山东省青岛市2022-2023学年高三英语上学期1月期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山东省青岛市2022-2023学年高三英语上学期1月期末试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了考试结束后，将答题卡交回等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022 - 2023学年度第一学期期末考试
高三英语
(时间:100 分钟，满分:120 分)
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (15个小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Some are attracted to museums by the art and the culture — but if that isn’t enough, there is always the strange!
Cancún Underwater Museum
No need to hold your breath to see this one. The Cancún Underwater Museum is, as the name suggests, underwater. More than 500 sculptures anchored in the ocean off Mexico are meant to illustrate the interplay of art and nature. Visitors can either admire the works through a glass-bottom boat or take a scuba diving tour.
Omaka Aviation Heritage Centre
With great attention to detail, New Zealand built the Omaka Aviation Heritage Centre, which exhibits original aircraft from the First and Second World Wars. Some belong to film director Sir Peter Jackson, who helped create the set designs with his team. Anyone interested in the pioneers of aviation should pay a visit to the museum in Blenheim.
Tenement Museum
At New York’s Tenement Museum, visitors can gain an insight into what life was like for immigrants and the working class in the city from the 1860s through to the 1980s. The museum opened in 1992 and offers guided tours of two tenement buildings with recreated rooms, where costumed ‘residents’ enact the daily lives of the city’s newcomers and workers over the period — leaps and bounds from the money makers of Wall Street.
Cupnoodles Museum
The Cupnoodles Museum in Yokohama, Japan, offers a treat: exhibits can be not only admired, but eaten. Visitors can work in the museum’s noodle workshop, refining creations with their favourite ingredients. While doing so, one can also learn the history of the ramen noodle, one of Japan’s most popular foods.
1. What is special about the Cancún Underwater Museum?
A. The strange name. B. The number of sculptures.
C. Works about art and nature. D. Ways of visiting it.
2. Which museum will attract visitors interested in hands-on activities?
A. Cancún Underwater Museum. B. Omaka Aviation Heritage Centre.
C. Tenement Museum. D. Cupnoodles Museum.
3. What do the four museums have in common?
A. They are about art and history. B. They display aircraft from world wars.
C. They have unusual features. D. They record immigrants’ daily lives.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个博物馆的独特之处。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据对Cancún Underwater Museum介绍中的“Visitors can either admire the works through a glass-bottom boat or take a scuba diving tour.(游客既可以乘坐玻璃底船欣赏这些作品，也可以进行水肺潜水之旅)”可知，游客乘坐可以乘坐玻璃底船欣赏，这是与其他的景点的独特之处。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The Cupnoodles Museum in Yokohama, Japan, offers a treat: exhibits can be not only admired, but eaten. Visitors can work in the museum’s noodle workshop, refining creations with their favourite ingredients.(日本横滨的杯面博物馆提供了一种享受：展品不仅可以欣赏，还可以吃。游客可以在博物馆的面馆工作，用他们最喜欢的食材提炼面条)”可知，Cupnoodles Museum可以自己制作面条，有自己动手的活动。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Some are attracted to museums by the art and the culture — but if that isn’t enough, there is always the strange!(有些人被博物馆的艺术和文化所吸引——但如果这还不够，还有奇怪的事情)”以及四个博物馆的介绍可推知，这四个博物馆都有些独特的特征。故选C。
B
Elon Musk is a businessman, inventor and engineer and is undoubtedly, one of the leading figures in the world of technology. Musk was born in Pretoria, South Africa in 1971. At the age of 12, he taught himself how to programme computers. He was accepted to university in the United States where he completed a degree in Arts. After this, he started a PhD in physics at Stanford University. However, he dropped out to pursue his interest in startups and technology.
He founded an online payment site that eventually would become a global company. In 2001 Musk began meeting with scientists to discuss the possibility of human habitation on Mars. Using his own fortune, Musk founded his company that designs rockets and space vehicles. It was the first privately owned company to do so. In 2012, the rockets made by the company docked with the International Space Station. Musk also received contracts from NASA, thus making history by proving that the concept of commercial space exploration was both possible and affordable.
Another one of Musk’s innovations is the electric car. Musk started a company and became the CEO in 2008. The company is named after Nicolai Tesla, the Serbian-American inventor and physicist, who is best known for designing the AC electrical system. The cars made by Musk’s company are designed to end the dependence on fossil fuels and so reduce the negative effects of climate change and air pollution from cars.
Why does Musk devote himself to such innovations? By creating opportunities to explore new planets, Musk believes that in the event of a major catastrophe on Earth, there would be the potential for the human race to continue elsewhere. On Earth, Musk’s inventions are designed to find renewable, environment-friendly solutions to meet the challenge of an ever-growing global population.
4. What can we learn about Musk?
A. He learnt computer programmes from his teacher at 12.
B. He graduated from Stanford University with a degree in physics.
C. He received government support to found the space company.
D. He named his company after a well-known scientist.
5. According to the author, what event was historic in Musk’s career?
A. Getting achievements in arts.
B. Founding an online payment site.
C. Receiving contracts from NASA.
D. Becoming CEO of two companies.
6. What is Musk’s motivation for his innovations?
A. To expand human reach and protect the earth.
B. To stimulate people’s curiosity about space.
C. To realize his dream of becoming a leading figure.
D To make more profit and set up more companies.
7. Which of the following best describes Musk?
A. Gifted and humorous. B. Curious and honest.
C. Generous and considerate. D. Creative and responsible.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是商人、发明家以及工程师Elon Musk成功背后的故事，尽管早年从斯坦福辍学，但是他勇于追求自己喜爱的事物，成为了两大公司的总裁，并以自己的两大设计：火箭和电动汽车成为21世纪的先驱。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The company is named after Nicolai Tesla, the Serbian-American inventor and physicist, who is best known for designing the AC electrical system.(该公司以塞尔维亚裔美国发明家和物理学家Nicolai Tesla的名字命名，他以设计交流电气系统而闻名。)”可知，Musk以一位著名科学家的名字命名他的公司。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Musk also received contracts from NASA, thus making history by proving that the concept of commercial space exploration was both possible and affordable.(Musk还获得了美国宇航局的合同，从而创造了历史，证明了商业太空探索的概念是可能的，也是负担得起的。)”可知，在Musk的职业生涯中接受NASA的合同是历史性的，故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“By creating opportunities to explore new planets, Musk believes that in the event of a major catastrophe on Earth, there would be the potential for the human race to continue elsewhere. On Earth, Musk’s inventions are designed to find renewable, environment-friendly solutions to meet the challenge of an ever-growing global population.(通过创造探索新行星的机会，Musk认为，如果地球上发生重大灾难，人类将有可能在其他地方继续生存。在地球上，Musk的发明旨在寻找可再生、环保的解决方案，以应对全球人口不断增长的挑战。)”可知，Musk创新的动机是扩大人类所能及的范围，保护地球。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“He founded an online payment site that eventually would become a global company.(他创立了一个在线支付网站，最终成为一家全球性公司。)”和第三段的“Another one of Musk’s innovations is the electric car.(Musk的另一项创新是电动汽车。)”可知，Musk是有创造力的；根据最后一段的“On Earth, Musk’s inventions are designed to find renewable, environment-friendly solutions to meet the challenge of an ever-growing global population.(在地球上，马斯克的发明旨在寻找可再生、环保的解决方案，以应对全球人口不断增长的挑战。)”可知，他保护地球，是负责任的，因此用creative(有创造力的)和responsible(负责的)来描述Musk。故选D。
C
Though they may not know it, about half a billion people depend on the ecosystems created and sustained by corals. And with climate change threatening coral’s survival, marine scientist Enric Sala had a goal that might have seemed impossible.
“We wanted to get into a time machine, go back hundreds of years and actually see a coral reef like they used to be everywhere, before we started exploiting, polluting and killing them,” Sala said.
The goal was made possible during an expedition Sala led in 2009. The team traveled to a corner of the South Pacific Ocean, to see if the almost untouched reefs held any clues to bringing damaged reefs in other parts of the ocean back to health.
“The bottom was covered by thriving coral. Vivid colors surrounded me－purples, reds, oranges, yellows and greens. It was so beautiful,” Sala said.
His team presented their findings to officials in the island country of Kiribati. The government took steps to protect the waters from fishing. But between 2015 and 2016, record levels of ocean warming damaged half the coral reefs the team had been studying.
After hearing that news, they lost hope for the health of coral reefs. Last year, they went in for another dive. Despite the reported conditions, the reef had somehow restored itself, filled with life and color once more. Sala and his team were overjoyed. This is something that Sala says can be owed to two key factors.
The first is, thankfully, half of the corals had not died. Despite the rise in temperatures, there were enough surviving corals left behind to help reproduce the reefs. The second was the Kiribati government’s decision to fully protect those waters.
“It has an abundance of fish. So they were eating all the algae (藻类) that would cover the dead corals, and make it impossible for the corals to come back, which is what happens in other places like the Caribbean,” Sala explained.
8. What seemingly impossible goal does Sala have?
A. Educating the public to protect the ecosystems.
B. Calling on people to actively respond to climate change.
C. Going to old days when corals were in healthy condition.
D. Leading an expedition to the South Pacific Ocean.
9. What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 6 refer to?
A. The bad news. B. The second diving.
C. The reef’s restoration. D. The cheerful mood.
10. What can we infer about Caribbean from Sala’s words?
A. There is abundant fish in its ocean.
B. Algae lie thick over corals there.
C. Global warming does little harm to its marine life.
D. Corals come back to life thanks to government’s efforts.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Kiribati—A Country of Biodiversity B. A Scientist’s Love for Diving
C. The Coral Reef Restored Itself D. Ocean Warming Bothered Government
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了随着气候变化威胁到珊瑚的生存，海洋科学家Sala有了一个看似不可能的目标，他想和自己的团队回到过去看到原本的珊瑚礁的样子。去年潜水时，他们很开心地看到了珊瑚礁自己已恢复。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““We wanted to get into a time machine, go back hundreds of years and actually see a coral reef like they used to be everywhere, before we started exploiting, polluting and killing them,” Sala said. (Sala说:“我们想进入时光机，在我们开始开采、污染和杀死珊瑚礁之前，我们真的看到了一个珊瑚礁，就像它们曾经无处不在一样。”)”可知，Sala似乎不可能实现的目标是回到过去，去看看曾经未破坏的珊瑚礁，所以C选项符合题意。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第六段“Despite the reported conditions, the reef had somehow restored itself, filled with life and color once more. Sala and his team were overjoyed. (尽管有报道的情况，珊瑚礁不知怎么地自己恢复了，再次充满了生命和色彩。Sala和他的团队欣喜若狂)”可知，代词This指代前文所描述的珊瑚礁恢复的好消息。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““It has an abundance of fish. So they were eating all the algae (藻类) that would cover the dead corals, and make it impossible for the corals to come back, which is what happens in other places like the Caribbean,” Sala explained. (Sala解释道：“那里有丰富的鱼。所以它们吃了所有的藻类，这些藻类会覆盖死珊瑚，使珊瑚不可能回来，这就是加勒比海等其他地方发生的事情。”)可推知，加勒比海域里也有丰富的鱼，它们吃掉了覆盖在珊瑚上的藻类，从而使得珊瑚恢复。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了随着气候变化威胁到珊瑚生存，海洋科学家Sala有了一个看似不可能的目标，他想和自己的团队回到过去看到原本的珊瑚礁的样子。去年潜水时，他们很开心地看到了珊瑚礁自己已恢复。所以C选项“The Coral Reef Restored Itself（珊瑚礁自己恢复）”符合本篇文章的标题。故答案为C。
D
“Practice makes perfect” is a very popular expression. However, can we take this saying literally? Many scientific studies have sought to either prove or disprove this idea.
One popular theory is that if a person practises for at least 10,000 hours, they will reach “perfection”, or become an expert in their field. This theory was made famous by Malcolm Gladwell in his 2008 best selling book, Outliers: The Story of Success. He mentioned the music group The Beatles and Microsoft co-creator Bill Gates. Although they all seemed to have lots of natural talent, they also clearly put in over 10,000 hours of practice before they became successful.
Gladwell’s work was largely based on research done by Anders Ericsson, who argued that Gladwell misinterpreted his research. Firstly, Ericsson stated that 10,000 hours was an average figure. Some people needed far fewer than 10,000 hours, and others many more. More importantly, Ericsson said that just practising a lot was not enough; the type and quality of practice was also essential. He went on to explain the importance of “deliberate practice”, which is when a person practises a specific part of a skill in depth rather than practising a skill as a whole.
A more recent study from Princeton University stated that practice only accounted for up to 26% of reaching an expert level. Many people say that natural talent has a large influence on becoming an expert. Another natural factor is physical superiority, which is especially evident in sports. IQ, personality, attitude, and starting age are decisive, too. But becoming an expert doesn’t equal instant success, which also relies on social and environmental factors.
In conclusion, practice may not make perfect, but deliberate practice has been shown to lead to significant improvement. Based on Ericsson’s research, here are some tips on how to practise effectively: be motivated; make specific and realistic goals; work outside your comfort zone; be consistent and persistent; and get plenty of rest! For those wanting to become an expert in something, remember that being motivated is key－enjoy what you do and follow your passions.
12. How did Gladwell support his idea?
A. By listing numbers. B. By using examples.
C. By interviewing famous people. D. By mentioning other researchers.
13. Which of the following may Ericsson disagree with?
A. Practice alone is far from enough.
B. 10,000 hours of practice leads to success.
C. Practice hours vary from person to person.
D. Deliberate practice is much more effective.
14. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A. The role of practice. B. Factors in creating experts.
C. The importance of natural talent. D. Warnings for experts.
15. What is the author’s attitude to the idea “Practice makes perfect”?
A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Objective.
【答案】12 B 13. B 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论证了练习可能无法至完美，但刻意练习已经被证明能带来明显的提高。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“He mentioned the music group The Beatles and Microsoft co-creator Bill Gates. Although they all seemed to have lots of natural talent, they also clearly put in over 10,000 hours of practice before they became successful.”（他提到了披头士乐队和微软联合创始人比尔·盖茨。虽然他们似乎都很有天赋，但在成功之前，他们显然也投入了超过1万个小时的练习。）故可推知，格拉德威尔是通过乐队和微软联合创始人为例子来支持他的1万小时理论。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Firstly, Ericsson stated that 10,000 hours was an average figure. Some people needed far fewer than 10,000 hours, and others many more. More importantly, Ericsson said that just practising a lot was not enough; the type and quality of practice was also essential. He went on to explain the importance of “deliberate practice”, which is when a person practises a specific part of a skill in depth rather than practising a skill as a whole.”（首先，爱立信表示，1万小时是一个平均数字。有些人需要的时间远远少于1万个小时，有些人则更多。更重要的是，爱立信说，只是大量练习是不够的；实践的类型和质量也很重要。他接着解释了“刻意练习”的重要性，刻意练习是指一个人深入练习一项技能的特定部分，而不是把一项技能作为一个整体来练习。）可知，爱立信可能不同意一万个小时的练习通向成功这个观点。故选B项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“A more recent study from Princeton University stated that practice only accounted for up to 26% of reaching an expert level. Many people say that natural talent has a large influence on becoming an expert. Another natural factor is physical superiority, which is especially evident in sports. IQ, personality, attitude, and starting age are decisive, too. But becoming an expert doesn’t equal instant success, which also relies on social and environmental factors.”（普林斯顿大学最近的一项研究表明，实践只占到人才水平的26%。很多人说，天赋对成为人才有很大的影响。另一个自然因素是身体优势，这在体育运动中尤其明显。智商、性格、态度和起步年龄也是决定性因素。但成为人才并不等于一蹴而就，成功还取决于社会和环境因素。）可知，这段主要讲的是成为人才的一些因素。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In conclusion, practice may not make perfect, but deliberate practice has been shown to lead to significant improvement. Based on Ericsson’s research, here are some tips on how to practise effectively: be motivated; make specific and realistic goals; work outside your comfort zone; be consistent and persistent; and get plenty of rest! For those wanting to become an expert in something, remember that being motivated is key－enjoy what you do and follow your passions.”（总而言之，熟不能生巧，但刻意的练习已被证明能带来显著的进步。根据爱立信的研究，以下是一些有效练习的建议：积极主动；制定具体而现实的目标；在舒适区之外工作；始终如一，坚持不懈；好好休息！对于那些想成为某方面专家的人来说，要记住，动力是关键——享受你所做的事情，追随你的激情。）故可推知，作者对“熟能生巧”这一观点持客观的态度。故选D项。
第二节(共5 小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you have never grown your own transplants for your garden, perhaps this is the year to try. ____16____ In gardening, transplant is the process of planting seeds inside and then moving the new growth outside.
If you are new to this type of gardening, do not worry. A garden expert Lee Reich recently shared this advice. ____17____ Flowers such as zinnia, calendula, and cosmos are some of the easiest. Good choices for vegetables are lettuce, kale, cabbage, and the ever-popular tomato.
To get started, you need a container and soil. The container should be between 5 to 10 centimeters deep. What’s most important is that the container should have holes in the bottom so that some water can drain out (排出). Garden soil, says Riech, will not work. It does not drain quickly enough in a container. ____18____ Potting soil has additional material such as perlite, vermiculite, or sand to improve drainage.
Fill the containers with the potting soil and push it down. Then plant seeds. Cover the seed with the potting soil and press gently again. Place the containers in a pan which holds water that reaches halfway up the containers with the seeds. After a few hours, remove them from the water.
Most seeds do not need light to germinate (发芽). ____19____
Now for the exciting part－waiting to see little, green sprouts (芽)! Remove all but the strongest sprout from each container. Your goal now is to grow strong transplants that can survive a move to the outside garden. In four to six weeks, most transplants should be two to three times the height of their containers. ____20____ Now they are ready to go into the garden!
A. First, what is a “transplant”?
B. Have you ever grown your own transplants?
C. So, you can place them anywhere in your home.
D. Experts suggest using a special mix called potting soil.
E. He suggests starting with flowers or vegetables that are easy to grow from seed.
F. However, Reich warns that some vegetables should not be grown as transplants.
G. Get them used to their future environment with a week of being outside in the containers.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何在花园里移植植物。
【16题详解】
空后说“In gardening, transplant is the process of planting seeds inside and then moving the new growth outside.(在园艺中，移植是在室内播种，然后将新生长的植物移到室外的过程。)”，因此空格处应该要问“什么是移植”，A选项“First, what is a “transplant”?(首先，什么是“移植”？)”提出了什么是移植这个问题，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
空前说“A garden expert Lee Reich recently shared this advice.(园艺专家Lee Reich最近分享了这个建议)”，空格处应该详细说明他的建议是什么，E选项“He suggests starting with flowers or vegetables that are easy to grow from seed.(他建议从容易从种子长成的花或蔬菜开始)”是他的建议，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
空前说“Garden soil, says Riech, will not work. It does not drain quickly enough in a container.(Riech说，花园的土壤不起作用。它在容器里的滤干速度不够快)”，空后说“Potting soil has additional material such as perlite, vermiculite, or sand to improve drainage.(盆栽土壤有额外的材料，如珍珠岩，蛭石，或沙子，以改善排水)”，因此空格处应该说要用盆栽土壤，D选项“Experts suggest using a special mix called potting soil.(专家建议使用一种叫做盆栽土的特殊混合物)”说明了要用盆栽土，其中的“potting soil”和下文的“Potting soil”一致，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
空前说“Most seeds do not need light to germinate (发芽).(大多数种子不需要光照就能发芽)”，说明这些种子不挑地方，C选项“So, you can place them anywhere in your home.(所以，你可以把它们放在家里的任何地方)”说明了可以把这些种子放在任何地方，其中的them指代空前的seeds，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
空前说“In four to six weeks, most transplants should be two to three times the height of their containers.(在四到六周内，大多数移植物应该是容器高度的两到三倍)”，空后说“Now they are ready to go into the garden!(现在它们准备好进入花园了！)”，空格处应该要说把它们移入花园前的最后一步，G选项“Get them used to their future environment with a week of being outside in the containers.(让它们在容器里待上一周，适应未来的环境)”是移入花园的最后一步，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30分)
第一节(共15 小题;每小题 1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A tree-planting initiative led by young people in Kenya has seen over 30,000 tree seedlings (小苗) being planted. The Green Generation Initiative is a charity that has been planting trees and ____21____ deforestation (毁林) and climate change since 2016.
Founded by climate activist Elizabeth when she was twenty-one years old, the initiative’s primary ____22____ is on training young climate activists through ____23____ education in schools and addressing ____24____ insecurity in the region through planting fruit trees. Since its foundation, thousands of schoolchildren have not just planted trees but learned the ____25____ of acting as a guardian over the ____26____ of the environment.
The trees have recorded a ____27____ rate of over 98 percent, ____28____ they are taken good care of from seedling to maturity. Speaking to world leaders at the recent United Nations Climate Conference in Glasgow, Elizabeth issued a ____29____ on the threat of climate change: “Over two million of Kenyans are ____30____ climate related starvation. In 2025, half of the world’s population will be facing water ____31____.”
She added, “____32____ by the great environmentalist Wangari Maathai, I founded a tree growing initiative that ____33____ food security for young Kenyans. So far, we have grown 30,000 fruit trees to maturity, providing desperately needed ____34____ for thousands of children. It is our ____35____ to ensure that the children have food and water.”
21. A. resisting B. protecting C. increasing D. keeping
22. A. need B. result C. effect D. focus
23. A. advanced B. environmental C. moral D. strict
24. A. personal B. food C. property D. public
25. A. importance B. method C. difficulty D. culture
26. A. problems B. beauty C. health D. issue
27. A. decline B. planting C. survival D. success
28. A. when B. but C. or D. as
29. A. warning B. letter C. suggestion D. hope
30. A. afraid of B. fighting for C. suffering from D. leading to
31 A. shortage B. waste C. pollution D. damage
32. A. Forced B. Noticed C. Inspired D. Discouraged
33. A. encourages B. enhances C. monitors D. controls
34. A. profit B. shelter C. nutrition D. solution
35. A. worry B. responsibility C. right D. luck
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是Green Generation Initiative的创立的背景和重大意义。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Green Generation Initiative是一个慈善机构，自2016年以来一直在植树，抵制森林砍伐和气候变化。A. resisting抵制；B. protecting保护；C. increasing增加；D. keeping保持。根据食物“planting trees”和下文“deforestation”可知，这个机构种树是抵制森林砍伐。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：气候活动家伊丽莎白在21岁时创立了该计划，主要重点是通过在学校进行环境教育来培训年轻的气候活动家，并通过种植果树来解决该地区的粮食不安全问题。A. need需要；B. result结果；C. effect效果；D. focus重点。根据下文“on training young climate activists through ____3____ education in schools and addressing ____4____ insecurity in the region through planting fruit trees”可知，这个计划的主要重点是通过在学校进行环境教育来培训年轻的气候活动家，并通过种植果树来解决该地区的粮食不安全问题。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：气候活动家伊丽莎白在21岁时创立了该计划，主要重点是通过在学校进行环境教育来培训年轻的气候活动家，并通过种植果树来解决该地区的粮食不安全问题。A. advanced先进的；B. environmental环境的；C. moral有关道德的；D. strict严格的。根据下文“Since its foundation, thousands of schoolchildren have not just planted trees but learned the ____5____ of acting as a guardian”可知，该计划在学校对孩子进行环境教育，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：气候活动家伊丽莎白在21岁时创立了该计划，主要重点是通过在学校进行环境教育来培训年轻的气候活动家，并通过种植果树来解决该地区的粮食不安全问题。A. personal个人的；B. food食物；C. property财产；D. public公开的。根据下文“I founded a tree growing initiative that ____13____ food security for young Kenyans”可知，此处表示“通过种植果树来解决该地区的粮食不安全问题”。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自成立以来，成千上万的学生不仅种树，而且了解到作为环境健康的守护者的重要性。A. importance重要性；B. method方法；C. difficulty困难；D. culture文化。根据下文“acting as a guardian over the ____6____ of the environment”可知，成千上万的学生不仅种树，而且了解到作为环境健康的守护者的重要性。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自成立以来，成千上万的学生不仅种树，而且了解到作为环境健康的守护者的重要性。A. problems问题；B. beauty美丽；C. health健康；D. issue问题。根据上文“planting trees and ____1____ deforestation (毁林) and climate change”可知，成千上万的学生不仅种树，而且了解到作为环境健康的守护者的重要性。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些树的存活率超过98%，因为它们从幼苗到成熟都得到了很好的照顾。A. decline下降；B. planting种植；C. survival存活；D. success成功。根据下文“they are taken good care of from seedling to maturity”可知，树的存活率超过98%。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：这些树的存活率超过98%，因为它们从幼苗到成熟都得到了很好的照顾。A. when当……的时候；B. but但是；C. or或者；D. as因为。根据下文“they are taken good care of from seedling to maturity”可知，这些树的存活率超过98%，因为它们从幼苗到成熟都得到了很好的照顾。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近在Glasgow举行的联合国气候大会上，伊丽莎白对世界各国领导人发出了气候变化威胁的警告。A. warning警告；B. letter信；C. suggestion建议；D. hope希望。根据下文“the threat of climate change”可知，伊丽莎白对世界各国领导人发出了气候变化威胁的警告。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：超过200万肯尼亚人正遭受与气候有关的饥饿。A. afraid of害怕；B. fighting for为……而战；C. suffering from遭受；D. leading to导致。根据下文“climate related starvation”可知，超过200万肯尼亚人正遭受与气候有关的饥饿。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到2025年，世界上一半的人口将面临水资源短缺。A. shortage短缺；B. waste浪费；C. pollution污染；D. damage破坏。根据上文“the threat of climate change”可知，到2025年，世界上一半的人口将面临水资源短缺。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：受伟大的环保主义者Wangari Maathai的启发，我发起了一个植树计划，以加强肯尼亚年轻人的粮食安全。A. Forced强迫；B. Noticed注意到；C. Inspired启发；D. Discouraged使泄气。根据下文“by the great environmentalist Wangari Maathai, I founded a tree growing initiative”可知，此处表示“受伟大的环保主义者Wangari Maathai的启发，我发起了一个植树计划”。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：受伟大的环保主义者Wangari Maathai的启发，我发起了一个植树计划，以加强肯尼亚年轻人的粮食安全。A. encourages鼓励；B. enhances增强；C. monitors监视；D. controls控制。根据上文“addressing ____4____ insecurity in the region through planting fruit trees”可知，句子表示“我发起了一个植树计划，以加强肯尼亚年轻人的粮食安全”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，我们已经种植了3万棵果树，为成千上万的孩子提供了急需的营养。A. profit利润；B. shelter庇护处；C. nutrition营养；D. solution解决办法。根据下文“ensure that the children have food and water”可知，句子表示“我们已经种植了3万棵果树，为成千上万的孩子提供了急需的营养”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们有责任确保孩子们有食物和水。A. worry担心；B. responsibility责任；C. right权利；D. luck运气。根据下文“ensure that the children have food and water”可知，确保孩子们有食物和水是我们的责任。故选B。
第二节(共10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 2022 Media Cooperation Forum (论坛) on Belt and Road was ____36____ (grand) held on Tuesday in Xi’an, capital of Northwest China’s Shaanxi Province.
In 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed the Belt and Road Initiative. Over the next 9 years, the initiative has transformed from vision to ____37____ (real) and become the world’s ____38____ (large) international cooperation platform.
The People’s Daily, the Shaanxi provincial Party committee and the Shaanxi provincial government ____39____ (host) the forum with the theme “Embrace Global Development Initiative and Deeper Connectivity”.
More than 120 Chinese and foreign media representatives from more than 40 countries and organizations participated ____40____ the forum live, on video and through written speeches.
Also attending the forum were central government officials, Chinese experts ____41____ Belt and Road Initiative company bosses.
____42____ (schedule) for Tuesday afternoon were two sub-forums: Belt and Road Regional Cooperation, and Media Dialogue on Global Development Initiative.
Through arrangements by forum organizers, four groups of Chinese and foreign ____43____(reporter) traveled in Shaanxi Province over eight days from August 1 to report on the province’s high-quality development.
The Media Cooperation Forum on Belt and Road ____44____ (hold) six times since 2014 as a platform for media dialogue and pragmatic cooperation between countries, ____45____ has greatly deepened international communication and promoted global cooperation.
【答案】36. grandly
37. reality
38. largest
39. hosted 40. in
41. and 42. Scheduled
43. reporters
44. has been held
45. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是2022年“一带一路”媒体合作论坛于周二在中国西北部陕西省省会西安市隆重举行。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：2022年“一带一路”媒体合作论坛于周二在中国西北部陕西省省会西安市隆重举行。空格处用副词修饰动词held，grand的副词是grandly，意为“隆重地”，故填grandly。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：9年来，“一带一路”倡议从愿景变为现实，成为全球最大的国际合作平台。空格处用名词作宾语，real的名词是reality，意为“现实”，不可数名词，故填reality。
【38题详解】
考查最高级。句意：9年来，“一带一路”倡议从愿景变为现实，成为全球最大的国际合作平台。由“the world’s”可知，空格处用最高级largest，表示““一带一路”倡议从愿景变为现实，成为全球最大的国际合作平台”，故填largest。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：本次论坛由人民日报社、陕西省委、省政府主办，主题为“拥抱全球发展倡议，深化互联互通”。空格处是谓语，由第一段的was可知，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处用过去式hosted，故填hosted。
40题详解】
考查介词。句意：来自40多个国家和组织的120多家中外媒体代表通过直播、视频和书面发言等形式参加了论坛。participate in是固定短语，意为“参加”，故填in。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：出席论坛的还有中央政府官员、中国专家和“一带一路”倡议的公司老板。central government officials, Chinese experts和Belt and Road Initiative company bosses是并列关系，且句子是肯定句，因此空格处用and表并列，故填and。
【42题详解】
考查部分倒装。句意：周二下午将举行“一带一路”区域合作和全球发展倡议媒体对话会两个分论坛。分析可知，该句为表语前置的部分倒装，schedule主语 two sub-forums是被动关系，故空处应填过去分词，正常语序应是two sub-forums were scheduled for Tuesday afternoon。故填Scheduled。
【43题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：经论坛主办方安排，4组中外记者自8月1日起8天时间深入陕西，对陕西省高质量发展情况进行报道。空前有four groups，空格处用复数，故填reporters。
【44题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：自2014年以来，“一带一路”媒体合作论坛已举办六届，作为各国媒体对话与务实合作的平台，极大地深化了国际交流，促进了全球合作。由since可知，句子时态用现在完成时，论坛是被举办，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，主语“The Media Cooperation Forum on Belt and Road”是单数，因此空格处是has been held。故填has been held。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：自2014年以来，“一带一路”媒体合作论坛已举办六届，作为各国媒体对话与务实合作的平台，极大地深化了国际交流，促进了全球合作。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语指的前面整句话的内容，因此空格处用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校即将举行第一届校园科技节，请给你的外教Frank写封信邀请他参加，内容包括：
1. 活动时间；
2. 活动主题；
3. 期待他开幕式上发言。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置做答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Frank，
How is everything going? Learning that you are a great enthusiast for science and technology, I’m writing to invite you to attend the first campus science and technology festival to be held by my school.
The festival, whose subject is “Science and technology light up life”, is scheduled to be held in our Science Exhibition Hall from 9:00 am next Saturday. Many students will attend it and present their special science projects and amazing inventions. We also anticipate that you can speak at the opening ceremony.
Looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Frank写封信，邀请他参加学校即将举行的第一届校园科技节。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举行：hold→throw
举办：hold→host
主题：subject→theme
参加：attend→take part in
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Learning that you are a great enthusiast for science and technology, I’m writing to invite you to attend the first campus science and technology festival to be held by my school.
拓展句：Learning that you are a great enthusiast for science and technology, I’m writing to invite you to attend the first campus science and technology festival that will be held by my school.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Learning that you are a great enthusiast for science and technology, I’m writing to invite you to attend the first campus science and technology festival to be held by my school. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] The festival, whose subject is “Science and technology light up life”, is scheduled to be held in our Science Exhibition Hall from 9:00 am next Saturday. (运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节: (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was September 1966, and I was twenty years old, facing my first class of kids as a new teacher. Like most new, young teachers, I was full of enthusiasm and determined to make a difference. My class was made up of thirty-eight angels and one street kid named Mike, a 10-year-old kid who never knew his parents and lived with an indifferent grandmother. His clothing was in constant need of repair. Compared to the other kids around him, he was at a distinct disadvantage. Being so young, I knew very little about parenting. However, I did recognize a child in need, and decided to reach out and see if I could make a difference. And so it was that early in September, my special “foster father” relationship with Mike began.
Each day as I arrived at school around 7:30 A.M., Mike would already be in the parking lot waiting for me. Because he was usually hungry, I’d take him out for breakfast. I showed him how to sew, and together we began mending his ripped and torn clothes. Each noon hour as I shared my lunch with him, I taught him a host of new skills－for a while we worked on the proper method of using a microscope. On another day we constructed a pinhole camera, then we classified rocks and minerals. One Monday, I taught Mike to play chess. By Friday of that same week, he was giving me a really good game. Mike would then “help” me teach these skills to the rest of the class. We all had a lot of fun, and a kind of unspoken trust began to build up between us.
Then early in October, at a class meeting, the kids were asked to talk about their dreams. Most of them wanted to be doctors, musicians, teachers or some such things while an awkward scene occurred when it was Mike’s turn to speak out his ultimate desire in life. Standing before the whole class, he stammered (结巴) that he had no idea, with his face turning red. At that moment, the bell rang.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第一段：Class was over, but my new plan was just beginning.
第二段：Ten years passed, and I often thought of him, wondering how his life turned out and what he had become.
【答案】Class was over, but my new plan was just beginning. After class, I asked what his dream was. He answered that his ultimate desire in life was to be a gangster. I was totally amazed. Afterwards, I usually took him to a law library. In fact, I made the arrangement on purpose. He was so absorbed with the book that we usually stayed there for the whole weekend. I said to him that to be a good gangster, he had to know something about criminal law and reading up on laws was the only way to learn. His young mind was eager and he dove right in.
Ten years passed, and I often thought of him, wondering how his life turned out and what he had become. Then one day, I decided to look up the number of a former colleague. opened the telephone directory, and there on the page, as if it were in twinkling neon lights and lit up just for me .I dialed the number ,and about fifteen seconds later, I was talking with a husky voiced gentleman. His opening state was“ Teacher, I’ve missed you.” At that moment, I realized that it was Mike that used to be a street kid whose dream was to be a gangster, now is a famous criminal lawyer. He sincerely repeated that I was the figure he had ever had, and that he owed it all to me. Had it not been for me, he wouldn’t be what he was today.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者曾经作为一个小学的老师，在所带班级的孩子中有一名“小混混”男孩，他不合群，学习成绩差，但是在作者的帮助和引导之下，最后有一名“立志”成为匪徒的小混混成为了知名的律师的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“下课了，但我的新计划才刚刚开始。”可知，第一段可描写作者想帮助他，了解Mike的梦想，并且引导他改变自己的想法。
②由第二段首句内容“十年过去了，我常常想起他，想知道他的生活是怎样的，他变成了什么样的人。”可知，第二段可描写作者查找到了Mike的电话并得知了他现在的生活，同时本段中描述二人的对话，以及Mike对作者的感激之情。
2.续写线索：做计划——说出梦想——改变梦想——联系Mike——查明真相——表达感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回答：answer/reply
②沉迷于：be absorbed in /be engaged in
③ 明白：realize/understand/know
情绪类
①.吃惊：amazed/astonished
②.真挚地：sincerely/genuinely
【点睛】[高分句型1]. He was so absorbed with the book that we usually stayed there for the whole weekend. （由so ...that引导的状语从句）
[高分句型2]. At that moment, I realized that it was Mike that used to be a street kid whose dream was to be a gangster, now is a famous criminal lawyer. （句中包括强调句结构以及whose引导的定语从句）