山东省青岛市莱西市2022-2023学年高三英语上学期1月期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山东省青岛市莱西市2022-2023学年高三英语上学期1月期末试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了考试结束后，将答题卡交回等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高三教学质量检测(二)
英语科试卷
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you have difficulty deciding on your book list, the ideas shared by some great talents might help you out.
Read books from eras past // Alert Einstein
Keeping up with current events and latest books from the bestseller list is a big job,but Albert Einstein thought it was vital to leave some room for older works,too.Otherwise,you’d be “completely dependent on the prejudices and fashions of your times,” he wrote in a 1952 journal article.
“Somebody who reads only newspapers and at best books of contemporary authors looks to me like an extremely near-sighted person who scorns(拒绝)eyeglasses，”he wrote.
Don’t jump too quickly from book to book //Seneca
Seneca, a first-century Roman Stoic philosopher, believed that reading too wide a variety in too short a time would keep the teachings from leaving a lasting impression on you.“You must spend much time among a limited number of master thinkers,if you would gain ideas which shall win firm hold in your mind,” he wrote.
Shop at secondhand bookstores/Virginia Woolf
In her essay “Street Haunting,” Virginia Woolf described the benefits of shopping in secondhand bookstores,where the works “have come together in vast flocks of various feather, and have a charm which the carefully chosen books of the library lack.”
According to Woolf,looking through used books gives you the chance to come across something that wouldn’t have risen to the attention of librarians and booksellers,who are often much more selective in building their collections than secondhand bookstore owners.
You can skip outdated science works,but not old literature // Edward Lytton
19th-century British novelist and Parliamentarian Edward Lytton was a firm believer in the value of reading old literature.
“In science,read,by preference,the newest works;in literature,the oldest,” he wrote in his 1863 essay collection,Caxtoniana.“The classic literature is always modem.New books revive and redecorate old ideas; old books suggest and invigorate new ideas.”
1. Who holds the idea that great works should be digested?
A. Virginia Woolf. B. Seneca.
C. Alert Einstein. D. Edward Lytton.
2. What attracted Virginia Woolf to secondhand bookstores?
A. The lower price. B. A more careful selection.
C. A wider range. D. The warmer service.
3. How does Edward Lytton find the classical literature?
A. valuable. B. outdated.
C. challenging. D. Interesting.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了一些伟大的天才关于如何选书的想法。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Don’t jump too quickly from book to book //Seneca中的“Seneca, a first-century Roman Stoic philosopher, believed that reading too wide a variety in too short a time would keep the teachings from leaving a lasting impression on you. “You must spend much time among a limited number of master thinkers, if you would gain ideas which shall win firm hold in your mind,” he wrote. (公元一世纪的古罗马斯多葛派哲学家Seneca认为，在短时间内读书太杂会让自己无法长久铭记从书中获得的教益。他在给罗马作家卢西利厄斯的信中写道：“你必须花时间品读少数几位伟大思想家的作品，这样才能让教益常驻心间。”) ”可知，Seneca认为伟大的作品应该被消化。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Shop at secondhand bookstores/Virginia Woolf中的“In her essay “Street Haunting,” Virginia Woolf described the benefits of shopping in secondhand bookstores, where the works “have come together in vast flocks of various feather, and have a charm which the carefully chosen books of the library lack. (弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫在她的文章《街头漫步》中描述了在二手书店购物的好处，在那里各种书籍“像斑驳的羽毛一样堆在一起，这种魅力正是图书馆里中规中矩的藏书所欠缺的”)”可知，范围更广的图书引了弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫去二手书店。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据You can skip outdated science works, but not old literature // Edward Lytton中的“19th-century British novelist and Parliamentarian Edward Lytton was a firm believer in the value of reading old literature. (19世纪英国小说家、议会议员Edward Lytton是古文学价值的坚定信徒)”可知，Edward Lytton认为古典文学是有价值的。A. valuable. 有价值的；B. outdated. 过时的；C. challenging. 有挑战性的；D. Interesting. 有趣的。故选A项。
B
In life，once on a path，we tend to follow it，for better or worse.What's sad is that even if it's the latter，we often accept it anyway because we are so used to the way things are that wed don't even recognize that they could be different This is a phenomenon psychologist call functional fixedness.
This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap: People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly.
Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax. The psychologists had, of course, arranged it so that neither of these obvious approaches would work. The tacks are too short, and the paraffin (石蜡) doesn't stick to the wall. So how can you complete the task? The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle-holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall. and stand the candle inside it. To think of that, you have to look beyond the box's usual role as a receptacle just for tacks and re-imagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer to one degree or another from functional fixedness.
The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase“frozen thoughts”to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt's eyes, the self- content reliance on such accepted “truths”also made people blind to ideas that didn't fit their worldview, even when there was plenty of evidence for them.
Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said,“It can be found in highly intelligent people.”
4. What does the underlined word“it”in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The experiment. B. Functional fixedness.
C. The path. D. The thinking.
5. Which way is hard to think of to complete the task?
A. Tacking the candle to the wall.
B. Fixing the candle with melted wax.
C. Using the tack box as a candle-holder.
D. Lighting the candle to stand it.
6. Which of the following statements will Hannah Arendt agree with?
A. People should question.
B. We should be used to the way things are.
C. People shouldn't accept the idea that doesn't fit their worldview.
D. The smarter people are，the more open to the new things they are.
7. What's the passage mainly about?
A. An interesting experiment
B. A psychological phenomenon.
C. A theory to be proved.
D. The opinion of Hannah Arendt.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一种心理学家称之为功能固着的现象的实验。
【4题详解】
代词指代题。根据前一句This is a phenomenon psychologist call functional fixedness.可知这是一种心理学家称之为功能固着的现象。根据划线词所在句子This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap:可知这个经典的实验将让你了解它是如何起作用的，还会让你知道你是否会掉入同样的陷阱。结合上文可知这里的it就是前文的“(functional fixedness)功能固着”，故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle-holder. ..from functional fixedness.可知成功实现的方法就是把钉盒用作烛台。你需要把盒子清空，把它钉在墙上，然后把蜡烛放在里面。要考虑到这一点，你必须超越盒子通常的作用，不再把它看作是一个仅仅是为了图钉而设计的盒子，而是把它重新想象成一个有全新的用途的工具。这是困难的，因为我们都或多或少地承受着功能固着的痛苦。也就是说把钉盒用作烛台这个方法是很难想到的。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase…also made people blind to ideas that didn't fit their worldview, even when there was plenty of evidence for them.”可知政治理论家汉娜·阿伦特创造了“冻结思维”一词，它用来描述我们不再质疑、但应该质疑的根深蒂固的想法。阿伦特认为，自满的依赖这些公认的事实使人们对不符合他们世界观的想法视而不见，即使有足够的证据支持这些想法。由此可以推断汉娜·阿伦特会赞同“人们需要质疑”这个想法。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段提出存在着一种心理学家称之为功能固着的现象。后几段介绍了一个经典实验让读者了解功能固着这种心理现象是如何起作用的，最后介绍了汉娜·阿伦特创造了“冻结思维”一词，用来描述我们不再质疑、但应该质疑的根深蒂固的想法。全文都围绕着功能固着这一心理现象在描写。故选B项。
C
A new study says electronic toys are not helping babies learn.
“Even if companies are marketing them as educational, they’re not teaching the babies anything at this time,” said the study’s author, Anna Sosa. She is a Northern Arizona University professor who heads the school’s Child Speech and Language Lab.
Sosa and her fellow researchers listened to audio recordings of parents playing with their babies-aged 10 months to 16 months. There searchers compared the experiences when the children played with electronic toys, traditional toys such as blocks, or when the children looked at books.
What they found is that parents talked less with their babies when the babies played with electronic toys.
“The parents talked less, responded less and used fewer content specific words,” Sosa said. Why is this important?
Sosa said research shows that how quickly children develop language is often based on what they hear from parents. When the infants played with electronic toys, parents said little to their children. But with traditional toys, such as blocks, parents shared the names and descriptions of the animals, colors and shapes as their children played, Sosa said.
There was even more information given by parents as their babies looked at the pictures in books, the researcher also said.
Sosa is not telling parents to throw out electronic toys. But she said parents should look at their infants’ play with such toys as entertainment, not a learning experience.
Toy Industry Association spokeswoman Adrienne Appell responded to the study. She said it is important that parents make time to play with their children.
“Playing is a way that kids can learn so much, not only cognitive (认知的) skills, but social and developmental skills,” she said.
She added that play should be balanced, including time for just “make believe” activities, as well as traditional and electronic toys.
8. When toy companies promote sales, they usually stress their toys are ________.
A. Amusing B. Electronic
C. Educational D. Affordable
9. According to Anna Sosa, what is important for kids’ learning experiences?
A. A good choice B. A must
C. The past D. A risk
10. Which idea will Adrienne Appell probably share?
A. Cognitive skills are the most important for kids to develop.
B. Giving kids electronic toys sets time aside for parents to to something else.
C. Traditional toys are giving way to electronic ones.
D. Parents should get involved to make the toys a meaningful learning tool.
11. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Electronic Cars should be abandoned.
B. Talking more about your kids’ toys is necessary.
C. Abandoning your kids to electronic toys probably means little learning.
D. How to choose toys for your kids is of great importance.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一项新的研究表明，电子玩具对婴儿学习没有帮助。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Even if companies are marketing them as educational, they’re not teaching the babies anything at this time(即使公司把它们宣传为有教育意义的，但他们此时并没有教会婴儿任何东西)”可知，当玩具公司促销时，他们通常强调他们的玩具是有教育意义的，故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“There searchers compared the experiences when the children played with electronic toys, traditional toys such as blocks, or when the children looked at books.(研究人员比较了孩子们玩电子玩具、积木等传统玩具和看书时的体验。)”，第四段的“What they found is that parents talked less with their babies when the babies played with electronic toys.(他们发现，当婴儿玩电子玩具时，父母与婴儿的谈话减少了。)”和第六段的“When the infants played with electronic toys, parents said little to their children. But with traditional toys, such as blocks, parents shared the names and descriptions of the animals, colors and shapes as their children played, Sosa said.(当婴儿玩电子玩具时，父母很少和他们的孩子说话。但对于传统玩具，如积木，家长们在孩子玩的时候分享动物的名字和描述，颜色和形状，Sosa说。)”可知，根据Anna Sosa的说法，一个好的选择对孩子的学习经历是重要的，故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“She said it is important that parents make time to play with their children.(她说，父母抽出时间和孩子一起玩很重要。)”，倒数第二段的““Playing is a way that kids can learn so much, not only cognitive (认知的) skills, but social and developmental skills,” she said.(“玩耍是孩子们可以学到很多东西的一种方式，不仅是认知技能，还有社交和发展技能，”她说。)”和最后一段的“She added that play should be balanced, including time for just “make believe” activities, as well as traditional and electronic toys.(她补充说，玩耍应该是平衡的，包括“假装”活动的时间，以及传统和电子玩具的时间。)”可知，Adrienne Appell可能会分享的观点是家长应该参与进来，让玩具成为有意义的学习工具。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“A new study says electronic toys are not helping babies learn.(一项新的研究表明，电子玩具对婴儿学习没有帮助。)”可知，本文主要讲的是一项新的研究表明，电子玩具对婴儿学习没有帮助，也就是“让你的孩子玩电子玩具可能意味着学不到什么东西”。故选C。
D
More people who feel stressed about living in cities have been seeking protection in green spaces for the proven positive impacts on physical and mental health,but the benefits of “blue space”— the sea and coastline,but also rivers,lakes,canals,waterfalls,even fountains — are less well advertised, yet the science has kept in place for at least a decade: being by water is good for body and mind.
“Many of the processes are exactly the same as with green space — with some added benefits,” says Dr Mathew White,a senior lecturer at the University of Exeter.
White says there are three established pathways by which the presence of water is positively related to health and happiness.First,there are the beneficial environmental factors,such as less polluted air and more sunlight. Second, people who live by water tend to be more physically active. Third — and this is where blue space seems to have an advantage over other natural environments — water has a psychological recovery effect. When you are sailing, surfing or swimming, says White, “you’re really in step with natural forces there.”
Catherine Kelly is a wellness practitioner who teaches classes in “mindfulness by the sea”. She says the sea has a quality that can make people thoughtful.
“To go to the sea means letting go,” says Kelly. “It could be lying on a beach or somebody handing you a cocktail. For somebody else, it could be a wild, empty coast. But there is this really human sense of: ‘Oh, look, there’s the sea’— and the shoulders drop.”
12. Why are blue spaces less popular than green spaces?
A. Because green spaces are good to people’s health.
B. Because the benefits of green spaces are better advertised.
C. Because green spaces have more benefits than blue spaces.
D. Because little research has been done on blue spaces.
13. Where is blue space better than other natural environments according to White?
A. Water helps people restore mental health.
B. Where there’s water,there’s fresh air.
C. People living near water are healthier.
D. The sea can make people lost in deep thought.
14. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. The sea will put you at ease.
B. The sea will hurt your shoulder.
C. The sea will bring you loneliness.
D. The sea will make you feel down.
15. What does the author mainly want to tell us?
A. People in cities prefer green spaces.
B. Blue spaces benefit your body and mind.
C. Green spaces have been out of date.
D. Ways to keep us healthy.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是近年来，生活在城市中压力很大的人们在寻求绿色空间的保护，文章揭示了除了绿色空间，蓝色空间也有助于人们的身心健康。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“More people who feel stressed about living in cities have been seeking protection in green spaces for the proven positive impacts on physical and mental health,but the benefits of “blue space”— the sea and coastline, but also rivers,lakes,canals,waterfalls,even fountains — are less well advertised, (越来越多的人对城市生活感到压力，一直在寻求绿色空间的保护，因为事实证明，绿色空间对身心健康有积极影响，但“蓝色空间”——海洋和海岸线，还有河流、湖泊、运河、瀑布，甚至喷泉——的好处却很少被宣传)”可知，蓝色空间没有绿色空间那么受欢迎是因为宣传的少。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“White says there are three established pathways by which the presence of water is positively related to health and happiness. First, there are the beneficial environmental factors, such as less polluted air and more sunlight. Second, people who live by water tend to be more physically active. Third — and this is where blue space seems to have an advantage over other natural environments — water has a psychological recovery effect. (怀特说，有三个既定的途径表明，水的存在与健康和幸福呈正相关。首先，有有利的环境因素，如污染更少的空气和更多的阳光。其次，住在水边的人往往更积极锻炼身体。第三，这也是蓝色空间似乎比其他自然环境更有优势的地方——水有一种心理恢复作用)”可推知，水有助于人们恢复心理健康。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““To go to the sea means letting go,” says Kelly. “It could be lying on a beach or somebody handing you a cocktail. For somebody else,it could be a wild, empty coast. But there is this really human sense of: ‘Oh,look, there’s the sea’— and the shoulders drop.”(“去海边意味着放手，”凯利说。“可能是躺在沙滩上，也可能是有人递给你一杯鸡尾酒。对另一些人来说，这可能是一片荒凉、空旷的海岸。但这是一种真正的人类感觉：‘哦，看，这是大海’——然后肩膀就垂了下来。”)”可推知，大海会让你放松的。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文文章讲述的是近年来，生活在城市中压力很大的人们在寻求绿色空间的保护，但文章揭示了除了绿色空间，蓝色空间也有助于人们的身心健康。由此推知，文章的目的是告知人们蓝色空间有益于人们的身心。故选B。
第二节(共5个小题，每题2.5分;满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Humans were made for walking. With our upright posture and strong leg muscles, our bodies were designed with walking in mind --- which is what makes it such perfect exercise. ____16____And best of all, it’s a great way to see new things and meet new people!
___17___Wherever you are, in the city or at the campground, you’ll find plenty of walking going on. Studies have shown that taking a walk every day significantly reduces your risk for heart disease and high blood pressure, and it even lowers stress levels. Recently, science has proved that walking is even good for your body shape and brain.
To get started, sit down with a map and make a plan. ___18___Do you want to meet other people? See new places? Get out into the wilderness or explore a city? Knowing your strengths will help you decide on the type of walk you want to do.
If making friends and socializing is your goal, call up your friends and schedule walks with them. Ask your friends where they like to walk and go there, since this will introduce you to new places. Go online and look up your local mall or shopping center. Many malls have groups that come every day, or every weekend, to “walk the mall. ___19___
From the benefits to your heart to your overall happiness, walking is just plain good for you.
This month pick up a map and start walking.___20___
A. Headed to a new city?
B. It’s good for our bodies and great for our waistlines.
C. This month, why not focus on walking with a purpose?
D. These groups are always happy to include one more walker!
E. You might find open groups of dog walkers at your local park.
F. It’s a fantastic way to get to know the world, using your own two feet.
G. Ask yourself, what do you want to get out of walking aside from the health benefits?
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. G 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了步行是最适合人类运动方式，介绍了步行的一些好处，倡导人们开始步行，用自己的双脚去了解这个世界。
【16题详解】
根据后文And best of all, it’s a great way to see new things and meet new people!可知最重要的是，这是了解新事物和认识新朋友的好方法！由此可知，本空是在说明步行的优点。故B选项“它对我们的身体和腰围都有好处”符合上下文语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据本段内容Wherever you are, in the city or at the campground, you’ll find plenty of walking going on. Studies have shown that taking a walk every day significantly reduces your risk for heart disease and high blood pressure, and it even lowers stress levels. Recently, science has proved that walking is even good for your body shape and brain.可知无论你在哪里，在城市里还是在露营地，你都会发现有很多的路要走。研究表明，每天散步能显著降低患心脏病和高血压的风险，甚至还能降低压力水平。最近，科学证明，走路甚至对你的体型和大脑都有好处。由此可知，本段说明了步行对身体的一些好处，以此来倡导人们多步行，故C选项“这个月，为什么不专注于有目的的步行呢？”符合上下文语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据后文Do you want to meet other people? See new places? Get out into the wilderness or explore a city?可知你想认识其他人吗？看到新地方吗？是去荒野还是去探索一座城市？由此可知，步行除了健康方面的好处，还能帮助你认识其他人，看到新地方，这就要看你自己想从步行中得到什么了。故G选项“问问你自己，除了健康方面的好处，你还想从步行中得到什么？”符合上下文语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据本段第一句If making friends and socializing is your goal, call up your friends and schedule walks with them.可知如果交朋友和社交是你的目标，打电话给你的朋友，安排和他们一起散步。以及空处上文Many malls have groups that come every day, or every weekend, to “walk the mall”.可知许多购物中心每天或每个周末都有一群人来“逛购物中心”。由此可知，本句承接上文，继续说明这些团体的情况，本段主要说明的是步行可以有助于社交，那么这些周末逛购物中心的团体是喜欢接纳其他步行者的。故D选项“这些团体总是很高兴再多一个步行者！”符合上下文语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文This month pick up a map and start walking.可知这个月，拿起一张地图，开始步行。由此可知，本段属于总结段落，上文提到了步行的诸多好处，那么本段应当是倡导读者去步行，用自己的双脚去了解这个世界。故F选项“用自己的双脚去了解这个世界，这是一种奇妙的方式”符合上下文语境，故选F。
第二部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题：每题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Finally, the farm where I’d grown up with my parents came into my sight. I picked up my ___21___and almost ran. There was a feel of “home”, a ___22___I really needed right then.
Suddenly a(n)___23___sweet smell of lilacs in bloom (丁香花开) made me slow down. I ___24___ pulled a bunch (花枝) to my face and enjoyed the sweetness, as I had always done in my childhood.
Warm memories ___25___my mind until I got home. There, Mum and Dad ___26___me with a tight hug.
I___27___announced, “It’s spring! The lilacs are in bloom!”
“Lilacs in blossom or not, it isn’t spring until winter is gone,” Dad___28___. “We’ll still get a bit of cold weather.”
But I still___29___that pleasure the lilacs had brought to me. Immediately, I recalled the card from Mum-one that had____30____me through my dark days. Printed on the card were a flower coming from the crack of rock and the____31____words, “In the middle of winter, I found within me an everlasting____32____.”At the bottom of the card, Mum added, “Spring is your favorite time of year. As always, it’s ____33____.”
These are words Mum, who always sees the____34____side of our life, lives by. Even during winter, she finds spring. I love her sense of joy and her willingness to____35____it.
21. A. language B. pace C. luggage D. phone
22. A. landscape B. shadow C. comfort D. figure
23. A. unexpected B. strange C. special D. ordinary
24. A. nervously B. eagerly C. patiently D. strong
25. A. enriched B. strengthened C. changed D. crossed
26. A. noticed B. waited for C. greeted D. encouraged
27. A. calmly B. delightedly C. anxiously D. informally
28. A. added B. argued C. favored D. illustrated
29. A. let go B. make out C. bring back D. held on to
30. A. accepted B. amused C. inspired D. reminded
31. A. uplifting B. enthusiastic C. challenging D. subjective
32. A. connection B. spring C. relationship D. friendship
33. A. outside B. there C. within D. outdoors
34. A. bright B. opposite C. missing D. creative
35. A. predict B. share C. notice D. apply
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者关于丁香花的温暖回忆与感受。
21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我加快脚步，几乎要跑了。A. language语言；B. pace步伐；C. luggage行李；D. phone电话。根据空后“and almost ran”可知，作者几乎要跑起来了，所以空处是指他加快了他的步伐（pace）。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一种“家”的感觉，一种我当时非常需要的安慰。A. landscape风景；B. shadow影子；C. comfort安慰；D. figure数字。根据上文“There was a feel of “home””可知，家的感觉应该是让人感到安慰（comfort）的。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，一股突如其来的丁香花香让我放慢了脚步。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. strange奇怪的；C. special特殊的；D. ordinary普通的。根据空前“Suddenly”可知，这阵丁香花香是出乎意料的，突如其来的（unexpected）。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我急切地拉了一束到我的脸上，享受着它的甜蜜，就像我小时候经常做的那样。A. nervously紧张地；B. eagerly急切地；C. patiently耐心地；D. strong强烈的。根据空后“pulled a bunch(花枝)to my face and enjoyed the sweetness，as I had always done in my childhood.”可知，丁香花有我小时候的美好回忆，所以我应该是非常急切地（eagerly）想要拉一束来闻。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：温暖的回忆在我的脑海里闪过，直到我回到家。A. enriched使丰富；B. strengthened加强；C. changed改变；D. crossed闪过。根据空前“Warm memories”可知，此处是指温暖的回忆闪过（crossed）我的脑海。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，爸爸妈妈紧紧地拥抱着我。A. noticed注意到；B. waited for等待；C. greeted迎接；D. encouraged鼓励。根据空后“me with a tight hug.”可知，此处是指父母迎接（greeted）我的一直都是紧紧的拥抱。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我高兴地宣布：“春天到了！丁香花开了！” A. calmly冷静地；B. delightedly高兴地；C. anxiously焦急地；D. informally不正式地。根据下文“It’s spring! The lilacs are in bloom!”可知，春天来了，丁香花开了，我应该是十分激动和高兴（delightedly）的。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“不管丁香花开不开，冬天过去了才算春天，”爸爸争辩道。A. added增加；B. argued争辩；C. favored赞同；D. illustrated说明。根据空前“Lilacs in blossom or not,it isn’t spring until winter is gone”可知，这是父亲不同于我的观点，丁香花开不开和春天来了没有必然的关系，因此此处是指父亲争辩（argued）道。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但我仍然抓住丁香带给我的快乐不放。A. let go释放；B. make out理解；C. bring back使……回忆起来；D. held on to抓住不放。根据下文“that pleasure the lilacs had brought to me.”可知，此处是指，虽然父亲与我争辩，但我还是紧紧抓住（held on to）丁香花带来的快乐不放。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻想起了妈妈给我的卡片，那是一张在我黑暗的日子里鼓舞我的卡片。A. accepted接受；B. amused逗乐；C. inspired鼓舞；D. reminded提醒。根据下文“me through my dark days.”可知，在黑暗的日子里，应该是鼓舞（inspired）我的卡片。故选C项。
31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡片上印着一朵从岩石裂缝中开出的花和令人振奋的文字：“在隆冬，我在内心找到了永恒的春天。” A. uplifting令人振奋的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. challenging具有挑战性的；D. subjective主观的。根据上文“me through my dark days.”可知，帮助我度过黑暗日子的，应该是令人振奋的（uplifting）文字。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡片上印着一朵从岩石裂缝中开出的花和令人振奋的文字：“在隆冬，我在内心找到了永恒的春天。” A. connection联系；B. spring春天；C. relationship关系；D. friendship友谊。根据上文“Printed on the card were a flower coming from the crack of rock”可知，因为母亲的花和卡片上振奋人心的话语，让我即使深处冬天，也犹如春天（spring）一般，在我内心生长，此处spring与上文winter相呼应。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：一如既往，它在里面。A. outside在外面；B. there在那儿；C. within在里面；D. outdoors在户外。根据上文“In the middle of winter, I found within me an everlasting___12___.”可知，此处是指春天一如既往，就在这里面（within），此处within为词义复现。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些都是妈妈的话，她总是看到我们生活中光明的一面。A. bright光明的；B. opposite相反的；C. missing丢失的；D. creative有创造力的。根据下文“Even during winter, she finds spring.”可知，妈妈总能在寒冬中找到春天，此处是指，妈妈是一个积极乐观的人，总能在生活中看见光明的（bright）一面。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爱她的快乐感和她分享快乐的意愿。A. predict预测；B. share分享；C. notice注意到；D. apply运用，申请。根据上文“Printed on the card were a flower coming from the crack of rock and the___11___words, “In the middle of winter, I found within me an everlasting___12___.””和“her willingness to”可知，妈妈不仅能感知快乐，还乐于分享（share）快乐。故选B项。
第二节：(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The tea that____36____ (delight)the world for thousands of years has finally received global ____37____ (recognize)as a shared cultural treasure of mankind.
Traditional tea processing techniques and their associated social practices in China , including tea gardens, picking of tea leaves,the processing, drinking and sharing of tea, ____38____ (add) to UNESCO’s List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity last month.
In China,traditional tea processing techniques are____39____ (close) related to geographical location and natural environment, ____40____ results in a distribution range between 18°－37°N and 94°－122°E, that is, the provinces of Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Anhui and other areas in South China. Associated social practices, ____41____, are spread throughout the country and shared by many ethnic groups.
Over 2,000 tea ____42____ (variety), mainly in six categories－green,black yellow,oolong. white and dark-are grown in China. A lot of key processing skills are involved before it is ready for service.
The ancient Silk Road and trade routes brought tea to the whole world. ____43____ (serve) on different occasions and used as an important tool for communication, tea is everywhere on the globe today. “Practices of greeting guests____44____ tea and building good relationships within families and neighbors through tea-related activities are shared among many ethnic groups, and provide_____45_____ sense of belonging, ” tea culture researchers said.
【答案】36. has delighted
37. recognition
38. were added
39. closely
40. which 41. however
42. varieties
43. Served 44. with
45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。千百年来一直令世界欣喜的茶，终于被全球公认为人类共同的文化瑰宝。上个月，中国的传统茶叶加工技术及其相关社会实践被列入联合国教科文组织的《人类非物质文化遗产名录》。
【36题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：千百年来一直令世界欣喜的茶，终于被全球公认为人类共同的文化瑰宝。分析句子可知，空格处是定语从句中的谓语动词。根据时间状语for thousands of years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数。故填has delighted。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。recognize的名词形式为recognition。故填recognition。
【38题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：上个月，中国的传统茶叶加工技术及其相关社会实践，包括茶园、茶叶采摘、茶叶加工、饮用和分享，被列入联合国教科文组织的《人类非物质文化遗产名录》。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据时间状语last month可知，此处应用一般过去时。主语Traditional tea processing techniques and their associated social practices与动词add是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态，主语是复数。故填were added。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：在中国，传统的茶叶加工技术与地理位置和自然环境密切相关，其分布范围在北纬18°——37°至东经94°——122°之间，即浙江、福建、江西、安徽等华南地区。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语修饰形容词related。close作为副词时主要是指两个实体在位置、距离上的接近，翻译成中文是“靠近”的意思；closely作副词时则用于表示两个人在情感、关系上更加亲近、紧密，有“紧密地”、“密切地”的意思。此处指“紧密联系”。故填closely。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句。先行词是整个主句In China, traditional tea processing techniques are____4____ (close) related to geographical location and natural environment，故用关系代词which。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，相关的社会习俗在全国各地传播，并为许多族裔群体所分享。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词。根据句意，此处与上文是转折关系，故用however。故填however。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：2000多个茶叶品种，主要分为六大类——绿、黑黄、乌龙。根据空格前数词2,000可知，空格处应填入名词，且用复数形式。故填varieties。
【43题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：今天，茶在不同的场合供应，并被用作重要的沟通工具，在全球各地随处可见。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。句子主语tea与动词serve是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词，置于句首，首字母应大写。故填Served。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：茶文化研究人员表示：“用茶迎接客人的做法，以及通过与茶相关的活动在家庭和邻居之间建立良好关系的做法，在许多民族中都有，并提供了归属感。”分析句子可知，空格处应填入介词。greet sb. with sth. 是固定短语，意为“用……迎接某人”。故填with。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词。根据句意，此处指“一种归属感”，应用不定冠词。sense读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40分)
46. 假设你是李华，你对英国伦敦大学官方网站上的“寒假四周交流课程”很感兴趣。请你在该校网站上发一封英文 e-mail，询问该课程的有关问题，包括：
1.开始时间;
2.班级人数;
3.学费;
4.食宿方式。
注意：
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Hua, currently studying in Hong Xing Middle school in Beijing. I show great interest in the four-week exchange course during the winter holiday advertised on the official website of your university. I’m writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with some information regarding it.
First of all, when will the course begin and how many students are there in the class? Besides, how much does the course cost? I would also like to inquire about the accommodation. Could you be so kind as to send me some relevant booklets on the above-mentioned aspects?
Thank you for your kindness, and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国伦敦大学官方网站发一封英文e-mail，询问“寒假四周交流课程”的有关问题。内容包括：
1.开始时间;
2.班级人数;
3.学费;
4.食宿方式。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：show interest in → be interested in
首先：first of all→ to begin with
其次：besides → what’s more
立即的：prompt→ instant
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am Li Hua, currently studying in Hong Xing Middle school in Beijing.
拓展句：I am Li Hua, who is currently studying in Hong Xing Middle school in Beijing.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I show great interest in the four-week exchange course during the winter holiday advertised on the official website of your university.（运用了过去分词短语作后置定语）
【高分句型2】I’m writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with some information regarding it.（运用了if引导宾语从句）
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When Sylvia was 13, she climbed her first mountain—a fairly gentle 3,900-foot peak near where she lives in Surrey, British Columbia. She was overweight at the time and out of breath when she reached the summit. But she loved the challenge of conquering something bigger than herself. Soon she’d climbed nearly 100 peaks. Her parents were happy she’d finally found a hobby.
Sylvia often go climbing with her friend Mia, whom she’d met in a Face-book group. Two years ago, on December 30, when Sylvia was 16, she and Mia drove to Oregon,aiming to reach the top of 11,240-foot Mount Hood, perhaps, a tough job for both of them.
It’s safer to start winter climbs at night when there’s less risk of the sun melting the snow pack. That day, they started at 3 a.m., following the paths alongside the ski runs. The temperature was about 14 degrees,and they wore layers they could easily remove, knowing the attempts and efforts would make them warm. Along the way, they met two other climbers, and the four of the group continued on together.
After about five hours,they reached Devil’s Kitchen,a plateau(高原)at about 10，000 feet, just before the final push to the top. By this point, the wind conditions were not quite pleasant. Due to the sharp and chilly wind, Sylvia failed to have her skin exposed, feeling as though it were burning. The other climbers decided to turn back, but Sylvia and Mia went ahead.
The path the two friends followed grew narrower and steeper. At around 9 a.m.,they reached a patch of ice called an ice step. It was about three or four feet tall and sloped at a 75-degree angle. Sylvia volunteered to go first and placed her left foot on the ice step.
Confident she would be safe, Sylvia put her full weight on it. Suddenly, she heard a crack,and a whole slab of ice broke off the step, right under her foot.
In an moment, Sylvia fell backward.
注意：
1.所续写的短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
Sylvia could hear Mia calling her name as she rolled down the mountain.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
When Sylvia woke up, she found herself in a hospital.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Sylvia could hear Mia calling her name as she rolled down the mountain. After a few seconds, Sylvia came to a stop on a shallow slope just above the Devil’s Kitchen. Sylvia had fallen 600 feet. Her clothes were torn into small pieces, her helmet was broken, and her face was bloodied from cuts and scratches. Fortunately, for the most part, Sylvia was fine, except that she was suffering from a sharp, great pain in her left leg. Sylvia yelled for help. Hearing her cry for help, Mel made her way down and other climbers came to assist Sylvia. When Sylvia saw Mel arrive, she fainted in pain.
Paragraph 2:
When Sylvia woke up, she found herself in a hospital. The doctors told Sylvia it would be a year before she could climb again, but she was back on the trails within six months. The fall has made Sylvia more cautious. One slip on a mountain can change everything. But the experience also made Sylvia grow as a person and helped her mature. Since the accident, Sylvia have climbed another 60 mountains. Sylvia is not going to let one fall and its aftermath keep her from doing my favorite thing in the world.
【解析】
【导语】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者从八年级开始就对爬山有兴趣，并且很快爬了近百座山峰。16岁时，作者和朋友Mel Olsen相约去攀登11,240英尺高的胡德山，但在中途过程中，作者意外从山上摔下来的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“西尔维娅从山上滚下来时可以听到米娅在叫她名字。”可知，第一段可描写西尔维娅摔下山后的情况，以及Mel来救她。
②由第二段首句内容“当西尔维亚醒来时，她发现自己在医院里。”可知，第二段可描写西尔维亚在医院醒来后，医生的嘱咐，一年内不能跑山，以及西尔维亚如何克服伤痛，以及她的的感悟。
2. 续写线索：和朋友一起爬山——遇险——大声呼救——医生嘱咐——感悟——重新开始爬山
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①大喊：yell/shout/scream
②帮助：assist/aid/help
③阻止某人做某事：keep sb from doing sth/prevent sb from doing sth
情绪类
①痛苦：agony/pain/suffering
②谨慎的：cautious/careful/prudent
【点睛】[高分句型1]Fortunately, for the most part, Sylvia was fine, except that she was suffering from a sharp, great pain in her left leg.(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]The doctors told Sylvia it would be a year before she could climb again, but she was back on the trails within six months.(before引导的时间状语从句)