新高考英语二轮复习课时练第1部分阅读理解与阅读七选五专题1微技能一巧解阅读理解中的复杂结构 (含解析)

这是一份新高考英语二轮复习课时练第1部分阅读理解与阅读七选五专题1微技能一巧解阅读理解中的复杂结构 (含解析)，共4页。
微技能一　巧解阅读理解中的复杂结构手段1　省略that，让句子更加难以理解高考长难句中的宾语从句和定语从句往往省略连接词和关系词that。因此，考生更加难以理解这些长难句。[经典例句]　Our results suggest the successful dogs realized a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes，and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes.[结构分析]　此句中suggest和realized后都省略了连接词that。[精准翻译]　我们的结果表明这些成功的狗意识到微笑的嘴巴和微笑的眼睛所表达的意思是一样的；同样，生气的嘴巴和生气的眼睛所表达的意思也一样。手段2　添加前置修饰语，使名词(短语)复杂化在一些高考英语的长难句中，名词(短语)前可以添加名词、形容词、分词、冠词、代词等前置修饰语，而前置修饰语又可添加自己的前置修饰语，这就更增加了句子的难度。[高考原句]　(2021·全国甲，B) The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve，but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild.[结构分析]　此句中名词calf前添加了the adorable female作修饰语，名词rhino前添加了the second black作修饰语，名词year前添加了this作修饰语，名词reserve和calves前添加了the作修饰语，名词candidates前添加了good作修饰语，名词areas前添加了protected作修饰语。[精准翻译]　这头可爱的雌性小犀牛是今年在保护区出生的第二头黑犀牛，但要判断这些小犀牛是否会成为返回野生保护区的合适候选者还为时过早。手段3　添加后置修饰语，使名词(短语)复杂化在高考英语的复杂结构中，经常在名词(短语)后加上介词短语、定语从句、非谓语动词等后置修饰语，让其所修饰的名词(短语)更复杂化。[高考原句]　(2021·全国乙，A) For the biggest stadiums in the world，we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far，which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity，as well as updated information from official stadium websites.[结构分析]　名词短语the biggest stadiums后面添加了介词短语in the world作修饰语，名词data后面添加了非谓语动词短语supplied by the World Atlas list so far作修饰语，名词短语the World Atlas list后面添加了定语从句“which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity”作修饰语，名词短语updated information 后面添加了介词短语from official stadium websites作修饰语。[精准翻译]　对于这些世界上最大的体育场，我们使用了迄今为止世界地图集提供的最新数据，该数据根据它们所声明的长期容纳力对其进行排名，还使用了官方体育场网站上的更新信息。手段4　应用间隔性修饰语，使句子结构复杂化当一个名词(短语)后有很长的后置修饰语时，其他名词或动词就会把中心名词和相应的动词分隔开，考生很难辨别哪个动词应该跟随哪个名词。[高考原句]　(2021·天津，D) They are people of ability，talent，and enthusiasm who can bring their broad perspective(视角) into specific fields of expertise(专长)．[结构分析]　此句中的名词people后有两个后置修饰语，of ability，talent，and enthusiasm和who can bring their broad perspective into specific fields of expertise，此处who引导定语从句修饰先行词people，定语从句与先行词被of ability，talent，and enthusiasm分隔开。[精准翻译]　他们是有能力、有天分、有热情的人，他们能够把他们的广阔视角带入特定的专业领域。手段5　并列结构作主语，使句子更加复杂化众所周知，单个的名词(短语)作主语比较容易理解，而并列结构作主语会使主语更加复杂，这就增加了整个句子的复杂性。[经典例句]　His willingness to help others in trouble and his ability to organize various activities wonderfully made him popular with his classmates.[结构分析]　此句的主语是由并列连词and连接的并列结构，即“His willingness to help others in trouble and his ability to organize various activities wonderfully”。[精准翻译]　他乐意帮助处于困境中的人，他拥有极好地组织各种活动的能力，这使他受到他同学的欢迎。手段6　主语为动名词短语或主语从句有些复杂结构的主语不再是单个的名词或代词，而是动名词短语或主语从句，这更增加了句子的难度。[高考原句]　(2021·6月浙江，B) What my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours.[结构分析]　此句的主语是What my children want to do after school，是what引导的主语从句。[精准翻译]　我的孩子放学后想做的是拿起一个屏幕——任何屏幕——盯着它看几个小时。手段7　嵌入状语从句当一个句子被嵌入一个状语从句，主句的主语和谓语就会被状语从句分隔开，从而使句子复杂化。[经典例句]　Jane，when she found she was lost in the forest，sat beside a tree and held her shoulders in her arms tightly to make herself warmer.[结构分析]　此句中的主语Jane和谓语sat，held被when引导的时间状语从句分隔开了。[精准翻译]　当简发现她在树林中迷路时，她坐在一棵树旁，紧紧地用双臂抱住肩膀让自己暖和点。手段8　应用繁杂的间接宾语英语中有些动词(如give，offer，bring，buy等)后需要跟双宾语，即动词＋间接宾语(指人)＋直接宾语(指物)，有时间接宾语非常繁杂，使得句子的谓语远离直接宾语，造成句子难以理解。[经典例句]　She bought the students who had made great progress in the mid-of-term examination some candies.[结构分析]　此句的谓语动词是bought，它的间接宾语是the students，其后是who引导的定语从句，直接宾语是some candies。[精准翻译]　她给在期中考试中取得巨大进步的学生买了一些糖果。手段9　过多使用否定结构，使句子复杂化许多句子采用过多否定结构，从而使句子更加难以理解。[经典例句]　Hardly a week goes by without some advance in technology that would have seemed incredible 50 years ago.[结构分析]　此句中的Hardly和without是双重否定，表达肯定意义。[精准翻译]　几乎每个星期都会出现一些50年前看起来不可思议的技术进步。手段10　插入转述表达方式句子中包含转述的表达方式也可造成句子的复杂化。[经典例句]　They weren’t capable of finding the woman who Jack had said would tell them about the traffic accident.[结构分析]　此句中插入了Jack had said的转述表达方式。[精准翻译]　他们没能找到杰克所说的会告诉他们这次交通事故情况的那个女人。