04 2021年1月上海高考英语真题及答案解析（含听力mp3）

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2021年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海 英语试卷

I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A Fresh B. Salty C.Tender D. Dry
2. A A luxurious tie B. A set of classic works C A red scarf D A wallet
3. A In a barbershop B. In the cinema C. In the mall D. In the library
4. A. The boy stayed up all night
B. The boy came home too early
C.The boy is forgiven
D. The boy didn't go home at night
5. A. She will accompany the man who asks questions
B. She also doesn't know the meaning of the term
C.She sympathized with the man very much
D. She is well aware of the meaning of the newly coined term.
6 .A. She needs to hurry B. The alarm clock didn't ring
C. She broke the alarm clock D. She is late for school
7. A. $10,000. B. ￥11,000 C.￥12,000 D.$11,000
8. A. He couldn't offer help because of his foot injury
B.He can't stand the noise of these boxes moving
C.He can't stand the woman carrying these boxes
D. He doesn't want to carry the box down from the fifth floor
9. A. He is just an ordinary man, not a hero
B. He wants the woman to publicize his deeds
C.He has already finished financial aid for students
D. He wants the woman to keep it a secret
10. A. The woman likes to take a shower before going to bed.
B. The man can't have a shower before going to bed.
C. Hot water is supplied in the hotel until 10 p m. in winter.
D.The hotel still supplies ho water after 10 p. m.

Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only one the four possible answers on your paper and decide which o you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage
11. A. Have a professional energy checkup
B. Update all the household appliances
C.Make a do-it-yourself home energy checkup
D. Find the leaks on the outside of your home
12. A. Because it can help you save energy in a house
B. Because it can help you decide where should be upgraded first
C. Because it can help you remember where you have inspected
D. Because it can help you reduce the air leaks
13. A. How to choose a professional energy checkup
B. How to conduct the home energy checkup
C.How to make a list of obvious air leaks
D. How lo save energy in your home
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A.To make people remember him
B.To show his excellent talent
C.To remember the moments in university
D.To recall his childhood
15. A . It used some advanced narrative skills
B. It is easy to understand the deep meaning
C.It has a kind of bell ringing quality
D. It is suitable to recite aloud with expression
16.A. He likes to compose poems at quiet corners
B. He graduated from Harvard University in 1995
C. He wrote only two p0ems in his life
D. He had a good time at Harvard
Questions 17 through 20 are bused on the following conversation.
17.A. His office is richly decorated
B.He has used this office fora week
C.His office is very modern
D.His office space is spacious enough
18.A. To record his trip next week
B.To communicate with overseas scholars
C.To collect cost-effective web cameras.
D. To record the contents of the report file
19. A. A chair that rises up and down and has arms
B.A modern simple chair.
C.A folded chair without a handle
D.A second-hand solid wood chair
20.A.How to choose a web camera.
B. How to prepare for an online meeting report
C.How to improve Professor White's office.
D. How to decorate Professor White's Office

II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Why Being in a Band Is Cool
When you were younger，a piano lesson may have ruined your day. Carrying a flute（长笛） from class to class just for a half-hour lesson（21）_______have seemed pointless.But as you enter the adult world suddenly you realize that knowing how to play an instrument is pretty cool. Yes, even the flute.
So,what makes being in a band so cool?Is it because you get to go on stage and play to millions of adoring fans? Well, yes, but it'll be a few years before your dodgy rendition of ‘Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star’ starts to resemble a Mozart symphony.
(22)_______ talented you've been in music it's still not easy to organize a band, but here's a quick guide to get you started:
1) Find your members.
You'll need a drummer,a guitarist,a bass guitarist and a singer.Any other instruments are a bonus. This is where(23)________(play)the flute comes in, if you can make playing the flute cool, you deserve all the fame and fortune in the world!
2) Organize a band practice.
If you are lucky enough to have a band member(24)_______ a drum kit and parents who are hard of hearing, you can practise at home for free. Otherwise, you'll need to find a local studio(25)______ can be expensive. (26)_______(divide)the cost equally, including the cost of hiring any equipment such as cymbals for the drummer,you rock together, you roll together !
3)Be productive.
If you're paying for a studio, the last thing you want is to spend it catching up with each other,so meet half an hour in advance to get all the chatting(27)_______(finish).
4)Agree on songs to learn, and learn them!
Each band member should choose a song for the whole band(28)______(learn)ready for rehearsal. This will allow you to see(29)________genres（类型）work for your group.
(5)Start writing.
Once you know what music works for you,start writing! You can do this individually or as a band but the most important thing is to respect other people's songs. It's very rare to find (30)_______who isn't shy about sharing their first few pieces of writing,so be nice!
If that sounds like a lot of hard work, then you're right! If it also sounds like a lot of fun, get stated! But what is it that makes all that hard work worth it?
Being in a band teaches you precious life lessons. It is a fun way of learning about how to share opinions respectfully, be creative,become more confident and work as a team. Once you can do that you'll be well on your way to finding what it is about you that makes you unique, special and cool!

Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A.applauding B. entry-level C. struck D. fascination E. back-seal F. stuck
G. stand H. promoter I. hook J. dominant K. empowered
The nature is part of us. Therefore , it holds a mysterious ( 31 )__________for me. In my memory , the valley was quiet and calm, only to see the wheat all over the mountains waving together in rhythm when the wind blew through, like a ballet troupe. The sun rose every morning as usual, sweeping across the valley and ultimately falling behind the peaks. The snow that falls in winter always melts in spring, bringing new hope to this nature where everything was pleasant and beautiful.
Led by fate , I have became an environmentalist and had the honor of being invited to address students about my green lifestyle for a long time. The students were surprised at my lifestyle and maybe they thought my lifestyle was no longer suitable for modern life.Fortunately , they were still listened to whole lecture , saluting or ( 32 )_________ me-----to some extent the applause implied their encouragement to me. s I began to interact with them under the stage, I was (33 )__________by kids' lack of knowledge of nature so that they had little knowledge of protecting environment.
After the address, I put up a stand in the ( 34 )__________offering green food , hoping them interested in it to get the ( 35 )____________experiencing a first-hand feeling of the green lifestyle no one shows any interest in. So I decided to team up with the concert (36)__________to run a campaign: “anyone who can answer a( n) (37)__________ environmental question is qualified to attend the concert. Soon the music can (38 )___________them coming here”.
Since then , I have been considering why kids today do not have the same deep appreciation for nature that I do. One of the significant factors may be that the former rural civilization has been replaced by the urban civilization. In the past, the poor played the ( 39 )_________role in the nature , so they cleared the wasteland, planted crops and reproduced civilization. With the massive invasion of industrialization and urbanization, people were forced to move away from nature. The struggle between tradition and modernity , the confrontation between humans and nature has led people to believe that they are the masters of the universe. Is this really the case? It is time to think about who ( 40 )_________ us to destroy nature.

III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
The misery of my bike commute in Calgary, Alberta,is the river valley hill. It's not particularly steep,but at about a mile long,I rarely climbed up without arriving with sweat. Studies have shown the prospect of arriving at work sweaty is one of the biggest (41)______ to getting would-be bike commuters out of their cars. That's especially true in a city like Los Angeles,where(42)__ may face long routes , hills or hot streets with a lack of shade.
"Pedelec",or pedal electric-assisted bikes like the one I rode,can end that worry. They look and act like traditional bicycles,but their motors make pedaling much easier when required. Sometimes called the most energy-efficient motorized mode of transportation ever built, they're also incredibly green. The biggest barrier may be the outdated attitude that sees bikes only as a recreational athletic opportunity rather than a practical (43)____ option.
At a time when cities across North America are struggling to combat crippling traffic and reduce climate emissions,e-bikes have the(44) ______ to ease the both problems. And yet ridership has yet to truly(45)____.About 152,000 e-bikes were sold last year in the U.S.,a figure that would be more than 5 million if Americans used them at the same rate as western Europeans.
Many of the barriers to e-bike (46) ______in North America are legislative. Patchwork rules treat e-bikes more like mopeds than traditional pedal bikes in some jurisdictions,meaning they are(47)_from bike lanes and from boarding public transportation.
Few places on the continent,(48) ______, are better poised to break through barriers than California. Legislation was approved last year to encourage e-bike use,by legally differentiating the cycles from mopeds. In an attempt to head off worries about turbocharged machines flying down sidewalks and bike lanes at unsafe speeds,the law classifies bikes into different tiers to (49)___ lower-speed e-bikes,which top out at 20 mph,from faster-moving"speed pedelecs",which are restricted from protected bike paths.
Amid these legislative (50)____, e-bikes have become more accessible to consumer. Finding them in bike shops isn't as(51)____ as it once was,and their cost has fallen as the price of lithium-ion batteries has dropped.Today,a decent e-bike,while still (52)___, is comparable in price to a high-end mountain bike. After years of (53)________over mixing pedal and motor power, cycling advocacy organizations also are finally throwing their support behind e-bikes. Dave Snyder, the executive director of the California Bicycle Coalition, (54)_______ the state's new legislation based partly on the(55)_______that e-bikes help out those who"just can't ride as far or as fast as they need to".
41.A.advantages B.processes C.barriers D.complements
42. A.riders B.builders C.customers D.volunteers
42.A.production B. communication C.facilities D.transportation
43.A.routine B.potential C.temporary D.major
44.A. make of B.carry on C.bring up D.take off
45.A.adaptation B.adoption C.adjustment D.justification
46.A.proved B.alerted C.banned D.authorized
47.A.however B.unless C.meanwhile D.anyway
48.A.originate B.combine C.separate D.satisfy
49.A.factors B.benefits C.limits D.damages
50.A.proper B.critical C.sensational D.difficult
51.A.expensive B.distinctive C.sensitive D.intensive
52.A.trouble B.concern C.power D.scale
53.A.favored B.folded C.referred D.gifted
54.A.appeal B.address C.amount D.advocate

Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Among all the different types of journey that people undertake there are also those of a spiritual nature. Some of the trips we do in our lives are purely for pleasure, some are meant to make us stronger, sometimes we travel to explore and learn , and in all of these undertakings we grow and become wiser.
There is a lot we can learn from the land that surrounds us and the best way to acquire that knowledge is by traveling and experiencing. This ancient aboriginal initiation ritual involves exactly this: a long spiritual hike across the indigenous land. Although widely known as “Walkabout ,” in later years the ritual has been referred to as “temporary mobility , " because the former is often used as a derogatory term in Australian culture.
A young man on Walkabout
Historically speaking, the walkabout is a rite of passage in which young ( adolescent )Aboriginal Australians undertake a journey that will help “ transform them into adults. The journey is usually made between the ages of 10 and 16. During this journey which can last for up to six months , the individual is required to live and survive all alone in the wilderness.
This is not an easy thing to do, especially not for teenagers. That is why only those who have proven themselves mentally and physically ready are allowed to proceed with the walkabout. Only the elders of the group decide whether it is time or not for the child to do it.The children are not completely unprepared for the journey. During the years before the walkabout, the elders instruct them and give them advice about the ceremony and adult life in general; they have been passed the “ secrets” of the tribe , the knowledge about their world.
Aboriginal woman
Those who are initiated in the walkabout are also decorated with body paint and ornaments.Sometimes they are marked with a permanent symbol on their bodies, In some cases, a tooth is removed from the mouth , or the nose or ears of the initiated are pierced. Traditional walkabout clothes include only a simple loin cloth and nothing more.
During a walkabout, a young person can sometimes travel a distance of over a l,000miles. In order to survive this long hike , the participant in the walkabout must be able to make their own shelter and must be capable of procuring food and water for themselves.That means he needs to hunt, catch fish, and also recognize and utilize edible and healing plants, The initiated youngster must learn to identify plants such as bush tomatoes, IIIawarra plums, quandongs , lilly-pillies , Muntari berries, wattle seeds, Kakadu plums, and bunya nuts.
56. What can be referred from the first two paragraphs of the passage?
A. Australians like to engage in all kinds of travel.
B. People can gain knowledge through travel.
C.Travel is usually purely for pleasure.
D.Walkabout is a long spiritual journey.
57. What do we know about the young Aboriginal Australians?
A.All young Australians are required to live alone in the wilderness.
B.The difficulties they experienced in hiking turned them into adults.
C.Walkabout should only be done if they are mentally and physically prepared.
D.Walkabout is an unprepared test for the young Aboriginal Australians.
58. According to the passage , what skill does a person need to acquire in the walkabout ?
A. Identifying directions
B.Preserving physical strength.
C.Planting plants.
D.Hunting and fishing.
59.Which of the following options is true about walkabout?
A. Only people who have experienced torture are qualified to the walkabout.
B. Women must decorate themselves with body paint and ornaments.
C. To survive, the participants need to acquire certain survival skills.
D. Indigenous women are not required to participate in the walkabout

(B)
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Key Advantages of xMAP Technology :
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l Use less sample.
l Save time and reagents.
l Gain a better understanding of complex biological systems.
l Order from thousands of redesigned kits from our Partners
xMAP Technology : The Science
What is multiplexing? Multiplexing is a method for high-volume biomarker testing一or testing multiple analytes simultaneously within a single run-using a single sample volume.xMAP Technology is best-suited for testing 3-500 targets.
How does xMAP Technology work? xMAP Technology uses labeled micro-spheres or beads, allowing for the simultaneous capture of multiple analytes from a single reaction.Because of their small size and low density, XMAP micro-sphere-based assays exhibit virtual solution-phase kinetics during the reaction. The beads are individually read using an xMAP instrument.
What does xMAP mean? Multi-Analyte Profiling, where the “x” represents the biomarkers ( such as proteins , nucleic acids, or polyacrylamides ) that are being tested.
xMAP Beads
xMAP beads come in a variety of formats, including magnetic ( MagPlex ) and nonmagnetic ( MicroPlex) beads.
xMAp beads puss through a red laser, or LED, which excites the internal dyes to distinguish the microsphere set. Then , a green laser or LED excites the fluorescent reporter dye to determine the result of the assay.
xMApDApplications
xMAP in Action
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Generate more data while saving sample, time , and reagents
xMAp beads come in a variety of formats. The MagPlex Microspheres-6.5 micronsuperparamagnetic beads that are dyed with three red and infrared fluorescent dyes , resulting in500 distinctly colored bead sets are our most versatile and efficient microspheres for high-plex applications. Approximately 10* surface carboxyl groups ( COOH) cover the surface of the bead and serve as covalent attachments for capture ligands. A fluorescent reporter is coupled to a target molecule, which allows its detection after specific capture on the microsphere surface.
60. According to the passage, what is xMAP?
A. A mind map. B.A lest method. C.A navigation map. D. An application.
6l.All of the following are advantages of xMAP, except_____________.
B. developing custom analysis B. forming a network structure
C. generating more data D. saving samples and reagents
61. Which of the following options is correct?
A. The xMAP beads distinguish groups of microspheres by a blue laser.
B. xMAP allows for the capture of a single analyte from multiple reactions
C.MAP technology is used more in the experimental phase.
D.The“x”in xMAP represents the biomarkers being tested.

(C)
Life without access to energy is simply miserable. Accessing energy is the single most important factor in improving the lives of individuals and increasing the economic opportunities available in their communities. Access to lighting transforms education from outdoors during the day, to indoors and anytime! A simple refrigerator can transform a fruit stand to a grocery store. Reliable electricity allows businesses to stay open and ultimately provides the cornerstone that allows industries to form.
There is a dominant school of thought that energy access can be achieved around the world with only carbon-free sources. This paradigm envisions effectively"leapfrogging" traditional development patterns,skipping industrialization,and transforming economies with green energy and a service economy. While compelling in theory, this vision lacks several critical factors; the need to manufacture the goods that will build the economy,the scalability of energy sources, and the affordability of that energy.
This transformation is currently underway and its progress is inevitable. The urgency is created by individuals current,difficult conditions and the availability of abundant, affordable energy,particularly coal. All new energy demand will come from the developing world. Without a thoughtful conversation about the projected doubling of world energy demand,energy consumption will continue as it is currently underway, in two parallel paths,One path prioritizes carbon-free sources,and sets goals and policies that incentivize those. The other path responds to the supply and demand inherent in a world economy and is resulting in the massive development of coal-fired electricity generation.
The reality of energy development can be summarized in the example of India's projected energy development.By 2022,India is planning 100 GW of new solar? and a relatively tiny 50 MW of new coal. However,a simple calculation of the likely emissions of these two new sources of energy conducted by a colleague at Stanford indicates that if all this new electricity generation came from natural gas, the result would be 20 percent fewer emissions. This is a conversation worth having.
Although not a carbon-free source, natural gas has a trans-formative role to play in the energizing of developing nations. Abundantly available around the world, and more transportable than ever,a world natural gas market is creating a more stable,affordable supply. As an electricity generation fuel, it is both a base load alternative to coal and a backup for renewable generation. In this capacity,natural gas provides carbon and non-carbon air emissions benefits. When used as a transportation fuel,natural gas provides significant air quality benefit to traditional fuels and can be equally affordable. When deployed as a cooking fuel, liquefied petroleum gas(LPG), provides dramatic health benefits and could reduce the unnecessary 4 million annual deaths attributed to cooking over inefficient,biomass fuels. As an economic cornerstone，natural gas can empower industrial development as a chemical feed-stock fertilizer component, direct energy source,and electricity provider.
63.Which of the following is the view of the dominant school?
A. We must actively develop manufacturing industry to promote economic development.
B. Energy affordability should be fully considered in the process of economic development
C. Developed countries don't have to worry about energy because of overcapacity.
D. Only carbon-free sources can achieve energy access in the world.
64. Why is it urgent for developing countries to have access to energy?
A. Because of insufficient availability energy supply.
B. Because of rapid population growth.
C. Because of huge consumption of renewable energy.
D. Because of serious environmental pollution.
65.Which of the following statements is wrong about natural gas?
A. Natural gas resources are abundant all over the world.
B. Natural gas is not only a substitute for coal but a renewable energy.
C. Natural gas is good for the air as a traditional fuel.
D. Natural gas can be used to promote industrial development.
66. According to the passage , which of the following statements is correct?
A. Traditional heating water to cook rice can be life-threatening.
B. Natural gas is a kind of carbon-free energy.
C. Energy consumption can only continue in the same way as before.
D. Reducing energy poverty is the common goal of mankind.

Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
A. So why do these movies fail?
B.The film , in contrast, failed to bring its audience along for the ride.
C.Game adaptations’ issues seem not to be due to a lack of resources.D， But the return on investment is not encouraging, with a number failing
to recoup costs.E.The potential to appeal to a devoted fan base makes these movies an attractive prospect.
F. However, a common criticism was that it was “ full of boring exposition and mostly uninteresting characters”.

Too Big，Too Expensive and Too Silly - Why Video Game Movies Fail
Film adaptations of video games have fallen on the unsuspecting viewing public like a Drop Bear. At first they look harmless enough , but they often leave viewers bruised and regretful.
These movies are plentiful. ( 67 )_________Yet despite big budgets and quality talent both in front of and behind the camera , most video game movies are commercial and critical failures.
(68)____________ The answer comes down to a complex mix of conflicting audience demands and commercial realities. Video game movies often assume that the audience wants, or is interested in , the game's legend and background. In fairness, this is out of fear that fans will? criticise legend changes, alienating a key demographic. But games reveal legend progressively over tens of hours of gameplay , whereas movies have a small portion of that time. This tension risks creating boring exposition and complex story lines. For example, Warcraft details the origins of conflict between humans and ores (兽), the central conflict in the game's world.(69)______________
Additionally, excessive adherence to the source material extends to using silly plot device:without spending enough time establishing proper reasons for their existence. In games, the these can work due to the “unspoken but commonly understood logic of ‘this is a video game’". In a game, people accept inconsistent narrative devices because they facilitate interesting interaction and are the quickest route towards allowing gamers to, say , shoot hell-monsters on Mars.
The game series became increasingly complex , as the player-controlled protagonist (主角)parkoured his way through time periods like Renaissance Italy and Revolutionary America. The incredibility of the narrative world paled beside the fun of vaulting from rooftop to rooftop in15th-century Florence.
(70)___________ The plot--an original story which retains the key elements of the games---was criticized as " scattered and fractured",“ hastily explained" and “disorienting”. Vanity Fair pointed out that "it's not clear why any of this is happening" and Roger Ebert. com summed it up as: Characters [talking] in quiet whispers about the complex methods they use to realize their poorly-hidden agendas.

IV.Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Fluido, a Texas-based analytics company, recently released its new product, called FluidoPlus for free. It connects retailers( 零售商) to a cloud-based analytics service using WiFi. They then collect information about customers behaviour by monitoring the media access code (MAC) in every smart phone that enters the stores. This means that stores will be able to implement an analytics package to receive information that could help guide their marketing. With the information , store managers can measure the number of people who walk past the store and the number who come through the front door. Also, this information includes whether or not these people come in immediately or are convinced to do so by the shop front.
Fluido Plus has received a lot of criticism from consumers concerned about their privacy being invaded. But Fluido assures that the MAC data is scrambled, which means that no personally identifiable information is collected. The company also points to the fact that Fluido is a part of the group that initiated the Mobile Location Analytics code of conduct, These sets of rules require companies to receive customers’ agreement before they can collect any personal information.
Emily Carrless, a senior director at the NO Watching Please Co. , believes that this technology ignores customers' privacy. “This is a clear example of profit outweighing privacy, she said. “The use of tracking technology by shops in order to provide a better or more personal service seems totally disproportionate, " Carrless also stressed the importance of customer awareness. She said that while tracking technology was still developing, there was an obvious goal in mind to identify individuals. Companies like Fluido won't stop at the general information like the number of customers who walk into stores. The long game is about identifying individuals , and this technologies is very close to enabling Fluido to do that.

71.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72. 羽毛球馆空无一人，为什么灯还亮着？(how come)

73. 我花了三天时间画了一幅风景画，庆祝曾祖父的一百岁寿辰。(take)

74. 在太空遨游一周后，载人飞船安全着陆，那一刻，原本寂静无声的发射中心一片欢腾。(The instant)

75. 这条小溪蜿蜒流淌，陪伴着世代居住的村民，见证了这个村庄的日新月异。(company)

VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是明启中学的高三学生王佳，你学校的教师Lucy准备在高中开设关于“信息素养”（information literacy）的课程。课程包含以下四个板块：“网站设计”、“大数据处理”、“辨别真伪信息”和“精确搜索信息”。现在向全体同学征求建议。请你给她写一份电子邮件，要求：
1.选择两个你感兴趣的板块；
2.说明为什么选择这个板块的理由。

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