该类型的杰出典范，它有三层，包含五个亭子，两端有一个平台。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge”，和design之间为所有格关系，用关系代词whose。故填whose。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：程阳风雨桥的设计使其成为该类型的杰出典范，它有三层，包含五个亭子，两端有一个平台。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主语“Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填containing。
40题详解】
考查名词。句意：它长60多米，宽3米，高出河约10米。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式作主语，height为不可数名词。故填height。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：它几乎完全由木头建造，又长又宽的屋顶覆盖着漂亮的材料。修饰动词用副词形式作状语，故填entirely。
【42题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：这座桥也被称为程阳永济桥，是20世纪初由当地有才能的工人建造的，连接了河对岸的当地村庄。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the early 1900s”可知，本句为一般过去时；主语为the bridge，单数，和动词construct之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was constructed。
【43题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：这座桥也被称为程阳永济桥，是20世纪初由当地有才能的工人建造的，连接了河对岸的当地村庄。固定搭配：in the early 1900s，意为“在20世纪早期”。故填the。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们用色彩鲜艳、栩栩如生的雕刻和绘画来装饰这座非常珍贵的桥。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词，可用valuable或valued。故填valuable/valued。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：他们用色彩鲜艳、栩栩如生的雕刻和绘画来装饰这座非常珍贵的桥。空前“carvings”和空后“paintings”之间为并列关系，所以用并列连词and。故填and。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你报名参加了你校即将举办关于大自然的英文诗歌朗诵大赛（poetry recitation contest）。请给外教Mr Black写一封邮件，请他指导你选材和朗诵练习。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr Black,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr Black,
How are you doing?
I’ve signed up for the English poetry recitation contest to be held by our school, and I’m writing to see whether you could provide me with some help.
The contest requires that each participant should recite a poem about nature, and I’ve found three poems. Could you be kind enough to help me choose the most suitable one? Besides, I hope you could also give me some advice on how to recite it.
I would be very grateful if you could offer help. Looking forward to hearing from you soon!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr Black写一封邮件，请他指导你关于大自然的英文诗歌朗诵大赛选材和朗诵练习。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：contest → competition/match
此外：besides → what’s more
建议：advice → suggestions
感激的：grateful → appreciative
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’ve signed up for the English poetry recitation contest to be held by our school.
拓展句：I’ve signed up for the English poetry recitation contest which will be held by our school.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The contest requires that each participant should recite a poem about nature, and I’ve found three poems. (运用了宾语从句和虚拟语气)
【高分句型2】I would be very grateful if you could offer help. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sara, my neighbor, and I were sitting in our yard, chatting, and frowning at the wooden house across the street.
Nobody in the neighborhood had met these two young men there yet. The two men had long hair and beards and dressed strangely. They kept to themselves. When they came outside, they never made eye contact with anyone. “They sure don’t fit into the neighborhood,” Sara said, the corners of her mouth turning down as she stared at that house.
Sara said, “What about our street parties? We’ve always included everyone. Should we invite them?” I sighed, “Try being nice, Sara.” Suddenly, Sara sat up straight and her eyes grew wide with curiosity when a government car pulled up before Mrs Swain’s house next door. We hurried over. Mrs Swain was recovering from cancer and lived alone. Sara and I tried to keep an eye on her.
The man from the car put a piece of paper on Mrs Swain’s door and hurriedly left. Mrs Swain looked old, thin, and very tired when she opened the door. We three looked at the paper. It read: “Someone complained your grass’ length is against city rules. Please cut it in five days, or you’ll be fined.”
It was a shame that nobody had cut her grass for her. However, Sara and I lived alone, and we were both pregnant. What was worse, we were on a tight budget, and the other families here were on vacation.
Sara and I comforted Mrs Swain, telling her we’d figure out a way. Mrs Swain blinked in confusion, “Who would complain? Everyone knows that my old lawn mower is broken. And I’ve been sick too.” “It may be those two guys across the street,” Sara whispered, angrily staring at that wooden house.
Just then, a voice that seemed too gentle to be coming from the strange young man behind me said, “What is going on? Is she alright?” He nodded toward Mrs Swain. Sara looked at him coldly and said, “Some guys reported her because her grass is too high.” Her eyes ran over him disapprovingly, but he didn’t seem to notice.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The young man and his friend quickly made eye contact and nodded seriously.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After they finished the work, Sara and I walked in shame to apologize for judging them.
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【答案】The young man and his friend quickly made eye contact and nodded seriously. Then they turned and walked back toward the house. Just then, Mrs Swain’s eyes widened in surprise, and we followed her gaze. The two young men were hurrying across the street, one pushing an old lawn mower and the other carrying a weed eater. Without a word, they worked to cut Mrs Swain’s grass. In silence, we knew we’d made a big, embarrassing, and silly mistake. We regretted misunderstanding the two kind men, and just stood there awkwardly.
After they finished the work, Sara and I walked in shame to apologize for judging them. “Forgive us for being rude,” we said. They just humorously replied with a joke to get us out of our guilt. Later, Mrs Swain carried juice and homemade cookies to the tired men. Mrs Swain thanked them and offered to pay them. But one man smiled, “We’ll keep your grass cut if you keep making juice and cookies for us.” That day, we learned a lesson. Never pass judgment on people because they don’t look, dress, or sound like you. They may be much better people than you are.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和邻居萨拉一开始对附近来的两个年轻人感到排斥和轻视的态度，直到后来一次他们主动帮助斯温太太割草的行为，改变了原先对他们的看法，并且明白了永远不要因为别人的外表、穿着或声音与你不同而对他们进行评判，他们可能比你优秀得多的道理。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“年轻人和他的朋友很快眼神接触，认真地点了点头。”可知，第一段可描写两个年轻人决定帮斯温太太割草的经过。。
②由第二段首句内容“他们完成工作后，萨拉和我羞愧地走过来，为自己对他们的评价道歉。”可知，第二段可描写萨拉和我向他们道歉并且年轻人给出的回复。。
2.续写线索：认真地点了点头——转身向房子走去——拿出割草机帮忙割草——后悔误解了那两位好心的人——向他们道歉——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①朝……走回：walked back toward /go back to
②主动提出：offered /provided
③努力做某事：worked to do/managed to do
情绪类
①惊讶地：in surprise/in shock
②感谢：thanked /be grateful for/appreciate
【点睛】[高分句型1]The two young men were hurrying across the street, one pushing an old lawn mower and the other carrying a weed eater.（运用了独立主格结构。）
[高分句型2]Never pass judgment on people because they don’t look, dress, or sound like you. （运用了连词because引导的原因状语从句。）
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