外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习40 ：选择性必修4 Unit 4　Everyday economics （含解析）

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选择性必修第四册　Unit 4　Everyday economics

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

The closure of the US­Canada border, has been extended to June 21 due to a propagative disease. This is having a 1. ________ (significance) economic impact in British Columbia, particularly in the tourism industry.

This closure includes tourist traffic. Tourism is the 2. ________ (large) industry in the Vancouver area, directly employing 70，000 full­time jobs. Walt Judas, 3. ________ is the CEO of the Tourism Industry Association of BC, says the industry understands the reason 4. ________ the border closure. Although there are no hard economic numbers yet, it is having a major impact.

“Having the borders 5. ________ (close) really hurts a number of small businesses throughout the province, particularly those that welcome almost completely US visitors，” Judas said. “The border closures have a big impact on our industry.”

British Columbia 6. ________ (enter) Phase Two of a restart plan now. Although most retail (零售) does not 7. ________ (official) have to close, hair and nail salons or “personal services” are able to legally reopen, and dining in restaurants and pubs is allowed, all with 8. ________ (restriction)．

With 1.5 times 9. ________ population of BC, Washington state 10. ________ (it) has seen 7.4 times the number of deaths and infections from the disease.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。由于一种可怕的传播疾病的出现，美国和加拿大边境的关闭时间延长到6月21日。这对不列颠哥伦比亚省产生了重大的经济影响，特别是旅游业。文章主要说明了边境关闭对不列颠哥伦比亚省的影响和不列颠哥伦比亚省的应对措施。

1. significant　考查形容词。根据后文的名词“impact”可知，空处应用形容词significant作定语，表示“重大的”。故填significant。

2. largest　考查形容词的最高级。句意：旅游业是温哥华地区最大的产业，直接雇用了7万个全职工作岗位。结合句意可知表示“最大的”，应用形容词最高级largest。故填largest。

3. who　考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Walt Judas，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。

4. for　考查固定搭配。表示“……的原因”，应用固定表达the reason for... 。故填for。

5. closed　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，close在句中应用非谓语动词形式，属于“have sth. done”结构，close与borders构成被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填closed。

6. is entering　考查动词的时态。结合后文中的“now”可知，表示目前正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，且主语为British Columbia，be动词应用单数形式。故填is entering。

7. officially　考查副词。修饰后文的动词短语have to close应用副词officially，表示“正式地”。故填officially。

8. restrictions　考查名词的单复数。with为介词，后跟名词restriction作宾语，且此处前面没有冠词，应用名词复数形式。故填restrictions。

9. the　考查固定用法。表示“……的人口”，应用固定表达“the population of...”。故填the。

10. itself　考查代词。此处指代Washington state自身，应用反身代词itself。故填itself。

B

2019 is another milestone for China's film industry as eight of the year's top 10 1. ________ (high) grossing films in the Chinese mainland's box office charts 2. ________ (be) Chinese films. The Chinese mainland's box office hit an all­time high with a total of 63.7 billion yuan (around 9.1 billion US dollars). It remains a difficult task, 3. ________， for Chinese films to appeal to North American moviegoers and achieve similar success 4. ________ national borders. Chinese films have long faced 5. ________ uphill, cross­cultural challenge to break the code regarding 6. ________ attracts international interest. Frequent 7. ________ (complain) about Chinese films range from “too different to identify with”， or “too long and confusing”， or simply “too Chinese”．The difference in stories and storytelling styles is significant, because Chinese stories unique to China are 8. ________ (familiar) in the West. Hollywood producer Jeff Most told Xinhua, “These are rich cultural traditions China wants to share but they need 9. ________ (introduce) to Western audiences in a way 10. ________ highlights the universal aspects of the story that everyone can all relate to, rather than the different cultural references that are confusing to the westerners.”

【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。2019年是中国电影行业的又一个里程碑，今年中国大陆票房收入前10名的电影中有8部是中国电影。但中国电影要想吸引北美观众并在海外取得同样的成功，仍然是一项艰巨的任务。

1. highest　考查形容词的最高级。句意：2019年是中国电影行业的又一个里程碑，今年中国大陆票房收入前10名的电影中有8部是中国电影。根据“the”可知，此处指收入最高的前十名，所以用形容词最高级，故填highest。

2. are　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处在讲一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时态，且句子的主语是films，为名词复数形式，故填are。

3. however　考查副词。句意：然而，中国电影要想吸引北美观众并在海外取得同样的成功，仍然是一项艰巨的任务。前后之间构成转折关系，因为横线后面有逗号，故填however。

4. beyond　考查介词。句意：然而，中国电影要想吸引北美观众并在海外取得同样的成功，仍然是一项艰巨的任务。介词beyond表示“超过，越过”。根据横线后面的national borders“国家边界”可知，此处指“超过”国界。故填beyond。

5. an　考查不定冠词。此处指面临“一个”挑战，所以名词uphill前用不定冠词，且uphill是以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。

6. what　考查宾语从句。此处regarding“至于”是介词，后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句缺少主语，所以所填词要起双重作用，故填what。

7. complaints　考查词性转换和名词的单复数。此处Frequent“频繁的”是形容词，修饰名词，且谓语动词是range，不是第三人称单数形式，所以作主语的名词应该用其复数形式，故填complaints。

8. unfamiliar　考查形容词。句意：故事内容和讲故事风格的差异是显著的，因为中国特有的中国故事在西方并不常见。此处指“不常见的”，所以用familiar的反义词unfamiliar“不熟悉的”。故填unfamiliar。

9. to be introduced/introducing　考查固定搭配。need doing/to be done表示“需要被……”，动名词或动词不定式的被动式作宾语。故填to be introduced/introducing。

10. that/which　考查定语从句。此处way是先行词，指物，关系词在后面的定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 他们从我们公司买的是一台家用机器人。(定语从句)

It was a household robot that they purchased from our company.

2. 老师建议我们多读书来开阔我们的视野。(虚拟语气)

The teacher advised that we (should) read more books to broaden our view.

3. 我坚信真正重要的是你的态度和品质。(what)

I hold the firm belief that what really matters is your attitude and quality.

4. 我们发现班长太幸运了能得到那个著名音乐家的指导。(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)

We found our monitor lucky enough to get guidance from the famous musician.

5. 事实是我们不知道如何解决这个问题。(how to do)

The fact is that we have no idea how to solve the problem．

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

(2021·河北保定调研)We're so attached to plastic, but we're careless consumers. Waste plastic is entering our ecosystems and food chains with untold consequences. Cleaning up our polluted world of plastic may seem a noble, but thankless task. However, some people are seeing economic opportunity in the mission.

Plastic Bank, a social enterprise from Canada, is monetizing plastic recycling while empowering those most affected by the waste. It works to prevent waste plastic from entering oceans by encouraging people in developing countries to collect plastic from their communities in exchange for cash, food, clean water or school tuition for their children. After collection, plastic is weighed, sorted, chipped, melted into balls and sold on as “raw material” to be made into everything from bottles for cleaning products to clothing.

“I saw in large quantities; I saw an opportunity，” CEO David Katz told the audience at the Sustainable Brands Oceans conference in Porto, Portugal on November 14. “We reveal the value in this material，” he added.

Plastic Bank was founded in 2013 and launched on the ground operations in 2014 in Haiti, the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, where close to 60% of the population live under the poverty line. As a result of poor waste disposal and recycling infrastructure (基础设施), plastic waste enters rivers or is burned and poses the health threats to the local residents.

The company says it has over 2，000 collectors working in the country, with its full­time collectors on average 63% above the poverty line thanks to the income they make from the project. Through its app based payment system, many collectors now have bank accounts for the first time, and are able to ultimately escape ultra poverty.

“Nothing we're doing is against the laws of physics，” said Katz. “All the technology exists for us to solve and save the world. It's only creative thought.”

1. What is Plastic Bank aimed to do?

A. Test out creative ideas.

B. Discover new materials.

C. Promote plastic recycling.

D. Stop people using plastic.

2. Which of the following shows the process of monetizing in Paragraph 2?

A. Purchasing — collecting — recycling.

B. Exchanging — collecting — purchasing.

C. Collecting — exchanging — reproducing.

D. Persuading — consuming — reproducing.

3. What do the numbers in Paragraph 5 indicate?

A. Haiti attaches great importance to recycling.

B. Many locals benefit greatly from the project.

C. Collecting is an efficient way to recycle waste.

D. The project has solved unemployment in Haiti.

4. What may be the best title for the text?

A. Companies Stand to Ban Plastic Consumption

B. Technology Finds Its Way to Kick off Poverty

C. David Katz Speaks at the Conference in Porto

D. Plastic Bank Is Fighting Against Plastic Waste

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一家名叫Plastic Bank的公司在促进循环利用塑料的同时盈利并给发展中国家的人带来收入的事情。

1. C　细节理解题。根据Plastic Bank定位到第二段，根据第二段第一句和第二句可知， 塑料银行在“monetizing”塑料循环利用，这里的monetizing是生词，但可以根据第二句话理解，第二句句意为“它致力于通过鼓励发展中国家的人从他们的社区里收集塑料来交换现金、食物、干净的水或孩子的学费来阻止塑料废品进入海洋”，所以monetizing应该是“变现”的意思，所以Plastic Bank的目的是促进塑料的循环利用，故选C。

2. C　细节理解题。第二段第二句中的it代指monetizing，介绍了过程。根据第二句的句意可知，过程为“收集—交换—再生产”，故选C。

3. B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The company says it has over 2，000 collectors working in the country, with its full­time collectors on average 63% above the poverty line thanks to the income they make from the project.”可知，许多人从这个项目中获得了收入，所以这些数字的罗列是为了表明许多人从这个项目中受益，故选B。

4. D　标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句“However, some people are seeing economic opportunity in the mission.”可知，本篇文章是讲一些人在循环利用塑料中发现了商机，而接下来的每一段讲的都是Plastic Bank做的事情，所以这里的一些人指的是Plastic Bank，且最后一段中提到负责人说他们所做的事情并不违法，而是在拯救世界，故选D。

Ⅱ. 阅读七选五

Most young adults prefer to have a separate or independent life from their parents or families as soon as possible. This is because they have strong urge for freedom in doing what they desire.   1   This should not be surprising since often they are actually not ready mentally although they are physically ready. It's widely understood that to live independently requires a lot of energy and it's not easy at all. In this twenty­first century, people may need more and more preparation because competition is increasing rapidly.   2   Therefore, they will not be able to support and fulfill their necessities.

  3   Some young adults may need to take more time to prepare themselves before going out to struggle. Taking time to get more education and living with their families for a longer time may lead them to a better independent life because they will be well prepared for the hard life outside. Still living with families for too long will not be a good idea because they could get too used to it and tend to be less independent.

  4   He or she must decide whether they're ready to leave their parents to have an independent life or not. The decision will vary from one person to another. A person should judge that he/she is capable of fulfilling his/her needs without being dependent on his/her parents; this indicates that he/she is ready for his/her independent life.   5 

A. But in fact many of them fail.

B. Conflicts appear between young adults and their parents.

C. So living independently at an early age is not suitable for all young adults.

D. Otherwise he/she might need to stay longer with his/her parents.

E. The time to live independently depends on the person himself.

F. Enjoying freedom is the first thing young adults take into consideration.

G. An observation shows that many university graduated students are unemployed.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。大多数年轻人都喜欢尽快脱离父母或家庭过独立的生活，但实际上很多人都失败了。文章主要分析了年轻人独立生活失败的原因。

1. A　根据后文“This should not be surprising since often they are actually not ready mentally although they are physically ready.”可知，本句是在说明那些渴望独立生活的年轻人，因为精神上还没有准备好，所以很多人实际上独立生活都失败了，故选A。

2. G　根据后文“Therefore, they will not be able to support and fulfill their necessities.”可知，本句是在说明这些年轻人无法维持和满足自己的生活所需是因为许多大学毕业生没有工作，故选G。

3. C　根据后文“Some young adults may need to take more time to prepare themselves before going out to struggle.”可知，本句是在说明不是所有人都适合独立生活，一些年轻人需要花更多的时间来做好准备。故选C。

4. E　结合后文“He or she must decide whether they're ready to leave their parents to have an independent life or not. The decision will vary from one person to another.”可知，一个人要独立生活的时间取决于个人不同的情况，因人而异。故选E。

5. D　根据上文“A person should judge that he/she is capable of fulfilling his/her needs without being dependent on his/her parents; this indicates that he/she is ready for his/her independent life.”可知，本句承接上文说明，一个人只有有能力在不依赖父母的情况下满足自己的需要才能独立生活，否则就需要和父母待更久。故选D。

Ⅲ. 完形填空

Minh Best, born without arms, loves to paint and she's found a unique way to approach her work. To   1   her paintings, she uses her foot to hold the brush. The girl has not let anything   2   her back, especially from doing what she loves: painting.

Her paintings have   3   from an artistic hobby into a way for Minh and her parents, Sarah Best and Justin Best, to raise money for her to   4   Camp No Limits. “Camp No Limits is a camp for children with limb (肢体) differences，” Sarah Best said. “We are trying to   5   to the West next year as there are campers like Minh and we want her to   6   them.”

Online and direct messages with specific requests are   7   ways Minh's paintings have been sold. “Several people have told us, with tears in their eyes, how   8   they are to get to see her do what she loves，” Sarah Best said.

The family has already raised more than $5，000, helping pay for travel   9   to two camps just this year. “  10   she attends these camps, she'll know she's just one of the crowd，” Sarah Best remarked.

As her drawings continue to   11   the shelves, Minh's family would love to be able to help other kids attend these camps and offer financial assistance through these   12  . “Attending these camps, she's already   13   others as well，” Best said. “Again, her love for life is just catching and it gives people of all ages   14  ， even at these camps.”

Minh will continue to paint, cook, dance and do everything that brings her joy   15   limitations.

1. A. sell B. enjoy C. promote D. make

2. A. hold B. call C. bring D. give

3. A. risen B. grown C. ranged D. stayed

4. A. attend B. witness C. experience D. deliver

5. A. move B. walk C. travel D. cycle

6. A. argue with B. catch up with C. fit in with D. agree with

7. A. normal B. common C. original D. unique

8. A. blessed B. annoyed C. considerate D. adorable

9. A. plans B. books C. aims D. expenses

10. A. Since B. Though C. When D. Because

11. A. run into B. pass down C. apply for D. fly off

12. A. lessons B. classes C. donations D. comments

13. A. hurt B. inspired C. prevented D. offended

14. A. money B. hope C. experiences D. paintings

15. A. without B. despite C. over D. through

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了喜欢绘画的无臂女孩Minh Best通过售卖自己的画作来参加夏令营的故事。

1. D　根据下文中的“she uses her foot to hold the brush”可知，她用脚握住画笔是为了完成自己的画作。故选D。

2. A　根据上文中的“she uses her foot to hold the brush”可知，小女孩不顾一切都要画画，没什么能阻止她。所以此处用固定短语hold back表示“阻止”。故选A。

3. B　根据下文中的“from an artistic hobby into a way for Minh and her parents, Sarah Best and Justin Best, to raise money for her”可知，画画发展成了一种筹钱的方式。故选B。

4. A　根据下文中的“she attends these camps”可知，小女孩想参加这个夏令营。故选A。

5. C　根据下文中的“helping pay for travel”可知，Minh要去很远的西部参加夏令营。故选C。

6. C　根据上文中的“as there are campers like Minh”可知，这个夏令营的孩子都和Minh一样，所以希望Minh能够融入其中。故选C。

7. B　根据下文中的“As her drawings continue to   11   the shelves”可知，Minh会将绘画作品放在网上平台售卖，所以推断出这是她最常见的销售方法。故选B。

8. A　上文说到残疾的Minh画画很不容易，所以能看见她的作品是非常幸运的。故选A。

9. D　根据上文中的“5 000多美元”可知，此处讲的是此次活动的花费。故选D。

10. C　上文说到Minh 参加的夏令营中有很多和她一样的孩子，所以当Minh参加夏令营时，就知道自己是其中一员。故选C。

11. D　根据下文中的“help other kids attend these camps and offer financial assistance”可知，Minh的家人想要帮助其他的孩子是因为Minh的画被卖出了，才能够帮助其他人。fly off本意为“飞走”，这里指画被卖出了。故选D。

12. C　上文说到Minh的家人想帮助其他的孩子，所以是要把多余的钱捐赠出来。故选C。

13. B　根据下文中的“her love for life is just catching”可知，通过参加夏令营，Minh已经鼓励了许多人。故选B。

14. B　上文讲到她对生活的热爱有感染力，由此可知Minh对许多像她一样的小孩重新燃起了对生活的希望。故选B。

15. A　without limitations为固定搭配，表示“没有限制”。上文说到Minh克服残疾做自己喜欢的事情，所以她希望能够享受生活中可以给她无限快乐的事情。故选A。