新高考英语二轮复习课时练第3部分书面表达与短文改错专题5第2 微观解析分类突破 (含解析)

这是一份新高考英语二轮复习课时练第3部分书面表达与短文改错专题5第2 微观解析分类突破 (含解析)，共20页。
命题角度一 动词的错用
考点1 谓语动词的错用
考点2 非谓语动词的错用
命题角度二 名词的错用
命题角度三 形容词和副词的错用
Grup 1 达标练
1．(2022·广西桂林、梧州一模)Everyne can help fight eq \f(pllutins,pllutin) by the fllwing glden rule：reduce，reuse and recycle.
2．(2022·河南部分学校联考)Being vlunteers is f great benefit t students，eq \f(give,giving) them a sense f achievement when they are helping thers.
3．(2022·河南大联考三模)I eq \f(sincere,sincerely) hpe the details mentined abve will be f use t yu.
4．Truly artistic paintings ther than calligraphy(书法) came int eq \f(exist,existence) during the Qin Dynasty and matured in the Wei and Jin perids.
5．(2022·陕西西安五模)Nw I understand eq \f(be,being) a mther f tw is nt easy wrk as I thught.
6．(2022·安徽阜阳期末质检)That acts like a stimulus，encuraging r frcing yu t eq \f(fcusing,fcus) n yur wrk.
7．(2022·安徽芜湖期末质监)Allan Stewart，a famus eq \f(Australia,Australian) legend，was brn n March 7th,1915.
8．(2022·安徽芜湖期末质监)Successfully，he gt his master’s degree in 2006 when he was at the age f 91，the eq \f(lder,ldest) ne，creating a wrld recrd.
9．(2022·云南普洱期末统测)As a member f human beings，I am eq \f(sure,surely) willing t prtect the wildlife.
10．(2022·四川泸州期末联考)They say it is eq \f(t,s) far away that they will nt see me fr a whle year and they are afraid that I will feel lnely.
Grup 2 真题练
1．He shwed me hw his medical instruments eq \f(was,were) used.(2022·全国甲)
2．Hwever，after I went t high schl，smehw I eq \f(becme,became) distant frm him.(2022·全国甲)
3．I was unwilling eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(t)) talk with him and ften disbeyed his rule f nt eq \f(stay,staying) ut with my friends t late.(2022·全国甲)
4．We all knw that cycling is a eq \f(greatly,great) exercise.(2022·全国乙)
5．A dctr tells me peple wh eq \f(lives,live) the lngest are dancers and cyclists.(2022·全国乙)
6．Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with eq \f(bicycle,bicycles).(2022·全国乙)
7．My mm tld me hw t eq \f(preparing,prepare) it.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
8．Next I brke the eggs int a bwl and beat them quickly with eq \f(chpstick,chpsticks).(2020·全国Ⅰ)
9．I’m eq \f(surely,sure) yu’ll have a gd time.(2020·全国Ⅱ)
10．I stpped the ball and kicked it eq \f(hardly,hard) back t the playgrund.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
A
Mr Zhang is ne f my favrite high schl teacher.He is a very patient teacher，wh ften explains us everything carefully t make him understd.He’s als such kind and friendly that we always turn t him fr help.Deal with students can be annying smetimes，but he never cmplained.Besides，he always explres new ways t make his lessns attractively.Abve all，Mr Zhang is cnstantly encuraged us t get invlved in classrm activities.He makes me t realize teaching is a very meaningful prfessin.That’s because I’m determined t be a teacher like him in the future.
答案
Mr Zhang is ne f my favrite high schl eq \f(teacher,teachers).He is a very patient teacher，wh ften explains eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(t)) us everything carefully t make eq \f(him,himself) understd.He’s als eq \f(such,s) kind and friendly that we always turn t him fr help.eq \f(Deal,Dealing) with students can be annying smetimes，but he never eq \f(cmplained,cmplains).Besides，he always explres new ways t make his lessns eq \f(attractively,attractive).Abve all，Mr Zhang is cnstantly eq \f(encuraged,encuraging) us t get invlved in classrm activities.He makes me t realize teaching is a very meaningful prfessin.That’s eq \f(because,why) I’m determined t be a teacher like him in the future.
B
On Mther’s Day we can shw ur mthers ur thank.Last Mther’s Day，I had the gd time with my mm.I gt up early in the mrning and ck a delicius breakfast.My mm said it was a wnderfully breakfast.After that，we went t the park and tk n lts f pictures.The sky was blue but the air was fresh.We rented a bat rw arund the lake.At the end f that day，I said t yur mm，“Thank yu，mm，I will lve yu frever.” What happy she was.I hpe every mther can spend a pleased time with her belved children.
答案
On Mther’s Day we can shw ur mthers ur eq \f(thank,thanks).Last Mther’s Day，I had eq \f(the,a) gd time with my mm.I gt up early in the mrning and eq \f(ck,cked) a delicius breakfast.My mm said it was a eq \f(wnderfully,wnderful) breakfast.After that，we went t the park and tk n lts f pictures.The sky was blue eq \f(but,and) the air was fresh.We rented a bat eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(t)) rw arund the lake.At the end f that day，I said t eq \f(yur,my) mm，“Thank yu，mm，I will lve yu frever.” eq \f(What,Hw) happy she was.I hpe every mther can spend a eq \f(pleased,pleasing/pleasant) time with her belved children.
强化练(三十五) 短文改错(2)

A
(2022·河南洛阳统考)
I lve sprts.My friends and I ften play ftball in my ut-f-class activities.Tday I finish my PE test.As a by，I was jined in tw parts，the lng jump and the 1,000m race.I was better at the 1,000m race，where tk me 5 minutes and 20 secnds.But I didn’t d well at the lng jump.I nly jumped 4.5 meter.I lve sprts s much because they can nt nly make my bdy strnger，and als let me keep ptimistic all the time.While exercised，I can get a strng sense f successful.I can get excited and cnfident.In wrd，sprts are my favrites.
答案
I lve sprts.My friends and I ften play ftball in eq \f(my,ur) ut-f-class activities.Tday I eq \f(finish,finished) my PE test.As a by，I was jined in tw parts，the lng jump and the 1,000m race.I was better at the 1,000m race，eq \f(where,which) tk me 5 minutes and 20 secnds.But I didn’t d well eq \f(at,in) the lng jump.I nly jumped 4.5 eq \f(meter,meters).I lve sprts s much because they can nt nly make my bdy strnger，eq \f(and,but) als let me keep ptimistic all the time.While eq \f(exercised,exercising)，I can get a strng sense f eq \f(successful,success).I can get excited and cnfident.In eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(a)) wrd，sprts are my favrites.
B
(2022·安徽淮南一模)
Keep Traffic Safety in Mind
T raise students awareness f rad safety，ne traffic plice fficer was invited t give us a lecture in the schl hall the ther days.
At first，an fficer presented us with sme typical cases f traffic accidents，which greatly shck all the students.Then，he analyzed what led t the accidents and stressed the significant f fllwing traffic rules.Finally，t make all the students at present understand the traffic regulatins better，he interpreted them in detail.
S valuable the lecture that all the students benefited cnsiderable.We realized what t avid being injured n the rad and that they shuld attach great imprtance t beying traffic rules as well.
答案
Keep Traffic Safety in Mind
T raise eq \f(students,students') awareness f rad safety，ne traffic plice fficer was invited t give us a lecture in the schl hall the thereq \f( days,day).
At first，eq \f(an,the) fficer presented us with sme typical cases f traffic accidents，which greatly eq \f(shck,shcked) all the students.Then，he analyzed what led t the accidents and stressed the eq \f(significant,significance) f fllwing traffic rules.Finally，t make all the students at present understand the traffic regulatins better，he interpreted them in detail.
S valuableeq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(was)) the lecture that all the students benefited eq \f(cnsiderable,cnsiderably).We realized eq \f(what,hw) t avid being injured n the rad and that eq \f(they,we) shuld attach great imprtance t beying traffic rules as well.
C
(2022·山西朔州怀仁三模)
After my graduatin in 2015，I jined in anther university in Shanghai fr further studies.I saw that peple are mre mdern in this city.Whenever I went ut with his Chinese classmates，I always saw them paying with their phne.With the help f my classmates，I final gt my wn accunt with Alipay，an nline payment service launching by Jack Ma.It was very cnvenient and easy t use.Hwever the amunt，it can be dne n Alipay.Frm thusands t nly few cents，all can be easily transferred with a tuch and tw.Nw，with the start f a new era，I always ges ut withut my wallet.
答案
After my graduatin in 2015，I jined in anther university in Shanghai fr further studies.I saw that peple are mre mdern in this city.Whenever I went ut with eq \f( his,my) Chinese classmates，I always saw them paying with their eq \f(phne,phnes).With the help f my classmates，I eq \f(final,finally) gt my wn accunt with Alipay，an nline payment service eq \f(launching,launched) by Jack Ma.It eq \f(was,is) very cnvenient and easy t use.eq \f(Hwever,Whatever) the amunt，it can be dne n Alipay.Frm thusands t nlyeq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(a)) few cents，all can be easily transferred with a tuch eq \f(and,r) tw.Nw，with the start f a new era，I always eq \f(ges,g) ut withut my wallet.
D
(2022·江西萍乡二检)
Dear Tm，
Knwing that yu are ging t return yur wn cuntry，I’m writing t extend my sincerely gratitude fr yur help in my English learning.
If it has nt been fr yur assistance，I wuldn’t have made s rapid prgress.Whenever I had truble in learning English，yu were always there helped me.Hwever，thse bks yu gave me are als f a great help t me.I am fnd f them very much，frm that I have gt a lt f knwledges.
Again，I wuld like t express ur thanks t yu.Wish yu a safe jurney hme.
Yurs，
Li Hua
答案
Dear Tm，
Knwing that yu are ging t returneq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(t)) yur wn cuntry，I’m writing t extend my eq \f(sincerely,sincere) gratitude fr yur help in my English learning.
If it eq \f(has,had) nt been fr yur assistance，I wuldn’t have made eq \f(s,such) rapid prgress.Whenever I had truble in learning English，yu were always there eq \f(helped,helping) me.eq \f(Hwever,Besides)，thse bks yu gave me are als f a great help t me.I am fnd f them very much，frm eq \f(that,which) I have gt a lt f eq \f(knwledges,knwledge).
Again，I wuld like t express eq \f(ur,my) thanks t yu.Wish yu a safe jurney hme.
Yurs，
Li Hua
考向二 短文改错之综合命题
命题角度一 冠词
命题角度二 代词
命题角度三 介词
命题角度四 连词
并列句和复合句是增加句子长度，使句子变得复杂且丰富的有效手段。但在使用中要注意并列连词和各类从句引导词的用法。
Grup 1 达标练
1．(2022·河南部分学校大联考)There are many different kinds f vluntary activities students can participateeq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(in)).
2．(2022·河南许平汝联盟模拟)Every time my uncle enters，they will say hell eq \f(fr,t) him warmly.
3．I lve sprts s much because they can nt nly make my bdy strnger，eq \f(and,but) als let me keep ptimistic all the time.
4．Traditinal painting techniques lasted until the end f the Qing Dynasty，when mdern painting techniques started t challenge the traditinal eq \f(ne,nes).
5．(2022·江西景德镇三检)It is numerus activities，such as spken English cmpetitins，sprts events，and clubs f different interests，eq \f(which,that) help make campus life clrful and diversified.
6．(2022·江西萍乡质检)But as a secnd-year senir student，I had t prepare fr the cllege entrance examinatin eq \f(what,that/which) was nly a year away.
7．(2022·江西新余二模)I still remember the day when I tld her I had failed in a math test.T eq \f(her,my) surprise，she gave me a warm hug and encuraged me.
8．(2022·陕西宝鸡模拟)I sincerely hpe yu can investigate this incident and prper measures shuld be taken t prevent such eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(an)) incident happening again.
9．(2022·陕西西安五模)I have a much yunger brther wh is nly 2 years ld.Last week，my mther was busy cleaning the huse and asked me t take care f eq \f(himself,him).
10．(2022·四川绵阳三诊)My mther is always my rle mdel.Last Sunday，I fund that she put sme fd int eq \f( the,a) bag and went ut with it.
Grup 2 真题练
1．The disagreement was s sharp eq \f(which,that) neither he nr I knew eq \f(what,hw) t settle it.(2022·全国甲)
2．One day，he talked with me eq \f(r,and) hped t mend ur relatins.(2022·全国甲)
3．With the effrts made by eq \f(all,bth) sides，we began t understand each ther better.(2022·全国甲)
4．Maybe it is because eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(f)) the cmbinatin f fresh air，smth mvement and exercise.(2022·全国乙)
5.eq \f(Whether,If/When) yu ride a bicycle，yu dn’t use petrl.(2022·全国乙)
6．They ften run at high speeds，eq \f(what,which) may put ur lives in danger.(2022·全国乙)
7．Only a few chse t deal with the prblems neq \f(ur,their) wn.(2021·全国甲)
8．In my pinin，students can benefit a lt eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(frm)) ding sme husewrk.(2021·全国乙)
9．I als water the flwers in the yard and tidy up my wn bedrm eq \f(whatever,whenever) necessary.(2021·全国乙)
10．Actually，I started t learn kung fu when I was seven years ld，eq \f(fr,but/yet) I have lng been ut f practice.(2020·全国Ⅱ)
A
(2022·江西上饶六校联考)
Dear Lily，
I’m glad t hear that yu’ll visit China this summer vacatin！Knwing that yu’re amazing at traditinal China，I’d like t recmmend my mst favurite city，Suzhu，t yu.
Suzhu，referring as the Venice f the East，is an attractively city lcated in the sutheast f Jiangsu Prvince.It had been listed by UNESCO as a wrld cultural heritage.The Classical Gardens are the symbl f the city，there yu can have better understanding f China.Because these gardens are nt large，they’re unique t their designs.It bring tgether the beauty f nature，architecture and painting.
I believe yu will enjy yur time in Suzhu.
Yurs，
Li Hua
答案
Dear Lily，
I’m glad t hear that yu’ll visit China this summer vacatin！Knwing that yu’re eq \f(amazing,amazed) at traditinal China，I’d like t recmmend my mst favurite city，Suzhu，t yu.
Suzhu，eq \f(referring,referred) as the Venice f the East，is an eq \f(attractively,attractive) city lcated in the sutheast f Jiangsu Prvince.It eq \f(had,has) been listed by UNESCO as a wrld cultural heritage.The Classical Gardens are the symbl f the city，eq \f(there,where) yu can have eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(a)) better understanding f China.eq \f(Because,Thugh/Althugh) these gardens are nt large，they’re unique eq \f(t,in) their designs.eq \f(It,They) bring tgether the beauty f nature，architecture and painting.
I believe yu will enjy yur time in Suzhu.
Yurs，
Li Hua
B
(2022·山西大学附属中学三模)
Dear Penny，
Knwing that yu are cnfused abut the custm f giving gifts in China, I’d like t share with sme suggestins here.
T begin with，the meaning f the gifts lie in value rather than price.Giving that, yu’d better fund ut the preference f yur hsts.When cmes t the clr f wrapping paper, black r white may nt be advisable, bth f them are cnsidered t be unlucky in China.Beside, it’s bad manner t pick a clck r a pair f shes fr yur hsts.Finally, what makes the gifts specially is the bnd between the sender and the recipient.The gifts t the hsts shuld nt be cst.
I hpe these suggestins will be f great help t yu.
Yurs，
Li Hua
答案
Dear Penny，
Knwing that yu are cnfused abut the custm f giving gifts in China, I’d like t share with sme suggestins here.
T begin with，the meaning f the gifts eq \f(lie,lies) in value rather than price.eq \f(Giving,Given) that, yu’d better eq \f(fund,find) ut the preference f yur hsts.When eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(it)) cmes t the clr f wrapping paper, black r white may nt be advisable, bth f eq \f(them,which) are cnsidered t be unlucky in China.eq \f(Beside,Besides)， it’s bad eq \f(manner,manners) t pick a clck r a pair f shes fr yur hsts.Finally, what makes the gifts eq \f(specially,special) is the bnd between the sender and the recipient.The gifts t the hsts shuld nt be eq \f(cst,cstly).
I hpe these suggestins will be f great help t yu.
Yurs，
Li Hua
强化练(三十六) 短文改错(3)
A
(2022·安徽蚌埠二检)
In my childhd，my parents send me t learn Chinese handwriting，believing that it culd benefit me great.Hwever，things were quite ppsite t ur expectatins.Nt nly did I get bred with hurs f practice and I dubted the value f it.But my later experience prved that practice handwriting was f great uses.When I attended t high schl，handwriting became fantastic way fr me t relax.It was at that time that I realized what imprtant it was t master a certain skill.Dn’t refuse t learn a skill because yu will find it very help later.
答案
In my childhd，my parents eq \f(send,sent) me t learn Chinese handwriting，believing that it culd benefit me eq \f(great,greatly).Hwever，things were quite ppsite t eq \f(ur,their) expectatins.Nt nly did I get bred with hurs f practice eq \f(and,but) I dubted the value f it.But my later experience prved that eq \f(practice,practicing) handwriting was f great eq \f(uses,use).When I attended t high schl，handwriting becameeq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(a)) fantastic way fr me t relax.It was at that time that I realized eq \f(what,hw) imprtant it was t master a certain skill.Dn’t refuse t learn a skill because yu will find it very eq \f(help,helpful) later.
B
(2022·山西晋中一模)
Gd afternn，everyne!
The tpic f my speech tday was “Schl Safety”．It is n dubt that schl safety is directly relate t students’ healthy grwth and the happiness f millins f families.But what t guarantee schl safety?
Firstly，t imprve schl safety，we shuld keep ur classrms，hallways and ther schl areas are rganized and free f hazards.Secndly，the last persn leave the classrm must keep lcks n all drs and windws.Thirdly，raise fire safety awareness.While fire drills can seem repetitive at times，practice them seriusly can cause the difference between safety and danger in the event f a fire emergency.Lastly，turn ff all electrical equipment as sn as we dn’t use them.
Let’s take actin right nw but make ur wn cntributin t creating the safe campus!
Thanks fr yur listening.
答案
Gd afternn，everyne!
The tpic f my speech tday eq \f(was,is) “Schl Safety”.eq \f(It,There) is n dubt that schl safety is directly eq \f(relate,related) t students’ healthy grwth and the happiness f millins f families.But eq \f(what,hw) t guarantee schl safety?
Firstly，t imprve schl safety，we shuld keep ur classrms，hallways and ther schl areas are rganized and free f hazards.Secndly，the last persn eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(t)) leave the classrm must keep lcks n all drs and windws.Thirdly，raise fire safety awareness.While fire drills can seem repetitive at times，eq \f(practice,practicing) them seriusly can cause the difference between safety and danger in the event f a fire emergency.Lastly，turn ff all electrical equipment as sn as we dn’t use eq \f(them,it).
Let’s take actin right nw eq \f(but,and) make ur wn cntributin t creating eq \f(the,a) safe campus!
Thanks fr yur listening.
C
(2022·江西南昌一模)
One day in June，all f sudden，it rained heavily and the raindrps made a wnderful sund.We felt very ht in the classrm that we culdn’t cncentrate n schlwrk and instead f were eager t enjy the cl rain.Sensed that，the teacher simple wrte “sitting and listening” n the blackbard with a smile.I am sitting next t the windw，listening t the rain.It seemed t calm me dwn but reminded me f ancient Chinese pems，wh brught me a sense f peace.We shuld appreciate the small thing in life，like sunsets and rainbws after strms.In this way，we can develp their inner wrld int an ideal state.
答案
One day in June，all f eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(a)) sudden，it rained heavily and the raindrps made a wnderful sund.We felt eq \f(very,s) ht in the classrm that we culdn’t cncentrate n schlwrk and instead f were eager t enjy the cl rain.eq \f(Sensed,Sensing) that，the teacher eq \f(simple,simply) wrte “sitting and listening” n the blackbard with a smile.I eq \f(am,was) sitting next t the windw，listening t the rain.It seemed t calm me dwn eq \f(but,and) reminded me f ancient Chinese pems，eq \f(wh,which) brught me a sense f peace.We shuld appreciate the small eq \f(thing,things) in life，like sunsets and rainbws after strms.In this way，we can develp eq \f(their,ur) inner wrld int an ideal state.
D
(2022·江西赣州一模)
A few weeks ag，I received a package which cntained sme seeds as gift frm my friend.I swed the seeds in the sil f a beautiful flwerpt but during the first few days，smething happened.I began t feel disappinting and a bit dwn.I water the seeds in dry perids and made sure nt t ver-water them.Als，I placed the flwerpt in the sunlights.Mre days passed.Under my care，the flwerpt sn became crwded f green plants.Thanks t my friend and my patient，these plants have played an imprtant part in brighten my everyday life.Let us all t slw ur pace dwn but be patient t bserve the wrld arund us carefully.
答案
A few weeks ag，I received a package which cntained sme seeds aseq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(a)) gift frm my friend.I swed the seeds in the sil f a beautiful flwerpt but during the first few days，eq \f(smething,nthing) happened.I began t feel eq \f(disappinting,disappinted) and a bit dwn.I eq \f(water,watered) the seeds in dry perids and made sure nt t ver-water them.Als，I placed the flwerpt in the eq \f(sunlights,sunlight).Mre days passed.Under my care，the flwerpt sn became crwded eq \f(f,with) green plants.Thanks t my friend and my eq \f(patient,patience)，these plants have played an imprtant part in eq \f(brighten,brightening) my everyday life.Let us all t slw ur pace dwn eq \f(but,and) be patient t bserve the wrld arund us carefully.设错方向
解题思路
针对训练
时态的错用
1.在带有时间状语的句子中要看谓语动词的时态与该时间状语是否一致。
2.在平行或并列结构中，动词的形式通常是一致的。关键问题是看and，r等后的动词与前面的哪个动词并列，一定要辨别清楚。
3.固定句型中谓语动词的时态要牢记。前面语法填空专题已讲解。
4.完成时态中的过去分词不要误用作其他形式。
1.(2022·安徽安庆示范高中联考)I eq \f(have,had) seen the cleaning wman several times befre we had the questinnaire.
2.(2021·全国乙)I als water the flwers in the yard and eq \f(tidying,tidy) up my wn bedrm whenever necessary.
3.N snereq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(had)) he finished his task than we went ut fr a drink.
4.We students have had many tests r exams.We have bth achieved success and eq \f(suffer,suffered) frm failure，but different students have different attitudes twards failure.
语态的错用
1.构成被动语态的过去分词写成了过去式或现在分词。
2.主动语态中多了be及其变形，或被动语态中缺失 be及其变形；系动词没有被动语态；不及物动词或短语无被动语态。
5.(2022·广西桂林、梧州一模)Only in this way can a balance between the envirnment and the ecnmy eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(be)) achieved.
情态动词的错用
1.情态动词后要跟动词原形。
2.表示对过去的推测时其后跟“have＋过去分词”。
6.(2020·全国Ⅰ)Tday I tried cking a simple dish myself.I like eating fried tmates with eggs，and I thught it must t be easy t ck.
虚拟语气的错用
1.条件从句中的虚拟语气：应注意表示与现在、过去或将来相反时从句谓语动词的形式。
2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气：在表示“坚持、命令、建议、要求”等词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“(shuld＋)动词原形”。
3.“It’s (high) time that”从句的谓语动词用一般过去式或“shuld＋动词原形”。
7.If I eq \f(was,were) yu，I wuld fllw ur teacher’s advice.
8.It’s high time that yu eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(shuld))或eq \f(g,went) t the statin t pick up ur bss.
主谓一致的错用
主语是单数形式，谓语却用复数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语却用单数形式，导致主谓不一致的情况。
9.(2021·全国甲)One f the questins eq \f(are,is)：Wh will yu g t in times f truble？
设错方向
解题思路
针对训练
非谓语动词与谓语动词的误用
句中已有谓语动词，且另一动词不作并列谓语或从句谓语，则只能用非谓语动词。
1.Gd mrning，everyne！I feel hnred t be standing here，eq \f(share,sharing) my pinins n the relatinship between the envirnment and the ecnmy.
动词-ing形式与-ed形式的误用
动词-ing形式表示主动、进行；动词-ed 形式表示被动、完成；动词-ing形式转化的形容词表示“令人……的”，常修饰物；而动词-ed形式转化的形容词表示“感到……的”，常修饰人。
2.(2022·安徽安庆示范高中联考)I handed in my paper with the last questin nt eq \f(answering,answered).
不定式的误用
不定式的多余：感官动词和使役动词(get除外)后跟不带t的不定式作宾语补足语。
不定式的缺失：有些动词，如want，decide，plan等后应接带t的不定式作宾语。
3.(2022·河南大联考三模)In additin，we students were asked what measures we shuld takeeq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(t)) save fd in ur daily life.
介词后动词形式的误用
介词之后往往跟ding作宾语。要留意有些短语以介词t结尾，如：，be accustmed t，get used t，bject t，lk frward t，cntribute t等。
4.(2019·全国Ⅲ)If I succeed in eq \f(manage,managing) ne，I will pen mre.
作主语的非谓语形式的误用
动词原形不能作主语或宾语，往往使用ding或者t d 形式作主语或宾语。
5.I think eq \f(wrk,wrking) fr a newspaper and reprting frm all ver the wrld are really exciting.
设错方向
解题思路
针对训练
名词数的错用
1.表示单一概念的可数名词，要用单数。
2.可数名词前有 all，many，a lt f，different，a few，sme或者超过“一”的数词等修饰时，名词要用复数形式。
3.不可数名词没有复数形式。常见的有：advice，news，infrmatin，prgress，fun，weather，music，health，luck等。
1.(2021·全国甲)Many students say they will talk t their eq \f(friend,friends) r classmates because they’re f the same age and can understand each ther.
2.(2020·全国Ⅲ)My mm is really cncerned with the health f everyne in ur eq \f(families,family).
3.(2022·云南普洱期末统测)I hpe that mre peple can participate in the activity t advertise the eq \f(imprtances,imprtance) and benefits f envirnmental prtectin.
名词格的错用
1.误把名词用作名词所有格：表示“……的”应用所有格形式；名词可以作定语的不用所有格形式。
2.所有格形式用错：名词所有格是在名词后直接加’再加s，以s结尾的单词只加’。
4.When I was little，eq \f(Friday's,Friday) night was ur family game night.
5.We accepted the invitatin withut a eq \f(mment,mment's) hesitatin.
6.The park is near t ur htel，which is nly five eq \f(minute's,minutes') walk.
名词形式的错用
1.不要把名词误用作形容词，名词作表语时，一般与主语是同位关系，而形容词作表语则是对主语的描述。
2.不要把名词误用作动词，在介词和冠词后常用名词。
7.(2019·全国Ⅰ)T everyne’s eq \f(surprising,surprise)，the ball went int the net.
8.The building under eq \f(cnstruct,cnstructin) will be a supermarket.
设错方向
解题思路
针对训练
形容词和副词的
混用
1.副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，在句中作状语。
2.形容词主要用来修饰名词或代词，表示事物或人的性质或特征。
3.-ing形容词一般表示“令人……的”，往往修饰物，而-ed形容词一般表示“感到……的”，往往修饰人。
1.(2021·全国乙)What’s mre，ding husewrk can be a frm f eq \f(mentally,mental) relaxatin frm study.
2.(2022·安徽阜阳期末质检)I was eq \f(amazing,amazed) by my efficiency and thught abut the reasns.
形容词和副词等级的误用
1.句子本身没有比较或者是同级比较，误用了比较级；有比较级的标志than但误用了原级。
2.句子里有最高级的提示词却用了比较级，或者句中有比较级的提示词却用了最高级。
3.单音节形容词、副词和一些双音节形容词、副词，变比较级加-er或-r，变最高级加-est或-st，但句中却使用了mre或者mst。
3.I arrived at the ffice an hur mre earlier than the thers n Mnday mrning.
4.What’s wrse，sme even lse heart and n lnger study as eq \f(harder,hard) as befre.
形近副词的混用
要留意常弄混的一些副词：hard刻苦地，hardly几乎不；late 迟于，later以后，lately最近；mst极其，mstly 主要地。
5.(2021·全国甲)In my pinin，when in truble，we shuld seek help frm thse we trust eq \f(mstly,mst).
6.(2022·江西萍乡质检)S I wrked eq \f(hardly,hard) this summer vacatin.
连接副词的混用
hwever表转折，therefre表结果；beside在旁边，besides表示并列关系。
7.(2022·河南部分学校大联考)By ding vluntary wrk，students realize the imprtance f scial wrk and enhance their scial respnsibility.eq \f(Therefre,Hwever)，nt all the vluntary activities are suitable fr students.
设错方向
解题思路
针对训练
冠词的混用
1.a和an的混用。请牢记此口诀：
用a用an这样辨，不看字母看音素，见了原因(元音音素)，要施“恩(n)”。
请注意下面两句话中的冠词：
(1)In a university，a Eurpean and a ne-eyed man walked alng a ne-way rad with a useful thing.This is a usual thing.
(2)An hur ag，an hnest man accepted an unusual gift and went t finish an hnrable task.
2.不定冠词和定冠词的混用：表示特指时用定冠词the；表示泛指时用不定冠词a(n)。注意固定搭配中冠词的使用情况。
1.(2022·安徽安庆示范高中联考)What eq \f(a,an) unfrgettable lessn！
2.We shuld ensure the develpment strategies are fllwed in eq \f(the,an) envirnmentally friendly way.
冠词的多余
1.若某个词是名词复数、专有名词、抽象名词、物质名词，或已经有了限定词，前面不适合加冠词，应把位置空下来，形成“零冠词”。
2.很多不用冠词的固定搭配需要牢记。
3.(2022·江西景德镇三检)Facing s many interesting extracurricular activities，we students have a truble chsing the prper nes.
4.(2022·江西新余二模)She kept telling me she believed I wuld make a great prgress ne day.
冠词的缺失
1.一般来说，单数可数名词前应有适当的冠词，表示泛指用a(n)，表示特指用the。
2.复数可数名词如果有定语修饰表示特指也要用the。
3.注意固定短语和搭配中冠词不可缺失。
5.(2022·河南许平汝联盟模拟)At eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(the)) end f each day，she will bring them ut t the main part f the shp.
6.I can get excited and cnfident.In eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(a)) wrd，sprts are my favrites.
设错方向
解题思路
针对训练
代词的错用
1.人称代词、物主代词以及反身代词等都有单复数之分，要根据上下文确定是用单数还是用复数。
2.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，不能单独使用，常用来修饰名词；名词性物主代词相当于名词，常单独使用，不能修饰名词。
3.人称代词表示“谁”，而物主代词表示“谁的”，切忌混用。
4.反身代词是指代主语的，指动作的发出者把动作反射到本人身上。若所用代词与主语不一致，就要用人称代词而不用反身代词。
5.如果文中出现了代词，那么它所代替的词一定存在于上文的某处，要注意它们的一致性。例如，前面如果是男性单数，后面要用he，him或his取代。
6.常见的不定代词有many与much，sme(thing)与any(thing)，ther与anther，表示两者的bth，either和neither，表示三者或三者以上的all和nne等，需要掌握其用法，不能混用。
1.(2022·广西桂林、梧州一模)Undubtedly，it’s eq \f(yur,ur) duty t prtect the envirnment while we aim fr ecnmic develpment.
2.(2020·全国Ⅲ)I tell my mm that if we’re frced t eat things，we may becme ill.But eq \f(he,she) insists n us eating healthy fd.
3.(2022·河南大联考三模)eq \f(Bth,All) f these activities were aimed at raising ur awareness f saving fd.
4.What’s mre，yu have t be friends with yur pupils and take gd care f eq \f(him,them).
5.(2022·江西景德镇三检)Hwever，ppsite vices can als be heard，claiming that recreatinal activities waste t eq \f(many,much) time，and therefre may keep students frm fcusing n his r her study.
6.Because f the heat I stay at hme mst f the time during the summer vacatin and nly ccasinally g t the beach t get eq \f(me,myself) int the cl water.
代词的多余
代词的多余常存在于定语从句中，若关系词在从句中作宾语，此时就不能再用it，him或them等作宾语了。
7.The car that my uncle had just bught it was destryed in the earthquake.
代词的缺失
主要是人称代词与物主代词的缺失。若缺少主语，则考虑是否用人称代词，还要根据上下文考虑名词前是否缺少物主代词。形式宾语it也经常被漏用。
8.At last，I will be n my wn，but I still want t have my parents t turn t whenever eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(I)) need help.
设错方向
解题思路
针对训练
介词的错用
1.介词基本用法的错用：有时我们会受汉语的影响而错用介词，例如：在墙上(有一个洞)，英语应用in the wall而不是n the wall。
2.固定搭配中介词的错用：介词可与名词、动词、形容词等构成固定搭配，其中的介词是固定的。有时搭配中的介词不同意义也不同。
1.(2022·河南大联考三模)An exhibitin f Chinese Calligraphy which was written by students was displayed eq \f(n,in) the schl library.
2.(2022·陕西西安五模)As he was t yung t be left alne，I needed t fcus my attentin eq \f(t,n) him cnstantly.
3.But I didn’t d well eq \f(at,in) the lng jump.I nly jumped 4.5 meters.
介词的多余
1.及物动词后无需加介词直接跟宾语。
2.this/that/these/thse/last/next/a/every/each等词构成的时间短语，单独作状语时，前面不用任何介词。
4.Yu can als chse t make changes in famus dramas t enter int the cmpetitin.
5.Bb’s wife tld him that he had frgtten his wallet in that mrning.
介词的缺失
1.不及物动词后需要加介词才能跟宾语。
2.作定语的不定式中，动词如果是不及物动词，或不定式修饰的名词或代词是不定式动词的地点、工具等，不定式后要有相应的介词。
6.He fed the snake n mice and gave it a huge area in their yard t liveeq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(in)).
设错方向
解题思路
针对训练
并列连词的错用与多余
1.并列连词的错用：常见的并列连词有and(表示递进、并列或顺承)，but(表示转折)，r(表示选择)，s(表示因果)等。应根据逻辑关系选择适当的连词。
2.并列连词的多余：同一个句子中althugh/thugh和but不能同时使用，because和s也不能同时使用。
1.(2020·全国Ⅰ)First I cut the tmates int pieces eq \f(but,and) put them aside.
2.Thugh nt very big，but the restaurant is ppular in ur area.
定语从句关系词的错用与缺失
1.关系代词that与which的错用：在非限制性定语从句中关系代词用which，介词后用which；在不定代词、最高级、序数词后用that。特别注意：what不能引导定语从句。
2.关系代词与关系副词的错用：关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语；关系副词作状语。
3.关系词的缺失：在there be句型中经常考查，容易受汉语影响而漏用关系词wh/that/which。
3.(2022·河南部分学校大联考)Nwadays，mre and mre peple have taken part in vluntary wrk，eq \f(that,which) is a sign f scial prgress.
4.(2020·全国Ⅲ)Understanding her gd intentins，I eat all the fd eq \f(what,that) is prvided by Mm with appreciatin.
5.(2022·河南许平汝联盟模拟)At the back f the shp is a big rm eq \f(which,where) anther lady wrks.
名词性从句连接词的错用、缺失与多余
1.从属连词与连接代词、连接副词的错用：从属连词不作成分，而连接代词、连接副词作成分。
2.连接代词与连接副词的错用：连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，而连接副词在从句中作状语。
3.从属连词that的缺失：that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般不能省略，引导宾语从句时可省略。
4.连接词的多余：一个从句只能有一个连接词，即使这个连接词可以省略，也不能再用其他连接词。
6.eq \f(That,What) yu shuld d is make full preparatins fr it.
7.(2022·广西桂林、梧州一模)Fr ne thing，it’s unavidable t damage the envirnment that while we develp the ecnmy.
8.I’ve als realized eq \f(what,hw) difficult it is fr my parents t supprt ur family.
9.One reasn fr her preference fr city life iseq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(that)) she can have easy access t places like shps and restaurants.
状语从句连接词的错用
1.应根据逻辑关系判定是何种状语从句，并选择适当的连接词。
2.不要把介词误用作连接词，例如：despite，during等为介词，不能引导状语从句。
3.应注意常见的固定句式中连接词的使用。
10.(2021·全国甲)In my pinin，eq \f(where,when/whenever/if) in truble，we shuld seek help frm thse we trust mst.
11.eq \f(Despite,Althugh/Thugh) it might sund strange，his idea was accepted by all the peple at the meeting.
12.Jack is s tall eq \f(which,that) he can reach the flwer n the wall.
强调句结构的错用
强调句结构为：It’，有时与定语从句或名词性从句混用，而把that错用。
13.It’s nt what yu say but what yu d eq \f(which,that) matters.