(人教版)高考英语一轮复习课时学案 第1部分 教材解读 选择性必修第二册 Unit 5　First Aid (含解析)

Ⅰ.认阅读单词

1．leaflet n．散页印刷品；传单；小册子

2．organ n．(人或动植物的)器官

3．toxin n．毒素(尤指细菌产生的致病物质)

4．ray n．光线；光束；(热、电等)射线

5．radiation n．辐射；放射线

6．acid n．酸 adj.酸的；酸性的

7．millimetre n．毫米；千分之一米

8．layer n．层；表层；层次

9．blister n．(皮肤上因摩擦、烫伤等引起的)水疱；(金属等表面的)气泡、水泡

10．underneath prep.& adv.在……底下；隐藏在下面

11．fabric n．织物；布料；(社会、机构等的)结构

12．paramedic n．急救医生；护理人员

13．bathtub n．浴缸；浴盆

14．mosquito n．(pl.-oes，-os)蚊子

15．IV needle静脉注射针

16．vital sign生命体征

17．ward n．病房

18．sprain vt.扭伤(关节) n．扭伤

19．ankle n．踝；踝关节

20．diner n．(尤指餐馆的)就餐者

21．steak n．牛排；肉排

22．obstruction n．阻碍；堵塞；阻塞物

23．motion n．运动；移动

24．manual n．使用手册；说明书 adj.用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的

25．membership n．会员身份；全体会员；会员人数

Ⅱ.记重点单词

1．technique n．技能；技术；技艺

2．victim n．受害者；患者

3．nerve n．神经

4．swallow vt.& vi.吞下；咽下

5．wrap vt.包、裹；(用手臂等)围住

6．bath n．洗澡；(BrE＝bathtub)浴缸；浴盆 vt.(NAmE＝bathe)给……洗澡

7．slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜走 n．滑倒；小错误；纸条

8．elderly adj.年纪较大的；上了年纪的(婉辞)

9．carpet n．地毯

10．ambulance n．救护车

11．delay vi.& vt.推迟；延期(做某事) vt.耽误；耽搁 n．延误；耽搁(的时间)；推迟

12．needle n．针；缝衣针；注射针；指针

13．drown vi.& vt.(使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没

14．panic vi.& vt.(使)惊慌 n．惊恐；恐慌

15．scream vi.& vt.(因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫 n．尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音

16．fellow adj.同类的；同事的；同伴的；同情况的 n．男人；家伙；同事；同辈；同类

17．choke vi.& vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽；噎住

18．throat n．咽喉；喉咙

19．desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的

20．slap vt.(用手掌)打、拍 n．(用手掌)打、拍；拍击声

21．fist n．拳；拳头

22．grab vt.抓住；攫取 n．抓取；抢夺

23．welfare n．幸福；福祉；安康；福利

24．collapse vi.(突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒

25．suburb n．郊区；城外

Ⅲ.知拓展单词

1．minor adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的→minority n．少数；少数民族

2．electric adj.电的；用电的；电动的→electrical adj.与电有关的→electricity n．电；电学

3．swollen adj.(身体部位)肿起的；肿胀的→swell vi.(swelled，swollen)膨胀，肿胀

4．loose adj.松的；未系紧的；宽松的→loosely adv.松散地；粗略地→loosen vi.& vt.(使)变松

5．urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的→urge vt.力劝；敦促；强烈要求 n．强烈的欲望

6．ease vi.& vt.使(宽慰)；减轻；缓解 n．容易；舒适；自在→easy adj.容易的→easily adv.容易地

7．operator n．电话接线员；操作员→operate vt.操作；运转；动手术→operation n．运转；手术

8．bleeding n．流血；失血→bleed vi.(bled，bled)流血；失血→blood n．血液；血

9．interrupt vi.& vt.打断；打扰 vt.使暂停；使中断→interruption n．打扰

10．practical adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的→practice n．练习；实践；惯例 v．练习→practically adv.几乎；差不多；实际上

11．tightly adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→tight adj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的 adv.紧紧地；牢固地→tighten v．(使)变紧；(使)更加严格

12．justify vt.证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由→justice n．正义；公正

13．foggy adj.有雾的→fog n．雾

1．kidnap vt.& n．拐走；绑架

2．kindergarten n．幼儿园

3．kitchen n．厨房

4．knowledge n．知识；学问

5．landscape n．风景；景色

6．lame adj.跛的；瘸的；残废的

7．laughter n．笑；笑声

8．launch vt.发射；发起(运动)

Ⅳ.背核心短语

1．sense of touch触觉

2．electric shock触电；电击

3．help sb to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来

4．face up/down面朝上(朝下)

5．sleep in迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉

6．out of shape健康状况不好

7．prevent...from...阻止

8．a variety of各种各样的

9．suffer from遭受

Ⅴ.悟经典句式

1．As you can imagine，getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.(as引导的非限制性定语从句)

正如你能想象的，被灼伤可能会导致非常严重的损伤。

2．Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary，unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.(unless引导的条件状语从句)

如有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非你看到衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。

3．If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns，there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.(there is an urgent need to do sth 急需做某事)

如果伤者是二度或三度烧伤，必须立刻送往医院。

4．They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites before they left.[suggest (that) sb (should) do sth 建议某人做某事]

离开前，他们建议他吃饭要细嚼慢咽，小口进食。

请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。

Many leaflets and manuals offer practical techniques on first aid，which state that calling emergency numbers without 1.delay is the first step.But before paramedics in the ambulance come，you can save yourself or look after others’ welfare by using first aid.If you get burned by radiation，acids or other chemicals，don’t 2.panic or scream.Instead，remove any clothes unless you see fabric sticking to the burned skin.Then wash it under the running water.With your skin swollen and full of blisters or with your nerves damaged，there is an 3.urgent need to rush to the hospital.Swallowing foods too quickly can cause you to get 4.choked on steak，toast or anything else with ease.Then，people around you can slap on your back，forcing the obstruction out.As for a 5.bleeding nose，neither should you keep your face up，nor should you press the nose 6.tightly.You can use the mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing method to save a drowned man.You can apply cold water to the sprained ankle.All in all，learning some knowledge about first aid makes a great difference.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇

ease n．容易；舒适；自在 vt.& vi.减轻；缓解；使安心；(使)宽慰

(1)因为极度紧张我的心怦怦跳，但是她的热情欢迎很快使我放松了下来。她既聪明又幽默，和她在一起我感到很自在。(读后续写之情绪描写)

My heart pounded with extreme nervousness，but her warm welcome soon put me at ease.She was smart and humorous and I felt at ease with her.

(2)打篮球是缓解我们巨大学习压力的最好方法，同时我们也能从中找到一些乐趣。(话题写作之体育运动)

Playing basketball serves as the best way to ease our great study pressure and find some pleasure at the same time.

(3)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记，你会很容易提高你的书面英语。(话题写作之语言学习)

①If you insist on keeping diaries in English every day，you can improve your written English with ease.

②Insist on keeping diaries in English every day，and you can improve your written English with ease.(用“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”改写)

panic vi.& vt.(panicked；panicked；panicking)(使)惊慌 n．惊慌；惊恐

(1)When people heard the urgent news，they fled the village in panic.

(2)简陷入恐慌，她的心如此剧烈跳动，她感觉快要窒息了。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)

Jane got into a panic，and her heart beat so violently that she felt nearly choked.

(3)野狼的嚎叫吓得我尖叫起来，我不知道如何缓解这无法抗拒的恐惧。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)

The roar of the wild wolf panicked me into screaming，and I wasn’t aware of how to ease the overwhelming panic.

desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的(desperately adv.绝望地；拼命地；极严重地；非常需要)

(1)I desperately(desperate) need your assistance because I have an urgent matter to handle.

(2)看到考试的结果，我是如此绝望，以至于我感觉好像被撕成了碎片，我一时间失去了信心。(读后续写之绝望心理描写)

①Seeing the result of the exam，I was so desperate that I felt as if I were torn into pieces and confidence seemed to desert me for a moment.

②Seeing the result of the exam，so desperate was I that I felt as if I were torn into pieces and confidence seemed to desert me for a moment.(倒装句)

(3)我渴望有机会成为一名志愿者。我的确希望您能给我这个宝贵的机会。(应用文写作之申请信)

①I am desperate for the chance to be a volunteer.I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.

②Desperate for the chance to be a volunteer，I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.(用形容词短语作状语改写)

用法点拨　表示“渴望某物/做某事”的短语还有：

be eager for sth/to do sth，be anxious for sth/to do sth，long for sth/to do sth，be dying for sth/to do sth

help sb to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来

(1)看到那个男孩在街上晕倒了，我冲过去帮他站起来，并给他叫了辆救护车。

Seeing the boy collapse on the street，I dashed to help him to his feet and called an ambulance for him.

(2)跑步时，大卫被一块石头绊倒了，但是他挣扎着站起来，拖着脚向终点线前进。几乎所有的观众都站起来，为他加油。(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)

While running，David tripped over a stone，but he struggled to his feet and dragged his feet towards the finish line.Almost all the audience rose to their feet，cheering for him.

(3)詹妮父亲的回答犹如火上浇油，她从座位上跳起来，生气地直跺脚，一句话也说不出来。(读后续写之愤怒心理描写)

The reply of Jenny’s father again fueled her anger.She jumped to her feet from her seat and stamped her feet in anger，not uttering a word.

face down/up面朝下/上

(1)当看到一个男孩脸朝下从校车上摔下来时，我紧急刹车，冲出车门，向他冲去。(读后续写之动作链描写)

When seeing a boy fall off a school bus，face down，I braked my car urgently，rushed out of my car and charged at him.

(2)我强烈建议你学英语的时候不要害怕丢脸。(应用文写作之建议信)

I strongly suggest that you shouldn’t be afraid of losing face when you learn English.

(3)面对巨大的挑战，我永远不会放弃，直到我最终成功。

①In the face of great challenges，never will I give up until I finally succeed.(in the face of)

②Faced with great challenges，never will I give up until I finally succeed.(过去分词短语作状语；be faced with)

(4)调皮的男孩悄悄地靠近陌生人，对他做了个鬼脸，然后打掉了他的宽边帽。(读后续写之动作描写)

The naughty boy silently approached the stranger，made a face at him and then knocked off his broad-brimmed hat.

out of shape健康状况不好；变形

(1)You have been sitting on the elderly woman’s hat and now it is badly out of shape.

(2)The lazy fellow hadn’t been training for months and was really out of shape/in bad shape.

(3)She jogs for an hour in the suburbs every morning to keep/be in shape.

(4)Some lanterns are in the shape of fruits and they look beautiful in the gentle light of the moon.

as引导非限制性定语从句 As you can imagine，getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.正如你能想象的，被灼烧可能会导致非常严重的损伤。

(1)我们能够从历史中找到一些问题的解决方法，这是常有的事。

As is often the case，we can probably find solutions to some problems from history.

(2)众所周知，实施切实可行的措施对海洋保护有重大作用。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)

①As is known to us all/As we all know，performing practical measures makes a great difference to ocean protection.(as引导的非限制性定语从句)

②What is known to us all is that performing practical measures makes a great difference to ocean protection.(what引导的主语从句)

③It is known to us all that performing practical measures makes a great difference to ocean protection.(it作形式主语)

(3)正如你在短视频中所看到的，英语口语俱乐部的成员不仅可以担当外国游客的导游而且他们还可以参加全国英语演讲比赛。(2022·天津3月，书面表达)

As you can see in the short video，not only can members of the Spoken English Club serve as tourist guides for foreign tourists but they can also engage in the National English Speech Contest.

(4)正如所报道的，越来越多的青少年转向在线学习，在线学习既可以使他们接触最新的知识又可以节省时间。

More and more teenagers turn to online learning，as is reported，which can save time as well as enable them to be exposed to the latest knowledge.

1．Even though this technique won’t work for everyone，it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)

即使这种方法并不对所有人奏效，但它可以帮助许多人获得大量可以借鉴的想法。

2．Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.(2022·全国乙)

只需写日记记录朋友的生日和其他重要日期，就可以确保你不会遗漏任何事情。

3．There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East，and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)

现在有700名老人在东北部的20家养老院照顾母鸡，该慈善机构已获得财政支持以在全国范围内推广。

4．Can a small group of drones guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and，at the same time，help railway operators save billions of euros each year？(2022·全国乙)

一小群无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元吗？

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇

Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍

1．desperate

(1)Doctors were fighting a desperate battle to save the little girl’s life.  C 

(2)The operator was so desperate for a job that he would have done anything.  A 

(3)I decided to hug Tom tightly when he was in such a desperate position.  B 

2．ease

(1)As we expected，he settled the minor problem with ease.  B 

(2)I was not entirely at ease with the fellow who liked making jokes.  C 

(3)I eased her mind by telling her that her skin was slightly swollen.  A 

3．swallow

(1)After the operation you may find it difficult to chew and swallow.  B 

(2)I watched her walk down the road until she was swallowed by the darkness.  C 

(3)I found her excuse very hard to swallow.  D 

(4)You’re going to have to swallow your pride and ask for your job back.  A 

4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思

(1)Money was always tight，but we had a roof over our heads.(经济)紧张的

(2)She was rushed to hospital after her collapse at work.昏倒

(3)Every animal sleeps，but the reason for this has remained foggy.不清楚的

(4)It is not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives but what we do consistently.形成；塑造

Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识

1．He presented me with a bunch of flowers and then we hugged each other tightly(tight)．

2．He reached out a hand，grabbed(grab) her arm and dragged her back.(读后续写之动作链描写)

3．The photographer was desperate to achieve(achieve) his goal to win others’ respect.

4．He wrapped(wrap) his arms around me and whispered，“You are bound to succeed.”

5．The photographer slipped(slip) downstairs，tiptoed out of the house and disappeared into the darkness.(读后续写之动作链描写)

6．What astonished me was that he delayed taking(take) immediate action and missed a precious chance.

7．Whenever some problems arose，he was bound to chat with me continually to put me at ease.

8．Every time you feel panicked(panic)，you’d better take a deep breath and try to relax yourself.

9．What astonishes me most is that he is out of shape now because of years of hard work.

10．A student interrupted(interrupt) me in class by asking me a question contrary to my requirement.

Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练

话题写作之人际关系——消除和朋友的误解

1．得知你渴望消除你和朋友之间的误解，我写信给你一些建议。(be desperate to do)

Learning that you are desperate to break down the misunderstanding between you and your friend，I am writing to offer you some suggestions.

2．我强烈建议你们俩冷静下来。(suggest)

I strongly suggest that you both (should) keep calm.

3．除非你们面对面地彼此交流，否则，你们之间的误解不会解决。(unless)

The misunderstanding between you won’t be settled unless both of you communicate with each other face to face.

4．另外，你们急需设身处地为彼此着想。(there is an urgent need to do)

Besides，there is an urgent need for you to put yourselves into each other’s shoes.

5．众所周知，彼此的理解可以融化对方心中的坚冰。(as引导的非限制性定语从句)

As is known to us all/As we all know，mutual understanding can melt the ice in each other’s hearts.

Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练

教材续写语料

1．情感描写

panic vi.& vt.(使)惊慌 n．惊恐；恐慌

scream vi.& vt.(因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫

choke vi.& vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽；噎住

desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的→desperately adv.绝望地；非常

2．动作描写

swallow vt.& vi.吞下；咽下

wrap vt.包、裹；(用手臂等)围住

bath vt.(NAmE＝bathe)给……洗澡

slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜走

drown vi.& vt.(使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没

slap vt.(用手掌)打、拍

grab vt.抓住；攫取

collapse vi.(突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒

ease vi.& vt.使(宽慰)；减轻；缓解

tightly adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→tighten vt.& vi.(使)变紧；(使)加紧

help sb to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来

face up/down面朝上(朝下)

3．环境描写

foggy adj.有雾的

续写语料运用

请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。

在一个有雾的早晨，一只野狼溜进了我们的房子。我和我弟弟吓得尖叫起来。我们的喉咙发紧，几乎要窒息而死。我弟弟被无穷无尽的恐惧淹没了，他用胳膊紧紧地抱着我，他几乎要昏倒了。在那时，我看到一根粗棍，我猛地推开弟弟的胳膊，抓起棍，拼命地向狼砸去。狼嚎叫着逃跑了。我使劲咽了口唾沫，跌跌撞撞地走向我颤抖的弟弟，帮助他站起来，拍着他的后背以缓解他的紧张。

On a foggy morning，a wild wolf slipped into our house.My brother and I were panicked into screaming.Our throats tightened and we nearly choked to death.My brother was drowned into limitless panic.He wrapped his arms around me tightly and he nearly collapsed.At that time，seeing a thick stick，I jerked away my brother’s arms，grabbed the stick and desperately smashed it to the wolf.The wolf fled in roars.I swallowed hard.I stumbled to my trembling brother，helped him to his feet and slapped him on the back to ease his nervousness.