新高考英语二轮复习课时练第1部分阅读理解与阅读七选五专题1第5 体裁微解应用文 (含解析)

这是一份新高考英语二轮复习课时练第1部分阅读理解与阅读七选五专题1第5 体裁微解应用文 (含解析)，共11页。
应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简介、商品说明与介绍、新闻报道等，形式多样，题材各异(如图示、表格等)，措辞简洁明了，直截了当，其目的是向读者传输信息。主要具有以下特点：
高考应用文阅读理解设题以细节题为主，因此，阅读这类文章时，也应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，重点注意细节信息，细节题题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义句改写，词性转换等)，因此，要想找到答案就一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可以达到事半功倍的效果。同时，在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括。具体答题策略如下：
(2022·全国甲·A)
Theatres and Entertainment
St David’s Hall
St David’s Hall is the award winning Natinal Cncert Hall f Wales standing at the very heart f Cardiff’s entertainment centre.With an impressive 2，000-seat cncert hall，St David’s Hall is hme t the annual Welsh Prms Cardiff.It presents live entertainment，including pp，rck，flk，jazz，musicals，dance，wrld music，films and classical music.
The Hayes，Cardiff CF10 1AH
The Glee Club
Every weekend this is “Wales” premier cmedy club where having a great time is the rder fr bth audiences and cmedy stars alike.It is hard t name a cmedy star wh hasn’t been n the stage here.If yu are lking fr the best cmedies n tur and brilliant live music，yu shuld start here.
Mermaid Quay，Cardiff Bay，Cardiff CF10 5BZ
Sherman Cymru
Sherman Cymru’s theatre in the Cathays area f Cardiff repened in February 2012.This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children，artists，writers and anyne else have the pprtunity(机会) t d creative things.Sherman Cymru is excited t present a packed prgramme f the very best theatre，dance，family shws and music frm Wales and the rest f the wrld.
Senghennydd Rad，Cardiff CF24 4YE
New Theatre
The New Theatre has been the hme f quality drama，musicals，dance and children’s shws fr mre than 100 years.Presenting the best f the West End alng with the pick f the UK’s turing shws，the New Theatre is Cardiff’s ldest surviving traditinal theatre.Be sure t pay a visit as part f yur stay in the city.
Park Place，Cardiff CF10 3LN
21．Where is the Welsh Prms Cardiff hsted?
A．At the New Theatre.
B．At the Glee Club.
C．At Sherman Cymru.
D．At St David’s Hall.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据St David’s Hall部分中的“St David’s Hall is hme t the annual Welsh Prms Cardiff”可知，Cardiff的Welsh Prms活动在St David’s Hall举办。故选D。
22．What can peple d at the Glee Club?
A．Watch musicals.
B．Enjy cmedies.
C．See family shws.
D．D creative things.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据The Glee Club部分中的“If yu are lking fr the best cmedies n tur and brilliant live music，yu shuld start here.”可知，人们可以在The Glee Club欣赏喜剧。故选B。
23．Which website can yu visit t learn abut Cardiff’s ldest surviving theatre?
A．
B．
C．
D．
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据New Theatre部分中的“Presenting the best f the West End alng with the pick f the UK’s turing shws，the New Theatre is Cardiff’s ldest surviving traditinal theatre.”及其下面的网址“”可知，选A。
A
Paragliding is a kind f flying，but instead f the wing being made f metal，wd r plastic，it is made f nyln r plyester.The wing is attached t a harness by lines where a pilt sits，similar t a parachute.
Is it safe?
Paragliding is as safe as sailing and deep-sea diving.The big advantage is that it’s prbably the slwest frm f aviatin，s if yu d crash，yu’ll hit the grund quite gently! It’s a very relaxing sprt as yu’re mstly sitting dwn.Yet，yu’ll prbably experience pain in sme muscles yu didn’t knw yu had while learning，but many f thse will be due t the walk up the training hill t launch.
Where d I learn?
There are lts f schls，mainly based inland by apprpriate hills r muntains，and there are als schls n the cast near spectacular cliffs.These are very attractive，thugh the prspect f landing in the sea seems t discurage beginners! It takes seven days t get yur basic license；then yu’re free t fly independently at sites acrss the cuntry.
What d I need?
Pilts nrmally wear warm clthes in case they get very high up，and a helmet in case they stumble n landing.In terms f gear，schls supply basic training，canpies，harnesses，etc.Hwever，yu’ll prbably want t buy yur wn mre sphisticated equipment，which yu’ll be able t chse much better nce yu’ve tried sme ut n yur curse.
Wh can d it?
There’s n upper age limit prvided yur instructr judges yu capable，but the yungest is 14.Anybdy with gd eyesight and gd balance is a ptential paraglider pilt.
Flying a paraglider is a great sprt.We hpe t see yu in the air with us this seasn!
eq \x(语篇解读 本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了什么是高空滑翔及学习高空滑翔的一些信息。)
1．Which wuld be the best heading fr paragraph 1?
A．What is paragliding?
B．Wh invented paragliding?
C．Hw is paragliding special?
D．Why is paragliding ppular?
答案 A
解析 段落大意题。根据第一段可知，本段主要描述了什么是高空滑翔。故选A。
2．Accrding t the passage，paragliding is .
A．exciting but tiring
B．safe and relaxing
C．attractive but expensive
D．fast and challenging
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据Is it safe？部分的“Paragliding is as safe as sailing and deep-sea diving.”及“It’s a very relaxing sprt as yu’re mstly sitting dwn.”可知，高空滑翔是一项既安全又放松的运动。故选B项。
3．What can we knw frm the passage?
A．Fit peple f any age can take up paragliding.
B．Mst paragliding schls are situated by the sea.
C．Pilts need t buy basic equipment n their training curse.
D．Learners can fly n their wn after at least a week’s training.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据Where d I learn？部分的“It takes seven days yu’re free t fly independently”可知，需要经过至少一周的训练，学员才可以独立飞行。故选D。
B
(2022·河南中原名校联盟适应性联考)
★LOUDOUN COUNTRY DAY SCHOOL
Grades：Preschl－Grade 8
LCDS.rg • 703-777-3841
Award-winning schl features a lw student-teacher rati(比率)．Curses include art，STEM(Science，Technlgy，Engineering，Mathematics)，cmputer prgramming，languages，athletics，instruments，BYOT(Bring Yur Own Technlgy)，ne-t-ne prgram in furth thrugh eighth grades.It’s famus fr its unique field trips.
★NYSMITH SCHOOL
Grades：3 years－Grade 8
Nysmith.cm • 703-552-2912
Tp 10 in the wrld，fun，award-winning prgram，up t 4 grade levels f diversificatin(多样化) in reading and math classes，daily science，cmputers，lgic，freign languages，much mre.1∶9 rati.Minimal(最少的) hmewrk.Hands-n experimental learning，a great attractin fr students acrss the cuntry.2014 Tmmy Award frm TJ fr the special achievement f Nysmith Alumni.
★FUSION ACADEMY TYSONS
Grades：6－12
FusinTysnsCrner.cm • 866-461-8039
Fusin Academy is a private middle and high schl where all classes are ne-t-ne：ne student and ne teacher per classrm.Here，psitive relatinships unlck students’ ptential.Scheduling is persnalized，and n hmewrk ges hme.Cme sn t Tysns，Virginia，and achieve schl & life balance.
★RANDOLPH-MACON ACADEMY
Grades：6－12，Pstgraduate
rma.edu • 540-636-5484
R-MA is a cllege-prep barding schl with Air Frce JROTC，devted t develping students f academic achievement，leadership，and respnsible citizenship.With smaller classes—n average，14－17 students per class—students at R-MA find themselves building their cnfidence because ur teachers care abut each student.Graduating classes have a 100% cllege acceptance rate and average ver $56.6 millin in cllege schlarships ffers each year.
4．What makes LCDS different frm the thers?
A．Field trips.
B．A variety f curses.
C．One-t-ne classes.
D．Award-winning prgrams.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据★LOUDOUN COUNTRY DAY SCHOOL部分中的“It’s famus fr its unique field trips.”可知，它以独特的实地考察旅行而闻名。由此可知，LOUDOUN乡村走读学校与其他学校的不同之处在于它提供实地考察旅行。故选A。
5．Why is NYSMITH SCHOOL ppular amng students?
A．It has n hmewrk.
B．It is the wrld’s best schl.
C．It is a frequent winner f the Tmmy Award.
D．It gives them a chance t learn frm experience.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据★NYSMITH SCHOOL部分中的“Hands-n experimental learning，a great attractin fr students acrss the cuntry.”可知，动手实验学习，对全国各地的学生有很大的吸引力。由此可知，NYSMITH学校之所以吸引学生，是因为它给了他们一个从经验中学习的机会。故选D。
6．Which schl specializes in persnalized educatin?
A．LOUDOUN COUNTRY DAY SCHOOL.
B．NYSMITH SCHOOL.
C．FUSION ACADEMY TYSONS.
D．RANDOLPH-MACON ACADEMY.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据★FUSION ACADEMY TYSONS部分中的“Fusin Academy is a private middle and high schl where all classes are ne-t- is persnalized，and n hmewrk ges hme.”可知，Fusin Academy是一所私立中学和高中，所有班级都是一对一的。日程安排是个性化的，回家没有家庭作业。由此可知，FUSION ACADEMY TYSONS学校擅长个性化教育。故选C。
强化练(十一) 应用文
A
These destinatins march t the beat f their wn drum.S put n yur dancing shes and head t these sweet-sunding cities.
New Orleans
In the 19th century，slaves gathered n Sundays t play drums，dance，and sing in Cng Square.Thse lively rhythms f Africa ran head n with the sunds f Eurpe t create jazz，a typical American art frm that has inspired generatins f Americans and spread arund the glbe.But this isn’t suit-wearing，head-ndding，plite jazz.New Orleans jazz sweeps yu ff yur feet and makes yu jump and clap and sing alng.
Chicag
Large numbers f African-Americans left the Suth in search f better pprtunities during 1916－1970 and Chicag attracted scres f these peple，wh brught with them the sund f the Mississippi River.Here，it changed int smething sad and symphnic：blues.Blues was nt brn in Chicag，but it was here that it fund a new vice and began t spread its message arund the wrld.
Memphis
Memphis is the birthplace f rck and rll.It was here in Sun Studis in the summer f 1951 that Ike Turner and his band the Delta Cats recrded “Rcket 88”，widely regarded as the first rck and rll sng.But，like s many great things，it happened by accident that the guitarist’s ludspeaker brke dwn during the recrding，creating a unique guitar sund that wuld becme a hallmark f the music.Peple didn’t knw hw t classify it，but they knew they lved it.The rest is histry.
New Yrk City
New Yrk is ne f the wrld’s greatest cities where yu can listen t all kinds f music.But t experience a true New Yrk state f mind，yu have t leave the shiny twers and Bradway shws f Manhattan and head t Harlem，the Brnx，Brklyn，and Queens t explre the city’s hip-hp histry.
eq \x(语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了爵士、布鲁斯、摇滚及嘻哈乐的起源及特色。)
1．What d New Orleans jazz and Chicag blues have in cmmn?
A．They sund very sad.
B．They have similar rigin.
C．They happened by accident.
D．They are played n the guitar.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据New Orleans一节中的第二句及Chicag一节中的第一、二句可推断，爵士及布鲁斯音乐的起源很相似：都是源于美国。故选B。
2．When was rck and rll brn?
A．In the 19th century.
B．In the late 19th century.
C．In the early 20th century.
D．In the mid-20th century.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据Memphis一节中的第二句可知，摇滚乐是在20世纪中期诞生的。故选D。
3．What are Harlem and Queens knwn fr?
A．Blues. B．Jazz.
C．Hip-hp. D．Rck and rll.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据New Yrk City一节中的第二句可知，哈莱姆区和皇后区以嘻哈文化而著名。故选C。
B
Scientific educatinal tys can develp kid’s reasning，prblem-slving and critical thinking capacity and imprve their hand-eye crdinatin(协调)．But the mst pwerful thing is that the children will assciate learning with fun.That means they will grw int adults with a thirst fr knwledge and a highly develped set f skills fr learning.Here are sme f the best：
·Science Kit
Yu can guarantee tw things if yu buy yur kids ne：a lt f fun and a lt f mess.It’s a 20-piece kit that teaches the basics f chemical reactins.It’s recmmended fr kids aged 6 and abve，with adult cmpany.Yu dn’t have t be a scientist，since there is an activity bk with instructins fr pssible experiments.
·Mini Terra Kit
Yu dn’t have t wait fr the sun t cme ut t teach kids abut the natural wrld.This all-inclusive kit is a miniature garden that simulates a natural envirnment by using a pwerful LED light.It includes a terrarium jar，light-up jar lid，Micr USB charger，and all the natural ingredients t get started.It als has a simple instructin bklet that yu can wrk thrugh with yur kids.
·Gravity Run
This classic is nt just abut building a structure and watching the marbles g up and dwn.The games are designed fr kids aged 8＋ t develp spatial awareness，planning，and reasning.With 60 challenges (beginner t expert)，this award-winning game can be enjyed by all the family.The expert levels are actually quite challenging，s be prepared fr sme failures.
·WeR Kit
This prize-winning rbt ty features ver 840 pieces，a WeR Mve Hub，Interactive Mt，and a Distance Sensr.Yu can build it int 5 cmpletely different rbts，meaning endless fun fr the kids and even adults.Once they’ve built the character f their chice，they can prgramme it t perfrm cuntless tasks including walking and talking n its wn.
eq \x(语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四种有助于培养孩子们思维和动手能力的玩具。)
4．What is the greatest strength f scientific educatinal tys?
A．Training yung scientists.
B．Stimulating learning desire.
C．Develping hand-eye crdinatin.
D．Building up prblem-slving habits.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。从首段第二句可知，科学教育玩具的最大优势是将玩和学联系起来，即激发孩子的学习欲望。故选B。
5．Which ty suits kids wh enjy grwing plants?
A．Science Kit. B．Mini Terra Kit.
C．Gravity Run. D．WeR Kit.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据Mini Terra Kit部分的前三句可知，Mini Terra Kit这个玩具可以让孩子接触自然世界。因此适合喜欢植物的孩子。故选B。
6．What is special abut WeR Kit?
A．It has different levels.
B．It is the nly prize-winner.
C．It requires parental guidance.
D．It invlves prgramming skills.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据WeR Kit部分的第三句可知，WeR Kit的特别之处在于它涉及编程技能。故选D。
C
Teen Adventure：Eurpe Cast t Cast 2022
If yu are interested in Eurpe Cast t Cast fr the summer f 2022，please reach ut t us and we will ntify yu when we’ve published the 2022 schedule and pened the applicatin.
Hlland，Belgium，Paris
Our grup will gather in Amsterdam and spend the first night in the ancient Dutch city f Haarlem befre picking up the well-traveled Nrdzeerute bike rute.This prtected，castal path winds its way alng the cast f the Nrth Sea fr nearly 300 miles，past windmills and ver banks.We’ll make ur way thrugh charming Dutch and Belgian twns and crss the brder int France.Once in France，we’ll ride quiet cuntry rads thrugh small villages，enjying the many delights f rural French life alng ur way.We’ll cntinue suth t Chantilly and take a train in t spend a day in the City f Light.
Rural France，Germany’s Black Frest & the Bdensee
Frm Paris，we cntinue east thrugh the vineyard(葡萄园) cvered hills f the Champagne regin，int the green valleys f Alsace-Lrraine，and then n t Strasburg，right n France’s brder with Germany.We’ll crss the Rhine River and fllw Germany’s utstanding netwrk f bike paths thrugh the charming Black Frest t the shres f Lake Cnstance，als knwn in Germany as the Bdensee.We’ll lk acrss this famus lake t the snw-cvered peaks f the Alps—the next leg f ur jurney tgether.
The Alps，Nrthern Italy Venice
Leaving the Bdensee，we’ll start ur climb int and thrugh the Austrian Alps.Shrtly after skirting the Swiss brder，we’ll crss int Bella Italia and begin ur dwnhill descent(斜坡) tward the warm waters f the Adriatic Sea.Upn arrival，we’ll put ur bikes away and spend ur final days tgether celebrating ur great cycling skills while explring Venice，ne f the wrld’s mst beautiful and mysterius cities.
eq \x(语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Eurpe Cast t Cast 2022年夏季活动的行程。)
7．Where will the adventurers explre the City f Light?
A．In France. B．In Hlland.
C．In Belgium. D．In Germany.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据Hlland，Belgium，Paris部分中的最后两句可知，冒险者将在法国探索光明之城。故选A。
8．What will the adventurers d in Germany?
A．Swim in the Rhine River.
B．Sail n Lake Cnstance.
C．Get t the tp f the Alps.
D．Ride thrugh the Black Frest.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据Rural France，Germany’s Black Frest & the Bdensee部分中的第二句可知，冒险者将在德国骑自行车穿过黑森林。故选D。
9．Hw many cuntries will the adventurers crss in ttal?
A．Five. B．Six.
C．Seven. D．Eight.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据Hlland，Belgium，Paris部分中的第三句“ and Belgian twns and crss the brder int France.”及Rural France，Germany’s Black Frest & the Bdensee部分中的第二句“ Germany’s utstanding netwrk f bike paths...”及最后一段前两句中的the Austrian Alps、Bella Italia可知，冒险者穿过荷兰、比利时、法国、德国、奥地利及意大利，共6个国家。故选B。选材
信息量大，文句精炼，形式灵活，用最少的篇幅传达最大量的信息。
内容
生活化，实用化，多样化。如产品宣传、服务介绍、通知、海报、启事、招生招聘等。
形式
标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类题目符号使文章结构更加鲜明。
语言
人名、地名、专用名词多；生词多；缩略词、祈使句、省略句多；结构不完整。
命题
其命题角度主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对容易。
策略指导
技法解读
先题后文
先读题目，了解考点；明确目的，快速捕捉，获取信息。
题干定向
根据题干关键词找到文中答案范围，按照题目顺序依次而下；问题与原文相同，对号入座，通过同义替换、归纳事实等方法确定答案。
生词模糊
遇到生词，如无关答题，直接跳过；涉及答题，则根据语境、构词法等猜词。
信息补全
对于影响理解的省略句，可根据语境，将其补全。
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了威尔士首府的四家剧院及其特色。
语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四所学校的情况，包括年级、联系方式和学校特色等信息。