【期中模拟】（人教版2019）2023-2024学年高一上册 必修1 Unit4NaturalDisasters【单元测试·提升卷】

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Unit 4 【单元测试 · 提升卷】
(满分：150分　时间：120分钟)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分 7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman going to do?
A．Practice skating. B．Do some shopping. C．Sign up for the club.
2．What are the two speakers probably doing?
A．Having a walk. B．Visiting a friend. C．Choosing a present.
3．How did the woman know about the fire?
A．She read it in the paper. B．She saw it on TV. C．She witnessed it.
4．Which course does the man want to take next year?
A．The art course. B．The English course. C．The computer course.
5．Where will the two speakers meet?
A．At the station. B．At the cinema. C．At the church.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．When will the meeting be held?
A．On the 2nd. B．On the 5th. C．On the 7th.
7．What kind of room does the man usually use?
A．A small one. B．A mid－sized one. C．A large one.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．In which place will the tour start?
A．Big Ben. B．Trafalgar Square. C．Piccadilly Circus.
9．How much should the man pay?
A．$30. B．$39. C．$45.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What does the man probably do?
A．A musician. B．A journalist. C．A dentist.
11．What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A．Mother and son. B．Doctor and patient. C．Sister and brother.
12．How does the man feel about the woman’s suggestion?
A．He is disappointed. B．He is interested. C．He is confused.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Why will the man be away?
A．For business. B．For holiday. C．For his wedding party.
14．What will the man do on Monday?
A．Meet the company boss. B．Visit a factory. C．Climb mountains.
15．What clothes does the man prepare for Wednesday?
A．A sweater. B．A suit. C．A coat.
16．When does the man plan to wear the blue shorts?
A．On Tuesday. B．On Thursday. C．On Friday.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．When will the new school district be open fully?
A．Next year. B．Next month. C．Next week.
18．Who won’t move at all?
A．The Agriculture students. B．The Law students. C．The Arts students.
19．What is the plan for the History Department?
A．The staff will stay in the old building.
B．The students will move downtown.
C．The teachers will be left.
20．What do we know about the Engineering Department?
A．A lab has been done.
B．Teachers’ offices are being painted.
C．Classroom space will be finished next week.
听力原文
Text 1
M：Good afternoon, Madam. Is somebody taking care of you?
W：No. I’d like a pair of ice skates for exercising at your club.
Text 2
M：Thank you for coming with me. I have no idea what gift to buy.
W：Well，take your time.Look around and maybe you’ll find one.
Text 3
W：Have you heard there’s been a big fire in the old paper factory?
M：Are you sure? There is nothing in the newspaper about it.
W：I was there last night.Go and watch TV.There might be something about it.
Text 4
W：Hi, Peter.How are things going with your computer course?
M：Not so bad.The classes are hard but I think I have learned a lot.I can do a lot with a computer.
W：The art course I take isn’t like that at all.The classes are boring, and I don’t learn anything.
M：That’s so bad. I want to take the English course next year.
Text 5
M：The film is very good. Shall we meet at 8 pm at the entrance of the cinema?
W：All right.But how can I get there?
M：When you get out of the station，turn left and then keep walking until you come to a church.The cinema is just opposite.
W：Yes, I know. See you then.
Text 6
W：Springfield Community Center. This is Mary，can I help you?
M：Hi, Mary，this is Peter.
W：I guess you’re calling about the monthly arts club meeting on the 2nd.
M：That’s right，but not the 2nd，the 7th.Could we get the bigger meeting room this time，instead of the regular small room? We’re having a party this time with snacks and soda.
W：Sure，Peter，we have you all set for Sunday at...
M：Sunday，the 7th，big meeting room. Thanks so much!
Text 7
M：Hello, I’d like some information about the sightseeing tour of London.
W：Certainly，how can I help you?
M：Well，can you tell me the places you visit on the tour?
W：The tour starts in Piccadilly Circus and the main attractions are Buckingham Palaces，Downing Street，London Bridge，Big Ben，the Tower of London and Trafalgar Square.
M：And how long does the tour take?
W：It takes about two hours in total.
M：Do I have to book?
W：No，you don’t have to book，but it’s best to book in advance if you want to be sure of a seat.
M：How much does it cost?
W：It’s $15 per adult and $9 per child.
M：Thanks. I’d like three tickets, two adults and one child.
Text 8
W：Hello，Dan，is everything going well?
M：Not so good.
W：What’s the matter?
M：You know I am a green hand.Very few patients dare to see me.
W：Oh, I’m sorry to hear that.
M：Julia，I would rather be a musician. You know, I was interested in music when I was little.
W：Dan, never give up，our mother always tells us.
M: But it’s hard！It’s much easier said than done.
W：Don’t lose heart.Oh, I remember I have interviewed a famous dentist.He practiced skills with the help of a robot at first.
M：Really?
W：Yes.The robot can act as a model for young dentists with his rich facial expressions.They can make progress in practice according to its reaction.
M：That sounds interesting. I want to have a try. But how can I get it?
W：Well, I’ll contact him for you.
M：Thank you.
Text 9
W：You’ve packed so many clothes, Ben!
M：Well, it is a business trip, and the weather will be different everywhere I go.
W：I suppose on Sunday you’ll travel in your jeans.
M：Yes. And on Monday I’m going to meet the company boss, so I’ll need my suit then. I can’t wear jeans.
W：What is happening on Tuesday?
M：I’m visiting a factory in the south，so I’ve packed these grey trousers.They’re light and I won’t need a jacket.It’ll be 35 degrees.
W：Oh! Then you’re in the mountains on Wednesday.
M：Yes. A jacket won’t be warm enough.I’ve got my coat for that day.
W：Are you taking a sweater as well?
M：There isn’t room in the suitcase.On Thursday I’ll be by the sea where we held our wedding party，so I’m taking my swim shorts.
W：And what about Friday?
M：I’m having lunch with some colleagues. I’ll wear that blue shorts you bought me. Look, here it is, under the suit.
W：Oh，good.
Text 10
Good morning，ladies and gentlemen.I’ve called the meeting to discuss our college’s new campus.Our new school district will be open fully next month.We plan to move our students to the new place in groups，so please listen carefully.The agriculture students won’t move at all.As you know，their new place was opened last year，and they are well placed for both labs and classrooms base.The arts students，however，are a different case.The history students are all moving，but unfortunately，their teachers will be left in the old buildings，as their new offices are still being painted.Better news for the engineers：your teachers，staff，and students are all ready moving to the new place.A lab is in operation.The move for the engineers should be completed next week.The Department of Law has been moved downtown.We are accepting suggestions for the ways school buildings could be used.So if you have further doubts or questions，please let us know.Thank you.
答案　1.A　2.C　3.C　4.B　5.B　6.C　7.A　8.C 9．B　10.C　11.C　12.B　13.A　14.A　15.C　16.C 17．B　18.A　19.C　20.A
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
After her own experience using a service dog, Tabitha Bell understands how helpful a service dog is. Having learnt from her doctor that many people were unable to afford a service dog, Tabitha decided to start the organization Pawsitive Pawsibilities (Paws), which raises money to help people buy service dogs.
Amazing Kids (AK)：What has been the most difficult part of managing Paws?
Tabitha Bell(TB)：It is always a struggle to come up with new and creative ways to raise money.
AK：What are the different ways that Paws raises money?
TB：We have done dress competitions in my middle school and then my high school I have done a benefit concert in my high school which I hope to continue in college. I put on my first Super Paws 5k run in Utah and we are organizing our second for October in California. So we would love to have as much participation as we can get!
AK：How do you choose a puppy­owner match?
TB：After we have a meeting with the person who needs a dog, we send them to a dog trainer and let the trainer make the final decision. The person will discuss with the trainer what jobs the dog has to do and then the trainer will find a dog that he thinks will suit the owner.
AK：What are your plans for the future?
TB：This fall I'm going to be attending the University of California, Berkeley. I am hoping to use my skills I get to encourage others and lead Paws to reach hopefully the whole nation.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章选自对Tabitha Bell的采访。这个女孩深知工作犬对身体有缺陷的人很有帮助，于是创建了一个组织，筹资帮助穷人购买工作犬。
1．What can we learn about Tabitha Bell?
A．She is good at training dogs.
B．She depends on a service dog to live.
C．She was studying at university when starting Paws.
D．She started Paws because of her doctor's suggestion.
B　推理判断题。根据第一段中“After her own experience using a service dog, Tabitha Bell understands how helpful a service dog is.”可知Tabitha Bell需要依靠工作犬生活。故此题选B。
2．What does Tabitha Bell find most difficult when working with Paws?
A．Matching a dog with an owner. B．Finding experienced dog trainers.
C．Reaching out for more people in need. D．Working out good ways to collect money.
D　细节理解题。根据第二段的问题以及第三段“It is always a struggle to come up with new and creative ways to raise money.”可知，她认为运转该组织时最难的是寻找筹资的好方法。故此题选D。
3．Who has the final say on which dog to choose for a person?
A．The person's doctor. B．The dog trainer.
C．The dog owner. D．The manager of Paws.
B　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“After we have a meeting with the person who needs a dog, we send them to a dog trainer and let the trainer make the final decision.”可知，训犬师最终决定某个人适合使用哪只工作犬。故此题选B。
B
When Patricia went on holiday in Spain, she had no idea what would happen.She had just graduated from a nursing school.To celebrate her graduation, she and her nursing school friends went to Spain in hopes of relaxing before beginning their busy lives as nurses.
On the first day, the three girls were having a bit of lunch.As her friends stayed at the table, Patricia decided she would head to the pool to read some books.As she was lying there, deep in her book, she heard a sudden noise.
A young girl was telling a man in a chair something in another language.All of a sudden, the man jumped out of his chair and called out in English: “A boy is drowning (溺水)! Someone help！” The man then ran to the pool and pulled out a young child from the water.He wasn’t moving.
At first, Patricia didn’t do anything.“Surely there was someone more experienced than me to help this child，” she thought.She looked around and saw that no one was coming to the rescue.It had to be her.
Patricia threw down her book and ran to the child.She pushed the man aside and calmly said, “I’m a nurse.” At the moment, she felt that the words were true.She began administering CPR (实施心肺复苏术)．After a few minutes of this, the boy coughed and spat (吐) up the water.As the boy sat up，his parents were finally here and Patricia left quietly, happy to allow the boy to be with his family again.
After that shocking event, Patricia finally understood that nursing was certainly what she wanted to do.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。Patricia是一名刚刚从护理学校毕业的新手护士。她和同伴在西班牙旅游时，看到一名落水儿童被救上岸，她利用自己的专业知识为男孩实施心肺复苏术，最终救活了男孩。Patricia更加坚定自己要成为一名护士。
1．What do we know about Patricia?
A．She hadn’t started work. B．She was busy working.
C．She enjoyed travelling with friends. D．She wanted to get further education.
答案　A　细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知，Patricia刚刚从护士学校毕业，还没有开始工作。
2．Why did Patricia go to the pool after lunch?
A．To take a rest. B．To have a swim.
C．To do some reading. D．To talk with a young girl.
答案　C　细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句可知，Patricia午饭后想到泳池边看会书。
3．What happened to Patricia right after she saw the boy?
A．She was too frightened. B．She was unsure of herself.
C．She could not wait to help. D．She didn’t know what to do.
答案　B　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，起初Patricia认为一定有更有经验的人来给溺水男孩实施急救，结合上文Patricia还是一名新手护士可知，她对自己不自信，不确定自己是否能救活男孩。
4．What influence did the shocking event have on Patricia?
A．She found nursing was a difficult job. B．She thought swimming was dangerous.
C．She needed to learn more to be a nurse. D．She was sure of becoming a nurse.
答案　D　细节理解题。根据文章的最后一段可知。经历了这次拯救落水男孩的事件后，Patricia更加确信她想要成为一名护士。
C
Music is not just a set of sounds and rhythms. Its influence on the brain is much deeper than any other human experience. Keep on reading to know all those amazing powers of music.
A recent study suggests that preterm (早产的) babies appear to experience less pain and feed more when listening to music. Experts led by Dr. Manoj Kumar of the University of Alberta, Canada, found that music had a beneficial effect on reducing pain for preterm babies experiencing painful medical tests. It also appeared to benefit full­term babies during operations.
Many people experiencing brain damage have speech and movement­related problems. Music can help recover from brain injuries. As a different and effective treatment, doctors often advise such patients to listen to good music to improve the parts of the brain responsible for these two functions. When people with neurological (神经的) disorders hear a musical beat, it helps them to regain a balanced walk.
Though music cannot make deafness disappear, it really can _stave_off the loss of hearing. There was an experiment involving 163 people where 74 were musicians. Participants were asked to pass some listening tests. Musicians heard the sounds better than non­musicians, and this difference gets clearer with age. This means that a 70­year­old musician hears better than a 50­year­old non­musician, even in a noisy environment.
Besides, music mends a broken heart. It is not about a thrown­away love, but about a heart attack. The matter is that music can help people recover from a heart attack or heart operation by reducing blood pressure, slowing down the heartbeat rate, and reducing anxiety. Listening to the quality music produces positive emotions, improves the movement of blood, and expands blood vessels, thus, promoting quick recovery of the whole cardiovascular (心血管的) system.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了音乐对人的大脑和心理产生的积极影响。
1．How does music affect preterm babies?
A．It helps babies feel less suffering. B．It helps develop their potential in music.
C．It helps improve their hearing systems. D．It helps repair their neurological systems.
A　节理解题。第二段第一句“A recent study suggests that preterm babies appear to experience less pain and feed more when listening to music(最近的一项研究表明，早产婴儿在听音乐时疼痛感减轻，进食量增加)．”可知研究表明，早产儿在听音乐时，似乎经历的痛苦更少，吃得更多。因此，A选项符合题意，故选A项。
2．What does the underlined phrase “stave off” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Lead to. B．Increase.
C．Prevent. D．Break into.
C　词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在的第四段第一句的转折关系，以及“Participants were asked to pass some listening tests. Musicians heard the sounds better than non­musicians, and this difference gets clearer with age. This means that a 70­year­old musician hears better than a 50­year­old non­musician, even in a noisy environment.”可知，音乐家比非音乐家听到的声音好，而且这种差异随着年龄的增长越来越明显。这意味着，即使在嘈杂的环境中，70 岁的音乐家的听觉也比 50 岁的非音乐家强，因此画线词所在句子的意思为“ 虽然音乐不能使耳聋消失，但它确实可以预防听力的丧失。”，即画线词stave off与选项C“Prevent”意义接近。故选C项。
3．Why can music mend a broken heart?
A．It has a positive effect on human body systems' work.
B．It can help people prevent diseases caused by anxiety.
C．It helps make a person feel optimistic about life.
D．It can help patients recover in a slow way.
A　细节理解题。最后一段最后一句“Listening to the quality music produces positive emotions, improves the movement of blood, and expands blood vessels, thus, promoting quick recovery of the whole cardiovascular system”可知听高质量的音乐能产生积极的情绪，促进血液流动，扩张血管等等这些对身体积极的影响，促进心血管系统的恢复。因此，音乐能治愈一颗破碎的心。A选项符合题意，故选A项。
4．What may be the best title for the text?
A．Babies can benefit from music B．The best power of music
C．The way to choose quality music D．How music affects our mind and body
D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，结合每段的主题句可知，本文主要说明音乐对人身体和心理的积极影响。因此，本文的最佳标题为“How music affects our mind and body(音乐如何影响我们的身心)”符合题意，故选D项。
D
Earthquakes strike suddenly at any time of the day or night，but there’s no way to tell when.If an earthquake happens，it may cause many deaths，injuries and damage.So you need a good preparation ahead of time.Decide how and where your family will get together if separated.Choose an out－of－state friend or relative that the family members can call after the quake to report where they are and how they are.Know the safe places in each room：under the strong tables，desks，or against inside walls.Keep enough food，water and other things，including a flashlight，a radio，medicines and clothing.
During the earthquake，you should keep a clear head and never be too nervous to know what to do.Protect your head and neck with your arms.If possible，take a book，a pillow or any other things to protect yourself from falling glass and ruins.If you are indoors，you must immediately lie under any strong furniture.If outdoors，move to an open area away from trees，buildings，walls or power poles.If you are in a narrow valley，move to the centre of it and look up for falling stones.If you are in a car，move to the side of the road and stop the car.Do not stop near buildings，power lines or on or under bridges.Stay in your car until the shaking stops.
Do not move a badly injured person unless he is in great danger after the earthquake.Do not use the telephone immediately unless there is a serious injury or fire.Turn on your radio for instructions and news reports.Be prepared for aftershocks.If you want to leave your home，post a message inside your home telling your family members where you can be found.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。主要讲述了人们在地震前、地震中和地震后应该做的事情。
1．To prepare for an earthquake，we should make sure of ________．
A．when an earthquake may happen B．the place where we can find our family
C．how to receive instructions and news reports D．the money with which we can buy food and water
答案　B　细节理解题。根据第一段第四句可知，要提前确定地震后家人会合的地点，故B项正确。
2．If we are driving when an earthquake happens，we should ________．
A．find a strong building to hide in B．leave the car as soon as possible
C．go on driving quickly to leave the area D．move to the side of the road and stop there
答案　D　细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句可知，如果发生地震时你在开车，要把车开到路边停下，所以D项正确。
3．From the passage，we know that during an earthquake ________．
A．we should keep calm and know what to do clearly
B．the trees and walls can protect us if we are outdoors
C．we should protect our necks with a pillow or a book
D．falling glass can be used to help us
答案　A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，地震时，要保持头脑冷静，不能因为太紧张而不知所措，故A项正确。
4．After an earthquake，we should ________．
A．move an injured person quickly B．use the telephone immediately
C．turn on the TV to get news reports D．leave a message before leaving home
答案　D　细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，地震后，在离开家之前，要留下信息告诉家人去哪里能找到你，故D项正确。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some shy people find that they can talk fine with their old friends, but struggle with strangers. They want to ‘fit­in’ with new people, but it's really not easy for them. 1
Work on Raising Self­confidence
Having high self­confidence helps you to be outgoing because you get recognition from yourself. 2
Be in the Present Moment
Shy people spend too much time in their heads. 3 Being mindful of the present moment increases social ability because you have “more to work with”. This improves your confidence, making you more likely to be outgoing.
Say No to Limiting Beliefs
Some people are so careful in conversations. They don't want to say “wrong things”. They don't like themselves around new people and can't stand out because they're afraid even to try. 4 So, plan to say something a little embarrassing about yourself in a conversation. The point is, you'll prove to yourself it's OK to be not always right. That way you'll feel free to be social with people.
Little by little you'll get better. As you succeed, you'll grow confident to be more outgoing, which will lead to more social success. 5
A．Then, you're in a positive state of finding more friends.
B．The real problem is that the feeling is based on completely false beliefs.
C．When you feel good about yourself, what others think of you doesn't matter so much.
D．Here are some tips on how to be more outgoing and be social with people.
E. They could improve their social skills through these ways.
F. Because of this, they don't catch helpful details of the moment.
G. You'll know you can fit in whenever and wherever you like.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。作者就如何变得更外向从而在社交活动中游刃有余提出了一些有用的建议。
1．D　根据前句“They want to ‘fit­in’ with new people, but it's really not easy for them.”和后文小标题可知，该句应为作者就变得外向、善于交际提出的技巧或建议。此句起到承上启下作用。故选D。
2．C　该段主要讲述自信心对外向性格养成的作用，强调自我肯定，结合前句可知，所以当自我感觉良好时，别人怎么看你就不那么重要了。选项C中“feel good about yourself”与小标题中“Self­confidence”相一致。故选C。
3．F　根据后句可知，该处应为内向的人不善于捕捉当下有用的细节。选项F中的“the moment”与小标题中的“the Present Moment”和后句中的“the present moment”相一致。故选F。
4．B　根据小标题“Say No to Limiting Beliefs”并结合前两句可知，作者认为“害怕在交流过程中犯错，害怕尝试”均为内向的人持有的错误观点，需要摒除。选项B中的“false beliefs”与小标题中的“Limiting Beliefs”相一致。故选B。
5．A　根据全文及前句可知，变得外向会给社交带来积极的影响，然后，你就处于寻找更多朋友的积极状态。此处与前句为顺承关系，故选A。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Earthquakes are common；thousands of them happen each day.But most are too __1__ to feel.During a big earthquake，there is often a great noise first.Then the earth __2__ terribly and many houses fall down.Railway tracks break and trains go __3__ lines; a great many factories are __4__；thousands of deaths are caused，and many more lose homes.__5__ the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake __6__，other disasters such as fires often __7__．More buildings are destroyed and more deaths caused.
Man knows the __8__ of a possible earthquake，and for centuries man has been making researches on earthquakes.More than 2，000 years ago，__9__，a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng, __10__ a machine which could find out from which direction the seismic waves had come，and this machine is still __11__ by scientists today.Now we know much more about earthquakes and __12__ they happen，but we still cannot __13__ exactly when and where an earthquake will happen，and cannot prevent it from happening.So earthquakes are among the __14__ disasters in the world.
No one can stop natural earthquakes.__15__，scientists can help stop earthquakes destroying whole cities and causing too many deaths.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。地震是常见的，会给人们带来很大的灾难。现在我们已经了解了许多地震发生的原因，但我们仍然不知道究竟在何时何地会发生地震，并不能阻止这一切的发生。
1．A.extreme B．weak C．Frightening D．frequent
答案　B　有些地震太弱了，以至于人们感觉不到。
2．A.moves B．shakes C．jumps D．breaks
答案　B　由常识可知，发生地震时，地面在晃动(shake)。
3．A.off B．on C．into D．behind
答案　A　由“railway tracks break”可知，铁轨断了，火车出轨(off)了。
4．A.burst B．struck C．destroyed D．buried
答案　C　工厂被破坏(destroyed)。
5．A.Except B．besides C．Instead of D．Because of
答案　B　由第46空后的other disasters可知“除了”地震造成的损失之外，还有别的灾难except与besides都指“除……之外”，但except后所跟内容不包括在整体之内；besides后所跟内容包括在整体之内，故B项正确。
6．A.lonely B．later C．themselves D．itself
答案　D　与后面的火灾相对应，强调地震“本身”造成的破坏。
7．A.follow B．copy C．come D．enter
答案　A　此处表示伴随地震而来的灾害，用follow“跟着”。
8．A.answers B．questions C．dangers D．frights
答案　C　前面主要讲了地震带来的灾害，此处承接上文，意为“人们知道地震的危害(danger)”。
9．A.as a result B．in fact C．for example D．as well
答案　C　下面是作者的举例，说明人们为预测地震所做的研究，故选C项。
10．A.invented B．discovered C．found D．bought
答案　A　invent指发明原来世上不存在的东西或事物，符合句意。
11．A.improved B．repaired C．protected D．used
答案　D　现代的科学家仍然在“使用”张衡发明的地动仪。由still可知D项正确。
12．A.where B．when C．what D.why
答案　D　由后面的when and where可以排除A、B项，且“________ they happen”为宾语从句，从句中句子成分齐全，排除C项。再结合句意“现在我们对地震了解了更多，也知道地震为什么会发生”。可知D项正确。
13．A.persuade B．tell C．express D．point
答案　B　persuade“劝告”；tell“说明白，讲清楚”；express“表达”；point“指出”。此处意为“我们说不清楚地震什么时候、会在哪里发生”。
14．A.worst B．best C．most D．fastest
答案　A　worst“最坏的”；best“最好的”；most“最多的”；fastest“最快的”。由于无法准确预测地震何时何地发生，故认为其是最严重的灾难之一。
15．A.However B．but C．And D．So
答案　A　前后句存在转折关系，but表示转折时不用逗号与其后内容隔开。
第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The wildfires in Australia became considerably worse in January, 2020. The disaster faced by 1.________ country is far from over. Many of the fires 2.________ (send) smoke high into the atmosphere and some smoke turned into pyrocumulonimbus clouds. The clouds can help a fire draw in more air and shift surface winds, 3.________ (result) in fire tornadoes (龙卷风). Fires have destroyed habitats for animals that 4.________ (find) only in Australia, including koalas and rare birds. It will take time to fully know how much harm the fires have done 5.________ wildlife. The wildfires are expected 6.________ (continue) burning for months as Australia entered its dry season.
This past year, 2019, is the hottest and driest year on record. Fires happen 7.________(regular) during the Australian dry season. However, climate and natural changes are making the situation 8.________ (bad). At least 12 million acres have been burned so far in Victoria and New South Wales alone. Smoke from the fires has made 9.________ to South America. There is so much smoke that it may stay in the air for months 10.________ could have an effect on the planet's climate.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主题语境是人与自然，主要内容是澳大利亚的森林大火在2020年1月变得更加严重，同时火灾产生的烟雾又引发了火龙卷风。文章介绍了这次大火对澳大利亚的破坏和影响。
1．the　考查冠词。country为可数名词，此处特指上文的Australia，应用定冠词。故填the。
2．sent　考查动词时态。根据后文“and some smoke turned into pyrocumulonimbus clouds”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填sent。
3．resulting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，此处应用非谓语动词，表示“导致……”，故应用现在分词作结果状语。故填resulting。
4．are found　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。定语从句的先行词animals与谓语动词构成被动关系，且描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语动词应用复数。故填are found。
5．to　考查介词。句意：要完全了解火灾对野生动植物造成了多大的伤害还需要时间。固定短语“do harm to”对……造成伤害。故填to。
6．to continue考查非谓语动词。根据短语be expected to do sth.表示“被期望做某事”，后跟不定式。故填to continue。
7．regularly　考查副词。修饰动词happen，应用副词regularly，表示“频繁地”。故填regularly。
8．worse　考查形容词的比较级。句意：然而，气候和自然变化使情况变得更糟。结合句意可知表示“更糟的”应用比较级形式。故填worse。
9．it　考查代词。短语make it to 表示“到达”。故填it。
10．which　考查定语从句。句意：烟雾如此多，可能会在空气中停留数月，这可能会对地球的气候产生影响。此处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。
第三部分　写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节　(满分15分)
随着年龄的增长，我们总想挣脱父母的怀抱，有时会和父母产生分歧。假定你是李华，你校英语杂志社正在开展题为“How to get along well with your parents”的征文活动。请你写一篇文章投稿，内容包括：
1．事前要跟父母沟通，征求他们的意见；
2．跟父母意见不一致时要保持冷静；
3．多花时间跟父母在一起，如跟他们在一起去野餐等。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
How to get along well with your parents
As you are growing up, you may want to be free from your parents.__________







Yours，
Li Hua
[参考范文]
How to get along well with your parents
As you are growing up, you may want to be free from your parents. Sometimes you will have conflicts with your parents, and you may feel deeply regretful later.
If you want to prevent such moments from happening, you should follow these steps. Firstly, you should communicate with them and ask for their advice before taking certain action. Secondly, if you disagree with your parents about something, you should stay cool and consider it carefully. What's more, you'd better spend more time with them, such as having a picnic with them.
Once you follow these steps, I'm sure that it will be easy for you to get along well with your parents.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
With the development of websites that offer chat services, making friends on the Internet is becoming more and more popular.Whether making online friends is good or bad depends on what you expect from the person.If you go by the popular saying “A friend in need is a friend indeed”， then making friends online isn’t a good idea because online friends cannot come to help you.But if you just wish to spend some time while you’re online and share your thoughts, you can make friends online.
Really, there are some advantages of making online friends.For example，when you’re living away from home, your online friends can be a good support system.They might make you no longer feel lonely.Also, making friends online can make you learn more because you may get to know many new things from the online friends.
However, the purpose of a stranger wanting to be a friend online is often not friendship, especially if you’re a girl.The person, if you add him as a friend, can trouble you in the future.What’s worse, adding the person as a friend means he’ll be able to know all your details.The person, if not good, can misuse your personal details to do something bad.
Therefore, when starting a conversation with any new person, don’t talk too much about yourself in the first days.Also don’t show your address and mobile number to the person you’re chatting with.When chatting with a person through social networking sites, make sure that the person has no access to your personal details and photos.
In a word, if you’re just looking for some sharing of thoughts, online friendship is OK, but don’t expect a lifelong friendship from a stranger on the web.
【写作指导】
一、仔细审题
1．本文语篇类型属于说明文；
2．人称是第二人称，可转换为第三人称；
3．时态是一般现在时。
二、文本理解
本文第一段主要是引入话题；第二段Really，there are some advantages of making online friends.For example...说明这段是总分关系；第三段作者用However进行转折，说明与第二段所讲内容不一致；第四段when...Also...When作者从不同角度给出建议；最后一段从In a word可知，本段作者在总结上文。
三、关键信息罗列
1．Online chat services spring up nowadays.
2．More and more people choose to make friends online.
3．Making friends online brings both advantages and disadvantages.
4．Making friends online may help people overcome the feeling of loneliness.
5．Making friends online may also help people broaden their horizons.
6．People run a certain risk when making friends online.
7．Personal information may be misused by some bad guys.
8．People should keep their personal details private.
9．People have a slim chance of making lifelong friends online.
四、组句成篇
请运用同义句转述或句子重构来替换以上要点句，并运用适当的过渡词语把它们连接起来组成一篇概要写作。





【参考范文】
With online chat services springing up nowadays, more and more people tend to make friends online, which has both advantages and disadvantages.(要点1)Though making friends online may help people overcome the feeling of loneliness and broaden their horizons, they may run a risk and their personal information can be misused.(要点2)Therefore, it is advised that people keep their personal details private.(要点3)And the friendship won’t last long.(要点4)