【期中单元测试卷】（牛津沪教版）2023-2024学年八年级英语上册Unit 1测试基础卷

这是一份【期中单元测试卷】（牛津沪教版）2023-2024学年八年级英语上册Unit 1测试基础卷，共14页。试卷主要包含了根据所给中文释义写出单词，根据首字母填空，用所给单词的正确形式填空，单项选择，阅读单选，语法填空，汉译英等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Unit 1 【单元测试 · 基础卷】

一、根据所给中文释义写出单词、及词性。

1．发明家       
2．科学家       
3．人的       
4．出生       
5．能力       
6．然而       
7．可能，大概       
8．包括       
9．突然       
10．没有人       


根据中文提示写出英文短语。

11．查阅    
12．在乡村  
13．从很小开始
14．年龄增长  
15．学习做某事
16．例如  
17．了解   
18．超过   
19．和……一样大
20．灭绝   
21．在……制造             
22．使某人做某事         
23．拍……的照片           
24．一种……               
25．在干燥的天气里      
26．对……来说很重要       
27．爬上……               
28．看风景               
29．自那以后             
30．由……组成            



二、根据首字母填空。
31．When I was young, I used to keep a n . I wrote many poems in it.
32．P you are right, but I’m not very sure.
33．My hometown is not big. H , it is very beautiful.
34．— How long did dinosaurs live on earth?
— For more than150 m years.
35．Benny doesn’t like living the city. He prefers the peaceful life in the c .

三、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
36．Now I am a famous .(science)
37．Paper is one of the most important . (invent)
38．The band played many songs, some of my favourites.  (include)
39． , a vase fell off the tall building and hurt a little boy. (sudden)
40．The Last Supper is a very famous .  (paint)
41．The star of the show was a young (Italy) singer.
42．He will be known around the world as the telephone (invent).
43．Your job (include) building a new computer system and checks it daily.
44．He was really happy after he (win) the basketball game.
45．After class, he returned all the (notebook) to his schoolbag.
46．I try to do my job to the best of my (able).
47．She is a writer first and a (paint) second.
48．After supper, they (go) for a walk and talked happily along the river.
49．The sky (sudden) got dark and it started to rain.
50．You (find) out who’s who in the new office soon.

四、单项选择。
51．The new book ________ four different units about animals and plants.
A．builds B．includes C．finds D．makes
52．It’s nearly 6 o’clock and my mum will ________ come back soon.
A．suddenly B．almost C．quickly D．probably
53．We were all tired. ________, we still went on with the work.
A．Before B．Although C．However D．So
54．China is very famous ________ its places of interest.
A．for B．as C．to D．in
55．We all like the little girl because she is very ________ and knows a lot.
A．foolish B．intelligent C．busy D．afraid
56．—Can you help me ________ the opening time of the library, Mike?
—Of course.
A．look for B．look up C．look at D．look into
57．________ time went by, we saw less and less of each other.
A．As B．After C．If D．Because
58．We will have to eat here—________ else is full.
A．somewhere B．anywhere C．everywhere D．nowhere
59．Of the three foreign friends, one is from London, ________ two are from New York.
A．other B．the other C．others D．the others
60．— Can you stay here for the party with us?
— Sorry, I ________. I have to go to an important meeting tonight.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t

五、阅读单选。
Here is an article from an encyclopaedia.
Australia is the greatest island in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is to the south of the equator (赤道). So when it is hot summer in our country, it is cold winter in Australia. Australia is big, but the population (人口) there is not large. The population is the same as that of Shanghai, a city in China. Australia has many, many sheep. After a short drive from any town, you will see sheep around you. You can also find some other animals, such as koalas, black swans and kangaroos. A kangaroo has a “bag” below its chest. The mother Kangaroo keeps its baby in the “bag”. It is very interesting, isn’t it? (See Geography)
61．In which part of the encyclopaedia can we find the article?
A．Art. B．History. C．Geograghy. D．Animals.
62．When it’s cold winter in our country, it’s ________ in Australia.
A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter
63．The population of Australia is ________ than China.
A．fewer B．more C．smaller D．larger
64．According to the passage, we know that Australia is rich in ________.
A．sheep B．kangaroos C．koalas D．black swans


六、语法填空。
Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia.
Da Vinci, Leonardo
Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and 65 (science). Da Vinci was born in the countryside. From an early age, he 66 (show) great intelligence and artistic ability. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His 67 (paint) are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had 68 (much) inventions. For example, his notebooks include some 69 (interest) drawings of flying machines.
Dinosaurs
Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings. They lived everywhere on Earth. Some dinosaurs were as 70 (small) as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. Some 71 (can) even fly. Many dinosaurs ate plants. However, some dinosaurs liked 72 (eat) meat. Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years. Then, suddenly, they all died out. Nobody 73 (know) why. However, we can learn about them from 74 (they) fossils.
七、汉译英：整句。
75．达·芬奇是一名意大利画家。（汉译英）

76．随着年龄增长，他学会做很多事。（汉译英）

77．达·芬奇还有许多发明。（汉译英）

78．所有恐龙都突然灭绝了。（汉译英）

79．没人知道为什么。 （汉译英）

80．他从小就展现出对数学的兴趣。（汉译英）

81．达·芬奇（Leonardo da Vinci）以绘画著名。（汉译英）

82．这些图片是这本书的部分。（汉译英）

83．恐龙在地球上生存多久？（汉译英）

84．鸟类有一种音乐能力。（汉译英）


参考答案：

1． inventor 名词 2． scientist 名词 3． human 形容词 4． born 动词 5． ability 名词 6． however 副词 7． perhaps 副词 8． include 动词 9． suddenly 副词 10． nobody 代词

【解析】1．inventor“发明家”，名词，故填inventor；名词。
2．scientist“科学家”，名词，故填scientist；名词。
3．human“人的”，形容词，故填human；形容词。
4．born“出生 ”，动词，故填born；动词。
5．ability“能力”，名词，故填ability；名词。
6．however“然而 ”，副词，故填however；副词。
7．perhaps“可能，大概”，副词，故填perhaps；副词。
8．include“包括”，动词，故填include；动词。
9．suddenly“突然”，副词，故填suddenly；副词。
10．nobody“没有人”，代词，故填nobody；代词。

11．look up 12．in the countryside 13．from an early age 14．grow older 15．learn to do 16．for example 17．know about 18．more than 19．as big as 20．die out

【解析】11．look up“查阅，查找，抬头看”，up是副词，后面跟代词（it/them等）时，代词要放在look和up中间。故填look up。
12．in the countryside“在乡村，在农村，在乡下”，故填in the countryside。
13．from an early age“从很小开始，从很小的时候”。故填from an early age。
14．grow older“年龄的增长，变老”，故填grow older。
15．learn to do“学习做某事”，动词不定式“to do”作宾语，故填learn to do。
16．for example“例如，比方说”，用来举例说明，一般只举同类人或物中的一个为例，作插入语，可置于句首、句中或句末。故填for example。
17．know about“了解，知道……情况”，动词短语，故填know about。
18．more than“超过，多于”。故填more than。
19．as big as“和……一样大”，as…as…同级比较，as和as中间跟形容词或副词原级，意为“和……一样……”。故填as big as。
20．die out“灭绝，消失”，动词短语，die的现在分词是dying，过去式和过去分词是died。故填die out。

21．be made in 22．make sb. do sth. 23．take pictures of 24．a type of 25．in dry weather 26．be very important to 27．climb up to 28．look at the view 29．since then 30．be made up of

【解析】21．在……制造 ：be made in，固定短语。故填be made in。
22．使某人做某事：make sb. do sth.，动词短语。故填make sb. do sth.。
23．拍……的照片：take pictures of，动词短语。故填take pictures of。
24．一种……：a type of，固定短语。故填a type of。
25．在干燥的天气里：in dry weather，介词短语。故填in dry weather。
26．对……来说很重要：be very important to，形容词短语。故填be very important to。
27．爬上……：climb up to，动词短语。故填climb up to。
28．看风景：look at the view，动词短语。故填look at the view。
29．自那以后：since then，固定短语。故填since then。
30．由……组成：be made up of，固定短语。故填be made up of。
31．(n)otebook
【详解】句意：当我年轻的时候，我经常记笔记本。我在里面写了很多诗。根据首字母以及“I wrote many poems in it.”可知，此处是说经常写笔记，notebook“笔记”，a后跟名词单数。故填(n)otebook。
32．(P)erhaps
【详解】句意：也许你是对的，但我不敢肯定。由句中“but I’m not very sure”可知，此句是说也许你是对的，perhaps“也许”，副词，故填(P)erhaps。
33．(H)owever
【详解】句意：我的家乡不大。然而，它非常美丽。根据“My hometown is not big...it is very beautiful.”和首字母可知，前后句是转折关系，所以此空应填副词however“然而”。故填(H)owever。
34．(m)illion
【详解】句意：——恐龙在地球上生活了多久？——超过1.5亿年。根据句意可知此处是数量，结合首字母可知用million“百万”，数字后不用复数。故填(m)illion。
35．(c)ountryside
【详解】句意：本尼不喜欢住在城市里。他更喜欢宁静的乡村生活。根据“Benny doesn’t like living the city”和首字母可知，本尼更喜欢在乡下的宁静生活；countryside“乡村”，in the countryside“在乡村”。故填(c)ountryside。
36．scientist
【详解】句意：现在我是一名著名的科学家。根据语境可知，此处应填表示人物的名词，scientist“科学家”符合语境，又因为前面有“a”，所以此处应用名词单数，名词作表语。故填scientist。
37．inventions
【详解】句意：纸是最重要的发明之一。one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，结合“Paper”可知，纸是一项发明，invention“发明”，故填inventions。
38．including
【详解】句意：乐队演奏了许多歌曲，包括一些我最喜欢的。根据“The band played many songs, ... some of my favourites”可知，前后句没有连词，且空格处在逗号后，用介词including“包括，包含”，作伴随状语，起补充说明作用。故填including。
39．Suddenly
【详解】句意：突然，一个花瓶从高楼上掉下来，伤了一个小男孩。根据“...a vase fell off the tall building and hurt a little boy.”可知，此空应用副词suddenly“突然”修饰整个句子，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Suddenly。
40．painting
【详解】句意：《最后的晚餐》是一幅非常著名的画。由句中“a”可知，此处用名词。由主语“The Last Supper”可知，此处说的是画。painting“画”，可数名词，由句中“a”知用单数，故填painting。
41．Italian
【详解】句意：这场演出的明星是一位年轻的意大利歌手。Italy“意大利”，名词；根据“singer”是名词可知，此处要用Italy的形容词Italian来修饰，表示“意大利的”。故填Italian。
42．inventor
【详解】句意：他将作为电话发明家而闻名于世。根据“He will be known around the world as the telephone ...”可知，be known as表示“作为……而出名”，as后接表示身份的名词；结合所给词可知，此处要用invent的名词inventor，表示“发明者，发明家”。故填inventor。
43．includes
【详解】句意：你的工作包括建立一个新的计算机系统并每天检查它。并列连词and连接的是对等的成分，其后“checks”为动词第三人称单数形式，那么此空也应填动词include的三单形式includes。故填includes。
44．won
【详解】句意：他赢得篮球比赛后真的很高兴。根据语境可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词win应变成其过去式won。故填won。
45．notebooks
【详解】句意：下课后，他把所有的笔记本都放回了书包。notebook“笔记本”，可数名词，根据all可知，此空应填复数形式，故填notebooks。
46．ability
【详解】句意：我尽力做好我的工作。空前“my”是形容词性物主代词，因此题空处应该填able的名词ability“能力”。故填ability。
47．painter
【详解】句意：她首先是作家，其次是画家。根据“She is a writer first”可知此处应用一个表示身份的名词，painter“画家”符合语境，被a修饰，应用单数，故填painter。
48．went
【详解】句意：晚饭后，他们沿着河边散步，谈论得很开心。分析句子结构可知，空处用谓语动词，根据“talked”可知，时态用一般过去时。故填went。
49．suddenly
【详解】句意：天空突然变暗，开始下雨。sudden“突然的”，是形容词，此处应用副词修饰动词，故填suddenly。
50．will find
【详解】句意：你很快就会了解办公室里每个人的情况。根据“soon”和语境可知，“find out”是将要发生的动作，应用一般将来时的“will do”结构。故填will find。
51．B
【详解】句意：这本新书包含四个不同的有关动植物的单元。
考查动词辨析。builds建造；includes包含；finds找到；makes制作。根据“the new book”和“four different units”可知，此处指“包含”。故选B。
52．D
【详解】句意：现在快6点了，我妈妈可能很快就会回来。
考查副词辨析。suddenly突然，忽然；almost几乎，差不多；quickly迅速地，很快地；probably可能，大概。根据“It’s nearly 6 o’clock and my mum will … come back soon.”可知空格处表示推测，probably符合题意。故选D。
53．C
【详解】句意：我们都累了。然而，我们仍然继续工作。
考查副词用法。before在……之前；although尽管；however然而；so所以。根据“We were all tired...we still went on with the work”可知前后表示转折，且空后有逗号，应用however，故选C。
54．A
【详解】句意：中国以其名胜古迹而闻名。
考查介词辨析。for为了；as作为；to到；in在……里。be famous for因……而出名，后接出名的原因；be famous as作为……而出名，后接某种职业。根据“its places of interest”可知，名胜古迹是中国出名的原因，所以此空应填for，故选A。
55．B
【详解】句意：我们都喜欢这个小女孩，因为她很聪明，懂得很多。
考查形容词辨析。foolish愚蠢的；intelligent聪明的；busy忙碌的；afraid害怕的。根据“knows a lot”可知，知道很多，说明她很聪明，故选B。
56．B
【详解】句意：——迈克，你能帮我查一下图书馆的开放时间吗？——当然可以。
考查动词短语辨析。look for寻找；look up查阅；look at看；look into调查。根据“Can you help me ... the opening time of the library”可知，此处是查阅图书馆的开放时间。故选B。
57．A
【详解】句意：随着时间的推移，我们彼此的见面越来越少。
考查连词辨析。as随着；after在……之后；if如果；because因为。根据“time went by”可知此处是指随着时间的推移，应用as引导从句。故选A。

58．C
【详解】句意：我们只能在这里吃了——别的地方都满了。
考查名词的辨析。somewhere在某处；anywhere在任何地方；everywhere每个地方；nowhere不存在的地方。根据“We will have to eat here”可知，我们只能在这里吃了，可见，其他地方都满了，此空缺的汉意是“每个地方”。故选C。
59．B
【详解】句意：三个外国朋友中，一个来自伦敦，另外两个来自纽约。
考查代词辨析。other其他的，形容词；the other两者中的另一个；others其余的；the others其他东西，其余的人，the other的复数形式。根据“one is from London,...two are from New York.”可知把这三个人分成了两部分，也就是成了结构“one…the other…”意为“一个……另外的……”，故选B。
60．A
【详解】句意：——你能留下来和我们一起参加聚会吗？——抱歉，我不能。我必须去参加一个重要的会议。
考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Can you stay here for the party with us”及“Sorry”可知，抱歉的原因是不能去参加聚会，故选A。
61．C 62．B 63．C 64．A

【导语】本文主要介绍了澳大利亚的基本情况，具体包括国土面积、气候、人口、动物等。
61．细节理解题。根据短文末尾“(See Geography)”可知，我们可以在百科全书的地理板块找到此篇文章。故选C。
62．细节理解题。根据“So when it is hot summer in our country, it is cold winter in Australia.”可知，澳大利亚的四季与中国是相反的，我们国家是冬季，澳大利亚应该是夏季。故选B。
63．细节理解题。根据“The population is the same as that of Shanghai, a city in China.”可知，澳大利亚的人口与中国城市上海的人口差不多；说明与整个中国对比，澳大利亚的人口比中国少。故选C。
64．细节理解题。根据“Australia has many, many sheep.”可知，澳大利亚有很多羊。故选A。

65．scientist 66．showed 67．paintings 68．many 69．interesting 70．small 71．could 72．to eat 73．knows 74．their

【导语】本文主要介绍了一本百科全书的两篇文章。
65．句意：多·达·芬奇是意大利画家、发明家、音乐家、工程师和科学家。根据“painter, inventor, musician, engineer and…”可知，画家、发明家、音乐家、工程师这些都是职业，“科学家”是scientist，是名词。故填scientist。
66．句意：从很小的时候，他就表现出了巨大的智慧和艺术才能。根据“From an early age”可知，本句的时态是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。show的过去式是showed。故填showed。
67．句意：他的画非常有名，其中一幅《蒙娜丽莎》可能是世界上最著名的画。根据“the Mona Lisa”可知，《蒙娜丽莎》是作品。本句表达的应是：他的画非常有名。“画、作品”可译为painting，是可数名词，此处需用名词的复数paintings。故填paintings。
68．句意：他也有许多发明。根据“inventions”可知，它是可数名词复数，需用many来修饰。故填many。
69．句意：例如，他的笔记本上有一些有趣的飞行器图。根据“his notebooks include some…(interest) drawings of flying machines”可知，此处缺形容词，并且它是修饰物“drawings”，需用形容词“令人感兴趣的”interesting。故填interesting。
70．句意：有些恐龙像鸡一样小。本题考查短语：as+形容词原级+as。“small”小的，是形容词。故填small。
71．句意：有些甚至会飞。根据“Some…(can) even fly. ”可知，本句的时态是一般过去时，“can”能，它的过去式是could。故填could。
72．句意：然而，有些恐龙喜欢吃肉。根据“some dinosaurs liked…(eat) meat.”可知，本题考查短语“喜欢做某事”like to do sth，表示偶尔喜欢做某事。故填to eat。
73．句意：没人知道原因。根据“Nobody…(know) why.”可知，本句的动词表示状态，时态需用一般现在时。主语是Nobody，不定代词作主语，谓语动词需用单数。故填knows。
74．句意：然而，我们可以从它们的化石中了解它们。根据“However, we can learn about them from…(they) fossils.”可知，此空缺的是形容词性的物主代词，修饰其后的名词fossils。故填their。
75．Da Vinci was an Italian painter.
【详解】根据汉语可知此句应译为陈述句，并且表示去世的人应用一般过去时。“达·芬奇”译为“Da Vinci”，作主语；“是”用系动词“was”；“意大利的”译为“Italian”；“画家”译为“painter”；“Italian”是元音音素开头的单词，因此前面用不定冠词“an”，表示“一名”；“an Italian painter”位于be动词后作表语。故填Da Vinci was an Italian painter.
76．As he grew older, he learnt to do many things.
【详解】由句意知此句为陈述句，时态用一般过去时；随着as，引导时间状语从句；他he，在从句中和主句中作主语；年龄增长grow older，在从句中作谓语，时态为一般过去时；学会learn，在主句中作谓语，时态为一般过去时，learn to do sth.“学会做某事”；很多事many things。故填As he grew older, he learnt to do many things.
77．Da Vinci also had many inventions.
【详解】达·芬奇：Da Vinci；还：also，位于行为动词之前；有：have；许多发明：many inventions。结合语境可知，此题为一般过去时，谓语动词have应变成其过去式had。故填Da Vinci also had many inventions.
78．All dinosaurs died out suddenly.
【详解】all“所有的”；dinosaur“恐龙”，被all修饰，用复数形式；die out“灭绝”；suddenly“突然”。“灭绝”已发生，应用一般过去时。故填All dinosaurs died out suddenly.
79．No one knows why.
【详解】没人：No one；知道：know；为什么：why。结合语境可知，此题为一般现在时。no one作主语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填No one knows why.
80．He showed interest in math/maths from an early age./He took an interest in math/maths from an early age./He showed interest in math/maths when he was young./He took an interest in math/maths when he was young.

【详解】他：he；展现对……的兴趣：show interest in/take an interest in；从小：from an early age/when he was young；数学：math/maths。结合语境可知，此题为一般过去时，谓语用动词的过去式。故填He showed interest in math/maths from an early age./He took an interest in math/maths from an early age./He showed interest in math/maths when he was young./He took an interest in math/maths when he was young.
81．Leonardo da Vinci is famous for his paintings.
【详解】be famous for“因……而著名”；his paintings“他的画作”，是名词复数。主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填Leonardo da Vinci is famous for his paintings.
82．These photos are part of the book.
【详解】根据汉语可知，句子描述事实是一般现在时。主语These photos“这些图片”是复数，be动词是are；part of“……的部分”；the book“这本书”。故填These photos are part of the book.
83．How long did dinosaurs live on the earth?
【详解】问多久用how long，句首单词首字母要大写；恐龙：dinosaur，此处应用其复数；生存：live，句子为一般过去时，疑问句需借助助动词did，后接动词原形；在地球上：on the earth。故填How long did dinosaurs live on the earth?
84．Birds have a musical ability.
【详解】由句意知此句为陈述句，时态用一般现在时。鸟bird，可数名词，用复数表示类别，作主语；有have，主语birds为复数，have用原形；一种音乐能力a musical ability。故填Birds have a musical ability.