新高考英语二轮复习题型专练27 应用文的衔接转换策略(含解析)

高考英语二轮复习题型专练（新高考）27

应用文的衔接转换策略

　　在应用文写作的过程中，完成了审题的过程,  有了具体要点和整体布局后,  我们就要整合信息点,  让庞杂的内容变得富有逻辑性和层次感。在句与句内在衔接的基础上,  做到段落间的起承转合,  使文章有整体性、连贯性。学会正确使用连接词、衔接句,  能为写作助一臂之力。

I.思维路径1：连接词助力语言连贯

在句与句之间、段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接性词语是语言连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。连接性词语归纳如下:

1. 起始关系:to begin with, first of all, as we all know, as is known, as is shown in. . . , according to 等。

As we all know, good learning habits contribute to efficient study.

2. 时间顺序:at the beginning, then, later, finally, at last, in the end, afterwards, since then, after that, immediately, meanwhile等。

At the beginning, I collected all the things scattered in the rooms and put them in place. Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture. After that, I mopped the floor.

3. 条件关系:if,  unless,  in case(of), as/so long as,  on condition that,  provided(that)等。

I would be very grateful if you could meet my uncle at the airport.

4. 转折关系:but, yet, however, while, otherwise, on the contrary, nevertheless等。

However, not until the match was over did we realize that we lost it.

5. 因果关系:because, as, since, for, thanks to, due to, as a result of, so, therefore, as a result/consequence等。

Therefore, there is no reason for us to look down upon ordinary jobs.

6. 并列关系:and, or, as well as, not only. . . but also. . . , either. . . or. . . , not. . . but. . . , neither. . . nor. . . 等。

We will have a good time there and I will send you some photos taken there.

7. 递进关系:besides, what’s more, moreover, furthermore, what’s worse, still less, to make matters worse, worse still, more importantly等。

Many of them can hardly look after themselves, still less manage their own lives.

8. 列举事实:such as, for example/instance, take. . . for example, that is to say, as follows, in other words, on the one hand. . . on the other hand. . . , for one thing. . . for another. . . 等。

On the one hand, I can earn some money by doing it to help my parents;on the other hand, I can gain some experience from it, which will do good to my future life.

9. 表示观点:in my opinion, in my view, from my point of view, as far as I am concerned, as for me, personally等。

As far as I am concerned, they stand for love, friendship and unity.

10. 总结:in short, in brief, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, all in all, on the whole, in general, generally speaking等。

All in all, traveling is the best choice for us to enrich our lives and get ready for the new challenges.

II.思维路径2：衔接句助力语篇流畅

1. 引出开头

It is well known to us that. . . 

我们都知道……

As far as my knowledge is concerned. . . 

据我所知……

Recently the problem of. . .  has been brought into focus. 

=Nowadays there is growing concern over the problem of. . . 

最近……问题引起了关注

2. 表达不同观点

People’s views on. . .  vary from person to person.  Some hold that. . .  However,  others believe that. . . 

People may have different opinions on. . . 

人们对……可能会持有不同见解

3. 表示结尾

In short,  it can be said that. . .

总之,  ……意思是……

From what has been mentioned above,  we can come to the conclusion that. . .

从上面提到的,  我们可以得出结论……

4. 提出建议

It is high time that we put an end to the trend. 

该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。

Only in this way can we. . .

只有这样,  我们才能……。

5. 预示后果

Obviously,  if we don’t control the problem,  the chances are that. . .  will lead us in danger. 

6. 表示观点

As far as I am concerned/In my opinion. . .

就我来说……

7. 给出原因或顺序

For one thing,  . . .  for another thing,  . . .  =On the one hand,  . . . on the other hand. . .

一方面……另一方面……

【思维演示】

请根据上下文填写适当的连接词, 并体会其用法。

Dear Jack,

Thank you for your letter asking about our discussion on low carbon lifestyle. （1） Here is something about it.

 We should do something to protect our environment. （2） At first, we should save water and electricity.  We shouldn’t waste our water. （3） So we should use the same water again and again.  If we leave our room,  we should turn off lights and computer timely. （4） Second,  we shouldn’t throw the trash everywhere.  And we should separate the garbage processing. （5） Next,  we should use tissue less, and use it again and again.  （6）Finally,  if we go out, we can go on foot instead of taking cars and we （7）also can go out by bike and bus.  

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Hua

答案：

 （1） Here （2） At first（3） So （4） Second（5） Next （7）also

【真题再现】【2020·全国卷II】

上周末，你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括:

1. 农场情况；

2. 采摘过程；

3. 个人感受

注意:

1. 词数100左右；

2. 题目已为你写好。

题目:My Weekend

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】                                                                                      

My Weekend

Last weekend，we took part in a picking activity. We drove from the school, and the farm was about 2 kilometers away from our school. When we arrived at the farm, there are all kinds of animals, green fresh vegetables and fruit trees in the farm. We were divided into two groups. One group was responsible for picking fruits, the other packed up the fruits. Time flying quickly, the activity was over. But it was a meaningful day, when we learn a lot form it. Through this activity, we know how hard the farmers are and how precious the food is. We should treasure the food planted by the farmers.

【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生为英语角写一篇关于和同学一起参加采摘活动的短文。

【详解】

第一步：审题

体裁：应用文。

时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。

结构：总分法。

要求：

1.农场情况；

2.采摘过程；

3.个人感受

第二步：列提纲（重点短语）

took part in；was responsible for ；a meaningful day；should treasure

第三步：连词成句

1. Last weekend, we took part in a picking activity.

2. One group was responsible for picking fruits the other packed up the fruits.

3. But it was a meaningful day, when we learn a lot form it

4. We should treasure the food planted by the farmers.

根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第四步：连句成篇

1.表示文章结构顺序：介绍农场；描述采摘过程；个人感受

2.表示并列补充关系：and ;But; Through

第五步：润色修改

【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高端句式，如定语从句：But it was a meaningful day, when we learn a lot form it.；非谓语动词：We should treasure the food planted by the farmers；时间状语从句：When we arrived at the farm, there are all kinds of animals, green fresh vegetables and fruit trees in the farm. We were divided into two groups…等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。

【题型演练】

1

   假定你是李华。你校学生会拟举办新春英语晚会，招募主持人。请你给学生会主席李明用英语写一封信推荐自己，内容包括：

1.表明写作目的；

2.描述自身优势(至少两点)；

3.希望获准。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右;

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

Dear Li Ming,

Learning that our school’s Spring Festival Party is approaching and hosts are needed, I’m writing to recommend myself for this precious opportunity.

First of all, I have a good command of English and can speak English fluently and accurately, which makes it easy for me to communicate with others. Besides, once being a host in the New Year Party, I have the experience of how to be a good host, such as how to feel ease on the stage and how to interact with audience.

I do hope I’m the right person that you are looking for. And I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into account.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给学生会主席李明用英语写一封信，推荐自己做新春英语晚会的主持人。

第一步：审题

体裁：应用文

时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。

结构：总分法

总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。

要求：

1.表明写作目的；

2.描述自身优势(至少两点)；

3.希望获准。

第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）

Spring Festival Party; host; recommend; precious opportunity; have a good command of; fluently and accurately; communicate with; such as; take … into account

第三步：连词成句

1. Learning that our school’s Spring Festival Party is approaching and hosts are needed, I’m writing to recommend myself for this precious opportunity.

2. First of all, I have a good command of English and can speak English fluently and accurately, which makes it easy for me to communicate with others.

3. Besides, once being a host in the New Year Party, I have the experience of how to be a good host, such as how to feel ease on the stage and how to interact with audience.

4. I do hope I’m the right person that you are looking for.

5. And I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into account.

根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）

1.表文章结构顺序：First of all

2.表并列补充关系：Besides

连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。

【范文点评】

[高分句型1] Learning that our school’s Spring Festival Party is approaching and hosts are needed, I’m writing to recommend myself for this precious opportunity. (运用了that引导宾语从句和现在分词作状语)

[高分句型2] First of all, I have a good command of English and can speak English fluently and accurately, which makes it easy for me to communicate with others. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)

2

假定你是李华，为了帮助贫困地区的学生，上周日你校举办了募集旧衣物的活动。请你就此用英语写一篇短文，内容包括：

1. 活动的目的；

2. 活动的过程；

3. 你的感悟。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

An Activity of Collecting Used Clothes

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

An Activity of Collecting Used Clothes

Last weekend, our school held an activity of collecting students' used clothes with the purpose of helping the students in poor areas.

In order to organize it successfully, we made full preparations. First, we collected various used clothes which were still in good condition and sorted out the thick ones. Second, with enough clothes, the monitor in each class called the express company to send our parcels.

All the clothes we collected will play a role in helping the poor families against the cold weather. It's such a meaningful activity that students are all looking forward to the next chance of charity.

【解析】

本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就为了帮助贫困地区的学生举办的募集旧衣物的活动写一篇短文，谈谈此活动的目的、过程和自己的感悟。

第一步：审题

体裁：应用文

时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时,少量一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时。

结构：总分法

总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。

要求：

1. 活动的目的；

2. 活动的过程；

3. 你的感悟。

第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）

with the purpose of doing sth.; make full preparations; in good condition; sort out; play a role in doing sth.; look forward to sth.

第三步：连词成句

1. Last weekend, our school held an activity of collecting students' used clothes with the purpose of helping the students in poor areas.

2. In order to organize it successfully, we made full preparations.

3. First, we collected various used clothes which were still in good condition and sorted out the thick ones.

4. All the clothes we collected will play a role in helping the poor families against the cold weather.

5. It's such a meaningful activity that students are all looking forward to the next chance of charity.

根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）

1.表文章结构顺序：First, Second

2.表因果关系：such…that…

连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。

【范文点评】

[高分句型1] First, we collected various used clothes which were still in good condition and sorted out the thick ones.用了which引导的定语从句。

[高分句型2] It's such a meaningful activity that students are all looking forward to the next chance of charity. 用了such…that…（如此……以至于……）引导的结果状语从句。

3

假定你是新华中学的学生李华，本周六你班同学打算举行一次登山活动。请用英文给外教 David写一封信，邀请他参加此次活动。具体内容如下：、

1.集合时间与地点：8：00,校门口 ；

2.携带物品：食物、水、相机等；

3.返回时间：下午两点；

4.登山的益处。

注意:词数100左右。

Dear David,

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

【参考范文】

Dear David,

The students in our class are going to have a climbing this Saturday. We sincerely invite you to join us. We will gather together at the school gate at 8 p. m. Please bring along what you need, for example, food, water and camera. It is expected that we will come back at 2 p. m.

Of course there are lots of benefits from climbing. First of all, everyone can keep in shape as long as he often practices. What's more, you can certainly relax yourself when you are sweating during the climbing. The pain in body can relieve your tense nerves.

Look forward to your reply.

Yours

Li Hua

【解析】

本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教 David写一封信，邀请他参加班级的登山活动。

第一步：审题

体裁：应用文

时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。

要求：

1.集合时间与地点：8：00,校门口 ；

2.携带物品：食物、水、相机等；

3.返回时间：下午两点；

4.登山的益处。

第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）

bring along; expect; benefit; as long as; sweat; relieve

第三步：连词成句

1. Please bring along what you need,

2. It is expected that we will come back at 2 p. m.

3. Of course there are lots of benefits from climbing.

4. everyone can keep in shape as long as he often practices.

5. you can certainly relax yourself when you are sweating during the climbing.

6. The pain in body can relieve your tense nerves.

根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）

1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, 

2.表并列补充关系：What is more,  

连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，

【范文点评】

[高分句型1] It is expected that we will come back at 2 p. m. (that引导的主语从句)

[高分句型2]you can certainly relax yourself when you are sweating during the climbing. (when引导的时间状语从句)

4

假设你是李华，你看到敦煌莫高窟（Mogao Caves）的石像（stone statue）由于游客不文明行为而受 损的新闻报道后，想为全班做一个关于保护文物古迹的课前演讲，要点如下：

1.你看到这则新闻的感受

2.文物古迹保护的重要性及建议

3.号召保护文物古迹

注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。3.开头和结束语已写好，不计 入总词数。

Good morning, everyone!

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Thank you for your time!

【参考范文】

Good morning, everyone!

I would like to take this opportunity to talk about the protection of cultural relics. I was in deep sorrow when I saw the news, which said that the stone statues of Mogao Caves were damaged because of uncivil behaviors.

I feel it a duty for us students to take action to prevent this kind of situation from happening again, because these cultural relics are an important part of China’s cultural heritage. As a result, it’s strongly suggested that when traveling, we behave ourselves by not touching, climbing or leaving marks on them. In other words, we should follow the rules and be civilized tourists.

My dear fellow students: I’m appealing to you to make joint efforts to protect our national treasures which can be passed down from generation to generation.

Thank you for your time!

【解析】这是一篇应用文。要求考生写一篇关于保护文物古迹的课前演讲。

 第一步：审题

体裁：应用文

时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时和一般现在时。

结构：总分总

总分总指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，最后总结，并以这种方式安排所写内容。

要求：

1.你看到这则新闻的感受

2.文物古迹保护的重要性及建议

3.号召保护文物古迹

第二步：列提纲（重点词组）

would like to do；be in deep sorrow；take action to do sth.；prevent from；as a result；in other words；make joint efforts to do sth.。

第三步：连词成句。根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

1. I would like to take this opportunity to talk about the protection of cultural relics.

2. I feel it a duty for us students to take action to prevent this kind of situation from happening again, because these cultural relics are an important part of China’s cultural heritage.

3. As a result, it’s strongly suggested that when traveling, we behave ourselves by not touching, climbing or leaving marks on them.

4. My dear fellow students: I’m appealing to you to make joint efforts to protect our national treasures which can be passed down from generation to generation.

第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）

1.表文章结构顺序（供参考）：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last

2.表并列补充关系（供参考）：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,

3.表转折对比关系（供参考）：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…

4.表因果关系：Because, As a result

连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。

【范文点评】

[高分句型1] As a result, it’s strongly suggested that when traveling, we behave ourselves by not touching, climbing or leaving marks on them.本句使用了状语从句的省略。

[高分句型2] My dear fellow students: I’m appealing to you to make joint efforts to protect our national treasures which can be passed down from generation to generation.本句使用了定语从句。

[高分句型3] I was in deep sorrow when I saw the news, which said that the stone statues of Mogao Caves were damaged because of uncivil behaviors.本句使用了时间状语从句和非限制性定语从句。

5

 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jacky学习汉语发音时碰到困难，写信请你推荐相关学习资源，帮忙解决问题。请你用英语给他回信，内容包括:

1. 资源名称；   2. 推荐理由。

注意:

1. 词数80词左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Jacky,

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

【参考范文】

Dear Jacky,

I'm writing in response to your request for information about Chinese pronunciation. I'm pleased to provide you with answers to solve your problem.

Hello Talk is a suitable app for you. It has a collection of audio materials covering various levels. Besides, it offers a voice recorder tool, with which you may record your pronunciation and compare it with that of a native speaker. With the app, you will definitely make great progress.

I sincerely hope my advice will be of help. Feel free to ask me if you have any other questions.

Yours,

Li Hua

【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Jacky写封回信，推荐相关学习资源，帮忙解决他学习汉语发音时碰到的困难。

第一步：审题

体裁：应用文

时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时,少量一般将来时。

结构：总分法

总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。

要求：

1. 资源名称；

2. 推荐理由。

3. 询问对方的意向。

第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）

in response to; be pleased to do; provide sb. with sth.; a collection of; compare with; make great progress; be of help

第三步：连词成句

1. I'm writing in response to your request for information about Chinese pronunciation.

2. I'm pleased to provide you with answers to solve your problem.

3. It has a collection of audio materials covering various levels.

4. Besides，it offers a voice recorder tool, with which you may record your pronunciation and compare it with that of a native speaker.

5. With the app, you will definitely make great progress.

6. I sincerely hope my advice will be of help.

根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）

1.表并列补充关系：Besides
 

2.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although +clause(从句), In spite of +n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…（供参考）

3.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result （供参考）

连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。

【范文点评】

[高分句型1] Besides, it offers a voice recorder tool, with which you may record your pronunciation and compare it with that of a native speaker. （这句话运用了“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句）
  [高分句型2] Feel free to ask me if you have any other questions. （这句话运用了if引导的条件状语从句）

6

假定你是李华，在你校交换生朋友Peter的帮助下，你提高了英语成绩。请给他写封感谢信，内容包括：

1.表达谢意；

2.事情经过；

3.你的收获。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.开头和结尾已为你写好。

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

Dear Peter,

I'm writing to express my sincere gratitude to you. Thank you for improving my English. Do you remember my English used to be poor? Although I worked hard at it, I made little progress, which made me upset. Then you offered to help me. You asked me what prevented me from making progress. I told you that I had difficulty in memorizing words and understanding grammar. Then you urged me to memorize ten words every day. You also explained grammar knowledge to me over and over again.

You made me find an effective way to learn English and realize learning comes by steps. Thanks to you, my vocabulary has gradually expanded and I've understood English grammar.

Yours,

Li Hua

【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生朋友Peter写封感谢信，感谢他帮助你提高了英语成绩。

第一步：审题

体裁：应用文

时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时。

结构：总分法

总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。

要求：

1.表达谢意；

2.事情经过；

3.你的收获。

第二步：列提纲（重点词组）

used to ；work hard at；make progress；prevent …from…；have difficulty in；over and over again；

第三步：连词成句

1.I'm writing to express my sincere gratitude to you.

2.Thank you for improving my English.

3.Do you remember my English used to be poor?

4. Although I worked hard at it, I made little progress, which made me upset.

5. Then you offered to help me.

6.You asked me what prevented me from making progress.

7.I told you that I had difficulty in memorizing words and understanding grammar.

8. Then you urged me to memorize ten words every day.

9. You also explained grammar knowledge to me over and over again.

10. You made me find an effective way to learn English and realize learning comes by steps.

11. Thanks to you, my vocabulary has gradually expanded and I've understood English grammar.

根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）

本文使用了表文章结构顺序的衔接词：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last

连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，

【范文点评】

[高分句型1] Although I worked hard at it, I made little progress, which made me upset. (although引导让步状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句)

[高分句型2] I told you that I had difficulty in memorizing words and understanding grammar.（that引导宾语从句）