【期中真题】宁夏吴忠中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题.zip

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吴忠中学2022—2023学年第一学期期中考试
高二年级英语试卷
(总分：150分 考试时间：120分钟)
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the woman want her meat cooked?
A. Rare. B. Medium-rare. C. Well done.
2. Which place will the man go to this weekend?
A. A concert hall. B. A stadium. C. A gallery.
3. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Polite greetings. B. Table manners. C. Body language.
4. What are the speakers doing?
A. Taking a picture. B. Having a haircut. C. Looking at a photo.
5. What will the man do after he gets home?
A Drive to a furniture store. B. Buy the woman a new table. C. Borrow a truck from the woman.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman think of electronic music?
A. It is clever. B. It is loud. C. It is modern.
7. How old was the woman when attending a classical concert?
A. 16. B. 17. C. 18.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the man turn to the woman?
A. He has to work late. B. He has to get groceries. C. He has a package to come.
9. What is the man getting?
A. A box of fruit. B. Some alcohol. C. Some sports equipment.
10. What do we know about the speakers’ kids?
A. They are under the age of 21.
B. They’ll return home by 3: 00 p.m.
C. They’ll practice soccer at 5: 00 p.m.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates.
12. What does the woman want to become?
A. A security guard. B. A computer security expert. C. A computer science teacher.
13. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Do well in math. B. Major in math. C. See math as a career.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At school. B. At the zoo. C. At an amusement park.
15. Why is Lisa surprised?
A. John was busy. B. John arrived late. C. John changed his mind.
16. Why did John lie to Lisa?
A. He wanted to come alone.
B. He was afraid of roller coasters.
C. He wanted to give her a surprise.
17. What does John say about Lisa?
A. Considerate. B. Brave. C. Reliable.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why did the speaker buy a new umbrella?
A. His old one was damaged. B. He really loved that one. C. He failed to bring one.
19. What is the main advantage of the hotel’s location?
A. It is beside the Eiffel Tower.
B. It is very close to a bakery.
C. It is within walking distance to Louvre.
20. Why did the speaker go to Paris?
A. To see some artworks. B. To eat some French food. C. To meet some good friends.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Online courses offer people abundant opportunities to learn. Try some of the Harvard online courses about humanities.
The Path to Happiness
From Confucianism to Daoism, the philosophies developed over two thousand years ago are among the most powerful in human history. This course brings voices from the past into modern contexts to explore the path to a good life today.
Duration: June 16, 2021—June 14, 2022
Fees: Free of charge
Pace: Self-paced
Difficulty: Introductory
Introduction to the Ancient Greek World
This course is about ancient Greece with its unique places, ways of life and historical changes. We survey the most important social institutions and cultural traditions. We also study everyday features such as food and dress.
Duration: June 21—August 6, 2021
Fees: $3400
Pace: Instructor-led
Difficulty: Introductory
Biotechnology and the Human Good
Biotechnology offers exciting and promising prospects for healing the sick and relieving the suffering. In this course we consider possible functions beyond common treatments like making people look younger perform better and become perfect.
Duration: June 21—August 6, 2021
Fees: $ 3400
Pace: Instructor-led
Difficulty: Intermediate
Superheroes and Power
What makes superheroes popular? How can they help us think about super powers? In this course, we explore those questions in Marvel and DC favorites (especially the X-Men) as well as independent comics novels.
Duration: June 22 —August 6, 2021
Fees: $ 3400
Pace: Instructor-led
Difficulty: Intermediate
1. Which course can you take if you are free in Oct. 2021?
A. The Path to Happiness B. Introduction to the Ancient Greek World
C. Biotechnology and the Human Good D. Superheroes and Power
2. What does Biotechnology and the Human Good deal with?
A. Powers of superheroes. B. More uses of biotech.
C. Ways to increase happiness. D. Clinical practices of biotech.
3. What do the four courses have in common?
A. They are of the same level. B. They are free of charge.
C. They belong to the same subject. D. They are instructor-led.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了哈佛大学的一些人文学科的在线课程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Path to Happiness部分“Duration: June 16, 2021—June 14, 2022(时间：2021年6月16日至2022年6月14日)”可知，如果2021年10月你有空，你可以上The Path to Happiness课程。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Biotechnology and the Human Good部分“Biotechnology offers exciting and promising prospects for healing the sick and relieving the suffering. In this course we consider possible functions beyond common treatments like making people look younger, perform better and become perfect.(生物技术为治愈病人和减轻痛苦提供了令人兴奋和充满希望的前景。在这门课程中，我们会考虑常见治疗之外可能的功能，比如让人看起来更年轻、表现更好、变得完美。)”可知，Biotechnology and the Human Good研究的是生物技术的更多用途。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Online courses offer people abundant opportunities to learn. Try some of the Harvard online courses about humanities.(网络课程为人们提供了丰富的学习机会。试试哈佛的一些关于人文学科的在线课程。)”以及结合四个课程的介绍可知，这四门课程的共同点是它们属于同一个学科——人文学科。故选C。
B
Jessica Long, from Baltimore, Maryland, USA is a champion by all definitions of the word. She is one of the world’s most decorated swimmers. Jessica was the youngest athlete to win a Paralympics (残奥会) medal. But her path to becoming a champion has been anything but easy.
Jessica was born in Irkutsk, Russia with a severe and rare disease — fibular hemimelia (腓侧半肢畸形). This means that part of her leg bones was missing or abnormal. Because of that, her young mother placed her in a Russian orphanage (孤儿院), fearing she could not care for Jessica.
Fortunately, she was adopted by an American family when she was 13 months old. She required 25 different surgeries to help her leg condition. But unfortunately, both of her legs had to be removed when she was just 18 months old. Jessica learned to walk with artificial legs. As a child, she took to sports including gymnastics, cheerleading, ice skating, biking and rock climbing.
She began swimming at her grandparents’ house when she was 6. She started competitive swimming about 4 years later. She did really well in swimming. Shortly after she started competing, Jessica was selected as Maryland’s Female Swimmer of the Year with a Disability. Even though Jessica was annoyed with her physical limitations, she was encouraged to enter her first Paralympic Games in Athens, Greece. She won three gold medals in swimming at 12! But she did not rest on her success.
Jessica has gone on to win 23 medals for Team USA at the Paralympics! While she began her career out of anger and annoyance, she now has a positive force on a mission to inspire the next generation of Paralympians! Her attitude and growth have been keys to her success. Jessica always believed she could do anything. As she says, “The only disability in life is a negative attitude.”
4. What happened to Jessica when she was a baby?
A. She was abandoned in the wild. B. She had 25 operations on her leg.
C. She had her legs cut because of a disease. D. She was adopted by a Russian family.
5. When did Jessica begin to receive professional swimming training?
A. At the age of 4. B. At the age of 6.
C. At the age of 10. D. At the age of 12.
6. What can we infer about Jessica from the text?
A. She was the youngest athlete in US history.
B. She has set a good example to Paralympians.
C. She has won 23 gold medals in Paralympics.
D. She took part in several sports in Paralympics.
7. What does the author want to tell us?
A. Difficult the first time, easy the second.
B. Never hit a man when he is down.
C. A common danger causes common action.
D. Nothing is impossible to a determined heart.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了残疾女孩Jessica Long克服身体限制努力奋斗的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Jessica was born in Irkutsk, Russia with a severe and rare disease — fibular hemimelia (腓侧半肢畸形). (杰西卡出生于俄罗斯伊尔库茨克，患有一种严重而罕见的疾病——腓侧半肢畸形)”和第三段中的“But unfortunately, both of her legs had to be removed when she was just 18 months old. (但不幸的是，在她18个月大的时候，她的双腿都被切除了)”可知，在她18个月大的时候，Jessica的双腿因患病被截肢了。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“She began swimming at her grandparents’ house when she was 6. She started competitive swimming about 4 years later. (她6岁时开始在祖父母家游泳。大约4年后，她开始了竞技游泳)”可知，竞技游泳需要接受专业游泳训练，Jessica是在10岁时开始接受专业游泳训练的。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While she began her career out of anger and annoyance, she now has a positive force on a mission to inspire the next generation of Paralympians! (虽然她出于愤怒和烦恼开始了自己的职业生涯，但她现在在激励下一代残奥会运动员的使命上拥有了积极的力量！)”可知，Jessica的事迹鼓舞着一代又一代的残奥运动员们。由此可推知，Jessica是残奥运动员们的榜样。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Jessica Long尽管双腿被截肢，但她永不言弃，在残奥会中赢得了游泳金牌的故事。由此可推知，作者想通过本文告诉我们，世上无难事，只怕有心人（Nothing is impossible to a determined heart.）。故选D项。
C
Putting a dinosaur skeleton（骨架）together is not easy. The skeletons are usually very incomplete. Many dinosaur fossils（化石） are discovered badly damaged. Bones are often found crashed (压碎) or bent by the great weight of the dirt and rock above. Sometimes parts from different creatures are mixed together. This just adds to the confusion.
Unfortunately, some scientists have not been careful enough in their descriptions of dinosaurs. They have told grand stories of how dinosaurs looked and behaved. All of these descriptions are based on guesswork – the imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur. Some scientists have made complete pictures of dinosaurs based on just a single bone or tooth or leg. Such pictures are based on many guesses and very little facts. The scientists' ideas often turn out to be wrong when more facts are discovered.
Dinosaur fossils are not found with labels attached showing what the animals looked like. That is why no pictures of dinosaurs are exactly right. Every dinosaur painting is sure to contain at least some wrong information. No artist in the twentieth century ever saw the living, breathing animals -- complete with skin, flesh, and color.
For instance, imagine never having seen or heard of a peacock. One day you find the jumbled bones of it buffed in the ground. You try to put the bones together to form a skeleton. And then you try to draw a picture of what the animal looked like when it was alive. But bones cannot tell the whole story. Even if you are a very good artist, it would be a miracle if you drew a tree picture of a peacock just from the bones and your imagination.
8. Which of the following is NOT a reason why putting a dinosaur skeleton together is difficult?
A. No one has seen a living dinosaur.
B. Dinosaur bones are too complicated when found.
C. Dinosaur bones are crushed or bent when found.
D. Dinosaur bones are mixed with other animals' bones when found.
9. According to Paragraph 2, we can infer that _______.
A. the descriptions of dinosaurs contain some wrong information
B. some scientists are very careful in their descriptions of dinosaurs
C. some scientists have made complete pictures of dinosaurs based on facts
D. the ideas of scientists are often proved wrong when more facts are discovered
10. Taking a peacock as an example, the author shows that________
A. it is easy to put the peacock bones together to form a skeleton
B. it is not easy to put the peacock bones together to form a skeleton
C. a very good artist can draw a good picture even if he has never seen a peacock
D. it is impossible to draw a correct picture based on the bones and one's imagination
11. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Why it is difficult for scientists to find dinosaur fossils.
B. How we can get right information about dinosaurs.
C. Why scientists can't give exact description of dinosaurs.
D. How we can put a dinosaur skeleton together.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。由于恐龙化石被发现时经常是被毁坏的，所以拼接恐龙骨架很难。而且科学家在描述恐龙时也是在仅有的几片化石上做猜想，经常被证明是错误的。再通过如果没有见过孔雀也很难画出孔雀的样子来举例，说明了为什么科学家无法精确地描述恐龙。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。文章第一段提出了为什么拼接恐龙骨架很难的物理原因：Many dinosaur fossils（化石） are discovered badly damaged（很多化石被发现时已经被严重毁坏了。）和Sometimes parts from different creatures are mixed together.（不同生物的化石混合在一起）。文章第二段提出了这个问题的人为原因：All of these descriptions are based on guesswork – the imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur.（所有的描述都是没有见过活恐龙的人们的想象）。利用排除法，故B选项正确。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。从文章第二段中的“All of these descriptions are based on guesswork---the imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur.（所有的描述都是没有见过活恐龙的人们的想象）。”以及“The scientists' ideas often turn out to be wrong when more facts are discovered.（当更多事实被发现时，科学家们的想法经常被证明是错误的）”可以推知，科学家们对恐龙的描述包含错误的信息。题干中有infer，是推断题，而D选项几乎是原文原句，不可以选。故A选项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。文章第四段提到peacock（孔雀），是为了证明第三段提出的观点：由于不知道恐龙长什么样子，也没有见过恐龙，所以关于恐龙的照片几乎没有一张是完全正确的。也就是说，仅仅依靠化石和想象，很难画出正确的图像。故D选项正确。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。本文文章中心在第三段，第三段意思是：恐龙化石被发现时没有附有恐龙照片，所以没有一张恐龙图片是完全正确的，每张图片都包含一些错误的信息20世纪的科学家也没有见过有血有肉的恐龙。这些都是科学家无法正确描述恐龙的原因。故C选项正确。
D
The end of a semester can be a challenging time for students. Kids from elementary school through high school are already stressed after more than a year of C0VID-19 disrupted learning. Pressing through the last few weeks of a semester can be discouraging, especially for older students with demanding final projects and exams.
“Parents’ fears about their kids are so often not about the present but the future — a fear that kids who are struggling will get stuck there. But kids rarely stay stuck, in part because they too want their lives to work out,” says Ned Johnson, a test preparation expert. When children show signs of stress, parents should respond by focusing on mental health, not achievement or grades.
Families can create a sense of safety for children by establishing routines for the day and week, especially those that emphasize connection, such as family dinnertime and a bedtime chat. Parents should meet kids with empathy and listening, instead of trying to solve their problems. For example, we can normalize family conversation about the ups and downs of the day. As Madeline Levine, a psychologist, put it: let your children “borrow your calm”.
In addition, peer support programs can also play an important role in teaching skills for stress management and wellness. “Teens will talk to other teens, especially when they feel they are in a brave space built on trust,” Katie Hurley, a psychotherapist says.
Some children may arrive at the finish line exhausted and needing sleep. Or perhaps they are eager to celebrate the holidays with all the usual fanfare. Honor your child’s wishes and plan to create the break that fits your family’s needs. McKenna Reitz, a mom from Toledo, Ohio, plans for her daughters Karsen, 9, and Maddox, 6, to enjoy time off with family and friends. Her holiday plan apparently reflects that. “It is the most important thing they need right now,” she says. “Our children need to know that they are not alone.”
12. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. Children are struggling in study in the present situation.
B. Children’s focusing on grades makes them stay stuck in learning.
C. Parents stay stuck in making their children live to work out.
D. Parents’ fear about children getting stuck in study is unnecessary.
13. Why does the author mention Madeline Levine?
A. To ask parents to stay calm before their kids.
B. To show the necessity of talking to kids before tests.
C. To make parents let go of their kids during COVID-19.
D. To stress the importance of the help from the experts.
14. What does “that” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. Staying with kids in holidays. B. Respecting the needs of kids.
C. Helping kids celebrate holidays. D. Keeping exhausted kids happy.
15. What does the author want to show?
A. Parents should help kids to prepare their tests.
B. Parents should keep a closer eyes on kids study.
C. Parents should connect their kids more with nature.
D. Parents should let kids take a break from school stress.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了从小学到高中的孩子们已经感到压力很大，学期最后几周的压力可能会让人沮丧，尤其是对年纪较大的学生来说，他们的期末项目和考试要求很高，对此家长应该关注孩子的心理健康，而不是成绩。同时提出了一些给孩子减轻压力的方法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““Parents’ fears about their kids are so often not about the present but the future — a fear that kids who are struggling will get stuck there. But kids rarely stay stuck, in part because they too want their lives to work out,” says Ned Johnson, a test preparation expert. When children show signs of stress, parents should respond by focusing on mental health, not achievement or grades.(“父母对孩子的担忧往往不是针对现在，而是针对未来——他们担心正在挣扎的孩子会陷入困境。但孩子们很少会停滞不前，部分原因是他们也希望自己的生活一帆风顺，”备考专家Ned Johnson说。当孩子表现出压力迹象时，父母应该关注心理健康，而不是成绩或分数)”可知，父母担心孩子陷入学习困境是没有必要的。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Families can create a sense of safety for children by establishing routines for the day and week, especially those that emphasize connection, such as family dinnertime and a bedtime chat. Parents should meet kids with empathy and listening, instead of trying to solve their problems. For example, we can normalize family conversation about the ups and downs of the day. As Madeline Levine, a psychologist, put it: let your children “borrow your calm”.(家庭可以通过建立日常和每周的惯例，尤其是那些强调联系的惯例，如家庭晚餐时间和睡前聊天，来为孩子创造一种安全感。父母应该以同情和倾听的态度对待孩子，而不是试图解决他们的问题。例如，我们可以让家人谈论一天的起起落落。正如心理学家Madeline Levine所说：让你的孩子“借用你的冷静”)”可推知，作者提到了Madeline Levine是为了让父母在孩子面前保持冷静。故选A。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Honor your child’s wishes and plan to create the break that fits your family’s needs. McKenna Reitz, a mom from Toledo, Ohio, plans for her daughters Karsen, 9, and Maddox, 6, to enjoy time off with family and friends.”可知，尊重你孩子的愿望，计划创造一个适合你家庭需要的休息时间。来自俄亥俄州托莱多的母亲麦肯纳·赖茨计划让9岁的卡尔森和6岁的马多克斯与家人和朋友一起享受假期，她的假期计划显然反映了尊重孩子的需要这一点。故that指的是“尊重孩子的需要”。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“When children show signs of stress, parents should respond by focusing on mental health, not achievement or grades.(当孩子表现出压力迹象时，父母应该关注心理健康，而不是成绩或分数)”结合文章主要说明了从小学到高中的孩子们已经感到压力很大，学期最后几周的压力可能会让人沮丧，尤其是对年纪较大的学生来说，他们的期末项目和考试要求很高，对此家长应该关注孩子的心理健康，而不是成绩。同时提出了一些给孩子减轻压力的方法。可推知，作者想表明父母应该让孩子从学校的压力中休息一下。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Think of any objects in your house, meals you eat, or gestures you use, and you’ll find evidence of culture. ____16____ You should learn more about it and know how you can keep it strong. Here are some tips.
※ Share your culture’s art and techniques.
Each culture has its own clothing, music, visual arts, and many more significant features. Other members of your culture will be overjoyed to share or talk about their interests, what they do for fun, and fine works of art they appreciate. This may include traditional artifacts you can find in a museum, but material culture goes far beyond that. ____17____.
※ Cook family recipes(食谱).
It’s never too late to learn some recipes from your grandmother’s cookbook. ____18____During the process, you might remember meals from your childhood or festivals. Just reading a recipe can teach you how much ingredients and kitchen tools have changed.
※ ____19____
Your city or village may have some cultural events, which you should actively participate in. If you don’t know about any in your area, some tribes or ethnic groups in your country almost certainly celebrate major cultural festivals. Travel to these places to get a broader view about your culture.
※ Speak your local dialect.
If you know someone who shares your culture but speaks a native language better than you, ask him or her to teach you. Language is an important part of a culture. ____20____Plus, if the language is rare in your area, nobody will be able to understand what you’re talking about.
A. Culture has shaped who you are.
B. Attend major events and festivals.
C. Travel abroad to celebrate cultural festivals.
D. Smell and taste have a powerful connection to memory.
E. Even a kitchen spoon or a public building is a cultural artwork.
F. They’ll disappear with time if you don’t make efforts to preserve them.
G. Many experts argue that language shapes our whole view about the world.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. D 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了一些了解文化并保存文化的方法。
【16题详解】
空前“Think of any objects in your house, meals you eat, or gestures you use, and you’ll find evidence of culture.(想想你家里的任何物品，你吃的食物，或你使用的手势，你会发现文化的证据)”描述文化在我们周围存在，空后“You should learn more about it and know how you can keep it strong.(你应该更多地了解它，知道如何保持它的强大)”中it指代culture，本句表示我们应该了解并保存文化；A选项“Culture has shaped who you are.(文化塑造了你)”描述文化的作用，符合语境。故选A项。
【17题详解】
本段描述文化艺术和技术分享。空前“This may include traditional artifacts you can find in a museum, but material culture goes far beyond that. (这可能包括你可以在博物馆找到的传统文物，但物质文化远不止于此)”可知，空处应描述物质文化；E选项“Even a kitchen spoon or a public building is a cultural artwork.(即使是厨房的勺子或公共建筑也是文化艺术品)”描述物质文化，符合语境。故选E项。
【18题详解】
小标题可知，本段描述通过食谱保存文化，即，味道上的文化。空前“It’s never too late to learn some recipes from your grandmother’s cookbook.(从祖母的烹饪书中学习一些食谱永远都不晚)”描述从食谱中学习，空后“During the process, you might remember meals from your childhood or festivals(在这个过程中，你可能会想起童年的饭菜或节日)”描述烹饪的过程能引发回忆；D选项“Smell and taste have a powerful connection to memory.(嗅觉和味觉与记忆有着强大的联系)”承上启下，描述从食谱中学习烹饪能引发过去的回忆，符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
本空为小标题。空后“Your city or village may have some cultural events, which you should actively participate in.(你所在的城市或村庄可能会有一些文化活动，你应该积极参与)”及下文可知，本段描述我们应积极参与文化活动；B选项“Attend major events and festivals.(参加重大活动和节日)”符合本段主旨。故选B项。
【20题详解】
小标题可知，本段描述说当地语言来保存文化。空前“Language is an important part of a culture.(语言是文化的重要组成部分)”描述语言对于文化保存的重要性；G选项“Many experts argue that language shapes our whole view about the world.(许多专家认为语言塑造了我们对世界的整体看法)”从专家的角度证实了前一句的观点，符合语境。故选G项。
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The bond between mother and daughter is irreplaceable. One of the most famous women scientists of the 20th century, Marie Curie, worked ____21____ her daughter Irene in the ____22____ of radioactivity, each of them ____23____ earning their own Nobel Prize. Today, there are more ____24____ mother-and-daughter pairs showing what happens when ____25____ works together.
In April 2020, Dr. Cynthia Kudji and her daughter Dr. Jasmine Kudji have become the first mother and daughter to ____26____ from the medical school at the same time and be placed in the same hospital. Cynthia Kudji put her dream of becoming a ____27____ on hold when she became pregnant (怀孕的) at 23. She worked as a nurse for almost a decade ____28____ making the decision to ____29____ the medical school at the University of Medicine and Health Sciences. _____30_____, her daughter Jasmine went to Louisiana State University School of medicine.
At first, it was _____31_____ for them to live and study so far apart from one another. “I thought initially it was hard because my mom and I had always been really _____32_____ so I had to get used to the _____33_____,” Dr. Jasmine Kudji explains to Afro Tech. Although the _____34_____ was difficult, it also had _____35_____ results. “Sometimes people struggle to find someone who _____36_____ their struggles, so for that person to be my mom was extremely helpful,” she adds.
After years _____37_____, both Cynthia and her daughter earned their M. D. degree. Then on “Match Day” when recent med school graduates _____38_____ the results of their residency (高级专科住院生实习期) applications, Cynthia and Jasmine learned that they were _____39_____ in the same hospital.
This pair of mother and daughter _____40_____ that family can do anything together.
21. A. under B. alongside C. for D. around
22. A. process B. limit C. way D. field
23. A. eventually B. constantly C. initially D. occasionally
24. A. shocking B. moving C. inspiring D. satisfying
25. A. family B. community C. team D. class
26. A. escape B. graduate C. quit D. skip
27. A. nurse B. student C. doctor D. scientist
28. A. after B. upon C. with D. before
29. A. appear B. happen C. attend D. pretend
30. A. Therefore B. Meanwhile C. Afterwards D. Besides
31. A. natural B. important C. boring D. difficult
32. A. close B. nervous C. successful D. confident
33. A. role B. journey C. distance D. relationship
34. A. service B. experience C. guidance D. promise
35. A. mixed B. apparent C. lasting D. beneficial
36. A. relates to B. appeals to C. adapts to D. refers to
37. A. result B. reality C. situation D. apart
38. A. announced B. commanded C. discovered D. promoted
39. A. rejected B. placed C. praised D. ranked
40. A. argues B. becomes C. proves D. remains
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对母女朝着同一方向共同努力最终获得成功的故事。
【21题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：20世纪最著名的女科学家之一，Marie Curie，和她的女儿Irene一起在放射性领域工作，她们每个人最终都获得了诺贝尔奖。A. under在……下面；B. alongside与……在一起；C. for为了；D. around围绕。根据前文“The bond between mother and daughter is irreplaceable.”和后文“when ___4___ works together”可知，Marie Curie和她的女儿一起工作。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. process过程；B. limit限制；C. way方法；D. field领域。根据下文的“of radioactivity”和“earning their own Nobel Prize”可推断，她们在放射科领域工作。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：母女之间纽带是不可替代的。20世纪最著名的女科学家之一，玛丽·居里，和她的女儿艾琳一起在放射性领域工作，她们每个人最终都获得了诺贝尔奖。A. eventually最终；B. constantly经常；C. initially最初；D. occasionally偶尔地。根据常识以及后文“earning their own Nobel Prize”可知，获奖是奋斗的结果，经过努力工作，最终她们获得了诺贝尔奖。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，有更多鼓舞人心的母女展示了当家人一起工作时会发生什么。A. shocking令人震惊的；B. moving令人感动的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. satisfying令人满意的。根据前文“earning their own Nobel Prize”可以推知，还有更多的鼓舞人心的母女成功事例。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，有更多鼓舞人心的母女展示了当家人一起工作时会发生什么。A. family家人；B. community社区；C. team团队；D. class班级。根据前文“mother-and-daughter pairs”可知，一家人在一起工作。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2020年4月，Cynthia Kudji博士和她的女儿Jasmine Kudji博士成为第一个同时从医学院毕业并被安置在同一家医院的母亲和女儿。A. escape逃跑；B. graduate毕业；C. quit退出；D. skip跳过。根据常识及后文“from the medical school at the same time and be placed in the same hospital”，结合选项可知，她们毕业后被安置工作。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Cynthia Kudji 在23岁怀孕时，放弃了她想成为一个医生的梦想。A. nurse护士；B. student学生；C. doctor医生；D. scientist科学家。根据语境及后文“She worked as a nurse for almost a decade ___8___ making the decision to attend the medical school at the University of Medicine and Health Sciences.”结合选项可知，Cynthia曾经是一名护士，但她梦想做一名医生。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在她决定去医学与健康科学大学上医学院之前，她做了将近十年的护士。A. after在……之后；B. upon在上面；C. with和……一起；D. before在……之前。前文“She worked as a nurse for almost a decade”和后文“making the decision to attend the medical school at the University of Medicine and Health Sciences”有时间上的前后关系，根据语境可知，在她去医学院之前做过十年的护士。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. appear出现；B. happen发生；C. attend参加；上（学）；D. pretend假装。根据下文“her daughter Jasmine went to Louisiana State University School of medicine”以及母女俩一起毕业可推断，此处说的是她决定去医学与健康科学大学上医学院。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，她的女儿Jasmine就读于路易斯安那州立大学医学院。A. Therefore因此；B. Meanwhile同时；C. Afterwards后来；D. Besides除此之外。根据前文“In April 2020, Dr. Cynthia Kudji and her daughter Dr. Jasmine Kudji have become the first mother and daughter to ___5___ from the medical school at the same time and be placed in the same hospital.”可知，她们同时上大学，同时毕业。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，她们分开这么远的地方生活和学习很困难。A. natural自然的；B. important重要的；C. boring令人厌烦的；D. difficult困难的。根据后文“I thought initially it was hard”以及“Although the experience was difficult”可知，起初，她们分开（不在一所大学里）生活和学习很困难。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jasmine Kudji博士向Afro Tech解释道：“一开始我觉得很难，因为我妈妈和我一直很亲近，所以我不得不习惯这种距离。”A. close亲近的；接近的；B. nervous紧张的；C. successful成功的；D. confident自信的。根据前文“At first, it was ___9___ for them to live and study so far apart from one another.”可知推知，因为她们母女分开，感觉到生活学习有困难，原因是原来她们一直很亲近，没有分开过。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jasmine Kudji博士向Afro Tech解释道：“一开始我觉得很难，因为我妈妈和我一直很亲近，所以我不得不习惯这种距离。” A. role角色；B. journey旅程；C. distance距离；D. relationship关系。根据前文“At first, it was ___9___ for them to live and study so far apart from one another.”可推知，因为她们母女分开，她们感觉到生活学习有困难，因为她们一直很亲近，所以不习惯这种因分开而产生的距离。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管这段经历很困难，但也有有益的结果。A. service服务；B. experience经历；C. guidance指导；D. promise诺言。根据上文“I thought initially it was hard because my mom and I had always been really ____12____ so I had to get used to the ____13____”可知，这段经历对于母女俩都是困难的。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管这段经历很困难，但也有有益的结果。A. mixed混合的；B. apparent显然的；C. lasting持久的；D. beneficial有益的。根据连词“Although”可知，语义有转折，结合选项可知，虽然经历困难，但是结果是有益的。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她补充道：“有时候，人们很难找到一个能与他们的困境相关联的人，所以这个人就是我的妈妈，这对我来说非常有帮助。” A. relates to把……联系起来；B. appeals to吸引；C. adapts to适应；D. refers to提到。根据常识以及后文“so for that person to be my mom was extremely helpful”，结合选项可知，人们很难在困境中找到相关的人。故选A项。
37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：数年分离后，Cynthia和她的女儿都获得了博士学位。A. result结果；B. reality现实； C. situation形势；D. apart分离。根据上文“At first, it was ____11____for them to live and study so far apart from one another.”可知，母女俩分开了数年。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在“比赛日”上，当最近的医学院毕业生发现她们的高级专科住院生实习期申请结果时，Cynthia和Jasmine知道他们被安置在同一家医院。A. announced宣布；B. commanded命令；C. discovered发现；D. promoted提升。根据语境和后文“the results of their residency (高级专科住院生实习期) applications”以及“Cynthia and Jasmine learned that they were ___15___ in the same hospital.”可知，此处指“发现”她们的申请结果。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在“比赛日”上，当最近的医学院毕业生发现她们的高级专科住院生实习期申请结果时，Cynthia和Jasmine知道她们被安置在同一家医院。A. rejected拒绝；B. placed放置；C. praised表扬；D. ranked排名。根据前文第二段中“be placed in the same hospital”可知，Cynthia和Jasmine被安置在同一家医院工作。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对母女证明了家人可以一起做任何事。A. argues主张；B. becomes成为；C. proves证明； D. remains逗留；留下。根据上文讲述的Cynthia和Jasmine母女俩一起成功的故事可知，她们的故事证明了家人可以一起作任何事。故选C。
第二节语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2019, Tu Youyou was selected by the BBC as one of the most influential ___41___ (figure) of science in the 20th Century along with Albert Einstein and Alan Mathison Turing. Tu Youyou was noted for her bravery in being a scientist during a difficult time for science in China, her ability to use old ___42___ (wise) and new methods to achieve her goals and the fact that her work ___43___ (bridge) the Eastern and Western worlds, ___44___ (save) millions of lives.
In 1969, Tu ___45___ (choose) to establish a team to find a cure for malaria. This was not an easy task. The reason why this was difficult was that the team had ___46___ (limit) resources. They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory ___47___ they worked had poor air quality. However, after hundreds of failed experiments, they eventually came across a promising chemical. It worked well in experiments on animals, ___48___ they had to know if it was safe for humans. Tu ___49___ (brave) volunteered to be the first human subject when they were ready to start testing and the rest of her team followed her. The test was ____50____ success. The medicine they discovered, artemisinin, has now become the world’s most effective drug for fighting malaria. Many have heard of shark’s fin soup.
【答案】41. figures
42. wisdom 43. bridged
44. saving 45. was chosen
46. limited
47. where 48. but
49. bravely
50. a
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了20世纪最具影响力的科学人物之一——屠呦呦。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：2019年，屠呦呦与爱因斯坦、图灵一起被英国广播公司评选为20世纪最具影响力的科学人物之一。固定结构“one of+名词复数”表示“……之一”。故填figures。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：屠呦呦以其在中国科学困难时期作为一名科学家的勇气而闻名，她用旧智慧和新方法实现自己目标的能力，以及她的工作在东西方世界之间架起了桥梁，挽救了数百万人的生命。此处与new methods是并列成分，作use的宾语，应用名词wisdom，不可数名词。故填wisdom。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。分析可知，设空处为同位语从句的谓语动词，根据语境及Tu Youyou was noted for可知，此处描述的是过去的动作，应用一般过去时。故填bridged。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，该词和主语Tu Youyou是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填saving。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态及语态。句意：1969年，屠呦呦被选中成立了一个团队来寻找疟疾的治疗方法。此处与主语Tu Youyou是逻辑被动关系，应用被动语态，由In 1969可知，应用一般过去时。故填was chosen。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这之所以困难是因为团队的资源有限。根据句意可知，此处应用形容词limited“有限的”，作定语，修饰名词resources。故填limited。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：没有足够的员工，他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是laboratory，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【48题详解】
考查连词。句意：它在动物身上的实验效果很好，但他们必须知道它对人类是否安全。根据句意可知，前后句意形成转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填but。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：当他们准备开始测试时，屠勇敢地自愿成为第一个人类实验对象，她的团队的其他成员也跟着她。此处修饰动词volunteered，应用副词。故填bravely。
【50题详解】
考查冠词。句意：测试是成功的。根据语境可知，此处抽象名词具体化，success指“成功的人或事”，应用不定冠词，且该词的发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
第四部分写作(共三节，满分45分)
第一节单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据汉语提示或所给词的正确形式填空
51. On a distant mountain was a sign—“Build the Three Gorges Dam, E________ the Yangtze River”.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】Exploit##xploit
【解析】
【详解】考查祈使句。句意：在一座遥远的山上有一个牌子——“建设三峡大坝，开发长江”。此处句子是祈使句，根据句意和首字母提示，应填exploit“开发”，应原形动词形式。故填Exploit。

52 The gorge n________ to 350 feet as the river rushes through mountains. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】narrows##arrows
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：江水在两英里高峰峦间奔流，峡谷狭窄处只有350英尺。根据首字母提示和句意可知，此处为narrow意为“变窄”，分析句子结构可知，此处应填谓语动词，根据从句中的谓语rushes可知，应使用一般现在时态，主语为第三人称单数，所以此处谓语应为第三人称单数。故填narrows。
53. The “Monster of LakeTianchi” is back in the news after several recent ________ (目击). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sightings
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在最近几次被目击后，“天池怪物”再次出现在新闻中。根据句意和汉语提示，应填名词sighting“看见；目睹”作宾语，由several修饰用复数，故填sightings。
54. Scientists are ________ (怀疑的) about the existence of the monster. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】skeptical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：科学家们对怪物的存在持怀疑态度。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处应填skeptical“怀疑的”作表语，故填skeptical。
55. It is not ________ (方便的) for me to come now; I am busy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】convenient
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我现在来不方便，我很忙。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据汉语提示可知，表示“方便的”为convenient符合句意。故填convenient。
56. There is also “learned” body language which v______ from culture to culture. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】varies##aries
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：也有习得的身势语，因文化而异。根据单词首字母和句意“相异；不同”以及句子结构可知，此处应用动词vary在定语从句中的用作谓语，关系代词which替代先行词language，为第三人称单数，根据句意，用一般现在时，主谓一致，故填varies。
57. As a boy he was ________ (教育) in many schools. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】educated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意： 作为一个男孩，他在许多学校接受教育。根据句意和汉语提示应填educate“教育”作谓语，与主语he是被动关系，空前有was，故填educated。
58. No one knows for sure, and making ________ (预测) is a risky business. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】predictions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：没有人确切地知道，而且预测是一件冒险的事。设空处为名词做宾语，make predictions，意为“做出预测”，符合句意，故填predictions。
59. Greetings in Asian countries do not i____________ touching the other person.
【答案】involve##nvolve
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：在亚洲，打招呼通常不触摸别人。分析句子可知，本句缺乏动词，根据首字母提示及句意，应填动词involve，位于助动词do后面，使用动词原形。故用involve。
60. Yuan Longping made a b________ in his research by discovering a special rice plant in 1970. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】 breakthrough##reakthrough
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：1970年，袁隆平发现了一种特殊的水稻植物，在他的研究中取得了突破。根据句意和首字母提示应填breakthrough“突破”作宾语，make a breakthrough“取得突破”，故填breakthrough。
第二节短文改错(满分10分)
61. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
One of the difficulty for foreign students in American universities is taking notes while listen to lectures. These notes are later used to studying for exams. If the notes aren’t well, it will be hard for the students to prepare for the exams. But it is not easy take good notes. If you are try to write every word the professor say, you can’t keep pace with the lecture. That you should learn is how to set down only the most important words, not whole sentences. Words such like nouns and verbs are most important. Remembering that you need information, not sentences.
【答案】第一处：difficulty→ difficulties
第二处：listen→ listening
第三处：studying→ study
第四处：well→ good
第五处：take前加 to
第六处：去掉are
第七处：say→ says
第八处：That → What
第九处：like → as
第十处：Remembering→ Remember


【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述在美国大学学习的外国学生应如何在听课时记笔记。
【详解】第一处：考查名词的数。句意：在美国大学学习的外国学生面临的困难的事之一是听课时做笔记。前面有one of，后面的名词应用复数形式，故difficulty改为difficulties。
第二处：考查现在分词。句意：同上。句中的while引导状语从句，表示“某个动作正在进行的同时，另一个动作也在进行之中，两个动作同时进行，所以listen应用现在分词形式。故listen改为 listening。
第三处：考查固定短语。句意：这些笔记后来被用来备考。分析可知，be used to在本句中意为“被用来去做……”，此时to为不定式符号，后接动词原形，故studying改为study。
第四处：考查形容词。句意：如果笔记不好，学生就很难准备考试。分析可知，be动词后应用形容词做表语，故well改为good。
第五处：考查不定式。句意：但是记好笔记并不容易。分析可知，it为形式主语，应代替后面的不定式，故在take前加 to。
第六处：考查动词。句意：如果你试图把教授讲的每一个词都记下来，你就跟不上讲课的节奏了。分析可知，从句谓语应用一般现在时，应用动词try，前面are是多余的，故将are去掉。
第七处：考查动词。句意：同上。分析可知，the professor为第三人称，谓语应用第三人称单数，故say改为 says。
第八处：考查主语从句。句意：你应该学习的是如何写下最重要的单词，而不是整个句子。分析可知，That you should learn 为主语从句，连接词在从句中作宾语，表示内容，故That 改为What。
第九处：考查固定短语。句意：像名词和动词等词是最重要的。短语such as是固定搭配，意为“例如，像”，故like改为as。
第十处：考查祈使句。句意：记住，你需要的是信息，而不是句子。本句为祈使句，句首单词应用动词原形，故Remembering改为Remember。
第三节书面表达(满分25分)
62. 最近，你班同学围绕“How to solve the problem of heavy traffic”这一话题进行了激烈的讨论，请将讨论结果写成一篇英语短文。要点如下：
1.交通拥堵的原因
2.解决问题的建议（2-3条）
注意：1.词数100左右（首段已给出，不计入总词数）；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
How to solve the problem of heavy traffic
Almost every city has a big traffic problem. Recently, our class have a debate about how to solve it.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic
Almost every city has a big traffic problem. Recently, our class have a debate about how to solve it.
There are many reasons for traffic jams. To start with, a vast population leads to heavy traffic. The second reason is the increasing number of vehicles, especially private cars. The last reason is that some people don’t realize the importance of observing traffic rules.
To deal with this problem, some students suggest that we should build more wide roads. Others suggest offering many more bus routines to improve transport. Someone else think we should walk or ride the bike more instead of driving private cars. And pedestrians should obey traffic rules and not cross the road at a red light.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生就“How to solve the problem of heavy traffic”这一话题的讨论结果写一篇英语短文，介绍交通拥堵的原因，并提出解决问题的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
导致：lead to→cause
意识到：realize→be aware of
遵守：observe→obey
解决：deal with→solve
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To start with, a vast population leads to heavy traffic.
拓展句：To start with, it is a vast population that leads to heavy traffic.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The last but not least reason is that some people don’t realize the importance of observing traffic rules.（运用了that引导表语从句）
【高分句型2】To deal with this problem, some students suggest that we should build more wide roads.（运用了that引导宾语从句，从句使用虚拟语气）