高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题20完形填空之夹叙夹议（含解析）

这是一份高考英语二轮复习题型归纳与变式演练专题20完形填空之夹叙夹议（含解析），共35页。试卷主要包含了事例→观点，观点→事例，观点→事例→观点，A.Therefre B，A.even B，A.frmal B，A.Initially B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

专题20 完形填空之夹叙夹议

夹叙夹议文的完形填空一般有以下三种结构特点：
1．事例→观点：先叙述一件事情，然后针对这件事情发表自己的看法或揭示生活的真理。
2．观点→事例：先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来说明。一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明。
3．观点→事例→观点：首先提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例说明，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。
常用以下方法来解此类型试题：
解题要领
内容解读
分析结构，抓住作者的观点
借助文章结构，即事例→观点，观点→事例，观点→事例→观点，体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构，从而明白作者的写作思路。
重视首句，把握文章主题
首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作中心，为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。
叙议兼顾，理解议论内涵
夹叙夹议文中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时，掌握议论部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合对人物心理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能正确解题。
抓住转换，理清逻辑关系
抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。




2022年
新高考

体裁
主题内容
考点发布
I卷
记叙文
介绍旅行经历
动词4 名词5介词短语2
形容词、副词4
II卷
记叙文
环球旅行
动词4 名词7 形容词4
全国卷
乙卷
说明文
孩子们捉迷藏时坚持相互承认和尊重
动词7 名词 7 形容词4
副词2 动词短语1
甲卷
记叙文
讲述了两个爱狗人士是怎么从相知、相爱到相伴的
动词9 名词6 形容词3
副词1 介词短语1

2021年
新高考
I卷
记叙文
介绍第一次暑期打工的经历
动词8 名词4 形容词2
介词短语1
II卷
记叙文
警察破案
动词6 名词7 形容词2
全国卷
乙卷
夹叙夹议
女患者表达感激之情
动词9 名词7 形容词1
副词2动词短语1
甲卷
记叙文
作者住酒店的经历
动词10 名词5 形容词4
副词1

命题专家谈高考
1.选材特点
完形填空的体裁主要以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，主题语境包括人与自我、人与社会及人与自然，选材都是积极向上、充满正能量的文章，倡导至真至善至美的价值观。
2．考查特点
主要考查实词。一般情况下，名词和动词(短语)考查的数量在2/3以上。在能力方面着重考查考生的词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。
3．新高考新变化
(1)文章长度：200词左右，较以往20空完形填空有所减短。
(2)空格设置：由原来的20空变为15个空，分值也大大降低，由以往的30分降为15分。



技法四　析逻辑，索答案
语篇是由一些意义相关的句子根据一定的逻辑关系组织起来的语义整体。逻辑关系隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中，体现作者的写作思路和篇章意义，是贯穿整篇文章的主线。完形填空中的任何一道题该选哪个选项，在文中必有依据。因此，解答完形填空最基本的方法就是根据空格前后所提供的信息或上下文之间的逻辑关系，由逻辑关系中已知部分推断出未知部分，做出符合逻辑的判断。本文第10题可根据对立关系解题。
下面是完形填空中主要考查的七大逻辑关系：
(1)、对立关系
对立关系包括让步、对比和转折关系，常见的标志词和短语有：but，however，yet(然而，但是)，on the contrary(相反)，by contrast(相比之下)，unfortunately，although，even though，while，nevertheless(然而，不过)，whereas(然而)，in spite of(尽管)，regardless of(不管，不顾)，anyhow，after all(毕竟)，instead of(而不是)，rather than(而不是)，not...but...，otherwise(否则)，or else，to the opposite(对立面)，compared with等。
真题体验1　(2020·天津)
He has recently made a significant 16.discovery—loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes，but it can be 17 in a clever way.The 18.solution？Chat benches.
17．A.experienced B．suffered
C．prevented D．felt
答案　C
解析　根据空格前的but与空格后的“in a clever way”及“Chat benches.”可知，虽然孤独会导致很多问题，但可以通过长椅聊天的方式来预防(prevent)。
真题体验2　(2017·江苏)
...He swore to himself to 39.avoid music，as he hated getting to school extra early.
40 ，one day，in the music class that was 41.part of his school’s standard curriculum，he was playing idly(随意地) on the piano and found it 42.easy to pick out tunes.
40．A.Therefore B．However
C．Thus D．Moreover
答案　B
解析　本空应用过渡词，后文提到他在随意地弹钢琴(playing idly on the piano)，由此可知他开始接触乐器了，与上文构成语意上的转折关系，因此选however“可是”。therefore和thus表示因果关系；moreover表示递进关系。
(2)、并列和递进关系
并列和递进关系常用的标志词和短语有：and，even，or，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...，similarly等。
真题体验3　(2019·北京)
The students who he’s 15.driven have gone on to become physicians，teachers and engineers，but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson.Some students 16 call him “Grandpa”．
16．A.even B．ever
C．once D．already
答案　A
解析　根据语境，此处表示这些大学生视威尔逊为楷模和朋友，甚至(even)亲切地叫他“爷爷”。
真题体验4　(2020·天津)
Just a few days after the signs went up，he found people sitting there and engaging in active and 28 conversations.
28．A.formal B．joyful
C．awkward D．crazy
答案　B
解析　空格前的and连接两个表达相同感情色彩的词，均用来修饰conversations。由active可知，人们进行着积极愉快的(joyful)谈话。
(3)、目的和因果关系
目的和因果关系常用的标志词和短语有：because，for，since，as，thus(因此)，hence(因此)，therefore，so，so...that，such...that，in order that，in case，consequently(因此)，accordingly，due to，thanks to，on account of(由于，因为)，because of，seeing that(由于，因为)，in that(因为)，now that，as a result，for this reason等。
真题体验5　(2021·浙江)
My mother was so 51.touched by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier(收银员) a five-dollar bill to keep on hand 52 the same happened to someone else if they didn’t have enough 53.money for all of their groceries.
52．A.in case B．even if
C．as though D．so that
答案　A
解析　in case以防万一；even if即使；as though好像；so that以便。根据语境可知，受到陌生女士的启发，作者的母亲决定在收银台放5美元，以防别人也遇到类似的情况。
(4)、条件关系
条件关系常用的标志词和短语有：if，unless，whether，supposing，on condition that，provided that，depending on等。
经典体验6　(2019·江苏镇江一模)
As you mark off another “Earth Day” in your calendars，content that for at least 24 hours I remained in your thoughts，I wanted to remind you that I am sick.I’m frightened that 1 I can’t soon receive the appropriate medicine and care I need，my illness will become terminal beyond all cures.
1．A.when B．though
C．if D．unless
答案　C
解析　句意为：我担心如果我不能很快地得到我所需要的适当的药物和护理，就会变成不治之症。if引导条件状语从句。
(5)、时间关系
时间关系常用的标志词和短语有：before，since，as，until，meanwhile，at the moment，when，whenever，as soon as等。
真题体验7　(2020·江苏)
For him，it was one thing to 49.accept his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 50 it could be fixed so easily.This moved him to action.
50．A.until B．when
C．unless D．before
答案　B
解析　根据下文“This moved him to action.”可知，对他来说在可以如此容易解决的情况下，让事情继续下去完全是另一回事。when“当……的时候”，符合此处语境。
(6)、层次和顺序关系
层次和顺序关系常用的标志词和短语有：besides，finally，first，firstly，further，eventually，in the first place，last，next，second，secondly，third，thirdly，to begin with，to start with，on the one hand，on the other hand等。
真题体验8　(2018·江苏)
49 ，the couple found that their bodies turned for the better，with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 50.lost forever.
49．A.Initially B．Eventually
C．Temporarily D．Consequently
答案　B
解析　最后(eventually)，夫妻俩发现他们的身体都有所好转。initially最初；temporarily临时地；consequently因此，所以。
(7)、例证关系
例证关系常用的标志词和短语有：all in all，altogether，in brief，in sum，in conclusion，in short，in summary，on the whole，to sum up，to summarize，as a proof，as an example，for example，for instance，in particular，just as，namely，such as，that is，as to，say等。
经典体验9
“I hope this method would be put into practice in the near future， 1 in the next 10 years，” he says.
1．A.imagine B．say
C．suppose D．consider
答案　B
解析　say在此处用作举例，意为“譬如，比方说”。
技法五　据搭配，知答案
完形填空中，有时会涉及短语，以动词短语为主，偶见介词短语等。解题时，可以通过仔细观察和回忆所学知识，进行有效推断，选择正确答案。
真题体验　(2021·天津3月)With that thought in mind，Pruitt 22 a plan and posted it on the community website.He 23 to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it.He also asked for unwanted bikes，which he would repair—again 24.for free.And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn’t have the 25.budget to buy one.
22．A.came up with B．stuck to
C．gave up D．broke away from
答案　A
解析　come up with提出；stick to坚持；give up放弃；break away from脱离。根据后文“a plan and posted it on the community website”可知，此处指想出了一个计划，come up with符合语境。
23．A.remembered B．refused
C．hesitated D．offered
答案　D
解析　remember to do sth.记得未做的事；refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事；hesitate to do sth.犹豫做某事；offer to do sth.主动提出做某事。结合后文“to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it”指Pruitt提议为他人免费修车。
技法六　重平行，觅逻辑
文章中的意群总是通过一定的逻辑关系连在一起，特别是并列平行的结构。这些结构要么通过标点符号体现，要么通过并列连词连接。一般来说，这些平行结构所表达的语境是一致的，考生解题时要特别注意这一点。
真题体验　(2020·全国Ⅰ)
One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48.lie.
47．A.win out B．give up
C．wake up D．stand out
答案　C
解析　根据空格后的discover可知，此处表示总有一天孩子们会醒悟过来(wake up)。win out终于成功；give up放弃；stand out突出，显眼。



精做高考真题
1、（2021·天津·高考真题）
My brother and I are exactly one year apart. We look like twins, but we are completely ____1____ . By the time we got to middle school it was clear that my older brother ____2____ meditation (冥想),while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical, even when off stage. I took his relative silence to be offensive. We simply didn't ____4____.
I didn't ____5____ having a tense relationship with my brother because I was involved at school. ____6____, I threw myself into the world of musicals. I practised singing in the bedroom every day to remain at my best and be ____7____ for roles; my brother would meditate on a window seat. He might feel high school was already hard enough ____8____ my noisy singing. So space to practise became a（n）____9____ between us because we shared a room.
At the start of the semester, I practised “Circle of Life" for a musical. This was the first time I _____10_____ to learn a song, because my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice. I was annoyed in that period and _____11_____ practising, declaring I had reached the ceiling of my singing career. For the first time in years my brother _____12_____ quiet when I got home.
After two days of this, my brother asked me to _____13_____ him in meditation. Feeling my anger at my inability to manage this song _____14_____,I accepted. My brother said, "When your mind floats away, you simply come back. Don't blame yourself" I got the message, and it soon became my new _____15_____. I kept trying at the song, no longer getting _____16_____ at myself. And just in time for the trial performance, I was able to _____17_____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice. It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything _____18_____ the first time and that good things come with continual _____19_____.I now understand why my brother favours the _____20_____.
1．A．mature B．different C．content D．normal
2．A．disliked B．preferred C．replaced D．abandoned
3．A．writer B．leader C．painter D．performer
4．A．get along B．drop by C．show off D．check in
5．A．try B．mind C．enjoy D．delay
6．A．In particular B．In vain C．In return D．In theory
7．A．humorous B．ordinary C．competitive D．grateful
8．A．above B．below C．near D．without
9．A．issue B．contrast C．agreement D．balance
10．A．struggled B．expected C．promised D．decided
11．A．began B．allowed C．stopped D．continued
12．A．hated B．experienced C．accepted D．wanted
13．A．help B．invite C．join D．admire
14．A．gracefully B．suddenly C．fiercely D．cautiously
15．A．limit B．sentence C．mistake D．philosophy
16．A．rude B．angry C．surprised D．excited
17．A．lose B．share C．reduce D．maintain
18．A．wrong B．right C．back D．down
19．A．luck B．absence C．effort D．fear
20．A．fight B．noise C．quiet D．safety
【语篇解读】
本文是夹叙夹议文。作者喜欢表演，哥哥喜欢冥想，二者性格爱好完全不同，关系紧张。在作者遭遇失败时，哥哥教给他冥想，作者从中悟出了做事的哲理，取得了成功。
【详情解析】
1．【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们看起来像双胞胎，但实际上我们是完全不同的。A. mature成熟的；B. different不同的；C. content满意的；D. normal正常的。根据下文“my older brother ____2____ meditation (冥想),while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical,”哥哥喜欢冥想而作者喜欢表演，前后对比可知二者性格不同。故选B。
2．【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A. disliked不喜欢；B. preferred更喜欢；C. replaced取代；D. abandoned抛弃，放弃。根据句中对比的内容“while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical”和preferred呼应，可知哥哥更喜欢冥想。故选B。
3．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A. writer作家；B. leader领导者；C. painter画家；D. performer表演者。根据“the theatrical ,even when off stage.”和下文的“in time for the trial performance”可知作者喜欢表演。故选D。
4．【A】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们就是合不来。A. get along相处，进展；B. drop by顺便拜访；C. show off炫耀；D. check in登记，报到。根据上句“I took his relative silence to be offensive.”及下文“a tense relationship with my brother”作者和哥哥性格和爱好不同，作者甚至认为哥哥相对沉默是一种冒犯，可知两人相处地不好，关系紧张。故选A。
5．【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不介意和我哥哥关系紧张，因为我在学校很忙。A. try试图，努力；B. mind介意；C. enjoy欣赏，享受；D. delay推迟，延误。根据句中“because I was involved at school.”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知在学校很忙，在家依然我行我素，并不介意和哥哥的关系。故选B。
6．【A】考查介词短语辨析。句意：特别是，我全身心地投入了音乐剧的世界。A. In particular尤其，特别；B. In vain徒劳；C. In return作为回报；D. In theory理论上。根据上文“preferred the theatrical”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知作者非常喜欢音乐。故选A。
7．【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我每天在卧室里练习唱歌，以保持最佳状态，争取角色；我哥哥会坐在靠窗的座位上冥想。A. humorous幽默的；B. ordinary普通的，平常的；C. competitive竞争的；D. grateful感激的。根据“I practised singing in the bedroom every day” 作者每天练习，可知竞争很激烈。故选C。
8．【D】考查介词词义辨析。句意：就算没有我吵闹的歌声，他也会觉得高中已经够难的了。A. above超过，在……之上；B. below在……下面；C. near在……附近；D. without没有。哥哥经常冥想，作者认为即使没有自己吵闹的歌声，哥哥也会觉得高中很难。故选D。
9．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以练习的空间成了我们之间的问题，因为我们共用一个房间。A. issue问题，发行；B. contrast对比，差异；C. agreement同意，一致；D. balance平衡。根据上文“a tense relationship with my brother”和句中“we shared a room.”可知练习唱歌的空间是作者和哥哥之间的问题。故选A。
10．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次费劲地学歌，因为当我切换到头音时，我的声音嘶哑了。A. struggled奋斗，努力；B. expected预期，盼望；C. promised允诺，许诺；D. decided决定。根据“my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice”可知作者学歌很费劲。故选A。
11．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我很恼火，停止了练习，宣称自己已经达到了歌唱事业的顶峰。A. began开始；B. allowed允许，准许；C. stopped停止；D. continued继续。根据下文“my brother ____12____ quiet when I got home.”家里安静了，可知作者停止了练习唱歌。故选C。
12．【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回家时，哥哥多年来第一次感到安静。A. hated厌恶；B. experienced体验，经历；C. accepted接受；D. wanted想要。因为作者停止在家唱歌了，哥哥体验到了家里的安静。故选B。
13．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样过了两天，我哥哥要我和他一起冥想。A. help帮助；B. invite邀请；C. join参加；D. admire钦佩。根据下文“I accepted”可知哥哥让作者和他一起冥想，作者同意了。故选C。
14．考【A】查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己无法优美地驾驭这首歌很生气，于是就接受了。A. gracefully优美地，优雅地；B. suddenly突然；C. fiercely猛烈地；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据下文“I was able to ____17____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice.”可知作者想优美地驾驭这首歌。故选A。
15．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白了这个意思，它很快就成为了我的新哲学。A. limit限度；B. sentence句子，判决；C. mistake错误；D. philosophy哲学。根据下文“It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything ____18____ the first time and that good things come with continual ____19____.”可知作者把哥哥的话作为自己的哲学。故选D。
16．【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直试着唱这首歌，不再生自己的气了。A. rude粗鲁的；B. angry生气的；C. surprised吃惊的；D. excited兴奋的。与上文“I was annoyed in that period和my anger at my inability”呼应，可知作者开始因为自己唱不好生气，现在想明白了，不生气了。故选B。
17．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在试演的时候，尽管换了头音，我还是能保持唱歌的能力。A. lose丢失；B. share分享；C. reduce减少；D. maintain保持。根据句中“was able to”和下文“good things come with”可知作者成功保持了唱歌的能力。故选D。
18．【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好的事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A. wrong错误的；B. right正确的；C. back后面的；D. down情绪低落的。根据作者的经历和常识可知，第一次做事不一定能做好。故选B。
19．【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好的事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A. luck运气；B. absence缺席；C. effort努力；D. fear害怕，担心。根据上文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”和“I kept trying at the song”可知只有不断努力才能成功。故选C。
20．【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在明白我哥哥为什么喜欢安静了。A. fight斗争，打架；B. noise噪音；C. quiet安静，和平；D. safety安全。根据上文“my older brother ____2____ meditation”“my brother would meditate on a window seat.”可知哥哥喜欢冥想，喜欢安静。故选C。
2、（2021·全国·高考乙卷）
Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___21___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___22___ of gratitude (感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___23___. We had a woman patient who was ___24___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___25___ to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was ___26___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___27___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___28___, and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks.
She was ___29___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her ______30______ at her recovery. As she was ______31______ she was eager to say ______32______ to each of us in the nursing team. When she ______33______ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague ______34______ to accept it, saying that we were all just ______35______ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then ______36______:“Oh this isn’t for the______37______ I had. I take that as a ______38______. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
    And there you have it. To many people,______39______lives is part of the job but styling hair is an ______40______ and should be rewarded.
21．A．cleaner B．chemist C．nurse D．doctor
22．A．grades B．meanings C．needs D．expectations
23．A．brushed aside B．put to the test C．brought under discussion D．taken into account
24．A．departing B．escaping C．retiring D．recovering
25．A．attempting B．choosing C．pausing D．promising
26．A．eventually B．fortunately C．casually D．secretly
27．A．assessing B．requiring C．forming D．proving
28．A．slightly B．accidentally C．slowly D．happily
29．A．grateful B．thoughtful C．sorrowful D．fearful
30．A．surprise B．delight C．curiosity D．disappointment
31．A．operating B．thinking C．hesitating D．leaving
32．A．sorry B．hello C．goodbye D．yes
33．A．reached B．consulted C．introduced D．persuaded
34．A．wished B．pretended C．failed D．refused
35．A．enjoying B．doing C．securing D．starting
36．A．repeated B．recited C．replied D．reported
37．A．courage B．patience C．duty D．care
38．A．goal B．given C．push D．greeting
39．A．risking B．changing C．saving D．building
40．A．honour B．ability C．opening D．extra
【语篇解读】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人的故事，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。
【详情解析】
21．【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist化学家；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。根据下文“As she was  ___31___  she was eager to say  ___32___  to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，当时作者是一名护士。故选C。
22．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那会容易得多。A. grades等级；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根据上文“Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.”可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那么感谢就容易得多了。故选A。
23．【B】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside不理会；B. put to the test接受考验；C. brought under discussion在讨论中；D. taken into account考虑。根据下文“She was  ___29___  for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.”以及语境可知，女病人对护士们的做法使得作者的想法很快进行了测验。故选B。
24．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A. departing离开；B. escaping逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢复。根据下文“from a knee replacement operation”可知，此处表示病人正在恢复中。故选D。
25．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病发作摔倒了。A. attempting试图；B. choosing选择；C. pausing暂停；D. promising承诺。根据上文“We had a woman patient who was  ___24___  from a knee replacement operation.”可知，她是膝盖有问题的病人，此处表示她试图上床睡觉。故选A。
26．【A】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病发作摔倒了。A. eventually最后；B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。根据上文“We had a woman patient who was  __24___  from a knee replacement operation.”以及下文“discovered to be a heart attack”可知，此处表示最终发现病人摔倒是因为心脏病。故选A。
27．【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估；B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving证明。根据上文“The collapse was disastrous”可知，此处表示需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B。
28．【C】考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然很慢，但她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly轻微地；B. accidently意外地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. happily幸福地。根据上文“the collapse was disastrous”以及“But she recovered, though”可知，此处表示她恢复得很慢。故选C。
29．【A】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的；D. fearful恐惧的。根据下文“As she was  ___31___  she was eager to say  ___32___  to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，她对大家的付出表示感激。故选A。
30．【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A. surprise惊喜；B. delight喜悦；C. curiosity好奇心；D. disappointment失望。根据下文“her recovery”可知，此处表示分享她康复的喜悦。故选B。
31．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她渴望和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. operating手术；B. thinking思考；C. hesitating犹豫；D. leaving离开。根据上文“On her day of discharge,”可知，女病人要出院了，此处表示当她即将离开医院时。故选D。
32．【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她渴望和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. sorry抱歉；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D. yes同意。根据下文“to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，此处表示女病人要出院时，渴望和护理团队的人说再见，say goodbye to sb.表示“和某人说再见”，符合语境。故选C。
33．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A. reached到达；B. consulted咨询；C. introduced介绍；D. persuaded说服。根据下文“one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand.”可知，此处表示她走到护士的身边。故选A。
34．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“saying that we were all just  ___35___  our job.”可知，作者的同事拒绝收下女病人给的钱。故选D。
35．【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enjoying享受；B. doing做；C. securing获得；D. starting开始。根据上文“My colleague  ___34___  to accept it, saying that we were all just”可知，此处表示作者的同事告诉女病人，她照顾病人只是做了自己应该做的事情。故选B。
36．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个病人看起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是为了昨天为我整理头发的。”A. repeated重复；B. recited背诵；C. replied回答，回应；D. reported报道。根据下文““Oh this isn’t for the ___37___  I had. I take that as a  ___38___. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.””可知，此处表示女病人对同事说的话的回应。故选C。
37．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人看起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是为了昨天为我整理头发的。”A. courage勇气；B. patience耐心；C. duty职责；D. care照顾。根据下文“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英镑。故选D。
38．【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人看起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是为了昨天为我整理头发的。”A. goal目标；B. given该给的东西；C. push推力；D. greeting招呼。根据下文“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知，此处表示女病人说她得到的照顾是护士们应该给她的（东西）。故选B。
39．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但发型是额外的，应该得到奖励。A. risking冒险；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救；D. building建设。根据上文“But she recovered, though  ___28___ , and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks.”以及常识可知，医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生命，此处表示很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。故选C。
40．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额外的事情，应该得到奖励。A. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开口处；D. extra额外的东西。根据上文“To many people, ___19___ lives is part of the job but styling hair is an”可知，此处表示做发型是本职工作以外的事情，即额外做的事情，应该得到奖励。故选D。
3、（2021·浙江·高考真题）
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to____41____on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA．Three months later I____42____myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was____43____at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of____44____, my worries had gone. Everyone was so____45____and like-minded that it was very____46____to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day____47____. We had to____48____everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a____49____way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to____50____a stairway out of rock. This____51____climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never____52____.
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The____53____of knowing that my____54____will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were____55____in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to____56____. I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only____57____part of my tent.
____58____, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I____59____. I think I am much____60____for having taken part in the project.
41．A．calculate B．negotiate C．advertise D．research
42．A．imagined B．introduced C．enjoyed D．found
43．A．annoyed B．surprised C．scared D．excited
44．A．arriving B．sleeping C．thinking D．walking
45．A．confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious
46．A．funny B．good C．lucky D．easy
47．A．tour B．project C．campaign D．course
48．A．drop B．make C．carry D．buy
49．A．nice B．safe C．long D．quick
50．A．build B．test C．clean D．guard
51．A．helped B．ended C．allowed D．meant
52．A．hunted B．trained C．seen D．fed
53．A．satisfaction B．ambition C．expectation D．intention
54．A．work B．memory C．record D．story
55．A．left B．caught C．attacked D．separated
56．A．boiling B．average C．normal D．freezing
57．A．tidy B．dry C．new D．soft
58．A．By the way B．Regardless of that C．Needless to say D．In either case
59．A．survived B．resisted C．escaped D．recovered
60．A．smarter B．stronger C．happier D．busier
【语篇解读】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。
【详情解析】
41．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A. calculate计算；B. negotiate协商；C. advertise登广告；D. research研究。根据前文的“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知，作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。
42．考【D】查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A. imagined想象；B. introduced介绍；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. found发现。根据前文的“I began to___41___on the Internet…”可知，作者之前还在网上查阅，三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。
43．【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A. annoyed烦恼的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. excited兴奋的。根据后面的“my worries had gone.”可知，我一开始很担忧。故选C项。
44．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A. arriving到达；B. sleeping睡觉；C. thinking思考；D. walking行走。根据“feel at home”得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A项。
45．【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. confident自信的；B. friendly友好的；C. energetic活力的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“and like-minded”可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。
46．【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. funny搞笑的；B. good好的；C. lucky幸运的；D. easy容易的。根据“that like-minded”和“feel at home”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。
47．【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tour游览；B. project项目；C. campaign活动；D. course课程。根据下文“for having taken part in the project”可知，这是在说当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B项。
48．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop掉下；B. make制作；C. carry携带；D. buy购买。根据下文“with a heavy pack”可知，作者他们要背负着必需品走。故选C项。
49．【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿像是着了火。A. nice好的；B. safe安全的；C. long长的；D. quick快的。根据前文“walk three miles”可知，作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。
50．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build建造；B. test测试；C. clean清洁；D. guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知，作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。
51．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A. helped帮助；B. ended结束；C. allowed允许；D. meant意味。根据“climbing up and down”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。
52．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕猎；B. trained训练；C. seen看到；D. fed喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作者以前没有见过。故选C项。
53．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. satisfaction满意；B. ambition雄心；C. expectation期待；D. intention意图。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。故选A项。
54．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. work工作，作品；B. memory回忆；C. record记录；D. story故事。根据上文的“My job was to”以及“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。
55．【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我们被困在雷雨中。A. left离开；B. caught捉住；C. attacked袭击；D. separated分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B项。
56．【D】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：温度接近零度。A. boiling煮沸的的；B. average平均的；C. normal正常的；D. freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。故选D项。
57．【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A. tidy干净的；B. dry干的；C. new新的；D. soft软的。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“part of my tent”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。
58．【C】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way顺便问一下；B. Regardless of that尽管这样；C. Needless to say 不用说；D. In either case在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。
59．【A】考查动词辨析。句意：但是我知道不论人生中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A. survived生存；B. resisted反抗；C. escaped逃离，抓牢；D. recovered恢复。根据上文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A项。
60．【B】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A. smarter更聪明的；B. stronger更强壮的；C. happier更快乐的；D. busier更忙碌的。根据前文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.”可知，作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。
　挑战名校考题
1、 （2023届湖南省长沙市长郡中学高三期中质量检测）
My 7-year-old daughter always has her nose in a book. She even continued reading in the car on the long drive to summer camp, where she lost the book. This is the first lost ___1___book in my life. In my childhood, my family had always been expected to be ___2___, but we were poor, and I didn’t own books. I had to borrow books. My library books lived on a ___3___shelf while they were mine, and it ___4___me when I had to return them to the library on the due day.
However, my daughter has more books now than I owned during my whole childhood. So it’s probably my ___5___that she didn’t cherish the books. “Sorry. I can’t find it.” My daughter said with a shrug, “We just pay $ 20 for the book. What’s the big ___6___?” The missing library book just met with a cold ___7___from her, but it met with nail-biting ___8___from me. I walked into the library in a deep ___9___as if I had lost the book.
Feeling the need to make her feel responsible for the book, I asked her to do the chores. She agreed to clean up all the pets’ houses ___10___my paying the library book. I’d meant the chore to be ___11___!
Surprisingly, she was enjoying herself. I took a picture of her lovely back. So, was I winning or losing at ___12___? Did I teach her the ___13___of keeping a library book if the picture I took shows she is working ___14___?
To my ___15___, my little girl knew what matters in her life. She could devote herself to the chores as much as books.
1．A．school B．reference C．story D．library
2．A．powerful B．practical C．academic D．employed
3．A．wasted B．dusty C．present D．specific
4．A．pained B．accompanied C．abandoned D．lost
5．A．work B．reason C．fault D．duty
6．A．worry B．question C．case D．deal
7．A．shoulder B．power C．refusal D．excuse
8．A．impression B．effort C．effect D．concern
9．A．respect B．thought C．shame D．shock
10．A．in need of B．in trade for C．in terms of D．in favor of
11．A．punishment B．recovery C．encouragement D．promise
12．A．studying B．parenting C．arguing D．fighting
13．A．benefit B．method C．commitment D．demand
14．A．seriously B．unwillingly C．professionally D．constantly
15．A．disappointment B．relief C．regret D．sorrow
【语篇解读】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的记叙文。讲述了作者想起自己小时候买不起书，对图书馆借来的书的珍惜和渴望，而自己的女儿却不在意丢失了图书馆的书。作者通过让女儿做家务的方式惩罚女儿丢书，并希望可以教会她懂得责任和承诺的重要性。
【详情解析】
1．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我一生中遗失的第一本书。A. school学校；B. reference参考；C. story故事；D. library图书馆。由上文“ where she lost the book.”可知，女儿借来的书丢了，也算是作者人生中第一次丢书。故选D。
2．【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的童年时代，我的家人总是被期望学习，但是我们很穷，我没有自己的书。A.powerful强大的；B. practical实际的；C. academic学术的；D. employed被雇佣的。根据后文“but we were poor, and I didn’t own books (但我们很穷，我没有书)”but表示转折，可知，作者的家人总是被期望学习。故选C。
3．【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从图书馆借来的书，在属于我的时候，都放在特定的书架上，当我不得不在到期的那一天把书还给图书馆时，我感到很痛苦。A.wasted浪费的；B. dusty有灰尘的；C. present目前的；D. specific特定的。根据本句“My library books (我从图书馆借来的书)”以及“while they were mine (在属于我的时候)”可知，此处特指作者的书放在特定的架子上。故选D。
4．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pained刺痛；B. accompanied陪伴；C. abandoned抛弃；D. lost丢失。根据上句“My library books lived on a 　　3　　shelf while they were mine,(我从图书馆借来的书，在属于我的时候，都放在特定的书架上)”可知，作者非常喜欢书，因此每次归还书的时候都会让作者感觉痛苦。故选A。
5．【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不珍惜书籍可能是我的错。A.work工作；B. reason理由；C. fault错误；D. duty义务。根据上句“However, my daughter has more books now than I owned during my whole childhood(然而，我女儿现在拥有的书比我整个童年拥有的书还多)”可知，女儿拥有很多的书却不知道珍惜，作者认为是自己的过错。故选C。
6．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这有什么大不了的？A. worry担心；B. question问题；C. case情况；D. deal交易。根据上句“We just pay $ 20 for the book. (我们只花了20美元买这本书)”可知，作者的女儿认为这没有什么大不了的。固定句式：What’s the big deal?“有什么大不了？”故选D。
7．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对图书馆丢失的那本书不理不睬，但我却对此忧心忡忡。A. shoulder肩膀；B. power力量；C. refusal拒绝；D. excuse借口。根据上文““Sorry. I can’t find it.” My daughter said with a shrug (对不起。我找不到它了。女儿耸耸肩说)”可知，女儿找不到书只是耸了耸肩，故此空对应上文女儿的反应，故选A。
8．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. impression印象；B. effort努力；C. effect影响；D. concern关心。根据后句“I walked into the library in a deep 　　9　　as if I had lost the book.( 我带着深深的羞愧走进图书馆，好像我把书丢了)”可知，图书馆丢失的那本书遭到了女儿的冷漠对待，但却引起了作者的极大关注。对于女儿丢书的不在意，作者却非常关心，故选D。
9．【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带着深深的羞愧走进图书馆，好像我把书丢了。A. respect尊重；B. thought想法；C. shame羞耻；D. shock震惊。根据后句“as if I had lost the book(好像我把书丢了)”可知，作者非常在意图书馆丢失的书，因此带着仿佛是自己丢失了书的深深的羞愧感走进图书馆，故选C。
10．【B】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：她同意把所有宠物的房子都打扫干净，以作为我付图书馆书钱的交换。A.in need of需要；B. in trade for以……换得；Cin terms of依据；D. in favor of支持。根据上句“Feeling the need to make her feel responsible for the book (觉得有必要让她觉得自己对这本书有责任)”以及本句“my paying the library book (作为我付图书馆书钱的交换)”可知，作者让女儿把所有宠物的房子都打扫干净，以作为付图书馆书钱的交换。故选B。
11．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以为做家务是一种惩罚！A.punishment惩罚；B. recovery恢复；C. encouragement鼓励；D. promise承诺。根据上文“Feeling the need to make her feel responsible for the book (觉得有必要让她觉得自己对这本书有责任)”可知，作者是将做家务作为女儿的惩罚。故选A。
12．【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么，我在养育孩子这件事上到底是赢还是输呢?？A. studying学习；B. parenting父母对子女的养育；C. arguing争执；D. fighting打架。根据上文“She agreed to clean up all the pets’ houses 　　10　　my paying the library book. (她同意把所有宠物的房子都打扫干净，以作为我付图书馆书钱的交换)”以及上文“Surprisingly, she was enjoying herself.(令人惊讶的是，她做家务很开心)”可知，作者本想惩罚女儿做家务，结果发现女儿还很喜欢做家务。因此作者反问自己在育儿上到底是赢了还是输了。故选B。
13．【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我拍的照片显示她在认真地工作，我教会了她承担义务，保存图书馆书籍了吗？A. benefit 利益；B. method方法；C. commitment承诺；承担义务；D. demand要求。根据上文“Feeling the need to make her feel responsible for the book (觉得有必要让她觉得自己对这本书有责任)”可知，作者想要教会女儿承担责任义务。故选C。
14．【A】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.seriously认真地；B. unwillingly不愿意地；C. professionally专业地；D. constantly持续地。由上文“Surprisingly, she was enjoying herself.(令人惊讶的是，她做家务很开心)”可知女儿喜欢做家务，做得很认真。故选A。
15．【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我欣慰的是，我的小女儿知道什么是她生命中最重要的。A. disappointment失望；B. relief 安慰；C. regret后悔；D. sorrow悲伤。根据下文“my little girl knew what matters in her life. (我的小女儿知道什么是她生命中最重要的)”可知，女儿已经认识到生活中重要的事情，很让作者安慰。故选B。
2、（2022-2023学年度重庆南开中学高三上学期第二次质量检测英语试题）
I still remember the first time I told my then-six-year-old son, Lev, that a clam(蚌) makes calls with its “shell phone”. The laugh of ___16___ when he first got the joke was a moment I won’t ever forget. When I told it a second time in front of his friends Henry and Amir, I could see how ___17___ he was that I had made his friends laugh.
By Lev’s ninth birthday party, things had begun to change. After the seventh or eighth time I asked him “What do you call some with no body and no ___18___?” he simply ___19___ his eyes. “I get it, Dad…”
“…Nobody knows!”
“Stop it, Dad!”
I’m pretty sure I heard him say “Sorry about my dad” to his friends as they all ran ___20___ to play on their phones together.
I used to be the life of every party. When I was only an uncle, all the kids loved my jokes. Sure, there were other dads with theirs, but I felt as if ___21___ ever stole my honour. My wife long ago turned a blind eye to me, but she knew that my never-ending ___22___ for laughter from kids, no matter how ___23___ , was in my blood.
I tell you all this because after a lot of soul-searching, I’ve come to realize that I’ll never be able to ___24___ my past success. I need our relationship to grow. I need to be able to talk to my children, about topics ____25____ how a witch’s car goes “broom, broom”.
Thus, I’m offering my entire ____26____ of jokes for sale on the open market. I’m ____27____ with them all and it feels like the right time to sell my legacy(遗产) to some ____28____ new dad. As with all great works of art, my jokes are ____29____. But I can tell you that the first time you get your kid to laugh at the line “l don’t trust lifts because they always ____30____ you down, you’ll feel its worth any price.”
16．A．admission B．recognition C．agreement D．gratitude
17．A．ashamed B．embarrassed C．amazed D．proud
18．A．mouth B．ears C．nose D．eyes
19．A．rolled B．closed C．moved D．caught
20．A．after B．around C．off D．over
21．A．somebody B．nobody C．anybody D．everybody
22．A．longing B．respect C．pity D．reputation
23．A．urgent B．excited C．awkward D．unique
24．A．hand over B．compete with C．lay out D．turn down
25．A．other than B．such as C．no matter D．as to
26．A．story B．theory C．performance D．collection
27．A．done B．disappointed C．sorry D．frustrated
28．A．helpful B．real C．deserving D．professional
29．A．normal B．enjoyable C．affordable D．priceless
30．A．take B．drag C．let D．keep
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者喜欢给孩子们讲笑话，让他们开心。
【详情解析】
16．【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他第一次明白这个笑话时，被人认可的笑声是我永远不会忘记的。A.admission允许；B.recognition识别，认可；C.agreement同意；D.gratitude感激。根据下文“when he first got the joke was a moment I won’t ever forget.”可知，当他第一次明白这个笑话时，发出了认可的笑声，这一刻让作者永远不会忘记。故选B。
17．【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我第二次当着他的朋友亨利和埃米尔的面讲这件事时，我可以看出他是多么的骄傲，因为我让他的朋友们都笑了。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.amazed惊讶的；D.proud自豪的。根据下文“I had made his friends laugh”可知，作者让他的朋友们笑了，说明他非常自豪。故选D。
18．【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你叫没有身体和没有鼻子的人什么？A.mouth嘴；B.ears耳朵；C.nose鼻子；D.eyes眼睛。根据后文“…Nobody knows!”可知，这里的knows和nose是同音的单词。故选C。
19．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他仅仅转动了一下眼，说“我明白了，爸爸”。A.rolled滚动；B.closed关闭；C.moved移动；D.caught抓住。根据下文“I get it”可知，他应该是转动着眼睛，说“明白了”。故选A。
20．【C】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我很确定我听到他对他的朋友们说“对不起我爸爸”，因为他们都跑去一起玩手机了。A.after之后；B.around四处；C.off断开；D.over在…上方。根据下文“to play on their phones together.”可知，他们是跑开了。故选C。
21．【B】考查代词词义辨析。句意：当然，还有其他爸爸和他们在一起，但我觉得好像从来没有人偷过我的荣誉。A.somebody某人；B.nobody没有人；C.anybody任何人；D.everybody每个人。根据上文“Sure, there were other dads with theirs”和but表示转折，说明作者觉得好像没有人偷走过他的荣誉。故选B。
22．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很久以前，我的妻子对我视而不见，但她知道，我渴望孩子们的笑声，无论多么尴尬，这种渴望永无止境地存在于我的血液中。A.longing渴望；B.respect尊敬；C.pity遗憾；D.reputation名声。根据上文“I had made his friends laugh”可知，作者让他的朋友们笑了，说明作者渴望让孩子们开心。故选A。
23．【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第7题详解。A.urgent紧急的；B.excited兴奋的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.unique独特的。根据上文“but she knew that my never-ending 　　22　　 for laughter from kids, no matter how”可知，作者的妻子知道，他对孩子们笑声的永无止境的渴望是作者的天性，无论多么尴尬。故选C。
24．【B】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我告诉你这一切，因为经过大量的自我反省，我意识到我永远无法与我过去的成功抗衡。A.hand over移交；B.compete with与……竞争；C.lay out布局；D.turn down拒绝。根据下文“I need our relationship to grow”可知，作者需要他们的关系发展得更好，是因为经过一番自我反省后，作者意识到他永远无法与过去的成功相提并论。故选B。
25．【A】考查固定短语辨析。句意：我需要能够和我的孩子谈论除了女巫的车如何“扫帚，扫帚”之外的话题。A.other than除了；B.such as例如；C.no matter无论；D.as to关于。根据上文“I need our relationship to grow”可知，作者需要他们的关系发展得更好，所以需要讨论很多的话题。故选A。
26．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我将在市场上出售我所有的笑话集。A.story故事；B.theory理论；C.performance表演；D.collection收集。根据下文“As with all great works of art, my jokes are 　　29　　.”可知，如同所有伟大的艺术作品一样，作者的笑话是无价的，说明他收集了很多的笑话。故选D。
27．【A】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我写完了这些笑话，并且感觉是时候把我的遗产卖给一些值得的新手爸爸了。A.done完成的；B.disappointed失望的；C.sorry抱歉的；D.frustrated压抑的。根据下文“it feels like the right time to sell my legacy(遗产) to some 　　28　　 new dad.”可知，感觉是时候把我的遗产卖给一些值得的新爸爸了。说明我写完了这些笑话。be done with，“完成”的意思。故选A。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A.helpful有帮助的；B.real真实的；C.deserving值得的；D.professional专业的。我写完了这些笑话，并且感觉是时候把我的遗产卖给一些值得的新手爸爸了。故选C。
29．【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如同所有伟大的艺术作品一样，我的笑话是无价的。A.normal正常的；B.enjoyable喜欢的；C.affordable担负的起的；D.priceless无价的。根据上文“As with all great works of art”可知，如同所有伟大的艺术作品一样，作者的笑话是无价的。故选D。
30．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不信任电梯，因为它们总是让你向下走，说明使你失望。A.take带走；B.drag拖拽；C.let让；D.keep保持。根据上文“I don’t trust lifts”可知，作者不信任电梯，因为它们总是让你向下走，说明使你失望。故选C。
3、（2023届江西省名校工作高三上学期联合测试卷）
I used to be the most faithful resolution-maker(目标制定者). Every January 1st, I would ___31___ sit down and write out my resolutions for the new year. And I always made  ___32___ ones like: I will lose 50 pounds! And I’ll run a marathon! But they ended up more like ___33___ than plans. By February or March, I’d be out of ___34___ . Then every winter, I’d feel ashamed that I didn’t ___35___ my resolutions.
Things changed after I was diagnosed with cancer. One good thing I could say about cancer was that it reshaped my ___36___ . I learned that I could decide to ___37___ at any time. January 1st is just a day, and it’s not ___38___ .
Looking back, I think one of my biggest ___39___ with New Year’s resolutions was wanting to “dream big” but not having the ____40____ to do those things. Though I had been used to ____41____ every year, I still felt surprised when it happened. Now I take the ____42____ approach: I manage to ____43____ the big dreams with little goals, which are specific and measurable. These types of goals will provide me with guidance that I need in order to ensure the progress I ____44____ made. Daily progress really has the power to ____45____ joy and engagement in me. And every time I check one of my goals off my list, I feel a burst of ____46____ .
Almost losing my life really makes me realize my life is so ____47____ that I shouldn’t waste it. Cancer gave me a sense of purpose and ____48____ me. From my illness, I have also learned there are much better ways to ____49____ myself than through New Year’s resolutions. As long as you take action and persist in working on your goals every day, you will eventually arrive at your ____50____ .
31．A．dutifully B．leisurely C．skillfully D．cautiously
32．A．enjoyable B．competitive C．ambitious D．reasonable
33．A．adventures B．preparations C．tests D．fantasies
34．A．willpower B．confidence C．sight D．inspiration
35．A．look up B．stick to C．cut down D．get over
36．A．body B．interest C．attitude D．responsibility
37．A．abandon B．cancel C．reflect D．start
38．A．ordinary B．popular C．lucky D．special
39．A．misunderstandings B．challenges C．problems D．worries
40．A．abilities B．savings C．qualities D．missions
41．A．arguing B．doubting C．failing D．discussing
42．A．opposite B．creative C．common D．safe
43．A．mix B．replace C．differ D．reduce
44．A．actually B．quickly C．sincerely D．especially
45．A．turn out B．bring out C．come across D．break down
46．A．pride B．surprise C．disappointment D．peace
47．A．tough B．cool C．precious D．exciting
48．A．forced B．motivated C．trained D．comforted
49．A．evaluate B．educate C．identify D．improve
50．A．destination B．paradise C．position D．stage
【语篇解读】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者得癌症后生活态度发生了改变，尤其对于新年决心也产生了不同的看法。
【详情解析】
31．【A】考查副词词义辨析。句意：每年的1月1日，我都会尽职尽责地坐下来写下我的新一年的目标。A.dutifully尽职尽责地；B.leisurely从容地；C.skillfully巧妙地；D.cautiously谨慎地。由上句“I used to be the most faithful resolution-maker（目标制定者）”可知作者过去是个最忠实的目标制定者，即作者觉得制定目标是非常必要的，故推知作者是尽职尽责地在每年的1月1日坐下来写下新一年的目标；故选A项。
32．【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我总是作出雄心勃勃的目标，比如：我要减掉50磅！我要跑马拉松！A.enjoyable有趣的；B.competitive有竞争力的；C.ambitious有野心的；D.reasonable合理的。由本句“I will lose 50 pounds! And I’ll run a marathon! ”可知，这些是看起来很宏伟的和富有野心的目标；故选C项。
33．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但它们最终更像是幻想而非计划。A.adventures冒险活动；B.preparations准备；C.tests测验；D.fantasies幻想。由本句中But可知出现了转折，推知作者制定的有野心的目标与预期不一样；本段最后一句“Then every winter, I’d feel ashamed that I didn’t ___35___ my resolutions. ”提到作者感到羞愧，推知作者的实际情况与制定的目标差距太大或者根本没有完成才会导致羞愧，故推知本处表述的是它们最后更像是幻想而不是计划；故选D项。
34．【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了2月或3月，我的意志力就会耗尽。A.willpower意志力；B.confidence信心；C.sight眼界；D.inspiration灵感。由下句“Then every winter, I’d feel ashamed that I didn’t ___35___ my resolutions. ”可知提到了作者感到羞愧，推测作者是没有坚持完成自己当初制定的目标，故推知到了2月或3月，作者的意志力就会耗尽；故选A项。
35．【B】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后每年冬天，我都会为自己没有坚持自己的决心而感到羞愧。A.look up查阅；B.stick to坚持；C.cut down削减；D.get over克服。由本句“I’d feel ashamed that I didn’t ___35___ my resolutions.”可知作者感到羞愧，推知是没有坚持完成自己当初制定的目标，故选B项。
36．【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于癌症，我能说的一件好事是它重塑了我的态度。A.body身体；B.interest兴趣；C.attitude态度；D.responsibility责任。由下文“I learned that I could decide to ___37___ at any time. January 1st is just a day, and it’s not ___38___ . ”可知作者知道他可以在任何时候决定一些事，1月1日只是一个日子；再结合文章第一段“Every January 1st, I would ___31___ sit down and write out my resolutions for the new year.”可见癌症重塑了作者的态度；故选C项。
37．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我了解到我可以决定在任何时候开始。A.abandon放弃；B.cancel取消；C.reflect反映；D. start开始。由文章第一段“Every January 1st, I would ___31___ sit down and write out my resolutions for the new year.”可知作者在每年的1月1日制定这一年的目标，推知作者认为1月1日是一年的开始，所以从这一天开始制定目标，从这一天开始朝着目标来执行，故推知本句“I learned that I could decide to ___37___ at any time. January 1st is just a day, and it’s not ___38___ ”表述的是作者知道了其实他可以决定从任何时候开始，而不是非要1月1日；故选D项。
38．【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1月1日只是一个日子，没有什么特别的。A. ordinary平凡的；B.popular受欢迎的；C.lucky幸运的；D.special特别的。由上句“I learned that I could decide to ___37___ at any time.”可知作者知道他可以在任何时候作决定，而不是非要1月1日，故推知1月1日仅仅是一个日子而已，没有什么特别的；故选D项。
39．【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：回顾过去，我认为我的新年决心最大的问题之一是想要“大梦想”，但没有能力去做那些事情。A.misunderstandings误会；B.challenges挑战；C.problems问题；D.worries担忧。作者每年1月1日定制的宏伟目标到最后都没有完成，说明这个目标本身是有问题的，目标太过大了或者是不切实际的，故推知空处表述的是“问题”；故选C项。
40．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：回顾过去，我认为我的新年决心最大的问题之一是想要“大梦想”，但没有能力去做那些事情。A.abilities能力；B.savings节约；C.qualities品质；D.missions任务。由本句“I think one of my biggest ___39___ with New Year’s resolutions was wanting to “dream big”but not having the ___40___ to do those things.”可知作者说他的新年决心是想要“大梦想”，但是最后却没有坚持完成，所以对于这些“大梦想”，作者是没有能力去完成的；故选A项。
41．【C】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我已经习惯了每年的失败，但当它发生时，我仍然感到惊讶。A.arguing争论；B.doubting怀疑；C.failing失败；D.discussing讨论。由前文“Then every winter, I’d feel ashamed that I didn’t ___35___ my resolutions.”可知每年冬天，作者都要感到羞愧，推知每年冬天作者都是没有完成当初制定的目标，即作者失败了；故选C项。
42．【A】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我采取了相反的方法：我设法用具体的、可衡量的小目标取代大梦想。A.opposite相反的；B.creative有创造力的；C.common普通的；D. safe安全的。由本句“ I manage to ___43___ the big dreams with little goals, which are specific and measurable.”可知提到了大梦想和小目标，这两个是截然相反的，故推知空处表示的是“相反的”；故选A项。
43．【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我采取了相反的方法：我设法用具体的、可衡量的小目标取代大梦想。A. mix使混合；B.replace取代；C.differ相异；D.reduce减少。因为作者之前制定的新年目标都是大梦想，而每年都以失败告终，故推知本处表述的是用具体的、可衡量的小目标来取代大梦想，故空处表示“取代”；故选B项。
44．【A】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这些类型的目标将为我提供我所需要的指导，以确保我实际所取得的进展。A.actually实际上；B. quickly快地；C.sincerely真诚地；D. especially特别的。由本段最后一句“And every time I check one of my goals off my list, I feel a burst of ___46___ . ”可知提到每当从目标清单上面勾选一个目标，即划出已经实现的目标，这些都是作者实际上所取得的进展。故选A项。
45．【B】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每日的进步真的有激发我内心的快乐和参与感的力量。A.turn out结果是；B.bring out激发；C.come across偶然发现；D.break down打破。由本句“Daily progress really has the power to ___45___ joy and engagement in me.”可知提到了每日的进步的力量，这个力量是积极向上的，与后面的快乐和参与感是相对应的，都是积极的，故推知是这股力量“激发”了作者的快乐和参与感；故选B项。
46．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次我从清单上勾选一个目标，我都会感到一阵骄傲。A.pride骄傲；B.surprise惊讶；C.disappointment失望；D.peace和平。因为作者每年都经历失败，而在调整战略后，作者能够完成，推知作者每次在清单上面把已实现的目标勾选时是骄傲的，因为他不像以前那样，每年都失败；故选A项。
47．【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几乎失去我的生命真的让我意识到我的生命是如此宝贵，我不应该浪费它。A.tough棘手的；B.cool凉爽的；C.precious宝贵的；D.exciting令人兴奋的。分析本句“Almost losing my life ”推知本处表述的是作者明白他的生命是如此宝贵而不能浪费，故选C项。
48．【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：癌症给了我目标感，并激励了我。A. forced强迫；B.motivated激励；C.trained训练；D.comforted安抚。因为作者以前是在每年1月1日都会制定他自己根本不能完成的“大梦想”，但在他患癌症之后，改变了以前的做法，并且能看到每日的进步，作者说他不能浪费生命，因此可以说是癌症激励了作者；故选B项。
49．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从我的病中，我也学到了有很多更好的办法比通过新年决心更能改进自己。A.evaluate评估；B.educate教育；C.identify识别；D.improve改进。作者制定像减肥、跑马拉松这样的大梦想的初衷是想使自己获得改进和提升，，故选D项。
50．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：只要你采取行动，坚持每天不断地朝着你的目标努力，你最终会到达你的目的地。A.destination目的地；B.paradise天堂；C.position位置；D.stage舞台。分析本句“As long as you take action and persist in working on your goals every day,”可知，努力和坚持最终能让人们到达目的地，即最终的目标；故选A项。
4、（2023江苏省南京市镇江市高三上学期第一次八校联考试题）
One summer night, my friends and I stole into the Jordans’ backyard and started harvesting their sweet, juicy raspberries (树莓). We were enjoying every bite of the tasty berries___51___Mr Jordan came charging outside all of a sudden.
“What are you boys doing out here?” he yelled as my friends ran off___52___all directions. He attempted to catch one or two as they rushed past him, but they were too___53___for the older gentleman to catch. Within seconds, the boys___54___into the dark of the summer night. All except me.
However, speed was never my___55___. I took the tongue-lashing(痛骂) that Mr Jordan gave me as he marched me down the block to my house, where my mother took over and scolded me___56___. My friends said they could hear every___57___word she spoke from the darkness of our backyard, where they had gathered to___58___their escape and to observe my capture.
They teased me about it for days afterwards, while all I could do was complain about how___59___it was that I was the only one who had to pay the price. After about a week of this, I complained to my father about the inequality of the situation. Dad said, “You took raspberries without____60____, and you get exactly the punishment you deserved.”
“But what about the other guys?” I asked. “They didn’t get punished at all!”
“That’s not my concern nor should it be yours,” Dad said. “You can’t____61____what happens to others. You can only____62____what happens to you. You made a bad choice that night, and you were punished for it.”
____63____the duration of the following years, I come to realize there is no guarantee that life will treat us fairly. That’s why we can’t____64____comparing our lives with the lives of others. Like Dad said, that isn’t our____65____.
51．A．before B．while C．when D．after
52．A．towards B．in C．at D．from
53．A．smart B．foxy C．swift D．intelligent
54．A．hid B．marched C．hurried D．disappeared
55．A．strength B．power C．intention D．option
56．A．cruelly B．bitterly C．mercilessly D．pitifully
57．A．colorful B．offensive C．violent D．creative
58．A．negotiate B．celebrate C．plot D．congratulate
59．A．unhappy B．frustrating C．disappointing D．unfair
60．A．thinking B．warning C．asking D．informing
61．A．control B．predict C．accept D．explain
62．A．put up with B．get away with C．agree with D．deal with
63．A．In B．For C．Through D．Since
64．A．get stuck in B．get engaged in C．be involved in D．be buried in
65．A．problem B．complaint C．concern D．choice
【语篇解读】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文叙述了作者和伙伴们偷树莓，但是唯独作者被抓到，并受到了惩罚由此引起作者对生活的感悟。
【详情解析】
51．【C】考查连词词义辨析。句意：。我们正津津有味地吃着美味的浆果，突然乔丹先生冲了出来。A. before在……之前；B. while当……时候 ，正在那时；C. when当……时候；D. after在……之后。be doing sth when……“正在做某事正在那时”为固定句型。故选C项。
52．【B】考查介词词义辨析。句意：“你们在外面干什么?”我的朋友们朝四面八方跑去时，他喊道。A. towards向；B. in在……里；C. at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；D. from来自。根据下文“He attempted to catch one or two”可知，作者的朋友们朝四面八方跑去。in all directions“四面八方”。故选B项。
53．【C】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当它们从他身边冲过时，他试图抓住其中一两个，但他们跑得太快了，老先生没能抓住。A. smart聪明的；B. foxy狡猾的；C. swift敏捷的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据下文“Within seconds, the boys ___54___ into the dark of the summer night.”可知，他们跑得太快了。故选C项。
54．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几秒钟后，男孩们消失在夏夜的黑暗中。A. hid隐藏；B. marched前进；C. hurried匆匆；D. disappeared消失。根据上文“but they were too ___53___ for the older gentleman to catch.”可知，男孩们消失在夏夜的黑暗中。故选D项。
55．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，速度从来都不是我的强项。A. strength力气，优势；B. power力量；C. intention 意图；D. option选择。根据上文“All except me”可知，速度从来都不是作者的强项。故选A项。
56．【B】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我挨了乔丹先生的一顿臭骂，他带着我穿过街区回到了我的家，母亲接过了我的手，愤怒地骂了我一顿。A. cruelly残忍地；B. bitterly愤怒地，痛苦地；C. mercilessly残忍地；D. pitifully可怜地。根据上文“I took the tongue-lashing(痛骂)”可知，作者挨了乔丹先生的一顿臭骂，妈妈也愤怒地骂了作者。故选B项。
57．【A】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们说，他们能在我们后院的黑暗中听到她说的每一个精彩的词，他们聚集在那里庆祝他们的逃脱，并观看我被捕。A. colorful丰富多彩的；B. offensive无礼的；C. violent暴力的；D. creative有创造力的。根据上文“where my mother took over and scolded me ___56___”可知，他们能在我们后院的黑暗中听到妈妈说的每一个精彩的词，colorful丰富多彩的，这是朋友们的一种戏谑的说法。故选A项。
58．【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们说，他们能在我们后院的黑暗中听到她说的每一个精彩的词，他们聚集在那里庆祝他们的逃脱，并观看我被捕。A. negotiate协商；B. celebrate庆祝；C. plot密谋；D. congratulate祝贺。根据上文可知，所有的朋友头逃跑了，所以他们聚集在那里庆祝他们的逃脱。故选B项。
59．【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来他们拿这件事取笑了我好几天，而我能做的就是抱怨这是多么不公平，我是唯一一个要为此付出代价的人。A. unhappy不快乐的；B. frustrating令人沮丧的； C. disappointing令人失望的；D. unfair不公平的。根据下文“I was the only one who had to pay the price.”可知，我能做的就是抱怨这是多么不公平。故选D项。
60．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸说:“你没问就拿了树莓，你得到了你应得的惩罚。”A. thinking思考；B. warning警告；C. asking问； D. informing告知。根据上文“my friends and I stole into the Jordans’ backyard”可知，作者是偷了树莓，所以没问就拿了树莓。故选C项。
61．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你无法控制发生在别人身上的事。A. control控制；B. predict预测；C. accept 接受；D. explain解释。根据常识以及只有作者被惩罚而其他人逃脱了可知，你无法控制发生在别人身上的事。故选A项。
62．【D】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你只能处理发生在你身上的事情。A. put up with忍受；B. get away with侥幸成功；C. agree with同意；D. deal with处理。根据上文“you get exactly the punishment you deserved.”可知，你只能处理发生在你身上的事情。故选D项。
63．【B】考查介词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几年里，我逐渐意识到生活不一定会公平对待我们。A. In在……里；B. For因为，（表示时间）持续；C. Through通过； D. Since自从。根据“the duration of the following years”可知，for+一段时间。故选B项。
64．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我们不能执着于把自己的生活和别人的生活进行比较。A. get stuck in下定决心做；B. get engaged in参与；C.  be involved in参与；D. be buried in专心于。根据上文“After about a week of this, I complained to my father about the inequality of the situation. Dad said, “You took raspberries without ___60___ , and you get exactly the punishment you deserved.”“But what about the other guys?” I asked. “They didn’t get punished at all!”以及作者的感悟可知，这就是为什么我们不能执着于把自己的生活和别人的生活进行比较故选A项。
65．【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像爸爸说的，那不是我们关心的事。A. problem问题；B. complaint抱怨；C. concern关心；D. choice选择。根据上文“That’s not my concern nor should it be yours”可知，就像爸爸说的，那不是我们关心的事。故选C项。
5、（2023届江苏省淮安市两校（楚州中学、新马中学）高三上学期10月联考）
When I was seven years old and my sister Amy was just five years old, we were playing on top of a bunk bed. I thought without help or any ____66____ from me at all, suddenly Amy disappeared off of the top of the bunk bed and  ____67____ with a crash on the floor. I nervously peered over the side of the bed and saw that she had landed ____68____ on her hands and knees on the ground. I was nervous because my parents had ____69____ me with making sure that we played as ____70____ as possible. I saw my sister’s painful face threatening to ____71____ from her mouth and threatening to wake up my parents. So I did the only thing my little seven-year-old ____72____ could think to do to change this ____73____. I said, “Amy, Amy, wait. Don’t cry…No human lands on all fours like that. Amy, I think this means you’re a unicorn (独角兽). “ ____74____, that was cheating, but there was nothing in the world my sister would want more than the unicorn. Instead of crying, instead of ____75____ our play, with all the negative consequences that would have waited for me, a smile ____76____ across her face. She climbed onto the bunk bed again with all the grace of a baby unicorn, with one ____77____ leg.
What we ____78____ unconsciously at that tender age is something called positive psychology. It’s not necessarily the reality that shapes us, but the lens (棱镜) through which your brain ____79____ the world that shapes your reality. And if we can change the lens, believe me we can change every single educational and business ____80____ at the same time.
66．A．hug B．drag C．risk D．push
67．A．perceived B．completed C．landed D．exploded
68．A．crazily B．painfully C．happily D．widely
69．A．provided B．awarded C．shared D．charged
70．A．safely B．warmly C．loudly D．mildly
71．A．jump B．erupt C．complain D．mourn
72．A．face B．head C．brain D．soul
73．A．tragedy B．chance C．shock D．legend
74．A．Oppositely B．Obviously C．Similarly D．Consequently
75．A．ceasing B．continuing C．envying D．replacing
76．A．proceeded B．slid C．spread D．stretched
77．A．broken B．slim C．freezing D．dead
78．A．adapt to B．come across C．pay for D．point out
79．A．changes B．imagines C．views D．creates
80．A．appearance B．person C．protest D．outcome
【语篇解读】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。小时候，“我”和妹妹玩耍的过程中，妹妹从床上掉落，而“我”编造了一个谎言改变了事情的结局。通过这件事情，“我”联想到了用积极的心理看待世界的重要性。
【详情解析】
66．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，没有任何帮助，也没有任何来自我的推动，突然艾米从双层床的顶部消失了，坠落在地板上。A. hug拥抱；B. drag拖；拉；C. risk危险；风险；D. push推。根据下文“suddenly Amy disappeared off of the top of the bunk bed ”可知，从作者角度来看，他觉得妹妹不知道怎么会掉下床，他觉得自己没有推妹妹。故选D。
67．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. perceived察觉；感觉；B. completed完成；C. landed着陆；跌落；D. exploded爆炸。根据后文“with a crash on the floor”及“saw that she had landed ”可知，妹妹从床上跌落在地上。故选C。
68．【B】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我紧张地从床的侧面看过去，看到她痛苦地双手和膝盖着地。A. crazily疯狂地；B. painfully痛苦地；C. happily 开心地；D. widely广泛地。根据常识和后文中的“I saw my sister’s painful face”可以看出妹妹从双层床上跌落是非常痛的。故选B。
69．【D】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很紧张，因为我的父母要求我确保我们尽可能安全地玩耍。A. provided提供；B. awarded授予；C. shared分享；D. charged赋予……职责。根据上文得知“我”是哥哥，所以父母会让我照顾好妹妹。我很紧张，因为父母已经叮嘱过我，一定要保证妹妹和我玩耍的时候注意安全。故选D。
70．【A】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. safely安全地；B. warmly热情地；C. loudly大声地；D. mildly温和地。解析同第四题。故选A。
71．【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到我妹妹痛苦的脸，预示着她要喊出来，预示着她的喊声要叫醒我的父母。A. jump跳；B. erupt突然发出（尤指叫喊）；C. complain抱怨；D. mourn哀悼。根据下文“threatening to wake up my parents”可知，妹妹疼的想要叫喊，这样会叫醒我的父母。所以此处指她痛的要喊出声来。故选B。
72．【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我做了我七岁的小脑袋能想到的唯一一件事来改变这个悲剧。A. face脸；B. head头；C. brain大脑；D. soul灵魂。根据下文“No human lands on all fours like that. Amy, I think this means you’re a unicorn (独角兽).”可知，我对妹妹撒谎骗她。所以此处指我脑子里想到的事。故选C。
73．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. tragedy悲剧；B. chance将会；C. shock打击；D. legend传说。根据前文内容和“I was nervous because my parents had 　　71　　　me with making sure that we played as 　　72　　　 as possible.”可知，妹妹从床上掉落到了地上，父母要求我确保我们安全地玩耍，妹妹摔下床疼得要交出声来，这会惊醒父母，这对我来说是一个悲剧。故选A。
74．【B】考查副词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这是撒谎。但我妹妹最想要的就是独角兽了。A. Oppositely相反地；B. Obviously明显地；C. Similarly相似地；类似地；D. Consequently因此。根据前文“I think this means you’re a unicorn (独角兽).”后文“ that was cheating”可知，我对妹妹跌落在地上的样子，说她是独角兽，是明显的欺骗。故选B。
75．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有哭，没有停止我们的游戏，也没有带来等待我的所有消极后果，她的脸上慢慢地露出了笑容。A. ceasing停止；B. continuing继续；C. envying 妒忌D. replacing替换。根据下文“She climbed onto the bunk bed again ”可知，妹妹再次爬到床上和我一起玩，所以此处指我们没有停止玩耍。故选A。
76．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. proceeded开始；继续进行；B. slid滑落；C. spread（脸上）慢慢流露出；D. stretched伸展。根据前文“I saw my sister’s painful face threatening to 　71　　from her mouth”及本句“a smile 　76　　across her face”可知，从开始的痛苦的脸到微笑出现在脸上，笑容的出现是缓慢的。故选C。
77．【A】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她又爬上了双层床，带着独角兽宝宝的优雅姿态，断了一条腿。A. broken伤残的；B. slim苗条的；C. freezing冰冻的；严寒的；D. dead死的。根据前文“ Amy disappeared off of the top of the bunk bed and 67 with a crash on the floor”妹妹从架子床上跌落在地板上，可推知，妹妹摔伤了腿。故选A。
78．【B】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们在幼年时无意识地遇到的是一种叫做积极心理学的东西。A. adapt to适应；B. come across偶尔遇见；C. pay for支付；D. point out指出。根据前文“Amy, Amy, wait. Don’t cry…No human lands on all fours like that. Amy, I think this means you’re a unicorn (独角兽).”及“a smile 　76　　across her face”可知，我看到妹妹痛苦的样子，我骗她说她是独角兽，这让她忘记了疼痛，脸上露出微笑，这个事实上是积极的心理暗示，所以此处指这个叫积极心里学的东西是偶尔发现的。故选B。
79．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：并不一定是现实世界造就我们，而是我们大脑用来看世界的那个镜片造就了我们的现实世界。A. changes改变；B. imagines想象；C. views看；观看；D. creates创造。根据前文“It’s not necessarily the reality that shapes us but the lens ”及下文“ the world ”可知，镜片是用来看东西的，故选C。
80．【D】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们可以改变镜头，相信我，我们可以同时改变每一个教育和商业成果。A. appearance外观；B. person人；C. protest抗议；D. outcome结果。结合本句中“we can change the lens, believe me we can change every single educational and business”可知，如果我们可以换一副镜片，我们就可以改变每一个结果。故选D。