山东省烟台市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山东省烟台市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了考试结束后，只交答题卡等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年度第二学期期末学业水平诊断
高二英语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，只交答题卡。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分)(7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman probably. want to know?
A. What the man did yesterday.
B. When the man visited his sister.
C. Where the man watched a movie.
2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Mother and son B. Fellow passengers. C. Conductor and passenger.
3. How many bags does the woman have?
A:2. B. 3. C. 5.
4. Why does Steven arrive at school late?
A. He didn’t catch the bus.
B. He didn’t wake up on time.
C. No one drove him to school.
5. What does the man think of his current life?
A. Satisfactory. B. Just, so-so. C. Disappointing.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分(22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When did Liu Dong start running?
A. At 10. B. At 13. C. At 80.
7. What kind of news does Mary like to read?
A. Sports. B. Education. C. Current events.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. If the ride is 5 kilometers, how much will the woman pay?
A. $14. B. $12. C. $10.
9. What is the woman going to do next?
A. Pick up a person. B. Go sightseeing. C. Go on a business trip.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the man doing?
A. Giving the woman suggestions.
B. Asking for the woman’s assistance.
C. Complaining about Anne’s behavior.
11. What was Dave’s attitude towards Anne according to the man?
A. Impolite. B. Friendly. C. Unconcerned.
12. What will the woman do next?
A. Write a report. B. Talk with Dave. C. Send a form.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What do we know about the man?
A. He’s thinner than before.
B. He’s into sports all the time.
C. He got hurt in the experiment.
14. Who might Robinson be?
A. Nancy’s husband. B. A chemistry teacher. C. The woman’s classmate.
15. How long has Tom been married?
A. 2 years. B. 8 years. C. 10 years.
16. Where does the man live now?
A. In Houston B. In New. York C. In San Antonio.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What makes running a school garden hard according to the speaker?
A. Lacking money. B. Lacking suitable space. C. Lacking parents’ support.
18. What does Susan say about school gardening?
A. It involves various subjects.
B. It helps students calm down.
C. It teaches students to treasure grains.
19. Who owns a non-profit project?
A: Susan Hobart. B. Ron Finley. C. Toby Adams.
20. Why does Finley support school gardening?
A. To make study interesting.
B. To promote a good hobby.
C. To call for respect for the planet.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The 5,000-year-old Stonehenge has been wondered and puzzled (使困惑) at for ages. Here are some most popular day tours to Stonehenge and its nearby landmarks.
The English Bus
Limited to 16 people, the tour departs from London in a minibus and you’ll enjoy live, in-depth commentary from your guide. After Stonehenge, you’ll head to Bath to enjoy lunch and time on your own. Your final stop is a, “secret” scenic spot selected by the guide.
Departure time: 6:30 a. m. daily Duration: 12 hours
Prices: 134 pounds per person, food or Stonehenge tickets not included
Premium Tours
You’ll be among the first visitors to step inside Windsor Castle on this daylong tour. Other highlights include lunch in a 14th-century pub in Lacock, a walking tour of Bath and, finally, the day ends with a visit to Stonehenge.
Departure time: 7:45 a. m. daily Duration: 13 hours
Prices: 129 pounds for adults,119 pounds for kids, lunch and admission tickets included
British Tours
Visit some of England’s most famous landmarks with this daytrip. Among the sites you’ll see with your guide are Windsor Castle, Stonehenge and Bath. Travelers enjoy the tour and appreciate the guides’ sense of humor and wealth of information.
Departure time: on the demands of customers Duration: 12 hours
Prices: 120 pounds for adults, 100 pounds for kids, 400 pounds for groups of four, meal and entrance fee self-funded
International Friends
Travelers approve of this tour for its small group. (up to 16 participants) and knowledgeable guides. You’ll visit Stonehenge, Windsor Castle and the city of Bath, where you’ll have the choice to tour the Roman Baths or wander the ancient city for some sightseeing.
Departure time: varies by season Thursday through Monday Duration: 11 hours
Prices: 154 pounds for adults, 134 pounds for kids, no food supplied
1. What do we know about the English Bus tour?
A. It lasts longer than three other tours. B. It has no size limit.
C It ends with an unexpected destination. D. It offers free entry to Stonehenge.
2. What’s the minimum price for a couple with twins if they choose British Tours?
A. 400 pounds. B. 440 pounds. C. 320 pounds. D. 220 pounds.
3. What do the tours have in common?
A. They’re guided tours. B. They include Bath as a stop.
C. They charge for lunch. D. They depart for Stonehenge daily.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个最受欢迎的巨石阵及其附近地标的一日游。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“the English Bus”部分关键句“Your final stop is a, “secret” scenic spot selected by the guide.”（你的最后一站是导游挑选的“秘密”景点。）可知，“the English Bus”的最后一站是导游挑选的“秘密”景点，由此可知，“the English Bus”以一个意想不到的目的地结束。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“British Tours”部分关键句“Prices: 120 pounds for adults, 100 pounds for kids, 400 pounds for groups of four, meal and entrance fee self-funded”（价格：成人120英镑，儿童100英镑，四人一组400英镑，餐费和入场费自筹）可知，“British Tours”四人一组需要400英镑，价格最低，由此可知，如果一对有双胞胎的夫妇选择“British Tours”，他们的最低价格是400英镑。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“the English Bus”部分关键句“After Stonehenge, you’ll head to Bath to enjoy lunch and time on your own.”（巨石阵之后，您将前往巴斯，独自享用午餐和时间。）、“Premium Tours”部分关键句“Other highlights include lunch in a 14th-century pub in Lacock, a walking tour of Bath and, finally, the day ends with a visit to Stonehenge.”（其他亮点包括在拉科克一家14世纪的酒吧吃午饭，徒步游览巴斯，最后，一天以参观巨石阵结束。）、“British Tours”部分关键句“Among the sites you’ll see with your guide are Windsor Castle, Stonehenge and Bath.”（在导游的带领下，您将看到温莎城堡、巨石阵和巴斯。）和“International Friends”部分关键句“You’ll visit Stonehenge, Windsor Castle and the city of Bath, where you’ll have the choice to tour the Roman Baths or wander the ancient city for some sightseeing.”（您将参观巨石阵、温莎城堡和巴斯市，在那里您可以选择游览罗马浴场或在古城漫步观光。）可知，四个旅行项目中都包含参观巴斯，由此可知，这些旅游的共同点是其中包括巴斯作为停留站。故选B项。
B
Famous adventurer Caroline Paul noticed females show less bravery than men and tend to shy away from adventure-seeking outdoor activities even before puberty (青春期).
But how come women seem to be much less gutsy than men? Paul found the answer to be in the way they are raised. Parents more likely warn girls than boys about accidents and demand carefulness. When playing outdoors, they tend to discourage daughters from taking risks and assist them, as if they were too delicate to do it by themselves, while they encourage their sons’ initiative, letting them push their boundaries on their own. Fearful girls in plays as kids become less daring women in real life as adults.
Paul was different. Her mother made it a point to raise fearless daughters, supporting her thirst for physical challenges. Paul became one of San Francisco’s first 15 female firefighters and completed many seemingly impossible missions like walking up the. Golden Gate Bridge and climbing Denali, the worst-weathered mountain of Alaska.
Paul thought sharing her adventures and inspiration with young women would help them get better. The result, The. Gutsy Girl: Escapades for Your Life of Epic Adventure, is a book for girls, in which she outlines the attempts, successes, and failures of her adventures.
Parents are warned that most of Paul’s adventures aren’t the kind they’d want their girls to try and she says so herself, over and over warning: safety first. What, however, parents should hope their girls try is to dream big and forget fear.
“The pressure girls face at puberty to be pretty and liked is enormous,” Paul said in the book, stressing that a familiarity with outdoor adventures works as a solution to that and makes for real-life training. Plus, not all of Paul’s adventures end in success, which is great: daring means daring to fail, too — something females are particularly scared of.
Paul’s book will convince any female that she, too, is bound to have a life of heroic adventure — whether it’s in the woods or in the boardroom.
4. What does the underlined word “gutsy” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Energetic. B. Optimistic. C. Flexible. D. Courageous.
5. What’s the root cause of girls growing into fearful women according to Paul?
A. How they are brought up. B. Their innocent nature.
C. How their parents behave. D. Social discrimination against them.
6. Which of the following suggestions may Paul give to girls?
A. Try to stay slim and pretty. B. Sign up for a jungle exploration.
C. Put risk-taking before security. D. Act perfectly to keep failure at bay.
7. What’s the purpose of the text?
A. To give tips on how to be ambitious.
B. To recommend a book intended for girls.
C. To assess Paul’s strengths and weaknesses.
D. To present a long-standing cultural phenomenon.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇文章主要介绍了Paul的新书，他在书中阐述了女性表现出的勇气不如男性的原因，并给了女孩们一些建议。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段“Famous adventurer Caroline Paul noticed females show less bravery than men and tend to shy away from adventure-seeking outdoor activities even before puberty (青春期).(著名冒险家卡罗琳·保罗注意到，女性表现出的勇气不如男性，甚至在青春期之前就倾向于回避寻求冒险的户外活动)”可知，女性表现出的勇气不如男性，甚至在青春期之前就倾向于回避寻求冒险的户外活动。所以划线单词所在的句子在问“为什么女性似乎没有男性那么勇敢呢？”由此可知，划线单词的意思为“勇敢的”。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句话“Paul found the answer to be in the way they are raised. Parents more likely warn girls than boys about accidents and demand carefulness. (保罗发现答案在于他们的成长方式。父母更可能警告女孩而不是男孩注意事故，并要求他们小心)”可知，根据Paul的观点，女孩们被养大的方式是她们长大后更容易恐惧的原因。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句话“Paul said in the book, stressing that a familiarity with outdoor adventures works as a solution to that and makes for real-life training.(他强调，熟悉户外冒险可以解决这个问题，并有助于现实生活中的训练)”可知，Paul给女孩们的建议是报名参见丛林探险。故选B。
【7题详解】
目的意图题。本篇文章主要介绍了Paul的书，他在书中阐述了女性表现出的勇气不如男性的原因，并给了女孩们一些建议。所以本篇文章的目的是介绍一本为了女孩们而写的书。故选B。
C
On the farm in a red outbuilding behind Luther Jackson Middle School, Mark Smith picked a piece of cabbage off the plant and took a bite.
“Tastes like victory,” he said, satisfied.
Fifteen engineering students at the school, led by Smith, their engineering teacher, have developed and built the farm using aquaponics technology, combining the methods of hydroponics, growing plants with water rather than soil, and aquaculture, the process of growing and raising fish. The fish waste is used as nutrients for the plants, which filter (过滤)the water to be reused in the fish tank.
“The innovative project was put forward by the students,” Smith says. “Effectively combining technology with education, it serves to provide a unique learning experience, involving students in core STEM subjects like Math, Biology, Chemistry and Engineering. It’s our hope that it can help boost students’ interest and hands-on skills so that more students will be inspired and choose to take up engineering as their career in the future.”
Not only can students study fish, plants and bacteria(细菌) interacting in a living ecosystem, but they’re also in charge of every aspect of developing and maintaining the farm, from ordering supplies to harvesting the greens. Camryn, 14, put a test tube into the fish tank and dropped some chemicals to test pH levels and some substances in it. She held the tube up to light, inspecting the color.
Behind her, Yusuf worked along a table with other students to harvest the cabbage, stuffing the leaves into bags to distribute later that afternoon to about 70 families. For him, the ability to give back to his community is the best part of the project.
“We should all be proud of ourselves,” Yusuf said. “We’re making stuff that people are going to be eating.”
8. What’s the technology the students apply to the farm?
A. Robotics and artificial intelligence.
B. Mechanized planting and harvesting.
C. Sustaining good bacteria to grow grain.
D. Integrating fish farming and soilless planting.
9. What does Smith wish to do, through the project?
A. Create more potential engineers. B. Promote students’ survival skills.
C. Enhance the reputation of the school. D. Teach students how to test water quality.
10. What makes Yusuf feel best about the project?
A. Praise from his community. B. His mastery of farming techniques.
C The company of his classmates. D. Their contributions to the neighborhood.
11. Which of the following best describes the school project?
A. Demanding. B. Conventiona C. Student-centered. D. Energy-consuming.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是工程老师史密斯的带领15名学生，利用水培技术开发并建造了新型农场。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fifteen engineering students at the school, led by Smith, their engineering teacher, have developed and built the farm using aquaponics technology, combining the methods of hydroponics, growing plants with water rather than soil, and aquaculture, the process of growing and raising fish. (该校15名工程专业的学生在他们的工程老师史密斯的带领下，利用水培技术开发并建造了这个农场。水培技术将水培法(用水而不是土壤种植植物)和水产养殖(种植和饲养鱼类的过程)相结合。)”可知，学生们在农场中使用的是养鱼与无土种植相结合的方法建造农场。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“ It’s our hope that it can help boost students’ interest and hands-on skills so that more students will be inspired and choose to take up engineering as their career in the future.(我们希望它能帮助提高学生的兴趣和动手能力，让更多的学生受到启发，并在未来选择工程作为他们的职业。)”可知，史密斯希望通过这个项目培养更多有潜力的工程师。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“For him, the ability to give back to his community is the best part of the project.(对他来说，回馈社区的能力是这个项目最好的部分。)”可知，让Yusuf对这个项目感觉最好的是这个项目能够回馈社区。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中““The innovative project was put forward by the students,” Smith says. (“这个创新项目是由学生们提出的，”史密斯说。)”以及第五段中“Not only can students study fish, plants and bacteria(细菌) interacting in a living ecosystem, but they’re also in charge of every aspect of developing and maintaining the farm, from ordering supplies to harvesting the greens. (学生们不仅可以研究鱼类、植物和细菌在生态系统中的相互作用，而且还负责农场发展和维护的各个方面，从订购物资到收获蔬菜。)”可知，该项目的提出以及活动宗旨都是围绕学生而展开的，故该活动是以学生为中心的。故选C。
D
A new study in which researchers explore the human capacity for cooperation finds that people rely on each other for help.
The study shows that when people signal a need for assistance, their small requests don’t go unanswered. Across cultures, people follow these small requests far more often than they decline them. On the rare occasions when people do decline, they explain why. These human tendencies suggest that, deep down, people from all cultures have many similar cooperative behaviors.
The new findings help solve a puzzle generated by prior research which has emphasized variation in rules and standards governing cooperation. For example, in Kenya, wealthier Orma villagers are expected to pay for public goods such as road projects. Wealthy Gnau villagers of Papua New Guinea, on the other hand, would reject such an offer because it creates an awkward moral duty to return for their poorer neighbors.
“Cultural differences like this have created a puzzle for understanding cooperation and helping among humans,” said Rossi, a chief researcher. “Are our decisions about sharing and helping shaped by the culture we grew up with? Or are humans generous and giving by nature?”
To answer those questions, the researchers analyzed over 40 hours’ video recordings of everyday life involving 350 people in geographically and culturally diverse sites. The analysis focused on the order in which one person sent a signal for help and another person responded. The situations involved “low-cost” decisions about sharing items for everyday use. Such decisions are more frequent than “high-cost” decisions like contributing to a village road’s construction, the types of decisions considered to be significantly influenced by culture.
People followed small requests seven times more often than they declined. They helped without explanation, but when they declined, 74% of the time they gave a specific reason.
“A cross-cultural preference for following small requests is not predicted by prior research on resource-sharing and cooperation, which instead suggests that culture should cause helping behavior to vary in appreciable ways due to local values and adaptations to the natural, technological, and socio-economic environment,” said Rossi. “These factors could in principle make it easier for people to say ‘no’ to small requests, but this is not what we find.”
12. What is included in “These human tendencies” underlined in paragraph 2?
A. To ask for assistance. B. To aid others on request.
C. To return the previous favor. D. To turn down an offer of help.
13. Why does the author mention “Orma villagers” and “Gnau villagers” in paragraph 3?
A. To indieate humans are born generous. B. To evaluate varied interpersonal bonds.
C. To show cultural differences on helping. D. To reveal the origin of non-cooperation.
14. Based on the study, if someone declines a request for help, he’ll probably say “______”.
A. It’s my pleasure.
B. I’d love to, but it depends.
C. I’m afraid not. Wait till others come.
D. Sorry, but I’m to attend an urgent meeting.
15. What do we know about the prior research mentioned in the last paragraph?
A. It involved no environmental factors.
B. It stressed the value of following requests.
C. It failed to prove the universal willingness to help.
D. It produced an outcome consistent with the new study.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现，人们通常愿意提供给他人帮助，但是否提供帮助也受到了不同地区的文化的影响。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线短语上句“Across cultures, people follow these small requests far more often than they decline them.”（在不同的文化背景下，人们遵循这些小要求的频率远远高于拒绝它们的频率。）可知，当人们接收到其他人的求助时，通常会提供帮助，这是人类的倾向性行为，由此可知，“These human tendencies”包含了应要求帮助他人。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段关键句““Cultural differences like this have created a puzzle for understanding cooperation and helping among humans,” said Rossi, a chief researcher.”（首席研究员罗西说：“像这样的文化差异为理解人类之间的合作和帮助制造了一个难题。”）可知，“奥尔马村民”和“格瑙村民”对待帮助他人有不同的态度，这是文化差异造成的，由此可知，作者在第三段中提到“奥尔马村民”和“格瑙村民”是为了展示在帮助方面的文化差异。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“They helped without explanation, but when they declined, 74% of the time they gave a specific reason.”（他们在没有解释的情况下提供帮助，但当他们拒绝时，74%的情况下他们给出了具体的原因。）可知，当人们拒绝提供帮助时，74%的情况下会给出具体的原因，结合选项可知，“对不起，我要参加一个紧急会议。”是拒绝提供帮助的一个具体原因。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句““A cross-cultural preference for following small requests is not predicted by prior research on resource-sharing and cooperation, which instead suggests that culture should cause helping behavior to vary in appreciable ways due to local values and adaptations to the natural, technological, and socio-economic environment,” said Rossi.”（罗西说：“先前关于资源共享和合作的研究并没有预测到跨文化偏好遵循小请求，相反，这表明，由于当地的价值观和对自然、技术和社会经济环境的适应，文化应该导致帮助行为以明显的方式发生变化。”）可知，先前的研究没有考虑到跨文化对提供帮助产生的影响，由此可知，先前的研究没有考虑到环境因素。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
___16___ With our upright posture (姿势), flexible joints, and strong leg muscles, our bodies were literally designed with walking in mind, which is what makes it such perfect exercise. Why not focus on walking with a purpose?
To get started, sit down with a map and make a plan. Ask yourself what you want to get out of walking aside from health benefits. ___17___ See new places? Explore a city? Knowing your priorities helps decide on the type of walk you want.
If making friends and socializing is your goal, call up your friends and schedule walks with them. Go online and look up your local mall (购物中心), which has groups that come daily to “walk the mall” and are always happy to include one more walker. Similarly, at your local park, you might find open groups of dog walkers who conduct diverse group hikes. ___18___ In most cities, such walks are going on almost every weekend in support of cancer research and other humanitarian causes.
If lone walks are what you’re after, ask the local tourist authority about local hikes that get you out of town and into the wilderness or countryside. Thanks to the Rails to Trails program, railways across America are being transformed into scenic walking paths. ___19___
Headed to a new city? Then tie on your walking shoes and prepare to get to know it from the ground up! Many historic cities offer detailed and well-planned walking tours. ___20___ And small towns generally have a scenic route that will carry you past its best shops and cafes.
A. Humans were made for walking:
B. Do you want to meet other people?
C. Some tourist offices even provide free maps.
D. They’re a perfect way to explore new territory.
E. Do you expect to get fit and stay in great shape?
F. But remember to stay on the lookout for charity walks.
G. Science uincovered a link between sociability and wellness.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. F 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，人类为行走而生，徒步旅行是完美的运动，文章讲述了如何进行一场有目的的徒步旅行。
【16题详解】
根据下文“With our upright posture (姿势), flexible joints, and strong leg muscles, our bodies were literally designed with walking in mind, which is what makes it such perfect exercise.(我们直立的姿势，灵活的关节和强壮的腿部肌肉，我们的身体实际上是为走路而设计的，这就是为什么它是完美的运动)”可知，我们的身体是为了走路而设计的，故A项“人类是为行走而生的”符合题意，A项总起下文，下文是对A项的具体说明，故选A。
【17题详解】
上文“Ask yourself what you want to get out of walking aside from health benefits.(问一问自己除了健康的好处之外，你想从步行中得到什么)”提到，问自己想从步行中得到什么好处，结合下文“See new places? Explore a city?(看新的地方吗？探索一座城市？)”可知，空处与下文并列，是一个问句，询问除了健康以外的其他好处，B项“你想认识其他人吗？”符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据下文“In most cities, such walks are going on almost every weekend in support of cancer research and other humanitarian causes.(在大多数城市，几乎每个周末都会举行这样的步行活动，以支持癌症研究和其他人道主义事业)”可知，空处应是提到一些步行活动，呼应下文的“such walks”，F项“但要记得留意慈善步行”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
上文“Thanks to the Rails to Trails program, railways across America are being transformed into scenic walking paths.(由于‘铁道到步道’计划，美国各地的铁路正在被改造成风景优美的步行道)”提到美国很多铁路被改造成步行道，D项“它们是探索新领域的完美方式”描述这些步行道的作用，D项中“They”指代上文中的“scenic walking paths”，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Many historic cities offer detailed and well-planned walking tours.(许多历史悠久的城市都提供详细而精心策划的徒步旅行)”以及下文“And small towns generally have a scenic route that will carry you past its best shops and cafes.(小城镇通常有一条风景优美的路线，你会经过最好的商店和咖啡馆)”可知，此处是关于旅游路线，C项“一些旅游局甚至提供免费地图”符合语境，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last week we encountered a minor water crisis at our home. A water pipe (管子) had been leaking ___21___ within a bathroom wall, which my husband and I ___22___ for long. Consequently, we woke up one morning to a pool of water on the bedroom floor. We ___23___ the bedroom sofa that shares the same wall and located the ___24___: Water had spread from a break between the wall and the floor.
I got down to clearing up the ___25___. Initially, I used towels to absorb the water. When seeing the break was not huge, I tried ___26___ back the water with a mop (拖把). But the ___27___ quickly became bigger, making more water constantly well out. This was a sign that something deeper within the wall needed our ___28___.
We acted decisively, ___29___ the main water line, opening up the wall and beginning the chaotic work of ____30____ the broken pipe. Despite quite a bit of wall repair and painting to do, we were ____31____ that it was no longer leaking and our water supply was back on track. Later, we were told by an architect friend that such a small leak can become a ____32____ break and eventually do serious structural damage to our home.
Big problems usually start small. I’ve been reflecting: How many times we don’t bother to ____33____ small issues that demand our attention until they grow into big ones that almost ____34____ our life. With more care and earlier action, we can save ourselves much time and ____35____.
21. A. rapidly B. slightly C. heavily D. widely
22. A. expected B. discussed C. considered D. ignored
23. A. occupied B. changed C. abandoned D. removed
24. A. fault B. resource C. item D. approach
25. A. objects B. doubt C. mess D. memories
26. A. pushing B. drawing C. shipping D. blowing
27. A. floor B. leak C. pipe D. wall
28. A. mention B. service C. attention D. sympathy
29. A. breaking through B. putting aside C. taking apart D. shutting down
30. A. arranging B. preserving C. fixing D. distinguishing
31. A. curious B. anxious C. shocked D. relieved
32. A. sharp B. major C. mental D. temporary
33. A. address B. highlight C. admit D. postpone
34. A. cure B. direct C. ruin D. dominate
35. A. space B. trouble C. argument D. water
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者家浴室墙上的水管有点漏水，作者及时进行了处理，避免了更大的问题，这也让作者意识到面对小问题，我们要及时采取行动，避免更大的问题发生。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：浴室墙上的水管有点漏水，我和丈夫很长时间都没有理会。A. rapidly迅速地；B. slightly轻微地；C. heavily沉重地；D. widely广泛地。根据上文“Last week we encountered a minor water crisis at our home.”可知，我们家遇到的是一次小的水危机，由此可知，水管轻微漏水，并不严重。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：浴室墙上的水管有点漏水，我和丈夫很长时间都没有理会。A. expected期待；B. discussed讨论；C. considered考虑；D. ignored忽视。根据下文“Consequently, we woke up one morning to a pool of water on the bedroom floor.”可知，一天早上我们醒来时发现卧室地板上有一滩水，由此可知，我们忽视了之前的漏水问题，结果遭遇了危机。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们移开了与浴室共用一堵墙的卧室沙发，找到了故障：水是从墙和地板之间的缝隙中扩散出来的。A. occupied占领；B. changed改变；C. abandoned放弃；D. removed移开。根据句中“Water had spread from a break between the wall and the floor”可知，我们发现水是从墙和地板之间的缝隙中扩散出来的，由此可知，我们移开了卧室沙发，才发现了这个问题。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们移开了与浴室共用一堵墙的卧室沙发，找到了故障：水是从墙和地板之间的缝隙中扩散出来的。A. fault故障；B. resource资源；C. item项目；D. approach方法。根据句中“Water had spread from a break between the wall and the floor”可知，水是从墙和地板之间的缝隙中扩散出来的，由此可知，这是故障所在。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始收拾残局。A. objects物品；B. doubt疑问；C. mess混乱，杂乱；D. memories记忆。根据上文“Consequently, we woke up one morning to a pool of water on the bedroom floor.”可知，因为漏水，卧室地板上有一滩水，由此可知，我要收拾混乱的场面。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当看到裂缝不大时，我试着用拖把把水推回去。A. pushing推；B. drawing抽出；C. shipping运输；D. blowing吹。根据句中“When seeing the break was not huge”可知，我看到裂缝不大，由此可知，我想用拖把把水推回去。故选A项。
27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但裂缝很快变得更大，使得更多的水不断流出。A. floor地板；B. leak裂缝；C. pipe管子；D. wall墙壁。根据句中“making more water constantly well out”可知，更多的水不断流出，由此可知，裂缝变得更大了。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个迹象，表明墙内更深的东西需要我们注意。A. mention提及；B. service服务；C. attention注意；D. sympathy同情。根据句中“making more water constantly well out”可知，更多的水不断流出，由此可知，墙内更深处有问题，需要我们注意。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们果断行动，关闭了主水管，打开了墙，开始了修理破裂管道的混乱工作。A. breaking through突破；B. putting aside搁置；C. taking apart拆开；D. shutting down关闭。根据句中“opening up the wall and beginning the chaotic work of _____ the broken pipe”可知，我们开始修破裂的管道，由此可知，我们应该先关闭主水管，再进行修理。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们果断行动，关闭了主水管，打开了墙，开始了修理破裂管道的混乱工作。A. arranging安排；B. preserving保存；C. fixing修理；D. distinguishing辨别。根据句中“broken pipe”可知，管道破裂了，由此可知，我们要进行修理工作。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管需要进行大量的墙壁维修和油漆，但我们还是松了一口气，因为它不再漏水，我们的供水也回到了正轨。A. curious好奇的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. shocked震惊的；D. relieved放心的，不再忧虑的。根据句中“it was no longer leaking and our water supply was back on track”可知，管道不再漏水，我们的供水也回到了正轨，由此可知，我们放心了，松了口气。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，一位建筑师朋友告诉我们，这样一个小的泄漏可能会成为一个严重的破坏，最终会对我们的房子造成严重的结构损坏。A. sharp尖锐的；B. major严重的；C. mental精神的；D. temporary暂时的。根据句中“eventually do serious structural damage to our home”可知，这个泄露如果不及时修理，会对我们的房子造成严重的结构损坏，由此可知，这样一个小的泄漏可能会成为一个严重的破坏。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在反思：有多少次我们不去解决需要我们关注的小问题，直到它们发展成几乎毁掉我们生活的大问题。A. address设法解决；B. highlight强调；C. admit承认；D. postpone推迟。根据句中“they grow into big ones”可知，小问题会发展成几乎毁掉我们生活的大问题，因为我们不去解决它。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在反思：有多少次我们不去解决需要我们关注的小问题，直到它们发展成几乎毁掉我们生活的大问题。A. cure治愈；B. direct指挥；C. ruin毁坏；D. dominate支配。根据句中“they grow into big ones”可知，小问题会发展成大问题，这些大问题几乎毁掉我们生活。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了更多的关心和更早的行动，我们可以为自己节省很多时间和麻烦。A. space空间；B. trouble麻烦；C. argument争论；D. water水。根据句中“With more care and earlier action”可知，更早采取行动，小问题就不会发展成大问题，会给我们节省很多麻烦。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A classic branch of Chinese martial arts (武术) ___36___ (win) popularity overseas over the past decades, and foreign fans are growing from ___37___ (begin) to master.
Jake Lee Pinnick from the US called himself the 16th-generation successor of the Sanfeng school of Wudang martial arts, making it his duty ___38___ (spread) the kungfu and Wudang culture.
Pinnick teaches at a bilingual (双语) martial club at Wudang Mountain, ___39___ UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site and a well-known holy (神圣的) land of Taoism in Hubei Province, after studying there for more than 10 years.
As a teenager, he enjoyed watching Chinese kungfu films performed ___40___ actors such as Jackie Chan. By chance, he saw an internet video of a man named Yuan Shimao performing Wudang Baxian Sticks. He visited Yuan in 2010, after which he learned ___41___ (multiply) forms of kungfu, such as tai chi and qigong.
Now, as an instructor, he has tutored many martial arts enthusiasts from different countries. Every year, over 100,000 foreigners travel at Wudang Mountain, 5,000 of ___42___ learn martial arts.
Liu Jia, who also learned at the mountain, teaches Wudang martial arts for free with his partner Liu Huajin, ___43___ (attract) about 150 students. Chen Yixin, one of Liu’s oldest students, said tai chi ___44___ (true) brings peace of her mind and has taught her the importance of willpower.
The Wudang Martial Arts Association with over 10,000 members already has 10 branches ___45___ (build) in countries like the US, Canada and France.
【答案】36. has won
37. beginer
38. to spread 39. a 40. by
41. multiple
42. whom 43. attracting
44. truly 45. built
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国的武术已经在国外受到了极大的欢迎。同时也讲述了武术爱好者Jake Lee Pinnick在中国学习武术的经历。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，中国武术的一个经典分支在海外广受欢迎，外国粉丝正从初学者成长为大师。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“over the past decades”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填has won。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：在过去的几十年里，中国武术的一个经典分支在海外广受欢迎，外国粉丝正从初学者成长为大师。根据空后的master可知，空处需要名词beginer，表示“外国粉丝正从初学者成长为大师”。故填beginer。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：来自美国的李称自己为武当三丰派的第十六代传人，把传播功夫和武当文化作为自己的职责。分析句子结构可知，句中的it为形式宾语，所以空处需要动词不定式作真正的宾语。故填to spread。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在武当山学习了10多年后，品尼克在武当山的一家双语武术俱乐部任教，武当山是联合国教科文组织世界文化遗址，也是湖北省著名的道教圣地。分析句子结构可知，空处需要冠词。根据语境可知，此处泛指“一个联合国教科文组织世界文化遗址”，空后为辅音音素开始的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：十几岁时，他喜欢看成龙等演员表演的中国功夫电影。根据语境可知，这些功夫电影是被成龙等演员表演的。by为介词，常置于表示被动的动词后，表示动作实施者。故填by。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：2010年，他拜访了袁，之后他学习了多种形式的功夫，如太极和气功。空处需要形容词修饰后面的名词作定语。multiply为动词，其形容词形式为multiple“多种多样的”。故填multiple。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：每年有10多万外国人来武当山旅游，其中5000人学习武术。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 foreigners。先行词指人，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，所以用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同样在山上学习的刘佳和他的搭档刘华锦免费教授武当武术，吸引了大约150名学生。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作结果状语。根据语境，此处表示意料之中的结果，所以用现在分词。故填attracting。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：陈一新，刘的一个最大的学生，说太极拳确实给她带来了心灵的平静，并教会了她意志力的重要性。空处需要副词修饰后面的动词。故填truly。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：拥有一万多名会员的武当武术协会已经在美国、加拿大和法国等国建立了10个分会。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，和修饰的宾语之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填built。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校交换生Jack发来邮件邀约你暑假去法国旅游。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1．你不能去国外旅游的原因;
2．你的旅游地点建议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours ever,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
I really appreciate your invitation to travel to France. But I have to decline it for some reasons. First, the long-distance tour costs a lot, which my family can't afford. Besides, travelling abroad takes much time, which will otherwise be used for my studies. So I have some other idea of the summer tour. How about a less costly five-day tour to Beijing? As a cultural center heavy with history, Beijing can allow us not only to experience unique Chinese cultures but to taste distinctive cuisines. We’re sure to enjoy ourselves there!
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours ever,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。交换生Jack邀请你在暑假去法国旅游，要求考生给他写信告知他自己不能去国外旅游的原因，并提出新的旅游地点建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感激：appreciate→thank
此外：besides → what’s more
独特的：unique→ distinctive
回复：reply→ response
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I really appreciate your invitation to travel to France.
拓展句：I really appreciate your invitation to travel to France, which is a great chance to know France.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 First, the long-distance tour costs a lot, which my family can't afford.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】As a cultural center heavy with history, Beijing can allow us not only to experience unique Chinese cultures but to taste distinctive cuisines. （运用了not only…but also的固定结构）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
With new faces everywhere, the time in Grade 1 was really tough for me. Since I was an Indian girl, nobody wanted to talk to me. Every spare minute was spent alone, and no classmates would group with me for projects.
Feeling lonely and sad, I was in desperate need of close friends, with whom I hoped to share my happiness and sorrow. A girl named Fatin, who was cute, clever and talented, appealed to me deeply. However, she seemed to be avoiding me as well. Being only six years old, I didn’tunderstand why people treated me like that, I opened up to my mother about all this, almost crying my eyes out.
Mom smiled, patting me on the shoulder and comforting me until I calmed down. She looked into my eyes and encouraged me, “Honey, don’t worry. They’re just not familiar with you. Try to bring out the best in you. They’ll befriend you as long as they see your excellence.” At that time, I didn’t believe her, but Mom was right.
One day my teacher, Miss Bibiena, announced that there was to be a speech competition. My heart pounded wildly. I really enjoyed participating in speech competitions. Actually, I was quite good at them. The only problem was that the whole school would be watching me and I knew none of my audience.
However, I was determined to do it. I gathered all my courage, marched up to the teacher and said, “Miss Bibiena, I want to join in the speech competition.” She stared at me for such a long time that I started to feel uncomfortable, but then I saw a gentle smile spreading over her face. She handed me an application form.
The next day, I arrived at school early to submit my form to the teacher. Taking the form, Miss Bibiena said encouragingly to me, “For a new student, you have lots of courage. Do your best, Sneha!” Rarely did Miss Bibiena praise anyone. On my way to class, I smiled at her remark, which lifted up my spirits that day.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Until the competition day, I practised my speech whenever possible.
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As I went off the stage, I heard someone call my name.
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【答案】One possible version:
Until the competition day, I practiced my speech whenever possible. I even designed the necessary hand gestures and did repeated practice in front of a mirror. Then came the big day. When my name was called, I went up to the stage confidently and started presenting my speech with full enthusiasm. As I had expected, it was a real hit. The moment my speech ended, I was greeted with a standing ovation from the audience. Finally, I was declared the winner of the first prize and awarded the title of Best Speaker.
As I went off the stage, I heard someone call my name. Turning around, I found Fatin, the girl I admired, waving to me. She approached me and said cheerfully, “Hey, Sneha! You gave us such an amazing speech. Never had I expected you to be so great! Would you like to be friends with me?” “Sure, Fatin.” I happily accepted her friendship invitation without any hesitation. Since then, the two of us have supported and inspired each other through thick and thin. So take up your courage and show your best to the world. Some day you can achieve what you initially dreamt of.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是一个印度女孩，在新的班级中没有人和她一起做玩耍，也没有人愿意与她一起做小组项目。班级中一个叫Fatin的女孩却聪明，可爱招人喜欢。作者将学校的情况讲述给妈妈，妈妈鼓励作者要将自己最好的一面展示出来，当别人看到自己的优秀，就会愿意成为作者的朋友。在学校举办一次演讲比赛的过程中，作者认真准备并且表现绝佳，完全展示了自己最好的一面，由此受到同学们的认可，尤其是收获了好女孩Fatin的友谊。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“直到比赛那天，我一有机会就练习我的演讲。”可知，第一段可描写作者练习演讲以及参加比赛时现场的情况。
②由第二段首句内容“当我走下舞台时，我听到有人叫我的名字。”可知，第二段可描写作者从舞台下来之后，其他同学的反应尤其是Fatin的反应。
2.续写线索：准备比赛——刻苦练习——上台比赛——反响热烈——Fatin的邀请——获得友谊——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①走上前：go up to/come over to
②宣布：declare/ announce
③走近：approach/ get close to
情绪类
①开心地：happily/cheerfully
②自信地：confidently/in confidence
【点睛】[高分句型1]When my name was called, I went up to the stage confidently and started presenting my speech with full enthusiasm. （由when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2] Turning around, I found Fatin, the girl I admired, waving to me.（现在分词turning作伴随状语）