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重庆市第八中学2023-2024学年高三英语上学期高考适应性月考卷（一）（Word版附解析）
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这是一份重庆市第八中学2023-2024学年高三英语上学期高考适应性月考卷（一）（Word版附解析），共24页。
重庆市第八中学 2024届高考适应性月考卷(一)
英 语
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、 准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want his pie served with?
A. Cream. B. Cheese. C. Nothing.
2. Who is the woman probably?
A. A customer. B. An eye specialist. C. An online shop owner.
3. Which jeans will the boy wear?
A. The white ones. B. The black ones. C. The blue ones.
4. What does the man think of the woman's hair?
A. Short hair suits her. B. She should grow it long. C. Her hair grows slowly.
5. How many times has the man seen the singer?
A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times.
第二节 (共15 小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话， 回答第 6 和第7题。
6. Where are the speakers?
A. In Scotland. B. In Italy. C. In India.
7. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Travel tips.
B. Gestures in different cultures.
C. Interesting traditions in Europe.
听下面一段对话， 回答第8至第10题。
8. Where do abandoned bikes become a major problem?
A. Outside the subway station.
B. Outside the shopping mall.
C. In the park.
9. How is the woman related to the man?
A. She's his mother. B. She's his sister. C. She's his neighbor.
10. What bike did the woman have as a child?
A. A hired one. B. A new one. C. A used one.
听下面一段对话， 回答第11至第13题。
11. What does Joe probably prefer to read?
A. Poems. B. Horror fiction. C. Nature books.
12. What does Jane think of Stray Birds?
A. Meaningful. B. Interesting. C. Boring.
13. What day is it today?
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Saturday.
听下面一段对话，回答第14 至第16题。
14. What are the speakers talking about?
A. How to recycle. B. Why to recycle. C. What to be recycled.
15. How does the woman recycle newspapers?
A. By cleaning tables.
B. By wrapping bottles and cans.
C. By starting a fire for her fireplace.
16. What do we know about the man?
A. He washes his windows twice a year.
B. He often warms himself with a fireplaçe.
C. He will take useless things to the recycling centre.
听下面一段独白， 回答第17至第20题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Higher education in the U S.
B. The life of students in the U. S.
C. U. S. students and their future jobs.
18. What jobs do American graduate students hope to find?
A. Those that are quite special.
B. Those that are very challenging.
C. Those that are interesting and well-paid.
19. What is the graduate students' life like in America?
A. Meaningful. B. Tough. C. Interesting.
20. What do most American graduate students think of spending time on their studies?
A. It is unnecessary. B. It will pay off. C. I t is not rewarding.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Benefiting from the 5,000 years history, many ancient cities exist in the vast land of China. Here are 4 ancient cities in China and each has their unique features.
Shangqiu Ancient City
●History: 4,000 years
●Opening Hours: 08:00-17:30 in winter; 08:00-18: 00 in summer
●Ticket Price: ¥70 per combo ticket (组合票)
Situated in the Yellow River Valley, Shangqiu area is considered the birthplace of Chinese civilization. The best time to visit it is around the Chinese New Year, when the grandest temple fair at Shangqiu is held to worship the God of Fire.
Ancient City of Pingyao
●History: 2,700 years
●Opening Hours: 08: 00-17: 30
●Ticket Price: Free entry
It has no charming landscape, green mountains or clear waters. What is unique there is the well-pre served ancient city with a grand City Wall, traditional residences, time-honored shops, and even the previous government office.
Fenghuang Ancient Town
●History: 467 years
●Opening Hours: all day;08: 00-17: 30 for Tuo River day cruise;18: 00-22: 30 for night cruise
●Ticket Price: Free entry
Constructed in 1556, Fenghuang Ancient Town is another historical city in China known for ethnic diversity. Generations of Miao, Tujia and Han people live here, and it now accommodates28 ethnic groups in total.
Huizhou Ancient City
●History: 2,240 years
●Opening Hours: 08: 00-17: 00
●Ticket Price: ¥95 for one adult; ¥140 for one adult and one child; ¥230 for two adults and one child. Huizhou Ancient City is famous for its unique architectural style since the old days. The Huizhou-style building is one of the most important architectural schools in China, using bricks, wood, and stones as the raw materials.
1. Which of the four towns has the longest history?
A. Shangqiu Ancient City. B. Ancient City of Pingyao.
C. Huizhou Ancient City. D. Fenghuang Ancient Town.
2. What do Ancient City of Pingyao and Fenghuang Ancient Town have in common?
A. Various ethnic minorities. B. Free Admission.
C. Abundant natural beauty. D. The same opening hours.
3. How much will a family of a couple and a child pay for Huizhou Ancient City?
A. ¥95. B. ¥140. C. ¥230. D. ¥235.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了中国四个古城以及它们的历史、游览时间和门票等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Shangqiu Ancient City中的“History: 4,000 years(4,000年历史)”、Ancient City of Pingyao中的“History: 2,700 years(2,700年历史)”、Fenghuang Ancient Town中的“History: 467 years(467年历史)”以及Huizhou Ancient City中的“History: 2,240 years(2,240年历史)”可知，对比四座古镇发现，商丘古镇历史最为悠久，为4,000年的历史。故选 A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ancient City of Pingyao中的“Ticket Price: Free entry(票价：免费入场)”和Fenghuang Ancient Town中的“Ticket Price: Free entry(票价：免费入场)”可知，平遥古镇和凤凰古城都是免费入城。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Huizhou Ancient City中的“Ticket Price: ¥95 for one adult; ¥140 for one adult and one child; ¥230 for two adults and one child(票价：成人95元；成人1人、儿童1人140元；2名成人和1名儿童230元)”可知，一对夫妇，即两名成年人和一个孩子共支付230元。故选C项。
B
Many people love online shopping. It’s the fastest way to buy the latest trends for food, clothes and games. But a life of convenience is not possible, however, without the combined efforts of the country’s massagers. Zhang Yu, a deliveryman in Wuhan, is one of them. For him, working is not only a means for survival, but also a chance for him to serve others.
After serving in the army for a few years, Zhang joined the SF Express Tangjiadun station in Wuhan in 2019. When Zhang distributes packages, he often carefully records the daily habits of the recipients. For example, he knows which clients have babies and need a longer afternoon rest, the households with only seniors, and the time that the office workers are available. He considers all of these factors when arranging for deliveries.
But what has put Zhang into the spotlight is his heroic acts, which led to him winning the China Youth May Fourth Medal in 2022. In December 2021, Zhang encountered a fire in a residential building while on his way to collect some deliveries. After squeezing into the crowd, Zhang found two adults and a crying child standing helplessly on a third-floor balcony, waiting desperately for rescue. At that moment, Zhang called on his military experience to climb up to the second floor. From there, he was able to save the family, bringing each member of the family down one by one.
When onlookers cheered for him, he simply rode off on his motorbike without any word. It was only after the video of his good deed went viral on Douyin that people knew it was Zhang Yu. Many people have since called him a hero. But talking about the event, Zhang simply said, “I’m not a hero. I just did what a kind man would do.”
4. What is special about Zhang Yu as a deliveryman?
A. He delivers packages very quickly.
B. He delivers only to certain households.
C. He avoids delivering during working hours.
D. He pays attention to his clients’ daily habits.
5. What led to Zhang Yu winning the China Youth May Fourth Medal in 2022?
A. His brave deed. B. His efficient delivery.
C. His wonderful memory. D. His strong determination.
6. How did Zhang Yu rescue the family trapped in the fire?
A. By calling the fire rescue service.
B. By asking other people for help.
C. By drawing on his military experience.
D. By offering them tools to escape.
7. Which of the following best describes the personality of Zhang Yu?
A. Fearless and considerate. B. Ambitious and humorous.
C. Modest and outgoing. D. Tolerant and reliable.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是快递员张裕习惯记下客户的习惯，乐于助人，在火灾中奋不顾身救人的故事，弘扬了正能量。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When Zhang distributes packages, he often carefully records the daily habits of the recipients.(当张裕送包裹时，他经常仔细记录收件人的日常习惯。)”可知，在送包裹时，他习惯性地记录收件人的日常习惯，由此可知，他的特别之处是关注客户的日常习惯。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But what has put Zhang into the spotlight is his heroic acts, which led to him winning the China Youth May Fourth Medal in 2022.(但真正让张裕成为公众关注焦点的是他的英雄行为，这让他在2022年获得了中国青年五四奖章。)”并结合下文中他在火灾中救出一家人的事迹可知，是他的英雄事迹让他赢得了2022年的中国青年五四奖章。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At that moment, Zhang called on his military experience to climb up to the second floor. From there, he was able to save the family, bringing each member of the family down one by one.(就在那一刻，张裕凭借自己的部队经验爬上了二楼。从那里，他能够拯救这个家庭，把每个家庭成员一个接一个救了下来。)”可知，张裕见到火灾发生，在当时马上凭借着自己在部队的经验爬上二楼救出这一家人，由此可知，是他的部队经验让他救出被困的一家人。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For example, he knows which clients have babies and need a longer afternoon rest, the households with only seniors, and the time that the office workers are available. He considers all of these factors when arranging for deliveries.(例如，他知道哪些客户有孩子，需要更长的下午休息时间，哪些家庭只有老人，以及办公室工作人员有空的时间。在安排送货时，他会考虑所有这些因素。)”可知，张裕根据自己记录的信息了解很多客户日常，在安排送货时考虑这些相关的因素，说明他很体贴周到，根据第三段中的“At that moment, Zhang called on his military experience to climb up to the second floor. From there, he was able to save the family, bringing each member of the family down one by one. (就在那一刻，张裕凭借自己的部队经验爬上了二楼。从那里，他能够拯救这个家庭，把每个家庭成员一个接一个救了下来。)”可知，在发现居民楼发生火灾时，他凭借自己在部队的经验，爬上二楼并救下被困的一家人，由此可知，他非常的无畏，综上信息可知，张裕是一个体贴周到又无畏的人。故选A项。
C
There have been assumptions about possible detrimental long-term consequences of school closures on young children and adolescents, but now a new study published in the journal Scientific Reports provides convincing evidence that the mental health of school children was damaged by school closures during the pandemic.
The study surveyed 907 adolescents and their parents in Germany between May and June of 2020. Depression and psychosomatic symptoms were evaluated, in addition to other aspects of mental health. Telephone call volume to German youth crisis helplines was also analyzed. Both sets of data found higher depression and psychosomatic symptoms, particularly among boys, younger children, and adolescents, especially those living in homes with limited space. The research suggests that increased pressure on families forced to adapt to new work, school, and family life situations during the pandemic school closures promoted the increase in mental health problems in school children.
Not all children suffered the effects equally. Young children suffered the most from the pressure caused by school closures. Boys coped much worse with school closures than girls. The effects were strongest in school-aged children living in homes that had limited living space. That factor supports the conclusion that family living stresses promoted the decline in mental health.
Disrupting daily routine and social interactions do damage to the mental health of school children, the researchers conclude. Given the obvious importance of wholesome daily routine in family life and the value of health y social interactions in nurturing the well-being of children, it is not surprising that kids’ mental health suffered when their schools were closed for long periods and their family life was greatly changed.
COVID-19 is not the first, nor will it be the last serious infectious disease sweeping the globe. These new findings will be valuable in deciding how best to manage such outbreaks in the future.
8. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph1 mean?
A. Harmful. B. Improper. C. Beneficial. D. Desirable.
9. How did the researchers carry out their study?
A. By making telephone calls.
B. By consulting a former study.
C. By analyzing different groups of data.
D. By examining teenagers’ physical activities.
10. Who has suffered most from school closures?
A. Boys with severe mental problems.
B. Kids engaging in many social interactions.
C. Teenagers with disturbed daily routines.
D. Adolescents lacking adequate living space.
11. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. COVID-19 School Closures Harmed Children’s Well-being
B. COVID-19 Remains A Major Threat To School-aged Children
C. Mental Health Problems Greatly Increased After The Pandemic
D. The Closure of Schools Has Affected School Children’s Performance
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了最新一项研究结果：新冠疫情期间学校的关闭损害了青少年的心理健康。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段后半句“but now a new study published in the journal Scientific Reports provides convincing evidence that the mental health of school children was damaged by school closures during the pandemic.(但现在发表在《科学报告》杂志上的一项新研究提供了令人信服的证据，表明大流行病期间学校关闭损害了学龄儿童的心理健康)”可知，研究发现，学校关闭对青少年的心理健康是有害的，而该单词所在的句子是猜测学校长期关闭对青少年心里健康可能是如何的，由此可知，该单词的意思应该是“有害的”，与harmful同义。故选 A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Depression and psychosomatic symptoms were evaluated, in addition to other aspects of men tal health. Telephone call volume to German youth crisis helplines was also analyzed.(除了男性心理健康的其他方面外，还对抑郁症和心身症状进行了评估。对德国青年危机求助热线的电话数量也进行了分析)”可知，该研究对抑郁症和心身症状进行了评估，也对德国青少年求助热线的数量进行了分析，由此可知，该研究通过分析两方面的数据得出了后面的结论。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The effects were strongest in school-aged children living in homes that had limited living space.(这种影响在生活在空间有限家庭中的学龄儿童中最为严重)”可知，生活空间有限的家庭中，这种影响最严重，由此可知，家里没有足够生活空间的孩子最容易受到学校关闭的影响。故选 D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“now a new study published in the journal Scientific Reports provides convincing evidence that the mental health of school children was damaged by school closures during the pandemic.(现在，发表在《科学报告》杂志上的一项新研究提供了令人信服的证据，表明大流行病期间学校关闭损害了学龄儿童的心理健康)”并结合下文中介绍的研究方法、研究发现、最受影响的群体以及受影响的原因可知，本文围绕新冠疫情期间学校的关闭损害了青少年的心理健康这一研究结果展开，所以“新冠疫情期间学校停课损害了青少年的健康”与本文的内容一致，且概括了文章的主题。故选 A项。
D
The Yurok people have lived along the Klamath River, which flows from the Cascades in Oregon southwest through Northern California, for thousands of years, protecting the region and river from which they — and others — draw sustenance (生计).
But as development and pollution continue to reduce the number of fish in the river and the quantity and quality of its waters, the Yurok Tribe is legalizing (合法化) the tribe’s longstanding care by granting the Rights of Personhood to the Klamath, the first river in North America to have such rights declared.
The Yurok Tribal Council’s May 2019 resolution means the river has the same legal rights as a human under tribal law. This order allows people to bring law cases on behalf of the river when its rights are violated. According to the resolution, the tribe’s intention is to provide a legal basis for safeguarding the river and its ecosystem, especially in the face of water diversion, industrial pollution, and climate change impacts, among other threats. In a testimony (证词) delivered to the U. S. House of Representatives in October 2019, Yurok Tribe Vice Chairman Frankie Myers said this legal framework could create a path to ward a more thoughtful view of the rights of nature in other communities and courts, and that any money awarded by the Yurok courts will fund cleanup and restoration projects to remedy the litigated harms.
The Yurok Tribe’s resolution draws lessons from the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and echoes the efforts of other Indigenous tribes, including the White Earth Band of Ojibwe, which adopted the Rights of wild rice, in December 2018. “This is a very important step forward in the Rights of Nature movement,” Mari Margil, Associate Director of the Community Environmental Legal Defense Fund commented.
12. Which of the following can be used to describe Yurok people?
A. A conqueror. B. A guardian. C. A governor. D. A consumer.
13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The process of legalization. B. The tradition of Yurok tribe.
C. The reason behind the legalization. D. The importance of the Klamath River.
14. What does the law aim to do?
A. Win an award in cleanup projects.
B. Protect the personhood of the river.
C. Fight against global water pollution.
D. Improve the government legal system.
15. What can we learn from Yurok Tribe according to the last paragraph?
A. Time and tide wait for no man.
B. Birds of a feather flock together.
C. Past experience is a guide for the future.
D. All things are difficult before they are easy.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一直生活在克拉马斯河沿岸的尤洛克人为了保护他们赖以生存的地区和河流，为该河流通过法案，使其与人类享有同等的法律权利。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The Yurok people have lived along the Klamath River, which flows from the Cascades in Oregon southwest through Northern California, for thousands of years, protecting the region and river from which they — and others — draw sustenance (生计).(几千年来，尤洛克人一直生活在克拉马斯河沿岸，这条河从俄勒冈州西南部的喀斯喀特山脉流过北加州，保护着他们和其他人赖以生存的地区和河流)”可知，几千年来，尤洛克人一直生活在克拉马斯河沿岸，保护着他们和其他人赖以生存的地区和河流，由此可知，他们扮演着“守护者”的角色。故选B项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“But as development and pollution continue to reduce the number of fish in the river and the quantity and quality of its waters, the Yurok Tribe is legalizing (合法化) the tribe’s longstanding care by granting the Rights of Personhood to the Klamath, the first river in North America to have such rights declared.(但是，随着开发和污染不断减少河中鱼类的数量，以及河水的数量和质量，尤洛克部落通过授予克拉马斯河人格权利，将部落长期以来的照顾合法化，这是北美第一条宣布拥有这种权利的河流)”可知，随着开发和污染的持续，尤洛克部落将部落长期以来的照顾合法化，由此可知，本段主要讲述了这一举措的背景。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Yurok Tribal Council’s May 2019 resolution means the river has the same legal rights as a human under tribal law. This order allows people to bring law cases on behalf of the river when its rights are violated.(尤洛克部落理事会2019年5月的决议意味着，根据部落法，这条河与人类拥有同样的法律权利。该命令允许人们在河流权利受到侵犯时代表河流提起法律诉讼)”可知，颁布法律的目的是使这条河与人类拥有同样的法律权利，这样河流的个性才能得以保护。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Yurok Tribe’s resolution draws lessons from the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and echoes the efforts of other Indigenous tribes, including the White Earth Band of Ojibwe, which adopted the Rights of wild rice, in December 2018.(尤洛克部落的决议吸取了《联合国土著人民权利宣言》的教训，并呼应了其他土著部落的努力，包括于2018年12月通过野生水稻权利的奥吉布韦白色地球带)”可知，尤洛克部落的决议吸取了《联合国土著人民权利宣言》的教训，并呼应了其他土著部落的努力，由此可推知，过去的经验是未来的指南。故选C项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Artificial intelligence(AI) has been increasingly good at fooling people. A series of photos showing former US president Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people’s attention. ___16___
Created by the AI program Mid-journey, the photos were highly realistic, from the characters’ movements to the surroundings. ___17___ The Washington Post’s technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips. The main idea is to spot the glitches — anything that would look strange in a photo.
___18___ It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers. This is because AI isn’t sure what a “hand” exactly is, according to Popular Science. The data AI uses to learn often show hands and fingers in various gestures, which can be very confusing for AI.
AI-generated images also usually contain details that disobey reality. To spot this, focus on items like accessories. ___19___ If there’s text in an image, such as a newspaper or poster, it’s usually garbled (篡改), even though the text may look realistic from a distance.
The development of AI-generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation. “I think misinformation is going to hit an all-time high,” Jamie Cohen, a digital culture and AI expert in the US, told New York Post. Generating an AI art work is to “create reality”, Cohen argued, adding that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy skills. ___20___
A. They were fake but very convincing.
B. One thing AI is terrible at handling is the background.
C. AI software has a history of generating human hands incorrectly.
D. The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become.
E. However, many details can give away the fact that they are made by AI.
F. If there’s a crowd in the image, people's faces in the background are usually vague.
G. For example, people in an image may be missing earrings or one part of their sunglasses.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. C 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何一眼识破人工智能画作的“破绽”的技巧。
【16题详解】
根据空前的“A series of photos showing former US president Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people’s attention.(近日, 美国前总统唐纳德·特朗普被警方强行逮捕的一系列照片引起了人们的关注。)”可知，上文提到了“一系列照片”的话题，可推测本句会继续围绕这一话题展开，A 选项“They were fake but very convincing.(他们虽然是假的，但却很逼真。)”中的they指代的为空前的“A series of photos”，讲述的是这些照片虽是假的，但是很逼真，符合语境。故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据空前的“Created by the AI program Mid-journey, the photos were highly realistic, from the characters’ movements to the surroundings.(这些照片由人工智能程序Mid-journey制作，从人物的动作到周围环境，都非常逼真。)”可知，这些照片都非常逼真，结合空后的“The Washington Post’s technology write r Shira Ovide shared her tips.(《华盛顿邮报》科技专栏作家希拉·奥维德分享了她的建议。)”可知，科技专栏作家希拉·奥维德分享了她的建议，由此可推断，此空处应起到承上启下的作用，E选项“However, many details can give away the fact that they are made by AI.(然而，许多细节可以泄露它们是由人工智能制作的事实。)”讲述的是有很多细节透露了它是由人工制作的，其中的however为关键信息，过渡到空后科技专栏作家希拉·奥维德分享识破人工智能画作破绽的具体方法。故选 E 项。
【18题详解】
分析语篇可知，整个段落是总分结构。所以此处应为本段的主题句，根据空后的“It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers. This is because AI isn’t sure what a “hand” exactly is, according to Popular Science. The data AI uses to learn often show hands and fingers in various gestures, which can be very confusing for AI. (它有时可以创造出超过五个手指的手。据《大众科学》报道，这是因为人工智能不确定“手”到底是什么。人工智能用来学习的数据经常会以各种手势显示手和手指，这可能会让人工智能感到非常困惑。)”可知, 所举例子都围绕hand这个中心词展开，C选项“AI software has a history of generating human hands incorrectly.(人工智能软件有错误生成人手的历史。)”讲述的内容与本段讲述的内容吻合，且与hand这一主题词一致。故选C项。
【19题详解】
分析语篇可知，整个段落是总分结构，根据主题句“AI-generated images also usually contain details that disobey reality.(人工智能生成的图像通常也包含与现实不符的细节。)”可知，后文所举例子需要与“违背客观现实”这一点相对应，G选项“For example, people in an image may be missing earrings or one part of their sunglasses.(例如，照片中的人可能会丢失耳环或太阳镜的一部分。)”中列举的事例违背了客观现实，与本段的主题一致。故选G 项。
【20题详解】
根据本段主题句“The development of AI-generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation.(人工智能生成艺术的发展也为这些虚假图像如何被用来传播错误信息敲响了警钟。)”可知，AI画作可能会被用来传播虚假信息，这给人类敲响了警钟，应当引起人们的重视，结合空前的“Generating an AI art work is to “create reality”, Cohen argued, adding that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy skills.(科恩认为，制作一件人工智能艺术作品就是“创造现实”，并补充说，能够判断作品是否真实需要很高的媒体素养。)”可知，要想判断作品是否真实需要很高的媒体素养，D选项“The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become.(世界可能还没有准备好接受这些图像变得如此逼真。)”讲述的内容与本段的主题吻合，且与空前内容一致。故选 D 项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Early on the morning of October 13, LaPierre was heading to the Chicago Marathon on the city’s Blue Line L. The ___21___ was full of energized marathoners. Before long, LaPierre noticed a man moving from passenger to passenger, asking for spare ___22___. His behavior struck LaPierre as “really weird,” especially the way he stared down anyone he felt hadn’t ___23___ him enough.
At the Cumberland station, most of the passengers suddenly ___24___ the car. LaPierre rushed out to see what was going on, only to hear ___25___ people shouting that the man asking for money was, in fact, armed and ___26___ people.
As the armed man hopped onto the next train car, LaPierre followed him. “I could not ___27___ knowing there were ___28___ children and people just trying to get to a race,” he says.
The man turned and saw LaPierre, his head down, bull-rushing him. Although the man was far ___29___ and younger, LaPierre crashed into him and managed to pin him ____30____ the closed door. “Once I got a few feet from him, I knew he wouldn’t be able to react fast enough to ____31____ me,” he told the Chicago Sun-Times. The two men fought for the gun — and their ____32____. The man tried pushing past him, but ____33____, LaPierre grabbed the gun and handed it to a passenger. Then the police poured into the train, and LaPierre let them ____34____. He had a marathon to run.
This was not the first time LaPierre had jumped into a(n) ____35____. A few years back, he helped prevent a drugstore robbery. “I just happen to be at the right place at the right moment,” he says.
21. A. coach B. plane C. train D. ship
22. A. seat B. change C. food D. time
23. A. thanked B. paid C. known D. given
24. A. pulled B. fled C. boarded D. started
25. A. encouraged B. disappointed C. panicked D. confused
26. A. begging B. entertaining C. robbing D. dismissing
27. A. walk away B. break in C. step forward D. come along
28. A. careful B. brave C. innocent D. needy
29. A. larger B. thinner C. wiser D. quieter
30. A. off B. against C. beyond D. under
31 A. shoot B. chase C. spot D. miss
32. A. prizes B. funds C. lives D. rights
33. A. naturally B. thankfully C. generally D. unfortunately
34. A. stand by B. back off C. play along D. take over
35. A. race B. fight C. argument D. situation
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是拉皮埃尔（LaPierre）在火车上见义勇为的故事。
【21题详解】
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：火车上挤满了精力充沛的马拉松运动员。A. coach长途汽车；B. plane飞机；C. train火车；D. ship轮船。根据下文中的“As the armed man hopped onto the next train car, LaPierre followed him.”可知，故事发生在一列挤满了要参加马拉松比赛运动员的“火车”上。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，拉皮埃尔注意到一个男人从一个乘客走到另一个乘客，要零钱。A. seat座位；B. change零钱；C. food食物；D. time时间。根据下文中的“only to hear ___5___ people shouting that the man asking for money”可知，这个人向乘客们要“零钱”。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他行为让拉皮埃尔感到“非常奇怪”，尤其是他盯着那些他觉得给他几个钱的人的方式。A. thanked感谢；B. paid支付；C. known知道；D. given给予。根据上文中的“LaPierre noticed a man moving from passenger to passenger, asking for spare ___2___ .”可知，这个人逐个乘客要钱，有的乘客可能没有给他，所以这人就盯着没有“给”他钱的人。故选D项。
24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在坎伯兰车站，大多数乘客突然逃离车厢。A. pulled拉；B. fled逃跑；C. boarded登机；D. started开始。根据下文中的“only to hear ___5___ people shouting that the man asking for money was, in fact, armed and ___6___ people.”可知，车厢的人们看到有人抢劫，所以人们“逃离”这节车厢。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拉皮埃尔冲出去看看发生了什么事，却听到惊慌失措的人们大喊，说这个要钱的人实际上是武装的，正在抢劫。A. encouraged受鼓舞的；B. disappointed失望的；C. panicked惊慌失措的；D. confused迷惑的。根据语境和下文中的“that the man asking for money was, in fact, armed and ___6___ people.”可知，有人抢劫的时候，人们应该是“惊慌失措的”符合语境。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：拉皮埃尔冲出去看看发生了什么事，却听到惊慌失措的人们大喊，说这个要钱的人实际上是武装的，正在抢劫。A. begging乞讨；B. entertaining招待；C. robbing抢劫；D. dismissing解散。根据语境和上文中的“At the Cumberland station, most of the passengers suddenly ___4___ the car.”以及“the man asking for money was, in fact, armed”可知，导致人们四处逃散，并且还全副武装好的人很可能是在“抢劫”乘客。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他说：“我不能明知那里有无辜的孩子和人们，自己只是想参加比赛就走开。”A. walk away走开；B. break in闯入；C. step forward向前；D. come along走过来。根据语境和下文中的“knowing there were ___8___ children and people just trying to get to a race”可知，这是拉皮埃尔向人们讲述事情的经过，他说他不能知道有一些无辜的人在车上，自己不管不顾就“走开”去参赛。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我不能明知那里有无辜的孩子和人们，自己只是想参加比赛就走开。”A. careful小心的；B. brave勇敢的；C. innocent无辜的；D. needy贫困的。根据语境可知，在有人抢劫的车上，孩子与其他人都是“无辜的”符合语境。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管这名男子块头大得多，也年轻得多，但拉皮埃尔还是撞上了他，并把他按在了紧闭的门上。A. larger大的；B. thinner瘦的；C. wiser明智的；D. quieter安静的。根据上文中的although可知，此处应为让步状语从句，结合下文中的“and younger”可知，此处说明抢劫者应该比拉皮埃尔块头“大”而且年轻，由此更表明拉皮埃尔的勇敢无畏。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管这名男子块头大得多，也年轻得多，但拉皮埃尔还是撞上了他，并把他按在了紧闭门上。A. off关闭；B. against紧靠在；C. beyond超越；D. under在……之下。根据语境和上文中的“managed to pin him”以及下文中的“the closed door.”可知，此处指的是拉皮埃尔成功地把抢劫者“紧靠在”关闭的门上按住。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对《芝加哥太阳时报》说：“当我离他几英尺远的时候，我知道他的反应不够快，无法向我开枪。”A. shoot射击；B. chase追逐；C. spot发现；D. miss思念。根据下文中的“The two men fought for the gun — and their ___12___ .”可知，她们两人在争抢手枪，所以此处指的是“射击”符合语境。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个人为了那把枪和他们生命而搏斗。A. prizes奖品；B. funds基金；C. lives生命；D. rights权力。根据上文中的“The two men fought for the gun”可知，两个人在为枪而斗在一起，也是为了他们自己的“生命”而斗，因为枪可能造成人命。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那名男子试图推开他，但谢天谢地，拉皮埃尔抓住了枪，递给了一名乘客。A. naturally自然地；B. thankfully感激地；C. generally一般地；D. unfortunately不幸地。根据语境和下文中的“LaPierre grabbed the gun and handed it to a passenger.”可知，拉皮埃尔最终夺下手枪，交给了另外一名乘客，作者为拉皮埃尔感到庆幸，所以此处应是“感谢地，感激地”符合语境。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后警察涌进了火车，拉皮埃尔让他们接管了。A. stand by靠边站；B. back off退缩；C. play along假意顺从；D. take over接管。根据语境和上文中的“Then the police poured into the train”可知，警察到达现场后，应该是将抢劫者移交给警察，所以此处为“接管”符合语境。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这已经不是拉皮埃尔第一次卷入打斗中了。A. race比赛；B. fight打仗，战斗；C. argument辩论；D. situation局面。根据下文中的“A few years back, he helped prevent a drugstore robbery.”可知，拉皮埃尔曾帮助阻止过一次抢劫案，所以此处指的是他不止一次的被卷入“打斗”中。故选B项。
第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题1.5分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Featuring a big head and a big round belly, a robot named after Rongbao, the panda mascot (吉祥物) of the Chengdu World University Games, or the Universiade, ___36___(draw) widespread attention this summer.
Rongbao is a service robot ___37___ emergency functions. It can deliver first-aid kits, AEDs— portable, lifesaving devicesdesigned to treat people experiencing sudden cardiac arrest (心脏骤停) and other ___38___ (medicine) tools.
Zhang Ruirui, chairing the company ___39___ developed the robot, said his team ___40___ (think) about how to apply new technologies to the Universiade for a long time. After visiting the venues of the Games, they found the number of AEDs was limited. “If an emergency occurs, people won’t be able to ___41___ (immediate) find the equipment,” Zhang said. “The Rongbao robot solves the problem perfectly.”
Rongbao also has other functions such as language interpretation and providing directions. The robot has mastered multiple languages — English, Japanese and so on. Cameras ___42___(install) beneath its feet enable it to detect obstacles and avoid them when guiding athletes and spectators.
Zhang said, “The Universiade, has provided ___43___ opportunity for domestic artificial intelligence companies ___44___ (present) their products and communicate with the world.” Actually, the ____45____ (apply) of modern technologies has become a major characteristic of the event.
【答案】36. drew
37. with 38. medical
39. that##which
40. had been thinking##had thought
41. immediately
42. installed
43. an 44. to present
45. application
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道的是成都世界大学生运动会吉祥物“蓉宝”机器人的相关情况。
【36题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：今年夏天，一个以成都世界大学生运动会熊猫吉祥物蓉宝命名的大脑袋圆肚子机器人引起了广泛关注。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语this summer，可知，动作发生在过去，使用一般过去时，且draw与句子主语之间为主动关系。故填drew。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：蓉宝是一个具有应急功能的服务机器人。根据句意可知，此处表示的是“具有”，应用介词with。故填with。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它可以提供急救箱、AED(用于治疗心脏骤停患者的便携式救生设备)和其他医疗工具。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词tools，medicine的形容词为medical，意为“医疗的”，符合句意。故填medical。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：开发该机器人的公司董事长张睿睿表示，他的团队长期以来一直在考虑如何将新技术应用于大运会。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词company指的是物，所以使用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
【40题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：开发该机器人的公司董事长张睿睿表示，他的团队长期以来一直在考虑如何将新技术应用于大运会。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据句中said可知，主句使用一般过去时，且结合语意，think发生在said之前，为“过去的过去”，从句应用过去完成时，即had thought，结合句意可知，此处也可以理解为“他们团队一直在思考这个问题”，强调动作从过去的过去一直持续，所以此处也可使用过去完成进行时，即had been thinking。故填had been thinking/had thought。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：“如果发生紧急情况，人们将无法立即找到设备，”张睿睿说。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词find，immediate的副词为immediately 意为“立刻，马上”，符合句意。故填immediately。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：安装在它脚下的摄像头使它能够探测障碍物并在引导运动员和观众时避开它们。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词cameras，install与cameras之间为被动关系，且该动作已经完成，所以此处使用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填installed。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：张睿睿说：“大运会为国内人工智能公司提供了一个展示产品并与世界交流的机会。” 分析句子结构可知，opportunity为可数名词单数，其前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意可知，此处表示“一个机会”为泛指，所以使用不定冠词，opportunity是元音音素开头的单词，前边应用an。故填an。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：张睿睿说：“大运会为国内人工智能公司提供了一个展示产品并与世界交流的机会。” 分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，所以使用不定式形式作目的状语，且表示主动意义。 故填to present。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：事实上，现代技术的应用已经成为这次活动的一个主要特征。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作主语，apply的名词为application意为“应用”，根据谓语动词has become可知，此处应使用单数形式。故填application。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分 15分)
46. 假定你是李华，上周末在回家的途中，把外教 Mr. Thompson 借给你的一本诗集弄丢了。现在请你给 Mr. Thompson 写一封道歉信，要点如下：
1. 解释并表达歉意；
2. 提出解决的办法；
3.再次道歉并请求原谅。
参考词汇：诗集 poetry collection
注意：1.词数80 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Thompson,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Thompson,
I am writing to extend my sincerest apologies regarding the regrettable incident that occurred last weekend, where I unintentionally lost the poetry collection you lent me.
Fully aware of the emotional value and significance of the book to you, I deeply regret the inconvenience and disappointment my actions may have caused. In an earnest effort to correct the situation, I have retraced my route and conducted a thorough search, yet, unfortunately, I have thus far been unable to recover it. Nevertheless, I am more than willing to remedy this loss by personally purchasing a brand-new copy of the exact edition, or alternatively, by buying any book of your preference as compensation.
Once again, I sincerely apologize for my oversight and any trouble caused, and I hope you can find it in your heart to forgive me.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr. Thompson写一封道歉信，解释一下把诗集弄丢并表达歉意，同时提出解决的办法并请求原谅。
【详解】1.词汇积累
发生：occur →happen
执行：conduct →carry out
不幸地：unfortunately →unluckily
购买：purchase →buy
2.句式拓展
形容词作状语变状语从句
原句：Fully aware of the emotional value and significance of the book to you, I deeply regret the inconvenience and disappointment my actions may have caused.
拓展句：BecauseI am fully aware of the emotional value and significance of the book to you, I deeply regret the inconvenience and disappointment my actions may have caused.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to extend my sincerest apologies regarding the regrettable incident that occurred last weekend, where I unintentionally lost the poetry collection you lent me.（运用了that引导的定语从句，where引导的非限制性定语从句，省略that引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Once again, I sincerely apologize for my oversight and any trouble caused, and I hope you can find it in your heart to forgive me.（运用了省略that引导的宾语从句，和过去分词作后置定语）
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There is a story from many years ago of a primary school teacher. Her name was Rose.
On the first day of school, as Rose looked out over her new fifth grade class, her attention was immediately drawn to two boys, Mark and Charlie. Mark had a high energy that filled the room, his voice echoing even in casual conversations. He laughed loudest and answered questions with enthusiasm that was impossible to ignore. Charlie, Mark’s partner-in-crime, had a naughty grin and a twinkle in his eyes. Together, they were perfect.
While Mark would com mand attention with his tales, Charlie would comment cleverly, making the whole class burst into laughter. Rose could already tell that these two would keep her on her toes. She smiled to herself, though, ready for an eventful year ahead. She knew she had to find a way to channel their energy positively, turning their enthusiasm into a driving force for learning.
One day, Rose had a unique assignment for her students. She asked them to list each classmate's name on two sheets, leaving gaps between. Next, she instructed them to write down the nicest thing they could think of for each student. The assignment consumed the whole period. As they left, each student handed in their papers.
Over the weekend, Rose wrote down the name of each student on a separate sheet of paper, creating individual lists for every student. On Monday, she handed out the lists. Soon, happiness spread across the room. Mark, known for his naughty behavior, looked astonished. “I had no idea I mattered to anyone,” he whispered, visibly moved. Beside him, Charlie, Mark’s partner- in-crime, said similarly.“I never realized others thought so highly of me.”
No one ever mentioned those lists in class again. Rose never found out if they discussed them after class or with their parents, but it didn't matter.
注意: 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The atmosphere in the classroom shifted, especially Mark and Charlie.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On a bright afternoon years later, two gentlemen knocked at Rose’s door, holding the lists.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The atmosphere in the classroom shifted, especially Mark and Charlie. Mark started setting up study groups, and even volunteered to organize school events, where he was busy seeking opinions and looking up for guidance. Charlie, on the other hand, emerged as a thoughtful contributor in discussions, revealing insights that often left the class in awe. Their transformation was evident not only in their academic performance but also in their interactions. The mischievous duo, once the source of relentless energy and disruption, began to channel their enthusiasm into constructive outlets. The list had served as a mirror, reflecting the positive qualities others saw in them, qualities they had previously been unaware of.
On a bright afternoon years later, two gentlemen knocked at Rose’s door, holding the lists. Rose, a bit puzzled, opened the door to see two familiar faces, now grown and matured. It was Mark and Charlie. “Miss Rose,” Mark began, his voice still holding that trace of energy she remembered, “we wanted to thank you personally.” He held up the aged list, edges frayed but words still clear.Charlie continued, “These lists were a turning point for us. Knowing we mattered, and that we had value in others’eyes changed our paths.” Seeing the profound impact a simple classroom activity had left on them, Rose smiled.
【解析】
【分析】本文以两个学生的表现为线索展开，讲述了Rose老师在她的五年级的第一天的课堂上，Mark和Charlie的活跃表现引起了她的注意，一天，她给学生们布置了一个任务，让同学们写出他们认为的每一位同学的最好的事情，正是学生们之间的评价改变Mark和Charlie的人生之路的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“教室里的气氛变了，尤其是Mark和Charlie。”可知，第一段可描写在这次任务之后，Mark和Charlie各自发生了什么变化而导致教室氛围的变化。
②由第二段首句内容“几年后的一个晴朗的下午，两位先生拿着单子敲了罗斯的门。”可知，第二段可描写Mark和Charlie找Rose老师的目的是什么，他们都做了些什么。
2.续写线索：教室气氛改变——Mark的表现——Charlie的表现——几年后又见老师——表达感激——Rose老师的感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①建立，成立：set up/establish/found
②出现：emerge/show up/turn up
③寻找：seek/look for/search for
情绪类
①迷茫：puzzled/confused/bewildered
②感谢：thank/show gratitude
【点睛】[高分句型1]Mark started setting up study groups, and even volunteered to organize school events, where he was busy seeking opinions and looking up for guidance. （运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]Their transformation was evident not only in their academic performance but also in their interactions. （运用了not only…but also…连接并列结构）
[高分句型3]. Seeing the profound impact a simple classroom activity had left on them, Rose smiled. （运用了现在分词短语作状语）
重庆市第八中学 2024届高考适应性月考卷(一)
英 语
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、 准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want his pie served with?
A. Cream. B. Cheese. C. Nothing.
2. Who is the woman probably?
A. A customer. B. An eye specialist. C. An online shop owner.
3. Which jeans will the boy wear?
A. The white ones. B. The black ones. C. The blue ones.
4. What does the man think of the woman's hair?
A. Short hair suits her. B. She should grow it long. C. Her hair grows slowly.
5. How many times has the man seen the singer?
A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times.
第二节 (共15 小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话， 回答第 6 和第7题。
6. Where are the speakers?
A. In Scotland. B. In Italy. C. In India.
7. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Travel tips.
B. Gestures in different cultures.
C. Interesting traditions in Europe.
听下面一段对话， 回答第8至第10题。
8. Where do abandoned bikes become a major problem?
A. Outside the subway station.
B. Outside the shopping mall.
C. In the park.
9. How is the woman related to the man?
A. She's his mother. B. She's his sister. C. She's his neighbor.
10. What bike did the woman have as a child?
A. A hired one. B. A new one. C. A used one.
听下面一段对话， 回答第11至第13题。
11. What does Joe probably prefer to read?
A. Poems. B. Horror fiction. C. Nature books.
12. What does Jane think of Stray Birds?
A. Meaningful. B. Interesting. C. Boring.
13. What day is it today?
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Saturday.
听下面一段对话，回答第14 至第16题。
14. What are the speakers talking about?
A. How to recycle. B. Why to recycle. C. What to be recycled.
15. How does the woman recycle newspapers?
A. By cleaning tables.
B. By wrapping bottles and cans.
C. By starting a fire for her fireplace.
16. What do we know about the man?
A. He washes his windows twice a year.
B. He often warms himself with a fireplaçe.
C. He will take useless things to the recycling centre.
听下面一段独白， 回答第17至第20题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Higher education in the U S.
B. The life of students in the U. S.
C. U. S. students and their future jobs.
18. What jobs do American graduate students hope to find?
A. Those that are quite special.
B. Those that are very challenging.
C. Those that are interesting and well-paid.
19. What is the graduate students' life like in America?
A. Meaningful. B. Tough. C. Interesting.
20. What do most American graduate students think of spending time on their studies?
A. It is unnecessary. B. It will pay off. C. I t is not rewarding.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Benefiting from the 5,000 years history, many ancient cities exist in the vast land of China. Here are 4 ancient cities in China and each has their unique features.
Shangqiu Ancient City
●History: 4,000 years
●Opening Hours: 08:00-17:30 in winter; 08:00-18: 00 in summer
●Ticket Price: ¥70 per combo ticket (组合票)
Situated in the Yellow River Valley, Shangqiu area is considered the birthplace of Chinese civilization. The best time to visit it is around the Chinese New Year, when the grandest temple fair at Shangqiu is held to worship the God of Fire.
Ancient City of Pingyao
●History: 2,700 years
●Opening Hours: 08: 00-17: 30
●Ticket Price: Free entry
It has no charming landscape, green mountains or clear waters. What is unique there is the well-pre served ancient city with a grand City Wall, traditional residences, time-honored shops, and even the previous government office.
Fenghuang Ancient Town
●History: 467 years
●Opening Hours: all day;08: 00-17: 30 for Tuo River day cruise;18: 00-22: 30 for night cruise
●Ticket Price: Free entry
Constructed in 1556, Fenghuang Ancient Town is another historical city in China known for ethnic diversity. Generations of Miao, Tujia and Han people live here, and it now accommodates28 ethnic groups in total.
Huizhou Ancient City
●History: 2,240 years
●Opening Hours: 08: 00-17: 00
●Ticket Price: ¥95 for one adult; ¥140 for one adult and one child; ¥230 for two adults and one child. Huizhou Ancient City is famous for its unique architectural style since the old days. The Huizhou-style building is one of the most important architectural schools in China, using bricks, wood, and stones as the raw materials.
1. Which of the four towns has the longest history?
A. Shangqiu Ancient City. B. Ancient City of Pingyao.
C. Huizhou Ancient City. D. Fenghuang Ancient Town.
2. What do Ancient City of Pingyao and Fenghuang Ancient Town have in common?
A. Various ethnic minorities. B. Free Admission.
C. Abundant natural beauty. D. The same opening hours.
3. How much will a family of a couple and a child pay for Huizhou Ancient City?
A. ¥95. B. ¥140. C. ¥230. D. ¥235.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了中国四个古城以及它们的历史、游览时间和门票等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Shangqiu Ancient City中的“History: 4,000 years(4,000年历史)”、Ancient City of Pingyao中的“History: 2,700 years(2,700年历史)”、Fenghuang Ancient Town中的“History: 467 years(467年历史)”以及Huizhou Ancient City中的“History: 2,240 years(2,240年历史)”可知，对比四座古镇发现，商丘古镇历史最为悠久，为4,000年的历史。故选 A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ancient City of Pingyao中的“Ticket Price: Free entry(票价：免费入场)”和Fenghuang Ancient Town中的“Ticket Price: Free entry(票价：免费入场)”可知，平遥古镇和凤凰古城都是免费入城。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Huizhou Ancient City中的“Ticket Price: ¥95 for one adult; ¥140 for one adult and one child; ¥230 for two adults and one child(票价：成人95元；成人1人、儿童1人140元；2名成人和1名儿童230元)”可知，一对夫妇，即两名成年人和一个孩子共支付230元。故选C项。
B
Many people love online shopping. It’s the fastest way to buy the latest trends for food, clothes and games. But a life of convenience is not possible, however, without the combined efforts of the country’s massagers. Zhang Yu, a deliveryman in Wuhan, is one of them. For him, working is not only a means for survival, but also a chance for him to serve others.
After serving in the army for a few years, Zhang joined the SF Express Tangjiadun station in Wuhan in 2019. When Zhang distributes packages, he often carefully records the daily habits of the recipients. For example, he knows which clients have babies and need a longer afternoon rest, the households with only seniors, and the time that the office workers are available. He considers all of these factors when arranging for deliveries.
But what has put Zhang into the spotlight is his heroic acts, which led to him winning the China Youth May Fourth Medal in 2022. In December 2021, Zhang encountered a fire in a residential building while on his way to collect some deliveries. After squeezing into the crowd, Zhang found two adults and a crying child standing helplessly on a third-floor balcony, waiting desperately for rescue. At that moment, Zhang called on his military experience to climb up to the second floor. From there, he was able to save the family, bringing each member of the family down one by one.
When onlookers cheered for him, he simply rode off on his motorbike without any word. It was only after the video of his good deed went viral on Douyin that people knew it was Zhang Yu. Many people have since called him a hero. But talking about the event, Zhang simply said, “I’m not a hero. I just did what a kind man would do.”
4. What is special about Zhang Yu as a deliveryman?
A. He delivers packages very quickly.
B. He delivers only to certain households.
C. He avoids delivering during working hours.
D. He pays attention to his clients’ daily habits.
5. What led to Zhang Yu winning the China Youth May Fourth Medal in 2022?
A. His brave deed. B. His efficient delivery.
C. His wonderful memory. D. His strong determination.
6. How did Zhang Yu rescue the family trapped in the fire?
A. By calling the fire rescue service.
B. By asking other people for help.
C. By drawing on his military experience.
D. By offering them tools to escape.
7. Which of the following best describes the personality of Zhang Yu?
A. Fearless and considerate. B. Ambitious and humorous.
C. Modest and outgoing. D. Tolerant and reliable.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是快递员张裕习惯记下客户的习惯，乐于助人，在火灾中奋不顾身救人的故事，弘扬了正能量。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When Zhang distributes packages, he often carefully records the daily habits of the recipients.(当张裕送包裹时，他经常仔细记录收件人的日常习惯。)”可知，在送包裹时，他习惯性地记录收件人的日常习惯，由此可知，他的特别之处是关注客户的日常习惯。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But what has put Zhang into the spotlight is his heroic acts, which led to him winning the China Youth May Fourth Medal in 2022.(但真正让张裕成为公众关注焦点的是他的英雄行为，这让他在2022年获得了中国青年五四奖章。)”并结合下文中他在火灾中救出一家人的事迹可知，是他的英雄事迹让他赢得了2022年的中国青年五四奖章。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At that moment, Zhang called on his military experience to climb up to the second floor. From there, he was able to save the family, bringing each member of the family down one by one.(就在那一刻，张裕凭借自己的部队经验爬上了二楼。从那里，他能够拯救这个家庭，把每个家庭成员一个接一个救了下来。)”可知，张裕见到火灾发生，在当时马上凭借着自己在部队的经验爬上二楼救出这一家人，由此可知，是他的部队经验让他救出被困的一家人。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For example, he knows which clients have babies and need a longer afternoon rest, the households with only seniors, and the time that the office workers are available. He considers all of these factors when arranging for deliveries.(例如，他知道哪些客户有孩子，需要更长的下午休息时间，哪些家庭只有老人，以及办公室工作人员有空的时间。在安排送货时，他会考虑所有这些因素。)”可知，张裕根据自己记录的信息了解很多客户日常，在安排送货时考虑这些相关的因素，说明他很体贴周到，根据第三段中的“At that moment, Zhang called on his military experience to climb up to the second floor. From there, he was able to save the family, bringing each member of the family down one by one. (就在那一刻，张裕凭借自己的部队经验爬上了二楼。从那里，他能够拯救这个家庭，把每个家庭成员一个接一个救了下来。)”可知，在发现居民楼发生火灾时，他凭借自己在部队的经验，爬上二楼并救下被困的一家人，由此可知，他非常的无畏，综上信息可知，张裕是一个体贴周到又无畏的人。故选A项。
C
There have been assumptions about possible detrimental long-term consequences of school closures on young children and adolescents, but now a new study published in the journal Scientific Reports provides convincing evidence that the mental health of school children was damaged by school closures during the pandemic.
The study surveyed 907 adolescents and their parents in Germany between May and June of 2020. Depression and psychosomatic symptoms were evaluated, in addition to other aspects of mental health. Telephone call volume to German youth crisis helplines was also analyzed. Both sets of data found higher depression and psychosomatic symptoms, particularly among boys, younger children, and adolescents, especially those living in homes with limited space. The research suggests that increased pressure on families forced to adapt to new work, school, and family life situations during the pandemic school closures promoted the increase in mental health problems in school children.
Not all children suffered the effects equally. Young children suffered the most from the pressure caused by school closures. Boys coped much worse with school closures than girls. The effects were strongest in school-aged children living in homes that had limited living space. That factor supports the conclusion that family living stresses promoted the decline in mental health.
Disrupting daily routine and social interactions do damage to the mental health of school children, the researchers conclude. Given the obvious importance of wholesome daily routine in family life and the value of health y social interactions in nurturing the well-being of children, it is not surprising that kids’ mental health suffered when their schools were closed for long periods and their family life was greatly changed.
COVID-19 is not the first, nor will it be the last serious infectious disease sweeping the globe. These new findings will be valuable in deciding how best to manage such outbreaks in the future.
8. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph1 mean?
A. Harmful. B. Improper. C. Beneficial. D. Desirable.
9. How did the researchers carry out their study?
A. By making telephone calls.
B. By consulting a former study.
C. By analyzing different groups of data.
D. By examining teenagers’ physical activities.
10. Who has suffered most from school closures?
A. Boys with severe mental problems.
B. Kids engaging in many social interactions.
C. Teenagers with disturbed daily routines.
D. Adolescents lacking adequate living space.
11. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. COVID-19 School Closures Harmed Children’s Well-being
B. COVID-19 Remains A Major Threat To School-aged Children
C. Mental Health Problems Greatly Increased After The Pandemic
D. The Closure of Schools Has Affected School Children’s Performance
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了最新一项研究结果：新冠疫情期间学校的关闭损害了青少年的心理健康。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段后半句“but now a new study published in the journal Scientific Reports provides convincing evidence that the mental health of school children was damaged by school closures during the pandemic.(但现在发表在《科学报告》杂志上的一项新研究提供了令人信服的证据，表明大流行病期间学校关闭损害了学龄儿童的心理健康)”可知，研究发现，学校关闭对青少年的心理健康是有害的，而该单词所在的句子是猜测学校长期关闭对青少年心里健康可能是如何的，由此可知，该单词的意思应该是“有害的”，与harmful同义。故选 A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Depression and psychosomatic symptoms were evaluated, in addition to other aspects of men tal health. Telephone call volume to German youth crisis helplines was also analyzed.(除了男性心理健康的其他方面外，还对抑郁症和心身症状进行了评估。对德国青年危机求助热线的电话数量也进行了分析)”可知，该研究对抑郁症和心身症状进行了评估，也对德国青少年求助热线的数量进行了分析，由此可知，该研究通过分析两方面的数据得出了后面的结论。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The effects were strongest in school-aged children living in homes that had limited living space.(这种影响在生活在空间有限家庭中的学龄儿童中最为严重)”可知，生活空间有限的家庭中，这种影响最严重，由此可知，家里没有足够生活空间的孩子最容易受到学校关闭的影响。故选 D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“now a new study published in the journal Scientific Reports provides convincing evidence that the mental health of school children was damaged by school closures during the pandemic.(现在，发表在《科学报告》杂志上的一项新研究提供了令人信服的证据，表明大流行病期间学校关闭损害了学龄儿童的心理健康)”并结合下文中介绍的研究方法、研究发现、最受影响的群体以及受影响的原因可知，本文围绕新冠疫情期间学校的关闭损害了青少年的心理健康这一研究结果展开，所以“新冠疫情期间学校停课损害了青少年的健康”与本文的内容一致，且概括了文章的主题。故选 A项。
D
The Yurok people have lived along the Klamath River, which flows from the Cascades in Oregon southwest through Northern California, for thousands of years, protecting the region and river from which they — and others — draw sustenance (生计).
But as development and pollution continue to reduce the number of fish in the river and the quantity and quality of its waters, the Yurok Tribe is legalizing (合法化) the tribe’s longstanding care by granting the Rights of Personhood to the Klamath, the first river in North America to have such rights declared.
The Yurok Tribal Council’s May 2019 resolution means the river has the same legal rights as a human under tribal law. This order allows people to bring law cases on behalf of the river when its rights are violated. According to the resolution, the tribe’s intention is to provide a legal basis for safeguarding the river and its ecosystem, especially in the face of water diversion, industrial pollution, and climate change impacts, among other threats. In a testimony (证词) delivered to the U. S. House of Representatives in October 2019, Yurok Tribe Vice Chairman Frankie Myers said this legal framework could create a path to ward a more thoughtful view of the rights of nature in other communities and courts, and that any money awarded by the Yurok courts will fund cleanup and restoration projects to remedy the litigated harms.
The Yurok Tribe’s resolution draws lessons from the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and echoes the efforts of other Indigenous tribes, including the White Earth Band of Ojibwe, which adopted the Rights of wild rice, in December 2018. “This is a very important step forward in the Rights of Nature movement,” Mari Margil, Associate Director of the Community Environmental Legal Defense Fund commented.
12. Which of the following can be used to describe Yurok people?
A. A conqueror. B. A guardian. C. A governor. D. A consumer.
13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The process of legalization. B. The tradition of Yurok tribe.
C. The reason behind the legalization. D. The importance of the Klamath River.
14. What does the law aim to do?
A. Win an award in cleanup projects.
B. Protect the personhood of the river.
C. Fight against global water pollution.
D. Improve the government legal system.
15. What can we learn from Yurok Tribe according to the last paragraph?
A. Time and tide wait for no man.
B. Birds of a feather flock together.
C. Past experience is a guide for the future.
D. All things are difficult before they are easy.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一直生活在克拉马斯河沿岸的尤洛克人为了保护他们赖以生存的地区和河流，为该河流通过法案，使其与人类享有同等的法律权利。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The Yurok people have lived along the Klamath River, which flows from the Cascades in Oregon southwest through Northern California, for thousands of years, protecting the region and river from which they — and others — draw sustenance (生计).(几千年来，尤洛克人一直生活在克拉马斯河沿岸，这条河从俄勒冈州西南部的喀斯喀特山脉流过北加州，保护着他们和其他人赖以生存的地区和河流)”可知，几千年来，尤洛克人一直生活在克拉马斯河沿岸，保护着他们和其他人赖以生存的地区和河流，由此可知，他们扮演着“守护者”的角色。故选B项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“But as development and pollution continue to reduce the number of fish in the river and the quantity and quality of its waters, the Yurok Tribe is legalizing (合法化) the tribe’s longstanding care by granting the Rights of Personhood to the Klamath, the first river in North America to have such rights declared.(但是，随着开发和污染不断减少河中鱼类的数量，以及河水的数量和质量，尤洛克部落通过授予克拉马斯河人格权利，将部落长期以来的照顾合法化，这是北美第一条宣布拥有这种权利的河流)”可知，随着开发和污染的持续，尤洛克部落将部落长期以来的照顾合法化，由此可知，本段主要讲述了这一举措的背景。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Yurok Tribal Council’s May 2019 resolution means the river has the same legal rights as a human under tribal law. This order allows people to bring law cases on behalf of the river when its rights are violated.(尤洛克部落理事会2019年5月的决议意味着，根据部落法，这条河与人类拥有同样的法律权利。该命令允许人们在河流权利受到侵犯时代表河流提起法律诉讼)”可知，颁布法律的目的是使这条河与人类拥有同样的法律权利，这样河流的个性才能得以保护。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Yurok Tribe’s resolution draws lessons from the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and echoes the efforts of other Indigenous tribes, including the White Earth Band of Ojibwe, which adopted the Rights of wild rice, in December 2018.(尤洛克部落的决议吸取了《联合国土著人民权利宣言》的教训，并呼应了其他土著部落的努力，包括于2018年12月通过野生水稻权利的奥吉布韦白色地球带)”可知，尤洛克部落的决议吸取了《联合国土著人民权利宣言》的教训，并呼应了其他土著部落的努力，由此可推知，过去的经验是未来的指南。故选C项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Artificial intelligence(AI) has been increasingly good at fooling people. A series of photos showing former US president Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people’s attention. ___16___
Created by the AI program Mid-journey, the photos were highly realistic, from the characters’ movements to the surroundings. ___17___ The Washington Post’s technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips. The main idea is to spot the glitches — anything that would look strange in a photo.
___18___ It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers. This is because AI isn’t sure what a “hand” exactly is, according to Popular Science. The data AI uses to learn often show hands and fingers in various gestures, which can be very confusing for AI.
AI-generated images also usually contain details that disobey reality. To spot this, focus on items like accessories. ___19___ If there’s text in an image, such as a newspaper or poster, it’s usually garbled (篡改), even though the text may look realistic from a distance.
The development of AI-generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation. “I think misinformation is going to hit an all-time high,” Jamie Cohen, a digital culture and AI expert in the US, told New York Post. Generating an AI art work is to “create reality”, Cohen argued, adding that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy skills. ___20___
A. They were fake but very convincing.
B. One thing AI is terrible at handling is the background.
C. AI software has a history of generating human hands incorrectly.
D. The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become.
E. However, many details can give away the fact that they are made by AI.
F. If there’s a crowd in the image, people's faces in the background are usually vague.
G. For example, people in an image may be missing earrings or one part of their sunglasses.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. C 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何一眼识破人工智能画作的“破绽”的技巧。
【16题详解】
根据空前的“A series of photos showing former US president Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people’s attention.(近日, 美国前总统唐纳德·特朗普被警方强行逮捕的一系列照片引起了人们的关注。)”可知，上文提到了“一系列照片”的话题，可推测本句会继续围绕这一话题展开，A 选项“They were fake but very convincing.(他们虽然是假的，但却很逼真。)”中的they指代的为空前的“A series of photos”，讲述的是这些照片虽是假的，但是很逼真，符合语境。故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据空前的“Created by the AI program Mid-journey, the photos were highly realistic, from the characters’ movements to the surroundings.(这些照片由人工智能程序Mid-journey制作，从人物的动作到周围环境，都非常逼真。)”可知，这些照片都非常逼真，结合空后的“The Washington Post’s technology write r Shira Ovide shared her tips.(《华盛顿邮报》科技专栏作家希拉·奥维德分享了她的建议。)”可知，科技专栏作家希拉·奥维德分享了她的建议，由此可推断，此空处应起到承上启下的作用，E选项“However, many details can give away the fact that they are made by AI.(然而，许多细节可以泄露它们是由人工智能制作的事实。)”讲述的是有很多细节透露了它是由人工制作的，其中的however为关键信息，过渡到空后科技专栏作家希拉·奥维德分享识破人工智能画作破绽的具体方法。故选 E 项。
【18题详解】
分析语篇可知，整个段落是总分结构。所以此处应为本段的主题句，根据空后的“It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers. This is because AI isn’t sure what a “hand” exactly is, according to Popular Science. The data AI uses to learn often show hands and fingers in various gestures, which can be very confusing for AI. (它有时可以创造出超过五个手指的手。据《大众科学》报道，这是因为人工智能不确定“手”到底是什么。人工智能用来学习的数据经常会以各种手势显示手和手指，这可能会让人工智能感到非常困惑。)”可知, 所举例子都围绕hand这个中心词展开，C选项“AI software has a history of generating human hands incorrectly.(人工智能软件有错误生成人手的历史。)”讲述的内容与本段讲述的内容吻合，且与hand这一主题词一致。故选C项。
【19题详解】
分析语篇可知，整个段落是总分结构，根据主题句“AI-generated images also usually contain details that disobey reality.(人工智能生成的图像通常也包含与现实不符的细节。)”可知，后文所举例子需要与“违背客观现实”这一点相对应，G选项“For example, people in an image may be missing earrings or one part of their sunglasses.(例如，照片中的人可能会丢失耳环或太阳镜的一部分。)”中列举的事例违背了客观现实，与本段的主题一致。故选G 项。
【20题详解】
根据本段主题句“The development of AI-generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation.(人工智能生成艺术的发展也为这些虚假图像如何被用来传播错误信息敲响了警钟。)”可知，AI画作可能会被用来传播虚假信息，这给人类敲响了警钟，应当引起人们的重视，结合空前的“Generating an AI art work is to “create reality”, Cohen argued, adding that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy skills.(科恩认为，制作一件人工智能艺术作品就是“创造现实”，并补充说，能够判断作品是否真实需要很高的媒体素养。)”可知，要想判断作品是否真实需要很高的媒体素养，D选项“The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become.(世界可能还没有准备好接受这些图像变得如此逼真。)”讲述的内容与本段的主题吻合，且与空前内容一致。故选 D 项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Early on the morning of October 13, LaPierre was heading to the Chicago Marathon on the city’s Blue Line L. The ___21___ was full of energized marathoners. Before long, LaPierre noticed a man moving from passenger to passenger, asking for spare ___22___. His behavior struck LaPierre as “really weird,” especially the way he stared down anyone he felt hadn’t ___23___ him enough.
At the Cumberland station, most of the passengers suddenly ___24___ the car. LaPierre rushed out to see what was going on, only to hear ___25___ people shouting that the man asking for money was, in fact, armed and ___26___ people.
As the armed man hopped onto the next train car, LaPierre followed him. “I could not ___27___ knowing there were ___28___ children and people just trying to get to a race,” he says.
The man turned and saw LaPierre, his head down, bull-rushing him. Although the man was far ___29___ and younger, LaPierre crashed into him and managed to pin him ____30____ the closed door. “Once I got a few feet from him, I knew he wouldn’t be able to react fast enough to ____31____ me,” he told the Chicago Sun-Times. The two men fought for the gun — and their ____32____. The man tried pushing past him, but ____33____, LaPierre grabbed the gun and handed it to a passenger. Then the police poured into the train, and LaPierre let them ____34____. He had a marathon to run.
This was not the first time LaPierre had jumped into a(n) ____35____. A few years back, he helped prevent a drugstore robbery. “I just happen to be at the right place at the right moment,” he says.
21. A. coach B. plane C. train D. ship
22. A. seat B. change C. food D. time
23. A. thanked B. paid C. known D. given
24. A. pulled B. fled C. boarded D. started
25. A. encouraged B. disappointed C. panicked D. confused
26. A. begging B. entertaining C. robbing D. dismissing
27. A. walk away B. break in C. step forward D. come along
28. A. careful B. brave C. innocent D. needy
29. A. larger B. thinner C. wiser D. quieter
30. A. off B. against C. beyond D. under
31 A. shoot B. chase C. spot D. miss
32. A. prizes B. funds C. lives D. rights
33. A. naturally B. thankfully C. generally D. unfortunately
34. A. stand by B. back off C. play along D. take over
35. A. race B. fight C. argument D. situation
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是拉皮埃尔（LaPierre）在火车上见义勇为的故事。
【21题详解】
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：火车上挤满了精力充沛的马拉松运动员。A. coach长途汽车；B. plane飞机；C. train火车；D. ship轮船。根据下文中的“As the armed man hopped onto the next train car, LaPierre followed him.”可知，故事发生在一列挤满了要参加马拉松比赛运动员的“火车”上。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，拉皮埃尔注意到一个男人从一个乘客走到另一个乘客，要零钱。A. seat座位；B. change零钱；C. food食物；D. time时间。根据下文中的“only to hear ___5___ people shouting that the man asking for money”可知，这个人向乘客们要“零钱”。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他行为让拉皮埃尔感到“非常奇怪”，尤其是他盯着那些他觉得给他几个钱的人的方式。A. thanked感谢；B. paid支付；C. known知道；D. given给予。根据上文中的“LaPierre noticed a man moving from passenger to passenger, asking for spare ___2___ .”可知，这个人逐个乘客要钱，有的乘客可能没有给他，所以这人就盯着没有“给”他钱的人。故选D项。
24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在坎伯兰车站，大多数乘客突然逃离车厢。A. pulled拉；B. fled逃跑；C. boarded登机；D. started开始。根据下文中的“only to hear ___5___ people shouting that the man asking for money was, in fact, armed and ___6___ people.”可知，车厢的人们看到有人抢劫，所以人们“逃离”这节车厢。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拉皮埃尔冲出去看看发生了什么事，却听到惊慌失措的人们大喊，说这个要钱的人实际上是武装的，正在抢劫。A. encouraged受鼓舞的；B. disappointed失望的；C. panicked惊慌失措的；D. confused迷惑的。根据语境和下文中的“that the man asking for money was, in fact, armed and ___6___ people.”可知，有人抢劫的时候，人们应该是“惊慌失措的”符合语境。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：拉皮埃尔冲出去看看发生了什么事，却听到惊慌失措的人们大喊，说这个要钱的人实际上是武装的，正在抢劫。A. begging乞讨；B. entertaining招待；C. robbing抢劫；D. dismissing解散。根据语境和上文中的“At the Cumberland station, most of the passengers suddenly ___4___ the car.”以及“the man asking for money was, in fact, armed”可知，导致人们四处逃散，并且还全副武装好的人很可能是在“抢劫”乘客。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他说：“我不能明知那里有无辜的孩子和人们，自己只是想参加比赛就走开。”A. walk away走开；B. break in闯入；C. step forward向前；D. come along走过来。根据语境和下文中的“knowing there were ___8___ children and people just trying to get to a race”可知，这是拉皮埃尔向人们讲述事情的经过，他说他不能知道有一些无辜的人在车上，自己不管不顾就“走开”去参赛。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我不能明知那里有无辜的孩子和人们，自己只是想参加比赛就走开。”A. careful小心的；B. brave勇敢的；C. innocent无辜的；D. needy贫困的。根据语境可知，在有人抢劫的车上，孩子与其他人都是“无辜的”符合语境。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管这名男子块头大得多，也年轻得多，但拉皮埃尔还是撞上了他，并把他按在了紧闭的门上。A. larger大的；B. thinner瘦的；C. wiser明智的；D. quieter安静的。根据上文中的although可知，此处应为让步状语从句，结合下文中的“and younger”可知，此处说明抢劫者应该比拉皮埃尔块头“大”而且年轻，由此更表明拉皮埃尔的勇敢无畏。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管这名男子块头大得多，也年轻得多，但拉皮埃尔还是撞上了他，并把他按在了紧闭门上。A. off关闭；B. against紧靠在；C. beyond超越；D. under在……之下。根据语境和上文中的“managed to pin him”以及下文中的“the closed door.”可知，此处指的是拉皮埃尔成功地把抢劫者“紧靠在”关闭的门上按住。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对《芝加哥太阳时报》说：“当我离他几英尺远的时候，我知道他的反应不够快，无法向我开枪。”A. shoot射击；B. chase追逐；C. spot发现；D. miss思念。根据下文中的“The two men fought for the gun — and their ___12___ .”可知，她们两人在争抢手枪，所以此处指的是“射击”符合语境。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个人为了那把枪和他们生命而搏斗。A. prizes奖品；B. funds基金；C. lives生命；D. rights权力。根据上文中的“The two men fought for the gun”可知，两个人在为枪而斗在一起，也是为了他们自己的“生命”而斗，因为枪可能造成人命。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那名男子试图推开他，但谢天谢地，拉皮埃尔抓住了枪，递给了一名乘客。A. naturally自然地；B. thankfully感激地；C. generally一般地；D. unfortunately不幸地。根据语境和下文中的“LaPierre grabbed the gun and handed it to a passenger.”可知，拉皮埃尔最终夺下手枪，交给了另外一名乘客，作者为拉皮埃尔感到庆幸，所以此处应是“感谢地，感激地”符合语境。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后警察涌进了火车，拉皮埃尔让他们接管了。A. stand by靠边站；B. back off退缩；C. play along假意顺从；D. take over接管。根据语境和上文中的“Then the police poured into the train”可知，警察到达现场后，应该是将抢劫者移交给警察，所以此处为“接管”符合语境。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这已经不是拉皮埃尔第一次卷入打斗中了。A. race比赛；B. fight打仗，战斗；C. argument辩论；D. situation局面。根据下文中的“A few years back, he helped prevent a drugstore robbery.”可知，拉皮埃尔曾帮助阻止过一次抢劫案，所以此处指的是他不止一次的被卷入“打斗”中。故选B项。
第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题1.5分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Featuring a big head and a big round belly, a robot named after Rongbao, the panda mascot (吉祥物) of the Chengdu World University Games, or the Universiade, ___36___(draw) widespread attention this summer.
Rongbao is a service robot ___37___ emergency functions. It can deliver first-aid kits, AEDs— portable, lifesaving devicesdesigned to treat people experiencing sudden cardiac arrest (心脏骤停) and other ___38___ (medicine) tools.
Zhang Ruirui, chairing the company ___39___ developed the robot, said his team ___40___ (think) about how to apply new technologies to the Universiade for a long time. After visiting the venues of the Games, they found the number of AEDs was limited. “If an emergency occurs, people won’t be able to ___41___ (immediate) find the equipment,” Zhang said. “The Rongbao robot solves the problem perfectly.”
Rongbao also has other functions such as language interpretation and providing directions. The robot has mastered multiple languages — English, Japanese and so on. Cameras ___42___(install) beneath its feet enable it to detect obstacles and avoid them when guiding athletes and spectators.
Zhang said, “The Universiade, has provided ___43___ opportunity for domestic artificial intelligence companies ___44___ (present) their products and communicate with the world.” Actually, the ____45____ (apply) of modern technologies has become a major characteristic of the event.
【答案】36. drew
37. with 38. medical
39. that##which
40. had been thinking##had thought
41. immediately
42. installed
43. an 44. to present
45. application
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道的是成都世界大学生运动会吉祥物“蓉宝”机器人的相关情况。
【36题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：今年夏天，一个以成都世界大学生运动会熊猫吉祥物蓉宝命名的大脑袋圆肚子机器人引起了广泛关注。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语this summer，可知，动作发生在过去，使用一般过去时，且draw与句子主语之间为主动关系。故填drew。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：蓉宝是一个具有应急功能的服务机器人。根据句意可知，此处表示的是“具有”，应用介词with。故填with。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它可以提供急救箱、AED(用于治疗心脏骤停患者的便携式救生设备)和其他医疗工具。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词tools，medicine的形容词为medical，意为“医疗的”，符合句意。故填medical。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：开发该机器人的公司董事长张睿睿表示，他的团队长期以来一直在考虑如何将新技术应用于大运会。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词company指的是物，所以使用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
【40题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：开发该机器人的公司董事长张睿睿表示，他的团队长期以来一直在考虑如何将新技术应用于大运会。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据句中said可知，主句使用一般过去时，且结合语意，think发生在said之前，为“过去的过去”，从句应用过去完成时，即had thought，结合句意可知，此处也可以理解为“他们团队一直在思考这个问题”，强调动作从过去的过去一直持续，所以此处也可使用过去完成进行时，即had been thinking。故填had been thinking/had thought。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：“如果发生紧急情况，人们将无法立即找到设备，”张睿睿说。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词find，immediate的副词为immediately 意为“立刻，马上”，符合句意。故填immediately。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：安装在它脚下的摄像头使它能够探测障碍物并在引导运动员和观众时避开它们。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词cameras，install与cameras之间为被动关系，且该动作已经完成，所以此处使用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填installed。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：张睿睿说：“大运会为国内人工智能公司提供了一个展示产品并与世界交流的机会。” 分析句子结构可知，opportunity为可数名词单数，其前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意可知，此处表示“一个机会”为泛指，所以使用不定冠词，opportunity是元音音素开头的单词，前边应用an。故填an。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：张睿睿说：“大运会为国内人工智能公司提供了一个展示产品并与世界交流的机会。” 分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，所以使用不定式形式作目的状语，且表示主动意义。 故填to present。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：事实上，现代技术的应用已经成为这次活动的一个主要特征。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作主语，apply的名词为application意为“应用”，根据谓语动词has become可知，此处应使用单数形式。故填application。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分 15分)
46. 假定你是李华，上周末在回家的途中，把外教 Mr. Thompson 借给你的一本诗集弄丢了。现在请你给 Mr. Thompson 写一封道歉信，要点如下：
1. 解释并表达歉意；
2. 提出解决的办法；
3.再次道歉并请求原谅。
参考词汇：诗集 poetry collection
注意：1.词数80 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Thompson,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Thompson,
I am writing to extend my sincerest apologies regarding the regrettable incident that occurred last weekend, where I unintentionally lost the poetry collection you lent me.
Fully aware of the emotional value and significance of the book to you, I deeply regret the inconvenience and disappointment my actions may have caused. In an earnest effort to correct the situation, I have retraced my route and conducted a thorough search, yet, unfortunately, I have thus far been unable to recover it. Nevertheless, I am more than willing to remedy this loss by personally purchasing a brand-new copy of the exact edition, or alternatively, by buying any book of your preference as compensation.
Once again, I sincerely apologize for my oversight and any trouble caused, and I hope you can find it in your heart to forgive me.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr. Thompson写一封道歉信，解释一下把诗集弄丢并表达歉意，同时提出解决的办法并请求原谅。
【详解】1.词汇积累
发生：occur →happen
执行：conduct →carry out
不幸地：unfortunately →unluckily
购买：purchase →buy
2.句式拓展
形容词作状语变状语从句
原句：Fully aware of the emotional value and significance of the book to you, I deeply regret the inconvenience and disappointment my actions may have caused.
拓展句：BecauseI am fully aware of the emotional value and significance of the book to you, I deeply regret the inconvenience and disappointment my actions may have caused.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to extend my sincerest apologies regarding the regrettable incident that occurred last weekend, where I unintentionally lost the poetry collection you lent me.（运用了that引导的定语从句，where引导的非限制性定语从句，省略that引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Once again, I sincerely apologize for my oversight and any trouble caused, and I hope you can find it in your heart to forgive me.（运用了省略that引导的宾语从句，和过去分词作后置定语）
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There is a story from many years ago of a primary school teacher. Her name was Rose.
On the first day of school, as Rose looked out over her new fifth grade class, her attention was immediately drawn to two boys, Mark and Charlie. Mark had a high energy that filled the room, his voice echoing even in casual conversations. He laughed loudest and answered questions with enthusiasm that was impossible to ignore. Charlie, Mark’s partner-in-crime, had a naughty grin and a twinkle in his eyes. Together, they were perfect.
While Mark would com mand attention with his tales, Charlie would comment cleverly, making the whole class burst into laughter. Rose could already tell that these two would keep her on her toes. She smiled to herself, though, ready for an eventful year ahead. She knew she had to find a way to channel their energy positively, turning their enthusiasm into a driving force for learning.
One day, Rose had a unique assignment for her students. She asked them to list each classmate's name on two sheets, leaving gaps between. Next, she instructed them to write down the nicest thing they could think of for each student. The assignment consumed the whole period. As they left, each student handed in their papers.
Over the weekend, Rose wrote down the name of each student on a separate sheet of paper, creating individual lists for every student. On Monday, she handed out the lists. Soon, happiness spread across the room. Mark, known for his naughty behavior, looked astonished. “I had no idea I mattered to anyone,” he whispered, visibly moved. Beside him, Charlie, Mark’s partner- in-crime, said similarly.“I never realized others thought so highly of me.”
No one ever mentioned those lists in class again. Rose never found out if they discussed them after class or with their parents, but it didn't matter.
注意: 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The atmosphere in the classroom shifted, especially Mark and Charlie.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On a bright afternoon years later, two gentlemen knocked at Rose’s door, holding the lists.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The atmosphere in the classroom shifted, especially Mark and Charlie. Mark started setting up study groups, and even volunteered to organize school events, where he was busy seeking opinions and looking up for guidance. Charlie, on the other hand, emerged as a thoughtful contributor in discussions, revealing insights that often left the class in awe. Their transformation was evident not only in their academic performance but also in their interactions. The mischievous duo, once the source of relentless energy and disruption, began to channel their enthusiasm into constructive outlets. The list had served as a mirror, reflecting the positive qualities others saw in them, qualities they had previously been unaware of.
On a bright afternoon years later, two gentlemen knocked at Rose’s door, holding the lists. Rose, a bit puzzled, opened the door to see two familiar faces, now grown and matured. It was Mark and Charlie. “Miss Rose,” Mark began, his voice still holding that trace of energy she remembered, “we wanted to thank you personally.” He held up the aged list, edges frayed but words still clear.Charlie continued, “These lists were a turning point for us. Knowing we mattered, and that we had value in others’eyes changed our paths.” Seeing the profound impact a simple classroom activity had left on them, Rose smiled.
【解析】
【分析】本文以两个学生的表现为线索展开，讲述了Rose老师在她的五年级的第一天的课堂上，Mark和Charlie的活跃表现引起了她的注意，一天，她给学生们布置了一个任务，让同学们写出他们认为的每一位同学的最好的事情，正是学生们之间的评价改变Mark和Charlie的人生之路的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“教室里的气氛变了，尤其是Mark和Charlie。”可知，第一段可描写在这次任务之后，Mark和Charlie各自发生了什么变化而导致教室氛围的变化。
②由第二段首句内容“几年后的一个晴朗的下午，两位先生拿着单子敲了罗斯的门。”可知，第二段可描写Mark和Charlie找Rose老师的目的是什么，他们都做了些什么。
2.续写线索：教室气氛改变——Mark的表现——Charlie的表现——几年后又见老师——表达感激——Rose老师的感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①建立，成立：set up/establish/found
②出现：emerge/show up/turn up
③寻找：seek/look for/search for
情绪类
①迷茫：puzzled/confused/bewildered
②感谢：thank/show gratitude
【点睛】[高分句型1]Mark started setting up study groups, and even volunteered to organize school events, where he was busy seeking opinions and looking up for guidance. （运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]Their transformation was evident not only in their academic performance but also in their interactions. （运用了not only…but also…连接并列结构）
[高分句型3]. Seeing the profound impact a simple classroom activity had left on them, Rose smiled. （运用了现在分词短语作状语）
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