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浙江省台州市黄岩区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷 （含答案）
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这是一份浙江省台州市黄岩区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷 （含答案），共34页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，阅读理解，任务型阅读，词汇运用，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
浙江省台州市黄岩区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（解析版）
第二部分笔试部分二、完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
9．（15分）Eleven﹣year﹣old Tommy and the other boys on the Bridgewater Badgers football team may sometimes lose a game，（1） they won a fight against bullying（欺凌）.
Danny，the team's "water coach"，was being bullied at school.Kids laughed at him for the way he talked and the way he（2） .Each day，Danny wore his favorite suit（西装） and tie to school.Danny didn't think it was a big（3） ."I just feel really comfortable in it，" he said.
Tommy felt（4） when he found out Danny was being bullied. "（5） should be laughed at for the way they look or speak，" said Tommy angrily.
So Tommy decided he would（6） a suit and tie to school，too. "I did it to support（支持） Danny and make（7） happy and safe.I wanted to show that bullying is not right.And I wanted to tell Danny that anywhere he goes he will be treated（对待）（8） by others，" said Tommy， "I knew Danny would like it.I didn't care what people thought about me in school（9） I was doing the right thing for Danny."
When Tommy told the other boys on the team（10） he was planning，they wanted to show their support，too.So they planned a "Danny Appreciation Day." They decided that on the special day，（11） wearing football shirts，they would dress like Danny.
When other kids at school heard the news，they decided to（12） ，too.On the planned day，they all dressed in suits and ties and met in the school library，cheering and chanting "Danny!Danny!Danny!"（13） .
"I was really really（14） and it made my day，" said Danny.
"If what we did can make a（15） to even one child，then it is worth（值得） it." Tommy said.
（1）
A.and
B.but
C.so
D.or
（2）
A.walked
B.played
C.dressed
D.laughed
（3）
A.deal
B.accident
C.change
D.risk
（4）
A.afraid
B.upset
C.moved
D.lucky
（5）
A.Everybody
B.Somebody
C.Anybody
D.Nobody
（6）
A.give
B.wear
C.take
D.send
（7）
A.him
B.them
C.me
D.her
（8）
A.carefully
B.perfectly
C.fairly
D.seriously
（9）
A.although
B.because
C.until
D.unless
（10）
A.what
B.when
C.where
D.why
（11）
A.instead of
B.thanks to
C.because of
D.such as
（12）
A.give up
B.hurry off
C.join in
D.get out
（13）
A.sadly
B.nervously
C.angrily
D.excitedly
（14）
A.worried
B.happy
C.bored
D.interested
（15）
A.wish
B.decision
C.mistake
D.difference
三、阅读理解。阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
10．（6分）
From：Jane[Jane1988@hotmail.com]
To：Peter [pdrivr7@gmail.om]
Date：21st March 12：27
From：Peter [pdriver77@gmail.com]
To：Jane[Jane1988@hotmail.com]
Date：21st March 14：54
From：Jane[Jane1988@hotmail.com]
To：Peter [pdriver77@gmail.com]
Date：23rd March 17：48
Hi，Peter
Can you help me？It's about Bob.He's become so lazy.He won't do anything except watching TV.He comes home every day from work and sits in front of the TV drinking beer and watching football.He's getting fat and he never does any exercise anymore.You're his best friend.Can't you think of something helpful？
Jane
Hi，Jane
Bob has always been a big Chelsea fan.You could buy him a Chelsea shirt and a football，so he can go out and play.
Peter
Hi，Peter
I bought him the shirt and he loved it.He said he might get another one!But he just wore it last night while he watched Chelsea play against Liverpool on TV.He used the football as a foot rest.I really have no idea how to help him.Could you please think of more ideas？
Jane
（1）In Jane's eyes，Bob is .
A.busy
B.lazy
C.lonely
D.serious
（2）From the texts，we can know Chelsea might be .
A.a football
B.a TV show
C.a football club
D.a shirt
（3）According to the texts，we can know .
A.Bob loves to play football every day
B.the advice from Peter didn't work
C.Bob might get another shirt from Jane
D.Jane is really worried about her health
11．（8分）Computers have become smarter in recent months.The Al﹣powered chatbot（聊天机器人） ChatGPT is able to answer questions，write articles and e﹣mails like a human.It has created excitement all over the world.
Like most robots，ChatGPT wasn't made by just one person.Instead，it was developed by a group of engineers at OpenAI.Among them，one man played an especially important role.That man is Jakub Pachocki.
Jakub Pachocki is a programmer.He has been interested in AI for many years.He wants to use this technology to make computers smarter.In 2017，the man joined OpenAI.There he taught a robot to play Dota2，an online game.Pachocki made the robot play against itself over and over until it reached the top level.
Pachocki began working on ChatGPT in 2018.His job was to pre﹣train the AI system（系统）.The man and his team made computers study hundreds of millions of words.These words came from books，magazine articles，Internet and so on. They covered many different subjects.By studying these words，the system learned the patterns（规律） of human language.This helped the chatbot develop the ability to "chat" about different subjects like a real person.
Although Patrocki is very talented，he has kept a low profile.He hardly ever talks to the media（媒体）.He is not active on social media，either.The programmer，instead，spends most of his time on his work，trying to make computers smarter.
Does ChatGPT's ability surprise you？Well，now you know there are smart minds like Patrocki behind it.Computers are not getting smarter on their own.
（1）What abilities of ChatGPT are mentioned（提及） in Paragraph1？
①answering questions
②writing articles
③making music
④writing e﹣mails
A.①②③
B.①②④
C.①③④
D.②③④
（2）From the passage，we know that Jakub Pachocki .
A.often shares his stories on social media
B.likes playing computer games like Dota 2
C.developed ChatGPT with his team at OpenAl
D.started making ChatGPT as soon as he joined OpenAl
（3）What does "They" in Paragraph 4 refer to？
A.The words.
B.The computers.
C.The books.
D.The articles.
（4）The best title for the passage might be .
A.The development of chatbot
B.A great mind behind ChatGPT
C.Dota2 ﹣ A popular online game
D.ChatGPT﹣ A surprising chatbot
12．（8分）When I was a teenager，my parents were never interested in the music I liked.They said to me， "David，the music you listen to is a lot of noise." In fact，they are not alone.As I've grown older，I have often heard people of my age say， "Today's music is terrible，" Many older people just don't like new music.But why is that？
The mere exposure effect（曝光效应） may explain this.It means the more we know something，the more we like it.When we are in our early teens，we usually spend a lot of time listening to popular music and discussing it with our friends.So we know the new songs and artists during that time well.After we turn 30 years old.we are busy working and raising our families.We don't have much time to understand new music.Instead，we like to listen to our old favorites better，According to studies，by the time they turn 33 years old，most people don't explore new music anymore.
But I think there is another reason for old people's dislike of new music.Most popular music，after all，is not written for them.It is made for young people.Some kinds of music begin as a rebellion（反抗） by young people against old ways of doing things.These kinds include punk（朋克），rap，hip﹣hop，heavy metal（重金属） and more.They naturally interest younger listeners.
Do your parents hate the music you like，too？Now，after reading this article，you know there is nothing wrong with that.
（1）How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph1？
A.By listing numbers.
B.By making a survey.
C.By using a saying.
D.By sharing experiences.
（2）The underlined word "explore" in Paragraph 2 probably means .
A search for
B.make up
C.record
D.compare
（3）Mary，a mother of a 15﹣year﹣old child，may like .
A.punk
B.rap
C.country music
D.heavy metal
（4）What's the writer's purpose by writing this passage？
A.To introduce different kinds of music.
B.To encourage older people to try new music.
C.To show people's different opinions on new music.
D.To get the young to understand the old's dislike of new music.
13．（8分）Mr.and Mrs.March lived with their daughters﹣ Amy，Beth，Meg and Jo.Next to them lived old Mr.Laurence and his grandson，Laurie.They lived in a large and comfortable house.Yet it seemed a lonely，lifeless house.
One day，Jo saw Laurie standing by his window and looking down at the garden.His face looked sad. "Poor boy!He's all alone.He needs some friends，" Jo thought.She wanted to go and see him，but how could she go to the house without an invitation？
Then one afternoon，when she saw Mr.Laurence drive off，she had an idea.She went to the garden.When Laurie saw Jo from the window，his eyes brightened and his mouth began to smile.
Jo laughed and shouted， "How are you？Are you ill？"
Laurie opened the window and said， "Better thanks.I've had a bad cold and had to stay inside for a week."
"I'm sorry，" said Jo， "Are you bored？"
"Yes，very，" he replied.
"Don't your friends come to visit you？"
"No!Will you come，please？" cried Laurie.
"I'd love to!"
Several minutes later，Jo rang the bell of Laurie's house. "Here I am!" she said brightly. "Mother sent her love and my sisters gave me this blancmange（牛奶冻） for you."
"That looks delicious，" Laurie said with a smile.
"You have three sisters﹣﹣Amy，Beth and Meg，" he continued.
"How do you know？" Jo was surprised.
"You call each other's names when you are in the garden.Sometimes I can see you all around the table with your mother.Her face looks so sweet.I can't help watching it.I haven't got a mother."
Jo felt sad when she heard this.She shared all the interesting things in her life with him—her plays，her plans and her passion（ 热情） for books.Laurie loved books，too.He showed her his library.
"How wonderful!" Jo sighed， "All those books!"
Laurie said， "A person needs more than books."
（Adapted from Little Women）
（1）Jo wanted to visit Laurie because .
A.she planned to look after Laurie
B.she wanted to make friends with Laurie
C.she was interested in Laurie's large house
D.she hoped to borrow books from Laurie
（2）What is the right order of the following events according to the passage？
a.Jo brought Laurie food and love.
b.Jo talked with Laurie in the garden.
c.Jo saw Laurie standing by his window.
d.Jo shared interesting things with Laurie.
A.b﹣a﹣d﹣c
B.b﹣d﹣a﹣c
C.c﹣a﹣b﹣d
D.c﹣b﹣a﹣d
（3）Which words can best describe Jo？
A.Brave but careless.
B.Helpful but shy.
C.Kind and friendly.
D.Quiet and smart.
（4）What does Laurie mean by saying "A person needs more than books." at the end of the story？ （No more than 20 words）
四、任务型阅读。阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的A～F六个选项中选出五个填入空白处（其中一项是多余选项），完成符合文段的小标题。
14．（5分）A study from Harvard showed that 90% illnesses come from bad emotions（情绪）.They make you feel bad and even sick.Here are some useful steps to help manage your emotions.
（1）
It is important to know what is acceptable and what is not acceptable for others.You should not hurt others，including hurting them with words.
（2）
You need to understand that bad emotions are very normal，but your actions caused by these feelings will bring bad results.Taking a few deep breaths or slowly counting to 10 can give you time to realize your body's signs of change.
（3）
Saying your wishes helps to open a problem solving conversation.Of course，your wish won't always be accepted in all situations，but you can think of a better way together with the person whom you are angry with.
（4）
It is okay to turn to others for help when you don't feel that you can work out the problem all by yourself.For example，asking your parents or teachers for advice may help you find better ways.
（5）
Sometimes you may still feel angry or upset even after trying each step above.If so，it is often better to walk away or to find another safe way to control those feelings.Several days later，you may feel better and calm down.
A.Walk away or try other ways to cool down.
B.Ask for help to solve the problem.
C.Solve the problem as early as possible.
D.Tell how you feel and what you wish for.
E.Remind yourselves never to hurt others.
F.Take breaths deeply or count numbers.
卷二 五、词汇运用。用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词仅用一次，每空一词。
15．（5分）
we excite success simply opposite
（1）As students，we should do homework all by .
（2）The movie The Battle at Lake Changjin is a great .
（3）In Sanya，you can enjoy all the water sports，or lie on the beach.
（4）There is a library my house，and I like to spend time there on weekends.
（5）Tu Youyou's winning of the Nobel Prize always Chinese people.
B.阅读下面短文，请根据所给中文正确拼写单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
16．（10分）At 8，848.86 meters high，Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain on Earth.While it is famous for its（1） （完美的） views，parts of the mountain are facing a problem：rubbish.Every year， （2） （千） of visitors throw away lots of rubbish.
According to the UN，over 140，000（3） （公斤） of rubbish has been left on the mountain.It has polluted a（4） （宽阔的） area.China has control the number of people who want to climb up the north side of the mountain.Every year，China（5） （允许） only 300 people to climb it.And they can only climb in（6） （春天）.
Local people cleaned the mountain （7） （独自） last year，removing rubbish at a height of5，200 meters.This year，the local government plans to spend 4 million yuan on a new clean﹣up activity to reuse rubbish，because rubbish is a resource（资源） that is put in the（8） （错误的） place.Some artists will also（9） （改变） the rubbish into art works.They will show these works of art to remind people not to leave rubbish when enjoying the（10） （美丽） of nature.
六、根据中文提示，完成课文填空，每空一词。
17．（5分）●Ben could not sleep at first.He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3：00 a.m.When he woke up，the sun（1） （2） （当他醒来时，太阳正在升起）.He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. （3） trees， （4） windows and rubbish were everywhere （倒了的树，破了的窗，还有垃圾到处都是）.They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together.Although the storm broke many things apart，it brought families and neighbors（5） together （它使家人和邻居更加亲密）.
●Teacher：So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong？
Wang Ming：I think it's really interesting.Yu Gong found a good way to solve his problem.
Claudia：Really？I think it's（6） （7） （8） silly（我认为这有点傻）.It doesn't seem very possible to move a mountain.
Wang Ming：But the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard!Yu Gong（9） （10） and didn't give up（愚公坚持努力，没有放弃）.
七、语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
18．（10分）Funmi Ilori is a primary school teacher in Nigeria （尼日利亚）.In 2003，she started（1） program called "Books in a Basket".She went door to door to ask people if they wanted to borrow a book.She found some children never read a book before，so she decided to do something（2） （help） them develop a love for reading.
Years after she started the program，Funmi Ilori came up（3） the idea of building a mobile library.She bought a mini bus（4） filled it with books.She drove to one of（5） （poor） areas in Nigeria and lent kids books for free.Children could （6） （keep） the book until they finished reading.
Seven years（7） （pass） since Funmi Ilori started the mobile library.She now has four mini﹣ buses filled with 1，900 books.Students can choose a book（8） （free） to read at home and bring it back later.
More and more children have realized the（9） （important） of reading. "The job is so meaningful（10） I will continue to provide more books for more children，" said Funmi Ilori.
八、书面表达。
19．（15分）假如你是李华，你看到某英文网站上正在招募杭州亚运会志愿者，并希望能成为其中一员。请用英语给组委会写一封自荐信。
Volunteers Wanted
The 19th Asian Games will be held in Hangzhou，from September 23rd to October 8th，2023.We are in great need of volunteers.
Are you friendly and ready to help others？Are you good at speaking English and communicating with others？And it will be better if you have experiences as volunteers.Anyway，why do you want to be a volunteer？
If you would like to join us，send your information to Mr.Brown at AGOC@126.com by July 10th!Looking forward to your becoming part of our members.
注意：
（1）请回更邮件中所提及的所有问题，可适当发挥；
（2）邮件中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息；
（3）词数：80～100。文章开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr.Brown，
I'm Li Hua.I'm writing to ask for the position of a volunteer for the 19th Asian Games.
_________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
参考答案与试题解析
第二部分笔试部分二、完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
9．（15分）Eleven﹣year﹣old Tommy and the other boys on the Bridgewater Badgers football team may sometimes lose a game，（1） B they won a fight against bullying（欺凌）.
Danny，the team's "water coach"，was being bullied at school.Kids laughed at him for the way he talked and the way he（2） C .Each day，Danny wore his favorite suit（西装） and tie to school.Danny didn't think it was a big（3） A ."I just feel really comfortable in it，" he said.
Tommy felt（4） B when he found out Danny was being bullied. "（5） D should be laughed at for the way they look or speak，" said Tommy angrily.
So Tommy decided he would（6） B a suit and tie to school，too. "I did it to support（支持） Danny and make（7） A happy and safe.I wanted to show that bullying is not right.And I wanted to tell Danny that anywhere he goes he will be treated（对待）（8） C by others，" said Tommy， "I knew Danny would like it.I didn't care what people thought about me in school（9） B I was doing the right thing for Danny."
When Tommy told the other boys on the team（10） A he was planning，they wanted to show their support，too.So they planned a "Danny Appreciation Day." They decided that on the special day，（11） A wearing football shirts，they would dress like Danny.
When other kids at school heard the news，they decided to（12） C ，too.On the planned day，they all dressed in suits and ties and met in the school library，cheering and chanting "Danny!Danny!Danny!"（13） D .
"I was really really（14） B and it made my day，" said Danny.
"If what we did can make a（15） D to even one child，then it is worth（值得） it." Tommy said.
（1）
A.and
B.but
C.so
D.or
（2）
A.walked
B.played
C.dressed
D.laughed
（3）
A.deal
B.accident
C.change
D.risk
（4）
A.afraid
B.upset
C.moved
D.lucky
（5）
A.Everybody
B.Somebody
C.Anybody
D.Nobody
（6）
A.give
B.wear
C.take
D.send
（7）
A.him
B.them
C.me
D.her
（8）
A.carefully
B.perfectly
C.fairly
D.seriously
（9）
A.although
B.because
C.until
D.unless
（10）
A.what
B.when
C.where
D.why
（11）
A.instead of
B.thanks to
C.because of
D.such as
（12）
A.give up
B.hurry off
C.join in
D.get out
（13）
A.sadly
B.nervously
C.angrily
D.excitedly
（14）
A.worried
B.happy
C.bored
D.interested
（15）
A.wish
B.decision
C.mistake
D.difference
【分析】本文主要讲述了一个叫汤米的11岁男孩和他所在的橄榄球队对抗欺凌的故事。
【解答】（1）考查连词。句意：11岁的汤米和布里奇沃特獾足球队的其他男孩有时可能会输掉一场比赛，但他们赢得了与欺凌的斗争。A.and和；B.but但是；C.so所以；D.or或者。前句Eleven﹣year﹣old Tommy and the other boys on the Bridgewater Badgers football team may sometimes lose a game（11岁的汤米和布里奇沃特獾足球队的其他男孩有时可能会输掉一场比赛）和后句they won a fight against bullying（欺凌）.（他们赢得了与欺凌的斗争。）可知，前后句之间存在转折，用转折连词but。故选B。
（2）考查动词。句意：孩子们嘲笑他说话和穿着方式。A.walked走；B.played玩；C.dressed穿着；D.laughed笑。根据后句Danny wore his favorite suit（西装）and tie to school.（丹尼穿着他最喜欢的西装打着领带去上学。）可知，孩子们会嘲笑他的穿着。故选C。
（3）考查名词。句意：丹尼觉得这没什么大不了的。A.deal交易；B.accident事故；C.change变化；D.risk风险。根据后句I just feel really comfortable in it.（我只是觉得穿着很舒服。）可知，丹尼觉得这没什么大不了的。a big deal有什么大不了的。故选A。
（4）考查形容词。句意：当汤米发现丹尼被欺凌时，他感到很难过。A.afraid害怕的；B.upset难过的；C.moved感动的；D.lucky幸运的。根据when he found out Danny was being bullied（当汤米发现丹尼被欺凌时）可知，会很难过。故选B。
（5）考查不定代词。句意：没有人应该因为他们的样子或说话的方式而被嘲笑。A.Everybody所有人；B.Somebody某人；C.Anybody任何人；D.Nobody没有人。根据前句Tommy felt upset when he found out Danny was being bullied.（当汤米发现丹尼被欺凌时，他感到很难过。）可知，汤米认为没有人应该因为他们的样子或说话的方式而被嘲笑。故选D。
（6）考查动词。句意：所以汤米决定他也要穿西装打领带去上学。A.give给；B.wear穿；C.take拿；D.send邮寄。根据第二段Danny wore his favorite suit（西装）and tie to school.（丹尼穿着他最喜欢的西装打着领带去上学。）可知，此处是指穿西装。故选B。
（7）考查代词。句意：我这么做是为了支持丹尼，让他开心和安全。A.him他；B.them他们；C.me我；D.her她，她的。根据前半句I did it to support（支持）Danny（我这么做是为了支持丹尼）可知，是为了让他（丹尼）开心和安全。故选A。
（8）考查副词。句意：我想告诉丹尼，无论他走到哪里，别人都会公平地对待他。A.carefully小心地；B.perfectly完美地；C.fairly公平地；D.seriously严肃地。根据第二段Kids laughed at him for the way he talked and the way he dressed.（孩子们嘲笑他说话和穿着方式。）可知，他这样做是为了告诉丹尼别人会公平对待他。故选C。
（9）考查连词。句意：我不在乎别人在学校怎么看我因为我在为丹尼做正确的事。A.although尽管；B.because因为；C.until直到；D.unless除非。根据空前I didn't care what people thought about me in school（我不在乎别人在学校怎么看我）以及空后I was doing the right thing for Danny.（我在为丹尼做正确的事。）可知，前后句是因果关系，表示"因为"。故选B。
（10）考查代词。句意：当汤米告诉队里其他男孩他的计划时，他们也想表示支持。A.what什么；B.when何时；C.where哪里；D.why为什么。分析句子可知，此处是一个宾语从句，表示"他正在计划的东西"。故选A。
（11）考查介词短语。句意：他们决定在这个特殊的日子里，他们穿得像丹尼一样，而不是穿足球衫。A.instead of而不是；B.thanks to多亏；C.because of因为；D.such as例如。根据...wearing football shirts，they would dress like Danny.（他们穿得像丹尼一样......穿足球衫）结合选项可知，是指他们不穿足球衫。故选A。
（12）考查动词短语。句意：当学校里的其他孩子听到这个消息时，他们也决定加入进来。A.give up放弃；B.hurry off匆匆离开；C.join in加入；D.get out离开。根据后句they all dressed in suits and ties and met in the school library（他们都穿西装打领带，在学校图书馆集合）可知，其他孩子加入他们。故选C。
（13）考查副词。句意：在计划好的那一天，他们都穿着西装，打着领带，在学校图书馆集合，兴奋地欢呼着，喊着"丹尼!丹尼!丹尼!"A.sadly难过地；B.nervously紧张地；C.angrily生气地；D.excitedly兴奋地。根据cheering and chanting "Danny!Danny!Danny!"（......欢呼着，喊着"丹尼!丹尼!丹尼!"）结合选项可知，是兴奋地欢呼。故选D。
（14）考查形容词。句意：我真的很开心，这让我度过了美好的一天。A.worried担心的；B.happy开心的；C.bored无聊的；D.interested感兴趣的。根据it made my day（这让我度过了美好的一天）可知，丹尼很开心。故选B。
（15）考查名词。句意：如果我们所做的事情能对一个孩子产生影响，那就是值得的。A.wish愿望；B.decision决定；C.mistake错误；D.difference差异。make a difference对......产生影响，是固定搭配。故选D。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
三、阅读理解。阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
10．（6分）
From：Jane[Jane1988@hotmail.com]
To：Peter [pdrivr7@gmail.om]
Date：21st March 12：27
From：Peter [pdriver77@gmail.com]
To：Jane[Jane1988@hotmail.com]
Date：21st March 14：54
From：Jane[Jane1988@hotmail.com]
To：Peter [pdriver77@gmail.com]
Date：23rd March 17：48
Hi，Peter
Can you help me？It's about Bob.He's become so lazy.He won't do anything except watching TV.He comes home every day from work and sits in front of the TV drinking beer and watching football.He's getting fat and he never does any exercise anymore.You're his best friend.Can't you think of something helpful？
Jane
Hi，Jane
Bob has always been a big Chelsea fan.You could buy him a Chelsea shirt and a football，so he can go out and play.
Peter
Hi，Peter
I bought him the shirt and he loved it.He said he might get another one!But he just wore it last night while he watched Chelsea play against Liverpool on TV.He used the football as a foot rest.I really have no idea how to help him.Could you please think of more ideas？
Jane
（1）In Jane's eyes，Bob is B .
A.busy
B.lazy
C.lonely
D.serious
（2）From the texts，we can know Chelsea might be C .
A.a football
B.a TV show
C.a football club
D.a shirt
（3）According to the texts，we can know B .
A.Bob loves to play football every day
B.the advice from Peter didn't work
C.Bob might get another shirt from Jane
D.Jane is really worried about her health
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要内容为Jane找Peter帮助Bob减肥的邮件往来。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据It's about Bob.He's become so lazy.（它是关于鲍勃的。他变得很懒。）可知，在Jane的眼里，Bob很懒。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据Bob has always been a big Chelsea fan.You could buy him a Chelsea shirt and a football，so he can go out and play.（Bob一直是Chelsea的忠实球迷。你可以给他买一件Chelsea的球衣和一个足球，这样他就可以出去踢球了。）可知，Chelsea是一个足球俱乐部。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据Bob has always been a big Chelsea fan.You could buy him a Chelsea shirt and a football，so he can go out and play.（Bob一直是Chelsea的忠实球迷。你可以给他买一件Chelsea的球衣和一个足球，这样他就可以出去踢球了。）和I bought him the shirt and he loved it.He said he might get another one!But he just wore it last night while he watched Chelsea play against Liverpool on TV.He used the football as a foot rest.I really have no idea how to help him.（我给他买了球衣，他很喜欢。他说他可能还要一件!但是他只是穿着它观看了昨晚在电视上Chelsea和Liverpool的比赛。他用足球作脚凳。我真的不知道该怎么帮他。）可知，Peter的建议没有奏效。故选B。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
11．（8分）Computers have become smarter in recent months.The Al﹣powered chatbot（聊天机器人） ChatGPT is able to answer questions，write articles and e﹣mails like a human.It has created excitement all over the world.
Like most robots，ChatGPT wasn't made by just one person.Instead，it was developed by a group of engineers at OpenAI.Among them，one man played an especially important role.That man is Jakub Pachocki.
Jakub Pachocki is a programmer.He has been interested in AI for many years.He wants to use this technology to make computers smarter.In 2017，the man joined OpenAI.There he taught a robot to play Dota2，an online game.Pachocki made the robot play against itself over and over until it reached the top level.
Pachocki began working on ChatGPT in 2018.His job was to pre﹣train the AI system（系统）.The man and his team made computers study hundreds of millions of words.These words came from books，magazine articles，Internet and so on. They covered many different subjects.By studying these words，the system learned the patterns（规律） of human language.This helped the chatbot develop the ability to "chat" about different subjects like a real person.
Although Patrocki is very talented，he has kept a low profile.He hardly ever talks to the media（媒体）.He is not active on social media，either.The programmer，instead，spends most of his time on his work，trying to make computers smarter.
Does ChatGPT's ability surprise you？Well，now you know there are smart minds like Patrocki behind it.Computers are not getting smarter on their own.
（1）What abilities of ChatGPT are mentioned（提及） in Paragraph1？ B
①answering questions
②writing articles
③making music
④writing e﹣mails
A.①②③
B.①②④
C.①③④
D.②③④
（2）From the passage，we know that Jakub Pachocki C .
A.often shares his stories on social media
B.likes playing computer games like Dota 2
C.developed ChatGPT with his team at OpenAl
D.started making ChatGPT as soon as he joined OpenAl
（3）What does "They" in Paragraph 4 refer to？ A
A.The words.
B.The computers.
C.The books.
D.The articles.
（4）The best title for the passage might be A .
A.The development of chatbot
B.A great mind behind ChatGPT
C.Dota2 ﹣ A popular online game
D.ChatGPT﹣ A surprising chatbot
【分析】短文主要写了最近几个月计算机变得更加智能化。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段Computers have become smarter in recent months.The Al﹣powered chatbot ChatGPT is able to answer questions，write articles and e﹣mails like a human.It has created excitement all over the world.（近几个月来，计算机变得更智能了。Al驱动的聊天机器人ChatGPT能够像人一样回答问题、写文章和电子邮件。它在全世界都引起了轰动。）可知，第1段提到了ChatGPT的能力有：①回答问题、②写文章、④写电子邮件，选项B符合题意，故选：B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第2段Like most robots，ChatGPT wasn't made by just one person.Instead，it was developed by a group of engineers at OpenAI.Among them，one man played an especially important role.That man is Jakub Pachocki.（和大多数机器人一样，ChatGPT并不是由一个人制造的。相反，它是由OpenAI的一群工程师开发的。其中有一个人扮演了特别重要的角色。这个人就是Jakub Pachocki。）可知，从这段文字中，我们知道Jakub Pachocki与他的团队在OpenAl开发了ChatGPT，故选：C。
（3）代词指代题。根据第4段中的These words came from books，magazine articles，Internet and so on. They covered many different subjects.（这些单词来自书籍、杂志文章、互联网等。它们涵盖了许多不同的主题。）可知，第4段中的"They"指的是"单词"，故选：A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第1段Computers have become smarter in recent months.The Al﹣powered chatbot ChatGPT is able to answer questions，write articles and e﹣mails like a human.It has created excitement all over the world.（近几个月来，计算机变得更智能了。Al驱动的聊天机器人ChatGPT能够像人一样回答问题、写文章和电子邮件。它在全世界都引起了轰动。）及提到全文可知，短文主要写了最近几个月计算机变得更加智能化。因此这篇文章最好的标题可能是聊天机器人的发展，故选：A。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．（8分）When I was a teenager，my parents were never interested in the music I liked.They said to me， "David，the music you listen to is a lot of noise." In fact，they are not alone.As I've grown older，I have often heard people of my age say， "Today's music is terrible，" Many older people just don't like new music.But why is that？
The mere exposure effect（曝光效应） may explain this.It means the more we know something，the more we like it.When we are in our early teens，we usually spend a lot of time listening to popular music and discussing it with our friends.So we know the new songs and artists during that time well.After we turn 30 years old.we are busy working and raising our families.We don't have much time to understand new music.Instead，we like to listen to our old favorites better，According to studies，by the time they turn 33 years old，most people don't explore new music anymore.
But I think there is another reason for old people's dislike of new music.Most popular music，after all，is not written for them.It is made for young people.Some kinds of music begin as a rebellion（反抗） by young people against old ways of doing things.These kinds include punk（朋克），rap，hip﹣hop，heavy metal（重金属） and more.They naturally interest younger listeners.
Do your parents hate the music you like，too？Now，after reading this article，you know there is nothing wrong with that.
（1）How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph1？ D
A.By listing numbers.
B.By making a survey.
C.By using a saying.
D.By sharing experiences.
（2）The underlined word "explore" in Paragraph 2 probably means A .
A search for
B.make up
C.record
D.compare
（3）Mary，a mother of a 15﹣year﹣old child，may like C .
A.punk
B.rap
C.country music
D.heavy metal
（4）What's the writer's purpose by writing this passage？ D
A.To introduce different kinds of music.
B.To encourage older people to try new music.
C.To show people's different opinions on new music.
D.To get the young to understand the old's dislike of new music.
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了作者年轻时父母对他喜欢的音乐不感兴趣，认为是噪音。随着年龄的增长，作者发现很多同龄人也不喜欢新音乐。这可能是因为人们对熟悉的事物越多，就越喜欢它。年轻时我们会花很多时间听流行音乐并与朋友讨论，所以对新歌和新艺术家很了解。但是随着年龄的增长，工作和家庭会让我们没有时间去了解新音乐，更喜欢听老歌。此外，大部分流行音乐并不是为老年人而写的，它们更多是年轻人的叛逆。所以父母不喜欢你喜欢的音乐并没有错。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段When I was a teenager，my parents were never interested in the music I liked.They said to me， "David，the music you listen to is a lot of noise." In fact，they are not alone.As I've grown older，I have often heard people of my age say， "Today's music is terrible，" Many older people just don't like new music.But why is that？（当我十几岁的时候，我的父母对我喜欢的音乐从不感兴趣。他们对我说："大卫，你听的音乐噪音太大了。"事实上，他们并不孤单。随着年龄的增长，我经常听到同龄人说："今天的音乐很糟糕。"许多老年人就是不喜欢新音乐。为什么会这样呢？）可推知作者通过分享自己的经历进入第一段的主题，故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段Instead，we like to listen to our old favorites better，According to studies，by the time they turn 33 years old，most people don't explore new music anymore.（相反，我们更喜欢听我们以前最喜欢的音乐。根据研究，到33岁时，大多数人不再......新的音乐。）可推知此处是指不再探索新的音乐，与"search for"同义，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第二段After we turn 30 years old.we are busy working and raising our families.We don't have much time to understand new music.Instead，we like to listen to our old favorites better，According to studies，by the time they turn 33 years old，most people don't explore new music anymore.（在我们30岁之后。我们忙于工作和养家糊口。我们没有太多的时间去理解新的音乐。相反，我们更喜欢听我们以前最喜欢的音乐。根据研究，到33岁时，大多数人不再探索新的音乐。）以及倒数第二段These kinds include punk（朋克），rap，hip﹣hop，heavy metal（重金属） and more.They naturally interest younger listeners.（这些类型包括朋克、说唱、嘻哈、重金属等等。它们自然会引起年轻听众的兴趣。）可推知玛丽，一个15岁孩子的母亲，可能会喜欢乡村音乐，故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据最后一段Do your parents hate the music you like，too？Now，after reading this article，you know there is nothing wrong with that.（你的父母也讨厌你喜欢的音乐吗？现在，看完这篇文章，你就知道这没什么错了。）结合上文，可知作者写这篇文章的目的是为了让年轻人理解老年人不喜欢新音乐，故选D。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
13．（8分）Mr.and Mrs.March lived with their daughters﹣ Amy，Beth，Meg and Jo.Next to them lived old Mr.Laurence and his grandson，Laurie.They lived in a large and comfortable house.Yet it seemed a lonely，lifeless house.
One day，Jo saw Laurie standing by his window and looking down at the garden.His face looked sad. "Poor boy!He's all alone.He needs some friends，" Jo thought.She wanted to go and see him，but how could she go to the house without an invitation？
Then one afternoon，when she saw Mr.Laurence drive off，she had an idea.She went to the garden.When Laurie saw Jo from the window，his eyes brightened and his mouth began to smile.
Jo laughed and shouted， "How are you？Are you ill？"
Laurie opened the window and said， "Better thanks.I've had a bad cold and had to stay inside for a week."
"I'm sorry，" said Jo， "Are you bored？"
"Yes，very，" he replied.
"Don't your friends come to visit you？"
"No!Will you come，please？" cried Laurie.
"I'd love to!"
Several minutes later，Jo rang the bell of Laurie's house. "Here I am!" she said brightly. "Mother sent her love and my sisters gave me this blancmange（牛奶冻） for you."
"That looks delicious，" Laurie said with a smile.
"You have three sisters﹣﹣Amy，Beth and Meg，" he continued.
"How do you know？" Jo was surprised.
"You call each other's names when you are in the garden.Sometimes I can see you all around the table with your mother.Her face looks so sweet.I can't help watching it.I haven't got a mother."
Jo felt sad when she heard this.She shared all the interesting things in her life with him—her plays，her plans and her passion（ 热情） for books.Laurie loved books，too.He showed her his library.
"How wonderful!" Jo sighed， "All those books!"
Laurie said， "A person needs more than books."
（Adapted from Little Women）
（1）Jo wanted to visit Laurie because B .
A.she planned to look after Laurie
B.she wanted to make friends with Laurie
C.she was interested in Laurie's large house
D.she hoped to borrow books from Laurie
（2）What is the right order of the following events according to the passage？ D
a.Jo brought Laurie food and love.
b.Jo talked with Laurie in the garden.
c.Jo saw Laurie standing by his window.
d.Jo shared interesting things with Laurie.
A.b﹣a﹣d﹣c
B.b﹣d﹣a﹣c
C.c﹣a﹣b﹣d
D.c﹣b﹣a﹣d
（3）Which words can best describe Jo？ C
A.Brave but careless.
B.Helpful but shy.
C.Kind and friendly.
D.Quiet and smart.
（4）What does Laurie mean by saying "A person needs more than books." at the end of the story？ （No more than 20 words）
A person needs not only books，but also needs friends，family and love.
【分析】本文主要讲了乔看到罗瑞很孤单之后，主动和他打招呼，劳里邀请她去家里做客的故事。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段One day，Jo saw Laurie standing by his window and looking down at the garden.His face looked sad. "Poor boy!He's all alone.He needs some friends，" Jo thought.（一天，乔看见罗瑞站在窗前俯视花园。他的脸看起来很悲伤。"可怜的孩子!他孤身一人。他需要一些朋友，"乔想。）推断乔拜访罗瑞是想和他交朋友。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段One day，Jo saw Laurie standing by his window and looking down at the garden.（一天，乔看见罗瑞站在窗前俯视花园。）根据第四段Jo laughed and shouted， "How are you？Are you ill？"（乔笑着喊道："你好吗？你病了吗？"）根据第十一段 "Mother sent her love and my sisters gave me this blancmange（牛奶冻） for you."（"妈妈给我送来了她的爱，我的姐妹们给了我这个奶瓶。"）根据倒数第三段She shared all the interesting things in her life with him—her plays，her plans and her passion（ 热情） for books.（她和他分享了她生活中所有有趣的事情——她的戏剧、她的计划以及她对书籍的热爱。）可知正确的顺序是：c﹣b﹣a﹣d。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Then one afternoon，when she saw Mr.Laurence drive off，she had an idea.She went to the garden.When Laurie saw Jo from the window，his eyes brightened and his mouth began to smile.（一天下午，当她看到劳伦斯先生开车离开时，她有了一个主意。她去了花园。当罗瑞从窗口看到琼时，他的眼睛亮了起来，嘴角绽开了笑容。）推断乔和善友好。故选C。
（4）语义猜测题。根据倒数第三段She shared all the interesting things in her life with him—her plays，her plans and her passion（ 热情） for books.（她和他分享了她生活中所有有趣的事情——她的戏剧、她的计划以及她对书籍的热爱。）可知生活中有很多乐趣，推断 "A person needs more than books."的意思是：一个人需要朋友、家人和爱。故答案为A person needs not only books，but also needs friends，family and love.
【点评】阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
四、任务型阅读。阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的A～F六个选项中选出五个填入空白处（其中一项是多余选项），完成符合文段的小标题。
14．（5分）A study from Harvard showed that 90% illnesses come from bad emotions（情绪）.They make you feel bad and even sick.Here are some useful steps to help manage your emotions.
（1） E
It is important to know what is acceptable and what is not acceptable for others.You should not hurt others，including hurting them with words.
（2） F
You need to understand that bad emotions are very normal，but your actions caused by these feelings will bring bad results.Taking a few deep breaths or slowly counting to 10 can give you time to realize your body's signs of change.
（3） D
Saying your wishes helps to open a problem solving conversation.Of course，your wish won't always be accepted in all situations，but you can think of a better way together with the person whom you are angry with.
（4） B
It is okay to turn to others for help when you don't feel that you can work out the problem all by yourself.For example，asking your parents or teachers for advice may help you find better ways.
（5） A
Sometimes you may still feel angry or upset even after trying each step above.If so，it is often better to walk away or to find another safe way to control those feelings.Several days later，you may feel better and calm down.
A.Walk away or try other ways to cool down.
B.Ask for help to solve the problem.
C.Solve the problem as early as possible.
D.Tell how you feel and what you wish for.
E.Remind yourselves never to hurt others.
F.Take breaths deeply or count numbers.
【分析】本文主要介绍了一些可以帮助你管理情绪的方法。
【解答】 （1）细节推理题。根据下文It is important to know what is acceptable and what is not acceptable for others.You should not hurt others，including hurting them with words.（重要的是要知道什么是别人可以接受的，什么是别人不能接受的。你不应该伤害别人，包括用言语伤害他们。）可知，提到不要伤害别人，应说"提醒自己永远不要伤害别人。"符合题意，故选：E。
（2）细节推理题。根据下文You need to understand that bad emotions are very normal，but your actions caused by these feelings will bring bad results.Taking a few deep breaths or slowly counting to 10 can give you time to realize your body's signs of change.（你需要明白，不良情绪是很正常的，但这些情绪导致的行为会带来不好的结果。深呼吸几次或慢慢数到10可以让你有时间意识到身体的变化迹象。）可知，提到深呼吸或数数字，应说"深呼吸或数数字。"符合题意，故选：F。
（3）细节推理题。根据下文 Of course，your wish won't always be accepted in all situations，but you can think of a better way together with the person whom you are angry with.（当然，你的愿望不会总是在所有情况下都被接受，但你可以想一个更好的方法与你生气的人相处。）可知，提到感受和愿望，应说"说出你的感受和你的愿望。"符合题意，故选：D。
（4）细节推理题。根据下文It is okay to turn to others for help when you don't feel that you can work out the problem all by yourself.For example，asking your parents or teachers for advice may help you find better ways.（当你觉得自己无法完全解决问题时，向他人寻求帮助是可以的。例如，向父母或老师寻求建议可能会帮助你找到更好的方法。）可知，提到寻求帮助来解决问题，应说"寻求帮助来解决问题。"符合题意，故选：B。
（5）细节推理题。根据下文Sometimes you may still feel angry or upset even after trying each step above.If so，it is often better to walk away or to find another safe way to control those feelings.Several days later，you may feel better and calm down.（有时，即使尝试了上面的每一步，你仍然可能感到愤怒或沮丧。如果是这样，最好走开，或者找到另一种安全的方法来控制这些感觉。几天后，你可能会感觉好些，平静下来。）可知，提到走开或另一种安全的方法平静下来，应说"走开或尝试其他方式来保持冷静。"符合题意，故选：A。
【点评】细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息即可。
卷二 五、词汇运用。用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词仅用一次，每空一词。
15．（5分）
we excite success simply opposite
（1）As students，we should do homework all by ourselves .
（2）The movie The Battle at Lake Changjin is a great success .
（3）In Sanya，you can enjoy all the water sports，or simply lie on the beach.
（4）There is a library opposite my house，and I like to spend time there on weekends.
（5）Tu Youyou's winning of the Nobel Prize always excites Chinese people.
【分析】（1）作为学生，我们应该自己做作业。
（2）电影《长津湖》大获成功。
（3）在三亚，你可以享受所有的水上运动，也可以只躺在海滩上。
（4）对面有一个图书馆，周末我喜欢在那里度过。
（5）屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖总是令中国人兴奋不已。
【解答】（1）考查反身代词。句意：作为学生，我们应该自己做作业。根据As students"作为学生"可知，此处是我们应该自己做作业，by oneself"靠某人自己"。we的反身代词是ourselves"我们自己"。故填ourselves。
（2）考查名词。句意：电影《长津湖》大获成功。根据"The movie The Battle at Lake Changjin"可知，此处是"电影《长津湖》大获成功"。a加名词单数，success"成功"，是名词。故填success。
（3）考查副词。句意：在三亚，你可以享受所有的水上运动，也可以只躺在海滩上。根据In Sanya，you can enjoy all the water sports"在三亚，你可以享受所有的水上运动"可知，此处是"也可以只躺在海滩上"。simply"只是"，是副词。故填simply。
（4）考查介词。句意：对面有一个图书馆，周末我喜欢在那里度过。根据"my house"可知，此处是对面有一个图书馆，opposite"在……对面"，是介词，故填opposite。
（5）考查动词时态。句意：屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖总是令中国人兴奋不已。根据"Tu Youyou's winning of the Nobel Prize always"可知，此处是"屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖总是令中国人兴奋不已"，excite"使兴奋"，是动词，一般现在时态，主语单数，谓语动词变第三人称单数。故填excites。
【点评】根据所给单词及句意，结合语法知识，写出答案。
B.阅读下面短文，请根据所给中文正确拼写单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
16．（10分）At 8，848.86 meters high，Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain on Earth.While it is famous for its（1） perfect （完美的） views，parts of the mountain are facing a problem：rubbish.Every year， （2） thousands （千） of visitors throw away lots of rubbish.
According to the UN，over 140，000（3） kilos （公斤） of rubbish has been left on the mountain.It has polluted a（4） wide （宽阔的） area.China has control the number of people who want to climb up the north side of the mountain.Every year，China（5） allows （允许） only 300 people to climb it.And they can only climb in（6） spring （春天）.
Local people cleaned the mountain （7） alone （独自） last year，removing rubbish at a height of5，200 meters.This year，the local government plans to spend 4 million yuan on a new clean﹣up activity to reuse rubbish，because rubbish is a resource（资源） that is put in the（8） wrong （错误的） place.Some artists will also（9） change （改变） the rubbish into art works.They will show these works of art to remind people not to leave rubbish when enjoying the（10） beauty （美丽） of nature.
【分析】这段短文主要写了珠穆朗玛峰面临的垃圾问题。每年有大量游客扔掉垃圾，联合国称已有14万吨垃圾被遗留在山上，污染了一个广阔的区域。中国已经控制了想要攀登北坡的人数，每年只允许300人攀登，并且只能在特定时间攀登。去年当地人清理了5200米高度的山上垃圾，今年政府计划花费400万元进行新的清理活动，将垃圾重新利用，因为垃圾是一种资源。一些艺术家还将垃圾制作成艺术品，展示这些作品以提醒人们在享受大自然美景时不要留下垃圾。
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：虽然它以其完美的景色而闻名，但部分地区正面临着一个问题：垃圾。根据提示"完美的"译为perfect，形容词作定语，故填：perfect。
（2）考查数词。句意：每年，成千上万的游客扔掉很多垃圾。根据提示"千"译为thousand，thousands of数千的，固定短语，故填：thousands。
（3）考查名词。句意：据联合国统计，山上有超过14万公斤的垃圾。根据提示"公斤"译为kilo，结合前面的数词，要用复数形式，故填：kilos。
（4）考查形容词。句意：它污染了大片地区。根据提示"宽阔的"译为wide，形容词作定语，故填：wide。
（5）考查动词。句意：每年，中国只允许300人攀登珠峰。根据提示"允许"译为allow，结合Every year可知时态是现在时，主语是单数名词，动词要用单数形式，故填：allows。
（6）考查名词。句意：它们只能在春天攀登。根据提示"春天"译为spring，故填：spring。
（7）考查副词。句意：去年，仅当地人就清理了这座山，清除了5200米高的垃圾。根据提示"独自"译为alone，副词修饰动词，故填：alone。
（8）考查形容词。句意：今年，当地政府计划花费400万元进行一项新的清理活动，以重新利用垃圾，因为垃圾是一种被放错地方的资源。根据提示"错误的"译为wrong，形容词作定语，故填：wrong。
（9）考查动词。句意：一些艺术家也会把垃圾变成艺术品。根据提示"改变"译为change，will后面加动词原形，故填：change。
（10）考查名词。句意：他们将展示这些艺术品来提醒人们在享受大自然的美丽时不要乱扔垃圾。根据提示"美丽"译为beauty，the后面要用名词，不可数，故填：beauty。
【点评】本篇单词填空给出了汉语，相对来说简单很多，主要注意词性时态单复数等的转化。
六、根据中文提示，完成课文填空，每空一词。
17．（5分）●Ben could not sleep at first.He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3：00 a.m.When he woke up，the sun（1） was （2） rising （当他醒来时，太阳正在升起）.He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. （3） Fallen trees， （4） broken windows and rubbish were everywhere （倒了的树，破了的窗，还有垃圾到处都是）.They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together.Although the storm broke many things apart，it brought families and neighbors（5） closer together （它使家人和邻居更加亲密）.
●Teacher：So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong？
Wang Ming：I think it's really interesting.Yu Gong found a good way to solve his problem.
Claudia：Really？I think it's（6） a （7） little （8） bit silly（我认为这有点傻）.It doesn't seem very possible to move a mountain.
Wang Ming：But the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard!Yu Gong（9） kept （10） trying and didn't give up（愚公坚持努力，没有放弃）.
【分析】老师问学生对于《愚公移山》这个故事的看法，王明觉得很有趣，愚公找到了解决问题的好办法。但是Claudia认为这个故事很愚蠢，移山似乎不太可能。
【解答】（1）考查动词的时态。句意：当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。分析句意可知时态为过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，主语sun为单数形式，可知此处应用was，故答案为was。
（2）考查动词的时态。句意：当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。分析句意可知时态为过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，空格前was，此处应用doing形式，可知此处应用rising，表示"升起"，故答案为rising。
（3）考查形容词。句意：到处都是倒下的树、破碎的窗户和垃圾。fallen为形容词，表示"倒了的"，此处修饰名词trees作定语，位于句首，首字母大写，故答案为Fallen。
（4）考查形容词。句意：到处都是倒下的树、破碎的窗户和垃圾。broken为形容词，表示"破的"，此处修饰名词windows作定语，应用形容词broken，故答案为broken。
（5）考查副词比较级。句意：虽然暴风雨使许多东西破裂，但它使家庭和邻居走得更近了。closer为比较级，表示"更加亲密"，此处应用closer，故答案为closer。
（6）考查固定短语。句意：我觉得这有点傻。a little bit为固定短语，表示"有点"，可知此处应用a，故答案为a。
（7）考查固定短语。句意：我觉得这有点傻。a little bit为固定短语，表示"有点"，可知此处应用little，故答案为little。
（8）考查固定短语。句意：我觉得这有点傻。a little bit为固定短语，表示"有点"，可知此处应用bit，故答案为bit。
（9）考查动词。句意：愚公一直在努力，没有放弃。keep为动词，表示"坚持"，分析句子可知时态为一般过去时，此处应用过去式，keep的过去式为kept，故答案为kept。
（10）考查动名词。句意：愚公一直在努力，没有放弃。try为动词，表示"努力"。keep doing sth为固定搭配，表示"坚持做某事"，可知此处应用trying，故答案为trying。
【点评】本篇单词填空给出了汉语，相对来说简单很多，主要注意词性时态单复数等的转化。
七、语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
18．（10分）Funmi Ilori is a primary school teacher in Nigeria （尼日利亚）.In 2003，she started（1） a program called "Books in a Basket".She went door to door to ask people if they wanted to borrow a book.She found some children never read a book before，so she decided to do something（2） to help （help） them develop a love for reading.
Years after she started the program，Funmi Ilori came up（3） with the idea of building a mobile library.She bought a mini bus（4） and filled it with books.She drove to one of（5） the poorest （poor） areas in Nigeria and lent kids books for free.Children could （6） keep （keep） the book until they finished reading.
Seven years（7） have passed （pass） since Funmi Ilori started the mobile library.She now has four mini﹣ buses filled with 1，900 books.Students can choose a book（8） freely （free） to read at home and bring it back later.
More and more children have realized the（9） importance （important） of reading. "The job is so meaningful（10） that I will continue to provide more books for more children，" said Funmi Ilori.
【分析】这篇短文主要写了尼日利亚的小学教师Funmi Ilori创办了一个叫做"书篮计划"的项目。她挨家挨户询问人们是否想借书。她发现一些孩子以前从未读过书，所以她决定做些事情来帮助他们培养对阅读的热爱。多年后，Funmi Ilori提出了建立一个移动图书馆的想法。她买了一辆小巴士并装满了书籍。她开车去尼日利亚的一个贫困地区，免费借给孩子们书籍。孩子们可以将书保留直到阅读完毕。Funmi Ilori创办移动图书馆已经过去了七年。现在她有四辆装满1900本书的小巴士。学生们可以选择一本免费的书带回家阅读，并在之后归还。越来越多的孩子意识到阅读的重要性。Funmi Ilori说："这份工作非常有意义，我将继续为更多的孩子提供更多的书籍。"
【解答】（1）考查冠词。句意：2003年，她开办了一个名为"篮子里的书"的项目。辅音音素前用不定冠词a表示一个。故答案为a。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：她发现一些孩子以前从来没有读过一本书，所以她决定做一些事情来帮助他们培养对阅读的热爱。用动词不定式表示目的。故答案为to help。
（3）考查介词。句意：在开始这个项目多年之后，Funmi Ilori提出了建立一个移动图书馆的想法。come up with提出，动词短语。故答案为with。
（4）考查连词。句意：她买了一辆小型公共汽车，里面装满了书。and"和"符合题意，表示并列。故答案为and。
（5）考查形容词最高级。句意：她开车到尼日利亚最贫穷的地区之一，免费借给孩子们书。one of后跟形容词最高级。故答案为the poorest。
（6）考查动词。句意：孩子们可以保留这本书直到他们读完。could为情态动词，后跟动词原形。故答案为keep。
（7）考查动词。句意：自从Funmi Ilori创办移动图书馆以来，已经过去了七年。根据since Funmi Ilori started the mobile library.可知用现在完成时，复数名词后谓语动词为have done的形式。故答案为have passed。
（8）考查副词。句意：学生可以自由选择一本书在家阅读，之后再带回来。用副词修饰实义动词。故答案为freely。
（9）考查名词。句意：越来越多的孩子已经意识到阅读的重要性。the为定冠词，后跟名词。故答案为importance。
（10）考查连词。句意：Funmi Ilori说："这份工作意义重大，我将继续为更多的孩子提供更多的书。"so...that如此……以至于，固定搭配。故答案为that。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，紧密结合上下文判断句意，根据句意及相关知识点写出词语的正确形式，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
八、书面表达。
19．（15分）假如你是李华，你看到某英文网站上正在招募杭州亚运会志愿者，并希望能成为其中一员。请用英语给组委会写一封自荐信。
Volunteers Wanted
The 19th Asian Games will be held in Hangzhou，from September 23rd to October 8th，2023.We are in great need of volunteers.
Are you friendly and ready to help others？Are you good at speaking English and communicating with others？And it will be better if you have experiences as volunteers.Anyway，why do you want to be a volunteer？
If you would like to join us，send your information to Mr.Brown at AGOC@126.com by July 10th!Looking forward to your becoming part of our members.
注意：
（1）请回更邮件中所提及的所有问题，可适当发挥；
（2）邮件中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息；
（3）词数：80～100。文章开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr.Brown，
I'm Li Hua.I'm writing to ask for the position of a volunteer for the 19th Asian Games.
_________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
【分析】【高分句型一】
I am good at speaking English and communicating with others.我擅长英语口语和与人交流。
be good at doing sth擅长做某事。
【高分句型二】
I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to be a volunteer.如果您能给我一个做志愿者的机会，我将不胜感激。
if引导条件状语从句。
【解答】Dear Mr.Brown，
I'm Li Hua.I'm writing to ask for the position of a volunteer for the 19th Asian Games.（写信目的）
I am always friendly and ready to help others.（友好并乐于助人）I am good at speaking English and communicating with others.【高分句型一】（擅长说英语和与人交流）I have experiences as volunteers.Last year，I went to receive foreign tourists as a volunteer.（有志愿者经验）Besides，I have other advantages.I am fond of sports.I was born in Hangzhou，so I am familiar with Hangzhou.（其他优势）I am willing to provide the best service for every athlete in the 19th Asian Games.I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to be a volunteer.【高分句型二】（希望）
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
浙江省台州市黄岩区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（解析版）
第二部分笔试部分二、完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
9．（15分）Eleven﹣year﹣old Tommy and the other boys on the Bridgewater Badgers football team may sometimes lose a game，（1） they won a fight against bullying（欺凌）.
Danny，the team's "water coach"，was being bullied at school.Kids laughed at him for the way he talked and the way he（2） .Each day，Danny wore his favorite suit（西装） and tie to school.Danny didn't think it was a big（3） ."I just feel really comfortable in it，" he said.
Tommy felt（4） when he found out Danny was being bullied. "（5） should be laughed at for the way they look or speak，" said Tommy angrily.
So Tommy decided he would（6） a suit and tie to school，too. "I did it to support（支持） Danny and make（7） happy and safe.I wanted to show that bullying is not right.And I wanted to tell Danny that anywhere he goes he will be treated（对待）（8） by others，" said Tommy， "I knew Danny would like it.I didn't care what people thought about me in school（9） I was doing the right thing for Danny."
When Tommy told the other boys on the team（10） he was planning，they wanted to show their support，too.So they planned a "Danny Appreciation Day." They decided that on the special day，（11） wearing football shirts，they would dress like Danny.
When other kids at school heard the news，they decided to（12） ，too.On the planned day，they all dressed in suits and ties and met in the school library，cheering and chanting "Danny!Danny!Danny!"（13） .
"I was really really（14） and it made my day，" said Danny.
"If what we did can make a（15） to even one child，then it is worth（值得） it." Tommy said.
（1）
A.and
B.but
C.so
D.or
（2）
A.walked
B.played
C.dressed
D.laughed
（3）
A.deal
B.accident
C.change
D.risk
（4）
A.afraid
B.upset
C.moved
D.lucky
（5）
A.Everybody
B.Somebody
C.Anybody
D.Nobody
（6）
A.give
B.wear
C.take
D.send
（7）
A.him
B.them
C.me
D.her
（8）
A.carefully
B.perfectly
C.fairly
D.seriously
（9）
A.although
B.because
C.until
D.unless
（10）
A.what
B.when
C.where
D.why
（11）
A.instead of
B.thanks to
C.because of
D.such as
（12）
A.give up
B.hurry off
C.join in
D.get out
（13）
A.sadly
B.nervously
C.angrily
D.excitedly
（14）
A.worried
B.happy
C.bored
D.interested
（15）
A.wish
B.decision
C.mistake
D.difference
三、阅读理解。阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
10．（6分）
From：Jane[Jane1988@hotmail.com]
To：Peter [pdrivr7@gmail.om]
Date：21st March 12：27
From：Peter [pdriver77@gmail.com]
To：Jane[Jane1988@hotmail.com]
Date：21st March 14：54
From：Jane[Jane1988@hotmail.com]
To：Peter [pdriver77@gmail.com]
Date：23rd March 17：48
Hi，Peter
Can you help me？It's about Bob.He's become so lazy.He won't do anything except watching TV.He comes home every day from work and sits in front of the TV drinking beer and watching football.He's getting fat and he never does any exercise anymore.You're his best friend.Can't you think of something helpful？
Jane
Hi，Jane
Bob has always been a big Chelsea fan.You could buy him a Chelsea shirt and a football，so he can go out and play.
Peter
Hi，Peter
I bought him the shirt and he loved it.He said he might get another one!But he just wore it last night while he watched Chelsea play against Liverpool on TV.He used the football as a foot rest.I really have no idea how to help him.Could you please think of more ideas？
Jane
（1）In Jane's eyes，Bob is .
A.busy
B.lazy
C.lonely
D.serious
（2）From the texts，we can know Chelsea might be .
A.a football
B.a TV show
C.a football club
D.a shirt
（3）According to the texts，we can know .
A.Bob loves to play football every day
B.the advice from Peter didn't work
C.Bob might get another shirt from Jane
D.Jane is really worried about her health
11．（8分）Computers have become smarter in recent months.The Al﹣powered chatbot（聊天机器人） ChatGPT is able to answer questions，write articles and e﹣mails like a human.It has created excitement all over the world.
Like most robots，ChatGPT wasn't made by just one person.Instead，it was developed by a group of engineers at OpenAI.Among them，one man played an especially important role.That man is Jakub Pachocki.
Jakub Pachocki is a programmer.He has been interested in AI for many years.He wants to use this technology to make computers smarter.In 2017，the man joined OpenAI.There he taught a robot to play Dota2，an online game.Pachocki made the robot play against itself over and over until it reached the top level.
Pachocki began working on ChatGPT in 2018.His job was to pre﹣train the AI system（系统）.The man and his team made computers study hundreds of millions of words.These words came from books，magazine articles，Internet and so on. They covered many different subjects.By studying these words，the system learned the patterns（规律） of human language.This helped the chatbot develop the ability to "chat" about different subjects like a real person.
Although Patrocki is very talented，he has kept a low profile.He hardly ever talks to the media（媒体）.He is not active on social media，either.The programmer，instead，spends most of his time on his work，trying to make computers smarter.
Does ChatGPT's ability surprise you？Well，now you know there are smart minds like Patrocki behind it.Computers are not getting smarter on their own.
（1）What abilities of ChatGPT are mentioned（提及） in Paragraph1？
①answering questions
②writing articles
③making music
④writing e﹣mails
A.①②③
B.①②④
C.①③④
D.②③④
（2）From the passage，we know that Jakub Pachocki .
A.often shares his stories on social media
B.likes playing computer games like Dota 2
C.developed ChatGPT with his team at OpenAl
D.started making ChatGPT as soon as he joined OpenAl
（3）What does "They" in Paragraph 4 refer to？
A.The words.
B.The computers.
C.The books.
D.The articles.
（4）The best title for the passage might be .
A.The development of chatbot
B.A great mind behind ChatGPT
C.Dota2 ﹣ A popular online game
D.ChatGPT﹣ A surprising chatbot
12．（8分）When I was a teenager，my parents were never interested in the music I liked.They said to me， "David，the music you listen to is a lot of noise." In fact，they are not alone.As I've grown older，I have often heard people of my age say， "Today's music is terrible，" Many older people just don't like new music.But why is that？
The mere exposure effect（曝光效应） may explain this.It means the more we know something，the more we like it.When we are in our early teens，we usually spend a lot of time listening to popular music and discussing it with our friends.So we know the new songs and artists during that time well.After we turn 30 years old.we are busy working and raising our families.We don't have much time to understand new music.Instead，we like to listen to our old favorites better，According to studies，by the time they turn 33 years old，most people don't explore new music anymore.
But I think there is another reason for old people's dislike of new music.Most popular music，after all，is not written for them.It is made for young people.Some kinds of music begin as a rebellion（反抗） by young people against old ways of doing things.These kinds include punk（朋克），rap，hip﹣hop，heavy metal（重金属） and more.They naturally interest younger listeners.
Do your parents hate the music you like，too？Now，after reading this article，you know there is nothing wrong with that.
（1）How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph1？
A.By listing numbers.
B.By making a survey.
C.By using a saying.
D.By sharing experiences.
（2）The underlined word "explore" in Paragraph 2 probably means .
A search for
B.make up
C.record
D.compare
（3）Mary，a mother of a 15﹣year﹣old child，may like .
A.punk
B.rap
C.country music
D.heavy metal
（4）What's the writer's purpose by writing this passage？
A.To introduce different kinds of music.
B.To encourage older people to try new music.
C.To show people's different opinions on new music.
D.To get the young to understand the old's dislike of new music.
13．（8分）Mr.and Mrs.March lived with their daughters﹣ Amy，Beth，Meg and Jo.Next to them lived old Mr.Laurence and his grandson，Laurie.They lived in a large and comfortable house.Yet it seemed a lonely，lifeless house.
One day，Jo saw Laurie standing by his window and looking down at the garden.His face looked sad. "Poor boy!He's all alone.He needs some friends，" Jo thought.She wanted to go and see him，but how could she go to the house without an invitation？
Then one afternoon，when she saw Mr.Laurence drive off，she had an idea.She went to the garden.When Laurie saw Jo from the window，his eyes brightened and his mouth began to smile.
Jo laughed and shouted， "How are you？Are you ill？"
Laurie opened the window and said， "Better thanks.I've had a bad cold and had to stay inside for a week."
"I'm sorry，" said Jo， "Are you bored？"
"Yes，very，" he replied.
"Don't your friends come to visit you？"
"No!Will you come，please？" cried Laurie.
"I'd love to!"
Several minutes later，Jo rang the bell of Laurie's house. "Here I am!" she said brightly. "Mother sent her love and my sisters gave me this blancmange（牛奶冻） for you."
"That looks delicious，" Laurie said with a smile.
"You have three sisters﹣﹣Amy，Beth and Meg，" he continued.
"How do you know？" Jo was surprised.
"You call each other's names when you are in the garden.Sometimes I can see you all around the table with your mother.Her face looks so sweet.I can't help watching it.I haven't got a mother."
Jo felt sad when she heard this.She shared all the interesting things in her life with him—her plays，her plans and her passion（ 热情） for books.Laurie loved books，too.He showed her his library.
"How wonderful!" Jo sighed， "All those books!"
Laurie said， "A person needs more than books."
（Adapted from Little Women）
（1）Jo wanted to visit Laurie because .
A.she planned to look after Laurie
B.she wanted to make friends with Laurie
C.she was interested in Laurie's large house
D.she hoped to borrow books from Laurie
（2）What is the right order of the following events according to the passage？
a.Jo brought Laurie food and love.
b.Jo talked with Laurie in the garden.
c.Jo saw Laurie standing by his window.
d.Jo shared interesting things with Laurie.
A.b﹣a﹣d﹣c
B.b﹣d﹣a﹣c
C.c﹣a﹣b﹣d
D.c﹣b﹣a﹣d
（3）Which words can best describe Jo？
A.Brave but careless.
B.Helpful but shy.
C.Kind and friendly.
D.Quiet and smart.
（4）What does Laurie mean by saying "A person needs more than books." at the end of the story？ （No more than 20 words）
四、任务型阅读。阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的A～F六个选项中选出五个填入空白处（其中一项是多余选项），完成符合文段的小标题。
14．（5分）A study from Harvard showed that 90% illnesses come from bad emotions（情绪）.They make you feel bad and even sick.Here are some useful steps to help manage your emotions.
（1）
It is important to know what is acceptable and what is not acceptable for others.You should not hurt others，including hurting them with words.
（2）
You need to understand that bad emotions are very normal，but your actions caused by these feelings will bring bad results.Taking a few deep breaths or slowly counting to 10 can give you time to realize your body's signs of change.
（3）
Saying your wishes helps to open a problem solving conversation.Of course，your wish won't always be accepted in all situations，but you can think of a better way together with the person whom you are angry with.
（4）
It is okay to turn to others for help when you don't feel that you can work out the problem all by yourself.For example，asking your parents or teachers for advice may help you find better ways.
（5）
Sometimes you may still feel angry or upset even after trying each step above.If so，it is often better to walk away or to find another safe way to control those feelings.Several days later，you may feel better and calm down.
A.Walk away or try other ways to cool down.
B.Ask for help to solve the problem.
C.Solve the problem as early as possible.
D.Tell how you feel and what you wish for.
E.Remind yourselves never to hurt others.
F.Take breaths deeply or count numbers.
卷二 五、词汇运用。用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词仅用一次，每空一词。
15．（5分）
we excite success simply opposite
（1）As students，we should do homework all by .
（2）The movie The Battle at Lake Changjin is a great .
（3）In Sanya，you can enjoy all the water sports，or lie on the beach.
（4）There is a library my house，and I like to spend time there on weekends.
（5）Tu Youyou's winning of the Nobel Prize always Chinese people.
B.阅读下面短文，请根据所给中文正确拼写单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
16．（10分）At 8，848.86 meters high，Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain on Earth.While it is famous for its（1） （完美的） views，parts of the mountain are facing a problem：rubbish.Every year， （2） （千） of visitors throw away lots of rubbish.
According to the UN，over 140，000（3） （公斤） of rubbish has been left on the mountain.It has polluted a（4） （宽阔的） area.China has control the number of people who want to climb up the north side of the mountain.Every year，China（5） （允许） only 300 people to climb it.And they can only climb in（6） （春天）.
Local people cleaned the mountain （7） （独自） last year，removing rubbish at a height of5，200 meters.This year，the local government plans to spend 4 million yuan on a new clean﹣up activity to reuse rubbish，because rubbish is a resource（资源） that is put in the（8） （错误的） place.Some artists will also（9） （改变） the rubbish into art works.They will show these works of art to remind people not to leave rubbish when enjoying the（10） （美丽） of nature.
六、根据中文提示，完成课文填空，每空一词。
17．（5分）●Ben could not sleep at first.He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3：00 a.m.When he woke up，the sun（1） （2） （当他醒来时，太阳正在升起）.He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. （3） trees， （4） windows and rubbish were everywhere （倒了的树，破了的窗，还有垃圾到处都是）.They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together.Although the storm broke many things apart，it brought families and neighbors（5） together （它使家人和邻居更加亲密）.
●Teacher：So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong？
Wang Ming：I think it's really interesting.Yu Gong found a good way to solve his problem.
Claudia：Really？I think it's（6） （7） （8） silly（我认为这有点傻）.It doesn't seem very possible to move a mountain.
Wang Ming：But the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard!Yu Gong（9） （10） and didn't give up（愚公坚持努力，没有放弃）.
七、语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
18．（10分）Funmi Ilori is a primary school teacher in Nigeria （尼日利亚）.In 2003，she started（1） program called "Books in a Basket".She went door to door to ask people if they wanted to borrow a book.She found some children never read a book before，so she decided to do something（2） （help） them develop a love for reading.
Years after she started the program，Funmi Ilori came up（3） the idea of building a mobile library.She bought a mini bus（4） filled it with books.She drove to one of（5） （poor） areas in Nigeria and lent kids books for free.Children could （6） （keep） the book until they finished reading.
Seven years（7） （pass） since Funmi Ilori started the mobile library.She now has four mini﹣ buses filled with 1，900 books.Students can choose a book（8） （free） to read at home and bring it back later.
More and more children have realized the（9） （important） of reading. "The job is so meaningful（10） I will continue to provide more books for more children，" said Funmi Ilori.
八、书面表达。
19．（15分）假如你是李华，你看到某英文网站上正在招募杭州亚运会志愿者，并希望能成为其中一员。请用英语给组委会写一封自荐信。
Volunteers Wanted
The 19th Asian Games will be held in Hangzhou，from September 23rd to October 8th，2023.We are in great need of volunteers.
Are you friendly and ready to help others？Are you good at speaking English and communicating with others？And it will be better if you have experiences as volunteers.Anyway，why do you want to be a volunteer？
If you would like to join us，send your information to Mr.Brown at AGOC@126.com by July 10th!Looking forward to your becoming part of our members.
注意：
（1）请回更邮件中所提及的所有问题，可适当发挥；
（2）邮件中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息；
（3）词数：80～100。文章开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr.Brown，
I'm Li Hua.I'm writing to ask for the position of a volunteer for the 19th Asian Games.
_________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
参考答案与试题解析
第二部分笔试部分二、完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
9．（15分）Eleven﹣year﹣old Tommy and the other boys on the Bridgewater Badgers football team may sometimes lose a game，（1） B they won a fight against bullying（欺凌）.
Danny，the team's "water coach"，was being bullied at school.Kids laughed at him for the way he talked and the way he（2） C .Each day，Danny wore his favorite suit（西装） and tie to school.Danny didn't think it was a big（3） A ."I just feel really comfortable in it，" he said.
Tommy felt（4） B when he found out Danny was being bullied. "（5） D should be laughed at for the way they look or speak，" said Tommy angrily.
So Tommy decided he would（6） B a suit and tie to school，too. "I did it to support（支持） Danny and make（7） A happy and safe.I wanted to show that bullying is not right.And I wanted to tell Danny that anywhere he goes he will be treated（对待）（8） C by others，" said Tommy， "I knew Danny would like it.I didn't care what people thought about me in school（9） B I was doing the right thing for Danny."
When Tommy told the other boys on the team（10） A he was planning，they wanted to show their support，too.So they planned a "Danny Appreciation Day." They decided that on the special day，（11） A wearing football shirts，they would dress like Danny.
When other kids at school heard the news，they decided to（12） C ，too.On the planned day，they all dressed in suits and ties and met in the school library，cheering and chanting "Danny!Danny!Danny!"（13） D .
"I was really really（14） B and it made my day，" said Danny.
"If what we did can make a（15） D to even one child，then it is worth（值得） it." Tommy said.
（1）
A.and
B.but
C.so
D.or
（2）
A.walked
B.played
C.dressed
D.laughed
（3）
A.deal
B.accident
C.change
D.risk
（4）
A.afraid
B.upset
C.moved
D.lucky
（5）
A.Everybody
B.Somebody
C.Anybody
D.Nobody
（6）
A.give
B.wear
C.take
D.send
（7）
A.him
B.them
C.me
D.her
（8）
A.carefully
B.perfectly
C.fairly
D.seriously
（9）
A.although
B.because
C.until
D.unless
（10）
A.what
B.when
C.where
D.why
（11）
A.instead of
B.thanks to
C.because of
D.such as
（12）
A.give up
B.hurry off
C.join in
D.get out
（13）
A.sadly
B.nervously
C.angrily
D.excitedly
（14）
A.worried
B.happy
C.bored
D.interested
（15）
A.wish
B.decision
C.mistake
D.difference
【分析】本文主要讲述了一个叫汤米的11岁男孩和他所在的橄榄球队对抗欺凌的故事。
【解答】（1）考查连词。句意：11岁的汤米和布里奇沃特獾足球队的其他男孩有时可能会输掉一场比赛，但他们赢得了与欺凌的斗争。A.and和；B.but但是；C.so所以；D.or或者。前句Eleven﹣year﹣old Tommy and the other boys on the Bridgewater Badgers football team may sometimes lose a game（11岁的汤米和布里奇沃特獾足球队的其他男孩有时可能会输掉一场比赛）和后句they won a fight against bullying（欺凌）.（他们赢得了与欺凌的斗争。）可知，前后句之间存在转折，用转折连词but。故选B。
（2）考查动词。句意：孩子们嘲笑他说话和穿着方式。A.walked走；B.played玩；C.dressed穿着；D.laughed笑。根据后句Danny wore his favorite suit（西装）and tie to school.（丹尼穿着他最喜欢的西装打着领带去上学。）可知，孩子们会嘲笑他的穿着。故选C。
（3）考查名词。句意：丹尼觉得这没什么大不了的。A.deal交易；B.accident事故；C.change变化；D.risk风险。根据后句I just feel really comfortable in it.（我只是觉得穿着很舒服。）可知，丹尼觉得这没什么大不了的。a big deal有什么大不了的。故选A。
（4）考查形容词。句意：当汤米发现丹尼被欺凌时，他感到很难过。A.afraid害怕的；B.upset难过的；C.moved感动的；D.lucky幸运的。根据when he found out Danny was being bullied（当汤米发现丹尼被欺凌时）可知，会很难过。故选B。
（5）考查不定代词。句意：没有人应该因为他们的样子或说话的方式而被嘲笑。A.Everybody所有人；B.Somebody某人；C.Anybody任何人；D.Nobody没有人。根据前句Tommy felt upset when he found out Danny was being bullied.（当汤米发现丹尼被欺凌时，他感到很难过。）可知，汤米认为没有人应该因为他们的样子或说话的方式而被嘲笑。故选D。
（6）考查动词。句意：所以汤米决定他也要穿西装打领带去上学。A.give给；B.wear穿；C.take拿；D.send邮寄。根据第二段Danny wore his favorite suit（西装）and tie to school.（丹尼穿着他最喜欢的西装打着领带去上学。）可知，此处是指穿西装。故选B。
（7）考查代词。句意：我这么做是为了支持丹尼，让他开心和安全。A.him他；B.them他们；C.me我；D.her她，她的。根据前半句I did it to support（支持）Danny（我这么做是为了支持丹尼）可知，是为了让他（丹尼）开心和安全。故选A。
（8）考查副词。句意：我想告诉丹尼，无论他走到哪里，别人都会公平地对待他。A.carefully小心地；B.perfectly完美地；C.fairly公平地；D.seriously严肃地。根据第二段Kids laughed at him for the way he talked and the way he dressed.（孩子们嘲笑他说话和穿着方式。）可知，他这样做是为了告诉丹尼别人会公平对待他。故选C。
（9）考查连词。句意：我不在乎别人在学校怎么看我因为我在为丹尼做正确的事。A.although尽管；B.because因为；C.until直到；D.unless除非。根据空前I didn't care what people thought about me in school（我不在乎别人在学校怎么看我）以及空后I was doing the right thing for Danny.（我在为丹尼做正确的事。）可知，前后句是因果关系，表示"因为"。故选B。
（10）考查代词。句意：当汤米告诉队里其他男孩他的计划时，他们也想表示支持。A.what什么；B.when何时；C.where哪里；D.why为什么。分析句子可知，此处是一个宾语从句，表示"他正在计划的东西"。故选A。
（11）考查介词短语。句意：他们决定在这个特殊的日子里，他们穿得像丹尼一样，而不是穿足球衫。A.instead of而不是；B.thanks to多亏；C.because of因为；D.such as例如。根据...wearing football shirts，they would dress like Danny.（他们穿得像丹尼一样......穿足球衫）结合选项可知，是指他们不穿足球衫。故选A。
（12）考查动词短语。句意：当学校里的其他孩子听到这个消息时，他们也决定加入进来。A.give up放弃；B.hurry off匆匆离开；C.join in加入；D.get out离开。根据后句they all dressed in suits and ties and met in the school library（他们都穿西装打领带，在学校图书馆集合）可知，其他孩子加入他们。故选C。
（13）考查副词。句意：在计划好的那一天，他们都穿着西装，打着领带，在学校图书馆集合，兴奋地欢呼着，喊着"丹尼!丹尼!丹尼!"A.sadly难过地；B.nervously紧张地；C.angrily生气地；D.excitedly兴奋地。根据cheering and chanting "Danny!Danny!Danny!"（......欢呼着，喊着"丹尼!丹尼!丹尼!"）结合选项可知，是兴奋地欢呼。故选D。
（14）考查形容词。句意：我真的很开心，这让我度过了美好的一天。A.worried担心的；B.happy开心的；C.bored无聊的；D.interested感兴趣的。根据it made my day（这让我度过了美好的一天）可知，丹尼很开心。故选B。
（15）考查名词。句意：如果我们所做的事情能对一个孩子产生影响，那就是值得的。A.wish愿望；B.decision决定；C.mistake错误；D.difference差异。make a difference对......产生影响，是固定搭配。故选D。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
三、阅读理解。阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
10．（6分）
From：Jane[Jane1988@hotmail.com]
To：Peter [pdrivr7@gmail.om]
Date：21st March 12：27
From：Peter [pdriver77@gmail.com]
To：Jane[Jane1988@hotmail.com]
Date：21st March 14：54
From：Jane[Jane1988@hotmail.com]
To：Peter [pdriver77@gmail.com]
Date：23rd March 17：48
Hi，Peter
Can you help me？It's about Bob.He's become so lazy.He won't do anything except watching TV.He comes home every day from work and sits in front of the TV drinking beer and watching football.He's getting fat and he never does any exercise anymore.You're his best friend.Can't you think of something helpful？
Jane
Hi，Jane
Bob has always been a big Chelsea fan.You could buy him a Chelsea shirt and a football，so he can go out and play.
Peter
Hi，Peter
I bought him the shirt and he loved it.He said he might get another one!But he just wore it last night while he watched Chelsea play against Liverpool on TV.He used the football as a foot rest.I really have no idea how to help him.Could you please think of more ideas？
Jane
（1）In Jane's eyes，Bob is B .
A.busy
B.lazy
C.lonely
D.serious
（2）From the texts，we can know Chelsea might be C .
A.a football
B.a TV show
C.a football club
D.a shirt
（3）According to the texts，we can know B .
A.Bob loves to play football every day
B.the advice from Peter didn't work
C.Bob might get another shirt from Jane
D.Jane is really worried about her health
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要内容为Jane找Peter帮助Bob减肥的邮件往来。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据It's about Bob.He's become so lazy.（它是关于鲍勃的。他变得很懒。）可知，在Jane的眼里，Bob很懒。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据Bob has always been a big Chelsea fan.You could buy him a Chelsea shirt and a football，so he can go out and play.（Bob一直是Chelsea的忠实球迷。你可以给他买一件Chelsea的球衣和一个足球，这样他就可以出去踢球了。）可知，Chelsea是一个足球俱乐部。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据Bob has always been a big Chelsea fan.You could buy him a Chelsea shirt and a football，so he can go out and play.（Bob一直是Chelsea的忠实球迷。你可以给他买一件Chelsea的球衣和一个足球，这样他就可以出去踢球了。）和I bought him the shirt and he loved it.He said he might get another one!But he just wore it last night while he watched Chelsea play against Liverpool on TV.He used the football as a foot rest.I really have no idea how to help him.（我给他买了球衣，他很喜欢。他说他可能还要一件!但是他只是穿着它观看了昨晚在电视上Chelsea和Liverpool的比赛。他用足球作脚凳。我真的不知道该怎么帮他。）可知，Peter的建议没有奏效。故选B。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
11．（8分）Computers have become smarter in recent months.The Al﹣powered chatbot（聊天机器人） ChatGPT is able to answer questions，write articles and e﹣mails like a human.It has created excitement all over the world.
Like most robots，ChatGPT wasn't made by just one person.Instead，it was developed by a group of engineers at OpenAI.Among them，one man played an especially important role.That man is Jakub Pachocki.
Jakub Pachocki is a programmer.He has been interested in AI for many years.He wants to use this technology to make computers smarter.In 2017，the man joined OpenAI.There he taught a robot to play Dota2，an online game.Pachocki made the robot play against itself over and over until it reached the top level.
Pachocki began working on ChatGPT in 2018.His job was to pre﹣train the AI system（系统）.The man and his team made computers study hundreds of millions of words.These words came from books，magazine articles，Internet and so on. They covered many different subjects.By studying these words，the system learned the patterns（规律） of human language.This helped the chatbot develop the ability to "chat" about different subjects like a real person.
Although Patrocki is very talented，he has kept a low profile.He hardly ever talks to the media（媒体）.He is not active on social media，either.The programmer，instead，spends most of his time on his work，trying to make computers smarter.
Does ChatGPT's ability surprise you？Well，now you know there are smart minds like Patrocki behind it.Computers are not getting smarter on their own.
（1）What abilities of ChatGPT are mentioned（提及） in Paragraph1？ B
①answering questions
②writing articles
③making music
④writing e﹣mails
A.①②③
B.①②④
C.①③④
D.②③④
（2）From the passage，we know that Jakub Pachocki C .
A.often shares his stories on social media
B.likes playing computer games like Dota 2
C.developed ChatGPT with his team at OpenAl
D.started making ChatGPT as soon as he joined OpenAl
（3）What does "They" in Paragraph 4 refer to？ A
A.The words.
B.The computers.
C.The books.
D.The articles.
（4）The best title for the passage might be A .
A.The development of chatbot
B.A great mind behind ChatGPT
C.Dota2 ﹣ A popular online game
D.ChatGPT﹣ A surprising chatbot
【分析】短文主要写了最近几个月计算机变得更加智能化。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段Computers have become smarter in recent months.The Al﹣powered chatbot ChatGPT is able to answer questions，write articles and e﹣mails like a human.It has created excitement all over the world.（近几个月来，计算机变得更智能了。Al驱动的聊天机器人ChatGPT能够像人一样回答问题、写文章和电子邮件。它在全世界都引起了轰动。）可知，第1段提到了ChatGPT的能力有：①回答问题、②写文章、④写电子邮件，选项B符合题意，故选：B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第2段Like most robots，ChatGPT wasn't made by just one person.Instead，it was developed by a group of engineers at OpenAI.Among them，one man played an especially important role.That man is Jakub Pachocki.（和大多数机器人一样，ChatGPT并不是由一个人制造的。相反，它是由OpenAI的一群工程师开发的。其中有一个人扮演了特别重要的角色。这个人就是Jakub Pachocki。）可知，从这段文字中，我们知道Jakub Pachocki与他的团队在OpenAl开发了ChatGPT，故选：C。
（3）代词指代题。根据第4段中的These words came from books，magazine articles，Internet and so on. They covered many different subjects.（这些单词来自书籍、杂志文章、互联网等。它们涵盖了许多不同的主题。）可知，第4段中的"They"指的是"单词"，故选：A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第1段Computers have become smarter in recent months.The Al﹣powered chatbot ChatGPT is able to answer questions，write articles and e﹣mails like a human.It has created excitement all over the world.（近几个月来，计算机变得更智能了。Al驱动的聊天机器人ChatGPT能够像人一样回答问题、写文章和电子邮件。它在全世界都引起了轰动。）及提到全文可知，短文主要写了最近几个月计算机变得更加智能化。因此这篇文章最好的标题可能是聊天机器人的发展，故选：A。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．（8分）When I was a teenager，my parents were never interested in the music I liked.They said to me， "David，the music you listen to is a lot of noise." In fact，they are not alone.As I've grown older，I have often heard people of my age say， "Today's music is terrible，" Many older people just don't like new music.But why is that？
The mere exposure effect（曝光效应） may explain this.It means the more we know something，the more we like it.When we are in our early teens，we usually spend a lot of time listening to popular music and discussing it with our friends.So we know the new songs and artists during that time well.After we turn 30 years old.we are busy working and raising our families.We don't have much time to understand new music.Instead，we like to listen to our old favorites better，According to studies，by the time they turn 33 years old，most people don't explore new music anymore.
But I think there is another reason for old people's dislike of new music.Most popular music，after all，is not written for them.It is made for young people.Some kinds of music begin as a rebellion（反抗） by young people against old ways of doing things.These kinds include punk（朋克），rap，hip﹣hop，heavy metal（重金属） and more.They naturally interest younger listeners.
Do your parents hate the music you like，too？Now，after reading this article，you know there is nothing wrong with that.
（1）How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph1？ D
A.By listing numbers.
B.By making a survey.
C.By using a saying.
D.By sharing experiences.
（2）The underlined word "explore" in Paragraph 2 probably means A .
A search for
B.make up
C.record
D.compare
（3）Mary，a mother of a 15﹣year﹣old child，may like C .
A.punk
B.rap
C.country music
D.heavy metal
（4）What's the writer's purpose by writing this passage？ D
A.To introduce different kinds of music.
B.To encourage older people to try new music.
C.To show people's different opinions on new music.
D.To get the young to understand the old's dislike of new music.
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了作者年轻时父母对他喜欢的音乐不感兴趣，认为是噪音。随着年龄的增长，作者发现很多同龄人也不喜欢新音乐。这可能是因为人们对熟悉的事物越多，就越喜欢它。年轻时我们会花很多时间听流行音乐并与朋友讨论，所以对新歌和新艺术家很了解。但是随着年龄的增长，工作和家庭会让我们没有时间去了解新音乐，更喜欢听老歌。此外，大部分流行音乐并不是为老年人而写的，它们更多是年轻人的叛逆。所以父母不喜欢你喜欢的音乐并没有错。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段When I was a teenager，my parents were never interested in the music I liked.They said to me， "David，the music you listen to is a lot of noise." In fact，they are not alone.As I've grown older，I have often heard people of my age say， "Today's music is terrible，" Many older people just don't like new music.But why is that？（当我十几岁的时候，我的父母对我喜欢的音乐从不感兴趣。他们对我说："大卫，你听的音乐噪音太大了。"事实上，他们并不孤单。随着年龄的增长，我经常听到同龄人说："今天的音乐很糟糕。"许多老年人就是不喜欢新音乐。为什么会这样呢？）可推知作者通过分享自己的经历进入第一段的主题，故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段Instead，we like to listen to our old favorites better，According to studies，by the time they turn 33 years old，most people don't explore new music anymore.（相反，我们更喜欢听我们以前最喜欢的音乐。根据研究，到33岁时，大多数人不再......新的音乐。）可推知此处是指不再探索新的音乐，与"search for"同义，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第二段After we turn 30 years old.we are busy working and raising our families.We don't have much time to understand new music.Instead，we like to listen to our old favorites better，According to studies，by the time they turn 33 years old，most people don't explore new music anymore.（在我们30岁之后。我们忙于工作和养家糊口。我们没有太多的时间去理解新的音乐。相反，我们更喜欢听我们以前最喜欢的音乐。根据研究，到33岁时，大多数人不再探索新的音乐。）以及倒数第二段These kinds include punk（朋克），rap，hip﹣hop，heavy metal（重金属） and more.They naturally interest younger listeners.（这些类型包括朋克、说唱、嘻哈、重金属等等。它们自然会引起年轻听众的兴趣。）可推知玛丽，一个15岁孩子的母亲，可能会喜欢乡村音乐，故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据最后一段Do your parents hate the music you like，too？Now，after reading this article，you know there is nothing wrong with that.（你的父母也讨厌你喜欢的音乐吗？现在，看完这篇文章，你就知道这没什么错了。）结合上文，可知作者写这篇文章的目的是为了让年轻人理解老年人不喜欢新音乐，故选D。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
13．（8分）Mr.and Mrs.March lived with their daughters﹣ Amy，Beth，Meg and Jo.Next to them lived old Mr.Laurence and his grandson，Laurie.They lived in a large and comfortable house.Yet it seemed a lonely，lifeless house.
One day，Jo saw Laurie standing by his window and looking down at the garden.His face looked sad. "Poor boy!He's all alone.He needs some friends，" Jo thought.She wanted to go and see him，but how could she go to the house without an invitation？
Then one afternoon，when she saw Mr.Laurence drive off，she had an idea.She went to the garden.When Laurie saw Jo from the window，his eyes brightened and his mouth began to smile.
Jo laughed and shouted， "How are you？Are you ill？"
Laurie opened the window and said， "Better thanks.I've had a bad cold and had to stay inside for a week."
"I'm sorry，" said Jo， "Are you bored？"
"Yes，very，" he replied.
"Don't your friends come to visit you？"
"No!Will you come，please？" cried Laurie.
"I'd love to!"
Several minutes later，Jo rang the bell of Laurie's house. "Here I am!" she said brightly. "Mother sent her love and my sisters gave me this blancmange（牛奶冻） for you."
"That looks delicious，" Laurie said with a smile.
"You have three sisters﹣﹣Amy，Beth and Meg，" he continued.
"How do you know？" Jo was surprised.
"You call each other's names when you are in the garden.Sometimes I can see you all around the table with your mother.Her face looks so sweet.I can't help watching it.I haven't got a mother."
Jo felt sad when she heard this.She shared all the interesting things in her life with him—her plays，her plans and her passion（ 热情） for books.Laurie loved books，too.He showed her his library.
"How wonderful!" Jo sighed， "All those books!"
Laurie said， "A person needs more than books."
（Adapted from Little Women）
（1）Jo wanted to visit Laurie because B .
A.she planned to look after Laurie
B.she wanted to make friends with Laurie
C.she was interested in Laurie's large house
D.she hoped to borrow books from Laurie
（2）What is the right order of the following events according to the passage？ D
a.Jo brought Laurie food and love.
b.Jo talked with Laurie in the garden.
c.Jo saw Laurie standing by his window.
d.Jo shared interesting things with Laurie.
A.b﹣a﹣d﹣c
B.b﹣d﹣a﹣c
C.c﹣a﹣b﹣d
D.c﹣b﹣a﹣d
（3）Which words can best describe Jo？ C
A.Brave but careless.
B.Helpful but shy.
C.Kind and friendly.
D.Quiet and smart.
（4）What does Laurie mean by saying "A person needs more than books." at the end of the story？ （No more than 20 words）
A person needs not only books，but also needs friends，family and love.
【分析】本文主要讲了乔看到罗瑞很孤单之后，主动和他打招呼，劳里邀请她去家里做客的故事。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段One day，Jo saw Laurie standing by his window and looking down at the garden.His face looked sad. "Poor boy!He's all alone.He needs some friends，" Jo thought.（一天，乔看见罗瑞站在窗前俯视花园。他的脸看起来很悲伤。"可怜的孩子!他孤身一人。他需要一些朋友，"乔想。）推断乔拜访罗瑞是想和他交朋友。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段One day，Jo saw Laurie standing by his window and looking down at the garden.（一天，乔看见罗瑞站在窗前俯视花园。）根据第四段Jo laughed and shouted， "How are you？Are you ill？"（乔笑着喊道："你好吗？你病了吗？"）根据第十一段 "Mother sent her love and my sisters gave me this blancmange（牛奶冻） for you."（"妈妈给我送来了她的爱，我的姐妹们给了我这个奶瓶。"）根据倒数第三段She shared all the interesting things in her life with him—her plays，her plans and her passion（ 热情） for books.（她和他分享了她生活中所有有趣的事情——她的戏剧、她的计划以及她对书籍的热爱。）可知正确的顺序是：c﹣b﹣a﹣d。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Then one afternoon，when she saw Mr.Laurence drive off，she had an idea.She went to the garden.When Laurie saw Jo from the window，his eyes brightened and his mouth began to smile.（一天下午，当她看到劳伦斯先生开车离开时，她有了一个主意。她去了花园。当罗瑞从窗口看到琼时，他的眼睛亮了起来，嘴角绽开了笑容。）推断乔和善友好。故选C。
（4）语义猜测题。根据倒数第三段She shared all the interesting things in her life with him—her plays，her plans and her passion（ 热情） for books.（她和他分享了她生活中所有有趣的事情——她的戏剧、她的计划以及她对书籍的热爱。）可知生活中有很多乐趣，推断 "A person needs more than books."的意思是：一个人需要朋友、家人和爱。故答案为A person needs not only books，but also needs friends，family and love.
【点评】阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
四、任务型阅读。阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的A～F六个选项中选出五个填入空白处（其中一项是多余选项），完成符合文段的小标题。
14．（5分）A study from Harvard showed that 90% illnesses come from bad emotions（情绪）.They make you feel bad and even sick.Here are some useful steps to help manage your emotions.
（1） E
It is important to know what is acceptable and what is not acceptable for others.You should not hurt others，including hurting them with words.
（2） F
You need to understand that bad emotions are very normal，but your actions caused by these feelings will bring bad results.Taking a few deep breaths or slowly counting to 10 can give you time to realize your body's signs of change.
（3） D
Saying your wishes helps to open a problem solving conversation.Of course，your wish won't always be accepted in all situations，but you can think of a better way together with the person whom you are angry with.
（4） B
It is okay to turn to others for help when you don't feel that you can work out the problem all by yourself.For example，asking your parents or teachers for advice may help you find better ways.
（5） A
Sometimes you may still feel angry or upset even after trying each step above.If so，it is often better to walk away or to find another safe way to control those feelings.Several days later，you may feel better and calm down.
A.Walk away or try other ways to cool down.
B.Ask for help to solve the problem.
C.Solve the problem as early as possible.
D.Tell how you feel and what you wish for.
E.Remind yourselves never to hurt others.
F.Take breaths deeply or count numbers.
【分析】本文主要介绍了一些可以帮助你管理情绪的方法。
【解答】 （1）细节推理题。根据下文It is important to know what is acceptable and what is not acceptable for others.You should not hurt others，including hurting them with words.（重要的是要知道什么是别人可以接受的，什么是别人不能接受的。你不应该伤害别人，包括用言语伤害他们。）可知，提到不要伤害别人，应说"提醒自己永远不要伤害别人。"符合题意，故选：E。
（2）细节推理题。根据下文You need to understand that bad emotions are very normal，but your actions caused by these feelings will bring bad results.Taking a few deep breaths or slowly counting to 10 can give you time to realize your body's signs of change.（你需要明白，不良情绪是很正常的，但这些情绪导致的行为会带来不好的结果。深呼吸几次或慢慢数到10可以让你有时间意识到身体的变化迹象。）可知，提到深呼吸或数数字，应说"深呼吸或数数字。"符合题意，故选：F。
（3）细节推理题。根据下文 Of course，your wish won't always be accepted in all situations，but you can think of a better way together with the person whom you are angry with.（当然，你的愿望不会总是在所有情况下都被接受，但你可以想一个更好的方法与你生气的人相处。）可知，提到感受和愿望，应说"说出你的感受和你的愿望。"符合题意，故选：D。
（4）细节推理题。根据下文It is okay to turn to others for help when you don't feel that you can work out the problem all by yourself.For example，asking your parents or teachers for advice may help you find better ways.（当你觉得自己无法完全解决问题时，向他人寻求帮助是可以的。例如，向父母或老师寻求建议可能会帮助你找到更好的方法。）可知，提到寻求帮助来解决问题，应说"寻求帮助来解决问题。"符合题意，故选：B。
（5）细节推理题。根据下文Sometimes you may still feel angry or upset even after trying each step above.If so，it is often better to walk away or to find another safe way to control those feelings.Several days later，you may feel better and calm down.（有时，即使尝试了上面的每一步，你仍然可能感到愤怒或沮丧。如果是这样，最好走开，或者找到另一种安全的方法来控制这些感觉。几天后，你可能会感觉好些，平静下来。）可知，提到走开或另一种安全的方法平静下来，应说"走开或尝试其他方式来保持冷静。"符合题意，故选：A。
【点评】细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息即可。
卷二 五、词汇运用。用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词仅用一次，每空一词。
15．（5分）
we excite success simply opposite
（1）As students，we should do homework all by ourselves .
（2）The movie The Battle at Lake Changjin is a great success .
（3）In Sanya，you can enjoy all the water sports，or simply lie on the beach.
（4）There is a library opposite my house，and I like to spend time there on weekends.
（5）Tu Youyou's winning of the Nobel Prize always excites Chinese people.
【分析】（1）作为学生，我们应该自己做作业。
（2）电影《长津湖》大获成功。
（3）在三亚，你可以享受所有的水上运动，也可以只躺在海滩上。
（4）对面有一个图书馆，周末我喜欢在那里度过。
（5）屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖总是令中国人兴奋不已。
【解答】（1）考查反身代词。句意：作为学生，我们应该自己做作业。根据As students"作为学生"可知，此处是我们应该自己做作业，by oneself"靠某人自己"。we的反身代词是ourselves"我们自己"。故填ourselves。
（2）考查名词。句意：电影《长津湖》大获成功。根据"The movie The Battle at Lake Changjin"可知，此处是"电影《长津湖》大获成功"。a加名词单数，success"成功"，是名词。故填success。
（3）考查副词。句意：在三亚，你可以享受所有的水上运动，也可以只躺在海滩上。根据In Sanya，you can enjoy all the water sports"在三亚，你可以享受所有的水上运动"可知，此处是"也可以只躺在海滩上"。simply"只是"，是副词。故填simply。
（4）考查介词。句意：对面有一个图书馆，周末我喜欢在那里度过。根据"my house"可知，此处是对面有一个图书馆，opposite"在……对面"，是介词，故填opposite。
（5）考查动词时态。句意：屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖总是令中国人兴奋不已。根据"Tu Youyou's winning of the Nobel Prize always"可知，此处是"屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖总是令中国人兴奋不已"，excite"使兴奋"，是动词，一般现在时态，主语单数，谓语动词变第三人称单数。故填excites。
【点评】根据所给单词及句意，结合语法知识，写出答案。
B.阅读下面短文，请根据所给中文正确拼写单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
16．（10分）At 8，848.86 meters high，Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain on Earth.While it is famous for its（1） perfect （完美的） views，parts of the mountain are facing a problem：rubbish.Every year， （2） thousands （千） of visitors throw away lots of rubbish.
According to the UN，over 140，000（3） kilos （公斤） of rubbish has been left on the mountain.It has polluted a（4） wide （宽阔的） area.China has control the number of people who want to climb up the north side of the mountain.Every year，China（5） allows （允许） only 300 people to climb it.And they can only climb in（6） spring （春天）.
Local people cleaned the mountain （7） alone （独自） last year，removing rubbish at a height of5，200 meters.This year，the local government plans to spend 4 million yuan on a new clean﹣up activity to reuse rubbish，because rubbish is a resource（资源） that is put in the（8） wrong （错误的） place.Some artists will also（9） change （改变） the rubbish into art works.They will show these works of art to remind people not to leave rubbish when enjoying the（10） beauty （美丽） of nature.
【分析】这段短文主要写了珠穆朗玛峰面临的垃圾问题。每年有大量游客扔掉垃圾，联合国称已有14万吨垃圾被遗留在山上，污染了一个广阔的区域。中国已经控制了想要攀登北坡的人数，每年只允许300人攀登，并且只能在特定时间攀登。去年当地人清理了5200米高度的山上垃圾，今年政府计划花费400万元进行新的清理活动，将垃圾重新利用，因为垃圾是一种资源。一些艺术家还将垃圾制作成艺术品，展示这些作品以提醒人们在享受大自然美景时不要留下垃圾。
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：虽然它以其完美的景色而闻名，但部分地区正面临着一个问题：垃圾。根据提示"完美的"译为perfect，形容词作定语，故填：perfect。
（2）考查数词。句意：每年，成千上万的游客扔掉很多垃圾。根据提示"千"译为thousand，thousands of数千的，固定短语，故填：thousands。
（3）考查名词。句意：据联合国统计，山上有超过14万公斤的垃圾。根据提示"公斤"译为kilo，结合前面的数词，要用复数形式，故填：kilos。
（4）考查形容词。句意：它污染了大片地区。根据提示"宽阔的"译为wide，形容词作定语，故填：wide。
（5）考查动词。句意：每年，中国只允许300人攀登珠峰。根据提示"允许"译为allow，结合Every year可知时态是现在时，主语是单数名词，动词要用单数形式，故填：allows。
（6）考查名词。句意：它们只能在春天攀登。根据提示"春天"译为spring，故填：spring。
（7）考查副词。句意：去年，仅当地人就清理了这座山，清除了5200米高的垃圾。根据提示"独自"译为alone，副词修饰动词，故填：alone。
（8）考查形容词。句意：今年，当地政府计划花费400万元进行一项新的清理活动，以重新利用垃圾，因为垃圾是一种被放错地方的资源。根据提示"错误的"译为wrong，形容词作定语，故填：wrong。
（9）考查动词。句意：一些艺术家也会把垃圾变成艺术品。根据提示"改变"译为change，will后面加动词原形，故填：change。
（10）考查名词。句意：他们将展示这些艺术品来提醒人们在享受大自然的美丽时不要乱扔垃圾。根据提示"美丽"译为beauty，the后面要用名词，不可数，故填：beauty。
【点评】本篇单词填空给出了汉语，相对来说简单很多，主要注意词性时态单复数等的转化。
六、根据中文提示，完成课文填空，每空一词。
17．（5分）●Ben could not sleep at first.He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3：00 a.m.When he woke up，the sun（1） was （2） rising （当他醒来时，太阳正在升起）.He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. （3） Fallen trees， （4） broken windows and rubbish were everywhere （倒了的树，破了的窗，还有垃圾到处都是）.They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together.Although the storm broke many things apart，it brought families and neighbors（5） closer together （它使家人和邻居更加亲密）.
●Teacher：So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong？
Wang Ming：I think it's really interesting.Yu Gong found a good way to solve his problem.
Claudia：Really？I think it's（6） a （7） little （8） bit silly（我认为这有点傻）.It doesn't seem very possible to move a mountain.
Wang Ming：But the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard!Yu Gong（9） kept （10） trying and didn't give up（愚公坚持努力，没有放弃）.
【分析】老师问学生对于《愚公移山》这个故事的看法，王明觉得很有趣，愚公找到了解决问题的好办法。但是Claudia认为这个故事很愚蠢，移山似乎不太可能。
【解答】（1）考查动词的时态。句意：当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。分析句意可知时态为过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，主语sun为单数形式，可知此处应用was，故答案为was。
（2）考查动词的时态。句意：当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。分析句意可知时态为过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，空格前was，此处应用doing形式，可知此处应用rising，表示"升起"，故答案为rising。
（3）考查形容词。句意：到处都是倒下的树、破碎的窗户和垃圾。fallen为形容词，表示"倒了的"，此处修饰名词trees作定语，位于句首，首字母大写，故答案为Fallen。
（4）考查形容词。句意：到处都是倒下的树、破碎的窗户和垃圾。broken为形容词，表示"破的"，此处修饰名词windows作定语，应用形容词broken，故答案为broken。
（5）考查副词比较级。句意：虽然暴风雨使许多东西破裂，但它使家庭和邻居走得更近了。closer为比较级，表示"更加亲密"，此处应用closer，故答案为closer。
（6）考查固定短语。句意：我觉得这有点傻。a little bit为固定短语，表示"有点"，可知此处应用a，故答案为a。
（7）考查固定短语。句意：我觉得这有点傻。a little bit为固定短语，表示"有点"，可知此处应用little，故答案为little。
（8）考查固定短语。句意：我觉得这有点傻。a little bit为固定短语，表示"有点"，可知此处应用bit，故答案为bit。
（9）考查动词。句意：愚公一直在努力，没有放弃。keep为动词，表示"坚持"，分析句子可知时态为一般过去时，此处应用过去式，keep的过去式为kept，故答案为kept。
（10）考查动名词。句意：愚公一直在努力，没有放弃。try为动词，表示"努力"。keep doing sth为固定搭配，表示"坚持做某事"，可知此处应用trying，故答案为trying。
【点评】本篇单词填空给出了汉语，相对来说简单很多，主要注意词性时态单复数等的转化。
七、语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
18．（10分）Funmi Ilori is a primary school teacher in Nigeria （尼日利亚）.In 2003，she started（1） a program called "Books in a Basket".She went door to door to ask people if they wanted to borrow a book.She found some children never read a book before，so she decided to do something（2） to help （help） them develop a love for reading.
Years after she started the program，Funmi Ilori came up（3） with the idea of building a mobile library.She bought a mini bus（4） and filled it with books.She drove to one of（5） the poorest （poor） areas in Nigeria and lent kids books for free.Children could （6） keep （keep） the book until they finished reading.
Seven years（7） have passed （pass） since Funmi Ilori started the mobile library.She now has four mini﹣ buses filled with 1，900 books.Students can choose a book（8） freely （free） to read at home and bring it back later.
More and more children have realized the（9） importance （important） of reading. "The job is so meaningful（10） that I will continue to provide more books for more children，" said Funmi Ilori.
【分析】这篇短文主要写了尼日利亚的小学教师Funmi Ilori创办了一个叫做"书篮计划"的项目。她挨家挨户询问人们是否想借书。她发现一些孩子以前从未读过书，所以她决定做些事情来帮助他们培养对阅读的热爱。多年后，Funmi Ilori提出了建立一个移动图书馆的想法。她买了一辆小巴士并装满了书籍。她开车去尼日利亚的一个贫困地区，免费借给孩子们书籍。孩子们可以将书保留直到阅读完毕。Funmi Ilori创办移动图书馆已经过去了七年。现在她有四辆装满1900本书的小巴士。学生们可以选择一本免费的书带回家阅读，并在之后归还。越来越多的孩子意识到阅读的重要性。Funmi Ilori说："这份工作非常有意义，我将继续为更多的孩子提供更多的书籍。"
【解答】（1）考查冠词。句意：2003年，她开办了一个名为"篮子里的书"的项目。辅音音素前用不定冠词a表示一个。故答案为a。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：她发现一些孩子以前从来没有读过一本书，所以她决定做一些事情来帮助他们培养对阅读的热爱。用动词不定式表示目的。故答案为to help。
（3）考查介词。句意：在开始这个项目多年之后，Funmi Ilori提出了建立一个移动图书馆的想法。come up with提出，动词短语。故答案为with。
（4）考查连词。句意：她买了一辆小型公共汽车，里面装满了书。and"和"符合题意，表示并列。故答案为and。
（5）考查形容词最高级。句意：她开车到尼日利亚最贫穷的地区之一，免费借给孩子们书。one of后跟形容词最高级。故答案为the poorest。
（6）考查动词。句意：孩子们可以保留这本书直到他们读完。could为情态动词，后跟动词原形。故答案为keep。
（7）考查动词。句意：自从Funmi Ilori创办移动图书馆以来，已经过去了七年。根据since Funmi Ilori started the mobile library.可知用现在完成时，复数名词后谓语动词为have done的形式。故答案为have passed。
（8）考查副词。句意：学生可以自由选择一本书在家阅读，之后再带回来。用副词修饰实义动词。故答案为freely。
（9）考查名词。句意：越来越多的孩子已经意识到阅读的重要性。the为定冠词，后跟名词。故答案为importance。
（10）考查连词。句意：Funmi Ilori说："这份工作意义重大，我将继续为更多的孩子提供更多的书。"so...that如此……以至于，固定搭配。故答案为that。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，紧密结合上下文判断句意，根据句意及相关知识点写出词语的正确形式，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
八、书面表达。
19．（15分）假如你是李华，你看到某英文网站上正在招募杭州亚运会志愿者，并希望能成为其中一员。请用英语给组委会写一封自荐信。
Volunteers Wanted
The 19th Asian Games will be held in Hangzhou，from September 23rd to October 8th，2023.We are in great need of volunteers.
Are you friendly and ready to help others？Are you good at speaking English and communicating with others？And it will be better if you have experiences as volunteers.Anyway，why do you want to be a volunteer？
If you would like to join us，send your information to Mr.Brown at AGOC@126.com by July 10th!Looking forward to your becoming part of our members.
注意：
（1）请回更邮件中所提及的所有问题，可适当发挥；
（2）邮件中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息；
（3）词数：80～100。文章开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr.Brown，
I'm Li Hua.I'm writing to ask for the position of a volunteer for the 19th Asian Games.
_________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
【分析】【高分句型一】
I am good at speaking English and communicating with others.我擅长英语口语和与人交流。
be good at doing sth擅长做某事。
【高分句型二】
I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to be a volunteer.如果您能给我一个做志愿者的机会，我将不胜感激。
if引导条件状语从句。
【解答】Dear Mr.Brown，
I'm Li Hua.I'm writing to ask for the position of a volunteer for the 19th Asian Games.（写信目的）
I am always friendly and ready to help others.（友好并乐于助人）I am good at speaking English and communicating with others.【高分句型一】（擅长说英语和与人交流）I have experiences as volunteers.Last year，I went to receive foreign tourists as a volunteer.（有志愿者经验）Besides，I have other advantages.I am fond of sports.I was born in Hangzhou，so I am familiar with Hangzhou.（其他优势）I am willing to provide the best service for every athlete in the 19th Asian Games.I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to be a volunteer.【高分句型二】（希望）
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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