四川省眉山市彭山区第一中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题

这是一份四川省眉山市彭山区第一中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题，共13页。

第 一 部 分 听 力(共两节，满分30分)
第 一 节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Hw did the man get the news?
The teacher tld him.
He gt the news frm an email.
He was infrmed by the wman.
When will the wman cme t the man’s party?
A. At 7:40 pm.B. At 8:00 pm.C. At 8:20 pm.
Hw will the wman prbably listen t music?
On the net.B. On the CD.C. On the radi.
What is the wman speaker like?
Cnsiderate.B. Understanding.C. Sprty.
What determined the wman’s chice f the htel?
The cmments.B. The fd.C. The lcatin.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6、7 题。
6. Hw des the man like t watch ftball matches?
A. On TV B. With ftball players C. On live sprts field
7. What des the man think exciting fr live ftball matches?
A. The atmsphere B. Ftball fans C. Ftball sngs
听下面一段对话，回答第8、9题。
8. What happened t the wman?
A. She left her handbag n the bus.
B. She missed the N.22 bus yesterday.
C. She didn't find City Bus Cmpany.
9. What did the man tell the wman?
A. They didn't find anything like that.
B. Smene fund it and gave it t them.
C. It was certain that smene tk it away.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。
Wh is Sptty?
The man’s little brther.
human wh isn’t liked by the man.
A dg belnging t the by’s family.
What des the man think f Sptty?
He likes him. B. He dislikes him. C. He appreciates him.
What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
Sptty will nt be in the family picture.
Sptty will be in the family picture with a hat.
Sptty will be in the family picture with n hat.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。
What are the tw speakers talking abut?
Fds and activities.
Fds that they dn’t like.
Activities r things they dn’t like t d.
What’s the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
Bss and wrker B. Teacher and student. C. Interviewer and interviewee.
What can we learn abut the wman?
She prefers washing dishes t mwing the lawn.
She prefers mwing the lawn t washing dishes.
She likes bth mwing the lawn and washing dishes.
What des the man think f cking?
He likes cking. B. He dislikes cking. C. He desn’t mind cking
听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题
17. What kind f peple are “early birds”?
A. The peple getting up arund 5:00 r 6:00 am.
B. The peple ging t bed arund 9.00 r 10.00 pm.
C. The peple ging t bed arund 10:00 r 1:00 pm.
18. When d mst teenagers g t bed?
A. Arund 9:00 pm. B. Arund 10:00 pm. C. Arund midnight r later.
19. Hw many teenagers sleep enugh?
A. One-fifth. B. Tw-fifths. C. One-furth
20. What are night wls better at?
A. Getting grades in schl. B. Sme intelligence tests. C. Getting gd jbs.
Anatmy (解剖学) Museum Tur
With
Time
Wh
Prfessr
Susan Standring
1st December;
3-5 PM
Only fr Medical
and Healthcare
students- please bring yur student
ID!
ONLY 20
places!
Shiny Stcking
Jin the KCL Jazz Sciety fr ur Christmas Cncert!
Sunday, 4th December 2022,4 PM
Great Hall, Strand Campus
Free Entry!
S bring alng yur friend!
Dnatins welcmed.
Dnate £1 r mre and receive a free suvenir!
第 二 部 分 阅 读 理 解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D) 中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A
We are King's Cllege Lndn(KCL)Students' Unin!
We have a huge range f events!
21. What is special abut Anatmy Museum Tur?
A. It will be held in the afternn.
B. It is nly fr students f certain majrs.
C. There is n limit t the number f participants.
D. Students frm ther schls shuld pay t attend it.
22. Hw much will yu pay if yu dnate 2 shirts and take 2 cats at Clthes Exchange?
A. £4. B. £2. C. £1. D. £0.
23. Which event is pen t every student free f charge?
B
Recently, a new kind f turism has sprung up in China. Called “special frces style turism”, this new kind f turism features visiting multiple scenic interests in a shrt, intense perid, mst ften n weekends. It is ppular amng cllege students, reprted China Yuth Daily.
Yu Yinghua in Shanghai Lixin University f Accunting and Finance is ne f them. The 22-year-ld started the “special frces style turism” in March after she was attracted by such experiences f Xiahngshu travel blggers. “Cnfined (限制) t the schl fr almst three years due t the pandemic, I’m hungry t take trips in my spare time,” said Yu.
Her mst recent trip was t Shanghai. Starting at 7 am, the 22-year-ld visited nine lcal attractins. “That day, I walked almst 30,000 steps,” Yu said, “Thugh it’s a bit tiring, I enjy the trip as much as day-lng trips. It still lets me have a better understanding f the cities I g t.”
Unlike Yu wh traveled in nearby cities, Chen Junjun, a dctral student at Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, CAS, likes t travel far t rid herself f academic stress. In April, the 24-year-ld tk a tw-day trip t Xi’an, Shaanxi. During her trip, she visited all the scenic sites in the city. “Juggling (同时应付) many academic respnsibilities, such a trip can bring a splash f clr (一抹亮色) t my stressful life!” said Chen.
Even s, the 24-year-ld added that such turism is nt suitable fr everyne. Chen said that it’s labr-cnsuming as visitrs have t see as many sites as pssible in an intensive (集中的) perid. T sme extent, such trips are nt flexible as lng-day trips in which yu can change yur plan as yu like. “Thus, abundant energy and a calm mind are necessary fr special frces style turism,” said Chen.
24.What can we infer abut special frces style turism frm the text?
A. It is exhausting but rewarding.
B. It is ppular with all peple in China.
C. It features visiting multiple scenic interests in a relaxing way.
D. It is flexible as lng-day trips in which yu can change yur plan as yu like.
25. Which f the fllwing is NOT the reasn why peple take t this new kind f turism?
A. It can bring relief t ur stressful life.
B. It can cntribute t learning mre abut the sites.
C. It can help save time and mney while enjying the sites better.
D. Cnfined fr almst three years due t the pandemic, peple lng t take trips.
26. If yu want t try special frces style turism, yu will prbably _______
A. visit eight places in Beijing within ne day.
B. cmmunicate with lcal peple in Chengdu.
C. stay in a cmfrtable htel in Dali fr three days.
D. visit tw famus places in Chngqing within ne week.
27. What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. A new kind f turism has sprung up.
B. Special frces style turism is well-received wrldwide.
C. Cllege students like visiting scenic interests n weekends.
D. Cllege students challenge themselves by traveling n a tight schedule.
C
Heavy traffic desn’t stp big mammals like bears frm crssing highways — nr des it keep smaller creatures frm being squished (压扁) by cars. In just tw years alng ne highway in Utah, mre than 100 animals were killed in traffic accidents. In the United States, there are 21 endangered species whse survival is threatened by traffic accidents.
Hwever, there’s ne way t reduce crashes between cars and animals crssing the rad: wildlife under and verpasses. Lking much like a regular verpass fr cars, but decrated with native plants, they aren’t particularly nticeable unless yu knw what yu’re lking fr. The drivers may nt be able t see the under crssings. But they’re helping cuntless species t pass the highways, frm gld mnkeys in Brazil t water vles in Lndn.
Washingtn State is ne f the latest t jin in. Building its first wildlife bridge began in 2015 ver Interstate 90 (1-90), which runs frm Seattle t Bstn. Thugh it’s just a bare set f arches nw, with native plants t be planted next year, deer and wlves are already using it. Alng with six underpasses built since 2013, these crssings are the first in a set f 20 alng a 15-mile stretch f highway n I-90. These passes will allw black bears and muntain lins t pass thrugh what was nce an impenetrable rad.
These wildlife crssings aren’t just abut saving individual animals —they’re abut species survival, t. I-90 is an ecnmically imprtant east-west lifeline in the state. But many f the animals mstly want t mve frm nrth t suth. Thse animals n the suth f the highway gt trapped in an island. Inbreeding (近亲繁殖) became a ptential prblem. Lcalized extinctin happens if they dn’t have genetic variability. The Snqualmie verpass helps recnnect these islated (隔绝的) ppulatins. I-90’s underpasses are imprtant in cnnecting waterways and species.
Why des the authr talk abut the heavy traffic in Paragraph 1?
A．T shw the results f wildlife prtectin.
B．T indicate its serius threat f ver speeding.
C．T raise peple’s awareness f the behavir f wildlife.
D．T intrduce the fllwing way t prtect wild animals.
29. In rder t save wildlife, what is suggested t d accrding t Paragraph 2?
A．Letting drivers see highways.B．Building highway crssing fr animals.
C．Decrating busy rads with native plants. D. Nticing under and verpasses while driving.
30. Why are wildlife crssings ver 1-90 imprtant fr species t survive?
A. Because they can prtect native plants fr animals.
B. Because they are ecnmically imprtant fr the cuntry.
C. Because they can help animals trapped in the island n the nrth.
D. Because they will prevent species frm dying ut fr lacking genetic variety.
31. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Islated Wildlife: A Ptential Prblem
B．Highway Accidents: A Killer f Wild Animals
C．Wildlife Bridges: A Slutin t Wildlife Prtectin
D．Wildlife Crssing: A Regular Overpass fr Wildlife
D
There’s n dubt that psitive thinking impacts ne’s life. Hwever, in recent years, I’ve cme t understand that perhaps psitive thinking can result in txic psitivity, which has negative cnsequences. What we shuld be aiming fr instead is emtinal validatin (确认).
Txic psitivity is the maintenance f psitive thinking even in situatins where it isn’t apprpriate. “It ften cmes at the risk f denying ur wn real feelings r the feelings f thers,” says Nina Vasan, MD．While psitive thinking in general is a great thing, txic psitivity isn’t. It’s the act f denying anything negative that’s actually happening, and it can invlve making peple feel bad fr having nrmal human emtins. Smene practicing txic psitivity might say things like “everything happens fr a reasn” r “just lk n the bright side” when a friend shares smething difficult in his/her life.
Vasan tells us that with txic psitivity, emtins like srrw and anger are pushed aside. Hwever, emtinal validatin allws yu t have yur feelings. T be exact, emtinal validatin is abut allwing peple t experience their feelings and accepting that having negative feelings is real and ften imprtant. That desn’t mean it prmtes and encurages negative thinking endlessly, thugh.
Txic psitivity encurages us t fcus nly n the psitive, which can stp us frm dealing with the feelings we need t wrk thrugh. Practicing emtinal validatin is a healthier ptin fr yu. “This can be as simple as saying ‘I understand yu’re really sad’.” explains Vasan. Offering yur understanding shws ur lved nes that we care abut their feelings. Besides, instead f telling smene t lk n the bright side, yu shuld ffer wrds and thughts f supprt instead.
Txic psitivity has becme prevalent, and yu prbably knw a lt f peple wh dismiss yur negative experiences with statements like “Yu’re t sensitive”. Nw yu can say: Whatever yu’re feeling is temprary and allwing yurself t feel it will help yu get thrugh it.
What is emtinal validatin?
A. Maintaining psitive in hard times.B. Permitting emtinal ups and dwns.
C. Denying peple’s negative feelings.D. Aviding risks in terrible situatins.
33. What may the authr recmmend yu t say t a sad persn?
A. Perhaps smething frtunate is still waiting fr yu.
B. I’m sure there’s a gd reasn fr what has happened.
C. Yu have every right t feel upset and I am here fr yu.
D. I understand yur sadness but being sensitive is n gd.
34. What des the underlined wrd “prevalent” in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A. Cmplicated. B. Widespread.C. Instructive.D. Essential.
35. What is the main idea f the text?
A. Sticking t psitivity is significant.B. Prmting psitivity is wrthwhile.
C. Expressing negativity is inapprpriate.D. Admitting negativity is reasnable.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
English family names r surnames as we knw tday weren't widely used until the Nrman cnquest(征服) f 1066. Befre that time there weren't enugh peple t make it necessary t use anything ther than a single name. 36 peple began adding descriptins such as "Jhn the Baker" t tell between peple f the same name. These descriptive names eventually became assciated with a family, passed dwn frm ne generatin t the next.
Occupatinal(职业性的) Surnames. 37 Tw cmmn English surname, Smith and Wright, are excellent examples f this. A name ending in"-man"usually suggests a trade name, as in Chapman(shpkeeper).
Descriptive Surnames. Based n a unique quality r physical characteristic f the individual, descriptive surnames ften develped frm nicknames. Mst refer t an individual's appearance, like size, clr r physical shape, fr example, Little r Armstrng. 38 Gdchild r Wise are gd examples f this.
Gegraphical Surnames. These are names cming frm the lcatin f the land in which the first bearer and his family lived, and are generally the mst cmmn rigin f English surnames. They were first intrduced int England by the Nrmans, many f whm were knwn by the name f their persnal lands. 39 Cunty names in Great Britain, such as Kent and Devn, have been cmmnly adpted as surnames.
Other lcal surnames are frm descriptive landscape features such as hills and wds which describe the land where the bearer lives. 40
A. As the cuntry's ppulatin grew,
B. As a persn entered under ne surname,
C. A rare name can tell yu the family's rigin.
D. This is the rigin f surnames such as Hill and Bush.
E. They may als refer t an individual's persnal character.
F. Many English surnames develped frm a persn's jb r trade.
G. Thus, many English surnames develped frm the name f an actual twn r cunty.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A, B, C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
It was the selectin prcess fr a Ph.D prgram. The 2-day interview gt ff t a(n) 41 start when the prfessr I mst wanted t wrk with was s 42 by my cmpetitr’s presentatin that he gave her a high-five. I reminded myself there was mre than ne spt t be filled, and headed t dinner. There, my future adviser fund me. “It’s 43 f yu t apply with such a track recrd,” he said. “Dn’t 44 visiting my lab tmrrw.” I wasn’t sure whether t feel 45 r teased (取笑), but I knew I needed t impress him t have a chance.
The next day, in the rm full f my 46 , the prfessr invited me t the micrscpe. Accidentally, my finger gt caught between the tw buttns f his shirt and made the shirt pen. The thers were frzen with 47 , but I kept calm and 48 the situatin. I aplgized and then turned t the science.
Years later, I asked my adviser why he 49 me, even if my track recrd was 50 and I had made a fl f myself. “That’s simple,” he replied. “I was lking fr a trubleshter wh wn’t 51 at a time f crisis. And this is exactly what yu 52 .” At that mment, I 53 that maybe the bvius trubles during the interview happened nt t me but fr me, because therwise I wuld have had n 54 t stand ut.
Since then, when facing 55 , I’ve managed t stay psitive.
41、A. quickB. freshC. amazingD. discuraging
42、A. shckedB. relievedC. impressedD. cnfused
43、A. smartB. kindC. braveD. strange
44、A. missB. cnsiderC. appreciateD. fancy
45、A. amusedB. praisedC. judgedD. abandned
46、A. judgesB. assistantsC. classmatesD. cmpetitrs
47、A. curisityB. awkwardnessC. fearD. excitement
48、A. recveredB. simplifiedC. cntrlledD. recgnized
49、A. invitedB. selectedC. suggestedD. detected
50、A. uniqueB. universalC. weakD. lst
51、A. break dwnB. slw dwnC. take nD. mve n
52、A. believedB. understdC. explainedD. displayed
53、A. expectedB. realizedC. decidedD. annunced
54、A. intentinB. attemptC. chiceD. chance
55、A. challenges B. injustice C. failures D. desperatin
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lang Lang is a Chinese pian superstar wh has sld millins f albums wrldwide. He has als used his fame and frtune t help schls 56_______ lack musical instruments and equipment. Nw he 57_______ (bring) music t British state schls in an 58_______ (inspire) prject that will set up "pian labs" acrss the natin.
Befre this prject, he has set up pian labs in 86 schls in the US, giving 70,000 kids access 59_______ keybards. In China, he has put them in 104 schls, 60_______ (enable) 110,000 children t make music. This is 61_______ (chief) fr pupils aged 7 t 12.
The first UK schl t be helped is the Winns primary schl, Lndn’s 12th mst disadvantaged twn, where 53% f residents are frm a minrity ethnic backgrund. It will receive 30 keybards within the next few weeks. Every lab is accmpanied by a curse 62_______ (create) by the Trnt-based Ryal Cnservatry f Music and Lang Lang.
Lang Lang said: "When I visit ur partner schls and see 63_______ jy n the students’ faces r hear frm ur teachers abut the prgress students are making, I 64_______ (remind) f why We created this prgramme — t give children an pprtunity t discver 65_______ they are able t achieve and t lift up their vices thrugh music."
第四部分 写作
第一节 （满分15分）
你校英语演讲俱乐部即将迎来五周年纪念日(anniversary)。请你写一篇短文给校报的英语专栏投稿，内容包括：
1.受益之处；
2.期待和祝福。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
English Speech Club and Me
___________________________________________________________________________
Clthes Exchange
Thursday, 1st December
11:30am-2:00pm
The Studi, Bush Huse
£ 2 ticket and pick up 1 item yu like
Free Entry if yu dnate
clthes in advance r n the day!
Yu are able t cllect as many items as yu dnated.
Shab-E Games
Yalda Night
Jin us fr a fun night
full f cmpetitive games
while celebrating Shabe Yalda!
Wednesday, 7th December
5pm| £4 per persn
Students frm ther schls wh want
t attend need t infrm us 24 hurs
befre either via ur scial media r
email: welfaresciety@utlk.cm.
A. Shiny Stcking.
B. Anatmy Museum Tur.
C. Clthes Exchange.
D. Shab-E Yalda Games Night.
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
54、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a single mther, I’ve never dubted my daughter Jane’s dream t be a singer n the stage. At an early age, she was crazy abut singing. Whenever she had a chance, she wuld sing t her heart’s cntent. Her sweet and charming vice tended t get peple arund attracted t her sngs.
Living in a small city, I tk several dd jbs, determined t d everything in my pwer t supprt her. Sn after Jane attended schl, her music teacher Mary nticed her talent by chance and vlunteered t give her sme guidance n hw t sing. Jane practiced s hard that befre lng she made great prgress in singing.
Unfrtunately, ne nn a year later, Jane was crssing the street when a careless driver kncked her dwn. She was rushed t hspital. When I hurried there, the dctr tld me that my daughter wuld prbably nt stand n her wn feet. I frze with shck, feeling as if I had been thrwn int a dark wrld. Weak and dizzy, I was abut t fall t the grund when smene tk hld f me.
It was Mary, wh gt the news and raced here. She cmfrted me, saying firmly, “Grace, Jane needs yu. Yu must stay calm and strng.” I ndded. Having calmed dwn, I entered the ward (病房) with Mary.
That night, Jane recvered her cnsciusness (知觉) and pened her eyes. Hlding her hand, I said, “My dear, everything wuld be fine.” Mary cmfrted her gently, “I knw yu are a strng girl, Jane. Dn’t wrry. We’ll be standing by yu.” I was heartbrken t see tears streaming dwn Jane’s cheeks.
After tw mnths, we returned hme frm hspital. Her teachers and friends frequently visited her. Jane eventually accepted the fact that she wuld have t get arund in a wheelchair. Never did she refer t the subject f singing again. I knew she was a nice and understanding girl, wh was afraid that talking abut her riginal dream wuld upset the tw f us.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
One day, hwever, Mary came with gd news.
______________________________________________________________________
When the hst annunced it was Jane’s turn, she was wheeled nt the stage.
_________________________________________________________________________彭山一中高25届10月月考 英语
参考答案
第一部分 听力（满分 30 分）
1-5 BCACA 6-10 CAAAC 11-15 ACCCB 16-20 BBCAB
第二部分 阅读理解（满分 50 分）
第一节（满分37.5分）
21-25 BDAAC 26-30 ADDBD 31-35 CBCBD
第二节（满分12.5分）
36-40 AFEGD
第三部分 语言知识运用（满分30分）
第一节 完形填空
41-45 DCCAB 46-50 DBCBC 51-55 ADBDA
第二节语法填空
56.which/that 57.is bringing 58.inspiring 59.t 60.enabling 61.chiefly 62.created 63.the 64.am reminded 65.what
第四部分 写作（满分40分）
第一部分
English Speech Club and Me
As the fifth anniversary f the English Speech Club appraches, I wuld like t express hw prud I am t be a member f it.
I have benefited greatly frm the club. I have learned varius ways f speaking English fluently. In additin, I have learned a lt frm Mr. Brwn, the instructr f the club. Fr example, he taught me t pay attentin t my bdy language when making a speech. Mre imprtantly, regular interactin with ther members has made me mre cnfident.
When it cmes t the expectatin, I d hpe a wide range f activities will be rganized, which will definitely appeal t mre students t jin us. Finally, I wish the club culd have a brighter future and gain mre ppularity.
第二部分 读后续写
One day, hwever, Mary came with gd news. She tld Jane the schl music festival was t be held the next mnth and that her classmates all expected her t sing n behalf f her class. Jane’s eyes sparkled but respnded dubtfully, “Can ” Mary and I immediately assured her that she culd make it. In the fllwing mnth, with the help f Mary, Jane kept n practicing singing. Beautiful sngs eched in ur huse again and smiles began t appear n her face. Finally the big day came when she culd present herself.
When the hst annunced it was Jane’s turn, she was wheeled nt the stage. Jane was greeted with warm applause. As she began t sing, the audience gt absrbed in her beautiful vice. Secnds after her perfrmance, all the audience rse with thunderus cheers. When wheeled ff stage, Jane received praise and bunches f flwers frm her teachers and classmates. Jane was mved t tears. The kindness and encuragement frm her teachers and classmates stimulated Jane’s enthusiasm fr life, making her regain cnfidence in pursuing her riginal dream, which I will supprt whleheartedly.
解析：本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的女儿简梦想成为歌手，在她的音乐老师玛丽的帮助下，简为了她的梦想努力取得进步。突然有一天，简遭遇了车祸，以后都不能自己站起来了，必须坐轮椅四处走动，简再也没有提过唱歌的话题。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然而，有一天，玛丽带来了好消息。”可知，第一段可描写玛丽告诉简希望她代表班级唱歌，简在玛丽的帮助下继续练习，终于可以展示自己了。
②由第二段首句内容“当主持人宣布轮到简时，她被推上了舞台。”可知，第二段可描写简的歌声得到了老师和同学们的赞扬，简重新找回了最初追求梦想的信心。
2.续写线索：好消息——简怀疑自己——练习唱歌——开始表演——得到赞扬——找到信心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①希望：expect/hpe/wish
②回答：respnd/reply/answer
③保证：assure/guarantee/ensure
情绪类
①眼睛闪闪发光：eyes sparkle/eyes glitter
②感动：mve/tuch
[高分句型l]As she began t sing, the audience gt absrbed in her beautiful vice.(由连接词as引导时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]The kindness and encuragement frm her teachers and classmates stimulated Jane's enthusiasm fr life, making her regain cnfidence in pursuing her riginal dream, which I will supprt whleheartedly.(由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句）