【期中单元考点讲练】(人教版) 2023-2024学年八年级上册英语Unit5考点讲练
展开Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?
Unit5
核心话题
娱乐活动
重点词汇
sitcom, news, soap opera, mind ,stand ,educational,plan, hope ,discussion ,happen,expect joke,comedy, meaningless,action,cartoon ,culture , famous ,appear,become ,rich successful, might , main, reason, common, film , unlucky, lose , girlfriend ,ready character .etc
重点短语
1. find out 2. action movie 3. be ready to 4. dress up 5. take sb’s place
6. come out 7. become rich and famous 8. be ready to 9. be like somebody
10. try one’s best 11. think of
重点句型
1. What do you think of these TV shows and movies?
2. I like to watch action movies because they’re exciting.
3. It comes from an old Chinese story.
4. The movie shows her love for her family,friends and country.
5. She dresses up like a boy and takes her father’s place to fight in the army.
语法
动词不定式作宾语的用法
写作
谈论对不同类型的电视节目或电影的看法
考点1 show“表演;展览”
[教材原句] 1. What do you think of talk shows?你认为谈话节目怎么样?
①show用作名词,还可意为“表演;展览”。 on show意为“在展出;在展览中”。
☛There is a flower show in the park. 公园里有一个花展。
②show用作及物动词,意为“给……看;展示”,常用于以下结构:
show sb. sth.
show sth. to sb.
☛Please show me your English book. = Please show your English book to me. 请将你的英语书给我看看。
(3)show在此用作可数名词,意为“(电视或广播的)节目”。talk shows意为“访谈节目”。
☛He is a talk show host. 他是一名访谈节目主持人。
☛What’s your favourite TVshow? 你最喜爱的电视节目是什么?
【知识拓展】
1. What do you think of talk shows?你认为谈话节目怎么样?
(1)What do/does+sb+think of ...? 意为"某人认为……怎么样?",用来询问对方对某人或某物的观点或看法,相当于How do / does sb like ...? 但要注意,这两句中的what与how不可混用。
☛ —What do you think of (How do you like)Chinese food? 你认为中国菜怎么样?
—Very delicious. I like it so much. 很可口。我非常喜欢它。
【知识拓展】
询问对方的意见或看法的回答,通常用:
I like...very much.
我非常喜欢……
I don’t like...
我不喜欢……
I love...
我爱……
I can’t stand...
我不能忍受……
I don’t mind...
我不介意……
(2)think of 当"考虑, 对……有某种看法"讲时可以和think about互换。
☛Don’t think of/about me any more. 不要再考虑我。
☛They’re thinking about/of buying a new car. 他们正在考虑买一辆新车。
☛What do you think of about the film? 你认为那部影片怎么样?
【知识拓展】
(1)think of 还可意为"认为,想起"等。后跟名词、代词、动名词等。
☛She will smile when she thinks of her good friends. 当她想起她的好朋友时她就会微笑。
(2)think over意为"仔细考虑"。
☛Think over, and you’ll find a way. 仔细考虑一下,你就会有办法的。
【经典练】
1.—What do you think of talk shows?
—________
A.Yes, I love them. B.I can’t find them.
C.I don’t mind them. D.Because they’re funny.
【写作佳句】(2022秋·北京怀柔·八年级统考期末)I like nature shows best and Animal World is my favourite.我最喜欢自然节目,《动物世界》是我的最爱。
考点2 news
n. 新闻节目;新闻。不可数名词,没有复数形式。在句中作主语时,其后的谓语动词用单数形式。
☛We listen to the news on the radio. 我们收听广播里的新闻报道。
☛No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。(谚语)
【知识拓展】
home news国内新闻 foreign news国外新闻
a piece of news一条新闻
【注意】
news虽然以s结尾,但不是名词复数形式, newspaper 报纸,是可数名词。
【易混辨析】
news
不可数名词
意为"信息;新闻",指公众感兴趣的近来发生的事件,尤其是通过广播、电视、报纸、网络等报道的事件。
information
不可数名词
意为"信息",常指通过学习、阅读、查询等方式获得的。
message
可数名词
一般指口头传递或书写的"音信"。
☛We often listen to the morning news. 我们常常收听早间新闻。
☛I have some information about the exam. 我有一些关于这次考试的信息。
☛Can I take a message for him? 能给他捎个信吗?
【经典练】
1.(2022秋·吉林长春·八年级统考期末)I have some ________ to tell you.
A.piece of news B.pieces of news C.piece of new D.pieces of newses
【写作佳句】(2023·吉林长春·统考中考真题)John Smith often looks through the news about films to know what’s on in the cinema.约翰·史密斯经常浏览电影新闻,想知道电影院在上映什么。
考点3. mind
vt. 留心,介意。后接名词/动词-ing/从句,一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。
☛Would you mind closing the window? 你介意关窗户吗?
☛We don’t mind this heat. 我们不在乎这种炎热。
n. 头脑;心智
change one’s mind 改变主意
make up one’s mind 下决心
☛He is ninety years old, but his mind is sharp. 他虽然90岁了,但头脑很灵活。
☛I think nothing can change his mind. 我认为没什么可以改变他的主意。
【知识拓展】
(1)对"Would you mind…?""Do you mind…?"句型进行回答时,表示"不介意"常用"Not at all./No,I don’t./Certainly not./Of course not./No,go ahead.";表示"介意"常用"I’m sorry,but…/I’m afraid…/I wish you wouldn’t."
(2)Never mind."不要紧,没关系。"常用来安慰对方。
【经典练】
1.(2022秋·湖南岳阳·八年级统考期中)—It’s getting cold. Would you mind ________ the window?
—Of course not.
A.closing B.in closing C.to close
【写作佳句】 —If you focus your minds in class and take notes well, you will learn it better.—如果你在课堂上集中注意力,做好笔记,你会学得更好。
考点4 stand
vt. 忍受。其用法为:
sth/sb
stand
doing sth
常用于否定句和疑问句,与can连用。can’t stand意为"无法忍受",can’t stand(sb)doing sth意为"无法忍受(某人)做某事"。
☛To get along with others, you must learn to stand.要与他人和睦相处,你必须学会容忍。
☛I can’t stand being kept waiting.让我一直等着,我受不了。
v. 起立,站立。
☛Stand up,please.请起立。
【经典练】
1.(2022秋·黑龙江佳木斯·八年级统考期末)—What do you think of the program?
—________. It’s meaningless.
A.I love it B.I’m not sure C.I can’t stand it
【写作佳句】(2022秋·甘肃平凉·八年级统考期中)I can’t stand game shows, it’s boring.我不能忍受游戏节目,太无聊了。
考点5. plan v. & n. 打算; 计划
plan to do sth 计划/打算做某事(to do sth用作宾语)
make a plan for为……制订计划
☛We plan to build a new house here.我们计划在这儿建一所新房子。
☛You should make a plan for your studies.你应该制订一个学习计划。
【经典练】1.(2022秋·吉林长春·八年级统考期中)We plan ________ a party next Saturday.
A.have B.to have C.having D.has
【写作佳句】—I prefer to make my new term’s plan rather than play computer games these days.—这些天我宁愿制定新学期的计划,也不愿玩电脑游戏。
考点6. hope
n. 希望。常用短语:
new hope 新希望
Project Hope 希望工程
v. 希望
hope to do sth 希望做某事
hope +that从句
☛I hope to finish my homework before 6:00.我希望在六点前完成作业。
☛I hope that you can come to meet my family.我希望你能来见见我的家人。
【知识拓展】
I hope so. 我希望是这样的。
I hope not. 我希望不是这样。
【易混辨析】hope/wish
hope和wish,二者都有"希望"的意 思,二者对比如下:
(1)不同点
①hope表达实现的可能性较大的愿望;wish表达的愿望实现的可能性较小,且从句要用虚拟语气。
☛The student hopes that you can help him with his English.(can不用could代替)那个学生希望你能帮助他学习英语。
☛How I wish I were a bird. 我多么希望我是一只小鸟。(动词不用hope)
②"希望某人做某事 "应说:wish sb. to do sth.,不能说:hope sb. to do sth.
☛He wished me to go with him. 他希望我和他一块儿去。 (动词不能用hope)
③wish可以接双宾语,表示"祝愿",hope则没有这种用法。
☛Wish you good luck. 祝你好运。 (动词不能用hope)
④hope可用于简略回答,wish一般不能。
☛—Will it rain tomorrow? 明天会下雨吗?
—I hope so./I hope not. 但愿如此。/希望不。(动词不能用wish)
(2)相同点
以下句型可换用:
☛They hope to visit China.
=They wish to visit China. 他们希望访问中国。
☛People should always hope/wish for the best and prepare for the worst. 人们应该总是抱最好的愿望,作最坏的打算。
【经典练】
1.He hoped _________ a good grade in the exam.
A.to get B.got C.getting D.get
【写作佳句】I hope all my friends can come to my birthday party this Saturday.我希望这个星期六我所有的朋友都能参加我的生日聚会。
考点7. find out 查明; 弄清
指通过调查、研究等方式查明事情的真相,后面常跟宾语从句。
☛Did they find out where the old man lived? 他们查明那位老人住在哪里了吗?
辨析:
find 意为"找到;发现",强调动作的结果。
look for意为"寻找",强调寻找的过程。
☛Mr. Li found his lost keys in the library. 李老师在图书馆里找到了他丢失的钥匙
☛He is looking for his wallet. 他正在找他的钱包。
【经典练】1.Read the story and ________ the great hero in it.
A.come out B.find out C.go out D.look out
【写作佳句】To compare these pictures is to find out how they are the same and how they are different.比较这些图片是为了找出它们的相同之处和不同之处。
考点8. happen v. 发生; 出现
不及物动词,后面不能跟宾语,常用句式:
sth happened to sb 某人发生了什么事(常指不好的事)
sth happened+ 地点/时间,意为"某地/某时发生了某事"
☛An accident happened on Park Street.事故发生在公园街。
【知识拓展】
happen v. 碰巧,常用于
sb happened to do sth某人碰巧做某事
It happened that...
I happened to read the story, so I can tell them the truth. 碰巧我读过那个故事,所以我能告诉他们事实真相。
【易混辨析】happen/take place
相同点:都意为"发生",都为不及物动词,都不可用于被动语态。
不同点: happen指具体客观事件发生,有偶然性,未能预见。
take place尤指根据安排或计划发生,含有事先预料或计划的意思。
☛When did the accident happen? 事故什么时候发生的?
☛When will the wedding take place? 婚礼什么时候举行?
【经典练】
1.(2022秋·湖北十堰·八年级十堰市实验中学校考期中)—Can you tell me what happened ________ him just now?
—He expected ________ cartoons, but his brother wanted to see action movies. So they had a fight.
A.to, to see B.on, seeing C.with, to see D.to, seeing
【写作佳句】Get prepared so that you can set off immediately if something happens.做好准备,以便在发生什么事情时能够立即出发。
考点9. expect v. 预料;期待
expect to do sth期盼做某事
expect sb to do sth 期望/期待某人做某事
"expect+ that从句"期待……
☛She expects to go abroad.她期待着出国。
☛We cannot expect her to do the homework as well as look after the children.我们不能指望她既做作业又照看孩子。
【经典练】
1.(2023·山东滨州·八年级统考期末)His mother expects him ________ married ________ Lilly one day.
A.get; with B.get; to C.to get; with D.to get; to
【写作佳句】(2022秋·山东青岛·八年级统考期末)They practiced a lot and expected to win the soccer game.他们练习了很多,希望能赢得足球比赛。
考点10 one day
10. I hope to be a TV reporter one day. 我希望有一天成为一名电视台记者。
one day"有一天"。可以表示过去的某一天,也可以表示将来的某一天。
☛One day I met my Chinese teacher on the street. 有一天我在街上遇到了我的语文老师。
【知识拓展】
some day表示将来的某一天。如:
☛Some day I will catch up with you. 总有一天我会赶上你的。
【经典练】
1.Take care of water, or it will ________ one day.
A.get out B.hang out C.run out
【写作佳句】I hope my dream of becoming a great basketball player can come true one day.我希望我成为一名伟大的篮球运动员的梦想有一天能够实现。
考点11. go on
go on 此处意为"发生",与happen同义,常用于进行时态。
☛What’s going on here? 这儿发生了什么事?
【知识拓展】
go on的其他常见用法
(1)(指情况,形势)持续;继续下去
The noise goes on 24 hours a day. 噪音一天24个小时没有消停过。
(2)(指时间 )过去;流逝
As time went on, the young man became more and more successful. 随着时间的推移,那位年轻人变得越来越成功。
(3)继续说(用于短暂停顿之后)
He hesitated for a moment and then went on. 他犹豫了一会儿,然后继续往下说。
【经典练】
1.(2023·吉林·校联考二模)—I’m going to see my grandma.
—It’s cold outside. Why not ________ your coat?
A.put on B.go on C.get on
【写作佳句】—I enjoy watching the news. I hope find out what’s going on around the world.——我喜欢看新闻。我希望了解世界各地发生了什么。
考点12. discussion n. 讨论,商量
discussion常用短语为:
(1)have a discussion about/on sth. 就某事展开讨论
☛They have just had a discussion about where to spend their holidays. 他们刚讨论过到什么地方度假。
(2)have a discussion with sb. 和某人讨论
☛We have a discussion with foreign teachers. 我们和外教们展开讨论。
【经典练】
1.—What were you doing when I called you last night?
—I ________ our field trip plan with Lily on the phone.
A.discuss B.will discuss C.was discussing D.discussed
【写作佳句】(2022秋·甘肃白银·八年级统考期末)The teacher asked us to discuss our problems with each other.老师让我们互相讨论我们的问题。
考点13. follow v. 跟随,追随
(1)follow sb./sth. "跟随某人/某物"。
☛Follow me. I’ll show you the way. 跟我走。我来给你带路。
(2)follow还有"遵循;理解;领会"等意思。
☛We have to follow school rules. 我们不得不遵守校规。
☛You are speaking too fast and we can’t quite follow you. 你讲得太快,我们不太懂你的意思。
【知识拓展】
follower n. 追随者
following adj.下列的,接着的
【经典练】
1.—Betty, you’d better follow the doctor’s _______ and do more exercise.
—I will. Thank you.
A.agreement B.advice C.information D.discovery
【写作佳句】Follow me, and I’ll show you the way.跟着我,我来给你带路。
考点14. joke n. 笑话;玩笑。
常用短语:
tell jokes/ a joke 讲笑话
play a joke on sb 开某人的玩笑
☛He likes telling jokes 他喜欢讲笑话。
【经典练】
1.We shouldn’t _________ other’s weaknesses. That’s very mean.
A.make jokes about B.joke of C.laugh for D.respect
【写作佳句】 He often tells us jokes and makes us laugh.他经常给我们讲笑话,逗我们笑。
考点15. meaningless adj. 毫无意义的。
是由名词"meaning(意思,含义)+后缀less"构成。less常用来构成形容词,表示"无……的,不能……"。其反义词是meaningful"意味深长的,有意义的"。
☛His words seemed to be meaningless. 他的话似乎没有任何意义。
【知识拓展】
常见的加-less后缀构成的单词有:
use+less→useless无用的 hope + less→hopeless无望的
care + less→careless粗心的 help + less→helpless无助的
end + less→endless没完没了的 home +less → homeless无家可归的
【经典练】
1.—What do you ________ your passing summer holiday?
—It is such a ________ holiday that I have broadened my horizon and practised my full abilities.
A.think over; pleasant B.think about; meaningless
C.think out; pleased D.think of; meaningful
【写作佳句】—But sending messages itself may be a waste of time if we lose ourselves in meaningless chatting.—但是如果我们陷入毫无意义的聊天中,发送消息本身可能就是浪费时间。
考点16. famous adj. 著名的;出名的
famous 相当于well known,其用法如下:
be famous as...
作为……出名。后接表示职业等的词。
be famous for...
因为……出名。后接闻名的原因。
be famous to...
为……所熟知。后接人。
☛Bruce Lee is famous as an actor. 李小龙作为演员出名。
☛Lang Lang is famous for playing the piano. 郎朗因为弹钢琴出名。
【经典练】
1.The Great Wall is one of ________ wonders in the world.
A.famous B.more famous C.most famous D.the most famous
【写作佳句】Liu Yang is a famous astronaut. She will visit our school next week.刘洋是一名著名的宇航员,她下周将参观我们学校。
考点17. come out
出版;发表。其中out是副词。
☛The new textbooks will come out at the end of this month. We need to wait. 新课本这个月底就要出版了。我们需要等一等。
☛When will Shui Mu Nian Hua’s new recording come out? 水木年华的新唱片什么时候发行?
【知识拓展】
come out还可以表示"出来,(花)开放"之意。
☛The sun is coming out. 太阳就要出来了。
☛The flowers begin to come out in spring. 春天花儿开始开放。
【经典练】
1.(Another new book written by my favorite writer will ________ next month.
A.come out B.come on C.come up
【写作佳句】I love all kinds of books so every time a good book comes out, I can’t wait to buy one.我喜欢各种各样的书,所以每次一本好书出版,我都迫不及待地想买一本。
考点18. successful adj. 获得成功的,有成就的
☛We are sure that the first National Youth Games will be successful. 我们确信第一届国际青年运动会将会 获得成功。
【知识拓展】
(1)success名词,意为"成功"。
☛I wish you success in studies. 我祝你学业成功。
(2)succeed动词,用法为succeed in doing sth,意为"成功地做某事"。
☛At last he succeeded in solving the problem. 最终他成功地解决了这个问题。
(3)successfully副词,意为"成功地",修饰动词。
☛He worked out the project successfully. 他成功地攻克了这个工程。
【经典练】
1.I don’t think it is a ________ performance.
A.success B.successful C.successfully D.successes
【写作佳句】(2023·青海·统考中考真题)To our surprise, local villagers are successful in planting strawberries without soil in Hainan.让我们惊讶的是,当地村民在海南成功地种植了无土草莓。
考点19. in the 1930s 在20世纪30年代
in +the+基数词+(’)s为年代表达方式。前两个数字代表世纪,后两个数字代表年代。注意,要在表示世纪的数字上加1才是正确的世纪。
☛It was in the 1960s. 那是在二十世纪六十年代。
【知识拓展】
表示某年代的早期、中期和晚期,可以在定冠词后,年代前添加 early,mid-,late。
in the early 1920(’)s 在二十世纪二十年代早期
in the mid1950(’)s 在二十世纪五十年代中期
【经典练】
1.(2022秋·甘肃平凉·八年级统考期中)________, he made 87 cartoons with Mickey.
A.In 1930s B.In the 1930s C.In the 1930 D.In 1930
【写作佳句】 It was my grandma’s ninetieth birthday. She was born in the 1930s.周末是我奶奶的九十岁生日。她出生于20世纪30年代。
考点20. might modal v.可能;可以
might情态动词,意为"可能"。没有人称的变化,与动词原形一起构成谓语。might表示对事物作不太肯定的推测,与may用法一样,只是might比may的语气更弱,表示的可能性更小。
☛It might be windy tomorrow. 明天可能有风。
☛Your uncle might be having a meeting but I’m not sure. 你叔叔可能在开会,不过我不确定。
【知识拓展】
表推测的情态动词还有must(一定),can(可能),could(可能)等。它们用在句子中时都没有时态的区别,只是语气强弱不同,即could,might在表示推测时不表示过去时态。这些情态动词按语气由强到弱依次为:must,can,could,may,might。
【经典练】
1.(2022秋·北京东城·八年级统考期末)— Be careful when you walk across this old bridge. It ________ be very safe.
— I will.
A.must not B.need not C.might not D.should not
【写作佳句】When the tourists first go to Tibet, they might find it hard to take in air.当游客第一次去西藏,他们可能发现很难呼吸空气。
考点21. reason n. 原因;理由
the reason for sth/doing sth/to do sth某事/做某事的原因
☛Give me your reason for doing it. 给我你做这件事情的理由。
☛We have the reason to believe that he is lying. 我们有理由认为他是在撒谎。
【知识拓展】
reason 后可接定语从句,可用why引导,相当于for which。
☛Tell me the reason why you are late. 告诉我你迟到的原因。
【经典练】
1.The reason ________ his success is simple: keep on trying new things.
A.in B.on C.for D.from
【写作佳句】On the streets of Kunming during the International Labor Day holiday, jacarandas (蓝花楹) swing in the wind, which may be the reason why Kunming is called the city of spring.“五一”假期期间,昆明的街道上,蓝花楹在风中摆动,这也许就是昆明被称为春城的原因。
考点22 be ready for
9. However, he was always ready to try his best. 然而,他总是愿意尽他最大的努力。
(1)此句中的always表示一种长期的行为,和形容词ready连用,构成短语be always ready to do sth"总是愿意做某事;随时随地可以从事某事"。
☛ Don’t worry I’m always ready to help you. Just ask. OK? 别担心,我随时可以帮你的。只要说一声,好吧?
(2)be ready to do sth有两种含义,一种 是"乐意做某事",另一种是"准备去做某事",后者相当于get ready to do sth。
☛The students are ready to climb the hill. 学生们正准备去爬山。
=The students are getting ready to climb the hill.
【知识拓展】
be/get ready for sth /doing sth 意为"为某事/做某事做好准备"。
☛I’m(getting)ready for my math test. 我在准备我的数学测试。
(2)try one’s best to do sth意为"尽某人最大努力做某事",相当于do one’s best to do sth。
☛Don’t give up. Just try your best. 不要放弃。只管尽你最大的努力。
☛We must try/do our best to improve our English. 我们必须尽全力来提高我们的英语水平。
【经典练】
1.We should always be __________ help __________.
A.ready for ; others B.ready to ; others C.ready to ; other
【写作佳句】The world may not be ready for me, but ready or not, I am here now.世界可能还没有为我准备好,但无论准备好与否,我现在就在这里。
考点23. dress up 装扮,乔装打扮
dress up常与as/like连用,后接表示"人"的词,意为"打扮成……"。
☛The boy dressed up as/like a king. 男孩装扮成一位国王。
【知识拓展】
(1)dress up in+衣服
☛The girl likes to dress up in her sister’s clothes. 这小女孩喜欢穿她姐姐的衣服。
(2)be dressed in+衣服 穿着……
☛He was dressed in a black sweater. 他穿着一件黑毛衣。
【经典练】
1.(2022秋·安徽安庆·八年级统考期中)—Why did you ________ like Mickey Mouse?
—Because I wanted to make my little sister happy.
A.get up B.put up C.dress up D.make up
【写作佳句】—At the New Year’s party, Mr Brown dressed up a Mickey Mouse to make us laugh up and down.—在新年晚会上,布朗先生打扮成一只米老鼠,逗我们笑个不停。
考点24. take one’s place 代替
take one’s place 短语有两个意思:
(1)"就座"相当于take one’s seat。
☛He takes his place.
=He takes his seat. 他就座/坐下。
(2)"代替",相当于take the place of sb.。
☛He takes my place.
=He takes the place of me. 他取代/代替了我。
一.语法精讲——动词不定式
动词不定式
动词不定式由"to + 动词原形"构成,有时可以省略to。动词不定式在句中可作宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语等。动词不定式在句子中不作谓语,所以没有人称、数和时态的变化。
(一)不定式的具体用法:
考点 1
作宾语
在offer,plan,hope,decide,learn, wish,want,agree,refuse,begin, start,forget,remember等动词之后作宾语。
Finally he offered to go shopping with me. 最后他主动提出跟我一起购物。
I want to see a film tomorrow evening. 我想明天晚上去看一部电影。
在know,decide,remember等动词之后可用"疑问词+动词不定式"作宾语。
I don’t want to stay at home, but I don’t know where to go. 我不想待在家里,但是我不知道去哪里。
考点 2
作宾语
补足语
在teach,ask,allow,invite,advise等动词之后用不定式作宾补。
My parents allow me to play computer games at weekends. 我父母允许我周末玩电脑游戏。
在let,make和have之后用省略to的不定式作宾补。
My mother often makes me clean the windows. 我妈妈常常让我擦窗户。
考点 3
作状语
动词不定式表示目的。
They are working hard to save the injured tiger. 他们正在努力营救那只受伤的老虎。
考点4
作定语
不定式在句中作定语,置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。
She was the first person to think of the idea. 她是第一个想出这个主意的人。
考点5
作主语
不定式直接作主语
To say is easy, but to do is not easy. 说起来容易,做起来难。
It作形式主语,不定式(短语)作真正的主语
It is difficult (for me) to learn maths well. (对我来说)学好数学很难。
【巧学妙记】
只能接不定式作宾语的动词
同意提出做计划,要求答应来帮忙。
准备决定遭拒绝,敢于选择有希望。
不能做到莫假装。设法学会强强强
agree (同意); offer (提出); plan (计划); ask (要求); promise (答应); help (帮忙); prepare (准备);decide (决定); refuse (拒绝);dare (敢于); choose (选择); wish,hope, want,expect (希望,想要);fail(不能;忘记); pretend (假装); manage (设法);learn (学会)
(二)不带to的不定式的使用
动词不定式通常带to,但在有些搭配中不带to,在另一些搭配中可带to可不带to。归纳起来,以下情况下使用不带to不定式:
1. 在can/could,may/might,will/would,shall/should,must,need,dare等情态动词之后,动词不定式不带to。
2. 在表示感觉意义的动词,如see,feel,watch,notice,smell,hear,observe等后,或是表示"致使"意义的动词,如have,let,make等后,动词不定式不带to。
I often heard him say that he would study hard.
I must have him see his own mistakes.
但是,当这类结构转换为被动语态时,后面的不带to的不定式一般要转换为带to不定式。
He was often heard to say that he would study hard.
After he had finished speaking, he was made to answer innumerable questions.
3. 在动词help之后可用不带to的不定式,也可用带to的不定式。
Help the old lady (to) carry the heavy box.
4. 在had better,would rather,may/might as well,rather than,can not but等搭配之后,动词不定式也不带to。
Unless you feel too ill to go out, I would rather not stay at home tonight.
She could not but criticize his foolish behavior.
5. 在make do,make believe,let drop,1et fall,1et fly,let slip,let drive,let go off,hear say,hear tell,leave go of等固定搭配中,用不带to的动词不定式。
They let go of the rope. 他们松开了绳子。
John let fly a torrent of abuse at me. 约翰朝我痛骂了一顿。
I’ve heard tell of him. 我听说过他。
Some of the faculty were let go for lack of the students. 由于生源不足,一些教职员工被解雇了。
6. 在介词but,except之后,如果其前有动词do的某种形式,其后不定式一般不带to,反之则必须带to,表示"不得不,只能"。
He will do anything except work on the farm.
There was nothing left for the enemy to do but surrender.
The spy was both hungry and cold; there was nothing left for him but to give in.
I had no choice but to wait till it stopped raining.
下面一些短语是固定搭配,不带to:can not help but,can not choose but,can not but,do nothing but,have nothing to do but。
I can not but admire his courage.
如果上述句中有do,to省略:
I did nothing but watch TV last night.
如果是下面一个固定搭配,就带to:
I have no choice but to give up my idea.
7. 紧跟在why或why not之后的动词不定式总是不带to。但是,紧跟在who,what,which,whether等连接词后的不定式带to。
Why stand up if you can sit down?
Why not ask your teacher when you don’t understand the meaning?
You needn’t decide yet whether to study arts or science.
(三)不定式的完成式和进行式
1. 构成
完成式:to+ have done
进行式:to+ be doing
2. 用法
完成式:如果不定式所表示的动作(状态)发生在主要谓语动作之前,那么不定式就要用完成式形式。
进行式:如果主要谓语动作(情况)发生时,不定式所表示的动作正在发生,那么不定式就要用进行式形式。
She feels relaxed to have finished writing her thesis before the deadline.
The Vikings are believed to have discovered America.
When you called me last night, I happened to be working on the computer.
(四)不定式的被动形式
当不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时,不定式要用被动形式,包括它的一般式和完成式。
For twelve years, Spanish censorship(审查机构) did not allow Lorca’s name to be mentioned and his work to be published.
The snow was supposed to have been blown off the mountain.
(五)不定式的否定形式
否定形式是在不定式的标志to前加not。
I decided not to ask him again.
Please remember not to leave the lights on when you are out.
二. 单元写作
话题分析
本单元的话题与娱乐活动相关,主要的语言功能是谈论对不同类型的电视节目或电影的看法,与此相关的写作题目往往围绕电视节目或电影展开。
写作目标
1. 能用"What do you think of…?"询问对方对某个电视节目或电影的看法;
2. 能使用I like…/I love…/I don’t mind…/I can’t stand…表达自己对电视节目或电影的看法;
3. 写作微技能:善用连词,使文章逻辑清晰,思路流畅。
◆开头句
①My favorite TV show is…
②Do you like watching…?
③Different people like different kinds of shows.
◆中间句
①Some people think it's fun to watch them.
②However,some people can't stand them.
③As for sitcoms,she doesn't mind them.
④All of them try their best to show themselves.
⑤There are two reasons why I like the show so much.
⑥You can expect to learn a lot from it.
◆结尾句
①It is a really interesting and educational TV show.
②In my opinion,these programs are wonderful.
【谚语积累】
Each one has his own point of view.仁者见仁,智者见智。
典例赏析
你喜欢选秀节目吗?近年来,选秀节目层出不穷。对此,人们众说纷纭。请结合所给要点,以“Different Ideas About Talent Shows”为题写一篇80词左右的英语短文。
写作要点:
1.有些人持赞成意见;
2.有些人持反对意见;
3.你的看法。
要求:
1.语句通顺,逻辑连贯,可适当发挥;
2.词数80左右。
◆◆审题指导
1.文体:议论文;
2.时态:以一般现在时为主;
3.注意事项:注意段落布局并恰当使用复合句或连接词来增加得分点。◆◆思路点拨
◆◆组句成篇
One possible version:
Different Ideas About Talent Shows
Do you like watching talent shows?More and more talent shows are on TV recently.
Different people have different ideas.Some people think it's fun to watch them.They make people's life more colorful,and give many people chances to make their dreams come true.We can find some talented performers in these shows.All of them try their best to show themselves.
However,some people can't stand them.They think some students spend too much time watching the programs.It is bad for their study.Some students even stop studying to take part in them.
In my opinion,these programs are wonderful.I like them very much.And we should regard them in a right way
一.常用词组
1.watch a talk show/talk shows 看脱口秀(谈话节目)
2.mind sth./doing sth. 介意某事(物)/介意做某事
3.can't stand news 无法忍受新闻
4.can't stand doing sth.无法忍受做某事
5.find out 查明;弄清
6.have a discussion about sth. 关于某事进行一次讨论
7. learn some great jokes from sitcoms 从情景喜剧中学到一些很棒的笑话
8.learn...from...从·····学到···..·
9.think of 想到;认为
10. plan to watch a sports show 打算看一个运动节目
11.watch cartoons/action movies/soap operas/sports shows 看动画片/动作片/肥皂剧/体育节目
12.scary movies 恐怖片
13.in American culture 在美国文化里
14. one of the most famous symbols 最著名的象征之一
15.the black mouse with two large round ears 长着两只又大又圆耳朵的黑色老鼠
16.over 80 years ago 80 多年前
17.come out(书、电影等)出版;发行
18.the first cartoon with sound and music 第一部有声配乐的动画片
19.become very rich and successful 变得非常富有和成功
20.in the 1930s在20世纪30年代
21.make cartoons 拍动画片
22. have many problems such as losing his house or girlfriend 有很多麻烦比如失去他的房子或女朋友
23.have problems doing sth.做某事有困难
24. one of the main reasons 主要原因之一
25.face danger 面对危险
26. get/be ready to do sth.准备做某事
27. try one's best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事
28.not as/so...as 不像······那样···.·
29. a symbol of Chinese culture 中国文化的一个象征
30.dress up 乔装打扮
31.take one's place 代替某人的位置
32. do a good job 干得好
33. show her love for her family, friends and country 表达了她对家人、朋友和国家的爱
34.see something enjoyable 看一些令人愉快的东西
二.词性转换
1. stand(v.)→stood(过去式)
2.education(n,)→educational(adj.)有教育 意义的
3.plan(v.&.n.)→planned(过去式)→planning(现在分词)
4.discuss(v.)→discussion(n.)讨论
5.comedy(n.)*comedies(pl.)
6.mean(v.)→meaning(n.)意思→meaningful (adj.)有意义的→meaningless(adj.)无意义的
7. appear(v.)-→disappear(v.)消失
8.become(c.)→becoming(现在分词)-became(过去式)
9.success(n.)→successful(adj,)成功的→successfully(adv.)成功地
10. luck(n.)→lucky(adj.)幸运的→unlucky(adj.)不幸的
11.luckily(adu,)-→unluckily(ade.)不幸地
12. simple(adj.)→simpler(形容词比较级)→simplest(形容词最高级)→simply(adv.)简单地
三.重点句型
1. -What do you think of talk shows? =How do you like talk shows?你认为谈话节目怎么样?
-They're OK. I don't mind them.还可以。我不介意(看)它们
2. Because I hope to find out what's going on around the world. 因为我希望弄清现在世界上正在发生什么。
3.I can't stand them/it.我无法忍受它们/它。
4.I hope to be a TV reporter one day. 我希望在将来的某一天能成为一名电视台记者。
5.-What do you plan to watch tonight? 今晚你打算看什么?
-I plan to watch Days of Our Past. 我打算看《我们过去的日子》。
6. What can you expect to learn from sitcoms?你期望从情景喜剧中学到什么?
7. The movie is about a village girl, Mulan.这部影片是关于一个乡村女孩木兰的。
8.If you plan to watch a movie this weekend and you want to see something enjoyable, choose Mulan!如果你计划于本周末去看电影,并且想要看些令人愉悦的影片,请选择《木兰》吧!
9.I like to watch comedies because they are fantastic.我喜欢看喜剧,因为它们太棒了。
重点突破
1.happen的用法
happen为不及物动词,意为“碰巧;发生”。常用搭配:sb,happen to do sth.意为“某人碰巧做某事”;sth. happen to sb.意为“某人发生了什么事”。如:
①Something serious happened at that time.就在那时发生了件非常严重的事情。
②We happened to meet on the street.我们碰巧在大街上相遇。
③What happened to you on April Fool's Day?愚人节那天你发生了什么事?
2.plan的用法
(1)plan意为“计划;打算;安排”,为可数名词。make a plan to do sth.意为“拟定计划去做某事”。如:
We made plans for the summer vacation.我们拟定了暑假的计划。
(2)plan还可作动词,具体用法如下:
1)plan+名词,意为“打算·....”。如:
They are planning a trip to Shanghai.他们打算去上海旅行。
2)plan to do sth.意为“打算做某事”。如:
We are planning to go on a picnic this Sunday.我们打算这星期天去野餐。
3.expect的用法
expect意为“预料;期待”,其后可接名词、代词、不定式或从句。如:
①She expected to get home the next day.她预计第二天到家。
②I expected you to have a talk with them.我期待你能和他们谈一谈。
4.famous的用法
famous为形容词,意为“著名的;出名的”,相当于well-known。常用短语:be famous for意为“以······而出名”;be famous as意为“作为······而出名”。如:
①Did Tina meet a famous actor?蒂娜碰见了一位著名的演员吗?
②New York is famous for its skyscrapers.纽约以其诸多的摩天大楼而闻名。
③He is famous as a writer.他作为一名作家而出名。
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