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安徽省天一大联考2023-2024学年高二英语上学期10月月考试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份安徽省天一大联考2023-2024学年高二英语上学期10月月考试题（Word版附解析），共26页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
天一大联考
安徽专版2023—2024学年（上）高二年级阶段性测试（一）
英 语
考生注意：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What can’t the woman do well in?
A. Passing a ball. B. Hitting a ball. C. Catching a ball.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I know you are interested in ball games. Are you good at passing a ball and catching a ball?
W: I’m OK, I think.
M: What about hitting one?
W: No, I can’t do that well. I need more practice in it.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who will probably pick up Helen tomorrow morning?
A. Larry. B. Bob. C. Mary.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Mary! May I speak to Larry?
W: I’m afraid Larry isn’t here right now. Can I take a message?
M: Yes. This is his friend Bob calling. Could you ask him to collect Helen at the airport at 8:00 tomorrow morning?
W: No problem! I’m sure he will be glad to do that.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers do in the afternoon?
A. Attend a meeting.
B. Swim in a lake.
C. Go to the top of a mountain.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: What will we do next, Miss Brown?
W: After lunch, we’ll first visit a place of historical interest at 2:00, and then pay a visit to the lake on the top of the mountain. We’ll meet at the hotel hall at 3: 15.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the speakers leave work today?
A. At 5:00 pm. B. At 6:00 pm. C. At 7:00 pm.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Jessica, have the chairs arrived yet? We have to place them in the meeting room before we leave work.
W: Well, we can’t leave the office at 5:00 pm today. The company said it should be here by 6:00 pm, so I think we can finish all the preparation work by 7:00 pm. Then we can call it a day.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a plane. B. At a park. C. On a train.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Okay, I think it’s about to take off. Have you experienced so long a flight?
W: Actually, this is the second time. The first time was when my daughter was eight years old.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Why does the woman come here?
A. To visit a patient. B. To see a doctor. C. To apply for a passport.
7. What does the woman need to provide?
A. Her address. B. Her ID card. C. Her evidence of identity.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, I’d like to register as a patient, please. I’m a student from Germany.
M: Right, well, first you need to fill in this registration form. Do you live locally?
W: Yes, just around the corner.
M: That’s all right, then. As you’re not a British citizen, we need to see your passport, and the evidence that you are working or studying here, such as a letter from your school.
W: OK. Here you are.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Fellow workers. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates.
9. What do we know about the man speaker?
A. He has much work experience.
B. He is the same age as the woman.
C. He graduated from college this summer.
10. What is the headmaster like?
A. Strict. B. Impatient. C. Easy-going.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: May I help you?
W: Yes, today is my first day to work here. Do you know where Class 445 and Class 446 are?
M: Of course. I’ll show you the way. Welcome to join our school.
W: Thanks a lot. I graduated from college this summer. How long have you been working here?
M: Maybe the same as your age.
W: Wow, such a long time. You must have much teaching experience.
M: I simply like my job and math. By the way, which subject do you teach?
W: The same. And I’m glad to meet you, sir. I’m eager to learn from you.
M: No problem. The staff are friendly and the benefits are great. The headmaster is easy-going. Sometimes he gets angry, but he usually forgets about it completely soon.
W: Sounds great!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What is the first book about?
A. Honeybees. B. Different colors. C. Woodland animals.
12. What is Jorey Hurley?
A. A writer. B. A painter. C. A bookseller.
13. How much will the speakers pay?
A. $7. B. $20. C. $38.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Dave, look. There are so many books for children.
M: Yes. Let me have a look. It’s titled Hello, Bunny. No wonder it looks this way. It has simple rhymes and bright pictures of woodland creatures doing fun activities. I think this book is certain to delight Flora.
W: Look, this book is in the shape of a bunny.
M: Oh, this book Andy Warhol What Colors Do You See? looks nice too. We can use it to help Flora learn about the colors of the rainbow.
W: Yes. I think she’ll love it.
M: Let’s have a look at this book titled Beehive written by Jorey Hurley. It’s about bees. It helps kids learn how honeybees create honey.
W: All these books seem to be very interesting.
M: Do you want to take them all?
W: No. Our money is tight. The first one costs 7 dollars, the second one costs 13 dollars and the last one costs 18 dollars. That is a lot of money. Let’s just take the cheapest one.
M: OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why did Greyson start the organization?
A. To reduce food waste. B. To support his family. C. To help people in need.
15. What was Greyson’s parents’ attitude towards his decision?
A. Supportive. B. Worried. C. Uncaring.
16. What is Greyson’s dream?
A. To start a larger activity. B. To become a Navy SEAL C. To work as a firefighter.
17. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. A firefight. B. A good family. C. A charity organization.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Welcome to join us tonight, Greyson. So how old are you now?
M: I’m eight years old. I study in fourth grade.
W: You started an organization called Helping Footprint last month. Could you tell us why you wanted to do that?
M: I started it because I wanted to do something for others.
W: What inspired you to start the organization?
M: It’s my parents. They were firefighters and they always told me it’s important to help others. They were very happy when they heard of my idea of starting such an organization.
W: So far what have you done for others?
M: I’ve delivered gift cards for food to six families and cut nine lawns with my brother. We plan to cut five lawns each week.
W: So what’s your plan for the future?
M: I plan to become a Navy SEAL because helping others is the right thing to do.
W: You’ve really set a good example to children of your age. And thank you for sharing your story with our audience tonight.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What did Chloe Kim realize after her first snowboarding?
A. She found it boring.
B. She was interested in it.
C. She was afraid of competing.
19. Why did Chloe Kim choose to begin homeschooling?
A. To avoid the tiring school life.
B. To have more time for training.
C. To enjoy her father’s company.
20 How old was Chloe Kim when she won a gold medal at the 2015 X Games?
A. 14. B. 16. C. 18.
【答案】18. B 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Chloe Kim was born in Long Beach, California, in 2000. When Chloe was 4, her father took her to go snowboarding in California’s San Gabriel Mountains. Little Chloe loved it. Chloe showed real skill, and soon she began to compete. At her first big competition, Chloe won three bronze medals. After fourth grade, every weekend, her dad drove her to Mammoth Mountain, a place that is more than five hours’ drive away. They would leave at 2:00 am to get there in time for practice. She later began homeschooling so she’d have more time to snowboard. The more she competed, the more she realized that she loved to wow people. By the time she was a teen, she had big dreams: she was going to become one of the best snowboarders in the world. At 14, Chloe won a gold medal at the 2015 X Games. At the 2016 US Snowboarding Grand Prix, Chloe was the first woman to take part in the halfpipe and land back-to-back 1080s. She competed in Pyeongchang, South Korea, in 2018 and won a gold. She was the youngest female gold medalist on the course.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Edinburgh summer festivals 2023
The Edinburgh Festival Fringe
Set up in 1947, the Edinburgh Festival Fringe is the world’s largest performance arts festival. Only the Olympic Games and the World Cup sell more tickets and it takes over venues (场馆) all over the city for most of August. The Edinburgh Festival Fringe Society publishes a free programme every year containing most of the performances — which can be picked up in venues across Edinburgh before and during the event.
The Edinburgh International Festival
First held in 1947, the Edinburgh International Festival has taken place every year since. It sees famous figures from the fields of music and the performing arts invited to perform in the city. Traditionally the majority of events are classical music concerts, opera, theatre productions, and dance performances.
The Edinburgh International Film Festival
Established in 1947, the Edinburgh International Film Festival is the world’s oldest uninterruptedly (不间断地) running film festival. Threatened by financial problems last year, including the closing of its Edinburgh Filmhouse home, it is coming in 2023 as a downsized event showing a selection of films from around the world.
The Edinburgh International Book Festival
First taking place in a single tent in 1983, the Edinburgh International Book Festival was originally held every two years but became a yearly literary celebration in 1997. It invites hundreds of authors, journalists, politicians and famous faces from around the world to come to the city to speak about both their books and those of others.
21. How long does the Edinburgh Festival Fringe last?
A. About a week. B. Almost a month.
C. More than 40 days. D. Around half a year.
22. What is special about the Edinburgh International Film Festival?
A. It kicked off in an old tent half a century ago.
B. It is the world’s largest performance arts festival.
C. It is the third largest event in terms of ticket sales.
D. It has been continually held since it started.
23. Which event used to take place every second year?
A. The Edinburgh Festival Fringe.
B. The Edinburgh International Festival.
C. The Edinburgh International Film Festival.
D. The Edinburgh International Book Festival.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2023年爱丁堡夏季艺术节的四个组成部分：爱丁堡边缘艺术节、爱丁堡国际艺术节、爱丁堡国际电影节和爱丁堡国际书展。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh Festival Fringe部分中“it takes over venues (场馆) all over the city for most of August.(在8月的大部分时间里，它占据了全市所有的场馆。)”可知，爱丁堡边缘艺术节持续将近一个月。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh International Film Festival部分中“Established in 1947, the Edinburgh International Film Festival is the world’s oldest uninterruptedly (不间断地) running film festival.(爱丁堡国际电影节成立于1947年，是世界上历史最悠久的不间断电影节。)”可知，爱丁堡国际电影节始于1947年，是世界上最古老的连续举办的电影节。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh International Book Festival部分中“...the Edinburgh International Book Festival was originally held every two years but became a yearly literary celebration in1997.(爱丁堡国际图书节最初每两年举办一次，但从1997年起改为每年一次的文学庆典)”可知，爱丁堡国际图书节过去每两年举行一次。故选D项。
B
Because my stories keep my heart pounding at night with the possibility of it all, when I can’t get words on paper, I want to scream. All my energy pools at the bottom of my heart, where it continues to yell at me all day long, “Write! Write! Write!” I have to quiet the voice like a hidden pet, shushing (发嘘声) it over and over until I get the chance to leave, laptop in hand, stories pouring out of my mind.
What poor, unfortunate lives we artists live! We’re tortured by our words, whether they’re circling around in our minds at 3 am or written on paper, looking sad and regretful that we’ve put them there. Our words laugh at us before and after they leave our bodies.
I messaged a writing mentor (导师) when I found myself running in circles. With only a small window of time to myself each afternoon, I found it hard to write. If only I had more time, I could finish my book. If only people would leave me alone, I could become an accomplished writer. It was everyone else’s fault.
Small — my mentor told me to start small but keep going. “Do what you can, when you can. Let that be enough during the busy seasons.” In her eyes, she was once me. She was once crazy with tasks that kept her hands pushing, pulling, grabbing and moving endlessly. She recognized herself in the way I talked with starry eyes about my dreamy writing goals and plans. Essays, articles and short stories flowered in my rich mind.
In a few wise words, she gave me the freedom to write in small periods of time she called “the cracks of the day”. She argued that I should run after publishing with the same desire as ever. But in her patient voice, I heard a gentle reminder of stopping running so hard and instead slowing to a sustainable pace.
So I write. I submit. I live, and I dream.
24. What can we infer about the author from the first paragraph?
A. She has a strong desire to write. B. She has serious heart problems.
C. She is forced to write constantly. D. She is unable to focus on writing.
25. What does the underlined word “tortured” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Threatened. B. Troubled. C. Inspired. D. Impressed.
26. What problem did the author have in writing?
A. She suffered from a serious lack of time.
B. Her writing was far from satisfying.
C. She had no idea what to write.
D. She has no one to rely on.
27. Which of the following can sum up the writing mentor’s suggestion to the author?
A. All roads lead to Rome. B. Strike while the iron is hot.
C. No pains, no gains. D. Constant drops wear away a stone.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者热爱写作，但是苦于缺少时间而陷入焦虑。她的导师开导她要抓住点点滴滴的闲暇，兼顾生活和写作。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Because my stories keep my heart pounding at night with the possibility of it all, when I can’t get words on paper, I want to scream. All my energy pools at the bottom of my heart, where it continues to yell at me all day long, “Write! Write! Write!”(因为我的故事让我的心在晚上怦怦直跳，因为这一切都有可能发生，当我无法在纸上写下文字时，我想尖叫。我所有的精力都集中在心底，它整天不停地对我大喊：“写！写！写！”)”可推知，作者有着强烈的写作欲望。故选A。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“whether they’re circling around in our minds at 3 am or written on paper, looking sad and regretful that we’ve put them there.(不管它们是凌晨三点在我们的脑海里盘旋，还是写在纸上，看起来很难过，很后悔我们把它们放在了那里)”可推知，作者因为自己写的话折磨着。由此可知，划线词tortured与troubled“折磨，苦恼”意思接近。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“With only a small window of time to myself each afternoon, I found it hard to write.(每天下午只有一小段属于自己的时间，我发现很难写作)”可知，作者因为缺乏时间而不能很好地写作。故选A。
27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Small — my mentor told me to start small but keep going. “Do what you can, when you can. Let that be enough during the busy seasons.”(小——我的导师告诉我从小做起，但要坚持下去。“能做什么，就做什么。在繁忙的季节，这就足够了。”)”可推知，导师建议作者从小处做起，水滴石穿，持之以恒。故选D。
C
Long lines at security checkpoints tiny plastic cups of drink, small bags of biscuit, planes full of passengers, fees attached to every service—all reflect the realities of 21st century commercial air travel. It’s no wonder that many travelers have become nostalgic (怀旧) for the so-called “golden age” of air travel in the United States.
During the 1950s, airlines promoted commercial air travel; airline hostesses served full meals on real china, airline seats were large and frequently empty with enough legroom, and passengers were always dressed well.
After jets were introduced in the late 1950s, passengers could travel to even the most distant locations at speeds unimaginable a decade before. An airline trip from New York to London that could take up to 15 hours in the early 1950s could be made in less than seven hours by the early 1960s.
But the good memory of airline in that time can be tricky, and “golden ages” are seldom as beautiful as they seem. Until the introduction of jets in 1958, most of the nation’s commercial planes were propeller-driven (螺旋桨驱动) aircraft. Most of these planes were unpressurized, and with a maximum cruising (巡航) altitude of 10,000 to 12,000 feet, they were unable to fly over bad weather. Delays were frequent, turbulence (气流) was common, and air sickness bags were often needed. For much of this period, the old saying “Time to spare, go by air” still rang true.
Through the 1930s and into the 1940s, almost everyone flew first class. Airlines did encourage more people to fly in the 1950s and 1960s by introducing coach or tourist fares, but the savings were relative: less expensive than first class, but still pricey. Although the invention of jets did result in lower fares, the cost was still out of reach of most Americans.
28. Why do passengers treasure the memory of the “golden age” of air travel?
A. Passengers behaved better in those days.
B. People traveled by plane more frequently at that time.
C. Commercial air travel has kept airplanes in short supply.
D. The air travel experience is much worse than it used to be.
29. How does the author develop the first two paragraphs?
A. By giving figures. B. By following time order.
C. By making comparisons. D. By explaining principles.
30. What can be learnt about the flights before the jet age from the text?
A. The flights were often delayed.
B. The flights didn’t offer meals to passengers
C. The flights could fly over 20,000 feet.
D. The flights were affordable for most people.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. The convenience of the modem airplanes.
B. The advantages of air travel in America.
C. The reality behind air travel’s golden age.
D. The old saying “Time to spare, go by air”.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了20世纪五六十年代，美国经历了所谓的航空旅行“黄会时代”，其背后却不那么光鲜的现实。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Long lines at security checkpoints, tiny plastic cups of drink, small bags of biscuit, planes full of passengers, fees attached to every service—all reflect the realities of 21st century commercial air travel. It’s no wonder that many travelers have become nostalgic (怀旧) for the so-called “golden age” of air travel in the United States.”（安检口排起了长队，小小的塑料杯饮料，小袋饼干，满载乘客的飞机，每项服务的附加费用——这些都反映了21世纪商业航空旅行的现实。难怪许多旅行者开始怀念美国所谓的航空旅行“黄金时代”。），由此可推知，旅客怀念“黄金时代”是由于现在的服务体验不如那时的好。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据前两段“Long lines at security checkpoints, tiny plastic cups of drink, small bags of biscuit, planes full of passengers, fees attached to every service—all reflect the realities of 21st century commercial air travel. It’s no wonder that many travelers have become nostalgic (怀旧) for the so-called “golden age” of air travel in the United States. During the 1950s, airlines promoted commercial air travel; airline hostesses served full meals on real china, airline seats were large and frequently empty with enough legroom, and passengers were always dressed well.”（安检口排起了长队，小小的塑料杯饮料，小袋饼干，满载乘客的飞机，每项服务的附加费用——这些都反映了21世纪商业航空旅行的现实。难怪许多旅行者开始怀念美国所谓的航空旅行“黄金时代”。20世纪50年代，航空公司促进了商业航空旅行；航空公司的女服务员在真正的中国提供全餐服务，航空公司的座位很大，经常空着，有足够的腿部空间，乘客总是穿着得体。）作者主要通过比较现在的航空旅行和“黄金时代”的航空旅行来行文。故选C项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Delays were frequent”（延误很频繁）可知，喷气式飞机之前的航班经常延误。故选A项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据第四段“But the good memory of airline in that time can be tricky, and “golden ages” are seldom as beautiful as they seem.”（但那段时间对航空公司的美好记忆可能很棘手，“黄金时代”很少像看上去那么美好）文章介绍了20世纪五六十年代，美国经历了所谓的航空旅行“黄会时代”，其背后却不那么光鲜的现实。故选C项。
D
Learning a new language is like you’re going through the jungle with a knife and creating a path. When you learn two languages at once, you’re cutting your way through the jungle to create two paths, which requires twice the discipline (自律), time and motivation.
But it is possible. A 2020 study published in the International Journal of Multilingualism found that Chinese students learning English and Russian at the same time achieved similar mastery in English compared to a control group that just studied English. This is likely because they have already made enormous efforts. A 2017 study suggests that bilinguals (双语者) can learn new languages faster than single-language learners.
The biggest challenge of learning two languages at the same time is finding enough time and opportunities to study them. But to know just how many efforts and resources to put into it, you’ll need to decide what you want to achieve with the languages you’re planning to adopt. Becoming professor-level fluent in Polish is going to take a really long time, but if you want to be able to have conversations while you’re traveling, that won’t take as much time.
To help you distribute (分配) your time and energy more effectively, and get a better idea of what your study plan will look like, it’s important to understand how difficult a particular language is for a native English speaker. While it can take up to 2,200 hours to learn languages like Arabic and Mandarin, if you grew up speaking English, it’ll be easier for you to pick up Czech and German, for example. The easiest languages for native English speakers to learn include Spanish French, and Portuguese, which require between 600 and 750 hours of class to achieve professional mastery.
If it feels too discouraging to go full speed ahead on both languages right away, it might be easier to understand basic grammar and vocabulary for one language before adding another one to the mix.
32. Why can bilingual learners do as well as single-language learners?
A. Bilingual learners are cleverer.
B. Bilingual learners work harder.
C. Bilingual learners are more interested in languages.
D. Bilingual learners have a better learning environment.
33. What determines the time it takes to learn foreign languages?
A. The occasions of using the languages.
B. The steps to learn the languages.
C. The professors teaching the languages.
D. The purpose of learning the languages.
34. Which language is hardest for native English speakers according to the text?
A. French. B. German. C. Mandarin. D. Portuguese.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Learning Two Languages at Once B. Ways of Leaning a New Language
C. Language Talent of Chinese Students D. Difficulty in Learning Language
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究发现，同时学习两种语言不但能够和单一语言学习者一样掌握这门语言，而且可以比单一语言学习者学习得更快。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“When you learn two languages at once, you’re cutting your way through the jungle to create two paths, which requires twice the discipline (自律), time and motivation.(当你同时学习两种语言时，你是在丛林中开辟两条道路，这需要加倍的自律、时间和动力)”及第二段中“This is likely because they have already made enormous efforts.(这可能是因为他们已经付出了巨大的努力)”可知，同时学习两门语言的人已经付出的努力更大。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But to know just how many efforts and resources to put into it, you’ll need to decide what you want to achieve with the languages you’re planning to adopt.(但是要知道需要投入多少努力和资源，你需要决定你想要通过计划采用的语言实现什么目标)”可知，决定学习外语花费多长时间取决于学习它们的目的。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“While it can take up to 2,200 hours to learn languages like Arabic and Mandarin, if you grew up speaking English, it’ll be easier for you to pick up Czech and German, for example. The easiest languages for native English speakers to learn include Spanish French, and Portuguese, which require between 600 and 750 hours of class to achieve professional mastery.(虽然学习阿拉伯语和普通话可能需要2200个小时，但如果你是说英语长大的，那么学习捷克语和德语就会更容易。对于以英语为母语的人来说，最容易学习的语言包括西班牙语、法语和葡萄牙语，这些语言需要600到750个小时的课程才能掌握)”可知，对于英语为母语的人来说，普通话是最难学习的。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“A 2020 study published in the International Journal of Multilingualism found that Chinese students learning English and Russian at the same time achieved similar mastery in English compared to a control group that just studied English. This is likely because they have already made enormous efforts. A 2017 study suggests that bilinguals (双语者) can learn new languages faster than single-language learners.(2020年发表在《国际多语言学杂志》上的一项研究发现，与只学习英语的对照组相比，同时学习英语和俄语的中国学生对英语的掌握程度相似。这可能是因为他们已经付出了巨大的努力。2017年的一项研究表明，双语者比单语学习者学习新语言的速度更快)”结合文章主要说明了一项研究发现同时学习两种语言不但能够和单一语言学习者一样掌握这门语言，而且可以比单一语言学习者学习得更快。故A选项“同时学习两种语言”最符合文章标题。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If hearing the importance of good social relationships makes you think that you might not have enough, you aren’t alone, said Adam Smiley Poswolsky, workplace belonging expert and author of “Friendship in the Age of Loneliness”.
____36____ However, the hope of developing new friendships — or strengthening existing ones — can be disappointing. It’s frightening to think about friendship in adulthood, and the sense of defeat keeps us from even trying, Poswolsky said.
His suggestion? ____37____ Text a friend that you haven’t talked to for a long time, commit to meeting one new person a month, host a dinner party, or join a class. If you do just one thing, make a list of five people in your life that you care about, and give one of them a phone call. The most remarkable friendships often begin with tiniest moments of connection.
Remember that you likely won’t form a strong connection overnight. Research shows that we need 90 hours of time together to consider someone a friend and more than 200 hours to consider them a close friend that you have an emotional connection with. Poswolsky suggested that in our busy world, we should put our friendship on the calendar. ____38____
But studies also show that it isn’t just about having relationships. ____39____ Poswolsky considers that there might not be just one definition of a good friendship, but most strong relationships share some similar qualities. They tend to prioritize (区分优先次序) laughter, joy, excitement, courage, weakness and a lack of judgment.
____40____ They become better versions of themselves, especially when their friend is struggling or going through something hard. You know someone is a true friend when they have your back when you’re sick, when you lose your job, when you make a mistake, when you’re going through a break-up, when you’re stressed, when you’re sad.
A. Start small.
B The quality also matters.
C. Listen and ask real questions.
D. Many people may feel lonely and want closer connections.
E. And good friendships are often two people helping each other.
F. In other words, we should commit to bolding activities regularly.
G. But having relationships between good and bad often can be unhelpful.
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. F 39. B 40. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何建立和保持良好的友谊。
【36题详解】
根据下文“However, the hope of developing new friendships — or strengthening existing ones — can be disappointing.(然而，发展新的友谊的希望——或者加强现有的——可以是令人失望的)”可知，前后语义是转折关系。由此可知，D. Many people may feel lonely and want closer connections.(很多人都会感到孤独，想要更亲密的关系)”能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选D。
【37题详解】
此处是本段主题句。根据下文“Text a friend that you haven’t talked to for a long time, commit to meeting one new person a month, host a dinner party, or join a class. If you do just one thing, make a list of five people in your life that you care about, and give one of them a phone call. The most remarkable friendships often begin with tiniest moments of connection.(给一个很久没联系的朋友发短信，承诺每个月见一个新朋友，举办一个晚宴，或者参加一个课程。如果你只做一件事，列出你生活中五个你关心的人，给他们中的一个打个电话。最非凡的友谊往往始于最细微的联系)”可知，本段讲述的是从小事情开始。由此可知，A. Start small.(从小处着手)能概括其内容，适合作本段主题句。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Poswolsky suggested that in our busy world, we should put our friendship on the calendar.(波斯沃尔斯基建议，在我们忙碌的世界里，我们应该把我们的友谊放在日历上)”可知，我们应该把友谊放在日历上，要安排和举办活动。由此可知，F. In other words, we should commit to bolding activities regularly.(换句话说，我们应该致力于定期举办活动)能够衔接上文，符合语境。选项中的regularly与calendar在时间上相照应。故选F。
【39题详解】
根据上文“But studies also show that it isn’t just about having relationships.(但研究也表明，这不仅仅是有关系的问题)”及下文“Poswolsky considers that there might not be just one definition of a good friendship, but most strong relationships share some similar qualities.(波斯沃尔斯基认为，好的友谊可能不只有一种定义，但大多数牢固的关系都有一些相似的品质)”可知，好的友谊不只是一种普通的关系，而是有一些重要品质的。由此可知，B. The quality also matters.(质量也很重要)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
【40题详解】
此处是本段主题句。根据下文“T They become better versions of themselves, especially when their friend is struggling or going through something hard. You know someone is a true friend when they have your back when you’re sick, when you lose your job, when you make a mistake, when you’re going through a break-up, when you’re stressed, when you’re sad.(他们成为更好的自己，尤其是当他们的朋友正在挣扎或经历一些困难的时候。当你生病时，当你失业时，当你犯错误时，当你经历分手时，当你感到压力时，当你悲伤时，他们会支持你，你就知道一个人是真正的朋友)”可知，本段讲述的是当朋友遇到困难时，能够互相帮助。由此可知，E. And good friendships are often two people helping each other.(好的友谊经常是两个人相互帮助)能概括其内容，适合作本段主题句。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I argued with my sixteen-year-old son Anthony again. I rushed out of the house with ____41____. Shaking my head in disappointment and seeking ____42____, I walked toward Clara, my elderly neighbor. I told her it was for his ____43____ this time. We were always ____44____ about his clothes, his messy room, or his loud music.
Clara ____45____ and said, “It’s only a small thing.” Then the smile disappeared from her face, and she became ____46____. During her hard life, she had ____47____ to say, “But it’s only…” “It’s only something, and tomorrow will be ____48____. Everybody has enough heartaches and ____49____ in their lives, so we shouldn’t waste time and energy on the ‘it’s only’ things that come their way,” she continued.
I walked back with Clara’s words circling around in my head and ____50____ in my heart. I prepared a piece of cake, Anthony’s favorite ____51____. He stared at the plate eagerly, but there was still a hit of ____52____ in his eyes. He looked at me and ____53____ asked why I had no one word about his hair.
I said it was only hair. He ____54____ a smile as he took the cake and said that was what he had been trying to tell me. Now I realize that he actually didn’t want to fight with me but just wanted me to hear the ____55____ he was making.
41. A. fear B. anger C. joy D. satisfaction
42. A. respect B. courage C. comfort D. trust
43. A. haircut B. clothes C. room D. study
44. A. complaining B. arguing C. thinking D. joking
45. A. agreed B. hesitated C. smiled D. approached
46. A. nervous B. patient C. proud D. serious
47. A. regretted B. planned C. refused D. learned
48. A. harder B. familiar C. better D. similar
49. A. power B. trouble C. peace D. danger
50. A. taking root B. breaking up C. turning over D. clearing away
51. A. memory B. collection C. decoration D. treat
52. A. relief B. doubt C. interest D. excitement
53. A. curiously B. officially C. confidently D. wisely
54. A. hid B. exchanged C. managed D. won
55. A. wish B. promise C. deal D. point
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者总是因为一些小事和自己的儿子争吵，在邻居克拉拉的安慰之后，作者意识到不应该把时间和精力浪费在即将到来的事情上，儿子也表示自己并不想跟作者争吵，只是想让作者听听自己的观点。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我怒气冲冲地冲出了房子。A. fear害怕；B. anger愤怒；C. joy快乐；D. satisfaction满足。根据上文“I argued with my sixteen-year-old son Anthony again. ”以及下文“Shaking my head in disappointment”可知，作者和儿子争吵，感觉失望，此处表示生气地冲出房子。故选B。
42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：失望地摇摇头，寻求安慰，我走向年迈的邻居克拉拉。A. respect尊重；B. courage勇气；C. comfort安慰；D. trust相信。根据上文“I rushed out of the house with ____1____. Shaking my head in disappointment and seeking”以及语境可知，作者感觉失望，去找邻居寻求安慰。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她这次是因为他的发型。A. haircut发型；B. clothes衣服；C. room房间；D. study学习。根据下文“He looked at me and ____13____ asked why I had no one word about his hair.”可知，这次作者和儿子争吵是因为儿子的发型。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们总是为他的衣服、他凌乱的房间或他吵闹的音乐而争吵。A. complaining抱怨；B. arguing争吵；C. thinking思考；D. joking开玩笑。根据上文“I argued with my sixteen-year-old son Anthony again.”可知，此处表示作者总是和儿子争吵。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：克拉拉微笑着说：“这只是一件小事。”A. agreed同意；B. hesitated犹豫；C. smiled微笑；D. approached接近。根据下文“Then the smile disappeared from her face,”可知，此处表示克拉拉在微笑。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后笑容从她的脸上消失了，她变得严肃起来。A. nervous紧张的；B. patient有耐心的；C. proud骄傲的；D. serious严肃的。根据上文“Then the smile disappeared from her face, and she became”以及常识可知，克拉拉的笑容消失，变得严肃。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她艰难的生活中，她学会了说：“但这只是……”“这只是一些事情，明天会更好。”A. regretted后悔；B. planned计划；C. refused拒绝；D. learned学习。根据下文“to say, “But it’s only…” “It’s only something, and tomorrow will be ____8____. Everybody has enough heartaches and ____9____ in their lives, so we shouldn’t waste time and energy on the ‘it’s only’ things that come their way,””以及语境可推知，克拉拉在她艰难的生活中，学会了一些东西。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她艰难的生活中，她学会了说：“但这只是……”“这只是一些事情，明天会更好。”A. harder更难的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. better更好的；D. similar相像的。根据下文“Everybody has enough heartaches and ____9____ in their lives, so we shouldn’t waste time and energy on the ‘it’s only’ things that come their way,””以及语境可知，克拉拉在描述自己学会说的话，这只是一些事情，明天会变得更好。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人的生活中都有足够的心痛和麻烦，所以我们不应该把时间和精力浪费在即将到来的‘这只是’的事情上。A. power能力；B. trouble麻烦；C. peace和平；D. danger危险。根据上文“I argued with my sixteen-year-old son Anthony again.”以及“Everybody has enough heartaches and”可知，人们在生活中都会面临心痛和麻烦的情况。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我走了回来，克拉拉的话在我的脑海中盘旋，在我的心中扎根。A. taking root扎根；B. breaking up分解；C. turning over翻转；D. clearing away清除。根据下文“I said it was only hair.”以及语境可知，克拉拉的话在作者心中扎根，作者也学会了说“这只是……”。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我准备了一块蛋糕，这是安东尼最喜欢的食物。A. memory记忆；B. collection集合；C. decoration装饰；D. treat款待。根据下文“He stared at the plate eagerly, but there was still a hit of ____12____ in his eyes.”可知，作者准备的蛋糕是安东尼最喜欢的食物，treat意为“款待”，此处表示好吃的东西。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他急切地盯着盘子，但眼睛里仍然充满了怀疑。A. relief宽慰；B. doubt怀疑；C. interest兴趣；D. excitement激动。根据下文“He looked at me and ____13____ asked why I had no one word about his hair.”可知，此处表示安东尼眼中充满怀疑。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他看着我，好奇地问我为什么对他的头发只字未提。A. curiously奇怪地；B. officially正式地；C. confidently自信地；D. wisely明智地。根据下文“asked why I had no one word about his hair.”可知，安东尼好奇地询问作者为什么不提自己的头发了。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他接过蛋糕笑了笑，说这是他一直想告诉我的。A. hid隐藏；B. exchanged交换；C. managed设法做到，勉力完成；D. won赢。根据下文“a smile as he took the cake and said that was what he had been trying to tell me. ”可知，安东尼勉力完成一个微笑，告诉作者那就是自己一直想要告诉作者的。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我意识到，他其实并不想和我争吵，只是想让我听听他的观点。A. wish希望；B. promise承诺；C. deal交易；D. point观点。根据上文“He ____14____ a smile as he took the cake and said that was what he had been trying to tell me”可知，此处表示安东尼只是想让作者听听他的观点。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
As Buddhism got popular in China during the Tang Dynasty, there was a strong need to make ____56____ large number of Buddhist scriptures (佛经), and copying by hand could not meet the ____57____ (rise) demand. Therefore, ancient Chinese craftsmen (工匠) found a new way to mass produce printed scriptures. Thus ____58____ (come) the woodblock printing
Traditional woodblock printing is divided into four major steps: writing, carving, printing, and binding. ____59____ each step including several procedures (步骤), it takes roughly 30 steps ____60____ (produce) a woodblock print.
Carving lies at the center of woodblock printing as this difficult step can either make the final print ____61____ break it. Characters and images are carved to make raised areas that will ____62____ (eventual) apply ink to paper. It calls for a pair of skillful hands.
A five-meter scroll of the Buddhist scripture Diamond Sutra, which ____63____ (complete) in 868 AD, is the “earliest dated printed book” in the words of the British Library, ____64____ it is stored. It is just one of the ancient ____65____ ( work) of art that not only tell the wisdom of our predecessors, but witness the seeking of beauty by Chinese craftsmen throughout centuries.
【答案】56. a 57. rising
58. came 59. With
60. to produce
61. or 62. eventually
63. was completed
64. where 65. works
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了历史悠久的中国木版印刷。
【56题详解】
考查冠词。句意：随着佛教在唐代在中国的流行，人们迫切需要制作大量的佛经，而手工抄写已经无法满足日益增长的需求。a large number of为固定短语，表示“许多，大量”，符合题意，所以空处应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着佛教在唐代在中国的流行，人们迫切需要制作大量的佛经，而手工抄写已经无法满足日益增长的需求。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，rise与逻辑主语demand之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作定语。故填rising。
【58题详解】
考查时态。句意：木版印刷术就这样诞生了。come在句中作谓语，且结合上文可知，句子描述过去的事件，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填came。
【59题详解】
考查介词。句意：每一步都包括几个步骤，制作一幅木版画大约需要30个步骤。分析句子结构可知，逗号之前为句子状语，空处应用介词with，with复合结构作伴随状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填With。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：每一步都包括几个步骤，制作一幅木版画大约需要30个步骤。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，空处应用动词不定式形式作真正的主语。故填to produce。
【61题详解】
考查连词。句意：雕刻是木版印刷的核心，因为这一困难的步骤可以制作最终的印刷品，也可以破坏它。根据句中make和break可知，此处表示两种情况选择其一，成功或者破坏，either…or…表示“或者……或者……”，所以空处应用连词or。故填or。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：字符和图像被雕刻成凸起的区域，最终将墨水涂到纸上。空处修饰动词apply，应用副词eventually，表示“最终”，符合题意。故填eventually。
【63题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：一幅五米长的佛经《金刚经》卷轴完成于公元868年，现藏于大英图书馆，用大英图书馆的话说，它是“最早的有日期的雕版印刷书”。根据时间状语in 868 AD可知，句子应用一般现在时，which指代Diamond Sutra，与complete之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且Diamond Sutra是单数，be动词应用was。故填was completed。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一幅五米长的佛经《金刚经》卷轴完成于公元868年，现藏于大英图书馆，用大英图书馆的话说，它是“最早的有日期的雕版印刷书”。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the British Library，先行词指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：它是一件古老的艺术品，不仅讲述了前人的智慧，也见证了中国工匠几个世纪以来对美的追求。句中名词work表示“作品”，是可数名词，“one of+复数名词”表示“……之一”，所以空处应用名词的复数形式。故填works。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 你校正在就是否允许在校园安装自动售货机（vending machine）征求同学们的意见。请写一篇短文给校英文报投稿，表明你的观点并列举理由。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Should Vending Machines Be Allowed in the School?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Should Vending Machines Be Allowed in the School?
Vending machines should be allowed in schools because they provide students with a variety of healthy snacks and cheap study items of high quality throughout the school day, which can help those who are struggling with hunger and lacking in study tools. At the same time, teachers can also benefit from them. In order to ensure the quality of goods and prevent students being wasteful, the management should keep track of the students’ consumption and the quality of the items in the vending machines.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校正在就是否允许在校园安装自动售货机（vending machine）征求同学们的意见。请写一篇短文给校英文报投稿，表明你的观点并列举理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
确保：ensure→make sure
帮助：help→give sb. a hand
各种各样的：a variety of→various
同时：at the same time→meanwhile
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to ensure the quality of goods and prevent students being wasteful, the management should keep track of the students’ consumption and the quality of the items in the vending machines.
拓展句：The management should keep track of the students’ consumption and the quality of the items in the vending machines so that they can ensure the quality of goods and prevent students being wasteful.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Vending machines should be allowed in schools because they provide students with a variety of healthy snacks and cheap study items of high quality throughout the school day, which can help those who are struggling with hunger and lacking in study tools. (运用了because引导原因状语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句和who引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] In order to ensure the quality of goods and prevent students being wasteful, the management should keep track of the students’ consumption and the quality of the items in the vending machines. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At the fanciest restaurant in town, Emily’s most recent date, Nathaniel, talked about his boats, horses, and real estate (房地产) collection. He was exactly the kind of man her parents wanted her to marry, but she was unimpressed. Suddenly, a quarrel at the door caught her attention.
“Please, I just want some fries!” an old woman in cheap clothing begged. Emily fixed her eyes on her bare feet and frowned. Being barefoot was unacceptable at any restaurant. The waiter was displeased and tried to drive her out, but something in Emily’s heart told her to stand up. “Wait a second,” she said to the waiter. “She’s with me.”
The waiter’s eyes widened as Emily gestured for the woman to join her table. Nathaniel’s face turned red. “What are you doing, Emily?” he demanded, whispering although the old woman could hear him.
“I’m inviting this woman to sit with us. Is that a problem?” she asked sweetly. The old woman introduced herself as Martha.
“Yes, it is!” Nathaniel replied, throwing his cloth napkin on the table, standing up quickly and going out angrily.
“Bye!” she waved at him as she sat down. Her voice termed sympathetic and kind as she looked at Martha. “Now, what’s going on? Can you tell me why you’re here? And why are you barefoot?”
“Oh, madam. You didn’t have to invite me to your table,” Martha shook her bead. “I just wanted some fries for my grandson. He’s just been so sick, and I can’t get him to eat anything. He told me he only wants some fries. So I sold my shoes to a man walking by and he gave me enough for some.”
“May I ask, why not go to a fast food place?” Emily said gently.
“Well, this place was closer. It’s too hot outside for me to walk much farther without shoes,” Martha answered. The woman continued telling her story. She and her grandson had been living on the streets for a few years since her daughter died, and they couldn’t afford rent because no one would hire her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Emily’s eyes watered as she took off her shoes.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The other guests put their shoes back on.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Emily’s eyes watered as she took off her shoes. “First of all, take my shoes. You can’t walk around barefoot,” Emily said, trying to hold herself together. “No, let me give her my shoes,” another customer at the restaurant told Emily, who had approached their table. Then, Emily noticed with wide eyes that everyone else had been looking at them and heard the entire conversation. All of them had their shoes in their hands. Finally, Martha put on Emily’s shoes — a simple pair of flats.
The other guests put their shoes back on. They collected money and gave it to Martha. The waiter came with an order of fries packed in a box and a few other boxes with more food. He apologized to Martha. Emily decided to do more for them. She helped Martha get her grandson admitted into a hospital and ensured they would give him as many fries as he wanted during his stay. She later got Martha a job at one of the local supermarkets. The scene in the restaurant was the most moving display Emily had ever seen. At that moment, she felt hopeful for the world.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了艾米丽在餐馆和人约会时，看到一位老妇人光着脚来餐厅买薯条，但遭到服务员的拒绝，出于善意，艾米丽邀请她到自己的餐桌来，听她讲了自己的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“艾米丽脱下鞋子时眼睛湿润了。”可知，第一段可描写艾米丽被老妇人感动，想要帮助她，同时餐厅其他顾客也听到了老妇人的故事，都想要帮助她，老妇人选择了艾米丽的鞋。
②由第二段首句内容“其他顾客都把鞋子穿上了。”可知，第二段可描写所有人给老妇人更多帮助，以及艾米丽的感悟。
2. 续写线索：艾米丽把鞋给老妇人——其他顾客也想把鞋给老妇人——老妇人选择艾米丽的鞋——其他顾客穿上鞋——所有人给予老妇人帮助——艾米丽的感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①注意到：notice/observe/perceive
②收集：collect/gather/assemble
③道歉：apologize/say sorry/make an apology
④确保：ensure/make sure/guarantee
情绪类
①令人感动的：moving/touching/affecting
②充满希望的：hopeful/optimistic
【点睛】[高分句型1] “No, let me give her my shoes,” another customer at the restaurant told Emily, who had approached their table. (who引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] She helped Martha get her grandson admitted into a hospital and ensured they would give him as many fries as he wanted during his stay. (that引导宾语从句并被省略、as引导限制性定语从句)
天一大联考
安徽专版2023—2024学年（上）高二年级阶段性测试（一）
英 语
考生注意：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What can’t the woman do well in?
A. Passing a ball. B. Hitting a ball. C. Catching a ball.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I know you are interested in ball games. Are you good at passing a ball and catching a ball?
W: I’m OK, I think.
M: What about hitting one?
W: No, I can’t do that well. I need more practice in it.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who will probably pick up Helen tomorrow morning?
A. Larry. B. Bob. C. Mary.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Mary! May I speak to Larry?
W: I’m afraid Larry isn’t here right now. Can I take a message?
M: Yes. This is his friend Bob calling. Could you ask him to collect Helen at the airport at 8:00 tomorrow morning?
W: No problem! I’m sure he will be glad to do that.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers do in the afternoon?
A. Attend a meeting.
B. Swim in a lake.
C. Go to the top of a mountain.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: What will we do next, Miss Brown?
W: After lunch, we’ll first visit a place of historical interest at 2:00, and then pay a visit to the lake on the top of the mountain. We’ll meet at the hotel hall at 3: 15.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the speakers leave work today?
A. At 5:00 pm. B. At 6:00 pm. C. At 7:00 pm.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Jessica, have the chairs arrived yet? We have to place them in the meeting room before we leave work.
W: Well, we can’t leave the office at 5:00 pm today. The company said it should be here by 6:00 pm, so I think we can finish all the preparation work by 7:00 pm. Then we can call it a day.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a plane. B. At a park. C. On a train.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Okay, I think it’s about to take off. Have you experienced so long a flight?
W: Actually, this is the second time. The first time was when my daughter was eight years old.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Why does the woman come here?
A. To visit a patient. B. To see a doctor. C. To apply for a passport.
7. What does the woman need to provide?
A. Her address. B. Her ID card. C. Her evidence of identity.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, I’d like to register as a patient, please. I’m a student from Germany.
M: Right, well, first you need to fill in this registration form. Do you live locally?
W: Yes, just around the corner.
M: That’s all right, then. As you’re not a British citizen, we need to see your passport, and the evidence that you are working or studying here, such as a letter from your school.
W: OK. Here you are.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Fellow workers. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates.
9. What do we know about the man speaker?
A. He has much work experience.
B. He is the same age as the woman.
C. He graduated from college this summer.
10. What is the headmaster like?
A. Strict. B. Impatient. C. Easy-going.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: May I help you?
W: Yes, today is my first day to work here. Do you know where Class 445 and Class 446 are?
M: Of course. I’ll show you the way. Welcome to join our school.
W: Thanks a lot. I graduated from college this summer. How long have you been working here?
M: Maybe the same as your age.
W: Wow, such a long time. You must have much teaching experience.
M: I simply like my job and math. By the way, which subject do you teach?
W: The same. And I’m glad to meet you, sir. I’m eager to learn from you.
M: No problem. The staff are friendly and the benefits are great. The headmaster is easy-going. Sometimes he gets angry, but he usually forgets about it completely soon.
W: Sounds great!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What is the first book about?
A. Honeybees. B. Different colors. C. Woodland animals.
12. What is Jorey Hurley?
A. A writer. B. A painter. C. A bookseller.
13. How much will the speakers pay?
A. $7. B. $20. C. $38.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Dave, look. There are so many books for children.
M: Yes. Let me have a look. It’s titled Hello, Bunny. No wonder it looks this way. It has simple rhymes and bright pictures of woodland creatures doing fun activities. I think this book is certain to delight Flora.
W: Look, this book is in the shape of a bunny.
M: Oh, this book Andy Warhol What Colors Do You See? looks nice too. We can use it to help Flora learn about the colors of the rainbow.
W: Yes. I think she’ll love it.
M: Let’s have a look at this book titled Beehive written by Jorey Hurley. It’s about bees. It helps kids learn how honeybees create honey.
W: All these books seem to be very interesting.
M: Do you want to take them all?
W: No. Our money is tight. The first one costs 7 dollars, the second one costs 13 dollars and the last one costs 18 dollars. That is a lot of money. Let’s just take the cheapest one.
M: OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why did Greyson start the organization?
A. To reduce food waste. B. To support his family. C. To help people in need.
15. What was Greyson’s parents’ attitude towards his decision?
A. Supportive. B. Worried. C. Uncaring.
16. What is Greyson’s dream?
A. To start a larger activity. B. To become a Navy SEAL C. To work as a firefighter.
17. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. A firefight. B. A good family. C. A charity organization.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Welcome to join us tonight, Greyson. So how old are you now?
M: I’m eight years old. I study in fourth grade.
W: You started an organization called Helping Footprint last month. Could you tell us why you wanted to do that?
M: I started it because I wanted to do something for others.
W: What inspired you to start the organization?
M: It’s my parents. They were firefighters and they always told me it’s important to help others. They were very happy when they heard of my idea of starting such an organization.
W: So far what have you done for others?
M: I’ve delivered gift cards for food to six families and cut nine lawns with my brother. We plan to cut five lawns each week.
W: So what’s your plan for the future?
M: I plan to become a Navy SEAL because helping others is the right thing to do.
W: You’ve really set a good example to children of your age. And thank you for sharing your story with our audience tonight.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What did Chloe Kim realize after her first snowboarding?
A. She found it boring.
B. She was interested in it.
C. She was afraid of competing.
19. Why did Chloe Kim choose to begin homeschooling?
A. To avoid the tiring school life.
B. To have more time for training.
C. To enjoy her father’s company.
20 How old was Chloe Kim when she won a gold medal at the 2015 X Games?
A. 14. B. 16. C. 18.
【答案】18. B 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Chloe Kim was born in Long Beach, California, in 2000. When Chloe was 4, her father took her to go snowboarding in California’s San Gabriel Mountains. Little Chloe loved it. Chloe showed real skill, and soon she began to compete. At her first big competition, Chloe won three bronze medals. After fourth grade, every weekend, her dad drove her to Mammoth Mountain, a place that is more than five hours’ drive away. They would leave at 2:00 am to get there in time for practice. She later began homeschooling so she’d have more time to snowboard. The more she competed, the more she realized that she loved to wow people. By the time she was a teen, she had big dreams: she was going to become one of the best snowboarders in the world. At 14, Chloe won a gold medal at the 2015 X Games. At the 2016 US Snowboarding Grand Prix, Chloe was the first woman to take part in the halfpipe and land back-to-back 1080s. She competed in Pyeongchang, South Korea, in 2018 and won a gold. She was the youngest female gold medalist on the course.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Edinburgh summer festivals 2023
The Edinburgh Festival Fringe
Set up in 1947, the Edinburgh Festival Fringe is the world’s largest performance arts festival. Only the Olympic Games and the World Cup sell more tickets and it takes over venues (场馆) all over the city for most of August. The Edinburgh Festival Fringe Society publishes a free programme every year containing most of the performances — which can be picked up in venues across Edinburgh before and during the event.
The Edinburgh International Festival
First held in 1947, the Edinburgh International Festival has taken place every year since. It sees famous figures from the fields of music and the performing arts invited to perform in the city. Traditionally the majority of events are classical music concerts, opera, theatre productions, and dance performances.
The Edinburgh International Film Festival
Established in 1947, the Edinburgh International Film Festival is the world’s oldest uninterruptedly (不间断地) running film festival. Threatened by financial problems last year, including the closing of its Edinburgh Filmhouse home, it is coming in 2023 as a downsized event showing a selection of films from around the world.
The Edinburgh International Book Festival
First taking place in a single tent in 1983, the Edinburgh International Book Festival was originally held every two years but became a yearly literary celebration in 1997. It invites hundreds of authors, journalists, politicians and famous faces from around the world to come to the city to speak about both their books and those of others.
21. How long does the Edinburgh Festival Fringe last?
A. About a week. B. Almost a month.
C. More than 40 days. D. Around half a year.
22. What is special about the Edinburgh International Film Festival?
A. It kicked off in an old tent half a century ago.
B. It is the world’s largest performance arts festival.
C. It is the third largest event in terms of ticket sales.
D. It has been continually held since it started.
23. Which event used to take place every second year?
A. The Edinburgh Festival Fringe.
B. The Edinburgh International Festival.
C. The Edinburgh International Film Festival.
D. The Edinburgh International Book Festival.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2023年爱丁堡夏季艺术节的四个组成部分：爱丁堡边缘艺术节、爱丁堡国际艺术节、爱丁堡国际电影节和爱丁堡国际书展。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh Festival Fringe部分中“it takes over venues (场馆) all over the city for most of August.(在8月的大部分时间里，它占据了全市所有的场馆。)”可知，爱丁堡边缘艺术节持续将近一个月。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh International Film Festival部分中“Established in 1947, the Edinburgh International Film Festival is the world’s oldest uninterruptedly (不间断地) running film festival.(爱丁堡国际电影节成立于1947年，是世界上历史最悠久的不间断电影节。)”可知，爱丁堡国际电影节始于1947年，是世界上最古老的连续举办的电影节。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh International Book Festival部分中“...the Edinburgh International Book Festival was originally held every two years but became a yearly literary celebration in1997.(爱丁堡国际图书节最初每两年举办一次，但从1997年起改为每年一次的文学庆典)”可知，爱丁堡国际图书节过去每两年举行一次。故选D项。
B
Because my stories keep my heart pounding at night with the possibility of it all, when I can’t get words on paper, I want to scream. All my energy pools at the bottom of my heart, where it continues to yell at me all day long, “Write! Write! Write!” I have to quiet the voice like a hidden pet, shushing (发嘘声) it over and over until I get the chance to leave, laptop in hand, stories pouring out of my mind.
What poor, unfortunate lives we artists live! We’re tortured by our words, whether they’re circling around in our minds at 3 am or written on paper, looking sad and regretful that we’ve put them there. Our words laugh at us before and after they leave our bodies.
I messaged a writing mentor (导师) when I found myself running in circles. With only a small window of time to myself each afternoon, I found it hard to write. If only I had more time, I could finish my book. If only people would leave me alone, I could become an accomplished writer. It was everyone else’s fault.
Small — my mentor told me to start small but keep going. “Do what you can, when you can. Let that be enough during the busy seasons.” In her eyes, she was once me. She was once crazy with tasks that kept her hands pushing, pulling, grabbing and moving endlessly. She recognized herself in the way I talked with starry eyes about my dreamy writing goals and plans. Essays, articles and short stories flowered in my rich mind.
In a few wise words, she gave me the freedom to write in small periods of time she called “the cracks of the day”. She argued that I should run after publishing with the same desire as ever. But in her patient voice, I heard a gentle reminder of stopping running so hard and instead slowing to a sustainable pace.
So I write. I submit. I live, and I dream.
24. What can we infer about the author from the first paragraph?
A. She has a strong desire to write. B. She has serious heart problems.
C. She is forced to write constantly. D. She is unable to focus on writing.
25. What does the underlined word “tortured” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Threatened. B. Troubled. C. Inspired. D. Impressed.
26. What problem did the author have in writing?
A. She suffered from a serious lack of time.
B. Her writing was far from satisfying.
C. She had no idea what to write.
D. She has no one to rely on.
27. Which of the following can sum up the writing mentor’s suggestion to the author?
A. All roads lead to Rome. B. Strike while the iron is hot.
C. No pains, no gains. D. Constant drops wear away a stone.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者热爱写作，但是苦于缺少时间而陷入焦虑。她的导师开导她要抓住点点滴滴的闲暇，兼顾生活和写作。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Because my stories keep my heart pounding at night with the possibility of it all, when I can’t get words on paper, I want to scream. All my energy pools at the bottom of my heart, where it continues to yell at me all day long, “Write! Write! Write!”(因为我的故事让我的心在晚上怦怦直跳，因为这一切都有可能发生，当我无法在纸上写下文字时，我想尖叫。我所有的精力都集中在心底，它整天不停地对我大喊：“写！写！写！”)”可推知，作者有着强烈的写作欲望。故选A。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“whether they’re circling around in our minds at 3 am or written on paper, looking sad and regretful that we’ve put them there.(不管它们是凌晨三点在我们的脑海里盘旋，还是写在纸上，看起来很难过，很后悔我们把它们放在了那里)”可推知，作者因为自己写的话折磨着。由此可知，划线词tortured与troubled“折磨，苦恼”意思接近。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“With only a small window of time to myself each afternoon, I found it hard to write.(每天下午只有一小段属于自己的时间，我发现很难写作)”可知，作者因为缺乏时间而不能很好地写作。故选A。
27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Small — my mentor told me to start small but keep going. “Do what you can, when you can. Let that be enough during the busy seasons.”(小——我的导师告诉我从小做起，但要坚持下去。“能做什么，就做什么。在繁忙的季节，这就足够了。”)”可推知，导师建议作者从小处做起，水滴石穿，持之以恒。故选D。
C
Long lines at security checkpoints tiny plastic cups of drink, small bags of biscuit, planes full of passengers, fees attached to every service—all reflect the realities of 21st century commercial air travel. It’s no wonder that many travelers have become nostalgic (怀旧) for the so-called “golden age” of air travel in the United States.
During the 1950s, airlines promoted commercial air travel; airline hostesses served full meals on real china, airline seats were large and frequently empty with enough legroom, and passengers were always dressed well.
After jets were introduced in the late 1950s, passengers could travel to even the most distant locations at speeds unimaginable a decade before. An airline trip from New York to London that could take up to 15 hours in the early 1950s could be made in less than seven hours by the early 1960s.
But the good memory of airline in that time can be tricky, and “golden ages” are seldom as beautiful as they seem. Until the introduction of jets in 1958, most of the nation’s commercial planes were propeller-driven (螺旋桨驱动) aircraft. Most of these planes were unpressurized, and with a maximum cruising (巡航) altitude of 10,000 to 12,000 feet, they were unable to fly over bad weather. Delays were frequent, turbulence (气流) was common, and air sickness bags were often needed. For much of this period, the old saying “Time to spare, go by air” still rang true.
Through the 1930s and into the 1940s, almost everyone flew first class. Airlines did encourage more people to fly in the 1950s and 1960s by introducing coach or tourist fares, but the savings were relative: less expensive than first class, but still pricey. Although the invention of jets did result in lower fares, the cost was still out of reach of most Americans.
28. Why do passengers treasure the memory of the “golden age” of air travel?
A. Passengers behaved better in those days.
B. People traveled by plane more frequently at that time.
C. Commercial air travel has kept airplanes in short supply.
D. The air travel experience is much worse than it used to be.
29. How does the author develop the first two paragraphs?
A. By giving figures. B. By following time order.
C. By making comparisons. D. By explaining principles.
30. What can be learnt about the flights before the jet age from the text?
A. The flights were often delayed.
B. The flights didn’t offer meals to passengers
C. The flights could fly over 20,000 feet.
D. The flights were affordable for most people.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. The convenience of the modem airplanes.
B. The advantages of air travel in America.
C. The reality behind air travel’s golden age.
D. The old saying “Time to spare, go by air”.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了20世纪五六十年代，美国经历了所谓的航空旅行“黄会时代”，其背后却不那么光鲜的现实。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Long lines at security checkpoints, tiny plastic cups of drink, small bags of biscuit, planes full of passengers, fees attached to every service—all reflect the realities of 21st century commercial air travel. It’s no wonder that many travelers have become nostalgic (怀旧) for the so-called “golden age” of air travel in the United States.”（安检口排起了长队，小小的塑料杯饮料，小袋饼干，满载乘客的飞机，每项服务的附加费用——这些都反映了21世纪商业航空旅行的现实。难怪许多旅行者开始怀念美国所谓的航空旅行“黄金时代”。），由此可推知，旅客怀念“黄金时代”是由于现在的服务体验不如那时的好。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据前两段“Long lines at security checkpoints, tiny plastic cups of drink, small bags of biscuit, planes full of passengers, fees attached to every service—all reflect the realities of 21st century commercial air travel. It’s no wonder that many travelers have become nostalgic (怀旧) for the so-called “golden age” of air travel in the United States. During the 1950s, airlines promoted commercial air travel; airline hostesses served full meals on real china, airline seats were large and frequently empty with enough legroom, and passengers were always dressed well.”（安检口排起了长队，小小的塑料杯饮料，小袋饼干，满载乘客的飞机，每项服务的附加费用——这些都反映了21世纪商业航空旅行的现实。难怪许多旅行者开始怀念美国所谓的航空旅行“黄金时代”。20世纪50年代，航空公司促进了商业航空旅行；航空公司的女服务员在真正的中国提供全餐服务，航空公司的座位很大，经常空着，有足够的腿部空间，乘客总是穿着得体。）作者主要通过比较现在的航空旅行和“黄金时代”的航空旅行来行文。故选C项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Delays were frequent”（延误很频繁）可知，喷气式飞机之前的航班经常延误。故选A项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据第四段“But the good memory of airline in that time can be tricky, and “golden ages” are seldom as beautiful as they seem.”（但那段时间对航空公司的美好记忆可能很棘手，“黄金时代”很少像看上去那么美好）文章介绍了20世纪五六十年代，美国经历了所谓的航空旅行“黄会时代”，其背后却不那么光鲜的现实。故选C项。
D
Learning a new language is like you’re going through the jungle with a knife and creating a path. When you learn two languages at once, you’re cutting your way through the jungle to create two paths, which requires twice the discipline (自律), time and motivation.
But it is possible. A 2020 study published in the International Journal of Multilingualism found that Chinese students learning English and Russian at the same time achieved similar mastery in English compared to a control group that just studied English. This is likely because they have already made enormous efforts. A 2017 study suggests that bilinguals (双语者) can learn new languages faster than single-language learners.
The biggest challenge of learning two languages at the same time is finding enough time and opportunities to study them. But to know just how many efforts and resources to put into it, you’ll need to decide what you want to achieve with the languages you’re planning to adopt. Becoming professor-level fluent in Polish is going to take a really long time, but if you want to be able to have conversations while you’re traveling, that won’t take as much time.
To help you distribute (分配) your time and energy more effectively, and get a better idea of what your study plan will look like, it’s important to understand how difficult a particular language is for a native English speaker. While it can take up to 2,200 hours to learn languages like Arabic and Mandarin, if you grew up speaking English, it’ll be easier for you to pick up Czech and German, for example. The easiest languages for native English speakers to learn include Spanish French, and Portuguese, which require between 600 and 750 hours of class to achieve professional mastery.
If it feels too discouraging to go full speed ahead on both languages right away, it might be easier to understand basic grammar and vocabulary for one language before adding another one to the mix.
32. Why can bilingual learners do as well as single-language learners?
A. Bilingual learners are cleverer.
B. Bilingual learners work harder.
C. Bilingual learners are more interested in languages.
D. Bilingual learners have a better learning environment.
33. What determines the time it takes to learn foreign languages?
A. The occasions of using the languages.
B. The steps to learn the languages.
C. The professors teaching the languages.
D. The purpose of learning the languages.
34. Which language is hardest for native English speakers according to the text?
A. French. B. German. C. Mandarin. D. Portuguese.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Learning Two Languages at Once B. Ways of Leaning a New Language
C. Language Talent of Chinese Students D. Difficulty in Learning Language
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究发现，同时学习两种语言不但能够和单一语言学习者一样掌握这门语言，而且可以比单一语言学习者学习得更快。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“When you learn two languages at once, you’re cutting your way through the jungle to create two paths, which requires twice the discipline (自律), time and motivation.(当你同时学习两种语言时，你是在丛林中开辟两条道路，这需要加倍的自律、时间和动力)”及第二段中“This is likely because they have already made enormous efforts.(这可能是因为他们已经付出了巨大的努力)”可知，同时学习两门语言的人已经付出的努力更大。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But to know just how many efforts and resources to put into it, you’ll need to decide what you want to achieve with the languages you’re planning to adopt.(但是要知道需要投入多少努力和资源，你需要决定你想要通过计划采用的语言实现什么目标)”可知，决定学习外语花费多长时间取决于学习它们的目的。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“While it can take up to 2,200 hours to learn languages like Arabic and Mandarin, if you grew up speaking English, it’ll be easier for you to pick up Czech and German, for example. The easiest languages for native English speakers to learn include Spanish French, and Portuguese, which require between 600 and 750 hours of class to achieve professional mastery.(虽然学习阿拉伯语和普通话可能需要2200个小时，但如果你是说英语长大的，那么学习捷克语和德语就会更容易。对于以英语为母语的人来说，最容易学习的语言包括西班牙语、法语和葡萄牙语，这些语言需要600到750个小时的课程才能掌握)”可知，对于英语为母语的人来说，普通话是最难学习的。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“A 2020 study published in the International Journal of Multilingualism found that Chinese students learning English and Russian at the same time achieved similar mastery in English compared to a control group that just studied English. This is likely because they have already made enormous efforts. A 2017 study suggests that bilinguals (双语者) can learn new languages faster than single-language learners.(2020年发表在《国际多语言学杂志》上的一项研究发现，与只学习英语的对照组相比，同时学习英语和俄语的中国学生对英语的掌握程度相似。这可能是因为他们已经付出了巨大的努力。2017年的一项研究表明，双语者比单语学习者学习新语言的速度更快)”结合文章主要说明了一项研究发现同时学习两种语言不但能够和单一语言学习者一样掌握这门语言，而且可以比单一语言学习者学习得更快。故A选项“同时学习两种语言”最符合文章标题。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If hearing the importance of good social relationships makes you think that you might not have enough, you aren’t alone, said Adam Smiley Poswolsky, workplace belonging expert and author of “Friendship in the Age of Loneliness”.
____36____ However, the hope of developing new friendships — or strengthening existing ones — can be disappointing. It’s frightening to think about friendship in adulthood, and the sense of defeat keeps us from even trying, Poswolsky said.
His suggestion? ____37____ Text a friend that you haven’t talked to for a long time, commit to meeting one new person a month, host a dinner party, or join a class. If you do just one thing, make a list of five people in your life that you care about, and give one of them a phone call. The most remarkable friendships often begin with tiniest moments of connection.
Remember that you likely won’t form a strong connection overnight. Research shows that we need 90 hours of time together to consider someone a friend and more than 200 hours to consider them a close friend that you have an emotional connection with. Poswolsky suggested that in our busy world, we should put our friendship on the calendar. ____38____
But studies also show that it isn’t just about having relationships. ____39____ Poswolsky considers that there might not be just one definition of a good friendship, but most strong relationships share some similar qualities. They tend to prioritize (区分优先次序) laughter, joy, excitement, courage, weakness and a lack of judgment.
____40____ They become better versions of themselves, especially when their friend is struggling or going through something hard. You know someone is a true friend when they have your back when you’re sick, when you lose your job, when you make a mistake, when you’re going through a break-up, when you’re stressed, when you’re sad.
A. Start small.
B The quality also matters.
C. Listen and ask real questions.
D. Many people may feel lonely and want closer connections.
E. And good friendships are often two people helping each other.
F. In other words, we should commit to bolding activities regularly.
G. But having relationships between good and bad often can be unhelpful.
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. F 39. B 40. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何建立和保持良好的友谊。
【36题详解】
根据下文“However, the hope of developing new friendships — or strengthening existing ones — can be disappointing.(然而，发展新的友谊的希望——或者加强现有的——可以是令人失望的)”可知，前后语义是转折关系。由此可知，D. Many people may feel lonely and want closer connections.(很多人都会感到孤独，想要更亲密的关系)”能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选D。
【37题详解】
此处是本段主题句。根据下文“Text a friend that you haven’t talked to for a long time, commit to meeting one new person a month, host a dinner party, or join a class. If you do just one thing, make a list of five people in your life that you care about, and give one of them a phone call. The most remarkable friendships often begin with tiniest moments of connection.(给一个很久没联系的朋友发短信，承诺每个月见一个新朋友，举办一个晚宴，或者参加一个课程。如果你只做一件事，列出你生活中五个你关心的人，给他们中的一个打个电话。最非凡的友谊往往始于最细微的联系)”可知，本段讲述的是从小事情开始。由此可知，A. Start small.(从小处着手)能概括其内容，适合作本段主题句。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Poswolsky suggested that in our busy world, we should put our friendship on the calendar.(波斯沃尔斯基建议，在我们忙碌的世界里，我们应该把我们的友谊放在日历上)”可知，我们应该把友谊放在日历上，要安排和举办活动。由此可知，F. In other words, we should commit to bolding activities regularly.(换句话说，我们应该致力于定期举办活动)能够衔接上文，符合语境。选项中的regularly与calendar在时间上相照应。故选F。
【39题详解】
根据上文“But studies also show that it isn’t just about having relationships.(但研究也表明，这不仅仅是有关系的问题)”及下文“Poswolsky considers that there might not be just one definition of a good friendship, but most strong relationships share some similar qualities.(波斯沃尔斯基认为，好的友谊可能不只有一种定义，但大多数牢固的关系都有一些相似的品质)”可知，好的友谊不只是一种普通的关系，而是有一些重要品质的。由此可知，B. The quality also matters.(质量也很重要)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
【40题详解】
此处是本段主题句。根据下文“T They become better versions of themselves, especially when their friend is struggling or going through something hard. You know someone is a true friend when they have your back when you’re sick, when you lose your job, when you make a mistake, when you’re going through a break-up, when you’re stressed, when you’re sad.(他们成为更好的自己，尤其是当他们的朋友正在挣扎或经历一些困难的时候。当你生病时，当你失业时，当你犯错误时，当你经历分手时，当你感到压力时，当你悲伤时，他们会支持你，你就知道一个人是真正的朋友)”可知，本段讲述的是当朋友遇到困难时，能够互相帮助。由此可知，E. And good friendships are often two people helping each other.(好的友谊经常是两个人相互帮助)能概括其内容，适合作本段主题句。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I argued with my sixteen-year-old son Anthony again. I rushed out of the house with ____41____. Shaking my head in disappointment and seeking ____42____, I walked toward Clara, my elderly neighbor. I told her it was for his ____43____ this time. We were always ____44____ about his clothes, his messy room, or his loud music.
Clara ____45____ and said, “It’s only a small thing.” Then the smile disappeared from her face, and she became ____46____. During her hard life, she had ____47____ to say, “But it’s only…” “It’s only something, and tomorrow will be ____48____. Everybody has enough heartaches and ____49____ in their lives, so we shouldn’t waste time and energy on the ‘it’s only’ things that come their way,” she continued.
I walked back with Clara’s words circling around in my head and ____50____ in my heart. I prepared a piece of cake, Anthony’s favorite ____51____. He stared at the plate eagerly, but there was still a hit of ____52____ in his eyes. He looked at me and ____53____ asked why I had no one word about his hair.
I said it was only hair. He ____54____ a smile as he took the cake and said that was what he had been trying to tell me. Now I realize that he actually didn’t want to fight with me but just wanted me to hear the ____55____ he was making.
41. A. fear B. anger C. joy D. satisfaction
42. A. respect B. courage C. comfort D. trust
43. A. haircut B. clothes C. room D. study
44. A. complaining B. arguing C. thinking D. joking
45. A. agreed B. hesitated C. smiled D. approached
46. A. nervous B. patient C. proud D. serious
47. A. regretted B. planned C. refused D. learned
48. A. harder B. familiar C. better D. similar
49. A. power B. trouble C. peace D. danger
50. A. taking root B. breaking up C. turning over D. clearing away
51. A. memory B. collection C. decoration D. treat
52. A. relief B. doubt C. interest D. excitement
53. A. curiously B. officially C. confidently D. wisely
54. A. hid B. exchanged C. managed D. won
55. A. wish B. promise C. deal D. point
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者总是因为一些小事和自己的儿子争吵，在邻居克拉拉的安慰之后，作者意识到不应该把时间和精力浪费在即将到来的事情上，儿子也表示自己并不想跟作者争吵，只是想让作者听听自己的观点。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我怒气冲冲地冲出了房子。A. fear害怕；B. anger愤怒；C. joy快乐；D. satisfaction满足。根据上文“I argued with my sixteen-year-old son Anthony again. ”以及下文“Shaking my head in disappointment”可知，作者和儿子争吵，感觉失望，此处表示生气地冲出房子。故选B。
42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：失望地摇摇头，寻求安慰，我走向年迈的邻居克拉拉。A. respect尊重；B. courage勇气；C. comfort安慰；D. trust相信。根据上文“I rushed out of the house with ____1____. Shaking my head in disappointment and seeking”以及语境可知，作者感觉失望，去找邻居寻求安慰。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她这次是因为他的发型。A. haircut发型；B. clothes衣服；C. room房间；D. study学习。根据下文“He looked at me and ____13____ asked why I had no one word about his hair.”可知，这次作者和儿子争吵是因为儿子的发型。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们总是为他的衣服、他凌乱的房间或他吵闹的音乐而争吵。A. complaining抱怨；B. arguing争吵；C. thinking思考；D. joking开玩笑。根据上文“I argued with my sixteen-year-old son Anthony again.”可知，此处表示作者总是和儿子争吵。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：克拉拉微笑着说：“这只是一件小事。”A. agreed同意；B. hesitated犹豫；C. smiled微笑；D. approached接近。根据下文“Then the smile disappeared from her face,”可知，此处表示克拉拉在微笑。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后笑容从她的脸上消失了，她变得严肃起来。A. nervous紧张的；B. patient有耐心的；C. proud骄傲的；D. serious严肃的。根据上文“Then the smile disappeared from her face, and she became”以及常识可知，克拉拉的笑容消失，变得严肃。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她艰难的生活中，她学会了说：“但这只是……”“这只是一些事情，明天会更好。”A. regretted后悔；B. planned计划；C. refused拒绝；D. learned学习。根据下文“to say, “But it’s only…” “It’s only something, and tomorrow will be ____8____. Everybody has enough heartaches and ____9____ in their lives, so we shouldn’t waste time and energy on the ‘it’s only’ things that come their way,””以及语境可推知，克拉拉在她艰难的生活中，学会了一些东西。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她艰难的生活中，她学会了说：“但这只是……”“这只是一些事情，明天会更好。”A. harder更难的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. better更好的；D. similar相像的。根据下文“Everybody has enough heartaches and ____9____ in their lives, so we shouldn’t waste time and energy on the ‘it’s only’ things that come their way,””以及语境可知，克拉拉在描述自己学会说的话，这只是一些事情，明天会变得更好。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人的生活中都有足够的心痛和麻烦，所以我们不应该把时间和精力浪费在即将到来的‘这只是’的事情上。A. power能力；B. trouble麻烦；C. peace和平；D. danger危险。根据上文“I argued with my sixteen-year-old son Anthony again.”以及“Everybody has enough heartaches and”可知，人们在生活中都会面临心痛和麻烦的情况。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我走了回来，克拉拉的话在我的脑海中盘旋，在我的心中扎根。A. taking root扎根；B. breaking up分解；C. turning over翻转；D. clearing away清除。根据下文“I said it was only hair.”以及语境可知，克拉拉的话在作者心中扎根，作者也学会了说“这只是……”。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我准备了一块蛋糕，这是安东尼最喜欢的食物。A. memory记忆；B. collection集合；C. decoration装饰；D. treat款待。根据下文“He stared at the plate eagerly, but there was still a hit of ____12____ in his eyes.”可知，作者准备的蛋糕是安东尼最喜欢的食物，treat意为“款待”，此处表示好吃的东西。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他急切地盯着盘子，但眼睛里仍然充满了怀疑。A. relief宽慰；B. doubt怀疑；C. interest兴趣；D. excitement激动。根据下文“He looked at me and ____13____ asked why I had no one word about his hair.”可知，此处表示安东尼眼中充满怀疑。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他看着我，好奇地问我为什么对他的头发只字未提。A. curiously奇怪地；B. officially正式地；C. confidently自信地；D. wisely明智地。根据下文“asked why I had no one word about his hair.”可知，安东尼好奇地询问作者为什么不提自己的头发了。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他接过蛋糕笑了笑，说这是他一直想告诉我的。A. hid隐藏；B. exchanged交换；C. managed设法做到，勉力完成；D. won赢。根据下文“a smile as he took the cake and said that was what he had been trying to tell me. ”可知，安东尼勉力完成一个微笑，告诉作者那就是自己一直想要告诉作者的。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我意识到，他其实并不想和我争吵，只是想让我听听他的观点。A. wish希望；B. promise承诺；C. deal交易；D. point观点。根据上文“He ____14____ a smile as he took the cake and said that was what he had been trying to tell me”可知，此处表示安东尼只是想让作者听听他的观点。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
As Buddhism got popular in China during the Tang Dynasty, there was a strong need to make ____56____ large number of Buddhist scriptures (佛经), and copying by hand could not meet the ____57____ (rise) demand. Therefore, ancient Chinese craftsmen (工匠) found a new way to mass produce printed scriptures. Thus ____58____ (come) the woodblock printing
Traditional woodblock printing is divided into four major steps: writing, carving, printing, and binding. ____59____ each step including several procedures (步骤), it takes roughly 30 steps ____60____ (produce) a woodblock print.
Carving lies at the center of woodblock printing as this difficult step can either make the final print ____61____ break it. Characters and images are carved to make raised areas that will ____62____ (eventual) apply ink to paper. It calls for a pair of skillful hands.
A five-meter scroll of the Buddhist scripture Diamond Sutra, which ____63____ (complete) in 868 AD, is the “earliest dated printed book” in the words of the British Library, ____64____ it is stored. It is just one of the ancient ____65____ ( work) of art that not only tell the wisdom of our predecessors, but witness the seeking of beauty by Chinese craftsmen throughout centuries.
【答案】56. a 57. rising
58. came 59. With
60. to produce
61. or 62. eventually
63. was completed
64. where 65. works
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了历史悠久的中国木版印刷。
【56题详解】
考查冠词。句意：随着佛教在唐代在中国的流行，人们迫切需要制作大量的佛经，而手工抄写已经无法满足日益增长的需求。a large number of为固定短语，表示“许多，大量”，符合题意，所以空处应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着佛教在唐代在中国的流行，人们迫切需要制作大量的佛经，而手工抄写已经无法满足日益增长的需求。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，rise与逻辑主语demand之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作定语。故填rising。
【58题详解】
考查时态。句意：木版印刷术就这样诞生了。come在句中作谓语，且结合上文可知，句子描述过去的事件，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填came。
【59题详解】
考查介词。句意：每一步都包括几个步骤，制作一幅木版画大约需要30个步骤。分析句子结构可知，逗号之前为句子状语，空处应用介词with，with复合结构作伴随状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填With。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：每一步都包括几个步骤，制作一幅木版画大约需要30个步骤。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，空处应用动词不定式形式作真正的主语。故填to produce。
【61题详解】
考查连词。句意：雕刻是木版印刷的核心，因为这一困难的步骤可以制作最终的印刷品，也可以破坏它。根据句中make和break可知，此处表示两种情况选择其一，成功或者破坏，either…or…表示“或者……或者……”，所以空处应用连词or。故填or。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：字符和图像被雕刻成凸起的区域，最终将墨水涂到纸上。空处修饰动词apply，应用副词eventually，表示“最终”，符合题意。故填eventually。
【63题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：一幅五米长的佛经《金刚经》卷轴完成于公元868年，现藏于大英图书馆，用大英图书馆的话说，它是“最早的有日期的雕版印刷书”。根据时间状语in 868 AD可知，句子应用一般现在时，which指代Diamond Sutra，与complete之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且Diamond Sutra是单数，be动词应用was。故填was completed。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一幅五米长的佛经《金刚经》卷轴完成于公元868年，现藏于大英图书馆，用大英图书馆的话说，它是“最早的有日期的雕版印刷书”。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the British Library，先行词指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：它是一件古老的艺术品，不仅讲述了前人的智慧，也见证了中国工匠几个世纪以来对美的追求。句中名词work表示“作品”，是可数名词，“one of+复数名词”表示“……之一”，所以空处应用名词的复数形式。故填works。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 你校正在就是否允许在校园安装自动售货机（vending machine）征求同学们的意见。请写一篇短文给校英文报投稿，表明你的观点并列举理由。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Should Vending Machines Be Allowed in the School?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Should Vending Machines Be Allowed in the School?
Vending machines should be allowed in schools because they provide students with a variety of healthy snacks and cheap study items of high quality throughout the school day, which can help those who are struggling with hunger and lacking in study tools. At the same time, teachers can also benefit from them. In order to ensure the quality of goods and prevent students being wasteful, the management should keep track of the students’ consumption and the quality of the items in the vending machines.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校正在就是否允许在校园安装自动售货机（vending machine）征求同学们的意见。请写一篇短文给校英文报投稿，表明你的观点并列举理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
确保：ensure→make sure
帮助：help→give sb. a hand
各种各样的：a variety of→various
同时：at the same time→meanwhile
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to ensure the quality of goods and prevent students being wasteful, the management should keep track of the students’ consumption and the quality of the items in the vending machines.
拓展句：The management should keep track of the students’ consumption and the quality of the items in the vending machines so that they can ensure the quality of goods and prevent students being wasteful.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Vending machines should be allowed in schools because they provide students with a variety of healthy snacks and cheap study items of high quality throughout the school day, which can help those who are struggling with hunger and lacking in study tools. (运用了because引导原因状语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句和who引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] In order to ensure the quality of goods and prevent students being wasteful, the management should keep track of the students’ consumption and the quality of the items in the vending machines. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At the fanciest restaurant in town, Emily’s most recent date, Nathaniel, talked about his boats, horses, and real estate (房地产) collection. He was exactly the kind of man her parents wanted her to marry, but she was unimpressed. Suddenly, a quarrel at the door caught her attention.
“Please, I just want some fries!” an old woman in cheap clothing begged. Emily fixed her eyes on her bare feet and frowned. Being barefoot was unacceptable at any restaurant. The waiter was displeased and tried to drive her out, but something in Emily’s heart told her to stand up. “Wait a second,” she said to the waiter. “She’s with me.”
The waiter’s eyes widened as Emily gestured for the woman to join her table. Nathaniel’s face turned red. “What are you doing, Emily?” he demanded, whispering although the old woman could hear him.
“I’m inviting this woman to sit with us. Is that a problem?” she asked sweetly. The old woman introduced herself as Martha.
“Yes, it is!” Nathaniel replied, throwing his cloth napkin on the table, standing up quickly and going out angrily.
“Bye!” she waved at him as she sat down. Her voice termed sympathetic and kind as she looked at Martha. “Now, what’s going on? Can you tell me why you’re here? And why are you barefoot?”
“Oh, madam. You didn’t have to invite me to your table,” Martha shook her bead. “I just wanted some fries for my grandson. He’s just been so sick, and I can’t get him to eat anything. He told me he only wants some fries. So I sold my shoes to a man walking by and he gave me enough for some.”
“May I ask, why not go to a fast food place?” Emily said gently.
“Well, this place was closer. It’s too hot outside for me to walk much farther without shoes,” Martha answered. The woman continued telling her story. She and her grandson had been living on the streets for a few years since her daughter died, and they couldn’t afford rent because no one would hire her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Emily’s eyes watered as she took off her shoes.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The other guests put their shoes back on.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Emily’s eyes watered as she took off her shoes. “First of all, take my shoes. You can’t walk around barefoot,” Emily said, trying to hold herself together. “No, let me give her my shoes,” another customer at the restaurant told Emily, who had approached their table. Then, Emily noticed with wide eyes that everyone else had been looking at them and heard the entire conversation. All of them had their shoes in their hands. Finally, Martha put on Emily’s shoes — a simple pair of flats.
The other guests put their shoes back on. They collected money and gave it to Martha. The waiter came with an order of fries packed in a box and a few other boxes with more food. He apologized to Martha. Emily decided to do more for them. She helped Martha get her grandson admitted into a hospital and ensured they would give him as many fries as he wanted during his stay. She later got Martha a job at one of the local supermarkets. The scene in the restaurant was the most moving display Emily had ever seen. At that moment, she felt hopeful for the world.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了艾米丽在餐馆和人约会时，看到一位老妇人光着脚来餐厅买薯条，但遭到服务员的拒绝，出于善意，艾米丽邀请她到自己的餐桌来，听她讲了自己的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“艾米丽脱下鞋子时眼睛湿润了。”可知，第一段可描写艾米丽被老妇人感动，想要帮助她，同时餐厅其他顾客也听到了老妇人的故事，都想要帮助她，老妇人选择了艾米丽的鞋。
②由第二段首句内容“其他顾客都把鞋子穿上了。”可知，第二段可描写所有人给老妇人更多帮助，以及艾米丽的感悟。
2. 续写线索：艾米丽把鞋给老妇人——其他顾客也想把鞋给老妇人——老妇人选择艾米丽的鞋——其他顾客穿上鞋——所有人给予老妇人帮助——艾米丽的感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①注意到：notice/observe/perceive
②收集：collect/gather/assemble
③道歉：apologize/say sorry/make an apology
④确保：ensure/make sure/guarantee
情绪类
①令人感动的：moving/touching/affecting
②充满希望的：hopeful/optimistic
【点睛】[高分句型1] “No, let me give her my shoes,” another customer at the restaurant told Emily, who had approached their table. (who引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] She helped Martha get her grandson admitted into a hospital and ensured they would give him as many fries as he wanted during his stay. (that引导宾语从句并被省略、as引导限制性定语从句)
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