01 2022年7月上海高考英语真题及答案解析（含听力mp3）

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2022年7月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海 英语试卷
l.Listening Comprehension
Il.Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How to Start a New Business
An entrepreneur is a person who creates , launches, and begins a new business, typically in response to a market demand that has not been met. Entrepreneurs are often imaginative, self-motivated individuals who develop full-time, successful, and sustainable businesses. Successful entrepreneurs frequently have revelant insights, expertise, and advice they may offer aspiring on their respective paths. Interviewing entrepreneurs to aid (21)____________might provide insight into the steps they took (22)___________( achieve) success. Here is the interview of entrepreneur-related questions , and you will find more preparations for it.
Question: How would you describe an entrepreneur?
Answer: An individual who establishes and expands their own company through innovative( know)as an entrepreneur. During the expansion of their strategies ( 23 )_____________companies, entrepreneurs are responsible for several important tasks in addition to cash generation. An entrepreneur perceives a commercial need in their society ,(24)____________( develop) an idea for a business, and then takes the initiative to start their firm. Suppose a business idea does not center on producing a product that fills a gap in the (25)___________ (exist) market. In that case, it most often centers on applying technical advancements to simplify the process of obtaining a product or service.
Question: How do entrepreneurs identify business prospects?
Answer: Entrepreneurs routinely seek chances to expand or increase their company's revenues. They determine which product to include and which market to enter. An entrepreneur should listen to prospective customers and look for chances to build items that meet their demands. An entrepreneur can determine (26)___________doing and how they succeed by conducting a competitive analysis. This technique may involve conducting a physical survey or reading industry-specific materials. Conversations with consumers also facilitate the identification of their frustrations and negative experiences.they may use to enhance a firm.(27)___________.
Question: What makes an entrepreneur successful?an entrepreneur, you are both your manager and the manager.
Answer:(28)_____________of others. To achieve success, you must possess a wide range of abilities. An entrepreneur must be able to manage people, a budget, operations, and in certain cases , investors. It necessitates(characterize) by multitasking and planning for the firm's short a work style (29)_____________successful entrepreneur must be able to spend his time and long-term goals. (30)______________wisely, regularly analyzing and prioritizing projects based on their relevance and significance. It includes engaging in short- and long-term planning, economic forecasts, and market research.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. pursuits B. interests C. comparable D. innovation E. schedule
F. options G. realization H. routes I. subjects J. recipes K. motivated




Creativity Is a Human Quality That Exists in Us
When you think about creativity , it might be highly creative people like Mozart, da Vinci or Einstein who spring to mind. They were all considered to be “ geniuses” for their somewhat in their fields. Their type of creativity is unique talents that led to global ( 31)_____________what's known as “Big C creativity” ( or historical) and is not very common in everyday life.Not all of us can create works of art or music or scientific theories that are new to the world.But while we can't all be Mozart, da Vinci or Einstein, many people do enjoy creative activity--through hobbies such as water colour painting or playing the piano. And these types of are often what people think of when asked what being creative looks like.(32)___________are often wheat people think of when asked what being creative looks like.Our finished pieces may not be (33 )____________with the likes of the great master,but often the process is therapeutic and the end result can be aesthetically pleasing.
On top of hobbies and (34)__________,we all posses creative attributes that can help as we solve life's problems and make decisions. It is this type of creativity that enables us to plan different(35)__________to get to the same destination, or how to fit in a trip to the supermarket when our(36)__________ looks full.
It might not sound very creative, but this aspect of creativity relies on our ability I consider (37)____________and assess their suitability, as well as how to make decisions based on personal prior experience or what we have learnt formally or informally. These examples are known as “ Small C creativity” or “personal everyday creativity”.
While Big C creativity is valued and celebrated, it is often Small C creativity that has allowed humans to flourish over thousands of years. It sets us apart from other animals and it is also the type of creativity which can be fostered through our education system and beyond into
the workplace.Traditionally, research tells us that creativity has been largely associated with the arts. Our previous research has shown that teachers are often able to give examples of creative activity in arts(38)___________,but find it harder to do so when asked to describe creativity in subjects such as science.
But there is a growing (39)___________broader range of subjects. For instance, engineering provides opportunities to be creative through problem solving, and history gives the opportunity to think creatively about why events happened,and what (40)__________those involved.
Ill. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
A filler word is an apparently meaningless word, phrase, or sound that marks a pause or hesitation in speech. Also known as a pause filler or hesitation form. Some of the common filler words in English are um, uh, er, ah, like, okay, right, and you know. Although filler words“may have fairly minimal lexical(词汇的) content,”notes linguist Barbara A. Fox,“they can play a strategic syntactic(句法的)role in a(n)(41)___________conversation”.What appears be a filler word may also be a holophrase(整句字)(42)__________the context.“Hey , hey, shh, shh, shh. Come on. Be sensitive to the fact that other people are not comfortable.talking about emotional (43)________.Um, you know, I am, I'm fine with that, but. ...other people”
“Modern linguists led by Leonard Bloomfield in 1933 call these " hesitation forms’ --the sounds of stammering ( uh), stuttering ( um, um) throat-clearing ( ahem!), stalling ( well,um, that is), interjected when the speaker is searching words or (44)_____________for the next thought.” You know that y' know is among the most common of these (45)___________forms. Its meaning is not the imperious 'you understand’ or even the old interrogatory “ do you get it'? It is given as, and taken to be, merely a filler phrase , (46)____________to fill a beat in the flow of sound, not unlike like, in its new sense of, like, a filler word. ..
These staples of modern filler communication--I mean, y'know, like--can also be used as“tee-up words’. In olden times, pointer phrases or tee-up words were get this, would you of these rib-nudging phrases was--are you believe? and are you ready? The (47)____________ready--to make the point, to focus the listener's attention on what was to follow... If the(48)___________is to tee up a point, we should accept y ' know and its friends as a mildly (49)____________spoken punctuation, the articulated colon ( 冒号) that signals “ focus on this’.... If the purpose is to grab a moment to think, we should allow ourselves to wonder : to Why are filler phrases needed at all? What (50)____________the speaker to fill the moment of silence with any sound at all?
Why do some people fill the air with non-words and sounds? For some, it is a sign of nervousness; they fear silence and experience speaker (51)_____________.Recent research Columbia University suggests another reason. Columbia psychologists guessed that speakers fill， pauses when (52)__________for the next word. To investigate this (53 )____________they counted the use of filler words used by lecturers in biology , chemistry , and mathematics , when the subject matter uses scientific definitions that limit the variety of word choice (54)_________ to the speaker. They then compared the number of filler words used by teachers in English, art history, and philosophy, where the subject matter is less(55)__________.and more open to word choices.
41.A. undertaking B.discovering C.disliking D.unfolding
42.A. depending on B.holding up C. taking over D.arranging for
43.A.appliances B.substances C.disturbances D.finances
44.A. on the contrary B. at a loss C. at dawn D. on no account
45.A. perseverance B.complexity C.hesitation D. obligation
46.A. intended B. attended C.pretended D.extended
47.A. interest B.experience C.advantage D.function
48.A.architecture B. purpose C.completion D.random
49.A.annoying B.striking C.entertaining D.embarrassing
50.A. oppresses B. recycles C.highlights D.motivates
51.A. danger B.anxiety C.figure D.sculpture
52.A. bothering B.inspecting C.searching D.accomplishing
53，A.idea B.chance C.basis D.feedback
54.A. feasible B.credible C.considerable D.available
55.A. well-matched B.well-defined C.well-bred D.well-perceived


Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several question finished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B , C and D.Clthe one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Contemporary artist Nick Smith creates pixelated(像素化的) works with hand colour-chips, synonymous with colour swatches(色块), cleverly combining text and im create interesting and fascinating collaged (拼贴的) works.
With a previous career in Interior Design spanning 11 years, Nick references his concept design background throughout his work, reworking the design aesthetic using unique colours watches in hand-made collages, placing his work firmly in the fine art category. From his first collage experiment back in 2011 of Warhol's 'Marilyn’, when he assembled a tessellation(镶嵌技术) of swatches as a challenge, this eventually inspired his career as an artist and determined his unique style he is now known for.
The multi-layered element of his work, which marries image and word, allows Nick to explore complex art-historical concepts. The text employed is often narrative, which can be read in sequence adding another element of intrigue and interest to the work. This additional element of text, placed under the empty space of each swatch, creates either complimentary or subversive meanings. Nick deliberately leaves these word/image constructions open to viewer interpretation, sparking new debates and meanings.
Each P-series, such as Psycolourgy 2015, Purgatory 2019, explores complicatedly researched concepts, which are always the crucial starting point for each new series of work.Producing large-scale works to micro-chip collages, and multiple sell out print editions, Nick continues to develop his popular and recognisable art.
PSYCOLOURGY—January 2015 Lawrence Alkin Gallery,London
Smith's debut solo exhibition with Lawrence Alkin Gallery in Soho, London , launched his unique visual reworking of classic paintings from the 20th Century canon. Universally known works, including David Hockney's' The Bigger Splash’, Andy Warhol's Soup Cans’ and Leonardo da Vinci's 'Mona Lisa’ were all recast, creating original collages that enquire ideas of depiction, digitalisation and recognition. A sell out show, with numerous successful subsequent print releases, Psycolourgy forged Smith's path to a place among Britain's notable contemporary artists.
PURGATORY--December 2019 Context，Art Miami
Purgatory is a shiny , sticky, glossy exploration of our societies attitude and approach to our excess,addictions and desires.
Excerpts from Dante's Purgatory are woven through colourful works depicting popular covetable consumables, creating symbolic representations of the seven sins. Dante explores possible penance(悔) for our earthly suffering leading to spiritual growth. The results of these pairings offer a humorous, nostalgic and subversive opportunity to question our choices.our history and our future.
56.What made Nick launch his art career?
A. His deep love of fascinating collaged works.
B. His first collage work Warhol's 'Marilyn’
C. The challenge of piecing a tessellation of swatches.
D. The collage experiment dating back to 2012.
57. Which of the following statements about the text Nick uses is true?
A. His text contains concepts of art.
B. His text is usually illustrative.
C. His text can be read sequentially.
D. His text elements are very simple
58.What do we know about PSYCOLOURGY?
A. It opened Smith's unique visual reinvention of classic 21th-century paintings.
B. David Hockney's'Mona Lisa’ has been recreated by Lawrence Alkin Gallery.
C. The original collages affirm the ideas of depiction , digitisation and recognition.
D. It opened Smith's path to becoming one of Britain's leading contemporary artists.
59.What is the topic of this passage?
A. Some useful ways to create collaged works.
B.The life of contemporary artist Nick Smith.
C.Information about Psycolourgy and Purgatory.
D. The introduction to Nick Smith's works.
（B）
Scientifc Method

The scientific method uses a series of steps to establish facts or create knowledge. The overall process is well established , but the specifics of each step may change depending on what is being examined and who is performing it. The scientific method can only answer questions that can be proven or disproven through testing.
Make an observation or ask a question. The first step is to observe something that you would like to learn about or ask a question that you would like answered. These can be specific or general. Some examples would be “I observe that our total available network bandwidth drops at noon every weekday” or “How can we increase our website registration numbers?Taking the time to establish a well-defined question will help you in later steps.
Gather background information.
This involves doing research into what is already known about the topic, This can also involve finding if anyone has already asked the same question.
Create a hypothesis.
A hypothesis is an explanation for the observation or question. If proven later, it can become a fact. Some examples would be “ Our employees watching online videos during lunch is using our internet bandwidth”’ or “ Our website visitors don't see our registration form.Create a prediction and perform a test.Create a testable prediction based on the hypothesis. The test should establish a noticeable change that can be measured or observed using empirical analysis. It is also important to control for other variables during the test. Some examples would be “If we block video-sharing sites.our available bandwidth will not go down significantly during lunch” or “ If we make our registration box bigger, a greater percentage of visitors will register for our website than before the change.”
Analyze the results and draw a conclusion.
Use the metrics established before the test see if the results match the prediction. For example,“ After blocking video-sharing sites, our bandwidth utilization only went down by10% from before; this is not enough of a change to be the primary cause of the network congestion”or “After increasing the size of the registration box, the percent of sign-ups went from 2% of total page views to 5% , showing that making the box larger results in more registrations.
Share the conclusion or decide what question to ask next: Document the results of your experiment.
By sharing the results with others, you also increase the total body of knowledge available.Your experiment may have also led to other questions, or if your hypothesis is disproven you may need to create a new one and test that. For example, “Because user activity is not the cause of excessive bandwidth use, we now suspect that an automated process is running at noon everyday.
60What is the important role of collecting background information?
A.Make full preparation for the research questions.
B.Understand the knowledge of existing research results.
C.Provide evidence to refute the research conclusion.
D.Encourage researchers to reflect deeply on their work.
61. In which case would it be necessary to create a new hypothesis for retesting?
A. The research hypothesis has been fully proved.
B.The research results lead to other related issues.
C. The scope of test data needs to be expanded again.
D.The background investigation is not objective enough.
62. What can we infer from this passage?
A. Creating a question will help you in the following step.
B.Collecting information includes research on an unknown subject.
C. The test should establish a change that cannot be measured easily.
D. You may need to create a new hypothesis if the old one is overturned.
(c)
Business innovation is an organization's process for introducing new ideas , workflows methodologies, services or products. Like IT innovation , which calls for using technology in new ways to create a more efficient and agile organization, business innovation should enable the achievement of goals across the entire organization , with sights set on accomplishing core business aims and initiatives. Innovation often begins with idea generation, wherein ideas are narrowed down during brainstorming sessions, after which leaders consider the business viability, feasibility and desirability of each idea. Business innovation should improve one existing products, services or processes; or it should solve a problem; or it should reach new customers. Recent examples of business innovation include the introduction of the Dyson vacuum cleaner, whose creator and namesake James Dyson declared in advertisements that he set out to build a better product by applying industrial cyclone technologies to the household appliance.
The purpose of the business innovation process is to create value for the organization. That value can come from creating new revenue opportunities or driving more revenue through existing channels; from creating efficiencies that save time, money or both; or from improvements to productivity or performance. In short, innovation should lead to higher profits.Additionally, the results of an organization's innovation process should yield a competitive advantage; it should help the organization to grow and reach--or, better still, exceed--strategic objectives.
Innovation and invention are closely linked, but the two terms are not interchangeable. An invention is an entirely new creation. The process of business innovation can produce an invention, but the term is broader in scope and includes the application of an existing concept or practice in a new way, or applying new technology to an existing product or process to improve upon it. To better understand the difference, consider this: The telephone is an invention , but the smartphone is an innovation.
Business innovation can also be' classified as either revolutionary or evolutionary Revolutionary business innovation yields a drastic change in a product, service, process , etc. ,which often destroys or supplants an existing business model. This is also known as radical Evolutionary or incremental innovation involves smaller, more continuous innovation.improvements that, while important, are not drastic enough to shift a company or market into anew paradigm. Disruptive innovation is a category that emphasizes the destructive aspect of revolutionary innovation; this term applies to business innovation that leads to the creation of anew market that displaces an existing one or, similarly , a significant upheaval in a category of products or services.
Business innovation,like most business initiatives , has both benefits and risks. Organizations should recognize on the negative side that the business innovation process can be a costly undertaking that does not always produce a return on investment ( ROI) ; that idea considered likely to succeed could still fail; and that stakeholders could fight the changes required to be successful. On the other hand, organizations need to weigh those risks against the benefits of business innovation.
63. What does the underlined word in the first paragraph mean?
A.Persuasibility. B. Scarcity. C.Generality. D.Practicability.
64.What is the purpose of business innovation?
A. Create value benefits for the enterprise.
B.Reform the management structure of enterprises.
C. Encourage staff to make more inventions.
D.Upgrade the product performance.
65.Which of the following is true about innovation and invention?
A. They are essentially the same concept.
B.They can replace each other in the context.
C. They can bring huge commercial benefits.
D.They are closely related but have different conceptual scopes.
66. What is the main content of this passage?
A.The precautions for brainstorming meetings
B.The considerations for business innovation.
C.The difference between innovation and invention
D.The revolutionary change in business innovation
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.

A. But studying the chimpanzees of Gombe was not easy.
B.Until that time, only humans were thought to create tools.
C.These observations disprove the widely held belief that chimpanzees are vegetarian.
D. So she learns to be a secretary and works for a time at Oxford University typing documents.
E. However, Jane loves the toy and names the chimpanzee Jubilee ,carrying it with her everywhere.
F.Some scholars and scientists give Jane a cold reception and criticise her for giving the chimpanzees names.

When Leakey and Jane begin a study of wild chimpanzees on the shore of Lake Tanganyika, British authorities resist the idea of a young woman living among wild animals in Africa. They finally agree to Leakey's proposal when Jane's mother Vanne volunteers to accompany her daughter for the first three months.
On July 14, 1960, Jane and Vanne arrive on the shores of Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve in western Tanzania.
The animals fled from Jane in fear. With patience and determination she(67)______searched the forest every day, deliberately trying not to get too close to the chimpanzees too
soon.Gradually the chimpanzees accepted her presence.Jane observes meat-eating for the first time October 30 , 1961. Later, she sees the chimpanzees hunt for meat. (68)_______
On November 4,1961, Jane observes David Greybeard and Goliath making tools to extract termites( 白蚁) from their mounds. They would select a thin branch from a tree, strip the leaves and push the branch into the termite mound. After a few seconds they would pull out the
termite-covered stick and pick off the tasty termites with their lips.On hearing of This becomes one of Jane's most important discoveries. ( 69)__________Jane's observation, Leakey famously says: “ Now we must redefine tool, redefine man, or accept chimpanzees as humans.”
Jane's work in Gombe becomes more widely known and in 1962 she is accepted at Cambridge University as a PhD candidate, one of very few people to be admitted without a“It would have been more scientific to give them
university degree.( 70)___________numbers”,they say.Jane has to defend an idea that might now seem obvious: that chimpanzees have emotions.minds and personalities.
Jane in Africa National Geographic decides to sponsor Jane's work and sends photographer and filmmaker Hugo van Lawick to document Jane's life in Gombe. In August 1963 , Jane publishes her first article in National Geographic,“My Life Among Wild Chimpanzees.
IV.Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)
of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Is there a correlation between high IQ and creative genius? Really , the phrasing of the question contradicts very much correlation, as “creativity” is in no way measured through IQ standardized testing, and creativity is the greatest determinant of a genius as, like you say , it is a genius. Innovation upon any subject requires a drive to create.
As ones IQ increases, there is an increased probability that they are a genius because their level of creativity has a higher probability of ascending(升高) them to genius level. However if the odds are against them, there is an average probability that they are a genius since they are average percent genius. This is because genius and IQ are composed of different mental constructs as IQ measures a standard comprehension level, while creativity measures the way in which this comprehension is used. For example , if your IQ is 180, the percentage that you are a genius is subtracted by the amount of creativity necessary to become a genius. This is inductive of the influence that the brain has on awareness. The brain gains perceptive awareness upon “creating thoughts in a continuous cyclic process, and if you were very “intelligent” but could not generate thoughts, you could not be an intellectual being. However, one who is alive can never stop thinking, so the correlation of IQ and genius would objectively appear as a negative exponential function.
There are few exceptionally creative people out there, just as there are few exceptionally intelligent people, and one does not occur with the other. Possessing a high level of intelligence is a platform of understanding for the creative thinking skills to make up originality. When one bears informal thinking skills, they typically occupy heightened intuitive awareness, and vivid imaginative qualities. Critical thinking skills allow one to make sense of the resultant creative output within its surrounding context of knowledge.
However, not all “ geniuses”from our subjective intelligence range necessarily have high levels of creativity. One's level of intelligence can be so high that their platform of understanding generalizes ideas where a genius with lower levels of intelligence must use creativity in order to attain a sort of qualitative equivalence. Examples of people like this throughout history include the likes of John von Neumann and Christopher Langan.
V.Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 妈妈忘了两天前刚给邻居买过黄瓜。(forget)
__________________________________________________________________________
73. 每逢节假日,我们都会去郊区露营,为的就是享受悠闲惬意的生活。(so that)
_________________________________________________________________________
74. 切莫苛求运动强度和频率,细水长流才能见效。(a different)
_________________________________________________________________________
75. 这条运河历经数百年才修建而成,如今虽无昔日繁荣之景,但仍然是横跨东西的重要水路。(as... as)
_____________________________________________________________________________
VI.Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假使你是明启中学的高三学生李华,你的学校正在组织“走进历史”主题活动,拟从三个活动形式里选择一个:走访老战士、表演历史剧和制作短视频。学校正在向全体师生征求建议。必须包含:
(1)你的选择;
(2) 你的理由。




答案解析

21.them 22.to achieve 23.is known 24.develops
25.existing 26.what 27.which 28.As 29.characterized 30.A
21.them
[解析]考查代词作宾语。根据句子结构，这里说的是成功的企业家为有抱负的企业家提供建议，因此此处要帮助的人(宾语)指的就是有抱负的企业家们，即aspiring entrepreneurs，所以应填入人称代词宾格，且表复数，故填入them。句意:成功的企业家通常有相关的见解、专业知识和建议，他们可以为有抱负的企业家提供帮助，帮助他们走上各自的道路。
22.to achieve
[解析]考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据句子结构，企业家所采取的步骤是为了获得成功，所以这里应用动词不定式表目的。而且根据句子的谓语动词might provide判定空格处的动词为非谓语动词。故填入 to achieve。句意:采访企业家可能会让你了解他们取得成功所采取的步骤
23is known
[解析]考查一般现在时的被动。结合问题“How Would You Describe An Entrepreneur?(你如何描述企业家?)”可知这个回答是在为企业家下定义，此处应为固定搭配“be known as”(被称为;被认为是...)，根据“An individual”可知此处的be动词是单数的，文章的时态为一般现在时，而且根据句子主语individual后的who引导的定语从句，空格处的动词为谓语动词。故填入is known。句意通过创新战略建立并扩大自己公司的人被称为企业家。
24.develops
[解析]考查一般现在时。此句的主语是An entrepreneur，该空是一个谓语动词且与前面的 perceives 并列，时态还是一般现在时，故填入 develops。句意:业家在他们的社会中发现了商业需求，发展出了一个商业想法，然后主动创办了自己的公司。此空的陷阱主语后面的空格处动词，惯性思维理解为非谓语结构实际这个句子看完才发现是并列谓语结构。此题的失分较多，很多同学们会填写developing，事实上是develops。
25.existing
[解析]考查先分词作定语。根据句子结构可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词 market,而且从句子的谓语动词 does not center 也推测空格处动词需要填写非谓语动词故填入existing(现存的，现行的)。句意:假设一个商业想法的中心不是生产填补现有市场空白的产品
26.what
[解析]考查宾语从句。该段回答的问题是“企业家如何识别商业前景”，根据后面的“how they succeed(他们是如何成功的)”可以推测出这里要表达的意思是“其他企业在做什么”，故填入 what。句意:企业家可以通过进行竞争分析来确定该地区的其他企业在做什么以及他们是如何成功的。
27.which
[解析]考查非限制性定语从句。此处考查的是定语从句，their frustrations and negative experiences 在后面的从句中作宾语，属于事物，故填入 which。句意:与消费者的对话也有助于识别他们的沮丧和负面体验，他们可能会利用这些来增强公司。
28.As
[解析]考查介词。此处回答的问题是“是什么让企业家成功”后面的you are both your manager and the manager of others,是个完整的句子，an entrepreneur 为名词结合语境，此处要表达的意思应是“作为一名企业家”，故填入 As。句意:作为一名企业家，你既是自己的管理者，也是他人的管理者。
29.characterized
[解析]考查过去分词作后置定语。根据句子的谓语动词necessitates 判定空格处的提示动词为非谓语动词结构，而且由“by”可知，此处应用过去分词修饰名词词组 a work style，此处实际上是一个定语从句，which is characterized by multitasking and planning，省略了 which is，故填入 characterized。句意:它需要一种多任务处理和为公司的短期和长期目标规划的工作风格。
30.A
[解析]考查不定冠词。这里的entrepreneur 为可数名词单数，应用不定冠词修饰，故填入 A。句意:一个成功的企业家必须能够明智地利用他的时间，有规律地根据项目的相关性和重要性分析和排序。
31-40 DACBH EFIGK
31D[解析]此处的形容词global (全球的)应修饰名词，结合前面提到的“当你想到创造力时，你可能会想到像莫扎特、达芬奇或爱因斯坦这样极具创造力的人。他们都被认为是“天才”，因为他们有些独特的才能”，这里讲的是创造力，分析选项，只有“innovation”符合语境及逻辑。此处句意为“他们都被认为是“天才”因为他们有些独特的才能，导致了他们所在领域的全球创新(innovation)”故选D。innovation.创新。
32.A[解析]该空对应的是前面提到的“hobbies such as water colour painting or playing the piano”，分析选项可知“水彩画或弹钢琴”可以说是“追求”，句意为:当被问及创造力是什么样子时，人们通常会想到这些类型的追求(pursuits)。故选A。pursuits n.追求。
33.C[解析]此处考查固定搭配 become parablewith(与..可比较的比得上.的)此处句意为“我们完成的作品可能无法与大师们的作品相提并论 (comparable)但通常这个过程是有益的，最终的结果是令人赏心悦目的”，故选C。Comparable adj.可比的，可比较的。
34.B[解析]该空与hobbies 并列，且它们的意思应该是相近的，分析选项可知应选“interests”。句意为“除了爱好和兴趣(interests)，我们都拥有创造性的属性可以帮助我们解决生活中的问题和做决定”，故选B。interests n兴趣。35,H[解析]根据后面的“to get to the same destination (到达同一个目的地)”可以反推出我们需要先计划路线，此处句意为“正是这种创造力使我们能够计划不同的路线 (routes)到达同一个目的地”，故选H。routes n.路线;路途。
36.E[解析]分析选项可知“当我们的时间表看起来很满时”符合语境及逻辑，此处句意为“或者当我们的时间表(schedule)看起来很满时如何安排去超市的旅行”故选E。scheduled.计划(表)，进度表;时间表。
37.F[解析]分析选项，根据后面的“as well as how to make decisions based or personal prior experience or what we have learnt formally or informally. (以及如根据个人之前的经验或我们正式或非正式地学到的知识做出决定)”可以推测出我们考虑的是“选择”，句意为:这听起来可能不是很有创意，但这方面的创造力依赖于我们考虑选择(options) 和评估其适用性的能力，以及如何根据个人之前的经验或我们正式或非正式地学到的知识做出决定。故选F。options.可选择的事物;选择，选择权。
38.I[解析]根据后面的“but find it harder to do so when asked to describe creativity in subjects such as science”可知此处应为“subjects句意为“我们之前的研究表明教师通常能够给出艺术科目(subjects)中创造性活动的例子，但当被要求描述科学等科目中的创造性时，他们发现很难做到这一点”，故选I subjects.学科科目;主题。
39.G[解析]分析选项，“创新的机会在更广泛的学科中存在”属于一种“认识，意识”，此处句意为“但人们越来越意识到(realization)，创新的机会在更广泛的学科中存在”，故选G。realization n.认识，领悟。
40.K[解析]分析句子结构可知此空是一个谓语动词，且时态为一般过去时，应选motivated。此处句意为“例如，工程学提供了通过解决问题来发挥创造力的机会，而历史则提供了机会来创造性地思考事件发生的原因，以及是什么激发了(motivated )参与者”，故选K。motivated.成为......的动机，是......的原因激励，激发。
41-55 DACBC ADBAD BCADB
41D[解析]结合该空之后提及的What appears to be a filler word may also be a holophrase可知，该句句意为“看似填充词的东西也可能是完整短语”，再结合相关选项分析，此处想要表达的是填充词词在对话交流中的重要作用，即此处句意为“它们可以在展开的 (unfolding)话语中发挥战略性的句法作用”，故选D。undertaking v.担任;discovering v.发现;disliking v.不喜欢;厌恶;unfolding v.显露;展现;展开。
42.A[解析]此题根据选项进行反向推选，根据该空前提及的 What appears to be a filler word may also be a holophrase 和该空后提及的 the context，这里将“填充词”“完整语句”和“上下文”三个词同时出现于一句话中，再结合选项进行分析,可推知此处句意为“依据(depending on)上下文，看似填充词的内容也可能是完整短语”，故选A。depending on 依赖;依靠;holding up 停顿;支持;taking over接管;arranging for安排
43.C[解析]根据该空前提及的 Be sensitive to the fact that other people are not comfortable talking about 可知，该空所填词需要有一定的情感情绪在其中，结合相关选项分析，此处句意为“对别人不喜欢谈论情绪障碍 disturbances)的事实要敏感”，故选C。appliances.器具;器械;substances.物质;disturbances骚乱:困扰;finances n.资金;经费
44B[解析]结合上文提及的Moder linguists led by Leonard Bloom field in 1933callthesehesitation forms等相关内容，可知，此处在表述讲话时的一种“犹豫形式”再结合相关选项分析，与hesitation forms相接近的意思选项为at a loss，即此处句意为“当说话者在摸索单词或不知所措地 (at a loss)想下一个想法时，会插嘴”，故选B。on the contrary 与此相反;at a loss不知所措;at dawn拂晓时;on no account绝不;切莫。
45.C[解析]结合上文对hesitation forms 等填充词所举的例子，以及该空后提及 Its meaning is not the imperious you understand' or even the old interrogatory do you get it'? It is given as, and taken to be, merely a filler phrase 可推知，此处的 You know 也是“最常见的犹豫 (hesitation)形式之一”，故选C。perseverance n.毅力韧性;complexity n.复杂性;hesitation n.犹豫;踌躇; obligation n.义务;责任。46.A[解析]结合该空之后提及的 like 的例子可推知，该空处想要表述的是关干填充词使用的目的和意图，即此处句意为“它只是一个填充词，意在 (intended)填充声音流中的一个节拍”，故选A。intended.打算;意指，attended v.出席参加;pretended.假装;extended v.延伸;延长。
47.D[解析]结合上文内容的讲述以及该空后提及的 to make the point, to focus the listener's attention on what was to follow 可推知，此处在讲述有关充词交流的作用，结合选项分析，可推知此处句意为“这些短语的作用 (function)是....”，故上海高考英语真题解析[2023版](详解详析)
选 D。Interest n.兴趣;吸引力;利益;experience n.经验;经历;advantage n.有利条件;优势;function n.功能;函数。
48. B[解析]结合下文提及的Ifthe purpose is to grab a moment to think,we should allow ourselves to wonder 可知，此处句子结构与上文相同，结合选项推知此处想表达的是根据不同的目的来选择填充词的使用，即该空处句意为“如果目的(purpose)是为了表达一个观点”，故选B。Architecture n.建筑学;结构;架构purpose n.意图;目的;completion n.完成;结束;random n.随机。
49.A[解析]根据该空前提及的 mildly(和善地;轻微地)可排除B 项，两者想表述的意思相反;而结合该空前提及的we should accept y’know and its friends...和该空后提及的the articulated colon(冒号)that signals focus on this可知，you know 这一填充词表述并不会使人尴尬或者使人愉快，相比之下A 项符合文意，即此处句意为“我们应该接受“你知道”和它的朋友们作为一个稍微烦人的(annoying)口语标点符号，即清晰的冒号(冒号)这意味着“专注于这个”......”故选A。annoying adj.烦人的;striking adj.显著的;引人注目的;entertaining adj.有趣的;使人愉快的;embarrassing adj令人尴尬的。
50D[解析]结合该空后提及的the speaker to fill the moment of silence with any sound at all 可知此处与“演讲者借助填充词来填补沉默时刻”的情境相关，结合选项以及上文内容可推知，此处需要思考的内容是“是什么促使(motivates)演讲者用任何声音来填补沉默的时刻”，其余选项与文意不符，故选D。oppresses v.压迫;压制;recycles v.回收利用;highlights v.突出;强调;motivates v.激发诱发。
51B[解析]结合上文提及的For some,it is a sign of nervousness 可推知此处想要表达的是“他们害怕沉默，并经历演讲者的焦虑 (anxiety)”，故选B。danger n危险;anxiety n.焦虑;担心;figure n.数字;人影;形象;sculpture n.雕刻作品。
52. C[解析]根据该空后提及的 for the next word，可以排除A项和D项，这两项填入文章语意不通顺，再结合下文的相关研究分析可推知，此处更符合文意的是 inspecting，因为 inspect 侧重于为了查看东西的质量或情况而仔细地查看，而search 更侧重于有目的的搜查、搜索，相较之下，C 项符合文意，即此处句意为“哥伦比亚大学的心理学家推测，说话者在搜索 (searching) 下一个单词时会出现停顿”，故选 C。Bothering v打扰;烦扰:迷惑;inspecting v.检查;检验.searching v.搜查;探查;accomplishing v.完成;达到。
53.A[解析]结合上文提及的相关内容，可知上文提及的是观点，下文对观点进行研究分析，结合选项即可分析此处句意为“为了调查这一观点(idea)，他们统计了生物、化学和数学讲师使用的填充词的使用情况”，故选 A。idea n. 想法chance n，可能性;机会;basis n.基础;基准;feedback n.反馈54.D[解析]结合上文内容可知，此处是在对各科教师使用填充词情况的研究结合相关选项可排除B和C项,再根据该空后提及的where the subject matter uses scientific definitions that limit the variety of word choices 可知，此处更侧重于他们使用填充词的“多样性”，由此推知 D项更符合文意，即此处句意为“其中主题使用的科学定义限制了演讲者可用的 (available) 单词选择的多样性”，故选D。feasible adj.可行的;credible adj.可信的;可靠的;considerable adj想当多/大的;available adj.可用的;可获得的。
55B[解析]结合上文提及的 where the subject matter uses scientific definitions that limit the variety of word choices 可知，此处的情况与上文所述内容情况相反，即可推知此处句意为“然后，他们比较了英语、艺术史和哲学中教师使用的填充词的数量，这些领域的主题定义不太明确 (well-defined)，更容易选择单词”，故选B。well-matched adj.搭配得当的;well-defined adj.定义明确的;界限清楚的well-bred adj.有教养的;良种的;well-perceived adj，有知觉的。
56-59 CCDD
56.C[解析]根据文章第二段的 From his first collage experiment back in 2011ofWarhol's Marilyn’, when he assembled a tessellation of swatches as a challenge, this eventually inspired his career as an artist and determined his unique style he is now known for.可知2011年，他在沃霍尔的作品《玛丽莲》中进行了第一次拼贴实验当时他将色板镶嵌在一起作为挑战，这最终激发了他作为艺术家的职业生涯，并决定了他现在以独特的风格著称。A(他对挑启发性拼贴作品的热爱)、B(他的第一个拼贴作品沃霍尔的“玛丽莲”)、D(2012 年的拼贴实验)都说法错误C(拼贴一块镶嵌的色板的挑战)正确，故选 C。57.C[解析]根据文章第三段的 The text employed is often narrative,which can be read in sequence adding another element of intrigue and interest to the work.可知Nick Smith 使用的文本通常是叙事性的，可以按顺序阅读，为作品添加另一个阴谋和兴趣的元素。A(他的文本包含了艺术的概念)、B(他的文本通常是说明性的)、D(他的文本元素非常简单)都说法错误:C(他的文本可以按顺序读)正确，故选C。
58D[解析]根据文章第五段的Smith’s debut solo exhibition with Lawrence Alkin Gallery in Soho, London, launched his unique visual reworking of classic paintingsfromthe20th Century canon可知史密斯在伦敦苏活区与劳伦斯阿尔金画廊合办的首场个人展览，开启了他对20世纪经典画作的独特视觉再造。A(它开启了史密斯对21世纪经典绘画的独特视觉再造)错误;根据该段的Universally known works, including David Hockney's“The Bigger Splash’, Andy Warhol's Soup Cans and Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa’ were all recast, creating original collages that interrogate ideas of depiction,digitalisation and recognition.可知包括大卫·霍克尼的《更大的水花》、安迪·沃霍尔的《汤罐》和列奥纳多·达·芬奇的《蒙娜丽莎》在内的著名作品都经过了重新创作，他创作出了原创的拼贴画，对描绘、数字化和识别的理念进行了质疑。B(大卫·霍克尼的《蒙娜丽莎》由劳伦斯·阿尔金画廊重新创作)错误;C(原始拼贴画肯定了描绘、数字化和识别的思想)也错误:根据该段的 A sell out show, with numerous successful subsequent print releases.Psycolourgy forged Smith's path to a place among Britain's notable contemporary artists可知“心理色彩”为史密斯开辟了通往英国著名当代艺术家之路。D(它开启了史密斯成为英国当代艺术家的道路) 正确，故选 D。
59.D[解析]根据整篇文章分析，文章一开始介绍了当代艺术家 Nick Smith 将文字和图像结合起来，创作出有趣和发人深省的拼贴作品。接下来主要介绍了他的作品的设计理念，最后描述了他的两个系列作品:Pycolourgy 和 Purgatory。所以文章主要是介绍 Nick Smith 的作品。A(一些创作拼贴作品的有用方法)、B(当代艺术家尼克·史密斯的生平)、C(关于心理色学和炼狱的信息)都说法错误;D(介绍尼克·史密斯的作品)正确，故选 D
60-62 BBD
60.B[解析]根据文章第三段提及的 This involves doing research into what is already known about the topic. This can also involve finding if anyone has already asked the same question可知，收集背景信息不仅涉及到对已经知道的主题进行研究，还可能涉及到是否有人已经问过同样的问题。结合相关选项分析，B 项表述的“了解现有研究成果的知识”是收集背景信息重要作用，故选 B。
61.B[解析]根据文章最后一段第三句提及的Your experiment may have also led to other questions, or if your hypothesis is disproven you may need to create a new one and test that 可知，你的实验可能还引出了其他问题，或者如果你的假设被推翻,你可能需要创建一个新的假设并进行测试。结合相关选项分析，当研究结果引出了其他相关问题时，我们需要创建新的假设进行测试，故选B。62D[解析]根据文章第二段的Taking the time to establish a well-defined question will help you in later steps可知花点时间建立一个定义明确的问题会在后面的步骤中帮助你。A(创建一个问题将帮助你完成后面的步骤)错误;根据第三段的Gather background information. This involves doing research into what is already known about the topic.可知收集背景资料包括对已知的主题进行研究。B(收集信息包括对未知主题的研究)错误;根据第五段的 The test should establish a noticeable change that can be measured or observed using empirical analysis.可知湖试应该建立一个可以用经验分析测量或观察到的明显变化。C(测试应该建立一个不能轻松测量的变化)错误;根据最后一段的or if your hypothesis is disproven you may need to create a new one and test that 可知如果你的假设被推翻了，你可能需要创建一个新的假设并进行验证。D(如果你的假设被推翻了，你可能需要创建一个新的假设并验证它)正确，故选 D。
63-66 DADB
63.D[解析]结合语境以及该词之后的并列词语feasibility and desirability可推知此处表述的是关于“领导者对于头脑风暴所提创意可行性的考虑”，其中 viability有“生存能力，耐用性 可行性”之意，结合选项分析，Practicability 一词也有“实用性，可行性”之意，而 Persuasive 意为“有说服力的，劝诱的”，Scarcity 意为“稀缺的”，Generality 意为“概括性的”，故选D
64.A[解析]根据文章第二段第一句提及的The purpose of the business innovation process is to create value for the organization 可知，商业创新过程的目的是为组织创造价值，再结合下文对这种价值的具体讲述，可知 A 项的“为企业创造价值效益表述正确，故选A。
65.D[解析]根据第三段内容可知，该段主要在讲述创新和发明两者概念的不同之处，再结合该段最后一句所举的“电话与智能手机”的相关例子，可推知A 项表述错误;根据文章第三段第一句提及的Innovation and invention are closely linked but the two terms are not interchangeable可知，创新和发明紧密相连，但这两个术语不能互换，B 项表述有误;C项文章未明确提及;结合文章第三段第三句提及的 The process of business innovation can produce an invention, but the term is broader in scope可知，创新和发明的概念范围不同，D项表述正确，故选D。66B[解析]根据整篇文章内容分析，可知本文主要围绕Business innovation-词进行讲述，其中不仅提及了Business innovation 一词的概念，还提出其改进的方向、实现目的以及相关的创新分类。除此以外，文章还对商业创新的积极影响和消极影响进行了简要概述。因此，结合选项分析，这篇文章讲述的主要内容是“业务创新需要考虑的因素”，即B项表述正确，故选 B。
67-70ACBF
67.A[解析]句意:但研究贡贝的黑猩猩并不容易。根据上文提及的相关内容可知，Leakey and Jane 开始了对黑猩猩的研究，再结合该空之后提及的相关内容可推知，此处在讲述 Jane 在研究过程中遇到的问题，结合相关选项分析，A 项表述的内容能够承接上下文，故选 A。
68.C[解析]句意:这些观察结果推翻了人们普遍认为黑猩猩是素食者的观点。结合该空前提及的 Jane observes meat-eating for the first time October 30,1961 Later,she sees the chimpanzees hunt for meat 可知,此处提及了黑猩猩的饮食情况结合相关选项分析，C 项提及了关于“推翻黑猩猩是素食主义者”的观点，这一表述与上文提及的黑猩猩吃肉内容相符，故选C。
69.B[解析]句意:直到那时，人们认为只有人类才能创造工具。结合上段提及的关于黑猩猩借助树枝来享用白蚁的行为，以及该空之后提及的 On hearing of Jane's observation, Leakey famously says:“Now we must redefine tool, redefine Man.or accept chimpanzees as humans”可推知，该空处讲述的内容与“工具制造”相关结合选项分析，B 项提到了创造工具这一说法，故选 B。
70.F[解析]句意:一些学者和科学家对简冷淡，并批评她给黑猩猩取了名字。结合该空前提及的内容可知，此处在讲述简所取得的成就获得的荣誉，而该空后提及的相关内容则是表达了对简做法的一种反对观点表述。结合相关选项分析,这些人应该是反对者，F 项的相关表述提到了相关学者和科学家对简态度和批评观点，故选F。