高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：选修7 Unit 19 Language Word版含解析

这是一份高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：选修7 Unit 19 Language Word版含解析，共16页。

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选修7
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[话题素材]
好词
1．acquire v. 获得；可得
2．content n. 内容
3．vocabularly n. 词汇
4．gradually adv. 逐渐地
5．master v. 掌握
6．concentrate v. 集中
7．accumulate v. 积累
8．look up 查找
9．make_progress 取得进步
10．keep...in mind 记住
11．pick_up 偶然可得
12．refer_to 参考；查阅
佳句
1．Not only did_he_speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily.
他不仅说得更正确，而且讲得更不费劲了。
2．There_is_no_doubt_that keeping an English diary helps you a lot with written English.
毫无疑问，写英语日记非常有助于你书面英语的提高。
[精美语篇]
As an English contest first prize winner， in addition to trying my best to learn English at school， I really benefit a lot from extracurricular English study.,When it comes to practicing oral English and English listening， taking part in the English corner should be put in the first place. Not only can it help us learn it from each other， but also it's of significance for us to enrich our English knowledge. As to keeping an English diary every day， I think it is a good habit I've had， for it helps me consolidate what I've learned in class. Plus， what I want to attach importance to English study outside the classroom is that I often turn to the website Enjoy Reading for help， where I read a great number of articles about English and western culture.,All in all， extracurricular English study is a must to improve your English.

高频单词
1．fluency (n.) 流利度，流畅度→fluent (adj.) 流畅的
2．accuracy (n.) 精确度，准确度→accurate (adj.) 精确的，准确的→accurately (adv.) 精确地
3．absence (n.) 缺乏；缺席→absent (adj.) 缺席的，不在场的
4．acquisition (n.) (语言)习得→acquire (vt.) 习得；获得
5．surround (vt.) 环绕，围绕→surrounding (adj.) 周围的→surroundings (n.) 环境
6．adequate (adj.) 足够的，充分的
7．ensure (vt.) 确保，保证
8．enlarge (vt.) 扩大→large (adj.) 大的
9．guarantee (vt.) 保证
10．adjust (vt.) 调节；调整→adjustment (n.) 调节；调整
11．inform (vt.) 告知，通知→information (n.) 信息
12．announcement (n.) 通告；宣告→announce (vt.) 宣告；宣布
13．congratulate (vt.) 祝贺→congratulation (n.) 祝贺
14．resemble (vt.) 像，与……相似
15．purchase (vt.) 购买→buy (同义词)
16．merely (adv.) 只；仅仅
17．negotiate (vt.) 协商；谈判→negotiation (n.) 协商；谈判
18．offence (n.) 冒犯；得罪→offend (v.) 冒犯
19．approval (n.) 赞成；赞许；批准→approve (vi.&vt.) 赞成；赞许；批准
20．applicant (n.) 申请人→apply (vi.) 申请→application (n.) 申请书
21．sincerely (adv.) 真诚地→sincere (adj.) 真诚的
22．embarrass (vt.) 使窘迫→embarrassed (adj.) 感到窘迫的→embarrassing (adj.) 令人窘迫的→embarrassment (n.) 窘迫；尴尬
重点短语
1．get_ahead　取得成功；获得进步
2．stand_out 突出；显眼
3．on_purpose 故意地
4．consist_of 由……组成；由……构成
5．take the form of 采取……形式
6．adjust...to... 调整……以适应
7．team up 合作
8．congratulate sb. on sth. 就某事向某人祝贺
9．catch on 学会，受欢迎
10．regardless of 不管，不顾
11．on the other hand 另一方面
12．rely on 依靠，依赖
热点句型
1．It was predicted that... “据预测……”
It_was_predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.(教材P6)
早在18世纪人们就预测，有一天英语将成为全球性语言，并且在过去的几十年中它已得到了证明。
2．whether...or引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是……还是，不论……还是……”
Quality input ensures quality output, whether it is speaking or writing.(教材P6)
不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。
3．while表示对比，意为“而，却”
Somebody jumping for joy is easy to see while a raised eyebrow conveying doubt is easier to miss.(教材P10)
人高兴时跳起来很容易看到，而眉毛挑起表示怀疑却不易被人看到。
4．provided that引导条件状语从句，意为“如果，倘若”
Thirdly, you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.(教材P12)
第三，你们说我只要预付就有折扣。
教材复现
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The growth of ________ (internation) companies and the great advances in communications have started the trend for learning English ________ a foreign language.
答案：international; as
2．It was predicted ________ early as the 1700s ________ English would one day be the global language.
答案：as; that
3．However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the ________ (absent) of a native language environment.
答案：absence
4．________ this means is that they make sure there is an adequate amount of input in English conveyed to the students through various mediums.
答案：What
5．To really get ahead, ________， means putting in extra work outside of the classroom.
答案：however
6．These recommendations are ________ (easy) achieved and well worth the extra effort.
答案：easily
7．If you saw a father ________ (pat) his son on the back while smiling happily, what would you think was going on?
答案：patting
8．Body language is ________ (use) every single day by people of different nationalities all over the world.
答案：used
9．Someone who does not know the answer ________ a question will move their shoulders upwards away from their upper body and then let them fall.
答案：to
10．Although every culture around the world uses the same gestures and ________ (express), they use them in different ways.
答案：expressions


1　　

However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.(P6)
然而，作为一门外语，在缺少母语环境的情况下学习英语是非常困难的。

(1)absence from... 缺席；离开
absence of mind 心不在焉
during/in one's absence＝during/in_the_absence_of sb. 在某人不在的时候
(2)absent adj. 缺席的；茫然的
absent­minded adj. 心不在焉的，茫然的
be absent from 缺席；不存在；缺少
图解助记

①[2013·江苏高考]It's the conscientious worker who helps newcomers or updates people who return after an absence.
认真负责的人会帮助新来者或请假缺席而返回工作中的人。
②In_his_absence I looked to see what was on his desk.
趁他不在时，我看了看他桌上有什么东西。
③[朗文词典]His frequent absences_from work didn't go unnoticed.
他的频繁旷工还是引起了别人的注意。
④Her absence_of_mind during driving nearly caused an accident.
她驾车时心不在焉，差点造成事故。
⑤[牛津词典]In_the_absence_of manager I shall be in charge.
经理不在的时候，由我负责。
⑥[朗文词典]Ten children were absent from class today.
今天有十个孩子没来上课。
2　　

...to attain a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language, you need to be surrounded by it.(P6)
……要想达到高水平的外语流利程度和准确性，你得置身于该语言的环境中。

(1)surround...with... 用……把……包围起来
be surrounded by/with 被……包围
(2)surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的
surroundings n. 环境；周围的事物(常用复数)
①[2013·北京高考]Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities.
一些明星由可信任的朋友和家人陪着，或者跑到远离大城市的地方保持平静。
②The atmosphere surrounds the Earth.
大气层环绕着地球。
③[译林⑥－2]To some, happiness is being_surrounded_by family and friends.
对有些人来说，幸福就是一直有家人和朋友陪伴在身边。
④[朗文词典]It took me a few weeks to get used to my new _surroundings.
我花了几个星期的时间才熟悉了新环境。
3　　

Quality input ensures quality output, whether it is speaking or writing.(P6)
不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。

①[2013·山东高考]Sensors (传感器) then ensure_that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.
然后传感器确保每当下雨的时候伞提供行人躲避的地方。
②[牛津词典]These pills should ensure you a good night's sleep.
服下这些药丸可保你睡一宿好觉。
③[新英汉词典]We should ensure ourselves against all possible risks.
我们要保护自己，以防备任何危险。
4　　

Knowing the main stories before reading will guarantee greater comprehension when reading in English.(P6)
读前能了解主要新闻内容，会确保用英语阅读时更透彻地理解所读新闻。

(1)guarantee sth. against... 保障某物免受……
guarantee to_do_sth. 保证做某事
guarantee sb._sth. 向某人担保某事
guarantee＋that从句 保证……
be guaranteed to do sth. 必定做某事
(2)guarantee n. 保证书；担保；抵押品
under guarantee 在保修期内
give_sb. a guarantee that 从句 向某人保证……
①[2015·江苏高考]Freedom needs to be guaranteed by responsibility.
自由需要有责任心做保证。
②[2013·湖北高考]Being a graduate of the Internet “school” of medicine does not guarantee accurate self­health­checks.
一个网校毕业的医学生并不能保证精确的自我检查。
③[牛津词典]We guarantee_to_deliver within a week.
我们保证一周内送到。
④[朗文词典]It's impossible to guarantee_everyone_a_job.
不可能保证每个人都有工作。
⑤[2013·广东高考改编]Consistant, hard work will_guarantee_that you will become good at whatever it is.
坚持不懈和勤奋努力会确保你无论做什么都会做好。
⑥[朗文词典]There is no_guarantee that the books will be delivered this week.
不能保证这些书本周会送到。
⑦It's still under_guarantee,_so the manufacturer will repair it.
保证书还有效，所以厂家会给修理的。
5　　

Watching a favourite DVD, but adjusting the language to English in parts you know well.(P6)
观看你最喜爱的一张光盘，但要把你熟悉部分的语言调换成英语。

(1)adjust to_(doing)_sth. 适应……
adjust (sth./oneself) to_(doing)_sth. 使(某物/某人自己)适应(做)某事
adjust sth. to sth. 调整……以适应
(2)adjustment n. 调整，调节，适应
make an adjustment (to sth.) (对……)作出调整
①[2015·江苏高考]Some schools will have to make_adjustments in agreement with the national soccer reform.
一些学校将不得不做出调整以适应国家足球改革。
②[2014·重庆高考]He fixed the faucet, adjusted the dishwasher door, and replaced a showerhead.
他修理好了水龙头，调整了洗碗机的门，还换了一个淋浴头。
③[朗文词典]It took a few seconds for her eyes to adjust_to the darkness.
过了几秒钟她的眼睛才适应了黑暗。
④He found it hard to adjust_to_working at night.
他发现很难适应晚上工作。
易混辨析
adapt
适应；改编
都可表示“适应”的意思，与介词to连用，常构成短语“adjust/adapt (oneself) to”但adapt强调“适应”，adjust强调“调整”
adjust
调整，调节
[一言辨异]
His job is to adapt the famous writer's play for television, which is hard to adjust/adapt to at first, but he has adjusted to the new way of life now.
他的工作是把这个著名作家的剧本改编成电视剧，起初这很难适应，但是现在他已适应了新生活。
⑤用adapt/adjust的适当形式填空
a．He soon ________ to army life.
b．[朗文词典]________ your seat and mirror before driving away.
答案：a.adjusted/adapted b．Adjust
6　　

Inform a friend of your targets so they can help motivate you as well.(P6)
把你的目标告诉你的一位朋友，这样他们也会帮忙鼓励你。

(1)inform sb. of/about sth. 通知某人某事
inform on/against 告发，检举
inform sb. that... 告知某人……
(2)informed adj. 了解情况的；消息灵通的
keep sb. informed of sth. 使某人知道某事
(3)information n. 信息，消息，通知
a piece of information 一条信息
①[2014·北京高考]The main purpose of the passage is to inform and explain.
文章的主要目的是为了告知并解释。
②[译林]Bees fly in circles to inform_their_partners_about/of food or danger.
蜜蜂跳圆形舞告诉同伴蜜源的位置，或提示它们有危险。
③[牛津词典]One of the criminals informed_against/on the rest of the gang.
有一罪犯告发了同党。
④We would like to inform_all_passengers_that the restaurant car is now open.
我们想通知所有乘客餐车现在开始营业。
⑤[牛津词典]Keep_me_informed_of/about what happens.
有事随时通知我。
7　　

You would probably think that the father was congratulating his son on doing something well.(P10)
你可能认为父亲因他儿子做事优秀而在向他表示祝贺。

(1)congratulate sb. on sth. 为某事向某人祝贺
congratulate oneself on 认为自己幸运/成功；(为某事物而)自鸣得意
(2)congratulation n. 庆祝，祝贺
congratulations (to sb.) on/upon (doing) sth. 为某事(向某人)祝贺
congratulator n. 祝贺者
①[2013·上海高考]My uncle sent me a card yesterday to congratulate my 18th birthday.
我舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片，祝贺我18岁生日。
②The two sportsmen congratulated_each_other_on_winning the match by shaking hands.
两位运动员为赢得比赛握手致贺。
③[牛津词典]You can congratulate_yourself_on having done a good job.
你的工作做得很出色，你应该感到自豪。
④Please give my congratulations when you see her.
见到她时，请转达我的祝贺。
⑤[朗文词典]Congratulations_on your engagement!
恭喜你们订婚！
易混辨析
congratulate
指对个人获得成功的祝贺，只以言语表达，后面加sb.，与介词on/upon搭配
celebrate
指以行动(如送花、开party等)来庆祝生日、节日等，后面常跟节日名词
[一言辨异]
I congratulated the sponsors who had organized this wonderful gathering and they were singing and dancing to celebrate this joyful occasion.
我祝贺主办者组织了这次精彩的聚会，他们唱歌跳舞来庆祝这一喜悦时刻。
图解助记

⑥完成句子
A grand evening party was held to ________ Mo Yan on his receiving the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature. Like ________ his birthday, many of his colleagues, friends and relatives came to express their ________ on achievements he had made.
昨晚举行了盛大晚会来祝贺莫言获得2012年诺贝尔文学奖。像庆贺他的生日一样，他的许多同事、亲朋好友都来祝贺他取得的巨大成就。
答案：congratulate; celebrating; congratulations
8　　

I was so embarrassed.(P14)
我是如此窘迫。

(1)embarrassed adj. (感到)尴尬的
be embarrassed (at)_about 对……感到为难/尴尬
(2)embarrassing adj. 令人窘迫的；令人尴尬的
(3)embarrassment n. 窘迫；尴尬
(4)to_one's embarrassment 令某人尴尬的是
①[朗文词典]I didn't want to embarrass her in front of Paul.
我不想当着保罗的面让她难堪。
②[2013·湖北高考]“I'm so embarrassed，”she said, shaking her head.
她说，“我很尴尬”，摇了摇头。
③To_her_embarrassment,_she couldn't remember his name.
让她尴尬的是，她想不起他的名字。
过关演练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
1．[牛津词典]Love was totally absent ________ his childhood.
答案：from　be absent from “缺席；不存在”。
2．[2015·福建高考]Surround yourself ________ people who uplift, encourage and understand you!
答案：with　surround...with “用……把……包围起来”。
3．[牛津词典]Please ________ (sure) that all lights are switched off at night.
答案：ensure　句意：请确保晚上把所有的灯都关掉。
4．Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to ________ (guarantee) a good night's sleep.
答案：guaranteeing　to为介词，故后加doing。
5．[2015·浙江高考]Becky, 12 at the time, adjusted ________ others being in the house when she returned from school.
答案：to　adjust to (doing) sth. “适应(做)……”。
6．[朗文词典]Please inform us ________ any progress.
答案：of/about　inform sb. of/about sth. “通知某人某事”。
7．I want to express my congratulations ________ your success.
答案：on　congratulations on/upon sth. “为某事祝贺”。
8．[牛津词典]I was ________ (embarrass) by his comments about my clothes.
答案：embarrassed　embarrassed adj.作表语，表示(感到)尴尬的。

1　　

In today's world, being able to speak more than one language, including English, is how you stand out and get ahead.(P6)
在当今世界，能够说不止一种语言，包括英语，就意味着你是多么出色和多么成功。


①[朗文词典]You need to work hard if you want to get_ahead.
如果你要领先，就得努力。
②[人教⑦－3]George said as he ran ahead_of me.
乔治边说边跑到我的前面去了。
③[2013·江苏高考]If you agree to our proposal, we'll go_ahead.
如果你同意我们的建议，我们就进行了。
④[英汉多功能词典]Try to look_ahead to next year.
设法考虑一下明年的情况。
2　　

I'm sure you'll catch on really quickly. (P131听力材料)
我相信你会很快。


①[朗文词典]It may take time for some of the children to catch_on.
其中一些孩子可能需要时间来理解。
②[朗文词典]The idea never caught_on in this country.
这种观念在该国从未流行过。
③I ran faster and faster till I caught_up_with all the other runners.
我越跑越快，直到追上其他所有选手。
④[牛津词典]I caught a boy stealing apples from the garden.
我撞见一个男孩偷园里的苹果。
⑤[牛津词典]She caught_sight_of a car in the distance.
她一眼瞥见远处的汽车。
⑥[牛津词典]A newspaper headline caught_his_attention.
报纸的大标题引起了他的注意。
3　　

People often use body language on purpose. (P10)
人们常常故意使用身势语。

(1)for the purpose of 为了……
with the purpose of 怀着……的目的
to the purpose 中肯的；切题的
(2)by accident/chance 偶然，无意
①[2014·福建高考]Cinderella left her shoe on the stairs on_purpose.
灰姑娘故意把自己的鞋落在楼梯上。
②For_the_purpose_of helping protect Grand Canyon, please follow the guidelines below.
为了有助于保护大峡谷，请注意遵守以下规则。
③[朗文词典]He came here with_the_purpose_of carrying out the attack.
他来这里的目的是展开进攻。
4　　

On the other hand, you can also easily show what you don't like by shaking your head.(P10)
另一方面，你也能通过摇头容易地表达你不喜欢什么。

(1)on the one hand...on the other hand 一方面……，另一方面……
(2)for one thing...for another 一方面……，另一方面……(引出并列的理由)
①[2014·江西高考]Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence. On_the_other_hand,_it could just put you in debt.
开创自己的事业是你实现自己经济独立的一种方式，另一方面，它也会使你陷入债务中。
②[2013·湖北高考]Perri, on_the_other_hand,_grew up privileged in the New Jersey suburbs of the 1960s and 1970s.
另一方面，佩里幸运地成长在二十世纪六十年代和七十年代的新泽西州郊区。
－特别提示－
on(the) one hand... on the other(hand)．..常表达相矛盾的两方面；for one thing...，for another...，陈述的两方面情况常一致。
③I don't want to buy it, for_one_thing I don't like the color, and for_another the price is too high.
我不想买这个，一方面我不喜欢这个颜色，二是价格太高。
过关演练
选词填空
catch up with； catch on； go ahead； on purpose； for the purpose of； on the other hand
1．[朗文词典]________ and help yourself to some punch.
答案：Go ahead
2．The lady repeated the question several times but I still couldn't ________.
答案：catch on
3．In order to ________ the advanced countries, we must keep learning.
答案：catch up with
4．Firefighters believe the fire was started ________.
答案：on purpose
5．[朗文词典]________ the report, low income was defined as $30,000 a year for a family of four.
答案：For the purpose of
6．[2015·广东高考]The accents placed at the bottom in this study, ________， were regional (地区的) city accents.
答案：on the other hand

1　 It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.(P6)
早在18世纪人们就预测，有一天英语将成为全球性语言，并且在过去的几十年中它已得到了证明。

It was predicted...that...
此句型中it为形式主语，真正的主语是that...引导的主语从句。该结构常译为：“据……”
(1)it用作形式主语的主语从句有：
It's said...that... 人们说/据说……
It's believed...that... 人们认为……
It's hoped...that... 人们希望……
It's thought...that... 人们认为……
It's reported...that... 据报道……
(2)上面句式还可转化为：主语＋be＋v.­ed＋不定式。其中不定式为主语的补语，该不定式根据所指的时间可出现一般式、进行式或完成式。如：
It is said that he has written a new book about workers.
＝He is said to have written a new book about workers.
＝A new book about workers is said to have been written by him.
据说他写了一本有关工人的新书。
①It's_predicted_that inflation would continue to fall.
据预测，通货膨胀率将继续下降。
②It's_said_that he is an artist.
＝He is_said_to_be an artist.
据说他是个艺术家。
③[牛津词典]It's__thought_that the Prime Minister will visit Moscow next month.
据估计首相将于下月访问莫斯科。
2　　 Quality input ensures quality output， whether it is speaking or writing. (P6),不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。


①[牛津词典]Whether it rains or not, we are playing football on Saturday.
无论下不下雨，我们周六一定踢足球。
②[朗文词典]Whether you like it or_not,_you have to take that test.
不管喜不喜欢，你都得进行那项测试。
③[牛津词典]We'll be told tomorrow whether we should take the exam or not.
我们明天才知道是不是应该参加考试。
④What worries people most is whether the rising house prices will be under control (or not)．
最使人们感到担忧的是不断上涨的房价是否将得到控制。
3　　 Thirdly， you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.(P12)
第三，你们说如果我提前付款的话可以打折优惠。
此句中的provided that为连词，引导条件状语从句，表示“如果，假如”，相当于on condition that/so long as。provided可以换成providing。


①We'll buy everything you produce, provided_that the price is right.
倘若价格合适，我们将采购你们的全部产品。
②[北师大⑦－19]I'll play tennis provided_that we are finished by 5 p．m.
要是我们五点结束，我就去打网球。
③[牛津词典]I'll agree to go provided/providing_(that) my expenses are paid.
假如为我负担费用，我就同意去。
④Suppose_(that) you have one million dollars, what would you do?
假如你有一百万，你会做什么？
过关演练
完成句子
1．It's often ________ that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.
人们常说，人类天生就有说话能力。
答案：said
2．Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn't matter ________ you have lived there for a short ________ a long time.
村子里的每个人都很友好，不管你是在那只住了很短还是很长一段时间。
答案：whether; or
3．It's still under discussion ________ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.
旧公共汽车站是否会被一个现代旅馆代替，还在讨论。
答案：whether
4．[牛津词典]________ (provide) we get good weather, it will be a successful holiday.
如果天气好，我们的假日将过得很好。
答案：Provided/Providing

名词性从句
1．在句子中起名词作用的各种从句，统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中所起的语法作用，分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
2．名词性从句使用陈述语序。引导名词性从句的引导词有：
连词：that, whether
连接代词：who, whom, which, whose, what
连接副词：when, where, how, why
主语从句在句中作主语，可以直接放在句首，也可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末
①[2015·北京高考]________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
我们理解事物的方式与我们的感受有很大关系。
答案：How
②[2012·山东高考]It doesn't matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
在这家商店用现金或信用卡支付都是可以的。
答案：whether
宾语从句是放在动词或介词后的从句
③[2015·重庆高考]We must find out ________ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.
我们必须弄明白卡尔会在什么时候来到，这样我们就可以为他定房间了。
答案：when
④[2014·山东高考改编]Susan made it clear to me ________ she wished to make a new life for herself.
苏珊清楚的告诉我她想过自己的新生活了。
答案：that
表语从句放于系动词后
⑤[2014·北京高考]The best moment for the football star was ________ he scored the winning goal.
对足球明星来说，最好的时刻就是他进决胜球的时候。
答案：when
同位语从句是用来解释说明某一名词的内容和实质
能接同位语从句的名词有：belief, fact, chance, hope, idea, doubt, news, conclusion, suggestion, problem, order, answer, decision, explanation, information, thought等
⑥[2013·上海高考]I have no idea ________ the cell phone isn't working, so could you fix it for me?
我不知道手机为什么不能正常工作了，你能为我修理一下吗？
答案：why
过关演练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)
1．[2014·湖南高考]As John Lennon once said, life is ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
答案：what　what引导表语从句，并在从句中作主语，指事。
2．[2013·重庆高考]________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.
答案：What　what引导主语从句，并在主语从句中作said的宾语。
3．[2013·北京高考]Experts believe ________ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
答案：that　that引导宾语从句。
4．[2012·浙江高考]I made a promise to myself ________ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.
答案：that　that引导同位语从句，解释说明promise的内容。