山东省潍坊市2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期中试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山东省潍坊市2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期中试题（Word版附解析），共24页。

高三英语
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the woman usually get around?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By taxi.
2. At which place will the speakers probably meet?
A. The classroom. B. The theater. C. The gym.
3. How does the man feel?
A. Apologetic. B. Satisfied. C. Angry. .
4. What does the man want Sara to do?
A. Join a sports team.
B. Attend science class.
C. Do a project together.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Festivals. B. Vacation plans. C. Family life.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Father and daughter. C. Teacher and student.
7. What will the woman focus on this summer?
A. Getting work experience.
B. Preparing herself for college.
C. Training for a driver’s license.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Which book does the man remember from childhood?
A. The Child in Time. B. Under the Dome. C. Moonfleet.
9. How does the man find Catch 22?
A. Inspiring. B. Puzzling. C. Disappointing.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When did the woman last see the man?
A. Last month. B. Last week. C. Yesterday.
11. What was the woman’s hair like in the past?
A Straight. B. Short. C. Long.
12. What does the man mean in the end?
A. He wants to get his hair cut.
B. He intends to ask the woman out.
C. He dislikes the woman’s hairstyle.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where are the speakers probably?
A. In the classroom.
B. In the man’s room.
C. In the dinning room.
14. What is the man doing on his computer?
A. Doing his homework.
B. Buying concert tickets.
C Playing computer games.
15. What type of music does the woman like?
A. Rap. B. Rock. C. K-pop.
16. What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Buy him a record.
B. Tell a “white lie” for him.
C. Turn off the computer for him.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. In which department does Jonathan Santo teach?
A. Psychology. B. Sociology. C. Philosophy.
18. What was the finding about the statistics class?
A. Male students were cleverer.
B. Female students scored higher.
C. Male students were more anxious.
19. Why could Frances understand the class better?
A. She got help from others.
B. She spent more time online.
C. She bought more study materials.
20. What is Frances’s advice on getting past barriers?
A. Set up a goal for themselves.
B. Think over before asking help.
C. Turn to others with similar problems.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A new version of a student loan forgiveness application will be officially launched by the Education Department later this month. It is to cancel up to $10,000 in debt for those earning less than $125,000 per year and up to $20,000 for those who received Pell Grants. It will not forgive any student loan debt under the debt relief plan prior to October 23, 2022.
How long the application will be up: The department is offering periodic access to the form—so borrowers may have to refresh the site page or keep checking back. The application will be available through Dec. 31, 2023
What the application asks for: It requires only basic information, including name, birth date, Social Security number, phone number and an e-mail address. Borrowers will not need what’s known as an FSA ID to log into the application, nor will they need to upload any documents, including tax records.
Will borrowers need to prove they meet the plan’s income requirements? Instead of providing documents that confirm you, as an individual, earned $125,000 in 2020 or 2021 or, as a couple, less than $250, 000, the application simply asks borrowers to check a box to guarantee under the laws that all information provided on this form is true and correct.
How long will it take to process each application? A matter of weeks. The department wants to relieve as many debts as possible before student loan payments restart in January.
1. What is the aim of the student loan forgiveness application?
A. To advocate Pell Grant. B. To give students a reward.
C. To increase family incomes. D. To ease the debt burden.
2. What is a must for applicants?
A. Submitting a paper form. B. Uploading the tax records.
C. Providing true information. D. Paying off the loan before January.
3. What is the text?
A. An advertisement. B. A loan handbook.
C. An official report. D. A department work plan.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了新版学生贷款减免申请相关事项。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A new version of a student loan forgiveness application will be officially launched by the Education Department later this month. It is to cancel up to $10,000 in debt for those earning less than $125,000 per year and up to $20,000 for those who received Pell Grants.(教育部将于本月晚些时候正式推出新版学生贷款减免申请。对于年收入低于12.5万美元的学生，将取消高达1万美元的债务;对于获得佩尔助学金的学生，将取消高达2万美元的债务)”以及最后一段“The department wants to relieve as many debts as possible before student loan payments restart in January.(该部门希望在1月份重新开始偿还学生贷款之前，尽可能多地减轻债务)”可推知，学生贷款减免申请的目的是减轻债务负担。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It requires only basic information, including name, birth date, Social Security number, phone number and an e-mail address. (它只需要基本信息，包括姓名、出生日期、社保号、电话号码和电子邮件地址)”以及第四段中“Instead of providing documents that confirm you, as an individual, earned $125,000 in 2020 or 2021 or, as a couple, less than $250, 000, the application simply asks borrowers to check a box to guarantee under the laws that all information provided on this form is true and correct.(该申请没有提供证明文件，证明你作为个人在2020年或2021年的收入为12.5万美元，或者作为夫妇，在不到25万美元的收入，而是要求借款人在一个方框中打勾，以确保根据法律，该表格上提供的所有信息都是真实和正确的)”可知，申请人必须提供真实的信息。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“A new version of a student loan forgiveness application will be officially launched by the Education Department later this month.(教育部将于本月晚些时候正式推出新版学生贷款减免申请)”以及每段粗体字部分“How long the application will be up(申请将持续多长时间)”；“What the application asks for(申请要求)”；“Will borrowers need to prove they meet the plan’s income requirements?(借款人需要证明他们符合该计划的收入要求吗?)”以及“How long will it take to process each application?(处理每份申请需要多长时间?)”可知，本文主要介绍了学生贷款减免申请相关事项，所以是一篇广告。故选A项。
B
Open-air jazz, locally-grown vegetables, Focaccia bread, goat cheese, and Narcan training all competed against a rainstorm last Tuesday at Westside Farmers Market’s annual College Night.
And the vendors (商贩) held out pretty well. Even as the raindrops intensified, folks kept exploring the tables stationed in the parking lot of St. Monica Church. Among the crowd were a number of college students, mostly from the University of Rochester, likely brought in by the College Night awards being offered — a five-dollar token (购物券), a handbag, and a prize raffle entry, all free of charge.
Now in its 15th year, Westside volunteer Jackie Farrell said the market partners merely with local farms, businesses, and community groups to populate its tables. “Our mission really is to serve the people in the community, getting them health and nutrition information, and connecting them to the farmers who grow the produce,” Farrell said, “Everything has to be local. It’s a producer-only market, so you have to grow or produce whatever you’re going to sell here.” Those producers had diverse offerings. Vegetables, of course, were abundant but sellers also pushed cheeses, spreads, bread, prepared pasta dishes, and much more.
The community groups offering information were diverse too. Recovery All Ways, a local nonprofit with a stated “mission to support anyone affected by substance use disorder” handed out Narcan and trained people in its use. Their station was next to a Moms Demand Action tent, where staffers provided information on physical safety. SNAP-Ed nutrition and benefits educators also ran a table.
The activities of the stations were scored by live music. The University’s Midnight Ramblers performed, and a local jazz band played away as the rain showers started rolling in.
Farrell hoped that the College Night promotion would help make students more comfortable crossing the bridge into the Rochester community. “We love college students, and we keep encouraging them that all they have to do is go across the bridge.”
4. What attracted college students to the College Night?
A. Free prizes. B. Scenery in the rain.
C. Interesting books. D. Featured goods.
5. What is the characteristic of Westside Farmers Market?
A. It is managed by farmers themselves.
B. Its visitors are mostly university students.
C. Its offerings are locally grown or prepared.
D. Farmers provide more vegetables than corn.
6. Which of the following can best describe the College Night?
A. Crowded and chaotic. B. Busy and festive.
C. Luxurious and splendid. D. Romantic and peaceful.
7. What might be a suitable title for the text?
A. Westside Farmers Market is flowering rapidly
B. College Night channels products to community
C. College Night bridges university and community
D. Westside Farmers Market is expanding nationwide
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是西区农贸市场大学之夜的促销活动，大学之夜将大学生与当地的社区联系在一起，架起了两者之间联系的桥梁。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Among the crowd were a number of college students, mostly from the University of Rochester, likely brought in by the College Night awards being offered — a five-dollar token (购物券), a handbag, and a prize raffle entry, all free of charge.(人群中有一些大学生，大部分来自罗切斯特大学，他们可能是被大学之夜提供的奖品带来的——一个5美元的购物券，一个手提包和一个奖品抽奖，所有的都是免费的)”可知，吸引大学生来参加大学之夜的是一些免费的奖品。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Now in its 15th year, Westside volunteer Jackie Farrell said the market partners merely with local farms, businesses, and community groups to populate its tables. “Our mission really is to serve the people in the community, getting them health and nutrition information, and connecting them to the farmers who grow the produce,” Farrell said, “Everything has to be local. It’s a producer-only market, so you have to grow or produce whatever you’re going to sell here.”(西区志愿者Jackie Farrell说，现在是该市场成立的第15个年头，该市场只是与当地农场、企业和社区团体合作。法雷尔说：“我们的使命真的是为社区的人们服务，向他们提供健康和营养信息，并将他们与种植农产品的农民联系起来。一切都必须本地化。这是一个只有生产者的市场，所以你必须种植或生产你要在这里销售的任何东西。”)”可知，西区农贸市场的特点是它的产品是在当地种植的或事先准备好的。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Open-air jazz, locally-grown vegetables, Focaccia bread, gout cheese, and Narcan training all competed against a rainstorm last Tuesday at Westside Farmers Market’s annual College Night.(上周二，在西区农贸市场一年一度的大学之夜，露天爵士乐、当地种植的蔬菜、佛卡夏面包、痛风奶酪和纳尔康训练都同暴风雨展开了竞争)”以及文章第四段“The community groups offering information were diverse too. SNAP-Ed nutrition and benefits educators also ran a table.(提供信息的社区团体也是多样化的)”以及“SNAP-Ed nutrition and benefits educators also ran a table.(SNAP-Ed的营养和福利教育工作者也摆了一张桌子)”及文章倒数第二段“The activities of the stations was scored by live music. The University’s Midnight Ramblers performed, and a local jazz band played away as the rain showers started rolling in.(电台的活动由现场音乐配乐。大学的午夜漫步者(Midnight Ramblers)进行了表演，当地的一支爵士乐队在倾盆大雨中继续演奏)”可知，大学之夜的特点是忙碌的和充满节日气氛的。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Farrell hoped that the College Night promotion would help make students more comfortable crossing the bridge into the Rochester community. “We love college students, and we keep encouraging them that all they have to do is go across the bridge.”(Farrell希望“大学之夜”的促销活动能帮助学生们更轻松地穿过大桥进入罗切斯特社区。“我们爱大学生，我们一直鼓励他们，他们所要做的就是穿过这座桥。”)”以及文章前面几段的内容可知，文章主要围绕着大学之夜的促销活动来展开，大学之夜将大学生与当地的社区联系在一起，架起了两者之间联系的桥梁。由此可知，C项College Night bridges university and community概括文章内容，作为标题最为合适。故选C项。
C
Electronics woven (编织) into fabrics promise to open up all kinds of interesting possibilities, from clothing that monitors muscle activity and tracks breathing, to garments that can talk to one another. Developing pliable power sources to go with them is an equally important field of research, so scientists at the University of British Columbia have put forward a particularly impressive solution that they say could be the first ever battery that is both stretchable and washable.
To develop a battery with such capabilities, the scientists reimagined the way these devices are put together. Rather than forming a lithium-ion battery packed with hardened materials inside a rigid exterior, the team turned to an alternative chemistry in zinc-manganese (锌锰) dioxide, which is appealing for its low cost and safety. These materials were ground down into tiny pieces and inset in a polymer (聚合物) to form very thin and stretchable layers.
“We went with zinc-manganese because for devices worn next to the skin, it’s a safer chemistry than lithium-ion batteries, which can produce deadly compounds when they break,” says Nguyen.
The resulting battery is flexible and can be stretched to twice its normal length, has a specific capacity of 160 mAh g-1 and keeps 75 percent of its capacity over 500 charge and discharge cycles. Impressively, the team found the battery to withstand 39 wash cycles so far.
The team is now working to improve the power output and lifetime of the battery, and says the creation has already attracted commercial interest, with the cost expected to be similar to a standard rechargeable battery. They imagine it being put to use in watches and patches that measure vital signs, and in smart clothing that does much the same thing.
8. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “pliable” in paragraph 1?
A. Strong. B. Multiple. C. Reliable. D. Flexible.
9. What was a major consideration for introducing zinc—manganese battery?
A. Safety. B. Hardness. C. Comfortableness. D. Convenience.
10. Which aspect of the new battery impressed the researchers in paragraph 4?
A. Its washability. B. Its stretch length.
C. Its massive capacity. D. Its charge speed.
11. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Electronic clothing is well received.
B. Clothing fitted with new battery is on the way.
C. Clothing-friendly battery can be put through wash.
D Electronics woven into fabrics open up possibilities.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款即可拉伸又可以清洗的电池。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Developing pliable power sources to go with them is an equally important field of research, so scientists at the University of British Columbia have put forward a particularly impressive solution that they say could be the first ever battery that is both stretchable and washable.(开发与之配套的柔韧电源是一个同样重要的研究领域，因此，英属哥伦比亚大学的科学家们提出了一个特别令人印象深刻的解决方案，他们说，这可能是有史以来第一个既可拉伸又可洗涤的电池。)”以及文章第四段“The resulting battery is flexible and can be stretched to twice its normal length,(这种电池很灵活，可以拉伸到正常长度的两倍，)”可以推测划线词的意思应是“灵活的”。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Rather than forming a lithium-ion battery packed with hardened materials inside a rigid exterior, the team turned to an alternative chemistry in zinc-manganese (锌锰) dioxide, which is appealing for its low cost and safety.(该团队没有在坚硬的外壳内用硬化材料填充锂离子电池，而是转向了zinc-manganese (锌锰) dioxide中的一种替代化学物质，这种化学物质因其低成本和安全而备受青睐。)”可知介绍锌锰电池的一个主要考虑因素是这款电池的安全性。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Impressively, the team found the battery to withstand 39 wash cycles so far.(令人印象深刻的是，该团队发现该电池迄今为止可以承受39次洗涤循环。)”可知新电池给研究人员留下了深刻印象的方面是它的可洗性。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段“Developing pliable power sources to go with them is an equally important field of research, so scientists at the University of British Columbia have put forward a particularly impressive solution that they say could be the first ever battery that is both stretchable and washable.(开发与之配套的柔韧电源是一个同样重要的研究领域，因此，英属哥伦比亚大学的科学家们提出了一个特别令人印象深刻的解决方案，他们说，这可能是有史以来第一个既可拉伸又可洗涤的电池。)”引出话题，文章二、三段主要讲科学家们在研究这款电池方面所做出的努力，第四、五段主要讲这款电池的特点，最后一段讲的是科学家们正在努力提高电池的功率输出和使用寿命以及它的使用前景，所以文章主要围绕一款适合衣服使用的电池来展开。故选C项。
D
Though researchers have long known that adults build unconscious (无意识的) preferences over a lifetime of making choices between things that are essentially the same, the new finding that even babies engage in this phenomenon demonstrates that this way of justifying choice is intuitive (凭直觉的) and somehow fundamental to the human experience.
“The act of making a choice changes how we feel about our options,” said Alex Silver, a Johns Hopkins researcher. “Even infants who are really just at the start of making choices for themselves have this preference.”
The findings are published today in the journal Psychological Science. People assume they choose things that they like. But research suggests that’s sometimes backwards: we like things because we choose them. And, we dislike things that we don’t choose. “Adults make these inferences unconsciously,” said co-author Lisa Feigenson, a Johns Hopkins scientist in child development. “We justify our choice after the fact.”
This makes sense for adults in a consumer culture who must make random choices every day, between everything from toothpaste brands to styles of jeans. The question was when exactly people start doing this. So they turned to babies, who don’t get many choices so, as Feigenson puts it, are “a perfect window into the origin of this tendency.”
The team brought 10-to 20-month-old babies into the lab and gave them a choice of objects to play with; two equally bright and colorful soft blocks. They set them far apart, so the babies had to crawl to one or the other — a random choice. After the baby chose one of the toys, the researchers took it away and came back with a new option. The babies could then pick from the toy they didn’t play with the first time, or a brand new toy. Their choices showed they “dis-prefer the unchosen object.”
To continue studying the evolution of choice in babies, the lab will next look at the idea of “choice overload.” For adults, choice is good, but too many choices can be a problem, so the lab will try to determine if that is also true for babies.
12. What is people’s assumption about the act of making choices?
A. They like what they choose.
B. They choose what they like.
C. They base choices on the fact.
D. They make choices thoughtfully.
13. Why were babies selected as subjects for the study?
A. To help them make better choices.
B. To guide them to perceive the world.
C. To track the root of making random choices.
D. To deepen the understanding of a consumer culture.
14. What does the study on the babies show?
A. They like novel objects.
B. Their choices are mostly based on colors.
C. Their random choices become preferences.
D. They are unable to make choices for themselves.
15. What will the following study focus on?
A. The law of “choice overload”.
B. The problem of adults’ many choices.
C. Why too many choices can influence adults.
D. Whether babies are troubled with many choices.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了成年人在一生中在本质上相同的事物之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好，科学家就“婴儿在选择的过程中会基于自己的喜好吗”展开了研究。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Though researchers have long known that adults build unconscious (无意识的) preferences over a lifetime of making choices between things that are essentially the same, the new finding that even babies engage in this phenomenon demonstrates that this way of justifying choice is intuitive (凭直觉的) and somehow fundamental to the human experience. (尽管研究人员早就知道，成年人在一生中在本质上相同的事物之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好，但即使是婴儿也会参与这一现象的新发现表明，这种证明选择合理性的方式是凭直觉的，而且在某种程度上是人类经验的基础)”和第三段中的“People assume they choose things that they like. (人们认为他们选择自己喜欢的东西)”可知，人们对选择行为的假设就是人们选择自己喜欢的。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“So they turned to babies, who don’t get many choices so, as Feigenson puts it, are “a perfect window into the origin of this tendency.”(因此，他们转向了婴儿，婴儿没有太多选择，所以，正如费根森所说，这是“一个了解这种倾向起源的完美窗口”)”可知，选择婴儿作为研究对象是因为婴儿是追踪随机选择的根源。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。由第五段“The team brought 10-to 20-month-old babies into the lab and gave them a choice of objects to play with; two equally bright and colorful soft blocks. They set them far apart, so the babies had to crawl to one or the other — a random choice. After the baby chose one of the toys, the researchers took it away and came back with a new option. The babies could then pick from the toy they didn’t play with the first time, or a brand new toy. Their choices showed they “dis-prefer the unchosen object.”(研究小组将10到20个月大的婴儿带进实验室，让他们选择玩的物品；两块同样明亮多彩的软块。他们把它们隔开很远，所以婴儿们不得不爬到其中一个或另一个——随机选择。当婴儿选择了其中一个玩具后，研究人员将其拿走，并带着一个新的选择回来。然后，婴儿们可以从他们第一次没有玩过的玩具中挑选，或者挑选一个全新的玩具。他们的选择表明，他们“不喜欢未被选择的对象”)”可知，婴儿们不喜欢自己没有选过的玩具，说明他们喜欢自己选过的东西，可得出他们的随机选择变成了偏好。故选C项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一段中的“For adults, choice is good, but too many choices can be a problem, so the lab will try to determine if that is also true for babies. (对于成年人来说，选择是好的，但选择太多可能是一个问题，因此实验室将尝试确定婴儿是否也是如此)”可知，接下来实验室研究重点是“婴儿是否会被太多选择困扰”。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
To put into words my time in Antarctica and South Georgia is nearly impossible. I had always described it as a once in a lifetime experience, but as soon as I stepped foot on the continent, I immediately knew I needed to return.
____16____ About 50% of the passengers of our expedition (远征) had been to Antarctica at least once before. This goes to show just how magical of a destination it is.
All your senses will be stimulated...is the best way I can describe the time on the white continent. How tiny you feel next to towering glaciers and icebergs. The icy water moving through your body as you take the infamous Polar Plunge. The learning of heart-touching stories of survival from explorers of the past. ____17____
Antarctica makes you feel so small and insignificant, in the best way. ____18____ You get front row seats to witness the most incredible show: nature. It is as much beautiful as is it cruel. Like seeing a brown skua (贼鸥) attacking a penguin chick. Your heart aches. Then your expedition guide regretfully tells you that a chick that is small in March would have very slim chances of surviving the upcoming winter. The cycle continues, and you’re left wondering who to root for.
Things move fast in Antarctica, and every month offers something really unique and special to see. In March, the weather is a bit more unpredictable, and the sea ice is beginning to form again. ____19____ In two more weeks, expedition ships would not be able to break through the ice.
The penguins are completing their yearly feather-changing process. ____20____ The expedition team made sure we kept our distance and did not scare them into hiding under freezing water.
These animals, arguably the cutest you will ever see, survive such unfavorable environments. It’s absolutely incredible to witness the challenges, the skill, the efforts, all of it. I am forever grateful to have been a visitor.
A. The list goes on.
B. But this is not always the case.
C. Our voyage was the last of the season.
D. I was not the only one who felt this way.
E. I, years later, did return to this fascinating place.
F. They are really weak during this time and cannot dive.
G. Everything has a purpose, and the cycle of life is evident.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. G 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在南极洲的各种见闻以及在南极洲的感受。
【16题详解】
根据上文“I had always described it as a once in a lifetime experience, but as soon as I stepped foot on the continent, I immediately knew I needed to return. (我一直把它描述为一生一次的经历，但我一踏上这块大陆，就立刻知道我需要回去。)”以及下文内容“About 50% of the passengers of our expedition (远征) had been to Antarctica at least once before. This goes to show just how magical of a destination it is.(我们远征中大约50%的乘客以前至少去过南极洲一次。这说明了它是一个多么神奇的目的地。)”可知，有很多人都不是第一次去南极洲，也就是想再去南极洲的人不止作者一个。选项D“I was not the only one who felt this way.(我不是唯一有这种感觉的人。)”与下文内容一致。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文内容“How tiny you feel next to towering glaciers and icebergs. The icy water moving through your body as you take the infamous Polar Plunge. The learning of heart-touching stories of survival from explorers of the past.(在高耸的冰川和冰山旁，你会觉得自己多么渺小。当你进行极富盛名的极地跳水时，冰冷的水穿过你的身体。从过去的探险家那里学习感人的生存故事。)”可知，上文提到的是作者在南极洲时的各种体验。选项A“The list goes on. (这样的例子不胜枚举。)是对上文的总结，同时也说明作者的感慨颇多。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据下文“You get front row seats to witness the most incredible show: nature. It is as much beautiful as is it cruel. Like seeing a brown skua (贼鸥) attacking a penguin chick. Your heart aches. Then your expedition guide regretfully tells you that a chick that is small in March would have very slim chances of surviving the upcoming winter. The cycle continues, and you’re left wondering who to root for.(你可以近距离地见证到最不可思议的表演：大自然。它既美丽又残酷。比如看到一只棕色贼鸥攻击一只小企鹅。你很心痛。然后你的探险向导遗憾地告诉你，三月里还小的小企鹅在即将到来的冬天里生存的机会非常渺茫。这样的循环还在继续，你还在想该支持谁。)可知，大自然以自己的方式延续下去。选项G“Everything has a purpose, and the cycle of life is evident.(万物皆有目的，生命的循环是显而易见的。)”引出下文，与段意一致。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下文“In two more weeks, expedition ships would not be able to break through the ice.(再过两个星期，探险船就无法破冰了。)”可知，再过两个星期，探险船就无法进入南极洲。选项C“Our voyage was the last of the season. (我们的航行是这个季节的最后一次。)”与下文内容一致。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据空前“The penguins are completing their yearly feather-changing process.(企鹅们正在完成一年一度的羽毛更换过程。)”以及下文“The expedition team made sure we kept our distance and did not scare them into hiding under freezing water.(探险队确保我们保持距离，没有吓到它们躲在冰冷的水中。)”可知，本段主要讲述了企鹅，空前说的是企鹅正在换羽毛；下文说探险队不能惊吓企鹅，以防落水。根据上下文可推测，此时的企鹅落水会有危险。选项F“They are really weak during this time, and cannot dive. (它们在这段时间非常虚弱，不能潜水。)”与本段内容一致。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was having a hard time trying to find work. The economy in our area was in pretty ____21____ shape. And I was ____22____ for what to do next when I answered the online ____23____.
NEEDED: someone to cut and split (劈) wood.
I drove to the address and there on the front field was a huge ____24____ Elm tree blown by strong winds. An old lady was sitting ____25____ at the door. We ____26____ on $150 to do the job.
The old Elm was tougher than I had ____27____. My chainsaw (电锯) cut it fine, but when I tried to split it, my chainsaw was ____28____. So I had to borrow a wood splitter from her neighbour.
I managed to finish the task at dusk. As she looked at the huge pile of wood on the lawn, an ____29____ expression worked its way across her face. She invited me in for ______30______. With tears building up in her eyes, she ______31______ me a sandwich and said, “I am sorry... the $150 I promised to pay you is going ______32______. I had it in my purse but nowhere to be found. That is what ______33______ money I have saved for half a year.”
Seeing her home was not ______34______, I realized she was having a hardship worse than I. I comforted her and then ______35______ what firewood would fit into her wood storage room.
On the way home I thought to myself… “It Is What It Is”.
21. A. rough B. unique C. different D. active
22. A. at a time B. at a loss C. in a way D. in the mood
23. A. course B. platform C. advertisement D. activity
24. A. growing B. upstanding C. rotten D. fallen
25. A. helplessly B. happily C. thoughtfully D. leisurely
26. A. insisted B. agreed C. looked D. depended
27. A. anticipated B. mentioned C. remembered D. experienced
28. A. unusual B. sharp C. useless D. faultless
29. A. astonished B. annoyed C. abstract D. anxious
30. A. breath B. dinner C. shift D. money
31. A. served B. returned C. owed D. bought
32. A. fast B. short C. missing D. shopping
33. A. extra B. remaining C. much D. little
34. A. attractive B. old-fashioned C. decent D. secure
35. A. piled B. changed C. backed D. broke
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为找不到工作，只好在网上接些临工广告。作者接到一个被大风吹倒的大树需要伐木的生意，作者伐完木之后，老妇人积攒了半年并答应作者应付的150美元不见了。作者看到老妇人不太体面的家庭，意识到她比自己更困难。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们这个地区的经济状况相当糟糕。 A. rough艰难的；B. unique独特的；C. different不同的；D. active积极的。根据“I was having a hard time trying to find work.”可知，作者找工作困难，说明经济状况相当糟糕。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：当我去接网络广告时，我不知道下一步该做什么。A. at a time每次；B. at a loss不知所措；C. in a way在某种程度上；D. in the mood心情好。根据“what to do next”可知，作者在网上接一些活，具体下一步做什么，作者不知所措。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我去接网络广告时，我不知道下一步该做什么。A. course过程；B. platform平台；C. advertisement广告；D. activity活动。根据“NEEDED: someone to cut and split (劈) wood.”可知，作者是在网上接一些临工广告。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开车去了那个地址，前面的空地上有一棵巨大的榆树被强风吹倒了。A. growing增强的；B. upstanding正直的；C. rotten腐烂的；D. fallen落下的。根据“Elm tree blown by strong winds.”和常识可知，大树是被强风吹倒的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：一位老妇人无助地坐在门口。 A. helplessly无助地；B. happily快乐地；C. thoughtfully深思地；D. leisurely休闲地。根据“NEEDED: someone to cut and split (劈) wood.”可知，老妇人登广告找人伐木，说明她当时是无助的。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们同意150美元做这项工作。A. insisted坚持；B. agreed同意；C. looked看；D. depended依靠。根据“I am sorry... the $150 I promised to pay you is going _____12_____.”可知，老妇人同意花150美元让作者做这项工作。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老榆树比我预期的要结实。 A. anticipated预期；B. mentioned提及；C. remembered记得；D. experienced体验。根据“So I had to borrow a wood splitter from her neighbour.”可知，作者不得不借劈柴器，说明老榆树比作者预期的要结实。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的电锯切得很好，但当我想把它劈开时，我的电锯就没用了。A. unusual异常的；B. sharp灵敏的；C. useless无用的；D. faultless完美的。根据“So I had to borrow a wood splitter from her neighbour.”可知，作者的电锯没有用，所以不得不借劈柴器。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她看着草坪上那一大堆木头时，一种焦虑的表情掠过她的脸庞。 A. astonished惊讶的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. abstract抽象的；D. anxious焦急的。根据“With tears building up in her eyes, she _____11_____ me a sandwich and said, “I am sorry... the $150 I promised to pay you is going _____12_____. I had it in my purse but nowhere to be found. That is what _____13_____ money I have saved for half a year.””可知，老妇人答应给作者的150美元不见了，所以当时的状态是焦虑的。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她邀请我进去吃晚饭。A. breath呼吸；B. dinner晚餐；C. shift轮班；D. money金钱。根据“I managed to finish the task at dusk.”可知，作者在黄昏时完成了任务，所以老妇人邀请作者吃晚饭。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她眼里满是泪水，递给我一个三明治，说：“对不起……我答应付给你的150美元不见了。我把它放在包里，但哪儿也找不到。这是我半年来存的一点钱。”A. served服务；招待；B. returned返回；C. owed把……归功于；D. bought买。根据“She invited me in for _____10_____.”可知，老妇人用三明治招待作者。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：她眼里满是泪水，递给我一个三明治，说：“对不起……我答应付给你的150美元不见了。我把它放在包里，但哪儿也找不到。这是我半年来存的一点钱。”A. fast快的；B. short短的；C. missing丢失的； D. shopping购买。根据“I had it in my purse but nowhere to be found.”可知，老妇人的150美元不见了。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她眼里满是泪水，递给我一个三明治，说：“对不起……我答应付给你的150美元不见了。我把它放在包里，但哪儿也找不到。这是我半年来存的一点钱。”A. extra额外的；B. remaining剩余的；C. much多的；D. little少的，一点。根据“I have saved for half a year.”可知，150美元是老妇人半年来才存的一点钱。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到她的家不体面，我意识到她的困难比我更严重。 A. attractive有吸引力的；B. old-fashioned老式的；C. decent体面的；D. secure安全的。根据“I realized she was having a hardship worse than I.”可知，老妇人的家是不体面的。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我安慰她，然后把能装下的柴火堆进她的木头储藏室。A. piled堆积；B. changed改变；C. backed后退；D. broke打破。根据“what firewood would fit into her wood storage room.”可知，作者帮助老妇人把劈下来的木材堆进她的木头储藏室里。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it comes to ancient civilizations, most people think of the Greeks and Romans. It’s understandable as both ____36____ (shape) modern society in some way so far, whether it be their social, cultural, or political influences. However, dozens of civilizations had been around long ____37____ the Greeks and Romans, the lesser-known Jiahu people ____38____ (include).
The Jiahu settlement is located in the central plain of ancient China, ____39____ area known today as the Henan Province. The people created the country’s oldest recognized civilization. The area is rich in artifacts, ____40____ (make) it an archaeologist’s dream. Apart from the usual finds, people have uncovered records of the earliest examples of Chinese writing and proof ____41____ they were producers of the world’s oldest wine. Another remarkable discoveries was the oldest working bone flutes (长笛). ____42____ (typical) carved from the wing bone of a crane, they were most likely used in special ceremonies. Rough weaving tools and bone needles also ____43____ (unearth) from the site, indicating that Jiahu residents may have possessed basic weaving and sewing skills 8,500 years ago.
The settlement’s end came around 5700 BCE when the nearby rivers overflowed and flooded the area. It is assumed that the Jiahu people left their home ____44____ (settle) elsewhere, even though there is no indication as to _____45_____ that might have been.
【答案】36. have shaped
37. before 38. included
39. an 40. making
41. that 42. Typically
43. were unearthed
44. to settle
45. where
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了贾湖文明的相关情况。
【36题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是可以理解的，因为到目前为止，无论是社会、文化还是政治影响，两者都以某种方式塑造了现代社会。结合时间状语so far可知，谓语动词shape用现在完成时，主语both复数，谓语复数形式。故填have shaped。
【37题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：然而，早在希腊人和罗马人之前，就有几十种文明存在，包括不太为人所知的贾湖人。long before (很久以前)。故填before。
【38题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：然而，早在希腊人和罗马人之前，就有几十种文明存在，包括不太为人所知的贾湖人。分析可知，逻辑主语the lesser-known Jiahu people和非谓语动词include是被动关系，include用过去分词作后置定语。故填included。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：贾湖聚落位于中国古代中部平原，今天被称为河南省的一块地区。此处泛指“一块地区”，area以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
【40题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：该地区文物丰富，是考古学家的梦想。分析可知make用非谓语形式，该空后面是前句造成的自然而然、意料之中的结果，make用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。
【41题详解】
考查同位语从句连接词。句意：除了通常的发现，人们还发现了中国文字的最早例子，并证明他们是世界上最古老的葡萄酒的生产者。空后句子是同位语从句，解释说明抽象名词proof的具体内容，从句不缺成分和意义，用只起连接作用的that。故填that。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：它们通常是由鹤的翼骨雕刻而成，很可能用于特殊仪式。副词typically作状语，修饰后面动词短语，首字母大写。故填Typically。
【43题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：该遗址还出土了粗糙的编织工具和骨针，表明贾湖居民可能在8500年前就掌握了基本的编织和缝纫技能。讲述过去的事情，主语Rough weaving tools and bone needles和谓语动词unearth是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语复数，谓语复数形式。故填were unearthed。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。句意：据推测，贾湖人离开家乡到别处定居，尽管没有迹象表明可能定居在哪里。settle用不定式做目的状语。故填to settle。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句连接词。句意：据推测，贾湖人离开家乡到别处定居，尽管没有迹象表明可能定居在哪里。介词短语as to (关于)，后接宾语从句，表地点，在从句中做表语，用连接副词where。故填where。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英文报Youth拟以“感恩父母”为主题向全校学生征文。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.父母的付出;
2.你的回报行动。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Gratitude to My Parents
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【答案】Gratitude to My Parents
My parents are the ones loving me most in the world, who care about the details of my life, provide guidance for my growth, and offer timely help when necessary. In a word, I credit all that I have to them.
In return for their devotion, I am willing to do whatever makes them feel loved. Being admitted into my dream university is on the top of the list. Furthermore, I will do my little bit, such as doing some housework and taking more time to keep them company.
I am confident that, through my efforts, I can make them happier and even prouder of me one day.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考试以“感恩父母”为主题写一篇短文。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
关心：care about→take care of
提供：provide→supply
总之：In a word→In short
另外：Furthermore→Moreover
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Being admitted into my dream university is on the top of the list.
拓展句：That I will be admitted into my dream university is on the top of the list.
【点睛】[高分句型1]My parents are the ones loving me most in the world, who care about the details of my life, provide guidance for my growth, and offer timely help when necessary.(who引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]In return for their devotion, I am willing to do whatever makes them feel loved.(whatever引导的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On the Friday after Thanksgiving, the busiest shopping day of the year, I went for breakfast in downtown Little Rock.
Even at 8 a. m. there was a waiting line at the cafe. Customers stood in groups, chatting and rubbing their cold hands together, waiting to share a hot breakfast and more conversation before pouring into the stores for bargains. I could feel the cheery excitement of the holidays, but it was tied with the usual stress that spoils the season with layers of anxiety and tiredness.
Finally, I was seated by a large window. I noticed that it had begun to rain lightly outside. “Oh, no,” I complained. “I’m going to be dashing around in the rain. Shopping will be messy today!” I heard others complaining, too.
Then, out of the corner of my eye, I noticed an elderly man on the other side of the window, making his way carefully down the sidewalk. He was carrying a black umbrella in his left hand, sheltering himself from the rain, and balancing several brooms (扫帚) on his right shoulder. Beneath a thin gray coat, he was dressed in a brown pants. A striped ski cap protected his head and thick glasses covered his eyes. As I watched, he smiled and stepped politely aside to allow a couple to rush by.
“Who’s that?” I asked the waitress.
“That’s Melvin. He’s been walking these streets for years and years. I’ve heard he put several orphans through college selling those brooms. He’s almost blind and in his seventies, but he keeps on keeping on. I don’t know how he does it. Everybody buys brooms from him. He lives a poor life but he was a wonderful person. People here have always been good to him.”
Suddenly I was curious. This dear man could hardly see. Selling brooms on the streets could not earn good money. Melvin was the one who needed help! “So how do he help people?” I asked frankly.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then Melvin walked slowly into the restaurant.
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We chatted over the breakfast.
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【答案】Just then Melvin walked slowly into the restaurant. Waiting customers smiled and cleared the way for him. A few shook his hand. Others patted his shoulder as he moved quietly from table to table, smiling and asking, “Do you need a broom today?” Several frequenters bought from him and rose to pile their new brooms near the doorway. He gestured toward his brooms by the door. “I’m grateful for what you did for me.” At the scene, I was deeply touched by this man and his story. I ordered him a breakfast and asked him to sit next to me.
We chatted over the breakfast. From our interactions I learned that he always chose the path of gratitude and service, even though there was much he could have complained about, not like the rest of us... well, at least me, who complained just because we had to go shopping in the rain. He also shared that he was earning nearly enough to fund another orphan through college and he was doing his bit to make the world better. He really made me feel humbled, and it was then that I decided to be intentionally positive and become a better person.
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了感恩节后的那个星期五，作者去小石市中心的吃早餐时的一次邂逅经历。早上八点的时候，人们已经在咖啡馆门口排队，等着分享一顿热腾腾的早餐。最终，作者坐在一个大窗户旁边。此时的窗外开始下起了小雨。听着旁边人们对天气的埋怨，作者看到了窗外小心翼翼地沿着人行道走着的梅尔文。他左手拿雨伞，右肩上扛着一些扫帚。从服务员口中作者得知，梅尔文靠买扫帚供几个孤儿上大学。而他自己过的很贫穷。作者想到在街上卖扫帚赚不到很多钱。于是问道“那他是怎么帮助别人的？”
【详解】1. 段落续写
①根据第一段首句“就在这时，梅尔文慢慢地走进了餐厅。”可知，接下来可以描述梅尔文进到餐馆后询问吃早餐的人是否需要扫帚。一些人买下了扫帚，对此梅尔文很感激。作者对此很感动，所以为梅尔文点了餐，让他坐在自己旁边。
②根据第二段首句“我们边吃早餐边聊天。”可知，接下来可以描述通的过聊天，让作者了解到梅尔文故事，同时也让作者得到感悟：要向梅尔文一样，要变得积极，成为一个更好的人。
2. 续写线索
走近餐厅——询问——感动——点餐——一起吃法、聊天——了解梅尔文——自己的感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
让路：clear the way for/make the way for/hurry out of the way
安静地：quietly/softly/noiselessly
订购：order/book/reserve
情绪类
感动的：touched/moved/affected
感激的：be grateful/show his gratitude/show his appreciation
【点睛】【高分句型1】Others patted his shoulder as he moved quietly from table to table, smiling and asking, “Do you need a broom today?” （运用了as引导的时间状语从句和现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】 I’m grateful for what you did for me.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）
听力答案：1-5 ABCCB 6-10 BBCCA 11-15 CABBC 16-20 BABAC