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河南省十所名校2021—2022学年高三年级上学期期中考试
英语
考生注意：
1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At the customs. B. At the travel agency. C. At the hotel.
2. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Friends. B. Neighbors. C. Employer and employee.
3. What does the man mean?
A. He hopes to get a new job soon.
B. He won’t accept the woman’s offer.
C. He can’t make a decision right away.
4. What will the woman do for the man?
A. Get him some bread.
B. Help him with his homework.
C. Take him to the food store.
5. What will the speakers do this weekend?
A. Visit the zoo. B. See a film. C. Play football.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What kind of coffee does the man want?
A. White coffee without sugar.
B. White coffee without milk. C. Black coffee without sugar.
7. What’s the man’s favorite music?
A. Pop music. B. Folk music. C. Classical music.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the man speaker probably do?
A. He is a salesman. B. He is an officer. C. He is a doctor.
9. Who did Mary buy the shirt for?
A. Her husband. B. Her father. C. Her uncle.
10. What makes the woman dissatisfied with the shirt?
A. Its size. B. Its color. C. Its style.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the man go to see the woman?
A. To buy some medicine.
B. To have his blood pressure taken. C. To have a medical examination.
12. Which part of the man’s body makes him painful?
A. His knees. B. His chest. C. His arms.
13. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Exercise more. B. Stop training. C. Run less often.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What can we know about the robber?
A. He is young. B. He has short hair. C. He is short.
15. What clothes was the robber wearing?
A. Pants and a shirt. B. Jeans and a shirt. C. Jeans and a T-shirt.
16. What is the purse made of?
A. Cloth. B. Leather. C. Plastic.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Which of the following was mainly to blame for the 1871 Chicago Fire?
A. Dry weather. B. A farmer. C. A cow.
18. What damage did the 1871 Chicago Fire cause?
A. Hundreds of people lost their lives.
B. Chicago was completely left in ruins.
C. About a million people became homeless.
19. Which fire resulted in the fewest deaths?
A. The 1871 Chicago Fire. B. The 1872 Boston Fire. C. The 1911 New York Fire.
20. What was the strikers’appeal after the 1911 New York Fire?
A. Banning child labor. B. Better working conditions. C. Setting building regulations.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Some annual festivals come out of religious ceremonies or cultural events, while others come about because of marketing experiments or boredom. Here are some festivals that might make you scratch your head.
Wife Carrying World Championship — Sonkajärvi, Finland
Wife carrying started as a sport in Sonkajärvi, Finland, in 1992. Participants are asked to carry their wives in a variety of ways across a 253.5-meter track full of obstacles, from fences to water pools. The prize is awarded based on the wife’s weight in beer.
International Hair Freezing Contest — Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada
International Hair Freezing Contest is a fun winter celebration that occurs every February outside at the Takhini Hot Pools. Participants in the contest put their heads in the hot water of the pools and then create frosty hairstyles by shaping their hair as it freezes in the cold air above. Temperatures in the area can reach below －30℃ at the time of the contest. Winners receive a small cash prize.
Underwater Music Festival — Looe Key Reef, Florida, USA
Held in the Florida Keys in America’s only living coral barrier reef (珊瑚礁), the festival has been running for 31 years. A local radio station sponsors the event to promote coral protection and responsible diving, and they play their sea-themed music underwater through speakers hung under boats situated above the reef. Participants are encouraged to wear costumes and play “underwater instruments” to compete for prizes.
Boryeong Mud Festival — Boryeong, South Korea
This annual festival occurs in July in the village of Boryeong. It was originally created as an outdoor marketing event for Boryeong mud cosmetics (化妆品). The mud there is rich in natural minerals and is used to make beauty products. The festival is popular with locals and tourists alike. Notable festivities include a mud pool, mud slides, mud prison and mud skiing.
1. People concerned about the environment will most probably focus on the festival held in_________.
A. Sonkajärvi B. Whitehorse C. Florida D. Boryeong
2. In which festival can’t the participant compete alone?
A. Boryeong Mud Festival. B. Underwater Music Festival.
C. International Hair Freezing Contest. D. Wife Carrying World Championship.
3. What do the four festivals have in common?
A. They all started as fun sports. B. They are all held in the open air.
C. They all offer cash to prize-winners. D. They are all held in the same season.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上四个非同寻常的节日的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Underwater Music Festival部分的“A local radio station sponsors the event to promote coral protection and responsible diving(由本地电台赞助，推广保护珊瑚及负责任的潜水活动)”可知，关心环境的游客最有可能会关注在美国佛罗里达举行的水下音乐节。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wife Carrying World Championship部分的“Participants are asked to carry their wives in a variety of ways across a 253.5-meter track full of obstacles, from fences to water pools.(参赛者被要求以各种方式背着自己的妻子穿越253.5米的跑道，跑道上布满了从栅栏到水池等各种障碍)”可知，参赛选手不能独自一人参加在芬兰举行的背老婆世界锦标赛。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Wife Carrying World Championship — Sonkajärvi, Finland部分的“Participants are asked to carry their wives in a variety of ways across a 253.5-meter track full of obstacles, from fences to water pools.(参赛者被要求以各种方式背着自己的妻子穿越253.5米的跑道，跑道上布满了从栅栏到水池等各种障碍)”、International Hair Freezing Contest —Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada部分的“International Hair Freezing Contest is a fun winter celebration that occurs every February outside at the Takhini Hot Pools(国际冻发大赛是一项有趣的冬季庆祝活动，每年二月在Takhini温泉池外面举行)”、Underwater Music Festival — Looe Key Reef, Florida, USA部分的“Participants are encouraged to wear costumes and play “underwater instruments” to compete for prizes.(参赛者可穿著戏服及演奏“水下乐器”来角逐奖品)”以及Boryeong Mud Festival — Boryeong, South Korea部分的“It was originally created as an outdoor marketing event for Boryeong mud cosmetics.(该活动原本是为保宁泥浆化妆品的户外营销活动而策划的)”可推知，这四个节日的活动都是在户外举行的。故选B。
B
On Wednesday, 16-year-old Aava Murto took over for a day as prime minister of Finland. The move was part of an international effort called “Girls Takeover”, designed to bring attention to the rights of girls. Finland’s prime minister, Sanna Marin, handed over the position to Aava and showed her how things worked. Though Aava didn’t make any laws, she did meet with politicians, speak to reporters, and give a speech.
Girls Takeover is a worldwide program run by a group called Plan International. The program allows girls around the world to temporarily take over positions normally held by leaders of all different kinds.
This is Finland’s fourth year of taking part in the program. In addition to Aava taking over as prime minister, other girls took charge of other businesses, including a magazine, a university, and Rovio Entertainment, the company behind the Angry Birds video game. This year, the focus of Girls Takeover is on equality for gifts in technology. Aava normally spends a lot of her time working to promote climate action and human rights. But on Wednesday, she focused on technology in her speech.
“Inequality affects many of us girls globally and affects our lives in a variety of ways,” she said. Aava pointed out that most people have always assumed that boys are interested in technology and that girls aren’t, which is against the fact and can make it harder for girls to master these skills.
Aava said that since up to 90% of jobs in the future will rely on digital skills, it’s important to make it easy for everyone to develop these abilities. Aava notes that this is especially important in poorer countries where technology isn’t as cheap or as common. “Girls, too, have a digital future,” she said. “And that is why girls should have a voice in technology.”
Several other countries around the world are taking part in Girls Takeover, including the Dominican Republic, Kenya, Paraguay, Peru, Sudan, and Vietnam.
4. Why was Aava Murto able to serve as Finland’s prime minister for one day?
A Because of a global program. B. Because of her endless efforts.
C. Because of a regular exchange. D. Because of her closeness to the government.
5. What does paragraph 3 imply?
A. Aava has taken many different leaders’roles before.
B. Aava always devotes herself to speeches on technology.
C. The focus of Girls Takeover may vary from year to year.
D. Girls Takeover has been held in Finland for over a decade.
6. What mainly makes girls have greater difficulty mastering technology skills?
A. Their limited access to technology. B. Their lack of interest in technology.
C. The different social responsibilities. D. The long-held wrong public concept.
7. Which of the following reflects Aava’s opinion?
A. Girls’voice in technology matters more.
B. Inequality has little effect on girls worldwide.
C. Technology is unequally distributed globally.
D. Mastering digital skills promises a bright future.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Girls Takeover这个国际项目的具体内容和实际意义。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“The move was part of an international effort called “Girls Takeover”, designed to bring attention to the rights of girls.”（此举是一项名为Girls Takeover的国际项目一部分，旨在让人们关注女孩的权利。）可知Aava之所以能做一天的芬兰总理是因为一个名为Girls Takeover的国际项目。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“This year, the focus of Girls Takeover is on equality for girls in technology.”（今年，Girls Takeover的重点是技术领域的女孩平等。）可推知，Girls Takeover每年关注的焦点可能都不一样。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Aava pointed out that most people have always assumed that boys are interested in technology and that girls aren’t, which is against the fact and can make it harder for girls to master these skills.” （Aava指出，大多数人总是认为男孩对技术感兴趣，而女孩不感兴趣，这是违背事实的，会使女孩更难掌握这些技能。）可推知，女孩子更难掌握科技能力是因为大众根深蒂固的错误观念。故选D项
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“Aava notes that this is especially important in poorer countries where technology isn’t as cheap or as common.”（Aava认为，在更穷困的国家，科技没有富裕国家那么廉价或普遍。）可推知，科技在全球分布不均。故选C项。
C
Companies which sell liquids like drinks or shampoo rely on bottles for their packaging. Usually these bottles are made of plastic or glass. But as customers have become more concerned about the environment, many companies have begun working to develop paper bottles.
Paper bottles are easy to recycle. They also weigh less than glass or plastic, meaning they’ll require less energy to produce and to move around. They’re usually made from wood pulp (纸浆), which is pressed into a mold (模具) to create the bottle shape. Since paper is soft and easy to mold, companies can design their bottles to take almost any shape they choose.
A company called Paboco has been working with many large companies to develop paper bottles. They’re creating their own bottle designs, but they’re sharing what they learn to speed up the development of paper bottle technology.
One of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking. The inside of the bottle needs a special coating to make sure the liquid doesn’t leak through. Many companies are lining their bottles with a thin sheet of plastic. Though bottle makers may say this liner can be removed and recycled, many recycling programs don’t have the right machines to handle these liners. But even without the plastic, paper bottles aren’t flawless. Most paper bottles use wood pulp, meaning trees need to be cut down to make the bottles. Frugalpac, a company from the UK, has created wine bottles made of recycled paper, so no trees need to be cut down. Frugalpac still uses a plastic liner, though.
There’s still lots of testing to be done before paper bottles can replace glass or plastic ones. Companies will need to see how long liquids can be stored in the bottles, and make sure the bottles don’t affect the taste. But with so many companies working towards the same goal, it’s likely that we can expect to see paper bottles on store shelves in the near future.
8. What’s the main purpose of developing paper bottles?
A. To make packaging less heavy. B. To reduce the use of raw materials.
C. To be more environmentally friendly. D. To cut down on the costs of packaging.
9. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. Advantages of paper bottles. B. Great availability of paper.
C. Process of making paper bottles. D. Broad applications of paper bottles.
10. What does the underlined word “flawless” in paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A. Irreplaceable. B. Perfect. C. Short-lived. D. Unsteady.
11. What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of paper bottles ?
A. Carefree. B. Ambiguous. C. Worried. D. Hopeful.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。随着消费者越来越关心环境问题，许多公司开始致力于开发纸瓶。文章介绍了纸瓶的优点和不足。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“But as customers have become more concerned about the environment, many companies have begun working to develop paper bottles.(但随着消费者越来越关心环境问题，许多公司开始致力于开发纸瓶)”可知，研发纸瓶的主要目的是出于环保的考虑。故选C。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Paper bottles are easy to recycle. They also weigh less than glass or plastic, meaning they’ll require less energy to produce and to move around. They’re usually made from wood pulp (纸浆), which is pressed into a mold (模具) to create the bottle shape. Since paper is soft and easy to mold, companies can design their bottles to take almost any shape they choose.(纸瓶易于回收利用。它们的重量也比玻璃或塑料轻，这意味着它们生产和移动所需的能量更少。它们通常是由木浆制成的，木浆被压进一个模具，形成瓶子的形状。由于纸很软，容易塑形，公司可以把瓶子设计成几乎任何他们选择的形状)”可知，第二段主要是介绍纸瓶具有哪些优势。故选A。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词所在句子前一句“many recycling programs don’t have the right machines to handle these liners.(很多回收项目没有合适的机器来处理这些塑料衬垫)”及后一句“Most paper bottles use wood pulp, meaning trees need to be cut down to make the bottles(大多数纸瓶使用纸浆，这意味着需要砍伐树木来制作瓶子)” 可知，即使没有塑料，纸瓶也不是完美无瑕的。由此可以猜测，划线词flawless与perfect意思接近。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“But with so many companies working towards the same goal, it’s likely that we can expect to see paper bottles on store shelves in the near future.(但有这么多的公司都在朝着同一个目标努力，很可能我们可以期待在不久的将来看到纸质瓶子出现在商店的货架上)”可知，作者认为，有如此多的公司朝着同一个目标努力，在不久的将来，我们很可能会看到纸瓶出现在商场的货架上。由此可以推断，作者对纸瓶满怀希望。故选D。
D
When night falls in the Netherlands, lights dance across a farm and create a dreamy landscape. Here, in a field inspired by beauty and equipped with photobiology, art meets with agriculture. Yet, there is more than what meets the eye; these glowing lights also provide higher production and more sustainable crops.
This magical field is part of a project called GROW and was created by Dutch designer Daan Roosegaarde. Living in the city, he had a desire to connect people to the source（源头）of their food in an inspiring way. “How can we make the farmer the hero? We barely know where our food comes from,” Roosegaarde said in the video describing the project.
His vision was to combine science and art, and in so doing, create a better world. Desiring to offer the world light in dark times, he set to work in a 5-acre field of leeks（韭葱）. He used his own design concept alongside artists, a team of designers, and experts at the Wageningen University.
Using the science of photobiology, the group discovered that certain mixes of red, blue, and ultraviolet lights accelerate plant growth. The team then put LEDs in different places across the field. These lights move up and down in order to ensure the light is evenly distributed across the area. And when these lights move at night, they seem to dance, creating a poetic dreamscape. “It’s very futuristic and also very romantic, in a way,” Roosegaarde said.
Aside from being beautiful and promoting growth, the team observed that due to these lights, they needed to use 50 percent less pesticides（杀虫剂）on the crop. This is because this specific recipe of lights activated the defense system of the plants. And as it works on all crops, not just leeks, Roosegaarde foresees a way to reduce the use of pesticides on many other plants. And his project will soon be touring 40 countries, and sending its dancing lights across the world.
12. What message does Daan Roosegaarde try to convey in his video?
A. It’s important to know the source of food.
B. People living in cities desire to save food.
C. It’s easy to track where food comes from.
D. Farmers are considered as heroes by the public.
13. What did Daan Roosegaarde do for his project?
A. He invented low-cost pesticides. B. He came up with the design concept.
C. He learned dancing skills in a college. D. He bought 5 acres of leeks from farmers.
14. Why are less pesticides needed on the crop with the lights alongside?
A. The lights make it more resistant to pests.
B. The lights kill off most of the pests on it.
C. The lights are too bright for pests to tolerate.
D. The lights are equipped with a defense system.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Dancing Lights—a Widespread Scene in the Field
B. Magical Fields Make Plants Beautiful in the Light
C. Plants in the Netherlands—Great Dancers at Night
D. Art Mixed with Science Improves Crop Production
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是荷兰设计师丹·罗斯加德创造的利用灯光提供更高的产量和更可持续的作物的项目。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Living in the city, he had a desire to connect people to the source（源头）of their food in an inspiring way. “How can we make the farmer the hero? We barely know where our food comes from,”（住在城市里，他渴望以一种鼓舞人心的方式将人们与食物的来源联系起来 。“我们怎样才能让农民成为英雄呢?”我们几乎不知道我们的食物来自哪里。”）”可知，Daan认为了解食物的来源很重要。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“He used his own design concept alongside artists, a team of designers, and experts at the Wageningen University.（他和艺术家、一组设计师以及瓦赫宁根大学的专家一起使用了自己的设计理念。）”可知，Daan在进行该项目时提出了自己的设计理念。故选B。
14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“...due to these lights, they needed to use 50 percent less pesticides（杀虫剂）on the crop. This is because this specific recipe of lights activated the defense system of the plants.（由于这些光照，他们需要在作物上少使用50%的杀虫剂。这是因为这种特殊的光的配方激活了植物的防御系统 。）”可知，灯光激活了植物的自我防御系统使得植物更能抵抗虫害，从而减少了杀虫剂的使用。故选A。
15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段的“Here, in a field inspired by beauty and equipped with photobiology, art meets with agriculture. Yet, there is more than what meets the eye; these glowing lights also provide higher production and more sustainable crops.（在这个以美为灵感、配备光生物学的领域里，艺术与农业相遇。然而，事情远不止眼前所见；这些发光的灯还提供更高的产量和更可持续的作物。）”及第三段的“His vision was to combine science and art, and in so doing, create a better world.（他的愿景是把科学和艺术结合起来，这样做，创造一个更美好的世界。 ）”可知，本文主要介绍了一个艺术和科学结合的农业项目，不仅让农作物长得更好，而且还能提高农作物的产量，因此最好的题目是D选项“Art Mixed with Science Improves Crop Production（艺术与科学的结合提高了作物的产量）”，故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Social events can be frightening for a woman because they usually involve huge crowds. Some manage to become the life of the party like a natural.____16____. Fortunately, there are ways that can help you become the centre of attention during any event.
____17____. People always try to look their best at social gatherings. Therefore, you should spend time dealing with your hair and face beforehand. Besides, a beautiful and comfortable dress will help improve your confidence ahead of the party. For events, ladies must always prefer heels to flats.
Being the life of the party means you have to turn heads as soon as you enter the room.____18____ you should carry yourself with confidence. Start walking like a beauty queen and pose like a model when you reach the hall. With a grand entrance, you’ll be in the conversations of the party guests.
Keep yourself active at the party. Don’t sit in a corner and wait for people to talk to you.____19____, you should acknowledge them with smiles or hugs. Don’t let the thought of becoming the life of the party pull you away from having a fun time with your friends.
There will be friendly strangers looking to start a conversation with you during the party. If someone approaches you with kind intentions, you may act in return for their effort. Getting to know other people in social events will help improve your confidence.____20____.
Some people turn out to be the centre of attention, even if they don’t follow the steps above. The important thing is that you’re having fun, which is better than becoming the life of the party.
A. Pick the perfect dress for a party
B. When you recognise someone inside the party
C. When you are within steps away from the front door
D. Before you go to a party, take your time in preparation
E. When you decide to do something fun and eye-catching
F. However, be cautious of strangers who are too aggressive
G. A lot of people end up making a fool of themselves, though
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了让女性成为社交活动焦点的几个方法。
【16题详解】
根据后句“Fortunately, there are ways that can help you become the centre of attention during any event.”（幸运的是，有一些方法可以帮助你在任何活动中成为注意力的中心。）以及前句“”可知G项“A lot of people end up making a fool of themselves, though”（虽然很多人最后都出丑了）其中making a fool of themselves与Fortunately之间形成对比关系。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据后句“Therefore, you should spend time dealing with your hair and face beforehand.”（因此，你应该花时间事先处理好你的头发和脸。）可知D项“Before you go to a party, take your time in preparation”（在你去参加聚会之前，慢慢准备吧 ）其中 take your time in preparation与后句中spend time dealing with your hair and face beforehand相呼应，符合语境。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据后句“Start walking like a beauty queen and pose like a model when you reach the hall.”（当你到达大厅时，开始像选美皇后一样走路，并摆出模特的姿势。）可知C项“When you are within steps away from the front door”（当你离前门不到几步远时）其中the front door与the hall是位置上的先后关系，符合本段语境。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据后句“you should acknowledge them with smiles or hugs.”（你应该用微笑或拥抱来表示认出他们）可知B项“When you recognise someone inside the party”（当你在派对内认出某人时）。其中recognise someone与后句acknowledge them形成呼应关系。故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“There will be friendly strangers looking to start a conversation with you during the party.”（在聚会期间，会有友好的陌生人希望与你开始交谈。）可知F项“However, be cautious of strangers who are too aggressive”（然而，要谨慎对待那些过于主动的陌生人）其中strangers who are too aggressive与前文friendly strangers形成对比关系，符合语境逻辑。故选F项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was the last day of the month-long summer camp. All the camp leaders and volunteers were preparing for the party that evening. Some were setting up chairs and tables outside, some were preparing water balloons for games we’d play later, and some were____21____fruits.
A pastor（牧师）came to me,____22____me a small broom and a dustpan, and asked me to sweep the gym. Alone. I had no____23____. I was a team leader at camp, and this pastor was my employer. I put on as____24____a face as I could and____25____to sweep the floor. The whole situation felt so ____26____. I was angry.
During a____27____between sweeps, I looked up. The same pastor who told me to sweep the gym was____28____moving the speakers and cleaning the stage in the front of the gym. He worked alone, too. And I noticed the calmness and____29____in his eyes as he worked._____30_____, my unhappiness left my heart, and in its place grew a sense of_____31_____for what I saw in the pastor.
First, being a leader doesn’t mean doing all the fun things, all the time. It also means______32______and hard work. To be a good leader, it means doing things one doesn’t really_____33_____with a cheerful, genuine smile. Second, taking the time to think is____34____ to being a good leader. Without time for____35____, you might_____36_____what’s more important. Third, however complex a task maybe, however long you have to work on it, you have to_____37_____it. Cleaning the whole gym with a small broom seemed____38____. But I made it, one sweep at a time.
I_____39_____the pastor on my way to the garbage bin outside the gym. He looked up and smiled at me—and I smiled back. It was a tired smile, but it was a_____40_____one.
21. A. buying B. cutting C. picking D. storing
22. A. lent B. gifted C. awarded D. handed
23. A. choice B. sense C. interest D. opportunity
24. A. serious B. disappointed C. cheerful D. embarrassed
25. A. refused B. hesitated C. pretended D. started
26. A. unsafe B. unfair C. uncommon D. unfamiliar
27. A. trial B. strike C. break D. review
28. A. quietly B. proudly C. casually D. hurriedly
29. A. pain B. joy C. regret D. desire
30. A. Actually B. Hopefully C. Fortunately D. Instantly
31. A. urgency B. sympathy C. appreciation D. achievement
32. A. sacrifice B. risk C. guidance D. experience
33. A. care B. enjoy C. value D. match
34. A. vital B. equal C. similar D. relevant
35. A. expectation B. preparation C. assumption D. reflection
36. A. doubt B. destroy C. overlook D. postpone
37. A. help with B. stick to C. approve of D. suffer from
38. A. rewarding B. unnecessary C. satisfying D. impossible
39. A. passed B. forgot C. comforted D. avoided
40. A. final B. real C. patient D. different
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在夏令营最后一天被雇主安排独自打扫整个体育馆，作者觉得很不公平，作者发现让他扫地的那个人也在独自搬音响、清理舞台。见此情景，作者明白了很多道理。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人在外面摆好桌椅，有人在为我们以后的游戏准备水球，还有人在切水果。A. buying买；B. cutting切；C. picking捡；D. storing储存。由“fruits”可知，此处是说“切水果”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个牧师走过来，递给我一把小扫帚和一个簸箕，让我一个人打扫体育馆。A. lent借；B. gifted赠送；C. awarded颁发；D. handed递。由后文的“asked me to sweep the gym”可知，牧师递给作者一把小扫帚和一个簸箕，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我别无选择。A. choice选择；B. sense意识；C. interest兴趣；D. opportunity机会。由后文的“I was a team leader at camp, and this pastor was my employer”可知，作者别无选择，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我尽量装出一副高兴的样子，开始扫地。 A. serious认真的；B. disappointed失望的；C. cheerful高兴的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。由“this pastor was my employer”可知，那个牧师是雇主，作者只能尽量装出一副高兴的样子，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尽量装出一副高兴的样子，开始扫地。A. refused拒绝；B. hesitated犹豫；C. pretended假装；D. started开始。由后文的“During a____between sweeps”可知，作者开始打扫，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整个情况让人觉得很不公平。A. unsafe不安全的；B. unfair不公平的；C. uncommon不常见的；D. unfamiliar不熟悉的。由后文的“I was angry”可知，作者是觉得分工不公平所以生气，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在打扫的休息时间，我抬起头。A. trial试验；B. strike罢工；C. break休息；D. review评论。由后文的“I looked up”可知，作者在打扫的休息时间才能抬头看，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那个让我打扫体育馆的牧师正在安静地移动扬声器，打扫体育馆前面的舞台。他也是一个人在做。A. quietly安静地；B. proudly骄傲地；C. casually随意地；D. hurriedly匆忙地。由后文的“He worked alone”可知，牧师是安静地移动扬声器，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我注意到他工作时眼神里的平静和喜悦。A. pain疼痛；B. joy高兴；C. regret后悔；D. desire渴望。由前面的“the calmness”可知，他工作时眼神里的平静和喜悦，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的不快立刻离开了我的心，取而代之的是一种对我在牧师身上看到的东西的欣赏。A. Actually事实上；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Instantl立刻。由“my unhappiness left my heart”可知，看到牧师做事的样子作者的不快立刻离开了作者的心，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的不快立刻离开了我的心，取而代之的是一种对我在牧师身上看到的东西的欣赏。A. urgency紧迫感；B. sympathy同情心；C. appreciation感激；D. achievement成就。由“for what I saw in the pastor”及后文的描述可知，作者是欣赏牧师，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它也意味着牺牲和努力工作。A. sacrifice牺牲；B. risk风险；C. guidance指导；D. experience经验。由上文的“doesn’t mean doing all the fun things”可知，作领导也意味着牺牲和努力工作，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：要成为一个好的领导者，意味着带着愉快、真诚的微笑去做自己并不喜欢的事情。A. care关心；B. enjoy喜欢；C. value重视；D. match匹配。由上文的“doesn’t mean doing all the fun things”可知，句子表示“要成为一个好的领导者，意味着带着愉快、真诚的微笑去做自己并不喜欢的事情”，因此空格处是“喜欢”，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二，花时间思考对于成为一个好的领导者至关重要。A. vital关键的；B. equal平等的；C. similar类似的；D. relevant有关的。由后文的“Without time for____, you might____what’s more important”可知，花时间思考很关键，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有时间思考，你可能会忽略更重要的事情。A. expectation期待；B. preparation准备；C. assumption设想；D. reflection思考。由上文的“think”可知，空格处是“思考”，故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 没有时间思考，你可能会忽略更重要的事情。A. doubt怀疑；B. destroy破坏；C. overlook忽视；D. postpone推迟。由“what’s more important”可知，没有时间思考，你可能会忽略更重要的事情，故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：第三，不管任务多么复杂，不管你要为它工作多长时间，你都必须坚持下去。A. help with帮助；B. stick to坚持；C. approve of赞成；D. suffer from遭受。由后文的“Cleaning the whole gym with a small broom seemed____. But I made it, one sweep at a time.”可知，此处表示 “不管你要为它工作多长时间，你都必须坚持下去”，故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：用一把小扫帚打扫整个体育馆似乎是不可能的。A. rewarding有回报的；B. unnecessary不需要的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. impossible不可能的。由上文的“Cleaning the whole gym with a small broom”可知，用一把小扫帚打扫整个体育馆似乎是不可能的，故选D。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在去体育馆垃圾桶的路上遇到了牧师。A. passed经过；B. forgot忘记；C. comforted安慰；D. avoided避免。由后文的“He looked up and smiled at me”可知，作者和牧师相遇，因此空格处是“经过”，故选A。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是一个疲倦的微笑，但却是真实的。A. final最后的；B. real真实的；C. patient耐心的；D. different不同的。由上文的“It was a tired smile, but”可知，那是一个疲倦的微笑，但却是真实的，故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A robot designed for fun by Indonesian villagers and scientists has found a new use during the COVID-19 outbreak. It brings food, and hopefully a smile, to people____41____have been infected (感染). Unlike the complex robots used in Japan and other countries, this Indonesian robot is made of household objects, like pots and pans and an old television. It’s now called the “Delta robot”.____42____ (use)only second-hand materials from the neighborhood, the robot is very easy____43____(operate).
The robot’s head is made from a rice cooker. It’s operated by remote control—a device(设备)used to control____44____ (equip)from a distance with the help of electronic signals. The robot is one of several in the village of Tembok Gede, which has become known for____45____(it) creative use of technology.
After moving down the street to____46____home of a self-isolating(自我隔离)villager, the robot’s speaker sends out the message “Peace be with you,”____47____ (follow)by “A delivery is here. Get well soon.” The village lies within Surabaya, capital of East Java and Indonesia’s second biggest city. A____48____(power) second wave of infections has appeared there over the past month.
So far, Indonesia____49____(become)the centre of Asia’s COVID-19 outbreak. The country has recorded over 108,000_____50_____ (death)from the virus.
【答案】41. who##that
42. Using 43. to operate
44. equipment
45. its 46. the
47. followed
48. powerful
49. has become
50 deaths
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了印度尼西亚的村民用废旧物制作防疫机器人。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它给被感染的人带来食物，希望还能带来微笑。此处填入关系词引导定语从句，先行词people，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该机器人仅使用附近的二手材料，操作非常简单。已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the robot和use之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Using。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句意表示“这种机器人操作起来非常容易”，此处是“n. +be+adj.+to do”结构，其中不定式与句子的主语构成动宾关系，用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义，因此应该填入所给动词的不定式。故填to operate。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：它是由遥控器操作的，遥控器是一种利用电子信号从远处控制设备的装置。此处是作动词control的宾语，因此应该填入所给词的名词形式。equipment为不可数名词。故填equipment。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：这个机器人是Tembok Gede村的几个机器人之一，该村庄以创造性地使用技术而闻名。句意表示“这个村庄因其对科技的创造性使用而闻名”，此处表示“它（指的是前面提到的那个村庄）的创造性使用”，因此应该填入所给代词的形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在沿着街道走到一个自我隔离的村民的家中后，机器人的扬声器发出了“和平与你同在”的信息，接着是“送货到了。早日康复。” 表示“一个自我隔离的村民的家”，为特指，因此应该填入定冠词the。故填the。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析语境可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，follow和逻辑主语the message之间为被动关系，因此应该填入所给动词的过去分词。故填followed。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在过去的一个月里，第二波强有力的感染已经在那里出现。此处是用于修饰名词，因此应该填入所给词的形容词形式作定语。故填powerful。
【49题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，印度尼西亚已成为亚洲COVID-19疫情的中心。根据“So far”可知，此处应用现在完成时态，主语为Indonesia，助动词用has。故填has become。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：该国已有超过10.8万人死于该病毒。当death为具体概念，即意为“死亡（的人）”，为可数名词。根据空前的数词108,000可知，应该填入其复数形式。故填deaths。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
There is always an old woman sitting near where I live, begging passers-by money. Whenever I see her, I make sure to give her something. If I am out of money, at less I talk to her for some time. When other people is around, I often make sure to drop several coin into her cup in the hope that they will do the same.
Today I pass her again. As the usual, I gave her some money or asked her how she was. She said she wanted to thank me, not just for the money, but also for my always take the time to talk to her. That she said surprised me great.
【答案】1.money前加for
2.less→least
3.is→are
4.coin→coins
5.pass→passed
6.去掉the
7.or→and
8.take→taking
9.That→What
10.great→greatly
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了我每次遇到附近的老妇人乞讨时都会给她一些东西，有一次她对我表达感谢，因为我总是花时间和他说话，这番话让我很惊喜。
【详解】1.考查固定搭配。句意：在我住的地方附近总是有一个老妇人坐在那里，向路人乞讨钱财。分析句子可知，beg for sth.是固定搭配意为“祈求得到某物”，符合本句语境。故在money前加for。
2.考查固定搭配。句意：如果我没钱了，至少也会和她聊上一会儿。分析句子可知，at least是固定搭配意为“至少”，符合语境。故将less改为least。
3.考查主谓一致。句意：当其他人在附近时，我经常确保往她的杯子里投几个硬币，希望他们也能这样做。分析句子可知，主语是people，是复数，根据主谓一致可知，谓语动词使用复数形式。故将is改为are。
4.考查名词复数。句意：当其他人在附近时，我经常确保往她的杯子里投几个硬币，希望他们也能这样做。分析句子可知，定语several修饰限定名词复数形式，意为“几个的”。故将coin改为coins。
5.考查动词时态。句意：今天，我再次经过她。通读全文可知，本文使用一般过去时，因此这里也应使用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。故将pass改为passed。
6.考查固定搭配。句意：像往常一样，我给了她一些钱，问她怎么样了。分析句子可知，as usual是固定搭配意为“像往常一样”，符合本句语境。故去掉the。
7.考查连词。句意：像往常一样，我给了她一些钱，问她怎么样了。分析句子可知，这里表示我给了他一些钱，并问他怎么样了，前后句是并列顺承关系，不存在选择，因此使用并列连词and 连接。故将or改为and。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：她说她要感谢我，不仅是为了钱，也是为了感谢我总是花时间和她说话。分析句子可知，位于介词后，所有格+动名词的结构，表示逻辑上的主谓关系，作名词性宾语使用，因此使用动名词形式。故将take改为taking。
9.考查主语从句。句意：她的这番话让我非常惊讶。分析句子可知，这是一个主语从句，从句中缺少宾语成分，指代“她说的话”，因此使用what引导主语从句，且位于句首首字母需大写。故将That改为What。
10.考查副词。句意：她的这番话让我非常惊讶。分析句子可知，这里使用副词性成分作状语，修饰动词surprised。故将great改为greatly。
【点睛】
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 你校将举行英语作文比赛。请你以“Make friends online wisely”为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 分析网络交友的优势与不足；
2. 提出交友建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 题目和首句已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Make friends online wisely
Nobody can live without friends.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Make friends online wisely
Nobody can live without friends. With the development of science and technology, we can make friends not only in real life but also on the Internet. It’s true that the Internet allows us to make friends with people in every corner of the world, enabling us to broaden our horizons and learn many new things easily. However, it’s widely believed that it’s unsafe to make friends online. The reason is that we may have no idea what kind of people we’re building friendship with.
As far as I’m concerned, every coin has two sides, and making friends online is no exception. There is no need for us to give it up completely, but we must be cautious enough in case of being cheated.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于提纲类作文。要求考生“Make friends online wisely”为题写一篇短文参赛，分析网络交友的优势与不足并提出交友建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
就我而言：as for me →as far as I’m concerned
不知道：don’t know→ have no idea
视野：view→ horizon
使能够：make→ enable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It’s true that the Internet allows us to make friends with people in every corner of the world, enabling us to broaden our horizons and learn many new things easily
拓展句：It’s true that the Internet allows us to make friends with people in every corner of the world, which enables us to broaden our horizons and learn many new things easily
【点睛】【高分句型1】However, it’s widely believed that it’s unsafe to make friends online.（运用了it作形式主语的主语从句）
【高分句型2】The reason is that we may have no idea what kind of people we’re building friendship with.（运用了that引导的表语从句）
1—5 ACCAB 6—10 ACABA 11—15 CABAC 16—20 BCABB
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河南省十所名校2021—2022学年高三年级上学期期中考试
英语
考生注意：
1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At the customs. B. At the travel agency. C. At the hotel.
2. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Friends. B. Neighbors. C. Employer and employee.
3. What does the man mean?
A. He hopes to get a new job soon.
B. He won’t accept the woman’s offer.
C. He can’t make a decision right away.
4. What will the woman do for the man?
A. Get him some bread.
B. Help him with his homework.
C. Take him to the food store.
5. What will the speakers do this weekend?
A. Visit the zoo. B. See a film. C. Play football.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What kind of coffee does the man want?
A. White coffee without sugar.
B. White coffee without milk. C. Black coffee without sugar.
7. What’s the man’s favorite music?
A. Pop music. B. Folk music. C. Classical music.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the man speaker probably do?
A. He is a salesman. B. He is an officer. C. He is a doctor.
9. Who did Mary buy the shirt for?
A. Her husband. B. Her father. C. Her uncle.
10. What makes the woman dissatisfied with the shirt?
A. Its size. B. Its color. C. Its style.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the man go to see the woman?
A. To buy some medicine.
B. To have his blood pressure taken. C. To have a medical examination.
12. Which part of the man’s body makes him painful?
A. His knees. B. His chest. C. His arms.
13. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Exercise more. B. Stop training. C. Run less often.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What can we know about the robber?
A. He is young. B. He has short hair. C. He is short.
15. What clothes was the robber wearing?
A. Pants and a shirt. B. Jeans and a shirt. C. Jeans and a T-shirt.
16. What is the purse made of?
A. Cloth. B. Leather. C. Plastic.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Which of the following was mainly to blame for the 1871 Chicago Fire?
A. Dry weather. B. A farmer. C. A cow.
18. What damage did the 1871 Chicago Fire cause?
A. Hundreds of people lost their lives.
B. Chicago was completely left in ruins.
C. About a million people became homeless.
19. Which fire resulted in the fewest deaths?
A. The 1871 Chicago Fire. B. The 1872 Boston Fire. C. The 1911 New York Fire.
20. What was the strikers’appeal after the 1911 New York Fire?
A. Banning child labor. B. Better working conditions. C. Setting building regulations.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Some annual festivals come out of religious ceremonies or cultural events, while others come about because of marketing experiments or boredom. Here are some festivals that might make you scratch your head.
Wife Carrying World Championship — Sonkajärvi, Finland
Wife carrying started as a sport in Sonkajärvi, Finland, in 1992. Participants are asked to carry their wives in a variety of ways across a 253.5-meter track full of obstacles, from fences to water pools. The prize is awarded based on the wife’s weight in beer.
International Hair Freezing Contest — Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada
International Hair Freezing Contest is a fun winter celebration that occurs every February outside at the Takhini Hot Pools. Participants in the contest put their heads in the hot water of the pools and then create frosty hairstyles by shaping their hair as it freezes in the cold air above. Temperatures in the area can reach below －30℃ at the time of the contest. Winners receive a small cash prize.
Underwater Music Festival — Looe Key Reef, Florida, USA
Held in the Florida Keys in America’s only living coral barrier reef (珊瑚礁), the festival has been running for 31 years. A local radio station sponsors the event to promote coral protection and responsible diving, and they play their sea-themed music underwater through speakers hung under boats situated above the reef. Participants are encouraged to wear costumes and play “underwater instruments” to compete for prizes.
Boryeong Mud Festival — Boryeong, South Korea
This annual festival occurs in July in the village of Boryeong. It was originally created as an outdoor marketing event for Boryeong mud cosmetics (化妆品). The mud there is rich in natural minerals and is used to make beauty products. The festival is popular with locals and tourists alike. Notable festivities include a mud pool, mud slides, mud prison and mud skiing.
1. People concerned about the environment will most probably focus on the festival held in_________.
A. Sonkajärvi B. Whitehorse C. Florida D. Boryeong
2. In which festival can’t the participant compete alone?
A. Boryeong Mud Festival. B. Underwater Music Festival.
C. International Hair Freezing Contest. D. Wife Carrying World Championship.
3. What do the four festivals have in common?
A. They all started as fun sports. B. They are all held in the open air.
C. They all offer cash to prize-winners. D. They are all held in the same season.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上四个非同寻常的节日的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Underwater Music Festival部分的“A local radio station sponsors the event to promote coral protection and responsible diving(由本地电台赞助，推广保护珊瑚及负责任的潜水活动)”可知，关心环境的游客最有可能会关注在美国佛罗里达举行的水下音乐节。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wife Carrying World Championship部分的“Participants are asked to carry their wives in a variety of ways across a 253.5-meter track full of obstacles, from fences to water pools.(参赛者被要求以各种方式背着自己的妻子穿越253.5米的跑道，跑道上布满了从栅栏到水池等各种障碍)”可知，参赛选手不能独自一人参加在芬兰举行的背老婆世界锦标赛。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Wife Carrying World Championship — Sonkajärvi, Finland部分的“Participants are asked to carry their wives in a variety of ways across a 253.5-meter track full of obstacles, from fences to water pools.(参赛者被要求以各种方式背着自己的妻子穿越253.5米的跑道，跑道上布满了从栅栏到水池等各种障碍)”、International Hair Freezing Contest —Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada部分的“International Hair Freezing Contest is a fun winter celebration that occurs every February outside at the Takhini Hot Pools(国际冻发大赛是一项有趣的冬季庆祝活动，每年二月在Takhini温泉池外面举行)”、Underwater Music Festival — Looe Key Reef, Florida, USA部分的“Participants are encouraged to wear costumes and play “underwater instruments” to compete for prizes.(参赛者可穿著戏服及演奏“水下乐器”来角逐奖品)”以及Boryeong Mud Festival — Boryeong, South Korea部分的“It was originally created as an outdoor marketing event for Boryeong mud cosmetics.(该活动原本是为保宁泥浆化妆品的户外营销活动而策划的)”可推知，这四个节日的活动都是在户外举行的。故选B。
B
On Wednesday, 16-year-old Aava Murto took over for a day as prime minister of Finland. The move was part of an international effort called “Girls Takeover”, designed to bring attention to the rights of girls. Finland’s prime minister, Sanna Marin, handed over the position to Aava and showed her how things worked. Though Aava didn’t make any laws, she did meet with politicians, speak to reporters, and give a speech.
Girls Takeover is a worldwide program run by a group called Plan International. The program allows girls around the world to temporarily take over positions normally held by leaders of all different kinds.
This is Finland’s fourth year of taking part in the program. In addition to Aava taking over as prime minister, other girls took charge of other businesses, including a magazine, a university, and Rovio Entertainment, the company behind the Angry Birds video game. This year, the focus of Girls Takeover is on equality for gifts in technology. Aava normally spends a lot of her time working to promote climate action and human rights. But on Wednesday, she focused on technology in her speech.
“Inequality affects many of us girls globally and affects our lives in a variety of ways,” she said. Aava pointed out that most people have always assumed that boys are interested in technology and that girls aren’t, which is against the fact and can make it harder for girls to master these skills.
Aava said that since up to 90% of jobs in the future will rely on digital skills, it’s important to make it easy for everyone to develop these abilities. Aava notes that this is especially important in poorer countries where technology isn’t as cheap or as common. “Girls, too, have a digital future,” she said. “And that is why girls should have a voice in technology.”
Several other countries around the world are taking part in Girls Takeover, including the Dominican Republic, Kenya, Paraguay, Peru, Sudan, and Vietnam.
4. Why was Aava Murto able to serve as Finland’s prime minister for one day?
A Because of a global program. B. Because of her endless efforts.
C. Because of a regular exchange. D. Because of her closeness to the government.
5. What does paragraph 3 imply?
A. Aava has taken many different leaders’roles before.
B. Aava always devotes herself to speeches on technology.
C. The focus of Girls Takeover may vary from year to year.
D. Girls Takeover has been held in Finland for over a decade.
6. What mainly makes girls have greater difficulty mastering technology skills?
A. Their limited access to technology. B. Their lack of interest in technology.
C. The different social responsibilities. D. The long-held wrong public concept.
7. Which of the following reflects Aava’s opinion?
A. Girls’voice in technology matters more.
B. Inequality has little effect on girls worldwide.
C. Technology is unequally distributed globally.
D. Mastering digital skills promises a bright future.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Girls Takeover这个国际项目的具体内容和实际意义。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“The move was part of an international effort called “Girls Takeover”, designed to bring attention to the rights of girls.”（此举是一项名为Girls Takeover的国际项目一部分，旨在让人们关注女孩的权利。）可知Aava之所以能做一天的芬兰总理是因为一个名为Girls Takeover的国际项目。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“This year, the focus of Girls Takeover is on equality for girls in technology.”（今年，Girls Takeover的重点是技术领域的女孩平等。）可推知，Girls Takeover每年关注的焦点可能都不一样。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Aava pointed out that most people have always assumed that boys are interested in technology and that girls aren’t, which is against the fact and can make it harder for girls to master these skills.” （Aava指出，大多数人总是认为男孩对技术感兴趣，而女孩不感兴趣，这是违背事实的，会使女孩更难掌握这些技能。）可推知，女孩子更难掌握科技能力是因为大众根深蒂固的错误观念。故选D项
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“Aava notes that this is especially important in poorer countries where technology isn’t as cheap or as common.”（Aava认为，在更穷困的国家，科技没有富裕国家那么廉价或普遍。）可推知，科技在全球分布不均。故选C项。
C
Companies which sell liquids like drinks or shampoo rely on bottles for their packaging. Usually these bottles are made of plastic or glass. But as customers have become more concerned about the environment, many companies have begun working to develop paper bottles.
Paper bottles are easy to recycle. They also weigh less than glass or plastic, meaning they’ll require less energy to produce and to move around. They’re usually made from wood pulp (纸浆), which is pressed into a mold (模具) to create the bottle shape. Since paper is soft and easy to mold, companies can design their bottles to take almost any shape they choose.
A company called Paboco has been working with many large companies to develop paper bottles. They’re creating their own bottle designs, but they’re sharing what they learn to speed up the development of paper bottle technology.
One of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking. The inside of the bottle needs a special coating to make sure the liquid doesn’t leak through. Many companies are lining their bottles with a thin sheet of plastic. Though bottle makers may say this liner can be removed and recycled, many recycling programs don’t have the right machines to handle these liners. But even without the plastic, paper bottles aren’t flawless. Most paper bottles use wood pulp, meaning trees need to be cut down to make the bottles. Frugalpac, a company from the UK, has created wine bottles made of recycled paper, so no trees need to be cut down. Frugalpac still uses a plastic liner, though.
There’s still lots of testing to be done before paper bottles can replace glass or plastic ones. Companies will need to see how long liquids can be stored in the bottles, and make sure the bottles don’t affect the taste. But with so many companies working towards the same goal, it’s likely that we can expect to see paper bottles on store shelves in the near future.
8. What’s the main purpose of developing paper bottles?
A. To make packaging less heavy. B. To reduce the use of raw materials.
C. To be more environmentally friendly. D. To cut down on the costs of packaging.
9. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. Advantages of paper bottles. B. Great availability of paper.
C. Process of making paper bottles. D. Broad applications of paper bottles.
10. What does the underlined word “flawless” in paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A. Irreplaceable. B. Perfect. C. Short-lived. D. Unsteady.
11. What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of paper bottles ?
A. Carefree. B. Ambiguous. C. Worried. D. Hopeful.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。随着消费者越来越关心环境问题，许多公司开始致力于开发纸瓶。文章介绍了纸瓶的优点和不足。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“But as customers have become more concerned about the environment, many companies have begun working to develop paper bottles.(但随着消费者越来越关心环境问题，许多公司开始致力于开发纸瓶)”可知，研发纸瓶的主要目的是出于环保的考虑。故选C。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Paper bottles are easy to recycle. They also weigh less than glass or plastic, meaning they’ll require less energy to produce and to move around. They’re usually made from wood pulp (纸浆), which is pressed into a mold (模具) to create the bottle shape. Since paper is soft and easy to mold, companies can design their bottles to take almost any shape they choose.(纸瓶易于回收利用。它们的重量也比玻璃或塑料轻，这意味着它们生产和移动所需的能量更少。它们通常是由木浆制成的，木浆被压进一个模具，形成瓶子的形状。由于纸很软，容易塑形，公司可以把瓶子设计成几乎任何他们选择的形状)”可知，第二段主要是介绍纸瓶具有哪些优势。故选A。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词所在句子前一句“many recycling programs don’t have the right machines to handle these liners.(很多回收项目没有合适的机器来处理这些塑料衬垫)”及后一句“Most paper bottles use wood pulp, meaning trees need to be cut down to make the bottles(大多数纸瓶使用纸浆，这意味着需要砍伐树木来制作瓶子)” 可知，即使没有塑料，纸瓶也不是完美无瑕的。由此可以猜测，划线词flawless与perfect意思接近。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“But with so many companies working towards the same goal, it’s likely that we can expect to see paper bottles on store shelves in the near future.(但有这么多的公司都在朝着同一个目标努力，很可能我们可以期待在不久的将来看到纸质瓶子出现在商店的货架上)”可知，作者认为，有如此多的公司朝着同一个目标努力，在不久的将来，我们很可能会看到纸瓶出现在商场的货架上。由此可以推断，作者对纸瓶满怀希望。故选D。
D
When night falls in the Netherlands, lights dance across a farm and create a dreamy landscape. Here, in a field inspired by beauty and equipped with photobiology, art meets with agriculture. Yet, there is more than what meets the eye; these glowing lights also provide higher production and more sustainable crops.
This magical field is part of a project called GROW and was created by Dutch designer Daan Roosegaarde. Living in the city, he had a desire to connect people to the source（源头）of their food in an inspiring way. “How can we make the farmer the hero? We barely know where our food comes from,” Roosegaarde said in the video describing the project.
His vision was to combine science and art, and in so doing, create a better world. Desiring to offer the world light in dark times, he set to work in a 5-acre field of leeks（韭葱）. He used his own design concept alongside artists, a team of designers, and experts at the Wageningen University.
Using the science of photobiology, the group discovered that certain mixes of red, blue, and ultraviolet lights accelerate plant growth. The team then put LEDs in different places across the field. These lights move up and down in order to ensure the light is evenly distributed across the area. And when these lights move at night, they seem to dance, creating a poetic dreamscape. “It’s very futuristic and also very romantic, in a way,” Roosegaarde said.
Aside from being beautiful and promoting growth, the team observed that due to these lights, they needed to use 50 percent less pesticides（杀虫剂）on the crop. This is because this specific recipe of lights activated the defense system of the plants. And as it works on all crops, not just leeks, Roosegaarde foresees a way to reduce the use of pesticides on many other plants. And his project will soon be touring 40 countries, and sending its dancing lights across the world.
12. What message does Daan Roosegaarde try to convey in his video?
A. It’s important to know the source of food.
B. People living in cities desire to save food.
C. It’s easy to track where food comes from.
D. Farmers are considered as heroes by the public.
13. What did Daan Roosegaarde do for his project?
A. He invented low-cost pesticides. B. He came up with the design concept.
C. He learned dancing skills in a college. D. He bought 5 acres of leeks from farmers.
14. Why are less pesticides needed on the crop with the lights alongside?
A. The lights make it more resistant to pests.
B. The lights kill off most of the pests on it.
C. The lights are too bright for pests to tolerate.
D. The lights are equipped with a defense system.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Dancing Lights—a Widespread Scene in the Field
B. Magical Fields Make Plants Beautiful in the Light
C. Plants in the Netherlands—Great Dancers at Night
D. Art Mixed with Science Improves Crop Production
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是荷兰设计师丹·罗斯加德创造的利用灯光提供更高的产量和更可持续的作物的项目。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Living in the city, he had a desire to connect people to the source（源头）of their food in an inspiring way. “How can we make the farmer the hero? We barely know where our food comes from,”（住在城市里，他渴望以一种鼓舞人心的方式将人们与食物的来源联系起来 。“我们怎样才能让农民成为英雄呢?”我们几乎不知道我们的食物来自哪里。”）”可知，Daan认为了解食物的来源很重要。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“He used his own design concept alongside artists, a team of designers, and experts at the Wageningen University.（他和艺术家、一组设计师以及瓦赫宁根大学的专家一起使用了自己的设计理念。）”可知，Daan在进行该项目时提出了自己的设计理念。故选B。
14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“...due to these lights, they needed to use 50 percent less pesticides（杀虫剂）on the crop. This is because this specific recipe of lights activated the defense system of the plants.（由于这些光照，他们需要在作物上少使用50%的杀虫剂。这是因为这种特殊的光的配方激活了植物的防御系统 。）”可知，灯光激活了植物的自我防御系统使得植物更能抵抗虫害，从而减少了杀虫剂的使用。故选A。
15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段的“Here, in a field inspired by beauty and equipped with photobiology, art meets with agriculture. Yet, there is more than what meets the eye; these glowing lights also provide higher production and more sustainable crops.（在这个以美为灵感、配备光生物学的领域里，艺术与农业相遇。然而，事情远不止眼前所见；这些发光的灯还提供更高的产量和更可持续的作物。）”及第三段的“His vision was to combine science and art, and in so doing, create a better world.（他的愿景是把科学和艺术结合起来，这样做，创造一个更美好的世界。 ）”可知，本文主要介绍了一个艺术和科学结合的农业项目，不仅让农作物长得更好，而且还能提高农作物的产量，因此最好的题目是D选项“Art Mixed with Science Improves Crop Production（艺术与科学的结合提高了作物的产量）”，故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Social events can be frightening for a woman because they usually involve huge crowds. Some manage to become the life of the party like a natural.____16____. Fortunately, there are ways that can help you become the centre of attention during any event.
____17____. People always try to look their best at social gatherings. Therefore, you should spend time dealing with your hair and face beforehand. Besides, a beautiful and comfortable dress will help improve your confidence ahead of the party. For events, ladies must always prefer heels to flats.
Being the life of the party means you have to turn heads as soon as you enter the room.____18____ you should carry yourself with confidence. Start walking like a beauty queen and pose like a model when you reach the hall. With a grand entrance, you’ll be in the conversations of the party guests.
Keep yourself active at the party. Don’t sit in a corner and wait for people to talk to you.____19____, you should acknowledge them with smiles or hugs. Don’t let the thought of becoming the life of the party pull you away from having a fun time with your friends.
There will be friendly strangers looking to start a conversation with you during the party. If someone approaches you with kind intentions, you may act in return for their effort. Getting to know other people in social events will help improve your confidence.____20____.
Some people turn out to be the centre of attention, even if they don’t follow the steps above. The important thing is that you’re having fun, which is better than becoming the life of the party.
A. Pick the perfect dress for a party
B. When you recognise someone inside the party
C. When you are within steps away from the front door
D. Before you go to a party, take your time in preparation
E. When you decide to do something fun and eye-catching
F. However, be cautious of strangers who are too aggressive
G. A lot of people end up making a fool of themselves, though
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了让女性成为社交活动焦点的几个方法。
【16题详解】
根据后句“Fortunately, there are ways that can help you become the centre of attention during any event.”（幸运的是，有一些方法可以帮助你在任何活动中成为注意力的中心。）以及前句“”可知G项“A lot of people end up making a fool of themselves, though”（虽然很多人最后都出丑了）其中making a fool of themselves与Fortunately之间形成对比关系。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据后句“Therefore, you should spend time dealing with your hair and face beforehand.”（因此，你应该花时间事先处理好你的头发和脸。）可知D项“Before you go to a party, take your time in preparation”（在你去参加聚会之前，慢慢准备吧 ）其中 take your time in preparation与后句中spend time dealing with your hair and face beforehand相呼应，符合语境。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据后句“Start walking like a beauty queen and pose like a model when you reach the hall.”（当你到达大厅时，开始像选美皇后一样走路，并摆出模特的姿势。）可知C项“When you are within steps away from the front door”（当你离前门不到几步远时）其中the front door与the hall是位置上的先后关系，符合本段语境。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据后句“you should acknowledge them with smiles or hugs.”（你应该用微笑或拥抱来表示认出他们）可知B项“When you recognise someone inside the party”（当你在派对内认出某人时）。其中recognise someone与后句acknowledge them形成呼应关系。故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“There will be friendly strangers looking to start a conversation with you during the party.”（在聚会期间，会有友好的陌生人希望与你开始交谈。）可知F项“However, be cautious of strangers who are too aggressive”（然而，要谨慎对待那些过于主动的陌生人）其中strangers who are too aggressive与前文friendly strangers形成对比关系，符合语境逻辑。故选F项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was the last day of the month-long summer camp. All the camp leaders and volunteers were preparing for the party that evening. Some were setting up chairs and tables outside, some were preparing water balloons for games we’d play later, and some were____21____fruits.
A pastor（牧师）came to me,____22____me a small broom and a dustpan, and asked me to sweep the gym. Alone. I had no____23____. I was a team leader at camp, and this pastor was my employer. I put on as____24____a face as I could and____25____to sweep the floor. The whole situation felt so ____26____. I was angry.
During a____27____between sweeps, I looked up. The same pastor who told me to sweep the gym was____28____moving the speakers and cleaning the stage in the front of the gym. He worked alone, too. And I noticed the calmness and____29____in his eyes as he worked._____30_____, my unhappiness left my heart, and in its place grew a sense of_____31_____for what I saw in the pastor.
First, being a leader doesn’t mean doing all the fun things, all the time. It also means______32______and hard work. To be a good leader, it means doing things one doesn’t really_____33_____with a cheerful, genuine smile. Second, taking the time to think is____34____ to being a good leader. Without time for____35____, you might_____36_____what’s more important. Third, however complex a task maybe, however long you have to work on it, you have to_____37_____it. Cleaning the whole gym with a small broom seemed____38____. But I made it, one sweep at a time.
I_____39_____the pastor on my way to the garbage bin outside the gym. He looked up and smiled at me—and I smiled back. It was a tired smile, but it was a_____40_____one.
21. A. buying B. cutting C. picking D. storing
22. A. lent B. gifted C. awarded D. handed
23. A. choice B. sense C. interest D. opportunity
24. A. serious B. disappointed C. cheerful D. embarrassed
25. A. refused B. hesitated C. pretended D. started
26. A. unsafe B. unfair C. uncommon D. unfamiliar
27. A. trial B. strike C. break D. review
28. A. quietly B. proudly C. casually D. hurriedly
29. A. pain B. joy C. regret D. desire
30. A. Actually B. Hopefully C. Fortunately D. Instantly
31. A. urgency B. sympathy C. appreciation D. achievement
32. A. sacrifice B. risk C. guidance D. experience
33. A. care B. enjoy C. value D. match
34. A. vital B. equal C. similar D. relevant
35. A. expectation B. preparation C. assumption D. reflection
36. A. doubt B. destroy C. overlook D. postpone
37. A. help with B. stick to C. approve of D. suffer from
38. A. rewarding B. unnecessary C. satisfying D. impossible
39. A. passed B. forgot C. comforted D. avoided
40. A. final B. real C. patient D. different
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在夏令营最后一天被雇主安排独自打扫整个体育馆，作者觉得很不公平，作者发现让他扫地的那个人也在独自搬音响、清理舞台。见此情景，作者明白了很多道理。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人在外面摆好桌椅，有人在为我们以后的游戏准备水球，还有人在切水果。A. buying买；B. cutting切；C. picking捡；D. storing储存。由“fruits”可知，此处是说“切水果”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个牧师走过来，递给我一把小扫帚和一个簸箕，让我一个人打扫体育馆。A. lent借；B. gifted赠送；C. awarded颁发；D. handed递。由后文的“asked me to sweep the gym”可知，牧师递给作者一把小扫帚和一个簸箕，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我别无选择。A. choice选择；B. sense意识；C. interest兴趣；D. opportunity机会。由后文的“I was a team leader at camp, and this pastor was my employer”可知，作者别无选择，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我尽量装出一副高兴的样子，开始扫地。 A. serious认真的；B. disappointed失望的；C. cheerful高兴的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。由“this pastor was my employer”可知，那个牧师是雇主，作者只能尽量装出一副高兴的样子，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尽量装出一副高兴的样子，开始扫地。A. refused拒绝；B. hesitated犹豫；C. pretended假装；D. started开始。由后文的“During a____between sweeps”可知，作者开始打扫，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整个情况让人觉得很不公平。A. unsafe不安全的；B. unfair不公平的；C. uncommon不常见的；D. unfamiliar不熟悉的。由后文的“I was angry”可知，作者是觉得分工不公平所以生气，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在打扫的休息时间，我抬起头。A. trial试验；B. strike罢工；C. break休息；D. review评论。由后文的“I looked up”可知，作者在打扫的休息时间才能抬头看，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那个让我打扫体育馆的牧师正在安静地移动扬声器，打扫体育馆前面的舞台。他也是一个人在做。A. quietly安静地；B. proudly骄傲地；C. casually随意地；D. hurriedly匆忙地。由后文的“He worked alone”可知，牧师是安静地移动扬声器，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我注意到他工作时眼神里的平静和喜悦。A. pain疼痛；B. joy高兴；C. regret后悔；D. desire渴望。由前面的“the calmness”可知，他工作时眼神里的平静和喜悦，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的不快立刻离开了我的心，取而代之的是一种对我在牧师身上看到的东西的欣赏。A. Actually事实上；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Instantl立刻。由“my unhappiness left my heart”可知，看到牧师做事的样子作者的不快立刻离开了作者的心，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的不快立刻离开了我的心，取而代之的是一种对我在牧师身上看到的东西的欣赏。A. urgency紧迫感；B. sympathy同情心；C. appreciation感激；D. achievement成就。由“for what I saw in the pastor”及后文的描述可知，作者是欣赏牧师，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它也意味着牺牲和努力工作。A. sacrifice牺牲；B. risk风险；C. guidance指导；D. experience经验。由上文的“doesn’t mean doing all the fun things”可知，作领导也意味着牺牲和努力工作，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：要成为一个好的领导者，意味着带着愉快、真诚的微笑去做自己并不喜欢的事情。A. care关心；B. enjoy喜欢；C. value重视；D. match匹配。由上文的“doesn’t mean doing all the fun things”可知，句子表示“要成为一个好的领导者，意味着带着愉快、真诚的微笑去做自己并不喜欢的事情”，因此空格处是“喜欢”，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二，花时间思考对于成为一个好的领导者至关重要。A. vital关键的；B. equal平等的；C. similar类似的；D. relevant有关的。由后文的“Without time for____, you might____what’s more important”可知，花时间思考很关键，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有时间思考，你可能会忽略更重要的事情。A. expectation期待；B. preparation准备；C. assumption设想；D. reflection思考。由上文的“think”可知，空格处是“思考”，故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 没有时间思考，你可能会忽略更重要的事情。A. doubt怀疑；B. destroy破坏；C. overlook忽视；D. postpone推迟。由“what’s more important”可知，没有时间思考，你可能会忽略更重要的事情，故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：第三，不管任务多么复杂，不管你要为它工作多长时间，你都必须坚持下去。A. help with帮助；B. stick to坚持；C. approve of赞成；D. suffer from遭受。由后文的“Cleaning the whole gym with a small broom seemed____. But I made it, one sweep at a time.”可知，此处表示 “不管你要为它工作多长时间，你都必须坚持下去”，故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：用一把小扫帚打扫整个体育馆似乎是不可能的。A. rewarding有回报的；B. unnecessary不需要的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. impossible不可能的。由上文的“Cleaning the whole gym with a small broom”可知，用一把小扫帚打扫整个体育馆似乎是不可能的，故选D。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在去体育馆垃圾桶的路上遇到了牧师。A. passed经过；B. forgot忘记；C. comforted安慰；D. avoided避免。由后文的“He looked up and smiled at me”可知，作者和牧师相遇，因此空格处是“经过”，故选A。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是一个疲倦的微笑，但却是真实的。A. final最后的；B. real真实的；C. patient耐心的；D. different不同的。由上文的“It was a tired smile, but”可知，那是一个疲倦的微笑，但却是真实的，故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A robot designed for fun by Indonesian villagers and scientists has found a new use during the COVID-19 outbreak. It brings food, and hopefully a smile, to people____41____have been infected (感染). Unlike the complex robots used in Japan and other countries, this Indonesian robot is made of household objects, like pots and pans and an old television. It’s now called the “Delta robot”.____42____ (use)only second-hand materials from the neighborhood, the robot is very easy____43____(operate).
The robot’s head is made from a rice cooker. It’s operated by remote control—a device(设备)used to control____44____ (equip)from a distance with the help of electronic signals. The robot is one of several in the village of Tembok Gede, which has become known for____45____(it) creative use of technology.
After moving down the street to____46____home of a self-isolating(自我隔离)villager, the robot’s speaker sends out the message “Peace be with you,”____47____ (follow)by “A delivery is here. Get well soon.” The village lies within Surabaya, capital of East Java and Indonesia’s second biggest city. A____48____(power) second wave of infections has appeared there over the past month.
So far, Indonesia____49____(become)the centre of Asia’s COVID-19 outbreak. The country has recorded over 108,000_____50_____ (death)from the virus.
【答案】41. who##that
42. Using 43. to operate
44. equipment
45. its 46. the
47. followed
48. powerful
49. has become
50 deaths
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了印度尼西亚的村民用废旧物制作防疫机器人。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它给被感染的人带来食物，希望还能带来微笑。此处填入关系词引导定语从句，先行词people，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该机器人仅使用附近的二手材料，操作非常简单。已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the robot和use之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Using。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句意表示“这种机器人操作起来非常容易”，此处是“n. +be+adj.+to do”结构，其中不定式与句子的主语构成动宾关系，用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义，因此应该填入所给动词的不定式。故填to operate。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：它是由遥控器操作的，遥控器是一种利用电子信号从远处控制设备的装置。此处是作动词control的宾语，因此应该填入所给词的名词形式。equipment为不可数名词。故填equipment。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：这个机器人是Tembok Gede村的几个机器人之一，该村庄以创造性地使用技术而闻名。句意表示“这个村庄因其对科技的创造性使用而闻名”，此处表示“它（指的是前面提到的那个村庄）的创造性使用”，因此应该填入所给代词的形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在沿着街道走到一个自我隔离的村民的家中后，机器人的扬声器发出了“和平与你同在”的信息，接着是“送货到了。早日康复。” 表示“一个自我隔离的村民的家”，为特指，因此应该填入定冠词the。故填the。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析语境可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，follow和逻辑主语the message之间为被动关系，因此应该填入所给动词的过去分词。故填followed。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在过去的一个月里，第二波强有力的感染已经在那里出现。此处是用于修饰名词，因此应该填入所给词的形容词形式作定语。故填powerful。
【49题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，印度尼西亚已成为亚洲COVID-19疫情的中心。根据“So far”可知，此处应用现在完成时态，主语为Indonesia，助动词用has。故填has become。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：该国已有超过10.8万人死于该病毒。当death为具体概念，即意为“死亡（的人）”，为可数名词。根据空前的数词108,000可知，应该填入其复数形式。故填deaths。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
There is always an old woman sitting near where I live, begging passers-by money. Whenever I see her, I make sure to give her something. If I am out of money, at less I talk to her for some time. When other people is around, I often make sure to drop several coin into her cup in the hope that they will do the same.
Today I pass her again. As the usual, I gave her some money or asked her how she was. She said she wanted to thank me, not just for the money, but also for my always take the time to talk to her. That she said surprised me great.
【答案】1.money前加for
2.less→least
3.is→are
4.coin→coins
5.pass→passed
6.去掉the
7.or→and
8.take→taking
9.That→What
10.great→greatly
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了我每次遇到附近的老妇人乞讨时都会给她一些东西，有一次她对我表达感谢，因为我总是花时间和他说话，这番话让我很惊喜。
【详解】1.考查固定搭配。句意：在我住的地方附近总是有一个老妇人坐在那里，向路人乞讨钱财。分析句子可知，beg for sth.是固定搭配意为“祈求得到某物”，符合本句语境。故在money前加for。
2.考查固定搭配。句意：如果我没钱了，至少也会和她聊上一会儿。分析句子可知，at least是固定搭配意为“至少”，符合语境。故将less改为least。
3.考查主谓一致。句意：当其他人在附近时，我经常确保往她的杯子里投几个硬币，希望他们也能这样做。分析句子可知，主语是people，是复数，根据主谓一致可知，谓语动词使用复数形式。故将is改为are。
4.考查名词复数。句意：当其他人在附近时，我经常确保往她的杯子里投几个硬币，希望他们也能这样做。分析句子可知，定语several修饰限定名词复数形式，意为“几个的”。故将coin改为coins。
5.考查动词时态。句意：今天，我再次经过她。通读全文可知，本文使用一般过去时，因此这里也应使用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。故将pass改为passed。
6.考查固定搭配。句意：像往常一样，我给了她一些钱，问她怎么样了。分析句子可知，as usual是固定搭配意为“像往常一样”，符合本句语境。故去掉the。
7.考查连词。句意：像往常一样，我给了她一些钱，问她怎么样了。分析句子可知，这里表示我给了他一些钱，并问他怎么样了，前后句是并列顺承关系，不存在选择，因此使用并列连词and 连接。故将or改为and。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：她说她要感谢我，不仅是为了钱，也是为了感谢我总是花时间和她说话。分析句子可知，位于介词后，所有格+动名词的结构，表示逻辑上的主谓关系，作名词性宾语使用，因此使用动名词形式。故将take改为taking。
9.考查主语从句。句意：她的这番话让我非常惊讶。分析句子可知，这是一个主语从句，从句中缺少宾语成分，指代“她说的话”，因此使用what引导主语从句，且位于句首首字母需大写。故将That改为What。
10.考查副词。句意：她的这番话让我非常惊讶。分析句子可知，这里使用副词性成分作状语，修饰动词surprised。故将great改为greatly。
【点睛】
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 你校将举行英语作文比赛。请你以“Make friends online wisely”为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 分析网络交友的优势与不足；
2. 提出交友建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 题目和首句已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Make friends online wisely
Nobody can live without friends.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Make friends online wisely
Nobody can live without friends. With the development of science and technology, we can make friends not only in real life but also on the Internet. It’s true that the Internet allows us to make friends with people in every corner of the world, enabling us to broaden our horizons and learn many new things easily. However, it’s widely believed that it’s unsafe to make friends online. The reason is that we may have no idea what kind of people we’re building friendship with.
As far as I’m concerned, every coin has two sides, and making friends online is no exception. There is no need for us to give it up completely, but we must be cautious enough in case of being cheated.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于提纲类作文。要求考生“Make friends online wisely”为题写一篇短文参赛，分析网络交友的优势与不足并提出交友建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
就我而言：as for me →as far as I’m concerned
不知道：don’t know→ have no idea
视野：view→ horizon
使能够：make→ enable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It’s true that the Internet allows us to make friends with people in every corner of the world, enabling us to broaden our horizons and learn many new things easily
拓展句：It’s true that the Internet allows us to make friends with people in every corner of the world, which enables us to broaden our horizons and learn many new things easily
【点睛】【高分句型1】However, it’s widely believed that it’s unsafe to make friends online.（运用了it作形式主语的主语从句）
【高分句型2】The reason is that we may have no idea what kind of people we’re building friendship with.（运用了that引导的表语从句）
1—5 ACCAB 6—10 ACABA 11—15 CABAC 16—20 BCABB
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