2023届高考英语语法训练：（4）现在进行时及被动语态（含解析）

（4）现在进行时及被动语态—2023届高考英语一轮复习语法总动员之动词时态语态

一、填空题

1.The present situation is quite                (encourage).

2.Don’t make so much noise. The baby ________ (sleep).

3.The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police _____ (look) into the matter now.

4.Our vacation is ______(approach), but we still can’t decide where to go.

5.The boy and his parents _____(wait) for the subway at the moment.

6.Tom _____(treat) at the hospital now, so he can't attend the meeting at present.

7.My kids ________________ (look) after by my parents while I am working on the plan.

8.Please wait a moment. The dishes ________________ (cook) in the kitchen.

9.It is reported that many a new house _________(build) at present in the disaster area.

10.Your experiment report _____(type) now and it will be finished soon.

二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

    Every year, people around the world purchase roughly 526 billion bottles, and that number is on ①_______ increase. More than 8 million pieces of plastic pollution find their way into our oceans every day. Much of other plastic ②_______ (throw) in landfills or rivers also has bad effects on wildlife. Many people are now trying ③_______ (cut) down on plastic use, while also turning these single-use plastics into something ④_______ (benefit) — like auto parts.

    The Ford Motor Company has used recycled plastic since the 1990s. Today, it ⑤_______ (transform) recycled plastic into vehicle parts in an effort to reduce its carbon footprint, ⑥_______ (specific) underbody shields (车底护板) on all cars.

    "The underbody shield is a large part. ⑦_______ is likely for such a big part to weigh three times as much if we use solid plastic," says Thomas Sweder, design engineer of the Company. "We're looking for the most durable and ⑧_______ (green) materials to make our parts."

    Finding new and innovative ways to recycle single-use plastics is essential for our planet. With one of the largest ⑨_______ (company) committed to working with recycled plastics, there's hope ⑩_______ others will follow suit.

三、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

    More and more intelligent robots ①________ (use) in industrial fields at present, taking the place of humans to do many dangerous tasks, without ②________ assistance, we wouldn’t be living such a comfortable and convenient life. The robot Tony is a character in Issac Asimov’s fiction, ③________ that we are familiar with. Issac Asimov, an American author, wrote around 480 books, ④________ (include) mystery stories,science and history books. But he is best known ⑤________ his science fiction stories. He had a creative mind that gave him the ability ⑥________ (explore) future worlds. Besides, he searched for explanations of everything, in the present and the past. When he was eleven, his talent for fictions became obvious. In 1950, at the age of 30, he had his first novel ⑦________ (publish).Throughout his life, Asimov received many awards. Numerous people wonder whether people may be out of work because of the ⑧________ (exist) of robots. Certainly not! Clever ⑨________ robots are, they are made by humans and whatever they do, they just follow the instructions given to them. Therefore, robots will never ​⑩________ (complete) replace humans.

答案以及解析

一、

1.答案：encouraging

解析：句意:目前的情况是鼓舞人心的。根据时间是目前,故考查现在进行时,结构为be doing ,故填encouraging

2.答案：is sleeping

解析：从句意可判断出，小孩儿正在睡觉，用现在进行时。

3.答案：are looking

4.答案：approaching

解析：句意为：假期临近，但我们仍然决定不了要去哪儿。 由后半句可知，假期越来越近了，be approaching表示“即将来临”。

5.答案：are waiting
解析：at the moment意为"此刻; 现在", 故设空处用现在进行时, 说明目前的状态及正在发生的动作, 故填are waiting。

6.答案：is being treated

解析：考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：汤姆现在正在医院接受治疗，因此他目前不能参加会议。根据now可知，本空应用现在进行时表示说话时正在发生的动作；且句子主语Tom和动词treat之间为被动关系，故本句应用现在进行时的被动语态。

7.答案：are being looked

8.答案：are being cooked

9.答案：is being built
解析：句意: 据报道, 灾区现在正在建许多新房。根据at present可知, 应用现在进行时, house与build之间为被动关系, 故用现在进行时的被动语态。many a修饰名词时, 谓语动词用单数形式。

10.答案：is being typed

解析：考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：你的实验报告现在正在打印中，很快就会完成。根据now及空后内容可知，本空应用现在进行时表示说话时正在发生的动作；且句子主语your experiment report和动词type之间为被动关系，故本句应用现在进行时的被动语态。

二、

答案：the;  thrown;  to cut;  beneficial;  is transforming;  specifically;  It;  greenest;  companies;  that

解析： ①考查冠词。on the increase是固定搭配,表示"正在增长",故填定冠词the。

②考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,本句已经有谓语动词has 了,因此,空处是非谓语动词作后置定语。throw与被修饰词Much of other plastic是逻辑上的动宾关系,旦此处表示动作已完成,过去分词thrown。

③考查非谓语动词。固定结构try to do sth.意为"努力做某事"。注意:try doing sth."尝试做某事",与语境不符。

④考查形容词。空处作定语修饰不定代词something,需要用其形容词形式beneficial"有用的"。

⑤考查动词的时态。今天,为了努力减少碳排放量,这家公司正在把可回收塑料转变成汽车配件。根据时间状语"Today"和语境可知,此处表示动作正在发生,故用现在进行时。

⑥考查副词。此处作状语修饰句子,应该用副词。specifically意为"更确切地说"。

⑦考查代词。如果我们使用固体塑料,这么大的一个配件很可能会有三倍重。此处是It is likely for... to do sth."......很可能做某事"句型,其中It是形式主语,后面的不定式是真正的主语。

⑧考查最高级。根据前面的"the most durable and"可知,此处and连接两个并列的最高级修饰名词materials,故本空要填所给词的最高级形式。

⑨考查名词的单复数。根据"one of the +名词复数形式" 结构可知,此处填companies。

⑩考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,hope后所跟的从句解释说明其内容,从句的成分和意义都是完整的,故用that引导该同位语从句。

三、

答案：1. are being used2. whose3. one4. including5. for6. to explore7. published8. existence9. as/though10. completely
解析： ①句意：现在，越来越多的智能机器人正在工业领域被使用，代替人类做许多危险的工作，没有它们的帮助，我们将不能过上这么舒适便利的生活。主语robots和动词use是被动关系，所以用被动语态，其构成是“be+过去分词”，根据时间状语at present（现在）可知，此句用现在进行时的被动语态，其构成是“am/is/are being done”，主语robots是复数，所以be动词用are，动词use意为“使用”，其过去分词是used，故填are being used。.

②句意：现在，越来越多的智能机器人正在工业领域被使用，代替人类做许多危险的工作，没有它们的帮助，我们将不能过上这么舒适便利的生活。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词是robots，指物，关系词在从句中作定语，所以用关系代词whose。

③句意：机器人托尼是Issac Asimov的小说里的人物，一个我们熟悉的人物。分析句子结构可知，此处作名词a character的同位语，应用代词one。故填one。

④句意：Issac Asimov是一名美国作家，写了大约480本书，包括神秘故事、科学和历史书籍。分析句子成分可知，此句的谓语动词是wrote，没有连词连接include与其作并列谓语，所以include用非谓语动词形式，因为和名词books是主动关系，所以用现在分词，动词include意为“包括”，其现在分词是including，故填including。

⑤句意：但是，他因他的科幻小说最为出名。固定搭配be known for意为“因……出名”，故填for。

⑥句意：他有创造性的思想，这使他有能力探索未来的世界。抽象名称ability（能力）经常用不定式作后置定语，动词explore意为“探索”，其不定式是to explore。

⑦句意：1950年，30岁时，他出版了他的第一部小说。have的复合结构“have+宾语+宾补”，此句中宾语his first novel和宾补publish（出版）是被动关系，所以宾补用过去分词形式published。

⑧句意：许多人想知道，是否因为机器人的存在，人们可能失业。此处位于介词o后，作宾语，应用名词形式，动词exist意为“存在”，其名词是existence，意为“存在”，是不可数名词，故填existence。

⑨句意：尽管机器人聪明，但是，它们是由人类制造的，无论它们做什么，它们只是遵循了被给予它们的指令。分析句子结构可知，此处引导让步状语从句，从属连词though.意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，从属连词as用于倒装句时意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，故填as/though。

⑩句意：因此，机器人将永远不会完全取代人类。此处修饰动词replace（取代），应用副词，形容词complete意为“完全的”，其副词是completely，意为“完全地”，故填completely。