外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习39 ：选择性必修4 Unit 3　The world meets China （含解析）

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www.ks5u.com课时质量评价(三十九)选择性必修第四册　Unit 3　The world meets ChinaA组·基础巩固Ⅰ. 语法填空AA group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase 1. ________ (appreciate) of China's ancient cultural heritage. They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves, 2. ________ were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history. Nearly 500，000 high­quality digital photographs 3. ________ (produce) since the international project started in 1994.The Mogao Caves have long been 4. ________ meeting point for different cultures. Today, the caves are just as international as they 5. ________ (be) at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people 6. ________ (admire) in America.By 7. ________ (share) so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even 8. ________ (wide) interest around the world in China's ancient history, culture, and traditions. They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future 9. ________ (generation) to understand and appreciate. As one researcher who is working 10. ________ the project explains, “Appreciating the cultural heritage is very important for international communication and understanding.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了莫高窟文物数字图像采集工作的进程、历史重要性以及所采集的数字图像的用途。1. appreciation　考查名词。动词increase后接名词形式作宾语，故填appreciation。2. which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个非限制性定语从句。先行词为the Mogao Caves，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。3. have been produced　考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语“since the international project started in 1994”可知，应使用现在完成时。主语digital photographs与produce之间是被动关系，所以应使用被动语态，且主语是复数形式，故填have been produced。4. a　考查冠词。名词point为可数名词，且前面meeting以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。a meeting point表示“一个交集点”。故填a。5. were　考查动词的时态。根据“at the time when people travelled the Silk Road”可知，用一般过去时，根据主语they可知，谓语动词用复数形式，故填were。6. to admire　考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式的复合结构“for sb. to do sth.”作定语，修饰名词copy，故填to admire。7. sharing　考查非谓语动词。介词by后接动名词形式，故填sharing。8. wider　考查形容词的比较级。空格处位于名词前，应用形容词形式。even修饰形容词的比较级，再根据句意“该组织希望能在世界范围内引起人们对中国古代历史的更广泛兴趣”可知，应用其比较级形式，故填wider。9. generations　考查名词的单复数。名词generation为可数名词，且其前无冠词，所以用复数形式表示泛指，故填generations。10. on　考查固定用法。work on表示“从事于……”，为固定短语，故填on。BChina, which boasts (拥有) epochal (划时代的) inventions in ancient times, has once again proved its ability 1. ________ (change) the world with its “new four great inventions”： high­speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. The new four great inventions are all related to China's high­tech innovation, which improved the quality of people's lives.My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want 2. ________ (simple) with a tap of my phone, and even pancake sellers are using Alipay (a mobile payment platform)．The bikes 3. ________ (them) are not new, but the operating model of bike­sharing 4. ________ (base) on satellite navigation (导航) system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies. Shared bikes are bringing cycling back 5. ________ people's lives... and they are making public transport more attractive and convenient, and 6. ________ (encourage) people to be more active.It is increasingly clear that China is innovating(创新) and no longer copying western ideas. It is increasingly clear that China is leading in many 7. ________ (way) such as social messaging app WeChat. This is partly 8. ________ China skipped over the PC era and went directly to mobile. China has the largest mobile use in the world.9. ________ growing number of foreigners hope to promote economic 10. ________ (develop) in their home countries by highlighting (聚焦) the need for technological achievements like that of China.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的“新四大发明”，展示了中国改变世界的能力。1. to change　考查动词不定式。the ability to do sth.表示“做某事的能力”，故此处用动词不定式作后置定语，故答案为to change。2. simply　考查副词。副词修饰动词，故答案为simply。3. themselves　考查反身代词。此处指自行车本身，用反身代词作主语的同位语，故答案为themselves。4. is based　考查动词的语态和主谓一致。be based on表示“以……为基础”，为固定表达；句子的主语是the operating model，为第三人称单数形式，故答案为is based。5. to　考查固定搭配。共享单车将自行车带回到人们的生活中。bring... back to... 表示 “把……带回到……”，为固定表达，故答案为to。6. encouraging　考查现在分词。根据前文中的“are bringing”，“are making可知，此处应用其现在分词形式，故答案为encouraging。7. ways　考查名词的单复数。many(很多)修饰可数名词复数，故答案为ways。8. because　考查表语从句。此处是because引导的表语从句，故答案为because。9. A　考查固定搭配。a number of表示“大量的”，故答案为A。10. development　考查名词。economic表示“经济的”，是形容词，修饰名词，故答案为development。Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子1. 她练习得如此频繁，她的英语口语得到了极大巩固。(so... that...)She practised so frequently that her spoken English was strengthened greatly.2. 同学们不愿意与他交朋友的原因是他总是吹嘘自己。(boast)The reason why the classmates don't want to make friends with him is that he is always boasting himself．3. 考虑到这个雕塑已经很破旧了，政府让几位设计师再设计一个新的。(given)Given that the statue is getting pretty old, the government has asked several designers to design a new one.4. 楼前矗立着一棵大树。(倒装句式)In front of the building stands a tall tree.5. 我最感兴趣的是作品本身。(what)What interests me most is the work itself.B组·能力提升Ⅰ. 阅读理解(2020·河北邢台一中月考)China is showing the world its great resolve in the global climate campaign with concrete and self­motivated efforts as well as serious commitment.At the opening ceremony of the Paris climate summit, Chinese President Xi Jinping restated China's plan made in June to cut its carbon emissions per unit of GDP by 60－65 percent from the 2005 levels by 2030, and increase non­fossil fuel sources in primary energy consumption to about 20 percent.With a large population, China is facing increasing resource limits, severe environmental pollution and a worsening ecosystem, and its citizens are also becoming increasingly aware of environmental problems. Suffering environmental problems and considering the efforts to transform its economic growth pattern important, the country has much at risk if climate change is left unattended.Actually, climate change efforts are already included in China's medium and long­term programme of economic and social development, and ecological efforts are the clear characteristics in China's 13th Five­Year Plan (2016—2020)．Although it is and will be a developing country for a long time to come, China has been actively involved in the global campaign against climate change, now topping the world in terms of energy conservation and use of new and renewable energies.However, China's development rights need to be respected. It is unfair to overstress China's status as one of the world's largest greenhouse gas emitters and regard it as the major part of responsibilities in the global fight against climate change.It is worthy of notice that China's emissions of greenhouse gases per person are far lower than those of developed countries, especially the United States, although rapid economic expansion and its population base have made it one of the biggest producers of the gases.To show its great resolve, Beijing also announced the establishment of an independent South­South cooperation fund of RMB 20 billion to help developing countries affected by global warming.While China is eagerly accomplishing its policy commitments, developed countries should stop questioning China's commitment to fighting climate change and pointing fingers, and start shouldering their due responsibilities instead.1. Why is China self­motivated to fight against climate change?A. To top the world.B. To transform its economic pattern.C. To solve its population problem.D. To respond to pressure from developed countries.2. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to?A. China.B. The United States.C. The economic expansion.D. The population base.3. What can be inferred from the text?A. China will completely use non­fossil fuels by 2030.B. China will carry out its plan by stopping its development.C. The Chinese emit more greenhouse gases than the Americans on average.D. Some developed countries are not taking on their due responsibilities.4. Which of the following is a sign of China's self­motivated fight against climate change?A. Expanding its economy.B. Using non­renewable energies.C. Making it part of China's 13th Five­Year Plan.D. Donating money to developing countries.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国为了应对气候变化而采取的一些努力，从而减少对环境的危害。1. B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Suffering environmental problems and considering the efforts to transform its economic growth pattern important, the country has much at risk if climate change is left unattended.”可知，中国决定应对气候变化是为了转变经济模式。2. A　代词指代题。根据画线词前的主语“China's emissions of greenhouse gases”以及“rapid economic expansion and its population base”可知，此处指的是中国的温室气体排放以及中国快速的经济扩张和人口基数。因此，it指代的是中国。3. D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“start shouldering their due responsibilities instead”可知，发达国家应该开始承担他们应尽的责任。由此可知，有些发达国家没有做到这一点。4. C　细节理解题。第四段主要介绍的是中国政府为了应对气候变化所采取的措施。根据本段中的“ecological efforts are the clear characteristics in China's 13th Five­Year Plan”可知，应对环境变化成了中国“十三五”规划的一部分。Ⅱ. 完形填空There are times when we feel as if our bad circumstances will never change. When we meet troubles or problems in our lives, we are   1   for a sign that tells us everything will be   2   and get better.When in this mindset (心态), I think back to a   3   I once heard about a family having dinner at a Chinese restaurant. At the end of the meal, everyone   4   their fortune cookie and read their messages out loud.   5  ， the youngest child did not, she went to get another fortune cookie. This   6   several times before the mum stopped her and asked, “What are you doing？” The little child responded, “I am looking for a cookie with the   7   fortune for me.” The mum said, “There is only one thing you need to   8   and it's not in a fortune cookie. That is where there is a will there's a way.”When   9   are not going our way, we may   10   the right fortune. We seek the hope for our   11   so that it will be better than the present. Once the Israelis were expelled (驱逐) in a foreign country against their will. At that time, everything was   12   for them, but they didn't lose hope; instead, they   13   to their new environment positively. Years later they returned to their homeland as they had   14  ．In life we need to take action and hope and believe that nothing is impossible to a willing mind. It does   15   that good things do come out of bad and difficult situations.1. A. ready B. grateful C. responsible D. desperate2. A. settled B. hidden C. defeated D. gone3. A. message B. story C. problem D. case4. A. ate B. tasted C. touched D. opened5. A. Anyhow B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore6. A. changed B. ran C. happened D. showed7. A. good B. bad C. wrong D. right8. A. doubt B. guess C. know D. hope9. A. memories B. things C. questions D. chances10. A. search for B. make up C. take out D. wrestle with11. A. family B. work C. business D. future12. A. easy B. difficult C. common D. special13. A. adjusted B. turned C. stuck D. agreed14. A. left B. expected C. talked D. remembered15. A. prove B. tell C. consider D. understand【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个家庭在中国餐馆吃饭的故事，从而告诉我们“有志者事竟成”的道理。1. D　根据上文“When we meet troubles or problems in our lives”可知，生活中遇到麻烦或问题时，需要一个“告诉我们一切都会解决并变得更好”的信号存在以给予我们希望。固定短语be desperate for意为“非常渴望；极需要的”。故选D。2. A　根据上文“When we meet troubles or problems in our lives”可知，遇到的是问题和麻烦，所以要“解决问题或麻烦”。故选A。3. B　根据下文“I once heard about a family having dinner at a Chinese restaurant”可知，作者应是想到了一个听说过的故事。故选B。4. D　根据下文的宾语“fortune cookie”可知，应是中餐馆给客人的，包有预测未来运气小纸条的幸运饼干，因此打开之后才能看到小纸条上的内容。故选D。5. B　根据上文“At the end of the meal, everyone   4   their fortune cookie and read their messages out loud.”可知，每个人都读了自己的小纸条，空后“the youngest child did not”提及最小的孩子没有读，因此，前后句应是转折关系。故选B。6. C　句中主语“This”应指上文提及的“to get another fortune cookie”这件事，结合后文“This   6   several times before the mum stopped her and asked, ‘What are you doing？’”可知，这个动作发生了不止一次才引起了妈妈的注意和询问。故选C。7. D　根据下文“When   9   are not going our way, we may   10   the right fortune.”中提及“right fortune”可知，本句中应是“right fortune”。故选D。8. C　根据下文“That is where there is a will there's a way.”可知，这是妈妈希望这个小孩子能够知道的道理。故选C。9. B　结合文章内容可知，本句“When   9   are not going our way, we may   10   the right fortune.”在表达“事情不是按照自己的预想方式发展”，且对应上文“everything will be   2   and get better”提及的everything，因此，设空处主语应是things。故选B。10. A　对应上文“I am looking for a cookie with the   7   fortune for me.”可知，应是寻找(search for)“right fortune”。故选A。11. D　根据下文“so that it will be better than the present”可知，应是对未来寻求希望。故选D。12. B　根据上文“Once the Israelis were expelled (驱逐) in a foreign country against their will.”可知，他们被驱逐，因此日子不好过。故选B。13. A　根据上文“but they didn't lose hope”可知，他们虽然被驱逐，但是没有放弃希望，因此可推知，他们在新环境中积极调整自己。固定短语adjust to意为“调整以适应”。故选A。14. B　固定表达as sb. had expected意为“正如某人所期望的”。故选B。15. A　固定句式“It proves that＋从句”意为“它证明了……”。故选A。Ⅲ. 读后续写(2019·浙江十校联盟适应性考试·改编)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Our uncle, who lived with us, is a quiet and friendly man. He is fond of hunting and fishing, and it was one of the pleasures of our young life to join him in his hiking to the Great Hill, the woods, the ponds, and, best of all, the country brook (小河). Of course the most exciting part of the hiking was an afternoon walk through the woods and along the side of the brook.I remember my first fishing tour, as if it were yesterday, and especially the wise caution of my uncle in that particular instance which takes the form of a proverb of universal application: “Never brag (自夸) about your fish before you catch it.”After I received that first fishing pole from my uncle, I set off happily with him to the woods. It was a still, sweet day of early summer, the long afternoon shadows of the trees lay cool across our path; the leaves seemed greener, the flowers brighter, the birds merrier, than ever before.My uncle, who knew by long experience the points that pickerels (狗鱼) most frequently visited, considerately placed me at the most favourable one. I threw out my line as I had often seen others, and waited anxiously for a bite, moving the bait (饵) on the surface of the water like the leap of a frog. Nothing came of it. “Try again，” said my uncle. Suddenly the bait sunk out of sight. “Now for it，” I thought. “Here is a fish at last.” I made a strong pull, and brought up some weeds. Again and again I cast out my line with arms aching, and drew it back empty. Feeling my arms hurting and my spirits sinking, I turned to look at my uncle in a way declaring my intention to give up. “Just try once more，” my uncle said. “We fishermen must have patience.”注意：续写词数应为150左右。Suddenly something pulled at my line. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________So, overcome with my great and bitter disappointment, I sat down. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Suddenly something pulled at my line. Off with it swept the line into deep water. Pulling it up as quickly as I could, I saw a fine pickerel wriggling in the sun. “Uncle！” I cried, looking back in uncontrollable excitement, “I've got a fish！” “Not yet，” said my uncle. As he spoke, I saw the fish shooting into the middle of the stream and there was a splash. I had lost my prize.So, overcome with my great and bitter disappointment, I sat down. For a time I refused to be comforted, even by my uncle's assurance that there were more fish in the brook. He refitted my bait, put the fishing pole again in my hands, and told me to try my luck once more. “But remember, boy，” he said, with a smile. “Never brag about catching a fish until it is on the dry ground. I've seen people doing that more than once, making a fool of themselves. It's no use boasting of anything until it's done, nor then, either, for it speaks for itself.”