【期中单元考点讲练】（仁爱版）2023-2024学年八年级上册英语Unit 1 Topic 12考点讲练试卷

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Unit 1 Playing SportsTopic 1 I’m going to play basketball. Unit 1Topic1重点词汇against  prep.对着,反对team   n.队,组win   v.获胜,赢得cheer    v.加油,欢呼;喝彩;n.欢呼声,喝彩声practice  v.&n.练习,实践prefer    v.更喜欢,宁愿（选择）row     v.划船;n.一排,一行quite    adv.相当,很,十分join   v.加入,参加;连接skate   v.溜冰,滑冰;（滑）滑板cycle   v.骑自行车 n.循环;周期tennis   n.网球player   n.运动员;比赛者,选手dream   n.梦,梦想;v.做梦grow  v.成长,生长;发育;种植;变成scientist  n.科学家future    n.将来musician  n.乐手,音乐家,乐师pilot      n.飞行员;驾驶员policeman    n.男警察policewoman  n.女警察postman     n.邮递员,邮差fisherman   n.渔民,钓鱼的人jump       v.n.跳跃spend v.花费（金钱、时间等）;度过exercise     v.锻炼 n.锻炼;练习baseball  n.棒球weekend  n.周末part     n.部分,一些,片段health   n.健康;保健popular adj.流行的,大众的,受欢迎的world   n.世界,地球heart   n.心脏,心lung    n.肺;肺脏healthy  adj.健康的,健壮的fit adj.健康的;适合的 v.（使）适合;安装relax   v.（使）放松,轻松famous  adj.著名的teammate  n.队友excited   adj.激动的,兴奋的bad  adj.令人不愉快的;坏的,leave  v.离开;把……留下,剩下;n.假期,休假pity   n.遗憾,可惜;同情,怜悯 重点短语1.table tennis 乒乓球 2. grow up 长大成人,成长3. in the future 今后4. be good at擅长于…的,精通的5. take part in 参加,加入6. be good for 对…有益 7. all over 到处,遍及8. the day after tomorrow 后天9. keep fit保持健康10. leave for 动身去某地重点句型1.—What are you going to do? 你打算去干什么？ —I'm going to play basketball. 我打算去打篮球。2. I often saw you play basketball during the summer holiday.  在暑假期间，我经常看见你打篮球。3.—We are going to have a basketball game against Class Three on Sunday.    星期天我们打算和三班进行一场篮球比赛。 —I hope our team will win. 我希望我们队会赢。4. Would you like to come and cheer us on? 你想来为我们加油吗？5.—Which sport do you prefer, swimming or rowing?   你更喜欢哪项运动，游泳还是划船？ —I prefer rowing. 我更喜欢划船。6.—Do you row much? 你经常划船吗？ —Yes, quite a lot.是的，经常。/No, seldom.不，很少。7.—What are you going to be when you grow up?   长大后你想成为什么？ —I'm going to be a scientist.我打算成为一名科学家。8. She spends half an hour exercising in the gym every day.  每天她花费半个小时在体育馆做锻炼。9. She is also good at jumping.她也擅长跳。10. There is going to be a school sports meet next weekend.   下周末将会有一场学校运动会。11. Because it makes him strong and it's popular all over the world.   因为它使他强壮，而且它在世界上很流行。12. They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow for a game with Japan's national team.后天他们要动身去日本和日本国家队进行比赛。语法1.be going to 结构表示一般将来时。 【考点1】—What are you going to do? 你打算做什么？                —I’m going to play basketball。我打算打篮球去。【详解】be going to 后接动词原形，表示即将发生的动作或情况。be动词随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化。e.g. Bill is going to watch TV. 比尔打算去看电视。它的一般疑问句形式是直接把be动词提到句首。e.g. Are you going to play soccer tomorrow? 你打算明天踢足球吗？【典例】1.I______ going to swim.2.He ______ going to run.3.They ______ going to play tennis.【参考答案】1.am   2. is   3.are 【考点2】I often saw you play basketball during the Summer holidays.                暑假期间，我经常看见你打篮球。【详解】（1）see sb. do sth. 意为“看见某人做某事”，强调看到动作的全过程。            see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。常见的感官动词有：feel. see, watch, hear, notice, smell等。后可接 ① 动词ing形式，表此动作正在发生。       ② 动词原形，不表此动作正在发生, 表此动作已完成或存在的事实。e.g. He saw her cross the road. 他看见她穿过了马路。    I saw her dancing at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候我看见她正在跳舞。（2）during the summer holidays  在暑假期间。此处during表示“在……期间”，相当于in。【典例】1. I often see Tom ________(play) soccer on Sunday afternoon.2. When I passed by, I saw a girl ________(sing) a song in the classroom.3. Maria often goes swimming __________ the summer.【参考答案】1.play   2.singing   3.during 【考点3】— I hope our team will win. 我希望我们队会赢。              — Me , too. 我也是。【详解】  (1)    hope to do sth. /want to do sth. / would like to do sth.                hope + that从句【拓展】①wish也有“希望”的意思，后接动词不定式或“宾语+不定式”，其意义相当于“想要”，“希望”（=would like to do sth.或want to do sth.）        ②wish接that 从句时一般表示某种强烈而又难以实现的“愿望”，而hope表示的是可以实现或能达到的“希望”。        ③wish表示良好的“祝愿”，后面接“宾语+宾补（形容词或名词）”。而hope不能这样用。          (2) win  赢得，胜利。可作及物动词或不及物动词。过去式为won, winner胜利者.【典例】1. I _________(hope/wish) to be happy every day.2. I _________ (hope/wish) you happy every day.【参考答案】1.hope/wish    2.wish 【考点4】You know, we are going to have a basketball game against Class Three on Sunday. 你知道星期天我们将和三班进行一场篮球比赛。【详解】（1）against 意为“对着；反对；靠着”。反义词是for。【拓展】against作为介词，还有“紧靠，倚”的意思。     e.g. Put the table there, against the wall. 把桌子放在那，紧靠着墙。 【考点5】— Would you like to come and cheer us on? 你想来为我们加油吗？【详解】（1）Would you like + to do? 表建议或邀请。常用I’d love to 或I’d be glad to来回答，不同意常用 “I’d love to, but… ” 来拒绝别人。如：      --- Would you like to play basketball with me ?       --- I’d love to, but I have a lot of homework to do.  (2) cheer sb on (以欢呼)激励某人，为某人加油，向某人欢呼     后接  名词，放在cheer on的中间和后面都可以；           人称代词，则必须放在中间。如：Our friends will cheer us on.【典例】 1. They would like to c______ us on. We are very happy.【参考答案】1.cheer 【考点6】Which sport do you prefer, swimming or rowing? 你更喜欢哪种运动，游泳还是划船？【详解】prefer 意为“更喜欢”，其后可接名词、动名词或动词不定式。如： (1) --- Which do you prefer, bananas or oranges?  香蕉和橘子，你更喜欢哪一个？    --- I prefer oranges. 我喜欢橘子。 (2) Many people prefer to live in the countryside. 很多人更愿意住在乡下。    prefer ... to... 意为“和……相比更喜欢……”。prefer A to B / prefer doing A to doing B. (3) I prefer skating to swimming. 和游泳相比我更喜欢滑冰。。【典例】  1. Li Lei ______bananas _______ apples when he was a child.A. prefers; toB. prefer; toC. preferred; betterD. preferred; to【参考答案】1.A 【考点7】She goes cycling twice a week and often goes mountain climbing on Sundays.她一周骑两次车，而且经常星期天去爬山。【详解】twice a week意为“一周两次”, once a week意为“一周一次”，三次或三次以上用“数字+times” 如：three times【拓展】①time除了解释为次数外，还可以解释为倍数，句型是：“A+be+数字+times+as+形容词原级+as+B”。如：The box is four times as big as that one. 这个盒子是那个的四倍大。      ②对once a week提问，要用how often【典例】1.Xiaogang plays basketball ________ (two) a week.【参考答案】1.twice 【考点7】She spends half an hour exercising in the gym every day.她每天在体育馆花费半小时锻炼身体。【详解】(1) spend some time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事           spend还可用于“spend some time/money on sth.”在某事上花费时间/金钱。如：           I spend an hour in practicing English every day.        扩展：take, cost和pay也可指花费，但用法不同。① take的主语一般是一件事，只用于固定句型It takes sb. some time to do sth. 表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”。如：It takes me an hour to do my homework every day.② cost的主语必须是“物”或“事”。用于sth. cost(s) sb. some money 结构中。如：     The book cost me 30 yuan last week.③ pay的主语是人，pay... for。如; He paid 5 yuan for this pen.  (2) exercise   “体操、练习”，可数名词。    如：do morning exercises; do English exercises               “锻炼，运动”，不可数名词。 如：do exercise                “锻炼，运动”，动词。       如：She exercises every morning.【典例】1.I ________ (花费)ten yuan on this book yesterday.2.It________(花费) me ten yuan to buy this book yesterday.【参考答案】1.spent   2.took 【考点8】She is also good at jumping. 她还擅长跳。【详解】（1）be good at…= do well in…擅长于… 如：I am good at English.= I do well in English.            be good for… 对…有好处，Running is good for your health.反义词为：be bad at= do badly in 不擅长…. be bad for 对… 有害【典例】1.Running is good _______ our health.2. I am good _______ running. 【参考答案】1.for   2. at 【考点9】Because it makes me strong and it is popular all over the world. 因为它(足球)使他强壮，而且它在全世界都很受欢迎。【详解】(1)  make/keep sb./sth. + adj   使某人/某物怎么样             make sb./sth. + do sth.    使某人/某物做某事   如：             He made the girl cry.             I made him very happy.  (2) be popular (with sb.) 受喜爱的，受欢迎的。如：Jay Zhou is very popular with young people.  (3) all over the world 全世界。all over 到处，处处 【考点10】He arrived in Beijing with his team yesterday.他和他的队友昨天到达了北京。【详解】表到达的有：① arrive at + (小地名)；arrive in +（大地名）                    ② get to + 宾语                     ③ reach + 宾语。【典例】1.He often arrives _______ school early.2.When will you get _______ China?【参考答案】1.at   2.to 【考点11】But it’s too bad that the team isn’t going to stay for long.但是很遗憾这些队员不能待很久。【详解】(1) 主语是that从句部分，前用it 来代替它。因此这是一个含主语从句的复合句，其中that the team isn’t going to stay for long 是主语从句。    It’s too bad that…= It’s a pity that…= It’s a shame that..很遗憾….. 扩展：It’s adj for sb. to do sth.   对某人来说做某事是……  (2) for 与表示“一段时间”的词或短语连用。e.g. stay for two weeks 逗留两周。 【考点12】They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.他们将会在后天动身去日本和日本国家队进行一场比赛。【详解】（1）    leave + 地点             “离开某地”                 leave for + 地点          “动身前往某地”                leave + 地点 + for +地点  “离开某地去某地”（2）这是一个用现在进行时表示将来的句子。在英语中一些表示位置转移的动词，如：go, come, leave, arrive, fly等都可以用现在进行时表示将来。【典例】1.We____________(fly) to Shanghai tomorrow.【参考答案】1. are flying   【考点1】be going to结构表示一般将来时（1）be going to 的含义及结构含义：表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，也可以表示推测将要或肯定会发生的动作，有“准备;打算”的意思。结构：be going to 后面需要接动词原形。注：句子中时常有表示将来的时间状语。 例如:The board of directors are going to hold a meeting this Friday.周五董事会准备召开会议。(安排)It is thundering outside. It's going to rain.看那些乌云，快要下雨了。(推测)：（2）be going to 中be动词的变化     be going to 结构中的助动词be很少用原形。立足于现在的时间表示 将来的打算，be动词有三种形式：am，is，are。    主语是I，be动词用am    主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is    主语是复数时，be动词用are。  例句:    I am going to go swimming this weekend.周末我准备去游泳。    He is going to visit the national museum this afternoon.他打算今天下午去国立博物馆。    We are going to hold a party for Jim this Friday. 本周五我们准备为Jim办个聚会。（3）含有be going to 的句子的否定句，疑问句及其回答①否定句：在be动词后加not   e.g. I am not going to go swimming this weekend.周末我不打算去游泳。②一般疑问句：把be (am, is, are) 放到句首，在句末加问号就构成了一般疑问句。注意： I am... 在改为一般疑问句时常常改为“Are you ....?”  e.g. Are you going to go swimming this weekend?.周末你打算去游泳吗？③一般疑问句的答句：肯定回答:Yes, 主语+ am/is/are. 否定回答：No, 主语+ isn't/aren't. / No, I'm not.e.g.  —Are you going to go swimming this weekend?.周末你打算去游泳吗？     —Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.④特殊疑问句：—What are you going to do this morning?今天早晨你打算干什么？—I am going to do my homework.我打算写作业。注：特殊疑问词+be going to组成了含有be going to的特殊疑问句。（4）使用be going to 的注意事项：① There be 句型中be going to的使用。结构为:There is / are going to be...   注意：句型中be动词不能改为havee.g. There is going to be a sports meeting next Saturday in our school.下周六我们学校将有一场运动会。②come, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移动的动词需要常用现在进行时表将来，不与be going to 连用。e.g.  The train is coming.火车要来了。【典例】Be going to 练习。1. Jim and Li Lei ____________________(watch)the football match this evening.2. _________she _________________(have) a Chinese lesson tomorrow?3. —What _________ you_____________(do) tomorrow morning?  —I _______________________(see) my grandparents.4. ____________they___________(go) fishing this Friday afternoon?5. There __________________(be) a birthday party this evening.6. It __________(be ) 2024 next year. 7. —What ________you _________ (be ) when you grow up?  —I’m going to be an actor.8. —-Are you going to have a welcome party?   —Yes, we _________(be)9. I ____________(leave) in a minute.【参考答案】1. are going to watch2.Is ; going to have3.are ; going to do; am going to see4. Are; going5.is going to be6. is going to be7.are; going to8.are9. am leaving