06 2020年1月上海高考英语真题及答案解析（含听力mp3）

2020年1月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试

上海   英语试卷

1. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）

Section A

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A policeman. D. A boss.

2. A. Worried. B. Anxious. C. At ease. D. Excited.

3. A. He plays the violin very well. B. He was surprised by the woman’s skills.

C. He never knew the woman before. D. He will win the competition.

4. A. The ticket is still expensive. B. The ticket is very cheap.

C. He is jealous of the girl. D. He doesn’t want to buy the ticket.

5. A. They are talking about a song. B. They are talking about an opera.

C. They are talking about a film. D. They are talking about a novel.

6. A. She doesn’t like basketball.

B. She thinks there is no valuable player.

C. She doesn’t want to talk with the man.

D. She is disappointed with their basketball team.

7. A. She thinks the man disturbs her. B. The man is out of luck.

C. The only position was occupied yesterday. D. She wants the man called her yesterday.

8. A. They will have a date. B. They will go shopping together.

C. They will attend class in the school. D. They will play badminton together.

9. A. They have enough time to finish this work.

B. They are unlucky to do this big assignment.

C. He doesn’t think it’s a big assignment.

D. He will not start working on this task until next month.

10. A. On Monday. B. On Saturday. C. On Thursday. D. On Sunday.

Section B

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passage and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 

11. A. The pizzas become cold when they reach you.

B. The pizzas need a long time to deliver.

C. The pizzas need a long time to cook.

D. It takes too much manpower to make pizzas.

12. A. 10 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. Half an hour. D. An hour.

13. A. Online shopping can stimulate consumption.

B. Working together with robots can improve our efficiency.

C. We should take the good use of the fragmented time.

D. The pizza house improved the speed of making pizzas.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. Because the workforce is not well-trained.

B. Because supermarkets don’t have the space to add more checkout lines.

C. Because their security systems is never upgraded.

D. Because there are always many interruptions.

15. A. We should make sure that each customer has a checkout counters.

B. Another line is always moving faster than yours.

C. The chances of your line being the quickest is lower.

D. We are in bad luck if we choose the slowest line.

16. A. How can we choose the fastest line when we check out.

B. We can beat the system if given the chance

C. Queuing theory can provide an explanation to checkout at the store.

D. More complex problems are passed up to people with more training.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17. A. She will talk with George and help him out.

B. She will take George to consult a psychologist.

C. She will take George to play baseball.

D. She will help George to get the promotion.

18. A. He thinks George is good at cooking.

B. He thinks George will be fine.

C. He thinks George needs to consult a psychologist.

D. He think George is a sentimental man.

19. A. George just wanted to stay alone.

B. George’s favorite basketball team was lost in the game.

C. George was crossed in love recently.

D. George didn’t get the promotion he was promised.

20. A. Maggie loves Jack very much.

B. Maggie is George’s sister.

C. Maggie takes George and Jake like a family.

D. Maggie is not optimistic at all.

2. Grammar and Vocabulary   （每题1分；共20分）

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The Ball Game of Mesoamerica

The sport known simply as the Ball Game was popular across Mesoamerica and played by all the major civilizations from the Olmecs to the Aztecs. The impressive stone courts became a staple feature of a city’s sacred complex and there were often several playing courts in a single city. (21)_________ it is more than just a game, the event could have a religious significance and featured in episodes of Mesoamerican mythology. The contests even supplied candidates for human sacrifice, for the sport could, quite literally, be a game of life or death.

The game (22) _________ (invent) sometime in the Preclassical Period (2500—100 BCE), probably by the Olmec, and became a common Mesoamerican-wide feature of the urban landscape by the Classical Period (300—900 CE). Eventually, the game was even exported to other cultures in North America and the Caribbean.

In Mesoamerican mythology the game is an important element in the story of the Maya gods Hun Hunahpú and Vucub Hunahpú. The pair annoyed the gods of the underworld with their noisy playing and the two brothers were tricked into descending into Xibalba (the underworld) _________ (23) they were challenged to a ball game. (24) _________ (lose) the game, Hun Hunahpús had his head cut off; a foretaste of (25) _________ would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game.

In (26) _________ legend, a famous ball game was held at the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan (27) _________ the Aztec king Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin (r. 1502—1520 CE) and the king of Texcoco. The latter (28)_________ (predict) that Motecuhzoma’s kingdom would fall and the game was set-up (29 ) _________ ( establish) the truth of this bold prediction. Motecuhzoma lost the game and did, of course, lose his kingdom at the hands of the invaders from the Old World. The story also supports the idea (30) _________ the ball game was sometimes used for the purposes of divination.

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.  Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Burnout in the Hospital：Why Doctors Are Set Up for Stress

Some experts call physician bum out “inevitable”, given the high-pressure environment in which they must make potentially life-saving, and almost always life-altering, choices on a constant basis. Research shows that up to 40% of U. S. doctors experience emotional, physical, and psychological burnout from their jobs, and the consequences are no different for them than they are for people in other (31) _________ — substance abuse and cutting comers.

In the premiere issue of the journal Burnout Research, which is devoted to research on the topic, Anthony Montgomery, an associate professor in the Psychology of Work and Organizations in the University of Macedonia in Greece, (32) _________ on physician burnout, and argues that the way doctors are trained may set them up for a career of (33)_________ and high-stress situations. And the consequences may be hurting the care they provide patients.

He says that while doctors interact with people on a daily basis, their training and their worth as physicians are focused almost entirely on their technical capabilities, leaving them with few tools for understanding and navigating social interactions and for (34) _________ as part of a larger team or organization.

Montgomery argues that most medical students are chosen because of their high-test scores, so medical school becomes like a(n) (35) _________ of school. They then become residents, thrown into a more social environment in which they are expected to interact with patients, hospital staff and colleagues in ways they may not have expected to or been prepared to do. It’s (36) _________ they have the leadership skills and the proper emotional capacity to guide patients through extremely stressful and often traumatic (37) _________, but not having the tools to manage these situations can be stressful on the doctors themselves. While burnout among physicians is (38) _________, some studies have shown surgeons and OBGYNs can be at a particularly high risk.

“The irony is that doctors are the one group of people we don’t want to be stressed, yet we are increasing the possibility for them to make (39) _________,” says Montgomery. “Doctors understand that their job is to be the best doctor they can, but they do not (40)_________ understand their part in helping the hospital as a whole better serve the community.” In his practice, for example, Montgomery says that his colleagues admitted to learning skills like communication and teamwork on the job, after they left medical school.

3. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context

“Clean eating” is a phrase thrown around a lot in the health-and-wellness scene. I use it all the time. I (41) _________ it because there’s no formal definition, and it’s not a one-size-fits-all plan. Let’s face it: There isn’t one perfect plan that will work for everyone, (42) _________ or behaviorally. Our bodies work differently from one another. Some physiologically need more fat, some need more carbs, and all need different mixes of vitamins and minerals.

Behaviorally, there isn’t one plan that fits everyone’s (43) _________, either. Some of us (44) _________ daily, while some of us can’t make toast. For some, food is often out of their control, and they (45) _________ hotels, airports and restaurants, while others raise, grow and cook their own food. We also have different (46) _________. Some have had a health scare or are feeling low-energy and sluggish, and are curious about whether food could make them feel better; some are concerned about the environment and ecology, and the impact of how foods are grown and sold; some have yet other (47) _________.

These (48) _________ are important, because your version of clean will depend on your values and goals. Forcing yourself or someone else into an eating plan is (49) _________ a foundation for success. Instead, understanding why you are doing what you are doing will help you make choices you can stick with and make you feel better about how you eat.

When I think of eating clean, what comes to mind is knowing exactly what I’m putting into my body and making mindful decisions that are (50) _________ my values. You have seen people who ask several questions before ordering at a restaurant or making a choice at a grocery store. While it can be entertaining (or frustrating) to watch, being curious about what’s in your food is fair game and, I would argue, important. We live in a world where we must ask questions because we can’t (51) _________ that we’re eating whole foods. I don’t necessarily need to meet the farmer growing my spuds, but when I eat mashed potatoes, I want to be sure they are, well, actual (52) _________. I don’t think that’s too much to ask.

The best first step toward clean eating is knowing what’s on your (53) _________. Everything on it! We are trained to look at calories and grams on food labels, but I (54) _________ you to look at ingredients first. Do you understand what is in the food you are about to eat? Are you okay with eating those ingredients? Not all food products are the same. Take a moment and compare products based to on ingredients, (55)_________ solely calories, to decide whether they’re what you want.

41. A. change B. favor C. charge D. alter

42. A. accidentally B. deliberately C. physiologically D. crucially

43. A. lifestyle B. handwork C. willpower D. income

44. A. cook B. buy C. sell D. handle

45. A. center in B. go on C. catch in D. rely on

46. A. ambitions B. compliments C. motivations D. procedures

47. A. challenges B. concerns C. benefits D. damages

48. A. scales B. declines C. ranges D. distinctions

49. A. rarely B. really C. mostly D. largely

50. A. in search of B. in honor of C. in line with D. with respect to

51. A. maintain B. deny C. guarantee D. separate

52. A. potatoes B. tomatoes C. heroes D. zeroes

53. A. desk B. plate C. pot D. handle

54. A. persuade B. encourage C. provide D. convince

55. A. apart from B. more than C. less than D. rather than

Section B 

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

 (A)

When I was in high school, I wanted to attend an Ivy League university on the East Coast. I had the grades and SAT scores to get into Harvard but my father refused to pay even though tuition back then was much more affordable than it is today, well within the means of our family. I went to UCLA instead, a good university but not an Ivy. I worked at least 20 hours per week throughout my four years and have always felt that I missed out on a lot of college. I feel that I didn’t have enough time to devote to my studies. One of my biggest regrets is not having had the kind of immersion experience that my oldest son enjoyed. I envy him, but it’s not a bitter feeling. It doesn’t make me lose sight of my own accomplishments and the very real goodness in my life so far.

I believe my own father envied me, too. Early in high school, he had to drop out and help support his family during the Depression. Although he never said as much, I know he wished he could have finished high school and gone on to higher education. I was the only one of his children to do so. When I earned my doctorate and built a life as a professional, he felt a mixture of pride, vicarious fulfillment and envy.

I graduated first in my high school class. Years later, I learned that for months after, Dad had carried the little slip announcing my class rank in his pocket, showing it to friends and business associates. He was obviously proud, though he never told me so. It strikes me as a narcissistic sort of pride, about him rather than me. Many of you will relate to this experience. In your comments to my posts, you’ve told me about parents who exploited you for narcissistic gain. I don’t think my father was a bad man, or that his experience of pride was particularly unusual. Don’t most parents like to brag about their child’s success because it reflects well upon them? When I speak of my sons’ lives, I feel pride in them as well as myself.

Envy gets a bad rap but there’s nothing unusual about it. Envy, as I’ve said before, can teach you what you want. Problems only arise when it links up with shame, as I’ve written about before. When the success/beauty/youth enjoyed by someone else makes us feel like a loser in comparison, our envy may become poisonous. In the illogical unconscious, we may feel as if it is precisely because the other person has the trait or thing we want that we cannot have it. We may feel that the only possible relief would be to destroy the object of our envy.

56. According to the text, the author envies his son because ________.

A. his son possesses the precious years of youth

B. his son has a perfect and impressive childhood

C. his son gets into Harvard successfully

D. his son has the immersion experience on his study

57. It can be learned that most parents are proud of their children because ________.

A. they want to exploit their children for narcissistic gain

B. they regard the success as their own and also feel pride in themselves

C. they like to brag about their child’s success

D. they want to catch their friends’ attention

58. Which of the following is TRUE of this passage?

A. The author studied in an Ivy League university on the East Coast.

B. The author’s son completed author’s unfinished studies.

C. Problems only arise when envy links up with shame.

D. The author’s father didn’t care about his study and dropped out.

59. What is the author’s attitude toward envy?

A. Negative. B. Positive. C. Skeptical.    D. Indifferent.

 (B)

Top Apps For Climate Activists

The world population is at 7 billion and it’s predicted that by the end of this year there will be one smartphone for every five people in the world. That’s a lot of phones and a lot of information literally at our fingertips.

Information is constantly changing and those of us working hard to protect the environment for ourselves and future generations need to have access to up-to-date material. Being a climate change activist can be time consuming. But…There’s an app (or ten) for that! The number of apps out there is staggering.

With these apps you’ll be amazed at how easy it is to stay in the know when it comes to your health, and the health of the environment.

60. According to this text, the author recommends APPs because ___________.

A. those APPs could help people gain the up-to-date material

B. those APPs could forecast the changing climate accurately

C. those APPs could help people who have a fast-paced lifestyle

D. those APPs are free for those people who have a designated phone

61. If you want to find in season foods, which Apps should you download?

A. Zimride B. Fooducate C. Locavore D. Findfood

62. Which of the following is true about the APPs mentioned in this passage?

A. Carbon Emissions Calculator for Air Travel could calculate the accurate carbon emissions of passengers.

B. Locavore can not only tell us which fruits and meat are in season, it also tell us how long they’ll be in season.

C. Zimride will charge for rides and then take a cut and the rest is belong to drivers.

D. Fooducate will recommend minimally processed foods which are naturally rich in nutrients and antioxidants.

(C)

Our green spaces are shrinking, despite all the benefits they give us. If we want to save them, we need to value the ecosystem and health and wellbeing services they offer

Parks are a huge asset, and we need to value them for the 21st century

Alison Benjamin

Sheffield city council’s balance sheet shows its parks as a £16m liability. Traditional accountancy methods focus on a park’s saleable value, or its operational costs associated with maintenance. So England’s 27,000 parks are considered as financial liabilities rather than the amazing asset to our health and wellbeing that any of their 37 million regular users could vouch for. They also deliver a range of ecosystem services such as improved air and water quality, flood risk mitigation by absorbing water run-off, and cooling the urban environment as well as providing much-needed habitat for wildlife. By using a “natural capital” accounting approach that puts a value on all these social, environmental and economic contributions, Sheffield discovered that for every £1 spent on its parks, they generate £34 of benefits.

Yet this true value is not widely measured or recognised. As Ian Walmsley, Stockport council’s green space manager told the Communities and Local Government select committee parks inquiry, “an argument has never been successfully made that if you spend x on a park, there will be a saving in the health budget and therefore you should take money out of the health budget and put it into parks”. As a result, the MPs inquiry report published last week warned that parks are at a tipping point of decline, ravaged by a 92% reduction in their budgets since 2010-11 because of local authority cuts. Less money means fewer park rangers, less maintenance, more litter, dog poo and antisocial behaviour, including gang and drug-related activities, and gradually much-loved local parks turn into dangerous eyesores. Tragically it’s the small, green spaces in poorer, built-up areas that suffer disproportionate cuts to park rangers and maintenance. We have been here before. Uncared-for, litter-strewn parks were emblematic of Thatcher’s Britain before an injection of public spending by a Labour government and £850m of lottery cash revived them.

But it doesn’t have to be this way. Andrew Hinchley, green space development officer at the London Borough of Camden, told MPs if we had new ways of valuing the services parks provide for improving water quality, for example, then you could ask water companies to pay towards their upkeep.

The committee wants councils to publish strategic plans to recognise the real value of parks and to set out how they will be managed (possibly by a charitable trust, as Newcastle is looking into) to maximise their contribution to wider local authority goals such as promoting healthier lifestyles. It suggests the government’s obesity strategy could fund parks. It also suggests that it could be a legal requirement for councils to produce such strategies.

63. According to the text, parks are regarded as financial liabilities because ___________ .

A. the area of the park is gradually decreasing due to poor protection

B. the budget for the construction of the park is gradually decreasing

C. the value of the park is low by using a “natural capital” accounting approach

D. the traditional accountancy methods focus on a park’s saleable value

64. According to the text, which of the following is NOT the benefit of the park?

A. Improving air and water quality.

B. Symbolizing the city civilization.

C. Cooling the urban environment.

D. Providing much-needed habitat for wildlife

65. Due to the reduction in budgets, what could probably happen?

A. The government will take money out of the health budget.

B. The local authorities will centralize the management of the park.

C. Much-loved local parks will turn into dangerous eyesores.

D. The true value of the park will be widely measured or recognised.

66. What can be learned from the last two paragraphs?

A. The committee has published strategic plans to recognise the real value of park.

B. It could be a legal requirement for councils to produce such strategies.

C. The local citizens should pay for the improving water quality.

D. The Labour government will spend £850m of lottery cash to revive the park.

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

That night I couldn’t sleep.

I spent an hour or more sitting on the floor of my bedroom in my nightgown, unpacking my books from the traveling trunk and putting them on the bookshelf. I arranged them alphabetically： Louisa May Alcott, Frances Hodgson Burnett, Lewis Carroll, Charles Dickens… (67) _________. This time I use the spines to create a rainbow of color-blue, green, gray, black…

(68) _________ My brother, Robert, had given it to me for my twelfth birthday, very nearly a year ago. It was filled with the most beautiful pictures you could ever imagine-page after page of enchanted forests, underwater cities, and royal palaces. The longer you looked at those pictures, the more you would see—there were pictures within the pictures, worlds within worlds.

My new bedroom was at the back of the house overlooking the garden and the woods beyond. I opened the heavy curtains and stood at the dark window, but all could see was my own reflection looking back at me.

(69) _________ A year ago, Mama would have laughed and said, “You look like you’ve been dragged through a hedge by a runaway pony, Hen.’’ She would have pulled me toward her and gently brushed at the bird’s nest until my hair shone. She would have kissed me good night.

I blinked away the tears, and pulled the curtains together behind me to shut out the light.

The darkness beyond the window was vast and deep, nothing like the hazy gray of London at night. (70) _________ An evil queen’s black velvet cloak, embrotaerea with diamonds…

And then I saw the smoke.

It was drifting up in a thin wisp from the shadowy woods. As I squinted at it, I saw a tiny orange light flickering among the trees. A fire. Someone has lit a fire in our forest.

IV.Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Global Cooperation

In the 21st century, we’ve seen a new trend that is pushing the boundaries (边界) of human invention and innovation — global cooperation. Scientific and technical research and development is now so complicated that no one scientist can know it all. So, increasingly, innovation is coming from the combining of cutting-edge expertise (专业知识) from different scientific fields.

There are now over 8,000 scientific journals worldwide and it is impossible to be an expert in all areas. Therefore, in this highly specialized world, scientists, medics and engineers have to cooperate in order to innovate. Professor Bob Langer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has made significant breakthroughs in the field of biomedical engineering. But he hasn’t done it on his own. He has invited experts from around the world in different fields to form a global team to design new substances which can go inside the body, deliver medicines and then dissolve.

Also at MIT, when Cesar Harada heard about the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, he quit his dream job there and tried to develop a more efficient way to remove the oil. But rather than focusing on profit, he decided to ‘open-source’ the design. He shared his own ideas on the web for free and then got experts from all around the world to contribute ideas and even donations. Thanks to this free, not-for-profit way of sharing ideas and intellectual property on the internet, a boat capable of cleaning oil quickly came into being. Obviously, international cooperation based on sharing information freely has produced innovative approaches to solving problems.

It appears that the days of brilliant individuals working in their garages on their own are over. Global teams with a united purpose building on everyone’s expertise can collectively do far more than one brilliant individual. Today’s world calls for global cooperators, sharers, and not protectors of ideas.

71.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)

Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets

72. 我们非常感激他们为保护上海方言所付出的努力。(appreciate)

73. 正如这本小册子介绍的那样，这里的司机都有礼让行人的习惯。(As)

74. 每周三，这些大学生都会雷打不动地去孤儿院做志愿者，教孩子们剪纸和编织。(a rule)

75. 这首歌在今年艺术节上首发时，因其旋律欢快，风格诙谐引起轰动，但只是昙花一现。(when)

VI.Guided Writing  (共25分)

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese

你是明启中学李华，看到电视台有报道说很多超市有大量临近保质期的食物，针对这些食物如何处理想征集观众意见，你很有感触遂写信给电台，表达想法，信件内容包含：

1）对如何处理这些临近保质期的食品提出建议；

2）提出这些建议的理由。

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