高考英语二轮语法回顾与训练学案：代词、连词、并列句（含答案）

高考二轮语法回顾与训练---代词、连词、并列句

1.代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。

连词连接单词、短语、从句或句子，不单独作句子成分。

并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句并列在一起构成。常见的并列句结构是：简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句。

2.考点归纳

代词

1、人称代词：在句中用作主语、表语和宾语等，有人称、性、数与格之分。

She hesitated a moment, then sat down beside me and said: “oh, it’s you.”

2、物主代词

（1）形容词性物主代词一般作定语。

With its minority villages and impressive landscapes, Yunnan had a lot to offer.

（2）名词性物主代词作主语、宾语、介词宾语和表语。

You have taken my pen by mistake. Yours is in the box. Please give me mine.

3、反身代词：当主语和宾语所指的人或物相同时，常用反身代词。他们必须在人称、性质、数上保持一致，在句中作宾语、同位语或表语。

Great people are those who always devote themselves to helping others.

I read those two lines over and over. I was ashamed of myself.   

Bob is not quite himself today. 鲍勃今天感到不适。

He has turned against his wife. He himself doesn’t know why. 他和他妻子作对。他自己也不知道为什么。

4、疑问代词：常见的有who, whom, whose, what, which。

Who is to blame for this fault?  

Whom are you talking about?   

What kind of activities do people do in a theme park?  

If you have a chance to visit one of the parks, which will you visit？

Whose is this umbrella?   

5、指示代词：专门用来指出或标示人或物的一类代词。常见的有this, that, these, those, such, same, so, it。

There is no such thing as a free lunch.  

The evidence for this theory is that the atoms that make up the rocks on the moon seem to be different from those on earth. 

6、不定代词

不指明替代任何特定名词或形容词的代词。常见的有：some, somebody, someone, something, any, anybody, anyone, anything, no, nobody, no one, nothing, all, both, neither, none, either, each, everyone, everybody, everything, other, another, much, many, few, a few, little, a little, one。

All possible means have been taken to prevent the river being polluted. 

Today’s festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and others for special people or event. 

The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. 

Canada is a country where fresh water is more than that in any other country in the world.

7、关系代词

关系代词是可引导从句的关联词。常见的有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as等。

You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job, which can be of great help for you to get the job.   

Laughter is the sun that / which drives winter from the human face. 

The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.

However, the next king of Prussia, Frederick William I, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.  

连词

连词是连接单词、短语、从句或句子的一种虚词，在句中不单独作句子成分。连词按其性质主要分为两大类：并列连词和从属连词。

1、并列连词：

并列连词用来连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子（详见并列句）。

2、从属连词：

从属连词是用来引导名词性从句和状语从句的。

（1）引导名词性从句的连词常有：连接代词who(ever), whom(ever), whose(ever), which(ever),

what(ever) 和连接副词when, where, how, why等。另外还有that（无意义）；if / whether（是否）。

（2）引导副词性状语从句的连词有很多，它包括：

A. 时间状语从句连词：when, whenever, before, after, as, as soon as, once, since, ever since, till, until, while…

B. 地点状语从句连词：where, wherever;

C. 原因状语从句连词：because, since, now that, as;

D. 结果状语从句连词：so…that…, such … that…, so that;

E. 目的状语从句连词：so that, in order that;

F. 方式状语从句连词：as, as if, as though;

G. 比较状语从句连词：as…as…, not as / so…as…, than;

H. 条件状语从句连词：if, unless, as long as, in case (that) ;

I. 让步状语从句连词：though, although, even though, no matter who / whoever, no matter which / whichever, no matter what / whatever, no matter how / however, whether…or…, while（虽然）, as（尽管）。

3、部分连词用法解析

（1）祈使句 + and + 陈述句 = If you…, you will…

          祈使句 + or + 陈述句= If you don’t …, you will…

Give me a chance, and I’ll give you a surprise. 

Treat your friends well, or you will miss much pleasure.  

（2）Scarcely / Hardly… had sb done…when…(did)…

No sooner…had sb done… than…(did)… （一…就…）

Scarcely / Hardly had he got home when it began to rain.        

= No sooner had he got home than it began to rain. 

（3）either…or…, neither…nor…, not only …but also …, or, not…but… 连接并列的主语时，谓语动词的数要与其邻近的主语的数一致（即就近原则）。

One or two friends are coming this evening. 

Either you or I am going to be in charge of this matter. 

Neither the teacher nor the students like this song. 

Not only you but also your father is coming.  

（4）both…and…的否定句表示部分否定。

He can’t play both tennis and volleyball. 它并不是既会打网球又会打排球。

并列句

由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子叫并列句。常见的并列连词有：

1、同等关系的并列连词：and, not only…but also…, both…and…, as well as…, then, when, neither…nor…,

In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals. 

Not only can I speak English freely, but I have learnt American culture.

2、转折对比关系的并列连词：but, yet, while, still, however, nevertheless。

My grandmother, however, understood the door that education could open even in tough economic times. 

He has treated you badly: still, he’s your brother and you should help him.

3、选择关系：or, otherwise, either…or…

We have to face a choice: either to reject the new language and spend the rest of our lives wishing Shakespeare were alive, or to keep pace with the Internet age and welcome the new English called Weblish. 我们必须面临一种选择：要么拒绝新的语言，用余生来幻想莎士比亚还活着，要么跟上互联网时代的步伐，去迎接新的网络语言。

Do as you are told, otherwise / or you will be in trouble.  

4、因果关系：常用so, for, therefore。

I am crazy about outdoor activities, especially camps, so I will grasp this chance.

Mr. Smith had neither wife nor children, for he liked nothing but drink.

5、其他连词：rather than, not…but…等

- You seemed to be impressed by his skill.

- Not exactly so. It was his courage rather than his skill that really impressed me. 是他的勇气并非他的技术给我留下了深刻的印象。

Not what you say but what you do matters a lot.  

强化训练

一、填空，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

1. My brother would like________ (buy) a good watch but________ was available from that shop.

2. The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but________ contained any useful

suggestions.  

3. You are a team star! Working with________ is really your cup of tea.  你是球队明星!与他人合作必须是你喜欢做的事。（one’s cup of tea 某人喜欢做的事情。）

4. A smile costs________, but gives much. 

5. We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose________ based on ________ own interest.

6. One man’s meat is ________ man’s poison. (各有所爱) 

7. His is________ a united family________ the villagers all admire it. 

8. It is so cold that you can’t go outside ________fully covered in thick clothes.

9.To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the________.

10. Make up your mind, ________ you will fail to grasp the chance.

11.Truth may be blamed, ________ never be shamed. 真理可能被责难，但绝不受羞辱。

12. You can ask ________ for help. Because everyone here is willing to lend you a hand.

13. ________ than give a full smile, sometimes we would turn up the corners of our mouths 

14. Buying flowers is what most students will do. However, I want to do________ different.

15. ________ history cannot be changed, lessons can be learned to face the future,

二、改错：每句错误最多两处。涉及一个单词的增加、删除和修改。

1. I want very much to buy this iPhone, and I cannot afford that.

2. I’d like to buy a present for father’s birthday, that at a proper price but of great use.

3. None of us could agree on where to go on vacation, and we went to different places, they to Shanghai and me to Xiamen. 

4. We started the game confidently, but they soon became apparently that our opponents were too strong for us.

5. Some babies begin talk as early as six months old; the others don’t speak until they are over two years old.

6. Charlie spent his childhood looked after his sick mother as well as her little brother.

7. He was social failure and was loved for his optimism to overcome difficulties.

8. As it is known to all, sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

9. Devote yourself to the daily task thoroughly, you will have a much high chance of success.

10. Interesting in the club you advertised, I would appreciate a lot if you could provide me with further information.

参考答案：

一、填空

1. to buy; none  2. neither  3.others  4. nothing  5. one; your  6. another  7. such; that  8. unless  9. other  10. or  11. but  12. anyone  13. Rather   14. something  15. Though /Although / While

二、改错

1. and - but; that - it      

2. father’s前加my; that - one

3. and - so; me - I      

4. they - it; apparently - apparent;

5. talk - talking; the 去掉    

6. looked - looking; her - his

7. failure前加a; and - but    

8. It删除; sun前加the

9. you前加and; high - higher   

10. interesting - interested; a前加it